TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.

VN TI LIU CH MANG TNHM U CHT THAM KHO

I.XUT X CA D N Trong nhng nm qua, Vit Nam c nh gi l Quc gia c nn kinh t pht trin kh vi mc tng trng GDP bnh qun hng nm khong > 7% (theo WB) ng th 2 trong khu vc ch sau Trung Quc. Cng vi s pht trin chung ca nn kinh t, tc th ho, u t xy dng c bn ngy cng gia tng ko theo nhu cu v vt liu xy dng ngy cng tng c v s lng, cht lng v chng loi sn phm. Xut pht t nhu cu ngy cng tng ca th trng gch ngi t st nung trong tnh Bc Giang cng nh cc khu vc ln cn vi nng lc hin c ca Nh my, Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho lp D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho ti x Hp Thnh huyn Hip Ho tnh Bc Giang. II. CN C PHP l V K THUT LP BO CO TM 2.1 Cn c php l 1. Lut Bo v mi trng c Quc hi Nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005 v c hiu lc thi hnh t ngy 01/7/1006. 2. Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP, ngy 09 thng 8 nm 2006 ca Chnh ph v vic Quy nh chi tit v Hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut Bo v mi trng v Ngh nh s 21/2008/ N-CP, ngy 28/02/2008 ca Chnh ph v sa i b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 80/2006/N-CP, ngy 29/8/ 2006 ca Chnh ph 3. Thng t s 08/2006/TT-BTNMT, ngy 08/09/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, nh gi tc ng mi trng v cam kt bo v mi trng. 4. Ngh quyt s 41- NQ/ TW ngy 15/11/2004 ca B Chnh tr v Bo v mi trng trong thi k y mnh cng nghip ha, hin i ha t nc. 5. nh hng chin lc pht trin bn vng ca Vit Nam (Chng trnh ngh s s 21 ca Vit Nam) ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 153/2004/Q-TTg ngy 17/8/2004 ca Th tng Chnh ph. 6. Ngh nh s 81/2006/Q-BTNMT ngy 9/8/2006 ca Chnh Ph v X pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc BVMT.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU s 13/2006/Q-BTNMT, THAM KHO 7. Quyt nhCH MANG TNH CHTngy 08/9/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic T chc v Hot ng ca Hi ng thm nh bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng chin lc, Hi ng thm nh bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng. 8. Quyt nh s 50/2007/Q-UBND, ngy 11/5/2007 v vic Ban hnh quy nh v nh gi tc ng mi trng i vi cc d n u t v cc c s sn xut kinh doanh, dch v trn a bn tnh Bc Giang. 9. Cng vn s .ca Ch tch UBND tnh Bc Giang, v/v ng ch trng cho Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho thc hin D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho, ti x Hp Thnh - huyn Hip Ho tnh Bc Giang.

II.2 Tiu chun Vit Nam 1. Cc tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 22/2006/Q - BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B trng B TN & MT v cc tiu chun Vit Nam khc c lin quan. 2. Cc tiu chun v sinh lao ng ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 3733/2002/Q- BYT ngy 10/10/2002 ca B trng B Yt (Bao gm 21 tiu chun v sinh lao ng, 5 nguyn tc v 7 thng s v sinh lao ng) v cc tiu chun mi trng lao ng khc c lin quan. II.3 Cc ti liu k thut 1. D n u t M rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho do Cng ty I phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho xy dng nm 2008. 2. Mt bng v tr khu t xy dng Nh my Gch Tuynel ti x Hp Thnh- huyn Hip Ho, tnh Bc Giang. III. T CHC THC HIN Ch u t D n phi hp vi Trm Quan trc mi trng S Ti nguyn & Mi trng Bc Giang tin hnh cc bc cn thit lp Bo co TM. 1. C quan t vn: - Trm Quan trc mi trng S Ti nguyn & Mi trng tnh Bc Giang. - Trm trng: V c Phng. - a ch lin h: Thn ng Giang- x Xng Giang- thnh ph Bc Giang tnh Bc Giang. - in thoi/Fax : 0240.824.760

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 2. Trnh TI LIU CH MANGbc sau: t thc hin gm cc TNH CHT THAM KHO

a.Nghin cu bo co D n u t M rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho. b.T chc iu tra thu thp s liu v iu kin t nhin, kinh t - x hi ca x Hp Thnh huyn Hip Ho tnh Bc Giang. c.T chc iu tra kho st hin trng mi trng khu vc d kin I rng nh my, hin trng mi trng cc khu vc ln cn, ch kh nng gy nhim n mi trng. d.T chc iu tra hin trng mi trng, a dng sinh hc, cc tc ng ca d n nh hng n mi trng sinh hc. e.T chc kho st ly lu phn tch, nh gi, cht lng mi trng khng kh, mi trng t v mi trng nc ( nc mt, nc ngm) trong khu vc D n s tin hnh v cc vng ln cn. f.Trn c s cc s liu iu tra, phn tch hin trng mi trng, tng hp s liu lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca d n. Bng 1: Danh sch thit b ly mu, o c, phn tch
STT Tn thit b Nc SX

Cc thit b o c v ly mu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Thit b ly mu kh AS-3 My o tc gi My o nhit , m Cc thit b o bi v ting n Thit b o ting n tch phn Thit b ly mu bi tng s SL-15P Cc thit b ly mu v phn tch nc, t Thit b ly mu nc cm tay T sy My phn tch cc ph T n nhit BOD My so mu DR 5000 M M M M M M Nht M Anh M

Bng 2. Danh sch cn b tham gia lp Bo co TM

TT 1 H v tn KS. V c Phng Chc v, c quan, chuyn mn Trm trng - Trm Quan trc Mi trng

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 2 KS. Ng Quang Trng Ph trch b TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO phn
3 5 6 7 KS. Nguyn Th Thu Huyn KTV. Nguyn Vn Cng KS. H Vn Hun KS. on Th Thanh Huyn Cn b Cn b Cn b Cn b

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CHNG I

M T TM TT D N
1.1.TN D N D n : u t m rng Nh my sn xut Gch Tuynel Hip Ho. 1.2. CH D N - Ch u t: Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho. - Ngi i din: ng Nguyn Xun Lm - Chc v: Gim c Cng ty. - in thoi: 04.5132623, 04.2182307 1.3. V TR A L CA D N Khu vc m rng nm gip Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho hin ti trn khu t thuc X ng, thn G Pho v thn a Hi. - Pha ng gip Cng ty C phn Ho Sn. - Pha Bc gip rung canh tc thn G Pho v thn a Hi - Pha Ty gip ng tnh l 296 - Pha Nam gip rung ca thn G Pho 1.4 NI DUNG CH YU CA D N. 1.4.1. Cc cng trnh chnh - C cu v cht lng sn phm - Cng ngh sn xut. - Cng on ch bin to hnh - Cng tc xy dng 1.4.1.1. C cu v cht lng sn phm. a. C cu sn phm. - Sn lng sn xut hng nm: 40 triu vin QTC / nm. - C cu sn phm sn xut: Cn c vo nhu cu th trng hin ti, d kin phng n sn phm trong giai on u nh sau:

Bng 1.1. C cu sn phm

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO
TT Tn sn phm Kch thc (mm) 220x105x60 220x105x60 200x200x16 250x250x16 300x300x16 340x205x13 Sn lng ( vin) 16.000.000 2.000.000 1.818.181 2.000.000 1.666.666 1.666.666 27.151.513 Trng lng (kg) 1,65 2,5 2,3 1,8 2,65 2,85 3,4 K Sn lng (QTC) (vin QTC) 1 2,5 1,5 1,1 2,0 3,0 3,0 16.000.000 5.000.000 3.000.000 2.000.000 4.000.000 5.000.000 5.000.000 40.000.000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Gch 2T- R60 Gch 6V-R150 Gch 60 Gch nem lt 200 Gch nem lt 250 Gch nem lt 300 Ngi 22v/m Cng
2

220x150x105 2.000.000

* H s Kqtc v sn lng QTC c tnh theo gch rng tiu chun kch thc 220x105x60mm v trng lng 1,65 kg/ vin. Ngun: D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho b. Cht lng sn phm. Theo TCVN 1450: 1998 quy nh i vi gch rng t st nung Theo TCVN 1451: 1998 quy nh i vi gch c t st nung Theo TCXD 80: 1998 quy nh i vi gch lt t st nung 1.4.1.2. Cng ngh sn xut Thit b cng ngh sn xut ca D n m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho la chn u t dy chuyn sn xut gch, ngi Tuynel vi cng sut 20 triu vin QTC/ nm (tng cng sut ton b Nh my 40 triu vin QTC/ nm) va m bo tnh hin i v tin tin, c kh nng sn xut cc loi gch cht lng cao. Sn phm c to hnh theo phng php do, sy nung trong hm sy- l nung Tuynel lin hp.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

