S GIO DC V O TO

K THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH

VNH PHC

LP 12 THPT NM HC 2012-2013

CHNH THC

Mn: HA HC
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi: 02/11/2012
( thi gm 02 trang)

Cu 1: (2,0 im)
1) Trong phng th nghim b dng c v di y c th dng iu ch nhng cht kh
no trong s cc kh sau: Cl2, O2, NO, NH3, SO2, CO2, H2, C2H4, gii thch. Mi kh iu ch c
hy chn mt cp cht A v B thch hp v vit phn ng iu ch cht kh ?

2 ) Cho a mol Cu tc dng vi 120ml dung dch A gm HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,5M (long),
thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc).
a. Tnh V, bit rng phn ng xy ra hon ton.
b. Gi s sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lng Cu kim loi khng tan ht th lng
mui khan thu c l bao nhiu gam?
Cu 2: (2,0 im)
1) Cho dy phn ng sau:
(1) A

M + Cl2, as
1 : 1 (mol)
(6)

+ dd NaOH

(2)

+ dd NaOH

(7)

+ O2, Cu, t0
(3)

+ dd AgNO3/NH3, t0

+ H2SO4, t0
Z
- H2O (8)

(4)
xt, t0, p
(9)

+ H2SO4, t0
E
(5)

Polistiren

t0 cao
(10)

Cho bit cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc cht ng vi cc ch ci M, A, B, X, Y trong dy

phn ng. Vit phng trnh phn ng (4), (5), (9), (10)?
2) Cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F c cng cng thc phn t C4H8. Cho tng cht vo brom
trong CCl4 v khng chiu sng thy A, B, C v D lm mt mu brom rt nhanh. E lm mt mu
brom chm hn, cn F hu nh khng phn ng. B v C l ng phn lp th ca nhau, trong
B c nhit si cao hn C. Khi cho tc dng vi hiro (c xc tc Ni, t o ) th A, B, C u cho
cng sn phm G.
Lp lun xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn ca A, B, C, D, E, F?
Cu 3: (2,0 im)
1) Cho hn hp gm a mol FeS2 v b mol Cu2S tc dng va vi dung dch HNO3 th
thu c dung dch A (ch cha 2 mui sunfat) v 26,88 lt hn hp kh Y gm NO2 v NO
iu kin tiu chun (khng cn sn phm kh no khc), t khi ca Y so vi H2 l 19. Cho dung
Trang 1/2

dch A tc dng vi Ba(OH)2 d th thu c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i th thu

c m gam cht rn.
a. Tnh % theo th tch cc kh.
b. Tnh gi tr m.
2) Cho BaO tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 thu c kt ta A v dung dch B. Cho B tc
dng vi kim loi Al d thu c dung dch D v kh E. Thm K2CO3 vo dung dch D thy to
kt ta F. Xc nh cc cht A, B, D, E, F v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
Cu 4: (2,0 im)
Cho 2,760 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O v c 100 < M A< 150) tc dng vi dung dch
NaOH va , sau lm kh, phn bay hi ch c nc, phn cht rn khan cn li cha hai
mui ca natri c khi lng 4,440 gam. Nung nng 2 mui trong oxi d, sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton thu c 3,180 gam Na2CO3, 2,464 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 0,900 gam nc.
Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca A.
Cu 5: (1,0 im)
Khi thy phn khng hon ton mt peptit A c khi lng phn t 293 thu c 2 peptit B
v C. Mu 0,472 gam peptit B phn ng va vi 18 ml dung dch HCl 0,222 M khi un nng
v mu 0,666 gam peptit C phn ng va vi 14,7 ml dung dch NaOH 1,6% (khi lng
ring l 1,022 g/ml) khi un nng. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A, bit rng khi thy
phn hon ton A thu c hn hp 3 amino axit l glyxin, alanin v phenyl alanin.
Cu 6: (1,0 im)
un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH; 1 mol CH3COOH v 2 mol C2H5OH c H2SO4
c xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,6
mol HCOOC2H5 v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5. Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 3 mol
CH3COOH v a mol C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol
HCOOC2H5. Tnh a.
Ht
Th sinh c s dng bng tun hon. Cn b coi thi khng gii thch g thm.

