1. Khi qut nhm halogen Cu 1: Dy no sau y c sp xp theo th t tnh phi kim tng dn A. Si < C < O < Cl B.

Si < C < Cl < O C. C < Si < O < Cl D. C < Si < Cl < O . Cu 2: Dy no sau y c sp xp theo th t tnh phi kim gim dn trong dy halogen A. Cl > Br > F > I B. Br > Cl > F > I C. I > Br > Cl > F D. F > Cl > Br > I Cu 3: Nhng nguyn t nhm no sau y c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns2np5? A. Nhm IVA. B. Nhm VA C. Nhm VIA D. Nhm VIIA. Cu 4: Cc nguyn t halogen u c A. 3e lp electron lp ngoi cng. B. 5e lp electron lp ngoi cng. C. 7e lp electron lp ngoi cng. D. 8e lp electron lp ngoi cng. Cu 5: Cho cc ion c cng cu hnh electron: F-, Na+, O2-. Dy c trt t bn knh cc ion gim dn l A. Na+, F-, O2; B. F-, O2,Na+; 2 + C. O ,Na ,F ; D. O2,F-,Na+. Cu 6: Trong cc halogen, clo l nguyn t A. C m in ln nht B. C tnh phi kim mnh nht C. Tn ti trong v Tri t (di dng hp cht) vi tr lng ln nht. D. C s xi ho - 1 trong mi hp cht. Cu 7: Trong nhng cu sau y, cu no khng chnh xc: A. Halogen l nhng phi kim in hnh, chng ln cht oxi ho mnh B. Trong hp cht, cc halogen u c th c s oxi ho: -1, + 1, + 3, + 5, +7. C. Kh nng oxi ho ca halogen gim dn t flo n it. D. Cc halogen kh ging nhau v tnh cht ho hc. Cu 9: Trong cc tnh cht sau, tnh cht no khng phi l chung cho cc halogen ? A. Nguyn t ch c kh nng kt hp vi mt electron. B. To ra vi hiro hp cht c lin kt phn cc. C. C s oxi ho - 1 trong mi hp cht. D. Lp electron ngoi cng ca nguyn t c 7 electron. Cu 11: Trong cc tnh cht sau, nhng tnh cht no l chung cho cc n cht halogen A. Phn t gm 2 nguyn t B. C tnh oxi ho C. C tnh kh D. Tc dng mnh vi nc. Cu 13: Dy axit no sau y sp xp ng theo th t gim dn tnh axit ? A. HI > HBr > HCl > HF B. HF > HCl > HBr >HI C. HCl > HBr > HI > HF D. HCl > HBr > HF > HI. Cu 14: Dy ion no sau y sp xp ng theo th t gim dn tnh kh ? A. F- > Cl- > Br- > I-. B. I- > Br- > Cl- > FC. Br > I > Cl > F . D. Cl- > F- > Br- > I-. Cu 16: Trong dy 4 dung dch axit HF, HCl, HBr, HI: A. Tnh axit gim dn t tri qua phi. B. Tnh axit bin i khng theo quy lut. C. Tnh axit tng dn t tri qua phi D. Tnh axit nh nhau. Cu 17: Dy cht no cho di y trong phn t u c cng loi lin kt ho hc? A. HF, H2S, HCl, KCl B. AlCl3, HClO, KF, H2O C. NaF, Na2O, LiCl, KBr D. AlCl3, NaCl, NH4Cl, KI. Cu 19: Trong cc nguyn t di y, nguyn t ca nguyn t no c xu hng kt hp vi electron mnh nht ? A. Photpho. B. Cacbon. C. Clo D. Bo. Cu 22: Cht ch c tnh oxi ho l A. Flo B. Clo C. Brom D. Iot Cu 23: Trong cc n cht di y, n cht no khng th hin tnh kh A. Cl2 B. F2 C. Br2 D. l2.