* S cng ngh sn xut gch, ngi, nem lt Tuynel

Kho than

Kho nguyn liu

My nghin than

My i

Than nghin

Cp liu thng, my thi t

My pha than

Bng ti cao su s 1 My nho trn

Bng ti cao su s 2

My cn th

Bng ti cao su s 3

My cn mn Nc b sung

My nho 2 trc c li lc

Bng ti cao su s 4

My nho n lin hp

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN M t sTI qu trnh cng ngh b LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

Khai thc v d tr nguyn liu t st c khai thc, tp kt trong kho cha, ti y t c ngm , phong ho t nht 3 thng. Vic ngm to iu kin cho cc ht st c iu kin ngm nc, trng n, lm tng tnh do, ng nht m. Cc tp cht hu c c thi gian phn hu lm tng cht lng ca t, ch ng v nguyn liu sn xut trong nhng ngy ma m. Gia cng nguyn liu v to hnh sn phm Nguyn liu ti kho ngoi tri sau khi phong ho c i vo kho c mi che, sau a vo cp liu thng, qua h thng ct thi, t c thi nh v lm ti sau ri xung bng ti cao su lm s 1. Than cm nghin mn ( c ht 8mm) c my pha than t ng ri u ln bng ti cao su s 1 trn vi t to thnh phi liu, vi lng than pha khong 80-100kg/1000 vin gch mc tiu chun. Sau phi liu t bng ti s 1 c a vo my nho trn. Phi liu t my nho trn c bng ti s 2 a vo my cn th. Ti y, t v than c p, ph v cu trc ban u v c a xung bng ti s 3. Phi liu c bng ti s 3 a vo my cn mn. Vi khe h gia 2 qu cn 2mm, ti y phi liu c ph v cu trc mt ln na. Sau phi liu c a vo my nho trn c li lc, ti y cc tp cht nh: C, rc, si, sn c gi li li lc cn t c n ra khi my, mt khc nc c cp vo my nho lc iu chnh m cho ph hp. Sau phi liu c a sang my nho n lin hp c ht chn khng bng bng ti cao su s 4. Sau khi qua h thng nho trn ca my, phi liu c a vo bung chn khng, khng kh c ht ra khi phi liu, lm tng rn chc ca gch mc, to ra cng ban u nht nh gip cho qu trnh vn chuyn em phi khng b bin dng. Sau khi qua my n ht chn khng, nh khun to hnh v my ct, cc sn phm to hnh s c to hnh tu theo kch thc, hnh dng nh theo khun ring (gch cc loi, gch nem lt, ngi). Gch mc, ngi mc sau to hnh c cng nhn xp ln xe chuyn dng vn chuyn em i phi trong nh knh. Phi sn phm mc i vi gch mc sau khi to hnh gch c m t 20 - 22% c phi trong khong thi gian t 8-12 ngy tu theo nhit , tc gi lm gim

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT Gch KHO m ca gch mc xung cn 14 - 18%. THAMsau khi phi s c vn chuyn ln xe gong chun b a vo sy, nung Tuynel. Sy, nung gch mc trong l Tuynel Sn phm mc sau khi xp ln xe gong c a vo hm sy Tuynel nh kch thu lc t u hm. Tc nhn sy l kh nng thu hi t vng lm ngui ca l nung. Vi vic ko di hm sy hn so vi cc thit k trc y, gch mc c sy du hn trnh ph phm sau khi sy. Thi gian sy: Khong 22 gi Nhit sy: 80 - 1400c Sau khi qua l sy m gch mc gim cn 0-5% c xe ph, kch y thu lc a vo l nung. Nhin liu c cp nung chn sn phm l than cm. Than sau khi nghin mn c vn chuyn ln nc l v cp qua cc l than theo ng yu cu cng ngh, m bo nung chn sn phm. Nhit nung ti a: 1.0500c Thi gian nung: Khong 32 gi. Ra l, phn loi sn phm Sn phm sau khi qua khi vng nung c l ngui cui l nh h thng thu hi kh nng v lng khng kh t cui l qua 2 qu thi lp trn ca ra. Sn phm sau khi ra l c bc d, phn loi theo tiu chun k thut, tp kt v bi thnh phm bng xe vn chuyn hai bnh.

1.4.1.3. Tnh ton la chn thit b ch bin to hnh a. Cng on ch bin to hnh - T l ph phm khu mc: 5% - T l ph phm khu nung: 3% - Cng sut m rng ca Nh my: 20 triu vin QTC/nm (tng cng sut ton Nh my 40 triu vin QTC/ nm). - Nng sut ca my cn thit p ng gch mc cho sn xut l: 20.000.000 : 300 ngy : 2 ca = 36.173 (vin/ca) 95% x 97% - Nng sut gi my cn thit ca h CBTH l: 36.173 : 8h : 0,8 : 0,8 = 7.065 vin QTC/gi Trong : + 300 ngy: S ngy lm vic trong nm.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI S ca my hot ng trong ngy. + 2 ca: LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

+ 8 gi: Thi gian lm vic 1 ca. + 0,8 : H s s dng thi gian trong ca. + 0,8 : H s s dng cng sut my. Nh vy: m bo cung cp sn phm mc cho dy chuyn la chn h my ch bin to hnh c cng sut ti thiu l 7.500 vin QTC/gi. Vi dy chuyn ch bin to hnh ny, Nh my c th hon ton ch ng trong cng vic sn xut gch, ngi mc, c thi gian ngng ngh bo dng, thay th cc chi tit nhanh mn hng. b. c tnh k thut cc thit b ch bin to hnh h 20 triu vin QTC/nm 1. My cp liu thng:CLT3,2 (1ci) - Nng sut: Q =15 tn/h - ng c in: N = 4+2,2= 6,2Kw - Kch thc bao:4000x2.500x1.450mm - Trng lng my: 3.200kg - Th tch thng cha: 1,4m3 2. My nho trn 400 ( 1 ci ) - Nng sut : Q= 15 tn / h - Cng sut in: 30kw - Trng lng my: 5.500kg 3. My cn th CT800X600(1ci) - Nng sut: Q = 15 tn/h - ng knh qu cn:800mm - Chiu di qu cn: 600mm - Cng sut in: 26Kw - Trng lng my: 3.800 kg - Kch thc bao: 3.500x1.550x1.400mm 4. My cn mn CM 1000X600: (1 ci) - Nng sut: Q =15tn/h - ng knh qu cn:1.000mm - Chiu di qu cn: 600mm - Cng sut in: 40,5kw - Trng lng my: 4.500 kg 5. My nho lc thu lc: (1 ci)

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI sut: CH MANG - Nng LIU Q =15 tn/h TNH CHT THAM KHO

- Cng sut in: 30kw - Trng lng: 3.800 kg - Kch thc bao: 4.000x1.200x1.300mm 6. My nho n lin hp chn khng EVA 400 (1ci) - Nng sut th tch sau p: 15 tn/h (Tng ng 8.000-8.500 vin /h) - Cng sut in: 90,5kw + ng c nho: 30kw + ng c n p: 55kw + ng c bm chn khng:5,5kw - chn khng: 80% - Trng lng: 7.500kg. - Kch thc bao: 5.200x1.700x2.200mm 7. My ct gch t ng: (1ci) - Cng sut: ng h vi my n p - Vn tc ct : 22-24ln / pht - Cng sut in: 3,3kw - Trng lng: 550kg - Kch thc bao: 2.700x900x1.300mm 8. My nghin than: (1ci) - Nng sut: 1.500kg/gi - Vn tc u ba: 35m/s. - Cng sut in: 11Kw - Trng lng: 500kg

9. Hm sy l nung H hm sy- l nung Tuynel thit k m bo hot ng t cng sut 1822 triu vin QTC/nm. Cc thng s k thut ca h hm sy - l nung Tuynel nh sau: a. Hm sy Tuynel. Bng 1.2. Cc thng s k thut ca hm sy Tuynel ca Nh my

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN THAM STT TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHTn v KHO Thng s k thut Hm sy
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 S lng Nng sut Kch thc lng knh Sc cha xe gong Thi gian sy m vo sy m ra sy Nhit sy Ph phm Ci Vin/ngy m Xe Gi % %
0

01 60.000 75.000 48,4x2,0x2,5 24 18-22 14 18 05 80-140 0

Ngun: D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho b. L nung Tuynel. Bng 1.3. Cc thng s k thut ca l nung Tuynel ca Nh my STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Thng s k thut Nng sut Kch thc lng knh Sc cha xe gong Thi gian nung m vo l Nhit nung ti a Ph phm n v Vin / ngy m Xe Gi %
0

