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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

LI NI U
Ngy nay vi s pht trin ca khoa hc v k thut, ngi ta p dng cc thnh tu ca khoa hc v i sng v sn xut. Cng nh i vi cc ghnh khoa hc khc, nghnh c kh cng p dng rt nhiu tnh tu v khoa hc c bit l iu khin s. Phn ln cc my mc trong cng nghip hin i ngy nay u s dng my iu khin s. i vi sinh vin nghnh c kh, vic tm hiu cc chng trnh iu khin s hay tham gia vo qu trnh lp trnh l vic lm c ngha nhm gip cho sinh vin nm c cc kin thc hin i cng nh hiu c bn cht ca cc my iu khin s. V vy thng qua vic lm n Cng ngh CAD/CAM/CNC gp phn nng cao kin thc cho sinh vin. Trong khun kh n ny chng em s thc hin ti gia cng Thn bm bnh rng . ti c ngha trong cuc sng, trong sut qu trnh lm n chng em cng tham kha nhiu ti liu lin quan cng vi s hng dn ca thy gio Nguyn Phm Th Nhn gip em hon thnh n ny. Do y l n mi nn chc chn khng trnh khi sai st em mong c s gp ca cc thy. Em xin chn thnh cm n.

Sinh vin thc hin

V Xun Ph

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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

CHNG I: PHN TCH IU KIN LM VIC V YU CU K THUT CA SN PHM

I.1. La chn chi tit: Cc chi tit gia cng trn my CNC th yu cu chnh xc v nhm b mt cao, do khng th gia cng c trn cc may cng c thng thng.Gm cc chi tit: Chi tit l mt b phn chnh ca cc khun dp, khun dp vut, khun c, khun p,... to ra cc sn phm nha, composite hoc cc sn phm c kh,... Chi tit c hnh dng b mt phc tp, yu cu chnh xc cao nh: Turbin thy lc, kh nn, chn vt tu thy,.... Chi tit yu cu chnh xc v bng b mt cao, yu cu phi tch hp nhiu bc cng ngh trn mt nguyn cng khi thc hin gia cng ch to. Trong khun kh n ny em s thc hin ti gia cng Thn bm bnh rng

Hnh 1.1- Thn bm bnh rng

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Hnh 1.2- Bn v chi tit I.2. iu kin lm vic ca chi tit: Bm bnh rng l bm th tch c cu to bi cc bnh rng c lin kt vi nhau nn d dng vn chuyn cc dung dch c nht, m c cao. Thn bm bnh rng chu p lc ca cht lng,trc mang bnh rng quay vi s vng quay ln s sinh ra rung ng, do thn bm bnh rng i hi phi lm vic tt trong cc iu kin nh sau: S vng quay v cng sut trn mt n v trng lng ln p lc ca cht lng ln thnh bm cao C kh nng chu qu ti trong mt thi gian ngn
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Thn bm lm vic trong iu kin rung ng do s chuyn ng quay ca cc bnh rng n khp vi nhau - m bo kn kht gia hai b mt lp ghp thn bm. I.3. Yu cu k thut ca sn phm: V thn bm lm vic trong nhng iu kin nh trn nn thn bm i hi yu cu v khng song song, vung gc gia cc b mt vi mt (A) phi chnh xc. trnh hin tng kt bnh rng khi bm hot ng cn phi m bo yu cu kch thc gia hai tm l lp ghp trc bnh rng. T , t ra yu cu k thut vi thn bm nh sau: khng vung gc gia hai tm l 20 vi mt A l 0.01mm khng vung gc gia l 62 vi mt A l 0.016mm khng vung gc gia b mt B vi mt A l 0.016mm Dung sai kch thc hai tm l 62 l 0.03mm