Cu 24: Tnh kh ca cc axit halogenhyric gim dn t A. HI, HF, HCl, HBr B. HF, HCl, HBr, HI C. HI, HCI, HBr, HF D. HI, HBr, HCl, HF. II. BI TP Cu 1: Hai ming st c khi lng bng nhau v bng 2,8 gam. Mt ming cho tc dng vi Cl 2 v 1 ming tc dng vi dung dch HCl. Tng khi lng mui Clorua thu c l A. 14,475 gam B. 16,475 gam C. 17,475 gam D. Kt qu khc Cu 2: Cho 1,12 lt kh clo (ktc) vo dung dch NaOH 1M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc, th tch dung dch NaOH cn dng l A. 0,1 lt B. 0,15 lt C. 0,12 lt D. 0,3 lt. Cu 3: Ngm mt l kim loi c khi lng c khi lng 50 gam trong dung dch HCl, sau khi thu c 336ml kh H2 (ktc) th khi lng l kim loi gim 1,68%. Kim loi dng l A. Al B. Mg C. Fe D. Zn. A. 4 gam B. 4,5 gam C. 5,4 gam D. 3 gam Cu 5: Cho 200g dung dch HX (X: halogen) nng 14,6%. trung ho dung dch trn cn 250ml dung dch NaOH 3,2M. Axit HX l A. HF B. HCl C. HBr D. HI Cu 6: Cho 100g dung dch HCl C% tc dng ht vi Mg (d) to ra 5,6 lt H2(ktc). Gi tr C l A. 16,25 B. 17,25 C. 18,25 D. 19,25 Cu 7: Nhit phn hon ton 2,45 gam mt mui v c X thu c 672ml O2 ( ktc). Phn cht rn cn li cha 52,35% kali v 47,65% clo. Cng thc phn t ca mui X l A. KClO B. KClO2 C. KClO3 D. KClO4. Cu 8: t chy mt kim loi trong bnh ng Cl2 thu c 32,5 gam mui clorua, nhn thy th tch kh Cl2 trong bnh gim 6,72 lt (ktc). Kim loi cn xc nh l: A. Al B. Cu C. Fe D. Mg. Cu 9: Cho hn hp Mg v CaCO3 tan trong dung dch HCl va to ra 2,24 lt (ktc). Tng s mol ca hai cht trong hn hp l: A. 0,15 mol B. 0,2 mol C. 0,1 mol D. 0,3 mol. Cu 10: Cht X l mui canxi halogenua. Cho dung dch cha 0,2 gam X tc dng bc nitrat thu c 0,376 gam kt ta bc halogenua. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. CaCl2 B. CaBr2 C. Cal2 D. CaF2. Cu 11: Cho 0,9532 gam mui clorua kim loi M tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 thu c 2,7265 gam kt ta (hiu sut 95%). Khi lng mol kim loi M l: A. 40,08 gam/mol B. 24,32 gam/mol C. 22,9 gam/mol D. 26,98 gam/mol. Cu 14: Mt hn hp X gm Cl2 v O2. X phn ng va ht vi 9,6 gam Mg v 16,2 gam Al to ra 74,1 gam hn hp mui clorua v oxit. Thnh phn % theo th tch ca Cl2 trong X l : A. 50% B. 55,56% C. 66,67% D. 44,44%. Cu 16: Cho 5,0g brom c ln clo vo dung dch cha 1,6g KBr. Sau phn ng lm bay hi dung dch th thu c 1,155g cht rn khan. Phn trm khi lng clo c trong 5,0g brom trn l: A. 13,1% B. 11,1% C. 9,1% D. 7,1%. Cu 19: Mt hn hp 2 kim loi kim A, B thuc hai chu k k tip ca bng HTTH c khi lng l 10,6 g. Khi tc dng vi hn hp Cl2 d cho hn hp 2 mui nng 31,9g. Cc cht A, B v khi lng mi kim loi trong hn hp trn l A. Na, K; mNa = 4,6g, mK = 6g B. Na, K; mNa = 2,3g, mK = 8,3g C. Li, Na; MLi = 0,7g, mNa = 9,9g D. Li, Na; mLi = 1,4g, mNa = 9,2g Cu 20: Cho 13,44 lt kh clo ( ktc) i qua 2,5 lt dung dch KOH 100 0C. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 37,25 gam KCl. Dung dch KOH trn c nng l A. 0,24 M B. 0,48 M C. 0,4 M D. 0,2 M Cu 21: Cho 1 lt hn hp cc kh H2, Cl2 v HCl i qua dung dch Kl, thu c 2,54 gam iot v cn li 1 th tch l 500ml (cc kh o cng iu kin phn ng). Thnh phn phn trm th tch cc kh c trong hn hp ln lt l :

A. 50 ; 22,4 ; 27,6 B. 25 ; 50 ; 25 C. 21 ; 34,5 ; 44,5 D. 30 ; 40 ; 30. Cu 27: Cho m gam bt Fe tc dng vi kh Cl2 sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c m + 12,789 gam hn hp X. Ho tan ht hn hp X trong nc cho n khi X tan ti a th thu c dung dch Y v 1,12 gam cht rn m c gi tr l A. 5,6 gam B. 11,2 gam C. 16,8 gam D. 8,4 gam. Cu 28: Dn hai lung kh clo i vo 2 dung dch: mt dung dch NaOH long, ngui, mt dung dch NaOH m c, un nng 1000C. Nu lng mui NaCl sinh ra trong 2 dung dch bng nhau th t l th tch clo i vo 2 dung dch trn l A. 5/6 B. 5/3 C. 6/3 D. 8/3 Cu 11: Thm 3,0 gam MnO2 vo 197,0 gam hn hp mui KCl v KClO3. Trn k v un nng hn hp n phn ng hon ton, thu c cht rn cn nng 152 g. Thnh phn % khi lng ca KClO 3 trong hn hp l A. 62,18% B. 61,28% C. 68,21% D. 68,12% Cu 2: in phn hon ton 33,3 gam mui ca mt kim loi M ho tr II, ngi ta thu c 6,72 lt kh clo (ktc). M l kim loi no sau y? A. Cu B. Mg C. Ca D. Zn Cu 7: Cho lng d dung dch AgNO3 tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp NaF 0,05M v NaCl 0,1M. Khi lng kt ta to thnh A. 1,345 gam B. 3,345 gam C. 2,87 gam D. 1,435 gam. Cu 9: 100ml dung dch A cha AgNO3 0,06M v Pb(NO3)2 0,05M tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch B cha NaCl 0,08M v KBr tnh nng mol ca KBr trong dung dch B v khi lng cht kt ta to ra trong phn ng gia hai dung dch A v B. Cho bit AgCl, AgBr, PbCl2, PbBr2 u rt t tan A. 0,016M ; 2,18g B. 0,08M ; 2,45g C. 0,08M ; 2,607g D. 0,008M ; 2,297g Cu 12: Cho 84,6 gam hn hp 2 mui CaCl2 v BaCl2 tc dng ht vi 1 lt dung dch cha Na2CO3 0,25M v (NH4)2CO3 0,75M sinh ra 79,1 gam kt ta. Thm 600ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1M vo dung dch sau phn ng. Khi lng kt ta v th tch kh bay ra l: A. 9,85 gam, 26,88 lt B. 98,5 gam, 26,88 lt C. 98,5 gam, 2,688 lt D. 9,85 gam, 2,688 lt. III. BI TP T LUN 1. CU HI Cu 1: Lm th no phn bit dung dch NaF v dung dch NaCl? Cu 2: Iot b ln tp cht l NaI. Lm th no loi b tp cht . Cu 3: Nu tnh cht ho hc chnh v ng dng ca nc Gia-ven, clorua vi. Cu 4: Nu nhng tnh cht vt l ca kh hiro clorua. Cu 5: Dn kh clo vo nc xy ra hin tng vt l hay ho hc? Gii thch Cu 6: Gii thch v sao cc nguyn t halogen khng c trng thi t do trong t nhin. Cu 7: Nu cc phn ng chng minh rng tnh oxi ho ca clo mnh hn brom v Iot. Cu 8: Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng xy ra trong qu trnh clorua vit vi v mui n. Cu 9: Trnh by phng php cng nghip sn xut flo, brom, iot. Cu 10: Nu cc phn ng chng minh rng tnh oxi ho ca clo mnh hn brom v iot. Cu 11: Lm th no phn bit dung dch natri florua v dung dch natri clorua ? Cu 12: Nu c iot ln tp cht l natri iotua th cch n gin nht c iot tinh khit l g ? Cu 13: Chng minh rng brom c tnh oxi ho yu hn clo v mnh hn iot. Cu 14: So snh tnh cht ho hc ca axit bromhiric vi axit flohiric v axit clohiric. Cu 15: Axit flohiric v mui florua c tnh cht g khc so vi axit clohiiric v mui clorua? Cu 16: Hy k hai phn ng ho hc c th minh ho cho nhn nh: Flo l phi kim mnh hn Clo. Cu 17: Kh oxi c ln tp cht l kh clo. Lm th no loi b tp cht . Cu 18: Lp PTHH ca cc phn ng gia hiro vi flo, clo, brom, iot v cho bit cc halogen ng vai tr g trong cc phn ng . Cu 19: S quan st c hin tng g khi ta thm dn dn nc clo vo dung dch kali iotua c cha sn mt t h tinh bt? Dn ra phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng m em bit. Cu 20: So snh tnhcht oxi ho ca cc n cht F2, Cl2, Br2, I2. Dn ra nhng phng trnh ho hc minh ho.