Trang 2/2

S GIO DC V O TO

K THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH

VNH PHC

LP 12 THPT NM HC 2012-2013

Mn: HA HC - THPT

HNG DN CHM
(Gm 06 trang)
Cu
Ni dung
Cu 1
1) Trong phng th nghim b dng c v di y c th dng iu
(2,0 ch nhng cht kh no trong s cc kh sau: Cl , O , NO, NH , SO , CO , H ,
2
2
3
2
2
2
)
C2H4, gii thch. Mi kh iu ch c hy chn mt cp cht A v B thch
hp v vit phn ng iu ch cht kh ?

im

p n:
- Gii thch: iu ch c kh C nh b dng c v th kh C phi c c
im: nng hn khng kh ( M = 29) v khng tc dng vi khng kh. => c th
iu ch c cc kh: Cl2, SO2, CO2, O2.

(0,5)

- Phn ng iu ch:
2KMnO4 + 16HCl 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
Na2SO3 + H2SO4 (long) Na2SO4 + SO2 + H2O
CaCO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
H2O2 (xc tc MnO2) H2O + 1/2O2

(0,5)

2) Cho a mol Cu tc dng vi 120ml dung dch A gm HNO3 1M v H2SO4

0,5M (long), thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht ktc).
a. Tnh V, bit rng phn ng xy ra hon ton.
b. Gi s sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, lng Cu kim loi khng
tan ht th lng mui khan thu c l bao nhiu gam?
p n:
a). Tnh VNO.
Theo bi ra ta c: n HNO = 0,12 (mol); n H SO = 0,06 (mol)
=> s mol H+ = 0,24 ; s mol NO3- = 0,12 ; s mol SO42- = 0,06
Phng trnh phn ng:

3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO 3

4H2O
3Cu2+ + 2NO +
3

B:

0,24

0,12

(mol)

Trang 1/6

- Nhn xt:

0, 24 0,12
<
bi ton c 2 trng hp xy ra:
8
2

*Trng hp 1: Cu ht, H+ d (tc l a < 0,09) nNO =

(0,25)
2a
(mol)
3

(0,25)

VNO = 14,933a (lt)

*Trng hp 2: Cu d hoc va , H+ ht (a 0,09)
VNO = 0,06.22,4 = 1,344 (lt)
b). Khi Cu kim loi khng tan ht (tc a > 0,09) th trong dung dch sau phn ng
gm c: s mol Cu2+ = 0,09 ; s mol NO3- = 0,06 ; s mol SO42- = 0,06
mmui = 0,09.64 + 0,06.62 + 0,06.96 = 15,24 (gam)

(0,25)
(0,25)

Cu 2 1) Cho dy phn ng sau:

(2,0
+ dd NaOH
+ O2, Cu, t0
+ dd AgNO3/NH3, t0 + H2SO4, t0
)
B
C
E
D
(1) A
M

(2)

+ Cl2, as
1 : 1 (mol)
(6)

(3)

+ dd NaOH

(7)

+ H2SO4, t0
Z
- H2O (8)

(5)

(4)

xt, t0, p
(9)

Polistiren

t0 cao
(10)

- Cho bit cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc cht ng vi cc ch ci M, A,

B, X, Y trong dy phn ng
- Vit phng trnh phn ng (4), (5), (9), (10)?
p n:
1)
- Cng thc cu to thu gn ca cc cht :
M: C6H5CH2CH3 ; A: C6H5CH2CH2Cl ; B: C6H5CH2CH2OH ;
X: C6H5CHClCH3 ; Y: C6H5CHOHCH3

(0,5)

- Vit phng trnh phn ng:

t
(4) C6H5CH2CHO + 2AgNO3 + 3NH3 + H2O
C6H5CH2COONH4 + 2Ag +
2NH4NO3
t
(5) 2C6H5CH2COONH4 + H2SO4
2C6H5CH2COOH + (NH4)2SO4
(9)
0

n CH2=CH-C6H5

t ,xt,p

CH2-CH
n
C6 H5

(10)
o

CH2-CH
n
C6 H5

t cao

n CH2=CH-C6H5

2) Cc cht A, B, C, D, E, F c cng cng thc phn t C4H8. Cho tng cht

vo brom trong CCl4 v khng chiu sng thy A, B, C v D lm mt mu
brom rt nhanh. E lm mt mu brom chm hn, cn F hu nh khng phn
Trang 2/6

(0,5)

ng. B v C l ng phn lp th ca nhau, trong B c nhit si cao

hn C. Khi cho tc dng vi hiro (c xc tc Ni, to ) th A, B, C u cho cng
sn phm G.
Lp lun xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn ca A, B, C, D, E, F?
p n:
1. Cc cht l: A: but-1-en ;
B: cis-but-2-en
D: 2-metylpropen
;
E: metyl xiclopropan ;