I.4. Vt liu v c tnh: Vt liu ch to l ht sc quan trng bi v n lin quan n tui th ca khun, chnh xc gia cng, tc gii nhitkhi chn vt liu cn tha mn cc yu cu sau: Vt liu d tm, tnh gia cng tt Chu rung ng tt Tnh chu mi mn,chu n mn cao Thot nhit dng, t bin dng do nhit C tnh kinh t cao Vi nhng c tnh ta chn vt liu thp C45 vi thnh phn ha hc(%) ca cc nguyn t nh sau:
C 0,42-0,50 Si Mn P 0,035 S 0,04 Cr 0,25 Ni 0,25 Cu 0,25

0,17-0,37 0,50-0,80

Gii hn chy Gii hn bn

c= b=

360 Mpa

610 MPa

cng HB=190
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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

CHNG II: THIT K CHI TIT BNG PHN MM CAD/CAM

II.1. Gii thiu v phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0: Pro/Engineer Wildfire 5.0 l phin bn mi v m rng ca phin bn 4.0. Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 l phn mm tin ch thit lp nhanh, chnh xc cc bn v hnh chiu hai chiu, bn v hnh chiu trc o ba chiu v cho php t ng lp cc chng trnh gia cng trn cc my CNC. S dng Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 c th xoay cc khi ba chiu quan st r hn hnh dng ca chng cc gc khc nhau. Cng c th to cc chuyn ng quay, chuyn ng tnh tin cho khi ba chiu, m phng qu trnh lp rp cc chi tit my vi nhau, m phng qu trnh hot ng ca my. S dng Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 cho php chng ta t ng nhn c hnh chiu ng, hnh chiu bng, hnh chiu cnh, cc hnh ct ca vt th khi c hnh khi ba chiu. T cc bn v ca vt th c xy dng trong phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0, sau khi lm th tc chn my, dao, ch gia cng, chng ta c th t ng nhn c chng trnh iu khin qu trnh gia cng trn my CNC. Phn mm Pro/E Wildfire 5.0 cng cho php chy m phng qu trnh gia cng trn my CNC. Quan st trn mn hnh my tnh, chng ta c th kim tra ton b qu trnh gia cng, sa cha cc li trong chng trnh, trnh c tt c cc sai st trc khi tin hnh gia cng thc trn my CNC. Pro/E l phn mm ca hng Parametric Technology Corporation. Mt phn mm thit k theo tham s, c nhiu tnh nng rt mnh trong lnh vc CAD/CAM/CAE, n mang lai cho chng ta cc kh nng nh: M hnh ha trc tip vt th rn To cc mdun bng cc khi nim v phn t thit k. Thit k thng s. S dng c s d liu thng nht.

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C kh nng m phng ng hc, ng lc hc kt cu c khPhn mm Pro/Engineer c cc modun sau: Pro/ASSEMBLY: to iu kin thit lp d dng chi tit vo h thng v di h thng. N h tr cho phn lp rp v lp rp nhm, gii quyt tnh hung xung t, thit k thay i Pro/DETAIL: mdun to trc tip m hnh 3D ca cc bn v thit k chun cho phn xng v ch to trong m bo lin kt 2 pha gia cc bn v v modun 3D. Pro/SHEETMETAL: mdun h tr thit k nhng chi tit c dng tm, v, v h tr cho vic to lp cc chi tit pht trin k c chun b cho chng trnh NC cho sn xut. Pro/SURFACE: modun h tr v, to cc mt t do( Free Form), x l cc mt cong v b mt phc tp. Pro/MANUFACTURING: bao gm d liu NC, m phng, format d liu CL, th vin cc phn t. Pro/MESH: h tr ti to mnng li cho vic phn tch phn t hu hn (FEA), xc nh iu kin bin, gn lin vi ANSYS, PATRAN, NASTRAN, ABAQUS, SUPERTAB v COSMOS/M. Pro/MECHANICA: M phng ng hc, kim nghim ng sut, chuyn v, bin dng tuyn tnh v phi tuyn, xc nh v d on kh nng ph hy vt liu Pro/INTERFACE: to iu kin gn vi cc h CAD khc nh: iges, dxf, vdafs, render, SLA Pro/PROJECT: xc nh iu khin d n thi k v t hp mt s i thit k v lp d n. Pro/FEATURE: M rng kh nng thit lp nhng phn t thit k bng th vin ca cc b phn, nhm, ti to cc hnh dng chun v di nhm.