Cu 21: Phn ng ca cc n cht halogen vi nc xy ra nh th no? Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng, nu c. Cu 22: Sc kh Cl2 qua dung dch Na2CO3 thy c kh CO2 thot ra. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra. Cu 23: C cc cht sau: axit sunfuric c, nc, kali clorua rn. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng iu ch hiro clorua. Cu 24: Nu tnh cht ho hc c bn ca cc nguyn t halogen v gii thch chiu bin i tnh cht ho hc c bn . Cu 25: Hy cho bit tnh quy lut s bin i ca nhit nng chy, nhit si, mu sc, m in ca cc nguyn t halogen. Cu 26: Brom c ln mt t tp cht l clo. Lm th no thu c brom tinh khit. Vit phng trnh ho hc. Cu 27: Ti sao c th dng bnh thp ng kh clo kh m khng c dng bnh thp ng kh clo m? Cu 28: Nu phng php ho hc phn bit cc dung dch NaCl, NaBr, NaI. Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng. Cu 29: Nhng phn ng ho hc no c th xy ra khi cho kh flo i qua dung dch kali bromua trong nc ? Cu 30: Lm th no chng minh rng trong natri clorua c tp cht l natri iotua ? Lm th no loi b tp cht ? Cu 31: Hy nu ra cc phn ng chng minh rng tnh kh ca cc ion halogennua tng dn theo chiu: F- < Cl- < Br- < ICu 32: Hy nu ra cc phn ng chng minh rng iot c tnh oxi ho mnh nhng tnh oxi ho ca iot yu hn cc halogen khc. Cu 33: V sao khng th iu ch flo t florua bng phn ng ca florua vi cht oxi ho m phi dng phng php in phn? Cu 34: Hy vit ba phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng trao i gia axit clohiric vi ba loi hp cht khc nhau. Cu 35: Khi oxi iu ch bng cch nung kali clorat vi xc tc MnO 2 thng cha tp cht clo (ti 3%). Theo em c th dng cch no thu c oxi khng ln kh clo. Gii thch. Cu 36: iu ch hiro iotua, ngi ta thu phn photpho triiotua (PI 3). Hy vit phng trnh ho hc, bit rng khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh. Cu 37: Silic ioxit l mt cht rt tr v mt ho hc nhng n c phn ng vi HF v vi F2. Hy vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. Cu 38: Mt ng th nghim hnh tr c mt t hi brom. Mun hi thot ra nhanh cn t ng ng thng hay p ngc ng v treo trn gi ? V sao. Cu 39: iu ch flo, ngi ta phi in phn dung dch kali florua trong hiro florua lng c lm sch nc. V sao phi trnh s c mt ca nc ? Cu 40: Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng t chy photpho trong kh flo bit rn photpho th hin ho tr nh khi chy trong oxi. Ghi tn sn phm ca phn ng. Cu 41: V sao trong cc hp cht, flo lun c s oxi ho m cn cc halogen khc, ngoi s oxi ho m cn c s oxi ho dng? Cu 42: Cho mt lung kh Cl2 qua dung dch KBr KBr mt thi gian di. C th c nhng phn ng ho hc no xy ra? Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng . Cu 43: Ly mt bnh cu ng y nc clo p ngc trn chu ng nc clo ri a c bnh v chu ra ngoi nh sng mt tri. Kh g sinh ra v t li y bnh cu ? Cu 44: Bng th nghim no c th kim tra c kh nit c ln tp cht sau y hay khng? a) Clo b) Hiro clorua. Hy vit cc phng trnh ho hc. Cu 45: c tn cc hp cht di y v cho bit s oxi ho ca clo trong mi hp cht : Cl2O ; HClO2 ; Cl2O ; Cl2O7 ; HClO ; Cl2O3, HClO4, HClO3, KCl, NaClO, Ca(ClO)2, KClO3, KClO3, CaOCl2. Cu 46: Thi kh clo i qua dung dch natri cacbonat, ngi ta thy c kh cacbonic thot ra. Hy gii thch hin tng bng cc phng trnh ho hc. Cu 47: Mui n b ln cc tp cht l Na2SO4, MgCl2, CaCl2 v CaSO4. Hy trnh by phng php ho hc loi b cc tp cht. Vit cc phn ng xy ra.

