Thoat Nuoc - Ban Mau

N X l nc thi
GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi
nhim v thit k
nhiim v thit k
Song song vi mn hc "X l nc thi", sinh vin ngnh cp thot nc
phi lm n mn hc. Mc ch n l tp cho sinh vin lm quen
vi vic t chc x l v thit k cng trnh x l nc thi cho Thnh
ph, cng vic ny cng l mt phn cng vic tng i ln khi lm
n tt nghip.
Xut pht t mc ch , n mn hc "x l nc thi" ca em
c thy hng dn l PGS.TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi giao cho cc s liu v
nhim v bao gm:
I. Nhim v thit k:
Thit k s b trm x l nc thi cho thnh ph
k mt cng trnh ca trm.
v thit k
II. cc ti liu thit k:

1. Bn a hnh khu vc trm x l.
2. iu kin kh hu ca Thnh ph.
Hng gi ch o:
Nhit trung bnh nm ca Thnh ph:
3. S liu v nc thi ca Thnh ph:

a) Nc thi sinh hot:
Dn s Thnh ph:
ngi.
Tiu chun thi nc trung bnh:
l/ng.ng.
b) Nc thi sn xut:
S liu v nc thi
Tn nh my
Lu lng, m3/ng
Hm lng cht l lng,
mg/l
BOD5, mg/l
COD, mg/l
pH
SV: Nguyn Hu Ha, Ms 6263.44 - 44MN1
N X l nc thi
Nhit , 0C
Cc ti liu khc nh trong nhim v cho trong t nhim v thit k.
Xc nh cc thng s
tnh ton c bn
1. Lu lng nc tnh ton
1.1. Lu lng nc thi sinh hot
Trong :
N qo
QSH =
1000
40000
120
=
1000
= 4800 (m3/ng.)
N : S dn thnh ph
qo : Tiu chun thi nc thnh ph (l/ng.ng)
Lu lng trung bnh giy:
4800
86,4
QSHtb =
= 55,56 (l/s)
Theo bng h s khng iu ho ph thuc lu lng nc thi ta c h s

khng
iu
ha
Kch = 1,8
1.2. Lu lng nc thi sn xut
Nh my th nht : - Lu lng Q1sx = 2500 (m3/ng.)
Nh my th hai : -Lu lng Q2sx =2000 (m3/ng.)
1.3. Lu lng tnh ton nc thi thnh ph
Do khng bit r s liu v ngun thi nc thi cng nghip a phng
nn ta coi lu lng nc thi sn xut l phn phi u theo cc gi trong
ngy.
Lu lng tnh ton ngy m:
Qtt = 4800 +2500+ 2000 = 9300 (m3/ng.)
Lu lng tnh ton gi max:
4800
2500 + 2000
Qhmax =
1,8 +
24
24
s
q max = 152,58 (l/s)
=549,288 (m3/h)
Lu lng tnh ton gi min

N X l nc thi
Qhmin =4800 1,25 + 2500 + 2000

100
24
qsmax = 68,75 (l/s)
Lu lng tnh ton trung bnh:
= 247,5 (m3/h)
Qhtb = 107,64 (l/s)
Di y l Bng tng hp lu lng nc thi Thnh ph ng vi h s khng

iu ho K=1,8
Bng tng hp lu lng nc thi Thnh ph
Thi
gian
(ngy )
[[
Nc thi sinh hot
Nc thi
CN
Lu lng tng cng
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
4-5
5-6
6-7
7-8
8-9
9-10
10-11
11-12
12-13
13-14
14-15
15-16
16-17
%Qng
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
1,25
3,30
5,00
7,20
7,50
7,50
7,50
6,40
3,70
3,70
4,00
5,70
6,30
m3
60,00
60,00
60,00
60,00
60,00
158,40
240,00
345,60
360,00
360,00
360,00
307,20
177,60
177,60
192,00
273,60
302,40
m3
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
m3
247,50
247,50
247,50
247,50
247,50
345,90
427,50
533,10
547,50
547,50
547,50
494,70
365,10
365,10
379,50
461,10
489,90
%Qng
2,66
2,66
2,66
2,66
2,66
3,72
4,60
5,73
5,89
5,89
5,89
5,32
3,93
3,93
4,08
4,96
5,27
17-18
18-19
19-20
20-21
21-22
22-23
23-24
Cng
6,30
6,30
5,25
3,40
2,20
1,25
1,25
100
302,40
302,40
252,00
163,20
105,60
60,00
60,00
4800,00
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
187,50
4500,00
489,90
489,90
439,50
350,70
293,10
247,50
247,50
9300,00
5,27
5,27
4,73
3,77
3,15
2,66
2,66
100,00
2. Xc nh nng cht bn
2.1. Nc thi sinh hot

Hm lng cn l lng c trong nc thi sinh hot
N X l nc thi
ashC 1000 55 1000

C =
=
= 458,33 (mg/l)
q0
120
sh
trong :
ashc : Tiu chun thi cn, i vi nc thi sinh hot
ashc = 50 55 (g/ng.ng)
Hm lng BOD c trong nc thi sinh hot :
aSHBOD 1000 35 1000
Lsh =
=
= 291,67 (mg/l)
q0
120
2.2. Nc thi sn xut
Nh my th nht : CxsI = 180 (mg/l)
LsxI = 250 (mg/l)
Nh my th hai
: CsxII =200 (mg/l)
LsxII =300 (mg/l)

2.3. Tng hp s liu
Hm lng cn l lng c trong hn hp nc thi
C
hh
SX
Csh Qsh + CSX
i Qi
QSH + QSX
i
458,33
4800+ 180 2500+ 200 2000
4800+ 2500+ 2000
=328 (mg/l)
=
Hm lng BOD c trong hn hp nc thi

L
hh
=
=
SX
Lsh Qsh + LSX
i Qi
QSH + QSX
i
200 4800+ 250 2500+ 300 2000

4800+ 2500+ 2000
= 282 (mg/l)
3. Xc nh dn s tnh ton
Dn s tnh ton : Ntt = Nthc + Nt
trong :
Nthc : Dn s thc ca thnh ph = 40000 (ngi)
Nt
: Dn s tng ng, l dn s c quy i ca thnh ph
Quy i theo hm lng cn l lng:

SX
C SX
180 2500+ 200 2000
i Qi
c
N t =
=
= 15455 (ngi)
SH
55
ac
Ntt = 40000 + 15455 = 55455 (ngi)
Quy i theo hm lng BOD:

N X l nc thi
BOD
QSX
i
SX
i
SH
BOD
250 2500+ 300 2000

= 35000 (ngi)
35
Ntt = 40000 + 35000 = 75000 (ngi)
Xc nh mc x l nc thi cn thit
La chn s dy chuyn cng ngh
1. Xc nh mc x l nc thi cn thit
1.1. Xc nh h s pha long nc ngun vi nc thi
(ngun pha long l nc sng)
Theo Frolop Rodginler ta c
a QS + q
n=
q
trong :
QS : Lu lng nc sng, Qs = 10 (m3/s)
q : Lu lng nc thi ln nht, q = 0,14268 (m3/s)
a : H s pha long c xc nh theo cng thc:
1 exp 3 x
a=
QS
1+
exp 3 x
q
trong :
x : Khong cch t im x n im tnh ton theo lch sng
: H s thc nghim , = 3 E
q
vi l h s khc khuu ca sng
x
1700
=
= 1,13
= x
1500
thng
h s ph thuc vo v tr x nc thi, =1 (thit k hng x n-
c thi gn b)
E l h s khuch tn ri E =
v H 0,7 3
=
= 0,0105
200
200
N X l nc thi
= 1,13 1 3 0,0105
0,14268= 0,475
Vy ta c :
1 exp 0,257 3 2500

a=
= 0,715
30
1+
exp 0,347 3 2500
0,76
a QS + q
0,802 10+ 0,14268
S ln pha long : n =
=
= 11 (ln)
q
0,14268
1.2. Xc nh mc x l nc thi cn thit

Theo hm lng cn l lng c :
a QS
+ 1 b + C ngun
Cn.thi =
q
trong :
Cnthai : Hm lng cn l lng sau khi x l

Cngun : Hm lng cn ca nc ngun trc khi x nc thi, Cngun = 8
(mg/l)
b : tng hm lng cn cho php, b = 0,75 1 (mg/l); chn b

=0,75 ( mg/l)
10
0,802
+ 1 0,75+ 8 = 47,86(mg/l)
0,15208
Cn.thi =
Mc cn thit lm sch theo hm lng cht l lng :

C hh C n.thi
D=
C hh
327,96
50,92
100%= 84,47 %
=
327,96
Theo hm lng BOD
LT =
a QS
L
L cf L ng 10K.t + cf
K.t
q 10
10K.t
trong :
t=
1700
x
(s)= 0,028(ngy)
= 0,7 = 2428,5
V
K : Hng s tc xy ho, K(26) = 0,132

Lcf : Hm lng BOD cho php, Lcf = 4 (mg/l) v ngun loi A
Lng : Hm lng BOD c trong nc ngun, Lng = 2 (mg/l)
Ta c:
LT =
0,802 10
4
4 2 100,10,028 + 0,10,028
0,10,028
0,15208
10
10
LT = 109,69 (mg/l)
N X l nc thi
Tuy vy, theo tiu chun 188-1996 quy nh nng gii hn cho php
ca BOD5 khi x nc thi vo ngun loi A l 20 (mg/l) nn vn phi ly lng
BOD cn x l =20 (mg/l) do hiu qu x l cn thit theo BOD:
EBOD =
L hh L T 282,26
20
=
100% = 92,91 %
L hh
282,26
Theo Oxy ho tan
Khng k n khuch tn Oxy b mt

Lnth =
a Q
2,5 0,802 10
( Ong 0,4Lng 4) 10=
( 7,8 0,4 2 4) 10
0,4 q
0,15208
Lnth = 19,88 (mg/l)

Mc cn thit phi x l
Dxy =
282,26
19,88
10000 = 92,9600
282,26
C k n lng xy khuych tn qua b mt