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Pro/DESIGN: H tr thnh lp m hnh 3D, s khi, xy dng k hoch thit k v mi quan h ph thuc, gip cho s phn tch nhanh v hiu qu v sp xp phng n. Pro/LIBRARY: Modun cha th vin rng ln ca cc phn t trn chun ( chi tit, phn t thit k tiu chun, dng c, khp ni), c th b sung hoc hiu chnh. Pro/VIEW: Mdun to iu kin kim tra m hnh ha chi tit v h thng t mt hng quan st bt k, phng n, o nh. S dng c ci nhn nhanh tng th t c kt qu hoc mc ch phng nga. Pro/DRAFT: Mdun h tr biu din 2D, to iu khin c bn v ca cc h CAD khc v b sung mdun 3D v thit k thng s. Pro/NLO: Mdun h tr cho cng vic trong mng cc b, ha hp vi cc mdun khc ca h. Pro/MOLD: Module thit k khun Pro/DEVELOP (Pro/PROGRAM): mdun h tr vic lp trnh ng dng ring. Cha cc th vin ca hm s C, th vin chng trnh con c ngn ng lp trnh FORTRAN v c bit tip cn c vi cu trc thit lp cc h thng v cu trc d liu ca h thng. Ngoi ra, Pro/E cn c Pro/CASTING, Pro/LEGACY, Pro/TOOLKIT, Pro/PiP. Vi nhng tnh nng gii thiu trn cho thy: Pro/Engineer l mt phn mm CAD/CAM/CAE rt mnh, c kh nng m hnh ha cc chi tit phc tp nh cc loi my xc, my o t, t, cc bin dng v tu thy kh nng lp rp ln v rt ti u trong thit k. Mt s phin bn hay dng ca Pro/E l: Pro/E 2000i, Pro/E 2.0, Pro/E 3.0, Pro/E 4.0, Pro/E 5.0, Pro/E 6.0, v phin bn Creo1.0 ca hng Parametric Technology Corporation ra i. Trong qu trnh lm n mn hc ny, em ch s dng 2 phn mm trn. Ngoi ra trong thc t cn nhiu phn mm khc c s dng thit k,m phng cc qu

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trnh gia cng nh Solid work, Catia, Mastercam Mi phn mm c mt u im ring nhng c mt mc ch chung l h tr cho qu trnh CAD/CAM/CNC II.2. Thit k chi tit bng phn mm Pro/Engineer Wildfire : Khi ng chng trnh Pro/Engineer Chn th mc lm vic: File/Set working directory OK File/New Chn modul Part to chi tit gia cng: Chn tn thu mc hoc to th mc lm vic mi

Hnh 2.1 S dng lnh Extrude Placement TOP v bin dng ngoi ca chi tit:

Hnh 2.2
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Nhp chiu cao khi n l 42 S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT lm chun v 5 l :

Hnh 2.3

Hnh 2.4
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S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT v 2 l

Hnh 2.5 S dng lnh Extrude v mt phng RIGHT v 2 l :

Hnh 2.6
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Hnh 2.7 S dng lnh Extrude v chn mt phng chi tit song song vi FRONT v khi tr :

Hnh 2.8
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To mt phng DATUM song song v cch mt phng RIGHT mt khong 26:

Hnh 2.9 V bin dng ren Insert/Helical sweep/Cut:

Hnh 2.10
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Chn mt phng va to bc trn lm mt chun. Chn cc chun kch thc l 2 bin ngoi ca khi tr v ng tm ca n.

Hnh 2.11 V ng thng ct ren xuyn theo ng chun lnh nhp bc ren:2

v trc i xng

kt thc

Hnh 2.12
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V v hiu chnh dao nh hnh 2.12

Hnh 2.13 Kt thc lnh ta c bin dng ren mt bn, lp li vi bn cn li ta c c l ren M20x2.