L nung 60.000 75.000 64x2,0x2,5 32 28-32 05 1.050

3

Ngun: D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho

1.4.1.4. Cng tc xy dng a. Yu cu k thut Cn c vo din tch ca khu t c quy hoch, trn c s yu cu cng ngh sn xut gch ngi t st nung. Bng cng ngh sy nung Tuynel, phng n b tr tng mt bng l hp khi v phn vng hn hp, cc tuyn cng trnh xy dng m bo theo tnh cht dy chuyn sn xut khp kn lin hon t khu u n khu kt thc. Phng n tng mt bng m bo s dng hp l, khoa hc cho chc nng tng cng trnh trn c s cng ngh. Li dng hng gi ch o, tn

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN dng nhTI LIU CH gip choTNHsn cngTHAM KHO khng b che lp sng t nhin MANG khu CHT phi gch mc bi cc cng trnh xy dng, c kh nng thng gi tt, hp th nh sng t nhin trit gip cho gch mc nhanh kh v khng nhim trong khu vc. b. Phng n b tr tng mt bng. - Tng din tch khu t hin ti ca Nh my l 26.020 m2, din tch xin m rng l 9120 m2, ngoi ra m bo din tch s dng cho khu vc sn bi sn phm, Nh my d kin xin m rng thm khu vc pha trc Nh my vi din tch 4250 m2. - Khu nh ch bin to hnh, nh bao che hm sy v l nung, nh phi gch mc, nh cha t, xng c kh c b tr hp khi vi dy chuyn 1 c. - Nh iu hnh, nh n ca sn c. - Ton b Nh my b tr ng giao thng ni b thun tin cho vn ti. - Xung quanh Nh my thit k h thng thot nc m bo thot nc tt trong ma ma l. c. Gii php kt cu cc hng mc cng trnh chnh. - Phn bao che l: S dng khu nh l sn c. - Nh ch bin to hnh l nh khung thp, mi lp tn v fibr, nn b tng lng phng, chiu cao nh t ct nn ti nh ct 6m. . - Nh phi gch kt cu ct b tng ct thp mi lp tm nha ct si thu tinh trng ly nh sng.

1.4.2 Cc cng trnh ph tr - Gii phng mt bng; - San lp mt bng; - M ng giao thng; - Trng cy xanh; - Cng trnh cp thot nc; - H thng cp in; - Cng trnh x l kh thi. 1.4.2.1.Cng tc gii phng mt bng Khu vc m rng Nh my nm gip Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho hin ti vi din tch 9120m2 (48m x190m). Ch d n lp phng n bi thng, gii phng mt bng theo quy nh ca nh nc hin hnh. 1.4.2.2.Cng tc san lp mt bng

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH khu t nguyn th, Nh my c t trn ton bCHT THAM KHO v tr tng i bng phng. Khi trin khai xy dng s phi san lp v nng ct nn t t nhin ln khong 1,0-1,2m. Ch d n s hp ng vi Cng ty chuyn trch thc hin vic san lp to mt bng xy dng sau khi hon thnh vic gii phng mt bng

1.4.2.3.Cng tc m ng giao thng. Nh my d kin xy dng h thng ng giao thng ni b xung quanh Nh my. 1.4.2.4. Trng vn hoa cy xanh: Ch d n quy hoch trng cy xanh trong khu vc Nh my v trng xung quanh tng ro Nh my phn m rng. Trong khu vc Nh my trng cc loi cy to cnh quan nh: Cau, lc vng, vn tuXung quanh tng ro Nh my, khu vc sn xut trng cc loi cy c tn rng nh keo, bch n, x c gim thiu s pht tn bi, kh thi, ting n ra mi trng xung quanh. 1.4.2.5. Cng tc cp thot nc - Nhu cu cung cp nc cho sn xut ca Nh my khng ln, ch yu cung cp cho t, cng on ch bin to hnh v nc phc v sinh hot. Ngun nc phc v cho sn xut v phc v cho sinh hot s ly t ging khoan qua h thng x l v a vo b s dng. - Do tnh cht ca cng ngh sn xut gch ngi t st nung nhu cu s dng nc cho sn xut l khng ln, ch ch yu dng ngm v pha thm vo nguyn liu trong qu trnh ch bin nn lng nc thi t sn xut ra mi trng l khng c. Nc thi ca Nh my ch yu l cc loi nc thi sinh hot v nc ma chy trn, do nc thi s c x l v thi vo mng thot nc chung ca Nh my ti s dng 1.4.2.6.Cng tc cp in. Bc Giang l mt tnh c h thng li in c nng cp, xy dng trm bin p 125 MVA cp in p 220 KV cho cc trm 110KV ca cc huyn. Hu ht cc tuyn ng in ca huyn u l 110 KV, 35 KV p ng cho nhu cu sinh hot, pht trin sn xut kinh doanh hin ti cng nh tng lai. Hin ti gn khu vc D n ang c ng in trung th 35KV i qua cch tng ro Nh my khong 1,2km nn rt thun tin cho vic xy dng 1 trm bin p cng sut cung cp in cho Nh my hot ng lu di. Vi tng cng sut in cn dng cho D n: 481 KW.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI s dng khng ng thi: 0,8 - H sLIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

- H s cos : 0,8. - Cng sut my bin p cn thit : 48x0,8/0,8= 481 KVA. m bo cng sut in cho D n hot ng n nh, d kin mua 1 my bin p c cng sut 560 KVA lp trong trm bin p sn c ca Nh my (Nh my xy dng 1 trm bin p vi 1 my bin p cng sut 560 KVA) 1.4.2.7. Cng tc x l kh thi Xy dng ng khi cao khong 25m, ng khi c xy dng bng gch, bn trong b tr h thng thp hp th kh c v bi gim thi lng ra mi trng. 1.4.3. Danh mc cc my mc, thit b ca Nh my. 1.4.3.1. Danh mc cc my mc, thit b c ca Nh my. Bng 1.4. Danh mc cc my mc, thit b c ca Nh my
TT I 1 2 3 4 5 6 Tn thit b Thit b ch bin to hnh My cp liu thng CLT 1,4 My nho lc thu lc NLTL- 360 My cn th CT 1000/600 My cn mn CM 1000/600 My nho lc thu lc NLTL- 450 My nho n chn khng ng b (bao gm c bm ht chn khng, my nn kh) NCK-380 My ct gch CT 1200 My nghin than, sng than NB 1,5 Xe bn ch gch mc Bng ti chuyn liu B600 ( 3 ci) Bng ti gch mc B600 Bng ti pha than B500 Bng ti hi liu B500 Vn chuyn thit b n chn cng trnh Thit b l nung hm sy Qut ht kh thi l nung QLT-N.10 Ci 1 87,5% Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci 2 1 1 1 1 1 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% n v S lng Gi tr cn li

7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 II 1

Ci Ci Ci m m Ci Ci H

1 1 25 38 12 5 7 1

87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5%

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 2 Qut ht kh thi hm sy QLT- CHT Ci 87,5% TI LIU CH MANG TNH N.12 THAM KHO 1
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 III 1 2 3 4 Qut tun hon C71 Qut khuy hm sy C71 Qut thu hi kh nng QLT- N.10 Ca ti in gia l nung TK-500 Ca ti in u l sy TK- 500 Qut hng trc lp trn ca l nung QHT- N.5 Ti nng than TK- 750 H thng van gi l nung sy Xe gong bnh thp XG-2*2 Xe ph in 8 bnh XP- 12*6 Kch thu lc l nung KTL- 40/1250 Kch thu lc hm sy KTL- 30/1250 Ti ko gong+puly TK- 2000 Xe vn chuyn gch thnh phm Vn chuyn thit b n chn cng trnh Thit b ph tr My i Komatsu D50 My bin p 560 KVA+ ph kin Thit b vn phng v nh n Thit b c kh cm tay Ci H B B 1 1 1 1 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci H Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci H 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 65 2 1 1 2 20 1 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5%2 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5% 87,5%

Ngun: D n u t xy dng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho 1.4.3.2. Danh mc cc my mc, thit b ca d n D n s u t, lp t cc trang thit b mi phc v cho vic m rng Nh my nh sau: Bng 1.5. Danh mc cc my mc, thit b chnh ca D n
TT I 1 2 3 4 5 6 My nho hai trc My cn th CT 1000/600 My cn mn CM 1000/600 My nho lc thu lc NLTL- 450 My nho n chn khng ng b (bao Tn thit b My cp liu thng CLT 3,2 n v Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci S lng 1 1 1 1 1 1