Cu 48: iu ch HCl ngi ta cho NaCl tc dng vi axit sunfuric c. Ti sao khng dng phng php tng t iu ch HBr ? Ngi ta iu ch HBr bng cch no ? Cu 49: Ngi ta c th iu ch iot bng cch cho axit sunfuric c tc dng vi hn hp rn NaI v MnO2. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc v ch r vai tr ca tng cht trong phn ng. Cu 50: C bn bnh khng dn nhn, mi bnh cha mt trong cc dung dch HCl, HNO3, KCl, KNO3. Hy trnh by phng php ho hc phn bit dung dch cha trong mi bnh. Cu 51: C hai hiro halogenua d tan trong nc, dung dch thu c tc dng vi dung dch bc nitrat to ra kt ta mu vng. Dng phng php ho hc no c th phn bit hai kh . Cu 52: Cho bit tnh cht ho hc c bn ca nguyn t clo. Gii thch v sao nguyn t clo c tnh cht ho hc c bn . Cho v d minh ho. Cu 53: Bn cht ca cc phn ng iu ch hiro clorua bng phng php sunfat v phng php tng hp khc nhau nh th no? Cc phng php trn da vo xntnh cht ho hc no ca cc cht tham gia phn ng? Cu 54: Mangan ioxit (MnO2) c dng khi iu ch oxi t kali clorat (KClO3) v c dng khi iu ch clo t dung dch axit clohiric (HCl). Hy cho bit vai tr MnO2 trong mi qu trnh . Cu 55: iu ch kh hiro clorua, ngi ta cho mui NaCl tc dng vi axit H2SO4 c, nng. Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng xy ra v gii thch v sao phi dng mui tinh th v axit m c. Cu 56: C hai nguyn t halogen khi dng n cht u c hi vi c th ngi nhng dng hp cht mui natri li cn thit i vi c th ngi. Hy cho bit tn 2 nguyn t l tn hp cht mui natri ca chng. Cu 57: V sao ngi ta c th iu ch Cl2, Br2, I2 bng cch cho hn hp H2SO4 c v MnO2 tc dng vi mui clorua, bromua, iotua nhng khng th p dng phng php ny iu ch F 2 ? Bng cch no c th iu ch c F2 ? Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng. Cu 58: Cho kh clo i qua dung dch natri bromua, ta thy dung dch c mu vng. Tip tc cho kh clo i qua, ta thy dung dch mt mu. Ly vi git dung dch sau th nghim nh ln giy qu tm th giy qu ho . Hy gii thch cc hin tng v vit cc phng trnh ho hc. Cu 59: Mui n khng nhng c tm quan trng trong i sng hng ngy ca con ngi m cn l nguyn liu sn xut natri hiroxit, clo, axit clohiric. Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng dng sn xut cc cht trn. Cu 60: C 4 bnh khng ghi nhn, mi bnh cha mt trong cc dung dch sau : Natri clorua, natri nitrat, bari clorua v bari nitrat. Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit tng dung dch cha trong mi bnh. Cu 61: Nu cho NaCl rn tc dng vi H2SO4 c, ta thu c kh HCl.Nu thay NaCl bng NaI, ta khng thu c HI m thu c I2 rn cng vi kh H2S. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng gia NaI v H2SO4 c. l loi phn ng g ? V sao NaI tham gia loi phn ng ny m NaCl li khng ? Cu 62: Cho kh clo sc qua dung dch kali iotua, mt thi gian di sau ngi ta dng h tinh bt xc nhn s c mt ca iot t do nhng khng thy mu xanh. Hy gii thch hin tng va nu, vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. Cu 63: Khhiro, thu c bng phng php in phn dung dch NaCl, i khi b ln tp cht l kh clo. kim tra xem khhiro c ln clo hay khng, ngi ta thi kh qua mt dung dch c cha kali iotua v tinh bt. Hy gii thch v sao ngi ta lm nh vy. Cu 64: C ba bnh khng ghi nhn, mi bnh ng mt trong cc dung dch NaCl, NaBr v NaI.Ch dng hai thuc th (khng dng AgNO3), lm th no xc nh dung dch cha trong mi bnh ? Vit phng trnh ho hc. Cu 65: Chia mt dung dch nc brom c mu vng thnh hai phn. Dn kh A khng mu i qua phn mt th dung dch mt mu. Dn kh B khng mu i qua phn hai th dung dch sm mu hn. Hy cho bit kh A v kh B c th l nhng cht g? Vit cc phng trnh ho hc. Cu 66: Cho hn hp A gm Cu v Mg vo dung dch HCl d thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc) khng mu v mt cht rn khng tan B. Dng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng ho tan hon ton cht rn B thu c 2,24 lt kh SO2 (ktc). a) Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng xy ra. b) Tnh khi lng hn hp A ban u. Cu 67: Hy chn na s phn ng ct II ghp vi na s phn ng ct I cho ph hp. Ct I Ct II