C:
Da = Obh - Ong = 8,027 - 7,80 = 0,227 (mg/l)

Dth = Obh - Oyc = 8,027 - 6,0 = 2,027 (mg/l)
Thay vo h phng trnh sau:

k1 L a
Dth = Dt =
(10-k1 t -10-k2 t ) + Da 10-k2
k2 k1
k D (k2 k1)
lg 2 1 a
k1 L a
k1
tth =
k2 k1
Gii h ny ta c La = 11,12 (mg/l); Lth = 523,96 (mg/l) ng vi thi gian tth

= 2,5 ngy.
Nh vy, nu k n xy khuych tn qua b mt th trong sng lun
m bo hm lng xy yu cu xong do x nc thi vo ngun loi A th lng Lnth,yc 20 (mg/l) v vy hm lng BOD tnh ton cng phi ly l 20
(mg/l). Do mc cn thit phi x l l:
EBOD =
L 0 L nth,tt
= 92,91%
100%
L0
Theo hm lng cht l lng l 85,41%

Theo BOD th mc x l l 92,91%
Theo hm lng OXY ho tan khng k n s khuch tn OXY b
mt
92,96%
N X l nc thi
Theo hm lng OXY ho tan c k n s khuch tn OXY b

mt
92,91%
2. La chn s dy chuyn cng ngh
Da theo cc kt qu tnh ton trn ta chn s dy chuyn
cng ngh nh cc phng n c trnh by sau y.
Phng n I
Nc
thi,
9300
(m3/ng)
NGN
TIP NHN
My
nghin rc
SONG
Rc nghin
CHN RC
B LNG
Ct
ct NGANG
chuyn ng vng
Sn
phi ct
B LNG ng
T I
Bn hot tnh
tun hon
B NN
BN
Bn hot
tnh d
B AEROTEN trn
Kt hp lng II
MNG TRN
BHa,
M TAN
SV: Nguyn Hu
Ms
6263.44 - 44MN1
Phc
nng
SN v
PHI
B TIP XC
nghip
BN
KH
TRNG
N X l nc thi
Thuyt minh phng n I

phng n ny, nc thi t h thng thot nc ng ph c my
bm trm bm nc thi bm n trm x l bng ng dn c p n
ngn tip nhn. Qua song chn rc c t my nghin rc, rc nghin
c a n b Mtan ln men cn nc thi c tc loi cc rc ln
tip tc c a n b lng ct. y ta thit k b lng ct ngang
nc chuyn ng vng gim khi tch xy dng cng trnh m vn
m bo hiu qu lng ct v cc cn ln. Sau mt thi gian, ct lng t
b lng ct c a n sn phi ct.
Nc sau khi qua b lng ct c a n b lng ng t I, ti
y cc cht th khng ho tan trong nc thi nh cht hu c,.. c gi
li. Cn lng c a n b Mtan cn nc sau lng c a tip n
b Aeroten.
Do lu lng trm x l thuc loi va, ta thit k b Aeroten kt hp
lng ng t II tit kim khi tch cng trnh. n nh nng
bn hot tnh trong b Aeroten gip tng hiu qu x l, tun hon li
mt phn bn hot tnh v trc b, lng bn hot tnh d c a qua b
nn bn gim dung tch, sau c a n b Mtan.
Sau b Aeroten, hm lng cn v BOD trong nc thi m bo
yu cu x l xong vn cn cha mt lng nht nh cc vi khun, gy
hi nn ta phi kh trng trc khi x ra ngun. Ton b h thng thc hin
N X l nc thi
nhim v ny gm trm kh trng, mng trn, b tip xc. Sau cc cng

on nc thi c x ra ngun tip nhn.
Ton b lng bn cn ca trm x l sau khi c ln men b Mtan
a ra sn phi bn lm kh n mt m nht nh. Bn cn sau
c dng cho mc ch nng nghip.
Phng n m bo hiu qu x l.
Phng n II
Nc thi, Q = 9300
(m3/ng)
NGN
TIP NHN
My nghin rc
SONG
CHN RC
B LNG CT Ngang
chuyn ng vng
Sn
Phi ct
B LNG
ng t I
B biophin
cao ti
Thi
kh
TIP
TXC
II
KH
TRNG

B
MNG
lng
BTRN
ng
10
N X l nc thi
B
M tan
SN PHI
BN
Phc v nng
nghip
Thuyt minh phng n II

phng n ny, nc thi t h thng thot nc ng ph c my
bm trm bm nc thi bm n trm x l bng ng dn c p n
ngn tip nhn. Qua song chn rc c t my nghin rc, rc nghin
c a n sn phi bn cn cn nc thi c tc loi cc rc ln
tip tc c a n b lng ct. y ta thit k b lng ct ngang
nc chuyn ng vng gim khi tch xy dng cng trnh m vn
m bo hiu qu lng ct v cc cn ln. Sau mt thi gian, ct lng t
b lng ct c a n sn phi ct.
Nc sau khi qua b lng ct c a n b lng ng t I, ti
y cc cht th khng ho tan trong nc thi nh cht hu c,.. c gi
li. Cn lng c a n b Mtan cn nc sau lng c a tip n
b Biophin cao ti.
Sau b Biophin cao ti, hm lng cn v BOD trong nc thi m
bo yu cu x l xong vn cn cha mt lng nht nh cc vi khun,
11
N X l nc thi
gy hi nn ta phi kh trng trc khi x ra ngun. Ton b h thng thc

hin nhim v ny gm trm kh trng, mng trn, b tip xc. Sau cc
cng on nc thi c x ra ngun tip nhn.
Ton b lng bn cn ca trm x l sau khi c ln men b lng
hai v c a ra sn phi bn lm kh n mt m nht nh. Bn
cn sau c dng cho mc ch nng nghip.
Phng n m bo hiu qu x l.
Tnh ton cc cng trnh x l nc thi
phng n I
1. Ngn tip nhn
Nc thi ca Thnh ph c dn n trm x l bng ng dn c p.
thu nc trong trng hp ny ngi ta phi xy dng nhng ngn tip nhn
c np y.
12
N X l nc thi
mt ct i - i
mt ct ii - ii
mt bng
ii
ii
Kch thc ngn tip nhn c chn cn c vo lu lng nc thi max giy
ca Thnh ph, theo tnh ton trn ta c QhMAX(TP) = 547,5 (m3/s). V vy
chn ngn tip nhn c kch thc c bn nh sau: / Tnh ton thit k cc
cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm Minh Trit, 1973/
Lu lng
nc thi
(m3/h)
400 -
ng knh
kch thc c bn
A
H1
150 100 130
650
100
0
ng dn
h1
400
650
500
600
l1
80
0
2 ng
250
Chn mng dn nc thi n ngn tip nhn l mng hnh ch nht.

Chn ng knh ng dn b = 400 (mm), tnh ton thy lc ta c bng s
liu nh sau:
Lu lng tnh ton (l/s)
Cc thng s
tnh ton
qtb = 107,64
qmax= 152,08
qmin = 68,75
0,0008
0,0008
0,0008
600
600
600
0,51
0,67
0,37
Vn tc (m/s)
0,58
0,63
0,51
dc i
Chiu ngang B
(mm)
Da vo kt qu tnh ton ta chn 1 song chn rc.
13
N X l nc thi
2. Song chn rc
Do lu lng nc thi khng ln, thit k 2 song chn rc hai mng dn
ring bit song mt mng hot ng v mt mng d phng.
S b tr song chn rc nh hnh sau.
hp 2
M t c t I -I
hp
60
1 - Song chn rc
I
M t b n g
2 - Sn cng tc
l1
Bk
Bs
lp
S t s o n g c h n r l 2
c
Chiu su ca lp nc song chn rc ly bng y tnh ton mng dn ng vi lu lng ln nht : h = hmax = 0,67 (m)
Tnh ton song chn rc
q
.k
b.h.v
S khe h ca song chn rc : n =

trong :
q : Lu lng ti a ca nc thi, q = 0,15(m3/s)

: Vn tc nc chy qua cc khe h ca song chn rc, ly
= 0,9 ( m/s)
h : su ca nc chn song chn rc, h = hmax = 0,67 (m)
k = 1,05 tnh n s thu hp dng chy
0,15
1,05= 17 (khe h)
n=
0,016 0,9 0,67
2.1. Chiu ngang ca song chn rc
bs= d.(n+1) + b. n
14
N X l nc thi
trong :
d : ng knh song chn, chn song hnh ch nht ln chn d = 8
(mm) = 0,0008 (m)
bs = 0,008( 17 + 1 ) + 0,016 17 = 0,42 (m)
Ta c
Kim tra vn tc dng chy qua song chn rc vi lu lng nh nht

qmin
Vmin =
= 0,51(m/s) tha mn
bs hmin
2.2. Chiu di mng t song chn rc
L = l1 +Lp + l2
trong :
l1 : Chiu di on knh m rng trc song chn rc
l2 : Chiu di on thu hp sau song chn rc
Ls: Chiu di mng dn nc qua song chn rc
0
0,42 0,4
b b
l1 s =
, Vi = 20 l1 =0 =
2tg 20
2tg
0,02 (m)
l2 = 0,5 l1 = 0,02 0,5 = 0,01 (m)

2.3. Chiu di bung t song
Chiu di bung t song ls ly khng nh hn 1(m) do ta chn ls =
1,5 (m)
Tng cng chiu di mng l :
L = 1,5 + 0,02 +0,01 =1,53 (m)
2.4. Tnh tn tht p lc qua song chn rc
v2
hs = . .k
2g
Trong :
: Vn tc nc chy trong mng trc song chn
k = 1,05
: H s tn tht cc b ti song chn rc ph thuc vo tit din
thanh an
4/3
S
= sin
b
4/3
3
0,008
Vi = 2,42
= 0,8322
2
0,016
+ = 600 ; = 2,42
0,92
hs = 0,8322
1,05= 0,1 (m)
2 9,81
15
N X l nc thi
2.5. Chiu su xy dng mng t song chn rc