; C: trans-but-2-en
F: xiclobutan

Gii thch:
- A, B, C phn ng vi H2 (xt Ni) u cho mt sn phm G l butan
- B v C l ng phn hnh hc, B c nhit si cao hn C v phn cc hn.
- E phn ng chm vi brom (vng 3 cnh). F khng phn ng vi brom (vng 4
cnh)

(0,5)

(0,5)

Cu 3 1) Cho hn hp gm a mol FeS v b mol Cu S tc dng va vi dung dch

2
2
(2,0 HNO th thu c dung dch A (ch cha 2 mui sunfat) v 26,88 lt hn hp
3
)
kh Y gm NO2 v NO iu kin tiu chun (khng cn sn phm kh no
khc), t khi ca hn hp kh Y so vi H2 l 19. Cho dung dch A tc dng
vi Ba(OH)2 d th thu c kt ta E. Nung E n khi lng khng i th
thu c m gam cht rn.
a. Tnh % theo th tch cc kh?
b. Tnh gi tr m?
p n:
a) p dng phng php s ng cho ta c:
NO2 46

8
38

NO

=> nNO = n NO =
2

30

26,88
= 0,6 mol
22,4.2

=> %V NO = %V NO = 50%
b) * S phn ng:
2
FeS2 + Cu2S + HNO3
dd { Fe3+ + Cu2+ + SO 4 } + NO + NO2 + H2O
a
b
a
2b
2a + b
mol
- p dng bo ton nh lut bo ton in tch ta c:
3a + 2.2b = 2(2a + b) => a - 2b = 0 (1)
- p dng nh lut bo ton electron ta c:
FeS2 Fe3+ + 2S+6 + 15e
Cu2S 2Cu2+ + S+6 + 10e
=> 15n FeS + 10n Cu S = 3n NO + n NO
=> 15a + 10b = 3.0,6 + 0,6 = 2,4 (2)
Gii h (1), (2) ta c: a = 0,12 mol; b = 0,06 mol

(0,25)

Trang 3/6

(0,25)

* S phn ng:
( OH ) d
{Fe3+, Cu2+, SO 24 } +Ba
{Fe(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, BaSO4}
t
{Fe(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, BaSO4
Fe2O3, CuO, BaSO4
2

2Fe 3+
Fe 2 O 3

0,12
0,06
2+
Cu
CuO
0,12
0,12
BaSO4
BaSO4

0,3
0,3
mol
=> m(cht rn) = 0,06.160 + 0,12.80 + 0,3.233 = 89,1 gam

(0,5)

2) Cho BaO tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 thu c kt ta A v dung dch

B. Cho B tc dng vi kim loi Al d thu c dung dch D v kh E. Thm
K2CO3 vo dung dch D thy to kt ta F. Xc nh cc cht A, B, D, E, F
v vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
p n:
* Trng hp 1: dung dch B: Ba(OH)2
A: BaSO4

B: Ba(OH)2

D: Ba(AlO2)2

E: H2

F: BaCO3

Cc phng trnh phn ng:

1. BaO + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2O
2. BaO + H2O Ba(OH)2
3. 2Al + Ba(OH)2 + 2H2O Ba(AlO2)2 + 3H2
4. K2CO3 + Ba(AlO2)2 BaCO3 + 2KAlO2

(0,5)

* Trng hp 2: dung dch B: H2SO4

A: BaSO4

B: H2SO4

D: Al2(SO4)3

E: H2

F: Al(OH)3

1. BaO + H2SO4 BaSO4 + H2O

2. 2Al + 3H2SO4 Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
3. Al2(SO4)3 + 3K2CO3 + 3H2O 2Al(OH)3 + 3K2SO4 + 3CO2
Cu 4 Cho 2,760 gam cht hu c A (cha C, H, O v c 100 < M < 150) tc dng
A
(2,0 vi dung dch NaOH va , sau lm kh, phn bay hi ch c nc, phn
)
cht rn khan cn li cha hai mui ca natri c khi lng 4,440 gam. Nung
nng 2 mui trong oxi d, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 3,180
gam Na2CO3, 2,464 lt CO2 ( ktc) v 0,900 gam nc.
Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca A.
p n:
* 2,76g A + NaOH 4,44g mui + H2O (1)
* 4,44g mui + O2 3,18g Na2CO3 + 2,464 lt CO2 + 0,9g H2O (2)
nNaOH = 2nNa CO = 2.0, 03 = 0, 06 (mol)
2

mH 2O (1) = mNaOH + mA

mmui = 0,72g
Tng khi lng nc ca (1) v (2) = 1,62g
Trang 4/6

(0,5)

nH 2O = 0, 09 mol
nH ( A ) = nH ( H 2O ) nH ( NaOH ) = 0,12 mol
nC ( A) = nC (CO2 ) + nC ( Na2CO3 ) = 0,14 mol
mO ( A) = mA mC mH = 0,96 g
nO = 0, 06 mol