4) HCl + HClO 5) KClO4 + KCl 2 6) HCl + H2) 0 e) KClO3 t 7) K + Cl2 + O2 Cu 68: Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng trong s bin i sau (ghi y iu kin phn ng)
t d) KClO3 MnO
0

a) Cl2 + H2O b) Cl2 + NaOH(dd) 0 c) Cl2 + NaOH(dd) t

1) KCl + O2 2) NaCl + NaClO3 + H2O 3) NaCl + NaClO + H2O

Nc Gia - ven
(2)

(1) Cl2 (3) HClO ( 4) HCl ( 5) AgCl ( 6) Ag NaCl dpnc

Cu 69: Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng thc hin dy bin ho : NaCl HCl Cl2 KClO3 KCl Cl2 CaOCl2 Cu 70: Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng thc hin cc bin i di y v ghi r iu kin phn ng (nu c) : a) HCl Cl2 FeCl3 NaCl HCl CuCl2 AgCl KClO HClO Cl2 b) KCl Cl2 KClO3 KClO AgCl c) CaF2 HF F2 OF2 CuF2 HF SiF4 d) Br2 PBr3 HBr Br2 HBrO3 KBrO3 . e) HI I2 NaI I2 HIO3 NaIO3. Cu 71: Hon thnh cc phng trnh ho hc di y v nu r vai tr ca clo trong mi phn ng: a) FeCl2 + Cl2 FeCl3 b) Cl2 + SO2 + H2O HCl + H2SO4. c) KOH + Cl2 KCl + KClO3 + H2O d) Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 Ca(ClO)2 + CaCl2 + H2O. Cu 72: Axit clohiric c th tham gia vo phn ng oxi ho - kh v ng vai tr: a) Cht oxi ho b) Cht kh. Vi mi trng hp , hy nu ra hai th d minh ho. Cu 73: Trong s cc axit c oxi ca halogen, c cc hp cht HClO4, HBrO4 v HIO4. a) Hy cho bit tn ca cc hp cht trn. b) Hy sp xp cc hp cht trn theo tnh axit tng dn. Cu 74: Mui n b ln cc tp cht l Na2SO4, MgCl2, CaCl2 v CaSO4. Hy trnh by phng php ho hc loi b cc tp cht, thu c NaCl tinh khit. Vit phng trnh ho hc phn ng. Cu 75: Ngi ta c th iu ch brom bng cch cho axit sunfuric c tc dng vi hn hp rn KBr v MnO2. a) Vit phng trnh ho hcv cho bit vai tr ca tng cht trong phn ng. b) Tnh khi lng ca mi cht cn dng iu ch 32 g brom. Cu 76: Vit phng trnh ho hc thc hin cc bin ho: FeCl2

HCl

NaCl

Cu 77: Ngi ta c th iu ch KCl bng: a) mt phn ng ho hp; b) mt phn ng phn hu; c) mt phn ng trao i; d) mt phn ng th. - Hy dn ra phn ng cho mi trng hp trn. - Trng hp no l phn ng oxi ho - kh? S oxi ho ca nguyn t clo thay i nh th no?

Cu 78: Vit phng trnh ho hc c phn ng thc hin cc bin ho di y, ghi tn cc cht v iu kin ca phn ng. NaClO

CaOCl2 Cl2 KClO3 Cu 79: Hy cho bit tn ca cc cht A, B, C bit rng chng tham gia cc phn ng c ghi bng cc s sau. Bit A l cht kh iu kin tiu chun. A + H2 B A + H2O B + C A + H2O + SO2 B+ C B+ Hy vit phng trnh ho hc y ca cc phn ng. Cu 80: Cn bng phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng oxi ho - kh sau bng phng php thng bng electron: a) KMnO4 + HCl KCl + MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O b) HNO3 + HCl NO + Cl2 + H2O c) HClO3 + HCl Cl2 + H2O d) PbO2 + HCl PbCl2 + Cl2 + H2O. Cu 81: C nhng s phn ng ho hc sau: a) Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO

CaOCl2 CaCl2 + O2. Cu 82: Hon thnh PTHH ca cc phn ng sau v nhn xt v s oxi ho ca cc halogen trong hp cht thu c F2H2 HF Cl2 + Fe t FeCl3 Ca+Br2 CaBr2 I2 + Al xtH2O All3. Cu 83: Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t halogen trong cc cht sau v rt ra nhn xt v s oxi ho ca chng trong cc hp cht a) F2, HF, N, BaF2. b) Cl2, HCl, NaCl, NaClO, NaClO2, NaClO3, NaClO4. c) Br2, HBr, NaBr, HBrO, HBrO2, HBrO3, KBrO4. d) I2, HI, NaI, HIO, HIO2, HIO3, HIO4. Cu 84: Cho ba cht: kh Cl2, bt Fe, dung dch HCl. Vit cc phn ng biu din s sau:
0

b) c) d) e) f)

CaOCl2 + HCl CaCl2 + Cl2 + H2O Cl2 + KOH t KCl + KClO3 + H2O HCl + KClO3 KCl + Cl2 + H2O NaClO + CO2 + H2O NaHCO3 + HClO
0