Thit b ch bin to hnh

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN gm c bm ht chn khng, my nn THAM KHO TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT kh)
NCK-380 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 II 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 III 1 2 3 4 My ct gch CT 1200 My dp ngi My dp nem lt My nghin than, sng than NB 1,5 Xe bn ch gch mc Bng ti chuyn liu B600 ( 3 ci) Bng ti gch mc B600 Bng ti pha than B500 Bng ti hi liu B500 Vn chuyn thit b n chn cng trnh Thit b l nung hm sy Qut ht kh thi l nung QLT-N.10 Qut ht kh thi hm sy QLT- N.12 Qut tun hon C71 Qut khuy hm sy C71 Qut thu hi kh nng QLT- N.10 Ca ti in gia l nung TK-500 Ca ti in u l sy TK- 500 Qut hng trc lp trn ca l nung QHTN.5 Ti nng than TK- 750 H thng van gi l nung sy Xe gong bnh thp XG-2*2 Xe ph in 8 bnh XP- 12*6 Kch thu lc l nung KTL- 40/1250 Kch thu lc hm sy KTL- 30/1250 Ti ko gong+puly TK- 2000 Xe vn chuyn gch thnh phm Vn chuyn thit b n chn cng trnh Thit b ph tr My i DT75 My bin p 560 KVA+ ph kin Thit b vn phng v nh n Thit b c kh cm tay Ci H B B 1 1 1 1 Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci H Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci H 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 65 2 1 1 2 20 1 Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci m m Ci Ci H 1 1 1 1 25 38 12 5 7 1

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH rng Nh my Gch THAM KHO Ngun: D n u t mMANG TNH CHT Tuynel Hip Ho

1.4.4. Nguyn, nhin liu. * Nguyn liu chnh sn xut: - Nh my s dng ngun nguyn liu l t st c khai thc vng quy hoch nguyn liu ca Nh my l khu ng Chim v ng Tu cch Nh my <1km. Kt qu kho st cho thy: Ti khu vc ng Tu c tr lng >80.000m3, ti khu vc ng Chim c tr lng khong 150.000 m3. Ngoi ra a phng cn c 15 ha rung cn h ct t 1-2m chuyn i t trng la sang nui trng thu sn c tr lng khai thc tn thu t khong 150.000200.000m3. - Cht lng ngun nguyn liu ny c Vin Khoa hc Vt liu xy dng thuc B xy dng kim tra hon ton p ng yu cu sn xut gch theo TCVN hin hnh. - D tnh lng t st cn thit sn xut trong mt nm vi cng sut 20 triu vin QTC/ nm khong 22.773 m3/ nm. * Nhin liu s dng cho Nh my: - Nhin liu cung cp cho Nh my l than cm 6 d kin ly t khu vc Qung Ninh c vn chuyn bng phng tin ng thu qua sng Cu v ng b do cc i tc hin ang cung cp than cho nh my cp. - D tnh lng than cn thit sn xut trong mt nm vi cng sut 20 triu vin QTC/ nm khong 2.383,9 tn/ nm. 1.4.5. Hnh thc u t . u t dy chuyn sn xut gch Tuynel vi cng sut thit k 20 triu vin QTC/ nm( tng cng sut ton b Nh my 40 triu vin QTC/ nm). u t m rng 01 dy chuyn mi ng b cc thit b gia cng nguyn liu, to hnh, sy, nung Tuynel lin hp cng ngh sn xut t mc tin tin nht ti Vit Nam hin nay. 1.4.6. T chc sn xut b tr s dng lao ng a. T chc qun l sn xut Sau khi d n i vo hot ng, d kin m hnh t chc qun l sn xut ca Nh my s l mt Nh my di s qun l v iu hnh trc tip ca lnh o Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ha. M hnh t chc qun l ca Nh my c b tr nh sau: - Gim c l ngi ch o, iu hnh mi hot ng sn xut kinh doanh ca Nh my thng qua Ph gim c, cc b phn Phng ban v phn

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM T chc xng sn xut. ng thi trc tip ph trch b phnKHO Hnh chnh v Ti chnh k ton. - Ph gim c l ngi gip vic cho Gim c v cc mt k thut, cng ngh sn xut v kinh doanh. - Cc phng ban chc nng nghip v: Phng Ti chnh - K ton; phng Kinh doanh tip th; phng K hoch vt t k thut v T chc hnh chnh tin lng, phn xng C in; Phn xng Sn xut - Ton b hot ng ca 2 phn xng: Phn xng ch bin to hnh v phn xng x l nhit v hon thnh s do 01 qun c phn xng ph trch chung v chu trch nhim gii quyt mi vn lin quan n chu trnh sn xut. Qun c trc tip iu hnh b phn xp gong, nung t, ra l, phn loi sn phm. c cng s ph trch iu hnh b phn ch bin to hnh v phi o sn phm. Qun c v c cng trc tip theo di tng ca sn xut chu trch nhim iu phi v phn cng nhim v n tng cng nhn, bm st tng cng on sn xut.

b. Nhn lc + B phn qun l: - Gim c - Ph gim c - Phng Ti chnh - K ton - Phng Kinh doanh tip th - Phng K hoch - K thut - Phng TC-HC+ c cng - Qun c phn xng Tng cng + Nhn cng:
TT I 1 II 1 2 Nhn cng Lao ng phc v

: : : : : : : :

01 ngi 01 ngi 02 ngi 02 ngi 01 ngi 02 ngi 01 ngi 10 ngi

S lng 8 124 7

Lao ng phc v ( cp dng, dn v sinh) B phn trc tip sn xut Cng nhn sn xut Cng nhn c kh, in, nc

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANGqun lCHT THAM Nh my S t chc TNH sn xut ca KHO

Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip ho

Gim c Nh my Gch Hip Ho

Ph Gim c

Phng Kinh doanh - Tip th

Phng Ti chnh- K ton

Phng T chcHnh chnh

Phng K hochK thut

Phn xng ch bin to hnh

Phn xng x l nhit v hon thnh

1.4.7.Tng vn u t v ngun vn thc hin d n. Tng mc u t: 19.830.080.455 ng a. Vn u t c nh: 17.500.043.312 ng b. Vn lu ng: 2.330.037.143 ng 1.4.8. Tin v mc tiu phn u thc hin Tin thc hin D n d kin n thng 3/2009 hon thnh v chia lm 3 giai on: - Giai on 1 bao gm cc bc: + Lp v ph duyt d n u t. + Lp thit k k thut thi cng v tng d ton.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI quyt cc MANG TNH theo quy ch hin hnh + Gii LIU CHth tc php l CHT THAM KHO v u t v xy dng. - Giai on 2 bao gm cc bc: + Mua sm thit b. + Thi cng xy dng cc hng mc chnh v lp t thit b. + Xy dng cc hng mc ph tr. - Giai on 3 bao gm cc bc: + o to cng nhn, hng dn vn hnh Nh my. + Vn hnh thit b CBTH chun b gch mc. + Sy l v sn xut th. + T chc nghim thu, bn giao quyt ton cng trnh.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHTII CHNG THAM KHO

IU KIN T NHIN, HIN TRNG MI TRNG V KINH T -X HI KHU VC D N

2.1 IU KIN T NHIN KHU VC D N. 2.1.1 V tr a l. Khu vc D n u t xy dng m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho nm gip Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho hin ti trn khu t thuc x ng, thn G Pho v thn a Hi x Hp Thnh, huyn Hip Ho, tnh Bc Giang vi din tch m rng l 9120 m2 nm trn cc trc ng giao thng: Gip trc ng lin huyn 296 (ng lin huyn ni t Quc l 3 i Quc l 1) cch Quc l 3 khong 3km; nm gn sng Cu thun li cho vic vn chuyn nguyn, nhin liu, sn phm (cch Sng Cu khong 1.000 - 1.500m); Cch thnh ph Bc Giang khong 28 km v cch thnh ph H Ni khong 35 km, cch thnh ph Thi Nguyn 38km. Nh my nm cch khu dn c gn nht khong 500m. 2.1.2. Din tch t nhin khu vc d n Hp Thnh l mt x trung du nm pha Ty huyn Hip Ho. Pha Bc gip vi huyn Ph Yn, tnh Thi Nguyn; pha Nam gip vi huyn Sc Sn thnh ph H Ni. C tng din tch t t nhin l 936,60ha. Trong t canh tc l 507ha. 2.1.3 a hnh. a hnh khu vc thc hin d n bng phng. Phn ln l khu rung canh tc nng nghip ca nhn dn x Hp Thnh, b mt chia ct bi h thng knh mng ti tiu, cc b tha v cc thng trng nm cnh sng Cu. Ton b nc mt ni ng chy theo mng vo ngi v chy qua cng i La chy vo sng Cu. 2.1.4. a cht, thu vn. Cn c vo c im v thnh phn thch hc, tnh thm, tnh cha nc, giu nc v c im thu ng lc c th phn chia a cht thu vn cc n v cha nc v cch nc sau: - Tng cha nc va - l hng trm tch Holocen (Qh): C thnh phn l ct th, ct, bt, st. B dy thay i t 10.4 m - 18.2 m. Kt qu ht nc l khoan LK8 cho thy Q = 2.22 l/s; S = 1.12 m; T = 192 m2/ngy. M = 0.3 - 0.5 g/l, nc thuc loi Bicacbonat - clorua - canxi.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG Holocen - Pleistocen (LCN1 - Lp cch nc trm tch TNH CHT THAM KHO). Thnh phn gm ct pha st, st, st pha loang l. y l tng cch nc c chiu dy t 3 - 5m v l tng bo v tt trnh nhim cho tng cha nc bn di. - Tng cha nc p lc va - l hng trm tch Pleistocen. y l tng cha nc kh phong ph. Nc ngm c cht lng kh tt, tng khong ho M = 0.059 - 0.28 g/l, thuc loi hnh Bicabonat magi - canxi.