(0,75)
C : H : O = 0,14 : 0,12 : 0, 06 = 7 : 6 : 3
=> CTPT ca A l (C7H6O3)n , n nguyn 1.
Theo bi, ta c 100 < 138.n < 150.
(0,25)
=> n = 1, cng thc phn t ca A l C7H6O3 c M = 138
* nA = 0,02mol; nNaOH = 0,06 mol
* nA : nNaH = 1 : 3 m A ch c 3 nguyn t oxi, khi tc dng vi NaOH sinh ra
hai mui nn A c 1 nhm chc este ca hp cht phenol v mt nhm OH loi
chc phenol.
=> cng thc cu to c th c ca A l:
OH

HO
HCOO

HCOO

HCOO

OH

(1,0)
Cu 5 Khi thy phn khng hon ton mt peptit A c khi lng phn t 293 thu
(1,0 c 2 peptit B v C. Mu 0,472 gam peptit B phn ng va vi 18 ml
)
dung dch HCl 0,222 M khi un nng v mu 0,666 gam peptit C phn ng
va vi 14,7 ml dung dch NaOH 1,6% (khi lng ring l 1,022 g/ml)
khi un nng. Xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn A, bit rng khi thy
phn hon ton A thu c hn hp 3 amino axit l glyxin, alanin v phenyl
alanin.
p n:
- Nhn xt: MA = MAla + MGly + Mphe 2.18 A l tripepit c to nn t 3
amino axit Gly (M = 75), Ala (M = 89) v Phe (M= 165)
(0,25)
- Khi thy phn khng hon ton A thu c peptit B v peptit C => B, C thuc
ipeptit => s mol B = smol HCl v s mol C = s mol NaOH
- S mol HCl = 0,018 . 0,2225 = 0,004 mol ;
14,7 1.022 1,6
= 0,006mol
100 40
0,004
0,006
= 0,002mol ; nC =
= 0,003mol
=> n B =
2
2
0,472
0,666
= 236 g / mol ; M C =
= 222 g / mol
=> M B =
0,002
0,003

s mol NaOH =

=> B: Ala - Phe hoc Phe Ala v 165 + 89 18 = 236

v C: Gly - Phe hoc Phe Gly v 165 + 75 18 = 222
=> CTCT ca A l: Ala-Phe-Gly
H2NCH(CH3)CO-NHCH(CH2C6H5)CO-NHCH2COOH
hoc Gly-Phe-Ala H2NCH2CO-NHCH(CH2-C6H5)CO-HNCH(CH3)COOH

Trang 5/6

(0,5)

(0,25)

Cu 5 un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH; 1 mol CH COOH v 2 mol C H OH

3
2 5
(1,0 c H SO c xc tc toC (trong bnh kn dung tch khng i) n trng
2
4
)
thi cn bng th thu c 0,6 mol HCOOC2H5 v 0,4 mol CH3COOC2H5.
Nu un nng hn hp gm 1 mol HCOOH, 3 mol CH 3COOH v a mol
C2H5OH iu kin nh trn n trng thi cn bng th thu c 0,8 mol
HCOOC2H5. Tnh a.
p n:
- Cc phng trnh phn ng:
xt,t

HCOOC2H5 + H2O
HCOOH + C2H5OH

[]
0,4
1
0,6
1 (mol)
=> K1 = 1,5
xt,t

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
CH3COOH + C2H5OH

[]

0,6

0,4

K1

K2

1 (mol)
(0,5)

=> K2 = 2/3
- Gi s mol ca CH3COOC2H5 l b mol. Ta c:
0

xt,t

HCOOC2H5 + H2O
HCOOH + C2H5OH

[ ] 0,2
a-0,8-b
0,8
0,8+b
xt,t

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
CH3COOH + C2H5OH

[ ] 3-b
a-0,8-b
b
0,8+b

(mol)

=>

0,8.(0,8 + b)
b.(0,8 + b)
K1 =
; K2 =
0, 2.(a 0,8 b)
(3 b).(a 0,8 b)

=>

K1 0,8.(3 b) 9
=
=
K2
0, 2.b
4

(mol)

b = 1,92 a = 9,97 mol

( Lu : cc cch lm khc p n nhng ng, vn c im ti a)

Ht

Trang 6/6

(0,5)