BNG TM TT CNG THC CC LOI NNG DUNG DCH CC LOI Nng khi lng (nng g/l) Nng phn

phn trm (theo khi lng) Nng phn triu Nng mol CM Nng molan Cm Nng ng lng CN chun T KHI NIM S gam cht tan c trong 1 lt dung dch. S gam cht tan c trong 100g dung dch. Khi lng cu t trong 106ln khi lng mu. S mol cht tan c trong 1 lt dung dch. S mol cht tan c trong 1000g dung mi. S ng lng cht tan c trong 1 lt dung dch. S gam hay miligam cht tan c trong 1ml dung dch. CNG THC Cg/l = 1000 N V g/l

C% = ppm = CM = Cm = CN = Tg/ml =

100 =

100

% mg/l hay

1000 1000 1000 hay Tmg/l = 1000

M Molan N g/ml ml

chun theo cht S gam hay miligam cht X tc dng va vi 1 ml dung TC/X = NC X xc nh TC/X dch chun X. MT VI CNG THC CN NH CM = N= N = CM z (NV)A = (NV)B hay =

m = N V (khi lng ng lng) mA = mA+ X% = (tnh c ppm)

m= mcn(ion) =

(khi lng cn)

V(ml) =

(th tch pha)

(f hm lng pha long)

X g/l =

f=

KAmBn = nnmmSm+n

S=

Dung dch n axit mnh Ca 10-6 n baz mnh Cb 10-6 n axit yu n baz yu a axit vi K1 104K2 a baz vi K1 104K2 Mui lng tnh NaHA Dung dch m

Cng thc pH = -lg Ca pOH = -lg Cb hay pH = 14 + lg Cb [H+] = [OH-] = Nh n axit Nh n baz [H+] = pH = pKa - log hay pH = (pK1 + pK2) hay pKa lg Ca pKa + lgCb hay pOH = (pKb + pCb)

hay pH = 7 +

PHNG PHP CHUN OXI KH

Mt vi im ch : - Nu dng oxy ha hay kh l cht rn th chp nhn hot bng n v (bng 1). Nng ca dung mi (H2O) c coi l hng s a vo tr s E0, do khng c trong biu thc logarit. Nu cht phn ng l cht kh, tat hay nng trong biu thc logarit l p sut TH OXI HA CHUN IU KIN E0 CNG THC Tham gia vo phn ng trao i proton Ox + ne- + mH+ Kh + m/2H2O E0= E0ox/kh Tham gia vo phn ng to ta Tham gia vo phn ng to phc Ox1 + n1e- Kh1
-

Ox2 + n2e Kh2 Hng s cn bng ca cn bng trn trong trn trong trng hp dung dch long: K=
[ [ ] [ ] ] ] [

n2Ox1 + n1Kh2 n2Kh1 + n1Ox2

Nu khng c s tham gia ca phn ng ph: Nu c s tham gia ca phn ng ph:

lgK = lgK =

PHNG PHP PHN TCH KHI LNG TN CNG THC H s chuyn F: - Nu dng cn cng l dng cn tnh hm lng: %X = - F= a. Mu dng rn - Nu dng cn cng l dng cn tnh hm lng: %X = CH THCH ag : khi lng mu em phn tch P: phn t lng dng cn G: khi lng dng xc nh ng vi 1 phn t gam dng cn.