H = h + hs + 0,5 =0,67 + 0,1 + 0,5 =1,27 (m)
2.6. Lng rc gi li sau song chn rc
a N
6 55455
TT
WR =
=
= 0,91 (m3/ngy)
365 1000 365 1000
vi a l lng gic tnh theo u ngi = 6 (l/ng.nm) /Tra bng tu thuc
khe h song chn/
3. B lng ct ngang chuyn ng vng
Loi b lng ct ngang chuyn ng vng c hiu sut lm vic tt v
gi thnh kinh t phi chng.
S cu to ca b c m t hnh v sau:
S b lng ct ngang nc chuyn ng vng

Theo bng 4.1 ( Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm
Minh Trit, 1973) ta c cc kch thc c bn ca b ng vi lu lng mi b:
qmax 152,08
=
= 76,04 (l/s)
2
2
Kch thc b , (mm)
Kch thc mng vng, (mm)
ng knh
Chiu cao tr
D = 4000
htr = 500
Chiu cao nn hnn = 3000
Chiu rng B = 600

Chiu cao hnh ch nht h1 = 500
Chiu cao hnh tam gic h2 = 450
Chiu cao tng htng = 3500
Chiu cao
tng cng h =
950
Nc thi t song chn rc theo mng h dn n tng b lng ct (mng hnh ch nht)
16
N X l nc thi
Kt qu tnh ton thu lc ca mng dn nc vo tng b c xc nh

bng sau:
Lu lng tnh ton, (l/s)
S liu tnh ton
qmax = 76,04
qmin = 34,38
0,003
0,003
400
400
y H, m
0,62
0,39
Tc V, m/s
0,92
0,76
dc i
Chiu rng mng B,
m
Din tch tit din t ca mng vng c xc nh theo cng thc:

q
max
=
2 V
max
Trong :
Vmax : Tc ln nht ng vi qmax, theo quy phm Vmax = 0,3 (m/s)
152,08
Do :
=
= 0,253 (m2)
2 0,3 1000
Din tch phn hnh tam gic ca mng vng:
B h
0,6 0,45
2 =
1=
= 0,135 (m2)
2
2
Din tch phn hnh ch nht:
2 = 1 = 0,253 0,135 = 0,118 (m2)
Chiu cao lp nc trong phn hnh ch nht ca mng vng:
0,118
h1 = 2 =
= 0,197 (m)
0,6
B
Din tch t ca mng vng ng vi lu lng nh nht l:
min = 1 + B [h1 (Hmax - Hmin)]
trong :
Hmax : y trong mng dn nc vo b ng vi lu lng max, Hmax =
0,62 (m)
Hmin : y trong mng dn nc vo b ng vi lu lng min, Hmin =
0,39 (m)
Cc s liu khc c trn
Do :
min = 0,135 + 0,6 [0,197 (0,62 0,39)]
= 0,115 (m2)
Tc dng chy ca nc thi trong b lng ct ng vi lu lng min:
q
34,38
min
Vmin =
=
= 0,298 (m/s) > 0,15 (m/s)
2
2
1000
0,115
min
Thi gian lu nc li trong b lng ct c tnh theo cng thc: t = V
l
max
17
N X l nc thi
trong :
l : Chiu di phn lng, do nc chuyn ng vng nn l c tnh
theo cng thc:
l= Dtb = 3,14 3,1 = 9,734 (m)
Vmax : Tc chuyn ng ca nc ng vi lu lng max, Vmax = 0,3
(m/s)
Do :
t=
9,734
= 32,5 (giy) 30 (giy) nn tho mn
0,3
Ct c ly khi b lng ct bng thit b nng thu lc mt ln trong

mt ngy m v c dn n sn phi ct.
Lng ct c tnh theo cng thc:
P N t
TT
Wc=
1000
trong :
P : Tiu chun thi ct, P = 0,02 (l/ng.ng)
t ; Chu k thi ct, xt lng cn tch lu trong ngy m nn ly t =
1 (ngy)
NTT : Dn s tnh ton theo cht l lng
0,02 55455 1
Do :
Wc =
= 1,1 (m3) l lng cn tch lu trong
1000
mt ngy.
vn chuyn thu lc 1 (m3) cn ct ra khi b lng ct cn tiu th
0,5 (m3) nc. Nh vy lng cn v ct tch lu trong mt ngy l:
W = Wc (1+0,5) = 1,1 1,5 = 1,65 (m3)
4. Tnh ton sn phi ct

Sn phi ct c nhim v lm ro nc trong hn hp nc ct. Thng sn
4
phi ct c xy dng gn b lng ct, chung quanh c p t cao.
Nc thu t sn phi ct c dn tr v trc b lng ct. S sn phi
ct c th hin nh hnh v.
Mt ct AA
3
2
lng
tiu nc
Ra sn phi ct.
I 1. ng dn ct t b
2. Mg phn phi
3. ng dn D200
18
N X l nc thi
4. Hai lp nha lt sn
Mt bng
sn phi ct
Ra sn phi ct
Din tch sn phi ct c tnh theo cng thc:

F=
P N 365
tt
1000 h
trong :
P : Lng ct tnh theo u ngi trong mt ngy m, P = 0,02 (l/ng

- ng)
h : Chiu cao lp ct trong mt nm, h = 4 (m/nm)

NTT : Dn s tnh ton theo cht l lng, Ntt = 55455 (ngi)
Do :
F=
0,02 55455
365
= 100 (m2)
1000 4
Thit k sn phi ct gm hai vi kch thc mi l 5m 10m, s

nh hnh trn.
5. Tnh ton b lng ng t I
Nc thi sau khi qua b lng ct ngang chuyn ng vng c dn n
b lng ng t I t lng cc tp cht phn tn nh di dng cn
lng xung y hoc ni trn mt nc.
S
b lng
c minh
h1
: chiu
cao phn
lng ho nh hnh v nh sau.
h2 :ch:
chiu cao lp cn
Ghi
h3 : chiu cao lp nc trung
3
ho
h4 : khong cch bo v
D : ng knh b lng
ng
d : ng knh y b.
1: ng trung tm
2: ng x cn
3 : Nguyn
ng dn Hu
nc vo
SV:
Ha, Ms 6263.44 - 44MN1
19
N X l nc thi
Hm lng cht l lng tri theo nc ra khi b lng t I c xc nh

theo cng thc:
hh
C1 = C (100- E1)
100
trong :
Chh : Hm lng cht l lng ban u, Chh = 328 (mg/l)
E1 : Hiu sut lng tnh bng % ph thuc vo C hh v tc lng
ca ht cn, tra theo bng ta c E1 = 48% ng vi tc lng ca
ht U = 0,7 (mm/s)
328 (100- 48)
Do :
C1 =
= 170,56 (mg/l)
100
V C1 > 150 (mg/l) nn m bo cho cc cng trnh pha sau hot
ng c hiu qu ta phi dng b ng t sinh vt tng cng hiu
sut lng cho b lng ng t I.
cht lng bn hot tnh khng b nh hng, ta ch tun hon 50% bn
hot tnh t b Aeroten n b ng t sinhh hc. Do 50% lu lng nc
vo b lng ng thng thng v 50% vo b lng ng kt hp ngn
ng t sinh hc.
5.1. Tnh ton b lng ng t 1
Din tch tit din t ca ng trung tm c tnh ton theo cng
thc sau:
f=
max
trong :
qmax : Lu lng nc thi tnh ton ln nht, qmax = 0,075 (m3/s) (50% lu lng)
V1 : Tc chuyn ng ca nc thi trong ng trung tm, ly V1
= 30 (mm/s)
20
N X l nc thi
Do :
f=
0,075
= 2,5 (m2)
0,03
Din tch tit din t ca b lng trong mt bng:

q
max
F=
V
2
trong :
qmax : Lu lng nc thi tnh ton ln nht, qmax = 0,075 (m3/s)
= 0,7 (mm/s)
Do :
f=
0,075
= 107,5 (m2)
0,0007
Chn 2 b, din tch mt bng ca mi b l:

107,5+ 2,5
F+ f
F1 =
=
= 55 (m2)
n
2
ng knh mi b lng s l:
4 F
4 55
1 =
D=
= 8,4 (m)
3,14
ng knh ng trung tm: d =
4 f
5
2
4 = 1,26 (m )
3,14
Chiu cao lp nc trong b lng c tnh theo cng thc:

h1 = V2 t
trong :
t : Thi gian lng, tra theo bng, vi b lng t I c t = 1,5 (gi)
Do :
h1= 0,0007 1,5 3600 = 3,8 (m)
Chiu cao phn hnh nn ca b lng, tnh gn ng theo cng thc

sau:
h2 + h3 = B =
D
tg
2
trong :
D : ng knh b lng ng, D = 8,4 (m)
: Gc nghing y, thit k vi = 450
8,4
Do :
h2 + h3 = B =
1= 4,2 (m)
2
Chiu caotng cng ca b lng ng l:
H = h1 +h2+h3 + h4 = 3,8 + 4,2 + 0,5 = 8,5 (m)
( y h4 = 0,4 m l chiu cao bo v cua b)
5.2. Tnh b ng t sinh vt
21
N X l nc thi
B ng t sinh vt thc cht l b lng ng t I, trong b tr