2.1.5 c im kh hu. a bn khu vc d n xy dng nm trong vng kh hu chuyn tip gia trung du v ng bng Bc B nn va chu nh hng ca kh hu ng bng Bc B va mang tnh cht ca kh hu trung du. Ma ng thng lnh hn so vi khu vc c cng v tuyn. Nhit , m khng kh, lng ma v s gi nng thay i theo thng v theo ma. Theo nin gim thng k nm 2007: Nhit khng kh: - Nhit trung bnh nm: 24,10C - Nhit trung bnh thng cao nht: 29,3 0C ( thng 6,7) - Nhit trung bnh thng thp nht: 17,6 0C ( thng 1, 12) m tng i ca khng kh: - m trung bnh nm: 81% - m trung bnh thng cao nht: 88% (thng 8). - m trung bnh thng thp nht tuyt i: 74% (thng 12). Lng ma: - Lng ma trung bnh nm: 1326,1mm - Lng ma trung bnh thng cao nht: 371,9mm ( thng 8). - Lng ma trung bnh thng thp nht: 0,4mm( thng 12) Gi: Hng gi ch o trong nm phn ra lm 2 ma: Hng gi ma ng: ng Bc, t thng 11 n thng 3 nm sau. Hng gi ma h: ng Nam, t thng 4 n thng 10. S gi nng: - S gi nng trung bnh nm: 1392,4 gi. - S gi ng trung bnh thng cao nht: 160,4 gi ( thng 5). - S gi nng trung bnh thng thp nht: 21,3 gi ( thng 3)

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT - lch KHO 2.1.6 Cnh quan thin nhin, di tch vn hoTHAMs.

Khu t, D n u t xy dng m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ha thuc Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ha l khu t trng la v hoa mu nhng hin nay c qui hoch lm khu cng nghip Cu Vt, hin ti c Cng ty C phn Ho Sn, Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ha ang hot ng. D n khng nm trong khu danh lam thng cnh, di tch lch s. 2.2. HIN TRNG KINH T X HI Hin ti x Hp Thnh c 500 h gia nh. 2.2.1.iu kin v kinh t 2.2.1.1. Cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip v ngnh ngh nng thn. Nhng sn phm chnh gm: Vt liu xy dng, dng ni tht, ch bin lng thc, thc phm, ti ch sn xut ht nha th. Tc tng trng bnh qun hng nm t 11%. T trng cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip trong c cu kinh t chim 51,3%. n nm 2008, s doanh nghip hin c: 01 Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho vi 149 cng nhn, 8 c s sn xut ht nha mi c s c t 15- 20 lao ng, c 320 c s sn xut kinh doanh c th. Tng s lao ng sn xut cng nghip, tiu th cng nghip, ngnh ngh khong 1500/4000 lao ng chim 37,5% lao ng ton x. 2.2.1.2. Nng nghip. * Tc tng trng 4%/ nm. * Gi tr nng nghip: 27.958.588.000 , chim 48,7%. * C cu trong nng nghip: - Chn nui: Tng s tru, b, nga l 1400 con. Tng n ln l 5000 con. Tng thu nhp t chn nui t khong 13.979.000.000 chim 50% gi tr nng nghip. - Nui trng thu sn: Tng din tch = 68 ha. Thu nhp khong 4.238.000.000 / nm. - Trng trt: Thu nhp khong 13.979.000.000 , chim 50%. Thu nhp bnh qun / 1 ha canh tc = 30.000.000 / nm. 2.2.2.iu kin v x hi a. Hin nay x c 1 trng THCS, 02 trng tiu hc v cc thn u c nh tr mu gio. - Trng mm non c 16 phng hc vi 346 chu. - Trng tiu hc s 1 c 26 lp, trng tiu hc s 2 c 14 lp.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO - Trng trung hc c s c 24 phng vi 904 hc sinh. b. Y t: X c 1 trm y t vi 6 cn b, 6/ 6 thn u c cn b y t thn bn. X cha c bc s: - Cc bnh truyn nhim c gim st thng xuyn. Trong 2 nm khng c dch bnh xy ra. Ch thng trc c duy tr thng xuyn, nhn vin y t u nm c kh nng s cu. - 100% cc chu trong tui u c chm sc theo cc chng trnh y t Quc gia, c tim phng y . - T l ph n c thai c tim phng l 158 ch em t 100%.

2.3. HIN TRNG HOT NG CA NH MY. Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho vi cng sut 20 triu vinQTC/ nm c xy dng nm 2007 v i vo hot ng t n nay vi c cu sn phm sn xut nh sau. Bng 2.1. C cu sn phm
TT 1 2 3 4 Tn sn phm Gch 2T-R60 Gch 6V-R150 Gch 60 Gch NT cc loi Cng Kch thc (mm) 220x105x60 220x150x105 220x105x60 200x200x16 200x250x16 Sn lng ( vin) 10.000.000 1.200.000 1.333.333 775.194 1.851.852 15.160.379 Trng lng 1 2,5 2,3 1,8 2,65 K (QTC) 1 2,5 1,5 1,1 1,6 Sn lng ( vin QTC) 10.000.000 3.000.000 2.000.000 1.000.000 4.000.000 20.000.000

Ngun: D n u t xy dng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho 2.3.1. S dy chuyn cng ngh sn xut gch Tuynel. * S cng ngh sn xut gch Tuynel
Kho than Kho nguyn liu

My nghin than

My i

Than nghin

Cp liu thng, my thi t

My pha than

Bng ti cao su s 1

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

My nho n lin hp

My ct gch t ng

Bng ti ra gch

Xp xe vn chuyn

Nh phi c mi che

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

2.3.2. Cc bin php bo v mi trng. 2.3.2.1. Bin php bo v mi trng thc hin. a/ Cc gii php gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh. Nh my gch Tuynel Hiph Ho vi cng sut 20 triu vin QTC / nm i V hot ng thi vo mi trng khng kh cc cht nhim vi ti lng nh sau: - Ti lng nhim khng kh khi vn hnh l sy nung. Bng 2.2. Ti lng nhim khng kh khi vn hnh l sy nung ( Mi nm s dng ht khong 1.787,65 tn than) Cht gy nhim Bi nh mc pht thi kg/ tn nhin liu 1,16 Tng lng pht thi kg/nm 2.073,67

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CO 1,4 2.502,71

SO2 NO2 THC

0,018 12,1 0,37

32,18 21.630,56 661,43

- Ti lng cc cht nhim khng kh thi ra t cc phng tin giao thng: Hng ngy c khong 30 lt xe / ngy hay 2.5 lt xe/ gi (xe vi ti trng 3.5 tn / xe) chy vo v ra khi Nh my. Bng 2.3. Ti lng cc cht nhim thi ra t cc phng tin giao thng Cht nhim Bi SO2 NO2 CO THC Khi lng (kg) 0,027 0,129 0,354 0,18 0,087

Nh my trng cc loi cy c tn rng xung quanh khu vc nhm hn ch pht tn bi; Ti khu vc hm sy- l nung c ng khi cao 18m. b/Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng nc. nhim mi trng nc ch yu do nc thi sinh hot v nc ma chy trn, lng nc thi sn xut nh khng ng k Vi tng s cn b, cng nhn ang lm vic trong Nh my l 149 ngi th lng nc thi sinh hot thi ra l 11,4 m3/ ngy m. - Nh my u t xy dng h thng x l nc thi sinh hot nhm gim thiu tc ng ca nc thi sinh hot n mi trng xung quanh: Nh my xy dng h thng thu gom, b pht t hoi x l nc thi sinh hot. - Nh my c gii php gim thiu tc ng mi trng ca nc ma chy trn qua mt bng nh sau: Nc ma chy trn ca Nh my c thu gom vo h thng cng ring. Nh my xy dng h thng cng rnh dc theo cc nh xng, tng ro v xung quanh bi cha nguyn liu thu gom nc ma. Dc theo h thng cng rnh, Nh my xy dng cc h ga (c 12m c 1 h ga) thu gom cc cht rn l lng v c k hoch thu gom nh k lng cht rn l lng ny.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU gom, x l cht thi rn. c/Cc gii php thu CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