FeCl2 (1) (2) Fe FeCl3 Cu 85: Hy dn ra nhng phn ng ho hc ca axit clohiric lm th d: a) l nhng phn ng oxi ho - kh. b) khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh. Cu 86: Bng phng php ho hc no c th a) xc nh cc khclo ln trong kh hiro clorua ? b) thu c kh clo t hn hp kh cu a ? c) thu c kh hiro clorua t hn hp kh cu a ? Vit PTHH ca cch phn ng xy ra. Cu 87: C 4 l khng c nhn ng ring bit cc mui : KF, KCl, KBr, KI. Hy cho bit : a) Cch phn bit mui ng trong mi l bng phng php ho hc. b) T nhng mui , iu ch cc halogen tng ng v cc hiro halogenua tng ng. Cu 88: C 5 bnh mi bnh cha mt trong cc cht kh clo, hiro, nit, oxi, kh cacbonic. Khng dng n phn ng ho hc, lm th no nhn ra c bnh cha clo trong trng hp : a) Cc bnh u c lm bng thu tinh khng mu ? b) Cc bnh u c lm bng thu tinh sm mu ? Cu 89: Dn kh clo vo : a) Dung dch KOH nhit thng ; b) Dung dch KOH un nng n gn 1000C. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng xy ra trong mi trng hp. Cho bit vai tr ca clo trong mi phn ng oxi ho - kh . cht trn: a) Mt cht lng nhit phng; b) Mt cht c trong nc bin nhng khng c trong nc nguyn cht; c) Mt cht kh mu vng lc; d) Mt cht b phn hu bi nh sng mt tri; e) Mt cht kh khng mu to khi trong khng kh m; f) Mt hp cht c dng bo qun thc phm; g) Mt cht kh khi tan trong nc tc dng dn vi nc to ra hai axit; h) Mt cht rn khi c un nng bin thnh kh mu tm; i) Mtcht kh ty trng giy mu m. Cu 90: So snh nhng nguyn t halogen v cc mt sau: a) Cu to nguyn t v cu to phn t. b) Tnh cht vt l. c) Tnh cht ho hc. Cu 91: Mui NaCl c ln tp cht l NaI. a) Lm th no chng minh rng trong mui NaCl ni trn c ln tp cht NaI? b) Lm th no c NaCl tinh khit. Cu 92: Mt nguyn t halogen c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t l 4s24p5 a) Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t y ca nguyn t trn. b) Cho bit tn, k hiu v cu to phn t ca nguyn t ho hc ny. c) Nu tnh cht ho hc c bn ca nguyn t ny v dn ra nhng phn ng ho hc minh ho. d) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca nguyn t ny vi 2 nguyn t halogen khc ng trn v di n trong nhm halogen v dn ra phn ng ho hc minh ho. Cu 93: C nhng cht sau: KMnO4, MNO2, K2Cr2O7 v dung dch HCl. a) Nu cc cht oxi ho c khi lng bng nhau th chn cht no c th iu ch c lng kh clo nhiu hn? (3)

b) Nu cc cht oxi ho c s mol bng nhau th chn cht no c th iu ch c lng kh clo nhiu hn? Hy tr li bng cch tnh ton trn c s ca cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. Cu 94: Hn hp rn A cha kali bromua v kali iotua. Cho hn hp A vo nc brom (ly d). Sau khi phn n xong, lm bay hi dung dch v nung nng ta c sn phm rn khan B. Khi lng ca B nh hn khi lng Am gam. Cho sn phm B vo nc clo (ly d). Sau khi phn ng xong, lm bay hi dung dch v sy kh ta c sn phm rn khan C. Khi lng ca C nh hn khi lng ca B m gam. Tnh phn trm khi lng tng cht trong A. Cu 95: Iot c bn trn th trng thng c cha cc tp cht l clo, brom v nc. tinh ch loi iot ngi ta nghin n vi kali iotua v vi sng ri nung hn hp trong cc c y bng mt bnh c cha nc lnh. Khi iot s bm vo y bnh. Hy gii thch cch lm ni trn. Vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. Cu 96: Trong phng th nghim c cc ho cht: NaCl, MnO2, NaOH v H2SO4 c, ta c th iu ch c nc Gia-ven khng? Vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng. Cho bit nhng phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho - kh v vai tr ca cc cht tham gia phn ng oxi ho - kh. Hon thnh phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. 2. BI TP Cu 1: Tnh khi lng nguyn t clo c trong 2 tn mui n cha 98% NaCl. Cu 10: Tnh khi lng mui NaCl v mui NaI cn thit c 10 tn mui n cha 2,5% NaI. Cu 3: Nu mt lt nc ho tan 350 lt kh hiro bromua ( ktc) th nn phn trm ca dung Cu 4: Tnh khi lng canxi florua cn dng iu ch 2,5 kg dung dch axit flohiric 40%. Bit rng hiu sut phn ng l 80%. Cu 5: Ho tan 11,20 lt (ktc) kh HCl vo m gam dung dch axit clohiric 16%, ngi ta thu c dung dch axit clohiric 21,11%. Hy tnh khi lng m. Cu 6: C 185,40 g dung dch axit clohiric 10,00%. Cn ho tan thm vo dung dch bao nhiu lt kh hiro clorua ( ktc) thu c dung dch axit clohiric 16,57%. Cu 7: t chy nhm trongkh clo, ngi ta thu c 26,7 g nhm clorua. Tnh khi lng nhm v th tch clo ( ktc) tham gia phn ng. Cu 8: Cho lng d dung dch AgNO3 tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp NaF 0,05M v NaCl 0,1M. Vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng xy ra v tnh khi lng kt ta thu c. Cu 9: Xc nh nng mol ca dung dch KI bit rng 200 ml dung dch tc dng ht vi kh Cl 2 th gii phng 76,2 g I2. Cu 10: iu kin tiu chun, 1 lt nc ho tan 350 lt kh HBr. Tnh nng phn trm ca dung dch axit bromhiric thu c. Cu 11: Tnh khi lng hiro clorua b oxi ho bi mangan ioxit, bit rng kh clo to thnh trong phn ng c th y c 12,7 g iot t dung dch natri iotua. Cu 12: Tnh khi lng ng v th tch kh clo (ktc) tham gia phn ng nu c 27g CuCl 2 to thnh sau phn ng. Cu 13: Cho 1,03 gam mui natri halogenua (A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c mt kt ta, kt ta ny sau khi phn hu hon ton cho 1,08 gam bc. Xc nh tn ca mui A. Cu 14: Tnh khi lng CaF2 cn dng iu ch 2,5 kg dung dch axit flohiric nng 40%. Bit hiu sut phn ng l 80%. Cu 15: Tnh khi lng HCl b oxi ho bi MnO2, bit rng khCl2 sinh ra trong phn ng c th y c 12,7g I2 t dung dch NaI. Cu 16: iu ch flo, ngi ta phi in phn dung dch KF trong hiro florua lng c loi b ht nc. V sao phi trnh s c mt ca nc? Cu 17: Trong phng th nghim c canxi oxit, nc, MnO2, axit H2SO4 70% (D = 1,61 g/cm3) v NaCl. Hi cn phi dng nhng cht g v vi lng cht l bao nhiu iu ch 254 g clorua vi? Cu 18: Cht A l mui canxi halogenua. Cho dung dch cha 0,200g A tc dng vi lng d dung dch bc nitrat th thu c 0,376 g kt ta bc halogenua. Hy xc nh cng thc cht A. Cu 19: Cho 19,05 g hn hp KF v KCl tc dng ht vi dung dch H 2SO4 c thu c 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Xc nh thnh phn % theo khi lng ca hn hp mui. Cu 20: Xc nh nng phn trm ca dung dch KBr bit rng 4,48 lt kh clo (ktc) tc dng ht vi KBr c trong 88,81 ml dung dch KBr (c D = 1,34 g/m).