ngn lm thong s b c s dng bn hot tnh tun hon (b ng t
sinh vt).
Thi gian lm thong 20 (pht).
Th tch tng cng ca b ng t sinh hc ng vi 50% lu lng tnh
ton l:
W1 =
1
Q t
1
2
trong :
Q : Lu lng tnh ton gi ln nht, Q = 547,5 (m3/h)
t1 : Thi gian lng, t1 = 1,5 (gi)
1
Do :
W1 = 547,5 1,5 = 410,63 (m3)
2
Th tch ngn ng t sinh vt:
1
W2 = Q t2
2
trong :
Q : Lu lng tnh ton gi ln nht, Q = 547,5 (m3/h)
t2 : Thi gian lm thong, t2 = 20 (pht)
1
20
Do :
W2 = 547,5
= 91,25 (m3)
2
60
Din tch ngn ng t sinh vt trn mt bng:
W
F2 = 2
h
trong :
h : Chiu cao ngn ng t sinh vt, c xc nh theo cng thc:
h = V t = 0,0008 1,5 3600 = 4,3 (m)
91,25
Do :
F2 =
= 21(m2)
4,3
Din tch phn lng cu b ng t sinh hc:
0,5 547,5
0,5 Q
F1 =
=
=95 (m2)
3600
V 3600 0,0008
Din tch tng cng s l:
F = F1+ F2 = 95 + 21 = 116 (m2)
Chn 2 b, din tch mi b trn mt bng l:
f' =
116
= 58 (m2)
2
ng knh b ng t c tnh theo cng thc:
22
N X l nc thi
D=
4 f'
=
4 58
3,14
= 8,5 (m)
Din tch mt ngn ng t s l:

fmt ngn =
F2
21
= 10,5 (m2)
2
2
Thit k ngn ng t c hnh vung trn mt bng, kch thc mi
cnh l 3,25 (m).
50% lu lng nc thi cn li c dn vo 2 b lng ng.
Cht lng nc sau khi ra khi b ng t sinh vt v b lng c
nhng thay i sau:
Hm lng cht l lng sau cc b lng thun tu vi hiu sut lng
ly nh trn bng 48% l:
C1 =
328 (100- 48)
= 170,56 (mg/l)
100
Sau b ng t sinh hc tnh ton vi hiu sut gi li cc cht l
lng 75% l:
C2=
328 (100- 75)
= 82 (mg/l)
100
Vy dng chy chung c hm lng cht l lng nh sau:
C=
170,56
+ 82
= 126,28 (mg/l) < 150 (mg/l)

2
Nh vy, hiu sut lng trung bnh l:
328- 126,28
100% = 61,5 (%)

328
BOD5 sau b lng ng thun tu gim 20% nn lng cn li l:
20 282
BOD5' = 282
= 211,5 (mg/l)
100
E=
BOD5 sau b ng t sinh hc gim 35%: trong 5% sau song

chn rc v 5% sau b lng ct:
BOD5'' = 282
35 282
= 141 (mg/l)
100
Vy dng chy chung c hm lng BOD l:

BODl =
211,5+ 141
= 176,4 (mg/l)
2
Theo tiu chun cp kh cho b ng t sinh hc theo lu lng l 0,5
(m3 kh/m3cht lng), lng khng kh cn cp cho b l:
V = 0,5
Q = 0,5
547,5 = 136,9 (m3/h)
23
N X l nc thi
Lng bn hot tnh cn cung cp cho b ng t ly bng 50% lng

bn hot tnh d.
6. Tnh b Aeroten trn
Aeroten trn l cng trnh x l hiu kh nc thi bng bn hot tnh,
trong ti mi thi im v v tr, nc thi c ho trn vi bn.
Lu lng nc tnh ton: Do h s khng iu ho Kch =1,8 >1,25 nn ta ly
lu lng nc thi trung bnh trong 8 gi ln nht tnh ton, l vo
cc gi 8 n 16 gi,
Qtt = 478,5 (m3/h).
Vic tnh ton b Aeroten da theo mc 6-15 v ph lc VII-20 TCN.5184.

Trc khi vo b Aeroten, hm lng cn l lng v hm lng BOD nh sau:
C = 123 (mg/l);
La = 176,4 (mg/l)
Nc thi c phn phi theo chiu di b nn tc xy ho sinh ho

din ra mt cch iu ho.
Thi gian lm thong nc thi c tnh theo cng thc:
tAe =
La Lt
a (1 tr)
trong :
La: Hm lng BOD ca nc thi trc khi vo b aeroten, La = 176,4
(mg/l)
Lt : Hm lng BOD ca nc thi sau khi ra khi aeroten, Lt = 20 (mg/l)
a : Liu lng bn hot ho cht kh, a = 1,8 (g/l) ( theo bng 37
20TCN-51 - 84 )
tr : tro ca bn hot tnh, ly tr = 0,3
: Tc oxy ho mgBOD/g cht khng tro, = 24 (g/l) ( ph
thuc vo hm lng BOD ca nc thi trc v sau khi lm sch, theo
bng 38 20TCN51 84 )
Do :
tAe
176,4 20
= 5,17 (gi)
1,8 (1 0,3) 24
Th tch b lng c tnh theo cng thc:

W = Q tAe
trong :
Q : lu lng nc thi tnh ton, theo l lun trn c Q = 478,5 (m3/h)
24
N X l nc thi
W = 478,5 5,17 = 2474 (m3)
Do :
Chn chiu cao lp nc trong b aeroten trn Hln = 4 (m). Din tch ca
b aeroten l:
FAe=
2478
600 (m2)
4
Xy dng 3 b aeroten, hnh ch nht, din tch mi b l:

F1b =
600
= 200 (m2)
3
Chn kch thc ca b aeroten trn B L = 10 20

Chiu cao ca b
H = Hln + hbv
trong :
Hln : Chiu cao lp nc trong b, Hln = 4 (m)
hbv : Chiu cao bo v, hbv= 0,5 (m)
H = 4 + 0,5 = 4,5 (m)
Kch thc ca 1 b B L H = 10 20 4,5.

Tnh ton h thng phn phi nc vo b Aeroten
Nc t knh dn ti ngn phn phi nc ca aeroten. Din tch ngn phn
phi c tnh theo cng thc:
Q=v B H
(1)
trong :
Q : Lu lng nc thi, Q = 478,5 (m3/h) = 0,13 (m3/s)
v : Vn tc nc chy vo ngn phn phi, v = 0,1 (m)
B, H : Chiu rng v chiu su ca ngn phn phi
0,13
T (1)
ta c:
B H=
= 1,3 (m2)
0,1
Chn B = 1,3 (m) H = 1 (m)
tng sinh khi ca bn
Pr = 0,8 C + 0,3 La
trong :
C : Hm lng cht l lng ca nc thi trc khi vo b aeroten C =
123 (mg/l)
La : Hm lng BOD trc khi vo b aeroten La = 176,4 (mg/l)
Pr = 0,8 123 + 0,3 176,4 = 151,32 (mg/l)
Tnh ton cp kh cho Aeroten trn
Lu lng khng kh n v tnh bng m 3 lm sch 1m3 nc thi c xc
nh theo cng thc:
25
N X l nc thi
D=
z ( L a L t )
(m3/m3)
k1 k2 n1 n2 Cp C
trong :
z : Lng xy n v tnh bng mg gim 1mg BOD, z = 1,1 (vi
b Aerten lm sch hon ton)
k1: H s k n kiu thit b np kh, ly theo bng 39-20TCN5184, vi thit b np kh to bt c nh ly theo t s gia vng np
kh v din tch Aerten, k1 = 1,47 (vi f/F = 0,1 v Imax = 10
m3/m2.h) / theo iu 6.15.9 quy phm 20TCN 51- 84/
k2: H s k n chiu su t thit b, vi Hln = 4 (m) v 3,5
(m3/m2-h), K2 = 2,52
n1: H s k n nh hng ca nhit nc thi
n1 = 1 + 0,02 (ttb - 20) = 1 + 0,02 (26 20) = 1,12
Vi ttb = 260C l nhit trung bnh trong thng v ma h
n2: H s k n s thay i tc ho tan xy trong nc thi so
vi trong nc sch, ly s b n2 = 0,8
Cp: ho tan xy ca khng kh vo trong nc tu thuc vo chiu
su lp nc trong b. c xc nh theo cng thc:
h
CT 10,3+
Cp =
2
10,3
CT: ho tan ca oxy khng kh vo nc ph thuc vo nhit
v p sut. Theo bng 2-1: X l nc thi -1978, vi T = 270C CT =
8,07 (mg/l)
4
8,07 10,3+
2 = 9,64 (mg/l)
Cp =
10,3
C : Nng trung bnh ca oxy trong Aeroten (mg/l) C = 2 (mg/l)
D=
Do :
1,1 ( 176,4 20)

= (m3K/m3nc thi)
1,47 2,52 1,12 0,8 ( 9,64 2)
Cng np kh yu cu
I=
D H
t
6,784 4
= (m3/m2)
5,17
26
N X l nc thi
Ta c : Imin = 3,5 (m3/m2-h) < I = 5,25 (m3/m2-h)< Imax = 10 (m3/m2-h) m

bo yu cu thit k.
Lu lng khng kh cn thi vo Aerten trong mt n v thi gian l:
V = D Qh = 6,784 478,5 = 3246,144 (m3/h)
Lu lng khng kh cn cp trong ngy l: 24 3246,144 = 77907
(m3/ng). nhit trung bnh nm ca khng kh l 270C, khi lng
ring ca khng kh nhit d ny
l 1,18 (kg/m3) nn
lng xy cn cp trong ngy l Qkh = 1,18 77907 = 91930 (kg).

91930
Lng xy cn cung cp trong 1 gi l OCt =
= kgO2/h
24
Dng thit b cp kh cho b Aeroten l ng phn phi trn c gn
cc a xp.
Dng a xp c ng knh 0,6 (m), din tich b mt f = 0,07 (m2), cng kh t 0,7 n 1,4 l/s.a /Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh
x l nc thi, Trnh Xun Lai - NXBXD 2000/ nn ly cng kh l 1
(l/s). Vy s a cn thit l:
3246,144
N =
= (a)
1 3,6
Cc a c gn ln trn cc ng dn kh t ngang di y b.
7. Tnh ton b lng ng t II
Tnh ton b lng ng t II tng t nh tnh ton b lng ng t I.