- Cht thi rn sn xut: + Lng tro x ti l nung gch ( khong 3 m3/ ngy): Nh my cho cng nhn thu gom, nghin nh v ti s dng li, lm vt liu san lp mt bng ni b Nh my v khu khai thc t nguyn liu. + Sn phm mc khng t yu cu ( khong 1.085.190 vin QTC/ nm): Nh my cho cng nhn thu gom ti s dng lm nguyn liu sn xut. + Sn phm khng t yu cu sau khi nung( khong 618.558 vin QTC/ nm): Nh my b tr cng nhn thu gom vo ni quy nh sau cht thi ny c th s dng san lp mt bng, san lp ng giao thng hoc bn cho nhn dn xy dng cc cng trnh ph (tng ro, ng i,.) - Cht thi rn sinh hot ( khong 44,7 kg/ ngy): Nh my s dng cc thng rc hoc cc bao b t ti nh n ca, nh bp cng nhn b cht thi. Nh my hp ng vi t v sinh cng cng ca a phng thu gom vn chuyn n bi x l cht thi tp trung theo quy nh. 2.3.2.2.Cc bin php x l mi trng cn tn ti, cha thc hin trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my. - Nc thi: Nh my cha c h thng thot nc thi v nc mt ring bit. - Kh thi: Nh my cha c h thng thu gom bi, cha xy dng h thng x l kh thi hm sy- l nung Tuynel. - Thu gom cht thi rn: Nh my cha c h thng thu gom cht thi rn sinh hot hp v sinh xung quanh Nh my( thng ng rc thi sinh hot c lp y). - Ting n: Nh my cha c bin php gim thiu ting n t TCVN (5937,5938-2005). - Cc tuyn ng chnh xung quanh Nh my, sn bi cha c b tng ho. 2.4. HIN TRNG MI TRNG T NHIN KHU VC D N. nh gi hin trng mi trng khu vc cng nh to c s cho vic nh gi nhng thay i n mi trng khu vc trong tng lai, nhm cng tc thc hin vic kim tra, kho st, ly mu, phn tch nh gi cht lng mi trng khu vc D n. Kt qu phn tch cc thng s mi trng c trnh by nh sau:

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO 2.4.1. Hin trng mi trng khng kh.

a/ Ngun gy nhim. Nhng ngun gy nhim chnh ti khu vc D n bao gm: - Bi, kh c sinh ra t cc hot ng ca cc c s sn xut cng nghip trn a bn - Bi, kh c sinh ra t cc hot ng ca Nh my. - Bi v cc cht kh c sinh ra t cc phng tin giao thng vn ti hot ng trn cc tuyn ng ln cn. - Bi v kh c sinh ra t cc hot ng khc. b/ Hin trng mi trng khng kh. *Cc ch tiu kho st. Nhit , m, tc gi, bi, ting n, SO2, NO2 , CO, H2S, NH3, HCN. *Phng php kho st. Cc thng s mi trng c kho st trong ngy lin tc. Cch ly mu theo tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam (TCVN 2005). Kt qu ly mu phn tch c so snh vi TCVN5937-2005 (Cht lng khng kh - Tiu chun cht lng khng kh xung quanh) * V tr kho st: Nh trn s ly mu S ly mu khu vc d n
Rung
NMNM

KK III

KK II

(3)

Nh bao che (5) l nung hm sy

(4)

(2)

(1)

KK I

NN

ng

Khu vn phng

KK IV

Rung

Rung

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

Ghi ch : (1): Nh ch bin to hnh ca Nh my (2): Nh ch bin to hnh ca D n m rng (3): Nh phi gch mc ca D n m rng (4): Nh phi gch mc ca Nh my (5): L t gch ca D n v l t gch xy dng ca Nh my (trong nh bao che l nung sy) KKI: Mu khng kh ly trong xng gch mc. KKII: Mu khng kh ly ti nh phi gch mc. KKIII: Mu khng kh ly ti l t gch KKIV: Mu khng kh ly ti khu vn phng v cng vo. NM: Mu nc mt ly ti rung khu m rng D n. NN: Mu nc ngm ly ti ging khoan ca D n Kt qu kho st c th hin trn Bng 2.2 Bng 2.4.Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh Ngy ly mu: 24/6/2008 Ngy phn tch: 25-30/6/2008 V tr ly mu:Ti nh my
TT Ch tiu phn tch 1 2 3 4 Nhit m Tc gi Ting n n v
0

TCVN 5937 - 2005 75(TCVN 5949-1998)

Kt qu KKI 27 80 Kph 80-85 KKII 29 79 0.2 77-79 KKIII 34 81.2 0.1 76 KKIV 32 82 0.5 66-68

% m/s dBA

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 5 BiTI LIU g/m3MANG TNH 5937-2005) 100 l lng CH 300 (TCVN CHT THAM KHO 135 210 125
6 7 8 9 10 11 SO2 NO2 CO H2 S NH3 HCN g/m3 350 g/m3 200 g/m3 30000 g/m3 42 (TCVN 5938-2005) g/m3 200 g/m3 10 65.9 25.6 1000 0.5 Kph Kph 166.6 21.3 5000 0.1 0.5 Kph 230.1 120.6 1 20 Kph Kph Kph Kph Kph Kph

20000 Kph

Ghi ch: (-): Khng quy nh; (Kph) :Khng pht hin; KKI: Ti trong xng gch mc. KKII: Ti nh phi gch mc. KKIII: Ti l t gch KKIV: Ti khu vn phng v cng vo. Nhn xt: Kt qu phn tch mu khng kh ti cc v tr ly mu cho thy: Hm lng ting n KKI: Vt 1,07-1,13 ln; KKII: Vt 1,03-1,05 ln; KKIII: Vt 1,01 ln. Hm lng cc ch tiu phn tch khc c gi tr nm trong gii hn cho php theo TCVN ( 5937, 5938- 2005). 2.4.2. Hin trng mi trng nc. Ni dung kho st mi trng nc bao gm: - Kho st tm hiu cc ngun nc trong khu vc - Chn v tr, tin hnh ly mu v phn tch trong phng th nghim c tin hnh theo TCVN tng ng. Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng nc c th hin trn Bng 2.5 v 2.6 Bng 2.5: Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng nc mt Ngy ly mu: 24/6/2008 Ngy phn tch:25-30/01/2008 V tr ly mu: Ti rung khu m rng D n
TT 1 2 3 Ch tiu pH BOD5 COD n TCVN 5942 Bv 1995 5.5-9 7.0 8 14.1 Kt qu

mg/l 25 mg/l 35

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 4 DO mg/l 2 3.2 TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Cht rn l lng Fe NO2Amoniac CNMn Cu Zn Pb mg/l 80 mg/l 2 mg/l 0.05 mg/l 1 mg/l 0.05 mg/l 0.8 mg/l 1 mg/l 2 mg/l 0.1 30 0.0066 0.038 Kph Kph 0.4 0.0003 0.862 0.005

Ghi ch: (-) : Khng quy nh; Kph : Khng pht hin; Nhn xt: Kt qu phn tch mu nc mt cho thy : - Hm lng cc ch tiu phn tch u c gi tr nm trong gii hn cho php theo TCVN 5942B :1995. Bng 2.6: Kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng nc ngm Ngy ly mu: 24/6/2008 Ngy phn tch : 25-30/6/2008 V tr ly mu : Ti ging khoan ca D n
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ch tiu phn tch pH cng Fe Clorua Nitrat CN
-

n v mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l

TCVN 5944-1995 6.5-8 300-500 2 200-600 45 0.01 750-1500 0.1-0.5 1 5 0.05

Kt qu 7.1 162 0.0136 17.75 6.7 Kph 350 0.3 0.0003 0.679 0.0006

Cht rn tng hp Mn Cu Zn Pb

Ghi ch: (-) : Khng xc nh ; (Kph): Khng pht hin . Nhn xt: Kt qu phn tch mu nc ngm cho thy :

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO Hm lng cc ch tiu phn tch u c gi tr nm trong gii hn cho php theo TCVN 5944 :1995.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CHNG III

NH GI CC TC NG MI TRNG 3.1. NGUN GY TC NG 3.1.1. Ngun gy tc ng c lin quan n cht thi: 3.1.1.1. Cc ngun pht sinh cht thi rn a/ Ngun pht sinh bi: * Trong qu trnh thc hin D n giai on xy dng Nh my, cc ngun pht sinh bi vo khng kh bao gm: - Qu trnh san lp mt bng v xy dng Nh my - t vn ti trn ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu, thit b phc v cho vic xy dng cc cng trnh xy dng. * Khi d n hon thnh giai on xy dng c bn v bt u i vo sn xut n nh th cc ngun pht sinh bi bao gm: - Hot ng ca t cc loi trong qu trnh vn chuyn sn phm i tiu th v nguyn vt liu cung cp cho qu trnh sn xut. - Qu trnh nghin than. - Qu trnh nung ca l nung Tuynel. - Cng on phn loi, nhp kho, xp kiu, bc d sn phm. b/ Ngun pht sinh cht thi rn: * Trong giai on xy dng Nh my: - Qu trnh xy dng Nh my, san lp mt bng, - Rc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn trong qu trnh xy dng. * Trong qu trnh Nh my i vo hot ng sn xut: - Rc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn pht sinh t khu nu bp, nh n, khu nh , khu vn phng. - Cht thi rn sn xut: Gch, ngi v khng tiu chun, tro x sinh ra do s dng than ti l nung, qu trnh sy, qu trnh to hnh sn phm, 3.1.1.2. Ngun pht sinh ting n * Ngun pht sinh ting n trong qu trnh xy dng Nh my: T hot ng san lp, m ln mt bng, t phng tin vn ti vn chuyn nguyn vt liu xy dng, t cc thit b my mc. * Ngun pht sinh ting n trong qu trnh Nh my i vo sn xut: - T phng tin giao thng vn ti: Qu trnh vn chuyn sn phm i tiu th v nguyn vt liu; - T my mc thit b: My phi trn nguyn liu, my nho n, my ct