Cu 21: Trong mt loi nc clo 250C, ngi ta thy nng ca Cl2 l 0,061 mol/l cn nng HCl v HClO u l 0,030 mol/l. Hi phi ho tan bao nhiu lt kh clo (ly ktc) vo nc thu c 5 lt nc clo nh trn Cu 22: Cho 10.000 lt H2 v 6,720 lt Cl2 (iu kin tiu chun) tc dng vi nhau ri ho tan sn phm vo 385,400g nc ta thu c dung dch A. Ly 50.000 g dung dch A cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 (ly d) thu c 7,175 g kt ta.Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng gia H2 v Cl2. Cu 23: Ho tan hon ton hn hp kh gm hiro clorua v hiro bromua vo nc, ta thu c dung dch cha hai axit vi nng phn trm bng nhau. Hy tnh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh ban u. Kh Clo tc dng vi st, to nn 16,25g FeCl3? Cu 24: Hn hp kh A gm clo v oxi. A phn ng va ht vis mt hn hp gm 4,80g magie v 8,10g nhm to ra 37,05 g hn hp cc mui clorua v oxit ca hai kim loi. Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng v theo th tch ca hn hp A. Cu 25: Trong vic sn xut brom t cc bromua c trong t nhin, thu c mt tn brom phi dng ht 0,6 tn clo. Hi vic tiu hao clo nh vy vt bao nhiu phn trm so vi lng cn dng theo l thuyt? Cu 26 : Nguyn t R to thnh hp cht RH4 trong hyro chim 25% khi lng v nguyn t R to thnh hp cht RO2 trong oxi chim 50% v khi lng. a) R v R l nhng nguyn t no ? b) Mt lt kh RO2 nng hn mt lt kh RH4 bao nhiu ln (cng nhit , p sut). c) Nu ktc, V1 lt CH4 nng bng V2 lt SO2 th t l

V1 bng bao nhiu ln? V2

Cu 27: Tnh th tch kh clo thu c iu kin tiu chun khi: a) cho 7,3 g HCl tc dng ht vi MnO2. b) cho 7,3 g HCl tc dng ht vi KMnO2. Cu 28: Cho 0,6 lt kh clo phn ng vi 0,4 lt kh hiro. a) Tnh th tch kh HCl thu c (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). b) Tnh thnh phn % v th tch ca cc kh c trong hn hp sau phn ng. Cu 29: Cho 300 ml mt dung dch c ho tan 5,85 g NaCl tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch c ho tan 34g AgNO3, ngi ta thu c mt kt ta v nc lc. a) Tnh khi lng cht kt ta thu c. b) Tnh nng mol ca cht cn li trong nc lc. Cho rng th tch nc lc thu c thay i khng ng k. Cu 30: Cho 69, 6 g MnO2 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c, d. Dn kh thot ra i vo 500ml dung dch NaOH 4M ( nhit thng). a) Vit phng trnh ho hc ca cc phn ng xy ra. b) Xc nh nng mol ca nhng cht c trong dung dch sau phn ng. Bit rng th tch ca dung dch sau phn ng thay i khng ng k. Cu 31: Tnh nng ca hai dung dch axit clohiric trong cc trng hp sau: a) Cn phi dng 150 ml dung dch HCl kt ta hon ton 200 g dung dch AgNO3 8,5%. b) Khi cho 50g dung dch HCl vo mt cc ng NaHCO3 (d) th thu c 2,24 lt kh iu kin tiu chun. Cu 32: Khi b un nng, kali clorat ng thi phn hu theo hai cch: a) To oxi v kali clorua; b) To ra kali peclorat v kali clorua. - Vit cc phng trnh ho hc. - Tnh xem c bao nhiu phn trm v khi lng kali clorat phn hu theo phn ng (a) v phn ng (b), bit rng khi phn hu 73,5 g kali clorat, thu c 33,5 g kali clorua. Cu 33: Cho 25 g nc clo vo mt dung dch c cha 2,5 g KBr ta thy dung dch chuyn sang mu vng v KBr vn cn d. a) Gii thch hin tng b) Sau th nghim,nu ta c cn dung dch th cn li 1,61 g cht rn khan.Gi s ton b clo trong nc d phn ng, hy tnh nng phn trm ca clo trong nc clo. c) Tnh khi lng tng cht trong cht rn khan thu c.