Din tch ng trung tm c xc nh theo lu lng giy ti a bao
gm c nc thi v bn tun hon.
Lng nc i vo b lng
QLII = (1+) Q = 1,5 476,5 = 714,75 (m3/h) = 0,198
(m3/s)
f=
Q LII
Trong :
QLII : Lu lng nc thi tnh ton, QLII = 0,198 (m3/s)
= 30 (mm/s)
Do :
f=
0,198
0,03
= 6,6 (m2)
Dung tch ca b c xc nh theo cng thc:

W = QLII t
Trong :
27
N X l nc thi

t : Thi gian lu nc trong b, t = 1,5 (gi)
Do :
W = 0,198 1,5 3600 = 1070 (m3)
Chiu cao cng tc ca b

hLII = V t
Trong :
V : Vn tc nc dng trong b lng, ly V = 0,7 (mm/s)
t : Thi gian lu nc, t = 1,5 (gi)
Do :
hLII = 0,0007 1,5 3600 = 3,8 (m)
Din tch hu ch b lng t II:

W
FLII = h
1070
3,8
LII
= 282 (m2)
Vy tng din tch b l F = 282 + 6,6 = 288,6 (m2) ly trn 300 (m2)
Thit k 3 b lng hnh vung d hp khi vi b Aeroten, kch thc
mi b l:
300
= 100 (m2)
3
Kch thc b l: a a = 10 10 (m2)
F1b =
8. Tnh ton b nn bn ng
Theo quy phm t nht phi c hai b nn bn lm vic ng thi, cn c
vo lu lng nc thi, ta i tnh ton thit k b nn bn ng.
hbv
4
1 - ng trung tm
2 - ng x cn
h1
3 - Ming loe
4 - Sn cng tc
h2
Nng bn hot tnh d c xc nh theo cng thc ca Karpinski
A.A nh sau:
Xt = (SS)1 Nra
trong :
Xt : Nng bn hot tnh d, (mg/l)
: H s, ly bng 1,3
28
N X l nc thi
(SS)1 : Hm lng cc cht l lng ca nc thi sau lng t I v ng

t sinh
hc = 123 (mg/l)
Nra : Hm lng bn hot tnh tri theo nc thi ra khi b lng t II,
ly =16 (mg/l)
Xt = 1,3 123 16 = 144 (mg/l)
Do :
Lng tng bn hot tnh ln nht:

Xmax = k Xt = 1,2 144 = 173 (mg/l)
trong :
k : H s khng iu ho thng ca s tng bn hot tnh,
k=1,15 1,2.
C 50% lng bn hot tnh d c a vo b ng t sinh hc v 50% lng
bn cn li c a vo b nn bn. Lng bn hot tnh d ln nht dn vo
b nn bn c tnh theo cng thc sau:
X
Q 50
max
qmax =
24 C 100
trong :
Q : lu lng nc thi = 9300 (m3/ng)
C : Nng bn hot tnh d, vi m 99,4% th C = 6000 (g/m3)
173 9300 50
Do :
qmax =
= 5,6 (m3/h)
24 6000 100
Din tch b nn bn c tnh theo cng thc:
q
max
F1 =
V
1
trong :
qmax : Lu lng bn hot tnh d ln nht, qmax = 5,6 (m3/h) = 1,56 (l/s)
V1 : Tc chuyn ng ca bn t di ln trn, V1 = 0,1 (mm/s)
1,56 1000
Do :
F1 =
= 15,6 (m2)
0,1 1000
Din tch ng trung tm:
q
max
F2 =
V
2
trong :
V2 : Vn tc chuyn ng ca bn trong ng trung tm, V2 = 28
(mm/s)
Do :
F2 =
1,56 1000
= 0,056 (m2)
28 1000
Din tch tng cng ca b nn bn ng:

29
N X l nc thi
F = F1 + F2 = 15,6 + 0,056 = 15,66 (m2)

C hai b nn bn ng, din tch mi b l:
F 15,66
f= =
=7,83 (m2)
2
2
ng knh b nn bn ng:
4 7,83
4 f
D=
=
=3,16 (m)
3,14
ng knh ng trung tm:
d=
4 F2
=
4 0,056
=0,27 (m)
3,14
ng knh phn loe ca ng trung tm:

dloe = 1,35 d = 1,35 0,27 = 0,38 (m) 0,4 (m)
ng knh tm chn (xem hnh v):
dc = 1,3 dloe = 1,3 0,4 = 0,52 (m)
Chiu cao phn lng ca b nn bn:
h1 = V1 t 3600
trong :
t : Thi gian nn bn, ly t = 12 (h)
h1 = 0,0001 12 3600 = 4,3 (m)
Do :
Chiu cao hnh nn vi gc nghing 450, ng knh b 3,22 (m) v ng knh y
b 0,2 (m) l:
h2 =
D
2 tg 45 0
= 1,4 (m)
h2
Chiu cao bn hot tnh nn c tnh theo cng thc:

hb = h2 h3 hth
trong :
h3 : Khong cch t y ng loe n tm chn, ly h3 = 0,3 (m)
hth : Chiu cao lp trung ho, hth = 0,3 (m)
Do :
hb = 1,4 0,3 0,3 = 0,8 (m)
Chiu cao tng cng ca b nn bn:

H = h1 + h2 + hbv = 4,3 + 1,4 + 0,3 = 6 (m)
9. B Mtan
Cc loi cn dn n b mtan bao gm :
Cn t b lng t I
Rc nghin t song chn rc
30
N X l nc thi
Bn hot tnh d sau khi nn
9.1 Cn ti t b lng t I
Cn ti t b lng t I vi m p = 95% c tnh theo cng
thc:
WC =
hh
Q E K
(100 P) 1000 1000 c
trong :
Q : Lu lng nc tnh ton ngy m, Q = 9300 (m3/ng.)
Chh :
Hm lng cn l lng trong hn hp nc thi, Chh =
327,96 (mg/l)
: Hiu sut t b lng t I c k n ng t sinh
hc, E = 62,5%
K
: H s tnh n s tng lng cn do c ht l lng ln, K
: m ca cn P = 95%
: Dung trng ca cn lng, ly c =1

327,96
9300 62,5 1,1
WC =
= 1,1
Do :
(100 95) 1000 1000 1
WC = 42 (m3/ng)
9.2 Lng bn hot tnh d sau khi nn b nn bn
Lng bn ny c tnh theo cng thc:

C ( 100 E ) 100 b Q 50
Wb = hh
(100 P) 1000 1000 c

100
trong :
: H s tnh s tng khng iu ho ca bn hot tnh trong qu

trnh lm sch, =1,2
b : Hm lng bn tri ra khi b lng t II, b = 16 (mg/ l)
P : m ca bn hot tnh P =97%
Q : Lu lng nc thi dn n b nn bn, Q= 9300 (m3/ng)
Cc thng s khc xt trn

[ 327,96 (100 62,5) 1,2 100 16] 9300 50
Do :
Wb =
(100 97) 1000 1000 1 100
Wb = 20 (m3/ng)
9.3 Lng rc nghin
Lng rc c nghin nh t m P1 = 80% n m P2 =
95% c tnh theo cng thc:
31
N X l nc thi
WR = W1
100 P
100 P2
W1 : Lng rc ly khi my nghin vi m ban u P = 80% tnh

ton phn trc, W1 = 0,91 (m3/ng)
100 80
Do :
WR = 0,91
= 3,64 (m3/ng)
100 95
Th tch tng hp ca hn hp cn:

W = Wc + Wb +WR=42 + 20 + 3,64 = 65,64
(m3)
m trung bnh ca hn hp cn c tnh theo cng thc:
C +B +R
k
k
Phh =100 1 k
W
trong :
Ck : Lng cht kh trong cn ti:

W (100 93) 42 (100 93)
c
C k=
=
= 2,94
100
100
(tn/ng)
Bk : Lng cht kh trong bn hot tnh:

B (100 98) 20 (100 98)
Bk= c
=
= 0,4 (tn/ng)
100
100
Rk : Lng cht kh trong rc nghin:

R (100 95) 4,92 (100 95)
R k= c
=
= 0,246
100
100
(tn/ng)
2,94+ 0,4+ 0,246
Do :
Phh =100 1
= 94,6 %
66,92
V m ca hn hp ln hn 94% ln ta chn ch ln men
m, t = 33 350C.
Dung tch b Mtan c tnh theo cng thc:
W 100
WM =
ng dn cn ti v
d
10
bn hot tnh
trong :
ng x cn ln men
d : Liu lng cn ti ngy m, tra bng ly dD250

= 10%
11 65,64 100
ng tho cn b
Do :
WM =
660 (m3)
10
ng dn hi nng
ng dn kh t
Chn 2 b Mtan, th tch mt b l:
ng trn
b tng
660
V=
= 330 (m3)
gch
2
x
Hnh di y trnh by s ca b Mtan.
lp ph mm
my trn kiu chn
vt
32
N X l nc thi
8
9
6 1
7
2
4
3
S b m tan
Theo bng 3.8 / Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm
Minh Trit, 1973/ ta chn 2 b M tan nh hnh c kch thc nh bng
sau:
Chiu cao, m
ng knh
m
Th tch
hu ch
h1
h2
10
500
1,45
1,7
10. Sn phi bn
Cn sau khi ln men b Mtan v cn t b tip xc c dn n
sn phi bn lm ro nc hoc lm kh n m cn thit. S
sn phi bn cn c trnh by trong hnh di y.
Cn sau khi ln men b Mtan v cn t b tip xc c dn n
sn phi bn lm ro cn n m cn thit.
Th tch cn t b tip xc c tnh:
W0 =
a N TT
(m3/ng)
1000
trong :
a: Lng cn lng trong b tip xc, a = 0,03 (l/ng.ng)
NTT: dn s tnh ton theo cht l lng, NTT= 55455 (ngi)
0,03 55455
= 1,66 (m3/ng)
1000
6000
W0 =
6000
S sn phi bn nh hnh v.
6000
Do :
33
N X l nc thi
S sn phi bn: 1-Ming x bn, 2-ng thu nc, 3-B ngn, 4-ng
phn phi bn, 5-ng i xung,6-Mng x bn, 7-ng dn nc
thot
Th tch tng cng ca cn dn n sn phi bn:
Wch = W + W0
trong :
W : Th tch cn t b M tan, W = 66,92 (m3)
W0 : Th tch cn t b tip xc W0 = 1,66 (m3)
Do :
Wch = 66,92 + 1,66 = 68,58 ( m3/ng)
Din tch hu ch ca sn phi bn c tnh:

F1 =
Wch 365
(m2)
q0 n
trong :
q0: Ti trng ln sn phi bn, Theo bng 5-5 Gio trnh X l nc
thi HXD -1978". Vi nn nhn to c h thng rt khi lm kh
cn v bn hot tnh ln men ta c q0= 2 (m3/m2.nm)
n: H s k n iu kin kh hu n = 2,4
Do :
F1 =
68,58 365
(m2)
2 2,4
Chn sn phi bn chia ra lm 6 Din tch mi = 870 (m2)

Chn kch thc mi 25m 35m.
Din tch phc v ca sn sn phi bn (bao gm ng x, mng
mng,..) c tnh theo cng thc:
F2 = F1 = 0,2 4600 = 920 ( m2)
( y l h s k n din tch ph, ly bng 0,2 0,4)
Din tch tng cng ca sn phi bn:
34
N X l nc thi
F = F1 + F2 = 4600+ 920 = 5520 (m2)

Lng cn phi n m 80% trong mt nm s l:
W =68,58 365 5000 (m3)
11. Trm kh trng
Trm kh trng c tc dng kh trng trit cc vi khun gy bnh m
chng ta cha th x l c trong cc cng trnh x l c hc, sinh hc trc khi x ra sng. kh trng nc thi, ta dng phng php Clorua ho
bng Clo hi.
Vic tnh ton trm kh trng theo iu 6.20 20 TCN51-84.
Qu trnh phn ng gia Clo v nc thi xy ra nh sau:
Cl2 + H2O = HCl + HOCl
Axit hypoclord mt phn b ion ha.
HOCl v c bit ion OCl- vi nng xc nh s to iu kin oxy ho
mnh c kh nng tiu dit vi khun.
Lng Clo hot tnh cn thit kh trng c tnh theo cng thc:
y=
a Q
1000
trong :
Q: Lu lng c trng ca nc thi (m3/h)
a : Liu lng Clo hot tnh, khi lm sch sinh hc hon ton, a = 3
(g/m3), ly theo iu 6.20.3 -20 TCN51-84
ng vi lu lng c trng max,tb, min ta c lng Clo hot tnh cn thit nh
sau:
y
max
tb
min
h
3 547,5
= a Q max =
= 1,64 (kg/h)
1000
1000
h
3 387,5
= a Q tb =
= 1,1625 (kg/h)
1000
1000
h
3 247,50
= a Q min =
= 0,7425 (kg/h)
1000
1000
nh lng Clo ,xo trn Clo hi vi nc cng tc, iu ch v vn

chuyn n ni s dng ta dng Clorat chn khng kiu LONHI-100.
Theo bng 3.10 / Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi Lm Minh Trit, 1973/ ta chn mt Clorat LONHI -100 loi PC-3 lm vic
v mt Clorat d phng c cc c tnh k thut nh sau:
Cng sut theo Clo hi : 0,40 2,05 (kg/h)
35
N X l nc thi
Loi lu lng k
: PC -3
p lc nc trc ejector : 2,5 (kg/cm3)

Trng lng
:37,5 (kg)
Lu lng nc
: 2 (m3/h )
phc v cho 2 Clorat chn 3 ban lng trung gian bng thp tip
nhn Clo nc chuyn thnh Clo hi v dn n Clorat. Trong trm
kh trng ta dng cc thng cha Clo c dung tch 512 lt v cha 500 kg
Clo.
ng knh thng cha l D = 0,64 (m).
Chiu di thng L = 1,8 (m).
Lng Clo ly ra t 1 (m2) b mt bn thng cha theo quy phm l 3 (kg/h).
B mt bn thng cha Clo l 3,6 (m2). Nh vy lng Clo ly ra t mt thng
cha l:
qc = 3,6 3 = 10,8 (kg/h)
y
S thng cha Clo cn thit trong mt gi l: N =
tb
1,1625
=0,108
10,8
(thng)
Chn hai thng cha cng tc v mt d phng.
S thng cha Clo cn thit d tr cho nhu cu Clo trong mt thng s l:
N=
y 24 30 1,1625
24 30
tb
=
= 2 (thng)
500
q
trong :
q : Trng lng Clo trong thng cha, kg
Lu lng nc Clo ln nht c tnh theo cng thc:
h
qmax= a Q max 100
b 1000 1000
trong :
b: Nng Clo hot tnh trong nc, ly bng ho tan ca Clo
trong nc ca ejector, ph thuc vo nhit , b = 0,15%
a : Liu lng Clo hot tnh, khi lm sch sinh hc hon ton, a = 3
(g/m3), ly theo iu 6.20.3 -20 TCN51-84
Do :
qmax=
3 547,5 100
= 1,1 (m3/h)
0,15 1000 1000
36
N X l nc thi
Lng nc tng cng cn cho nhu cu ca trm Clorator c tnh theo cng
thc:
Q=
(1000 V + V )
max
1000
trong :
V1: ho tan Clo trong nc ph thuc vo nhit nc thi, vi
nhit nc thi t = 260C ta c V1= 1 (l/g). ( Theo bng 3.11 / Tnh
ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm Minh Trit, 1973/)
V2: Lu lng nc cn thit bc hi Clo, s b ly V2 = 300 (l/kg)
Do :
Q=
1,64 (1000 1+ 300)

= 2,132 (m3/h)
1000
Nc Clo c dn ra mng trn bng ng cao su mm nhiu lp, ng knh

ng 70 (mm) vi tc 1,5 (m/s).
12. Tnh ton mng trn
xo trn nuc thi vi Clo, do lu lng trm nh hn 400 (l/s), nn ta dng
mng trn kiu ln vi thi gian xo trn c thc hin trong vng
1 2 pht.
Kch thc c bn ca mng trn kiu ln theo bng 4.8 / Tnh ton thit
k cc cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm Minh Trit, 1973/ ta c cc kch
thc c bn nh sau:
Kch thc c bn ca mng trn
Kch thc
Lu lng l/s
131 160
h1
h2
350
0
273
0
600
700
103
0
B rng khe
th
th
th
th
1
2
3
4
550
450
380
330
Din tch tit din ca mng trn:

q
f = max
V
trong :
qmax: Lu lng nc thi ln nht, qmax = 0,15 (m3/s)
V : Tc ca nc chuyn ng qua l V = 0,8 (m/s)
Do :
f=
0,15
= 0,19 (m2)
0,8
Chiu su lp nc sau mng trn:
37
N X l nc thi
H=
f 0,19
=
= 0,317 (m)
b 0,6
Tn tht p lc qua mi khe h c xc nh theo cng thc:

2
V
h = 1
2g
trong :
V1 : Tc chuyn ng ca nc qua khe ln, V1 = 0,8 (m/s)
: H s ph thuc cch b tr ch ln, b tr thun chiu dng nc
nn ly =2,5
Do :
0,82
h = 2,5
= 0,082 (m)
2 9,81
Din tch tit din ngang ca mi khe:

fK =
qmax
0,15
=
= 0,19 (m2)
V1
0,8
Chiu su lp nc trc cc khe ln:

Trc khe th nht
H1 =
fK
0,19
=
= 0,35 (m)
b1
0,55
Trc khe th hai

H2 =
fK
0,19
=
= 0,42 (m)
b2
0,45
Trc khe th ba
H3 =
fK
0,19
=
= 0,5 (m)
b3
0,38
Trc khe th t
H4 =
fK
0,19
=
= 0,58 (m)
b4
0,33
13. Tnh ton b tip xc

Nhim v ca b tip xc l nhm thc hin qu trnh tip xc gia Clo
v nc thi. Da vo cng sut trm, ta s dng b tip xc kiu ly tm.
B tip xc ly tm c thit k ging nh b lng t I khng c thit
b vt bn. Nc thi sau khi c x l b tip xc c dn ra ti ging b
h theo mng dn di 250 (m) vi tc dng chy 0,8 (m/s).
Thi gian tip xc ca clo vi nc thi trong b tip xc v trong mng
dn ra h l 30 pht.
Thi gian tip xc ring trong b tip xc l:
38
N X l nc thi
t = 30
250
l
= 30
= 24,8 (pht)
0,8 60
V 60
trong :
l : Chiu di mng dn t b tip xc ti ging x, l = 250 (m)
V : Vn tc dng chy trong mng dn, v = 0,8 (m/s)
Hbv
S cu to ca b tip xc ngang nh hnh di y.

