THI OLYMPIC HA HC SINH VIN TON QUC NM 2003

Phn Ha i Cng v V C Khi B

Thi gian: 180 pht
Ngy thi: 23 4 2003
Cu 1:
1) Trnh by cu to ca phn t CO theo phng php VB v phng php MO (v gin nng
lng). Cho ZC = 6; ZO = 8.
2) So snh nng lng ion ha gia cc nguyn t C v O, gia phn t CO vi nguyn t O.
3) Ngi ta gii thch nh th no kh nng ca CO to thnh cc hp cht bn cacbonyl kim loi.
4) Tnh nhit ca ngn la CO chy trong hai trng hp sau:
a)
Chy trong oxy tinh khit (20% oxy v 80% nit theo th tch)
b)
Chy trong oxy tinh khit
Cho bit lng oxy va cho phn ng, nhit lc u l 25oC.
Entanpi chy ca CO 25oC v 1atm l 283kJ.mol-1. Nhit dung mol chun ca cc cht nh
sau:
Cop (CO2, k) = 30,5 + 2.10-2T
Cop (N2, k) = 27,2 + 4,2.10-3T
Cu 2:
Cho cc s liu sau 298K:
N3-(dd)
K+(dd)
AgN3(r)
KN3(r)
Ag+(dd)
o
-1
G tt(kJ.mol )
77
348
-283
378
77
1) Xc nh chiu xy ra ca cc qa trnh sau:
Ag+(dd) + N3-(dd) AgN3(r)
K+(dd) + N3-(dd) KN3(r)
2) Tnh tch s tan ca cht in li t tan.
Cu 3:
Brom lng tc dng c vi H3PO3 theo phn ng:
H3PO3 + Br2 + H2O H3PO4 + 2H+ + 2Br1) Tnh hng s cn bng ca phn ng 298K
2) Tnh th in cc chun Eo(H3PO4/H3PO3) nu bit Eo(Br2/2Br-) = 1,087V
3) Tnh th in cc chun Eo(H3PO3/H3PO2) nu bit Eo(H3PO4/H3PO2) = 1,087V
4) Tnh pH ca dung dch NaH2PO4 0,1M cho bit cc hng s phn ly ca H3PO4 l
K1 = 7,1.10-3; K2 = 6,2.10-8 v K3 = 4,5.10-13.
Cho bit cc s liu sau 298K:
H3PO4(dd)
Br-(dd)
H3PO3(dd)
Br2(l)
H2O(l)
H+(dd)
o
H tt(kJ/mol)
0
-1308
-141
-965
0
-286
So(J/mol.K)
0
-108
83
167
152
70
Cu 4:
Cho bit cc th in cc chun: Eo(Cu2+/Cu) = 0,34V; Eo(Cu2+/Cu+) = 0,15V; Eo(I2/2I-)=0,54V.
1) Hi ti sao ngi ta c th nh lng Cu2+ trong dung dch nc thng qua dung dch KI? Cho
bit thm rng dung dch bo ho ca CuI trong nc nhit thng (25oC) c nng l
10-6M
2) S dng tnh ton xc nh xem Cu c tc dng c vi HI gii phng kh H2 hay khng?
3) Mui Cu2SO4 c bn trong nc hay khng? Gii thch.
Cu 5:
25oC th N2O5 phn hu theo phn ng mt chiu:

NO2:

N2O5(k) N2O4(k) + 1/2O2(k)

Theo phn ng bc 1 vi k = 10-3 ph-1. Cng nhit ny th N2O4 nm cn bng rt nhanh vi

N2O4(k) 2NO2(k)
Vi K-1p = 8,152
Cho vo bnh chn khng N2O5(k) c P = 26700Pa 25oC. Tnh p sut ring phn ca N2O5; O2;
N2O4 v NO2 sau 200 pht.
Cu 6:
Cho bit: PCl5(k) PCl3(k) + Cl2(k)
KP = 1,85 525K
Lm ba th nghim:
Cho 1 mol PCl5 vo bnh chn khng c dung tch khng i. Lc t cn bng 525K, p sut
trong bnh l 2 atm.
Lm ging th nghim 1 nhng cho thm vo bnh 1 mol kh agon v vn duy tr nhit l
525K.
Khi cn bng th nghim 2 c thit lp ngui ta vn duy tr nhit ca bnh l 525K nhng
tng dung tch ca bnh ln sao cho p sut cn bng l 2atm.
Tnh s mol PCl5 v Cl2 khi cn bng trong mi th nghim.
Cu 7:
Hy lp phng trnh tnh pH ca dung dch bt u kt ta mui MS bng dung dch H2S
bo ho (0,1M) cha ion M2+ c nng 10-2M v phng trnh tnh pH khi s kt ta kt thc lc
[M2+] = 10-4M (sai s 1%). Cho bit cc hng s phn ly axit ca H2S l K1 = 10-7 v K2 = 10-14.
Cho mt dung dch cha Zn2+ v Cd2+ c nng 10-2M. Hi phi duy tr nng trong khong
pH no kt ta hon ton CdS (sai s 1%) m khng kt ta ZnS?. Cho bit tch s tan ca CdS l
10-27,8 v ca ZnS l 10-21.6.
Cu 8:
Hng s phn ly K2 ca H3PO4 l 6,2.10-8. Tnh pH ca dung dch cha Na2HPO4 v NaH2PO4
vi s mol bng nhau.
Hi mun chun b mt dung dch m c pH = 7,38 cn phi ho tan bao nhiu gam
NaH2PO4.H2O trong 1 lt dung dch Na2HPO4 1M (M(NaH2PO4.H2O) = 138).