Cu 34: Ngi ta lm n hn hp kh cha : a) 50% hiro v 46% clo (v th tch); b) 54% clo v 46% hiro (v th tch) Hn hp kh thu c trong tng trn hp c dn vo bnh cha nc c pha thm dung dch qu xanh. Hi s quan st thy hin tng g ? Gii thch. Cu 35: 11,2 lt (ktc) hn hp kh A gm clo v oxi tc dng va ht vi 16,98 g hn hp B gm magie v nhm to ra 42,34 g hn hp clorua v oxit ca hai kim loi. a) Tnh thnh phn phn trm v th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp A. b) Tnh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp B. Cu 36: Khi in phn dung dch mui n bo ho sn xut xt, ngi ta thu c 560 lt kh clo iu kin tiu chun. Tnh khi lng mui n cha 98% NaCl dng in phn. Bit hiu sut ca qu trnh in phn l 100%. Cu 37: Cho mt lng halogen tc dng ht vi magie ta thu c 19 g magie halogenua. Cng lng halogen tc dng ht vi nhm to ra 17,8 g nhm halogenua. Hy xc nh tn v khi lng halogen ni trn. Cu 38: Cho mt lng n cht halogen tc dng ht vi magie thu c 19 g magie halogenua. Cng lng n cht halogen tc dng ht vinhom to ra 17,8 g nhm halogenua. Xc nh tn v khi lng n cht halogen ni trn. Cu 39: Mt dung dch c ho tan hai mui l NaBr v NaCl. Nng phn trm ca mi mui trong dung dch u bng nhau v bng C%. Hy xc nh nng C% ca hai mui trong dung dch, bit rng 50 g dung dch hai mui ni trn tc dng va vi 50ml dung dch AgNO3 8%, c khi lng ring D = 1,0625 g/cm3. Cu 40: Cho mt lng halogen X2 tc dng vimotj lng va kim loi M c ho tr I, ngi ta c 4,12 g hp cht A. Cng lng halogen tc dng htvi nhm to ra 3,56 hp cht B. Cn nu cho lng kim loi M ni trn tc dng ht vi lu hunh th thu c 1,56 g hp cht C. Hy xc nh tn cc nguyn t X v M, t vit cng thc cc cht A, B v C. Cu 41: Ngi ta c th iu ch c clo bng cch un nng hn hp cc cht c cng thc: KHSO 4, KCl, MnO2. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng iu ch clo bng phng php ny v phn tch vai tr ca tng cht trong phn ng. Cu 42: Cng sut ca mt thp tng hp hiro clorua l 25,00 tn hiro clorua trong mt ngy m. Tnh khi lng clo v hiro cn dng thu c khi lng HCl ni trn bit rng khi lng hiro cn dng ln hn 3% so vi khi lng tnh theo l thuyt. Cu 43: A v B l hai dung dch axit clohiric c nng khc nhau. Trn ln 1 lt A vi 3 lt B,ta c 4 lt dung dch D. trung ho 10 ml dung dch D cn 15ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Trn ln 3 lt A vi 1 lt B, ta c 4 lt dung dch E. Cho 80ml dung dch E tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 (ly d) thu c 2,87 g kt ta. Tnh nng mol ca cc dung dch A, B, D, E. Cu 44: Cho 17,4 g MnO2 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl ly d. Ton b kh clo sinh ra c hp th ht vo 145,8 g dung dch NaOH 20% ( nhit thng) to ra dung dch A. Hi dung dch A c cha nhng cht tan no ?Tnh nng phn trm ca tng cht tan . Cu 45: Cho 6g brom c ln tp cht l clo vo mt dung dch c cha 1,6 g kali bromua v lc u th ton b clo d phn ng ht. Sau lm bay hi hn hp sau th nghim v sy kh cht rn thu c. Khi lng cht rn sau khi sy l 1,36g. Tnh hm lng phn trm ca clo trong loi brom ni trn. Cu 46: Cho 78 ml dung dch AgNO3 10% (khi lng ring 1,09 g/ml) vo mt dung dch c cha 3,88 g hn hp KBr v NaI. Lc b kt ta to thnh. Nc lc c th tc dng va ht vi13,3 ml dung dch HCl 1,5 mol/l. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn trm khi lng tng mui trong hn hp ban u v th tch hiro clorua ( ktc) cn dng to ra dung dch axit clohiric nu trn. Cu 47: Dung dch A c cha ng thi hai axit: HCl v H2SO4. trung ho 40 ml A cn dng va ht 60ml dung dch NaOH 1M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ho, thu c 3,76 g hn hp mui khan. Xc nh nng mol/l ca tng axit trong dung dch A. Cu 48: Cho 69,6 g mangan ioxit tc dng ht vi dung dch axit clohiric c. Ton b lng clo sinh ra c hp th ht vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 4M. Hy xc nh nng mol ca tng cht trong dung dch thu c sau phn ng. Coi th tch dung dch khng thay i. Cu 49: Nc bin cha mt lng nh mui natri bromua. Bng cch lm bay hi nc bin,ngi ta thu c dung dch cha NaBr vi hm lng 40g/lit. Cn dng bao nhiu lit dung dch v bao nhiu lit kh clo ( iu kin tiu chun) iu ch 3 lt brom lng (khi lng ring 3.12 kg/lt).

Cu 50: Thm 78ml dung dch bc nitrat 10% (khi lng ring 1,09 g/ml) vo mt dung dch c cha 3,88g hn hp kali bromua v natri iotua. Lc b kt ta. Nc lc phn ng va vi 13,3ml dung dch axit clohiric nng 1,5 mol/l. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn trm khi lng tng cht trong hn hp mui ban u v tnh th tch hiro clorua iu kin tiu chun cn dng to ra lng axit clohiric dng.