Hnh 2.14
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Hnh 2.15 Bo trn cc cnh R5 bng lnh Round k: , ta c thn bm cn thit

Hnh 2.16
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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

CHNG III: THIT K QUY TRNH CNG NGH CH TO CHI TIT III.1. Phn tch cc c im v yu cu k thut b mt gia cng: y l chi tit dng hp v dng sn xut n chic nn gim gi thnh sn phm v tm kim phi ban u n gin ta nn chn phi thp c c kch thc nh sau:

186

52

146

Cc b mt gia cng cn phi m bo cc yu cu k thut theo yu cu gip cho chi tit sau khi c gia cng c th hot ng ng vi mong mun thit k. Phn tch cc b mt cn c gia cng, ta c th a ra mt s yu cu cn t nh sau:

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khng vung gc gia hai tm l 20 vi mt A l 0.01mm khng vung gc gia b mt l 62 vi mt A l 0.016mm khng vung gc gia b mt lp B vi mt A l 0.016mm Dung sai kch thc hai tm l 62 l B mt lp ghp B nhm n 2.5 B mt bin dng ngoi ch cn t n nhm 2.5 0.03mm nhm cn t c 2 l 20 l 1.25

III.2. La chn my v thng s k thut ca my: III.2.1. La chn my: c th p ng gia cng c tt c cc nguyn cng theo phng php tp trung nguyn cng, ta c th chn my gia cng l : EMCO CONCEPT MILL- 450
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Hnh 3.1-My phay cnc la chn III.2.2. Cc thng s k thut ca my la chn:

Khng gian lm vic ca my Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng X Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng Y Gii hn khng gian lm vic theo phng Z Khong lm vic hiu qu theo phng Z Bn my v dao Kch thc bn my Thi gian thay dao ng knh dao ln nht Chiu di ln nht ca dao Thng s khc Cng sut my SVTH: V XUN PH kW 13 TRANG 18 [mm] s [mm] [mm] 700 520 8.2 80 250 [mm] [mm] [mm] [mm] 600 500 500 250

 N CNG NGH CAD/CAM/CNC Tc quay trc chnh Ngun cung cp Tng trng lng my S trc Cc h iu khin dng trong my

GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN [v/ph] [V,Hz] [Kg] 50 10000 450V,50/60Hz 4000 3 Fanuc/Siemens/ Heidenhain/ Fagor

III.3. Th t cc cc bc cng ngh: G ln 1: Bc 1: Phay th mt chun A Bc 2: Phay tinh mt chun A Bc 3: Phay bin dng ngoi

8 R1
180

0 R7
R44

140

8 R1

R5

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5
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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

G ln 2:
B

24+0.033
A 880.027 360.195

520.015

520.195
520.03 2 l? 620.025 B

42+0.039

2 l? 20+0.021

2 l? 8+0.015 5 l? 16+0.27

660.23

Bc 4: Phay th mt phng B Bc 5: Phay tinh mt phng B Bc 6: Khoan 5 l 16 Bc 7: Khoan 2 l 8 Bc 8: Phay ph 2 l 62 Bc 9: Phay tinh 2 l 62
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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

Bc 10: Khoan 2 l 20 Bc 11: Doa 2 l 20 Bc 12: Khoan l 17,2 Bc 13: Taro ren M20x2 Bc 14: Khoan l 17,2 cn li Bc 15: Taro ren M20x2 cn li

G ln 3: -

G ln 4: -

260.016

300.016
M20x2 B

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III.4. La chn dao v cc thng s cng ngh cho tng bc: Bc 1: Phay th mt chun A Bc 2: Phay tinh mt chun A Phay mt A chn dao ASX445-050A03R ca hng MITSUBISHI c thng s k thut c cho bng sau :

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Da vo bng trn ta chn li dao F7030 v vt liu lm khun ta chn l thp C45 c cng 190HB Cc thng s cng ngh: Lng n dao ngang: ae = 0.25D1 = 0,25.50= 12.5mm Lng d gia cng: Zn= 2 mm Vn tc ct: Vc = 300 m/pht Vn tc trc chnh: n= n=
Vc.1000 .D1