2
m ng dn n c vo 1
m ng dn n c ra
m ng phn phi n c
m ng thu n c
Hct
1
2
3
4
Hct: C hiu cao cng t c

Hbv: C hiu cao bo v
3
1
21
Th tch hu ch ca b tip xc l:
W = Qhmax t = 547,5
24,8
230 (m3)
60
Chn 2 b, th tch ca mi b l:
W1 =
230
= 115 (m3)
2
Din tch ca b tip xc trn mt bng:

W1
115
F= H =
= 46 (m2)
2,5
1
trong :
H1: chiu cao cng tc ca b, thit k H = 2,5 (m)
Chiu rng b chn b = 3,0
Chiu di b:
F 46
L= =
= 15,4 (m)
b 3
Cn trong h tip xc c m p = 96% c bm ra phn phi bn:
a.N TT
WC =
1000
trong :
39
N X l nc thi
a: Lng cn lng trong b tip xc, theo 6.20.7 - 20 TCN 51-84 th

a = 0,05 l/Ng
NTT: Dn s tnh ton theo BOD5, NTT = 75000 (ngi)
0,05 75000
WC =
= (m3/ng)
1000
B tip xc ngang tng t nh b lng ngang nhng khng c h thng
gt cn, vt bn.
Vy kch thc b:
H L b= 2,5 15,4 3 (m3)
14. Thit b o lu lng

m bo cho cc cng trnh x l nc hot ng t hiu qu, ta cn
bit lu lng nc thi chy vo tng cng trnh v s dao ng lu lng theo
cc gi trong ngy.
xc nh lu lng nc ta dng mng Pac -san (S trang sau)
Kch thc mng c nh hnh theo tiu chun v c chn tu thuc
vo lu lng nc.
Vi gi tr lu lng tnh ton ca trm l:
qmax= 152,08 (l/s)

qtb = 107,64 (l/s)
qmin = 68,75 (l/s)
S mng pac - san

l3
W
l2
l1
Ngi ta tnh ton kch thc mng theo tiu chun v lp thnh cc
bng / Tnh ton thit k cc cng trnh x l nc thi - Lm Minh Trit,
1973/. Chn mng Pac-san c kch thc
Kh nng vn chuyn ln nht
Kh nng vn chuyn nh nht
b = 30cm
L3 =90 cm
: 500 (l/s)
:
L1 =135 cm
A = 84 cm
5 (l/s)
L2 = 60 cm
B =60 cm
C =22,5 cm
40
N X l nc thi
Tnh ton cc cng trnh x l nc thi
phng n II
Cc cng trnh trong s dy chuyn cng ngh phng n II bao
gm:
Song chn rc
B lng ct ngang chuyn ng vng
B lng ng t I
B lng ng t II
B Biophin cao ti
Trm kh nn
My nghin rc
Kh trng v mng trn
Sn phi bn cn
B tip xc
B cha kh t
Sn phi ct
Trong s cc cng trnh trn, cc cng trnh tnh ton ging vi phng n
I bao gm:
Song chn rc
B tip xc ngang
B lng ct ngang chun ng vng Sn phi ct
Kh trng v mng trn
Sn phi bn cn
B lng ng t I
Sau y ta i tnh ton cc cng trnh cn li trong s dy chuyn
cng ngh.
1. Tnh ton b Biophin cao ti
Nhn thy cht lng nc thi chy vo b m bo tnh ton theo
quy phm.
Tnh ton b lc sinh hc cao ti da vo iu 6.14.17 v iu 6.14.18
TCN51-84
Xc nh h s k: l h s ph thuc vo nhit d trung bnh v

ma ng ca nc thi hoc nhit trung bnh nm ca khng
kh.
Ta c
k=
L a 211,5
=
= 10,6
Lt
20
trong :
41
N X l nc thi
La: BOD ca nc thi a vo b La= 211,5 (mg/l)

Lt: BOD ca nc thi c lm sch Lt =20 (mg/l)
Chn ti trng thu lc qo= 20 (m3/m2.ng)
Tra bng 36-20TCN51-84 vi nhit trung bnh 25oC v ko=10,6 ta c
cc kt qu tnh ton nh sau:
2.1. Khi lu lng khng kh vo b B = 8 (m3/m3 nc)
Chiu cao cng tc ca b H = 3 (m)
Ti trng thy lc: q0= 20 ( m3/m2.ng) tra bng ta c k1 = 11,48
V k0 < k1 nn khng cn tun hon li nc thi.
Di y l s cu to ca B Bioiphin cao ti.
mt ct a-a
B biophin cao ti
Lp
Lp
Lp
Lp
Lp
vt liu lc cao 300 cm

b tng c l dy 8 cm
b tng to dc
b tng ct thp dy 20 cm
b tng gch v dy 20 cm
mt bng
ng dn nc vo b D300
Lp b tng c l
BxB=1000x1000
Lp vt liu lc
ng phn lc c l D200
Din tch ca b Biophin:
42
N X l nc thi
F=
Q
q0
(m2)
trong :
Q: Lu lng nc thi Q = 9300 (m3/ng)
q0: Ti trng thy lc trn b mt b lc, q0 = 20 (m3/m2 ngy )
Do :
F=
9300
= 465 (m2)
20
Chn s b cng tc l 2 b, n = 2. Din tch mi b l:
F
465
f=
=
= 232,5 (m2)
2
n
B hnh trn, ng knh b l:
4 232,5
4f
D=
=
= 17,5 (m)
3,14
Th tch tng cng ca b:

W = H F = 3 465 = 1395 (m3)
trong :
H: Chiu cao cng tc ca b, H= 3 (m)
2.2. Khi lu lng khng kh vo b B = 10 (m3/m3 nc)
Chiu cao cng tc ca b H = 3,5 (m)
Ti trng thy lc: q0= 20 ( m3/m2.ng) tra bng ta c k1 = 17,95
V k0 < k1 nn khng cn tun hon li nc thi.
Din tch ca b Biophin:
F=
Q
q0
(m2)
trong :
Q: Lu lng nc thi Q = 9300 (m3/ng)
q0: Ti trng thy lc trn b mt b lc, q0 = 20 (m3/m2 ngy )
Do :
F=
9300
20
= 465 (m2)
Chn s b cng tc l 2 b, n = 2. Din tch mi b l:

f=
F
n
465
= 232,5 (m2)
2
43
N X l nc thi
B hnh trn, ng knh b l:

D=
4 232,5
17,5 (m)
3,14
4f
=
Th tch tng cng ca b:

W = H F = 3,5 465 = 1627,5 (m3)
trong :
H: Chiu cao cng tc ca b, H= 3,5 (m)
T cc s liu tnh ton trn ta quyt nh thit k b Biophin vi trng hp
o
o
o
o
B=8 (m3/m2.ng)
H=3,0 (m)
F= 465 (m2)
W=1395 (m3)
Vi l do:
o Khng phi tun hon nc thi
o Lng khng kh cp vo nh
o Chiu cao cng trnh nh
o Din tch cng trnh nh
2.3. Tnh ton h thng li phn lc
iu kin quan trng Biophin lm vic bnh thng l nc thi phi c phn phi u trn b mt lp vt liu lc. i vi Biophin c dng
hnh trn trn mt bng ta thit k h thng phn phi kh bng h
thng ti phn lc.
Lu lng nc ti tnh cho 1 b Biofin c xc nh theo cng thc:
q=
max
trong :
n : S b, n = 2
qmax :Lu lng nc thi tnh ton, qmax = 152,08 (l/s)
Do :
q=
152,08
= 76,04 (l/s) = 0,076 (m3/s)
2
ng knh ca h thng ti: c tnh theo cng thc sau:

DT= D 200 = 17500 200 = 17300 (mm)
trong :
200 (mm) : Khong cch gia u ng ti v thnh b.
44
N X l nc thi
Chn trong mt b Biofin c 4 ng phn phi, ng knh ng l:

4 q
4 V
D =
trong :
V : Vn tc chuyn ng ca nc trong ng, ly V = 1 (m/s)

q : Lu lng tnh ton cho mt b, q = 0,076 (m3/s)
Do :
D =
4 0,076
= 0,15 (m) hay 150 (mm)
4 3,14 1
S l trn ng ti c tnh theo cng thc:

1
1
80
m = 1 (1
)2 = 1 (1 80 )2 = 105 (l)
D
17300
T
Khong cch t mt l bt k ri cch tm trc ca h thng ti c tnh

theo cng thc:
ri =
i
m
trong :
i : S th t ca l cch trc ca h thng ti
m : S l trn h thng ti, m = 105 (l)
16800 1
r1 =
= 820 (mm)
2
105
16800 2
r1 =
= 1160 (mm)
2
105
S vng quay ca h thng trong 1 pht c tnh theo cng thc:
n=
34,8 106 q'

m d2 D
trong :
d : ng knh l (phi ln hn 10mm), ly d =15 (mm)
q' : Lu lng trung bnh ca 1 ng ti, c tt c 4 ng nn q' =
76
=
4
19 (l/s)
Do :
n=
34,8 106 17
= 1,5 (vng/pht)
105 152 16800
45
N X l nc thi
p lc cn thit cho h thng ti phn lc l:

h= q' (
2
256 106
d4m2
81 106
D4
294 D
T
3
k2 10
trong :
k : M un lu lng, theo bng 4.6 / Tnh ton thit k cc cng
trnh x l nc
thi - Lm Minh Trit, 1973/ ta c ng vi D =
150, k = 134
Do :
h = 19 (
2
256 106
1541052
81 106
1504
294 16800
) = 207,12 (mm)
1342 103
0,2 (m)
2. Tnh ton b lng ng t II
Tnh ton b lng ng t II tng t nh tnh ton b lng ng t I.
Din tch ng trung tm c xc nh theo lu lng giy ti a bao
gm c nc thi v bn tun hon.
Lng nc i vo b lng:
QLII = (1+) Q = 1,5 476,5 = 714,75 (m3/h) = 0,198
(m3/s)
f=
trong :
Q LII

= 30 (mm/s)
Do :
f=
0,198
0,03
= 6,6 (m2)
Dung tch ca b c xc nh theo cng thc:

W = QLII t
trong :
t : Thi gian lu nc trong b, t = 0,75 (gi)
Do :
W = 0,198 0,75 3600 = 534,6 (m3)
Chiu cao cng tc ca b

hLII = V t
trong :
V : Vn tc nc dng trong b lng, ly V = 0,7 (mm/s)
46
N X l nc thi
t : Thi gian lu nc, t = 0,75 (gi)

Do :
hLII = 0,0007 0,75 3600 = 1,89 (m)
Thit k b c chiu su cng tc 2,5 (m)

Din tch hu ch b lng t II:
W
534,6
FLII = h =
= (m2)
2,5
LII
Vy tng din tch b l F = 213,84 + 6,6 = (m2)
Thit k 4 b lng hnh trn, kch thc mi b l:
220
F1b =
= (m2)
4
4 F
4 55
1b =
ng knh mi b l: D =
= 8,4 (m)
3,14
Thit k 4 b c ng knh 8,5 (m).
Khi ton kinh t
Phng n I
1. Gi thnh xy dng cng trnh
C s tnh ton kinh t da vo cc ti liu hin hnh v nh mc d
ton cp thot nc
/Ban hnh theo quyt nh s 411/BXD ngy
29/6/1996 ca B Xy Dng/
Theo tnh ton s b gi thnh xy dng cc cng trnh tnh theo khi
lng xy lp trong trm x l l:
Vi cng trnh n gin (cng trnh c hc), n gi l 1.500.000
(ng/m3)
47
N X l nc thi
Vi cng trnh phc tp (cng trnh sinh hc), n gi l 2.000.000