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI ti, my nghin than t ng, bngLIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

- Qut thng gi nh xng. 3.1.1.3. Ngun pht sinh cht thi dng kh Cc cht kh c hi hoc chy n c th pht sinh l: CH4, CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, pht sinh do cc ngun sau: - Pht sinh do hot ng ca t, my xc trn mt bng sn cng nghip v trn khu vc ng t vn ti. - Thot ra t trong cc l nung, l sy. - T cc bp than nh n tp th ca cng nhn. 3.1.1.4. Ngun pht sinh cht thi lng - Nc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn. - Nc ma chy trn trn sn cng nghip. 3.1.2. Ngun gy tc ng khng lin quan n cht thi * Ngun gy bi lng dng chy ca cng thot nc chung trong khu vc: - Nc ma trong qu trnh san lp mt bng xy dng Nh my; - Nc ma chy trn trn mt bng sn Nh my; - Nc ma chy trn qua mt bng bi cha nguyn liu ca Nh my. * Thay i mc ch s dng t: Do qu trnh u t xy dng Nh my ly mt i mt phn t sn xut nng nghip ca nhn dn. 3.1.3. D bo cc ri ro v s c mi trng do d n gy ra - S c trong qu trnh Nh my hot ng sn xut: Trong qu trnh vn hnh cc thit b hm sy, l nung, - S c chy n, chp in; - S c tai nn lao ng; - Ngp ng khu vc Nh my do c thin tai. 3.2. I TNG QUY M B TC NG CA D N Cc i tng b tc ng khi thc hin d n bao gm: - i tng t nhin: Mi trng khng kh, mi trng nc, mi trng t, a hnh, cnh quan, dng chy ca sng sui, h sinh thi. - i tng kinh t, vn ha - x hi ca x Hp Thnh. 3.2.1. Tc ng i vi mi trng t nhin: 3.2.1.1. i vi mi trng khng kh: Tc ng i vi mi trng khng kh gy ra bi bi, kh c hi, ting n. Tc ng ny ng k nht, ko di sut thi gian Nh my hot ng, song

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN phm vi TI hngCH MANGch yu i vi nhng cng nhn lm vic trc nh LIU khng ln, TNH CHT THAM KHO tip khu vc sn xut. Cn i vi vng ln cn tc ng n mi trng khng kh l khng ng k.

3.2.1.2. i vi mi trng nc: Tc ng ny gy ra do nc ma chy trn v nc thi sinh hot ca cn b cng nhn. N c tc ng khng ln n nc ngm v nc mt trong sut thi gian D n i vo hot ng sn xut kinh doanh, v ngun nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn khong: 11,4 m3/ngy m. Ngun nc thi ny c x l qua h thng b pht c lu lng thp. 3.2.1.3. i vi mi trng t: - Trong qu trnh xy dng: Cc tc ng i vi mi trng t ch l vic san gt mt bng khu t xy dng Nh my. Tc ng ny ch din ra trong thi gian ngn (khong 6 thng). - Trong qu trnh Nh my hot ng: Tc ng i vi mi trng t l vic khai thc t st lm nguyn liu phc v qu trnh sn xut. Tc ng ny ko di sut thi gian Nh my hot ng. 3.2.1.4. i vi cnh quan a hnh: Vic thc hin D n ch chim mt phn din tch t lm mt bng Nh my (9120 m2) do khng lm thay i nhiu v mt cnh quan a hnh khu vc. 3.2.1.5. i vi h sinh thi: Mc tc ng ca D n i vi h sinh thi khu vc v vng ln cn l khng ln. 3.2.2. i vi con ngi, kinh t, vn ha x hi trong vng D n c tc dng gp phn ng k cho vic to cng n vic lm cho 149 lao ng gp phn pht trin kinh t, vn ha x hi ca x Hp Thnh ni ring v huyn Hip Ha ni chung. Tuy vy, n cng c mt phn tc ng tiu cc n con ngi nh lm tng s ngi mc bnh v ng h hp, cng nh xy ra tai nn giao thng, tai nn lao ng. 3.3. NH GI CC TC NG N MI TRNG 3.3.1. Cc tc ng trong giai on thi cng xy dng ca D n. 3.3.1.1. Cc tc ng n yu t kinh t- x hi. * Tc ng tch cc: - To cng n vic lm cho cc n v, cc c nhn tham gia xy dng cc hng mc cng trnh, pht trin dch v,

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH * Tc ng tiu cc: MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

- Cc s c lao ng c th xy ra khi thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh: + Tai nn do xe c vo cng trnh vi s lng ln. + Ln st nn t trong qu trnh san lp. + Gy ra cc bnh ngh nghip cho lc lng cng nhn thi cng do ting n v bi gy ra. - C th xy ra cc t nn x hi nh: C bc, trm cp gy mt trt t an ton x hi khu vc khai trng. 3.3.1.2. Tc ng n mi trng t nhin. 1/ nhim mi trng khng kh do bi v kh thi a. Kh thi: Kh thi c thi ra do cc my mc, cc thit b xy dng chuyn dng, cc phng tin giao thng vn chuyn VLXD v ph thi, cc ng c ny ch yu dng nhin liu du diezen, khi c t chy trong ng c, nhng loi nhin liu ny s sinh ra cc cht kh c kh nng gy nhim mi trng nh: Hydrcacbua (HC), CO, NOx, SOx v bi. H s nhim trong trng hp ny ph thuc vo cng sut v ch vn hnh ca cc loi phng tin (chy khng ti, chy chm, chy nhanh, chy bnh thng). Do ngun pht thi cc kh thi trong giai on thi cng ca D n l thp nn kh nng pht tn i xa ca chng l khng ln. Chng ch nh hng trc tip n cng nhn ang lm vic trong khu vc v trong vng bn knh nh hng (200m) theo chiu hng gi. Nh my nm cch khu dn c gn nht l 500m nn nh hng ca kh thi n khu dn c l khng ng k. b. Bi: Qu trnh san nn c xem l ngun pht sinh bi ng k nht trong giai on thi cng xy dng i vi mi cng trng xy dng, bi cng pht sinh ti bi cha nguyn liu v c trong qu trnh vn chuyn vt liu xy dng. y l loi bi c kch thc ln, nn khng pht tn xa. V vy, chng ch gy nhim cc b ti khu vc thi cng v cc khu vc cui hng gi, nh hng trc tip n cng nhn tham gia thi cng trn cng trng. Cc khu vc dn c u nm cch khu vc hot ng ca D n trn 500m, nn tc ng ca bi n cc khu dn c l khng ng k. 2/ Tc ng nhim ting n Trong qu trnh xy dng: San nn, o p v lm ng s tp trung cc phng tin my mc khi tham gia thi cng xy dng v cc phng tin

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH vt liu do s pht giao thng vn ti vn chuyn nguyn CHT THAM KHO sinh ting n vi mc p m dao ng t 70 90dBA v din ra lin tc trong qu trnh xy dng. Vi mc p m nh vy s nh hng trc tip n sc khe cc cn b cng nhn lm vic trc tip trn cng trng.