(vg/pht)

300.1000 = 1910vng/pht .50

Lng chy dao rng: fz = 0.2 mm/rng Vn tc chy dao: Vf = fz . n . Z(mm/pht) Vf = 0,2.1910.3 = 1146 mm/pht Bc 3: Phay bin dng ngoi Chn dao VC4MCD1000 ca hng Mitsubishi c cc thng s nh sau:

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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

Ch ct nh sau:

Tc trc chnh : n=6400 |(vg/ph) Vn tc chy dao: Vf = 1400 (mm/ph) Chiu su ct: t=5 (mm) Bc 4: Phay th mt phng B Bc 5: Phay tinh mt phng B +Lng n dao ngang: Phay th ae = 0.7D1 = 0,75.50= 35 mm Phay tinh ae = 0.5D1 = 0,5.50= 25 mm
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+Lng d gia cng: Phay th Zn= 6mm Phay tinh Zn=1 mm + Vn tc ct: Phay th Vc = 250 m/pht Phay tinh Vc = 300 m/pht + Vn tc trc chnh: n= Phay th: n =
Vc.1000 .D1

(vg/pht)

250.1000 = 1590 vng/pht .50 300.1000 = 1910 vng/pht .50

Phay tinh: n =

+Lng chy dao rng: Phay th: fz = 0.4 mm/rng Phay tinh: fz = 0.2 mm/rng + Vn tc chy dao: Vf = fz . n . Z(mm/pht) Phay th: Vf = 0,4.1590.3 = 1908 mm/pht Phay tinh: Vf = 0,2.1910.3 = 1146 mm/pht Bc 6: Khoan 5 l 16 Chn dao MWE 16000SA ca hng Mitsubishi

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Ch ct nh sau:

Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph) Tc trc chnh : n =

Vc.1000 90.1000 = 1790 (vg/pht) .D1 .16

Lng chy dao : F=0,35(mm/vg)

Bc 7: Khoan 2 l 8

Chn dao MWE0800SA

Ch ct: Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph)

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Tc trc chnh : n =

Vc.1000 90.1000 = 1790 (vg/pht) .D1 .16

Lng chy dao : F=0,25(mm/vg) Bc 8: Phay ph 2 l 62 Bc 9: Phay tinh 2 l 62 Chn dao VC4MCD1600 c cc thng s sau:

Ch ct khi phay ph nh sau: Tc trc chnh : n=2400 |(vg/ph) Vn tc chy dao: Vf = 550 (mm/ph) Chiu su ct: t=2 (mm) Ch ct khi phay tinh nh sau: Tc trc chnh: n= 3200 (vg/ph) Vn tc chy dao: Vf=200 (mm/ph) Chiu su ct t= 0.2 (mm) Bc 10: Khoan 2 l 20 Chn mi khoan MWE1950SA ca hng Mitshubishi

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Ch c ct:

Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph) Tc trc chnh : n =

Vc.1000 90 .1000 = 1500 (vg/pht) .D1 .19 ,5

Lng chy dao : F=0,35(mm/vg) Bc 11: Doa 2 l 20

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GVHD:NGUYN PHM TH NHN

Ch ct : Chn dao doa tinh c ng knh 20 Ch ct: Tc ct S=150m/pht Lng chy dao F= 0.1 mm/vng Bc 12 : Khoan l 17,2

Chn dao MWE1720SA

Ch ct: Vn tc ct : Vc=90 (m/ph) Tc trc chnh : n =

Vc.1000 90 .1000 = 1500 (vg/pht) .D1 .19 ,5

Lng chy dao : F=0,35(mm/vg) Bc 13 : Taro ren M20x2

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Ch ct: Tc trc chnh : n=300vg/ph Lng tin dao :150( mm/ph) Bc 14 tng t bc 12 Bc 15 tng t bc 13

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