(ng/m3)
Vi cng trnh sn phi ct, sn phi bn, n gi l 70.000
(ng/m2)
Gi thnh thit b tnh bng 20% gi thnh xy dng cng trnh.
Gi thnh xy dng cng trnh bao gm nhiu mc, s b c th thng
k nh bng sau:
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7
8
9
11
12
Tn cng trnh
Ngn tip nhn
Song chn rc
B lng ct ngang CV
B lng ng t I
B ng t sinh hc
B Aeroten
B lng t II
B nn bn ng
Mng trn
B tip xc ly tm
B m tan
Sn phi ct
14 Sn phi bn
15 Trm kh trng
16 Trm kh nn
Tng cng
Khi
lng
m3
Gi
XD
1000
4,75
7125
1,94
2915
6,70 10050
42,82 64230
43,27 86540
284,59 569180
215,75 431500
13,30 19950
2,80
4200
16,61 24915
24,04 36060
100,00
7000
4600,0
322000
0
50,00 75000
35,00 52500
Gi
Tng gi
thit
thnh
b
1000
1000
583
2010
12846
17308
113836
86300
3990
4983
7212
7125
3498
12060
77076
103848
683016
517800
23940
4200
29898
43272
7000
322000
15000
10500
90000
63000
1987733
Mt t chn trm tm mi by triu, by trm ba ba ngn ng

chn.
Tng gi thnh l: Exd = 1.987.733.000 (ng)
2. Chi ph qun l v lng cng nhn trong mt nm
S cng nhn trm x l nc thi: 20 (ngi)
Mc lng cng nhn 800.000 (ng/ ngi.thng)
Chi ph lng cng nhn:
L= 12 20 800.000 = 192 (triu/ nm)
in chy my
48
N X l nc thi
E1 =
1000 Q H 0 T 365
a
102 b dc 3600
trong :
Q: lu lng trm bm, Q = 387,5 (m3/h)
H0: p lc bm, x l bng phng php sinh hc trn b Aeroten ly
s b tng tn tht gia cc cng trnh l 4,0 cng vi p lc d
tr 1,0 m nc chy ra cng x ra ngun tip nhn s b chn
H0 = 5,0 (m)
T : Thi gian hot ng trong ngy, T= 24 (gi)
a : Gi in, a = 1500 (/KWh)
b : Hiu sut bm b = 0,8
c : Hiu sut ng c c = 0,65
E1 =
1000 387,5 5,0 24 365

1500= (ng)
102 0,8 0,65 3600
130,2 triu ng
in thp sng
E2 = 0,02 E1 = 2,6 (triu ng)
Khu hao ti sn c nh
Ek = 0,04 Exd= 0,04 1.987,733 = 79,509 (triu)
Chi ph sa cha
Esc = 0,05 Exd = 99,387 (triu)
Chi ph ho cht 1 nm
Lng clo cn kh trng trong mt nm
VTB = 1,1625 24 365 = 10183,5 (kg/nm)
Gi tin 1 kg Clo l 4500
Tng s tin chi ph cho ho cht l:
Khc = 10183,5 4500 = 45,83 ( triu ng)
Vy tng chi ph qun l l:
E= E1+ E2+ Ek+Eh+Khc = 314,126 (triu)
3. Gi thnh qun l
g=
E
314,126
106
=
= (/m3)
Q 365
9300 365
4. Gi thnh u t XD
49
N X l nc thi
V=
E xd
1.987,733
106
=
= (/m3)
Q 365
9300 365
5 gi thnh x l
X= V+g = + = 678,115 (ng)
Gi thnh tnh cho 1 m3 nc thi l:
g1m =
3
X 678,115
=
= (ng/m3)
Q
9300
Khi ton kinh t

Phng n II
1. Gi thnh xy dng cng trnh
Gi thnh xy dng cng trnh bao gm nhiu mc, s b c th thng
k nh bng sau:
50
N X l nc thi
TT
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
7
8
9
10
Tn cng trnh
Ngn tip nhn
Song chn rc
B lng ct ngang CV
B lng ng t I
B ng t sinh hc
B Biophin cao ti
B lng ng t II
Mng trn
B tip xc ly tm
Sn phi ct
Sn phi bn
11 Trm kh trng
12 Trm kh nn
Tng cng
Khi
lng
m3
Gi
XD
1000
4,75
7125
1,94
2915
6,70 10050
42,82 64230
43,27 86540
165,76 248640
392,50 785000
42,82 64230
2,80
4200
56,55 84824
100,00
7000
4600,0
322000
0
50,00 75000
Gi
thit
b
1000
583
2010
12846
17308
49728
157000
12846
16965
Tng gi
thnh
1000
7125
3498
12060
77076
103848
298368
942000
77076
4200
101789
7000
322000
15000
90000
1684839
Mt t su trm tm t triu, tm trm ba chn ngn ng chn.

Tng gi thnh l: 1.684.839.000 (ng).
Tng chi ph l: Exd = 1.684.839.000 (triu).
2. Chi ph qun l v lng cng nhn trong mt nm
S cng nhn trm x l nc thi: 20 (ngi)
Mc lng cng nhn 800.000 (ng/ ngi.thng)
Chi ph lng cng nhn:
L= 12 20 800.000 = 192 (triu/ nm)
in chy my
E1 =
1000 Q H 0 T 365
a
102 b dc 3600
Trong :
Q: lu lng trm bm, Q = 387,5 (m3/h)
H0: p lc bm, s b ly H0 = 11,5 (m)
T : Thi gian hot ng trong ngy, T= 24 (gi)
a : Gi in, a = 1500 (/KWh)
b: Hiu sut bm b = 0,8
c: Hiu sut ng c c = 0,65
51
N X l nc thi
E1 =
1000 387,5 11,5 24 365

1500
102 0,8 0,65 3600
(ng) 299,5 (triu)
in thp sng
E2 = 0,02 E1 = 5,99 (triu ng)
Khu hao ti sn c nh
Ek = 0,04 Exd= 0,04 1.684,839 = (triu)
Chi ph sa cha
Esc = 0,05 Exd = (triu)
Chi ph ho cht 1 nm
Lng clo cn kh trng trong mt nm
VTB = 1,1625 24 365 = 10183,5 (kg/nm)
Gi tin 1 kg Clo l 4500
Tng s tin chi ph cho ho cht l:
Khc = 10183,5 4500 = 45,83 ( triu ng)
Vy tng chi ph qun l l:
E= E1+ E2+ Ek+Eh+Khc = (triu)
3. Gi thnh qun l
E
502,96
106
g=
=
= (/m3)
Q 365
9300 365
4. Gi thnh u t XD
E xd
1.684,839
106
V=
=
= (/m3)
Q 365
9300 365
5. gi thnh x l
X= V+g = + = (ng)
Gi thnh tnh cho 1 m3 nc thi l:
g1m =
3
X 644,514
=
= (ng/m3)
Q
9300
Nhn xt: Da vo tnh ton kinh t s b v qua thuyt minh hot

ng ca s trm x l ta la chn phng n II thit k trm x
l.
Hn na, cng sut cng trnh trm x l thuc loi nh va, do
y ta s dng b Biophin l hp l.
52

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N X l nc thi

GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

II. cc ti liu thit k:

3. S liu v nc thi ca Thnh ph:

Tiu chun thi nc trung bnh:

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Cc ti liu khc nh trong nhim v cho trong t nhim v thit k.

Theo bng h s khng iu ho ph thuc lu lng nc thi ta c h s

Lu lng tnh ton gi min

GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

Qhmin =4800 1,25 + 2500 + 2000

Qhtb = 107,64 (l/s)

Di y l Bng tng hp lu lng nc thi Thnh ph ng vi h s khng

Nc thi sinh hot

Lu lng tng cng

2.1. Nc thi sinh hot

SV: Nguyn Hu Ha, Ms 6263.44 - 44MN1

GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

ashC 1000 55 1000

: CsxII =200 (mg/l)

LsxII =300 (mg/l)

Hm lng BOD c trong hn hp nc thi

200 4800+ 250 2500+ 300 2000

: Dn s tng ng, l dn s c quy i ca thnh ph

Quy i theo hm lng cn l lng:

Quy i theo hm lng BOD:

GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

250 2500+ 300 2000

Ntt = 40000 + 35000 = 75000 (ngi)

h s ph thuc vo v tr x nc thi, =1 (thit k hng x n-

SV: Nguyn Hu Ha, Ms 6263.44 - 44MN1

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1 exp 0,257 3 2500

1.2. Xc nh mc x l nc thi cn thit

Cnthai : Hm lng cn l lng sau khi x l

b : tng hm lng cn cho php, b = 0,75 1 (mg/l); chn b

Mc cn thit lm sch theo hm lng cht l lng :

K : Hng s tc xy ho, K(26) = 0,132

GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

Theo Oxy ho tan

Khng k n khuch tn Oxy b mt

Lnth = 19,88 (mg/l)

C k n lng xy khuych tn qua b mt

Da = Obh - Ong = 8,027 - 7,80 = 0,227 (mg/l)

Thay vo h phng trnh sau:

Gii h ny ta c La = 11,12 (mg/l); Lth = 523,96 (mg/l) ng vi thi gian tth

Theo hm lng cht l lng l 85,41%

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GVHD: PGS, TS Nguyn Th Kim Thi

Theo hm lng OXY ho tan c k n s khuch tn OXY b

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Thuyt minh phng n I

SV: Nguyn Hu Ha, Ms 6263.44 - 44MN1

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nhim v ny gm trm kh trng, mng trn, b tip xc. Sau cc cng

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Thuyt minh phng n II

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gy hi nn ta phi kh trng trc khi x ra ngun. Ton b h thng thc

Tnh ton cc cng trnh x l nc thi

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150 100 130