3/ Tc ng rung do thi cng Nguyn nhn gy rung ng trong qu trnh xy dng ch yu do cc thit b nh: My t dp, my p cc, xe lu rung, m rung hoc do cc phng tin giao thng c trng ti ln. Nhn chung rung ng ch tc ng mnh trong phm vi 20m, ngoi phm vi 100m s rung ng ny hu nh khng c tc ng nh hng. Do D n nm cch xa khu dn c nn tc ng rung do thi cng ti mi trng l nh v nh hng khng ng k. 4/ Tc ng n mi trng nc a. Tc ng n mi trng nc ngm: Trong qu trnh san lp v o p, do yu cu k thut khu vc D n c m, lu, gia c nn t dn n gim ti xp ca t, gim din tch thm ca nc mt xung tng cha nc ngm, nh hng n tr lng nc ngm. Tuy nhin, trong khu vc D n khng khai thc nc ngm quy m ln m ch s dng nc ging khoan phc v sinh hot ca cng nhn Nh my nn tc ng l khng ln. b. Tc ng n mi trng nc mt: * Tc ng ti mi trng nc mt: Trong giai on ny ch yu l vic lm tng c ca ngun nc do s ra tri t trong qu trnh thi cng, san nn v o p; ngoi ra cn c mt lng du, m do hot ng ca cc my mc thi cng, ca cc xe vn chuyn nguyn vt liu thi ra mi trng. Khi lng ny thng nh v s c thu gom hng ngy nn nh hng ca chng ti mi trng l khng ln. * Trong qu trnh xy dng, thng xuyn c khong 35 cng nhn lm vic trn cng trng. Tng lng nc s dng ( Tiu chun dng nc cho sinh hot theo quy nh 20/TCN 33-85 ca B Xy Dng l 60 lt /ngi/ngy): 60lt x 35 ngi = 2.100lt/ngy = 2,1 m3 /ngy Lng nc thi sinh hot bng 90% lng nc cp. Do vy lng nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn tham gia thi cng xy dng d n khong: 1,9m3/ngy.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM b, cc Nc thi sinh hot ch yu cha cc cht cn KHO cht l lng (SS), cc hp cht hu c (BOD5 ), cc cht dinh dng (NO3-, PO43-) v cc vi sinh vt. Theo thng k tnh ton ca T chc Y t Th gii, khi lng cht nhim ca mi ngi hng ngy thi vo mi trng (nu khng x l) s l:

Bng 3.1.Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot (nh mc cho 1 ngi/ngy)
STT Cht nhim 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 BOD5 COD TSS Tng Nit Amoni Tng Pht pho Tng Coliform Khi lng (gam/ngi/ngy) 44 - 54 72 - 102 70 - 145 6 - 12 2,4 - 4,8 0,8 - 4 Vi sinh (NPK/100ml) 106 - 109

Ngun: Theo thng k tnh ton ca T chc Y t th gii (WHO). Nh vy, ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot ca d n trong giai on xy dng vi 35 cng nhn nh sau:

Bng 3.2.Ti lng cc cht nhim trong nc thi sinh hot (nh mc cho 35 ngi/ngy)
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 BOD5 COD TSS Tng Nit Amoni Tng Pht pho Cht nhim n v kg/ngy kg/ngy kg/ngy kg/ngy kg/ngy kg/ngy Ti lng 1,54-1,89 2,52-3,57 2,45-5,075 0,21-0,42 0,084 0,168 0.028- 0,14

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH gim THAM ng ny Ch D n phi c cc bin phpCHTthiu tcKHO (c trnh by trong phn cc bin php gim thiu nhim ca bo co TM).

5/ Tc ng ti h sinh thi Vic xy dng Nh my ly i mt khong nh din tch t canh tc, trng trt ca nhn dn trong vng, nh hng n cc h ng thc vt sng trong khu vc ny. Lm thay i cc loi chn khp, thnh phn cc nhm giun v h cn trng trong khu vc, c bit l hm lng cc cht l lng v cc cht hu c trong thu vc tng, mt v sinh khi sinh vt ni tng, gy hin tng ph dng ti cc thu vc. Tuy nhin, cc tc ng ny nh v khng th trnh khi. 6/ Tc ng do cht thi rn. a. Cht thi rn xy dng t, ct, ... pht sinh trong qu trnh xy dng nu khng c x l, gp tri ma, bo s lm thu hp dng chy ca cng thot nc chung trong khu vc. Mc gy nh hng ph thuc vo trnh k thut v qun l thi cng. Cc v bao xi mng, st thp tha, mnh g vn, v thng... nu khng c thu gom s tc ng tiu cc n mi trng v gy lng ph. b. Cht thi rn sinh hot Cng trng xy dng s tp trung khong 35 ngi. Ly tiu chun x rc thi l 0,3 kg/ngi/ngy, d bo lng rc thi s l 10,5 kg/ngy, trong thnh phn hu c (rau, c qu, cm tha...) chim t 55 n 70%. 3.3.2. Cc tc ng ti mi trng trong giai on D n i vo hot ng sn xut kinh doanh. 3.3.2.1. Tc ng n cc yu t KT XH. Khi D n i vo hot ng, ngoi nhng yu t gy nh hng tiu cc nh: Bi, ting n, s gia tng lu lng giao thng vn ti dn ti s nh hng n an ton cho li xe v ngi tham gia giao thng, mt s bnh ngh nghip ny sinh... cn c nhiu mt tch cc nh sau: - To cng n vic lm v thu nhp n nh cho 149 ngi. - ng gp thm cho ngn sch a phng qua cc khon thu, ph... - Gp phn thay i c cu kinh t theo hng Cng nghip - Dch v ca a phng. 3.3.2.2. Tc ng n mi trng khng kh. 1) Tc ng ca bi v kh thi c hi:

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH hot ng sn xut: Khi thi t cc * Kh thi do ccMANG TNH CHT THAM KHO ngun t nhin liu m ch yu l t than khu vc l sy, nung pht sinh ra kh thi vi thnh phn ch yu l bi, SO2, NO2, CO, CO2,... c trng cc ngun gy nhim mi trng khng kh ca cng ngh sn xut gch Tuynel nh sau:

Bng 3.3.c trng cc ngun gy nhim mi trng khng kh

TT 1 2 3 Cng ngh sn xut Cng on ch bin to hnh Cng on sy nung SP Kho, bi thnh phm c trng cc ngun gy nhim khng kh Bi nguyn liu, bi t, bi than, ting n.. Bi nguyn liu, cc cht c hi t khi l sy nung: Bi, SO2, NO2, CO, ting n.. Bi nguyn liu, bi thnh phm v ting n

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

* Quy trnh cng ngh ch bin to hnh v cc ngun gy nhim

Kho nguyn liu Ting n

Kho than Bi, ting n

My nghin than

My i

Than nghin

Cp liu thng, my thi t

Bi, ting n Bi, ting n,

My pha than

Bng ti cao su s 1

My nho trn

Bi, ting n Ting n Ting n

Bng ti cao su s 2 My cn th

Bng ti cao su s 3

Ting n

My cn mn

Ting n

My nho 2 trc c li lc

Nc b sung

Bng ti cao su s 4

Ting n

My nho n lin hp

Ting n

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO Trn c s cng sut v cng ngh sn xut, p dng h s nhim i vi cng ngh sn xut gch Tuynel v c tnh ca nhin liu, c th xc nh c ti lng cc cht gy nhim mi trng khng kh do cng on sy nung to ra.

Bng 3.4: D bo ti lng nhim khng kh khi vn hnh l sy nung Vi cng sut 20 triu vin QTC/ nm. (Mi nm s dng ht khong 2.383,94 tn nhin liu cho l sy nung) nh mc pht thi kg/ tn nhin liu 1,16 1,4 0,018 12,1 0,37 Tng lng pht thi kg/nm 2.765,37 3.337,5 42,91 28.845,67 882,06

Cht gy nhim Bi CO SO2 NO2 THC

Vy vi cng sut ton Nh my 40 triu vin QTC/ nm th ti lng cc cht gy nhim mi trng khng kh : Bng 3.5. Ti lng nhim khng kh khi vn hnh l sy nung vi cng sut 40 triu vin QTC/ nm ( mi nm s dng khong 4.171,59 tn than) nh mc pht thi kg/ tn nhin liu 1,16 1,4 0,018 12,1 0,37 Tng lng pht thi kg/nm 4.839,04 5.840,27 75,09 50.476,24 1.543,49

Cht gy nhim Bi CO SO2 NO2 THC

- Kh thi t cc hot ng giao thng vn ti: Lu lng xe vo Nh my s sinh ra mt lng kh thi ng k c thnh phn l bi, SO2, NO2,...

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH vo cht lng ng, Mc nhim ph thuc nhiuCHT THAM KHO mt lu lng xe, cht lng k thut xe qua li, s lng nhin liu tiu th v ch vn hnh cc loi phng tin ( chy khng ti, chy chm, chy nhanh, chy bnh thng). Theo ti liu k thut K thut nh gi nhanh nhim mi trng ca t chc Y t Th gii (WHO) 1993 thit lp tnh cho xe chy du Diesel ( vi hm lng lu hunh S=1%) vi tc trung bnh 25Km/ gi, trng ti 3,4-16 tn, khi xe chy trn 1km ng s thi ra nhng cht nhim vi lng nh sau.

Bi khi (g) 0,9

SO2(g) 4,29

NO2(g) 11,8

CO (g) 6,0

THC (g) 2,6

Ngun: Ti liu K thut nh gi nhanh nhim mi trng ca T chc Y t Th gii (WHO). Khi D n i vo hot ng d tnh trung bnh hng ngy c khong 30 lt xe/ngy (xe vi ti trng 3.5 tn/xe). Nh vy, ti lng nhim bi, SO2, NOx, CO do cc phng tin giao thng thi ra trong cc ngy cao im ti Nh my l: Cht nhim Bi SO2 NO2 CO THC Khi lng (kg) 0,027 0,129 0,354 0,18 0,087

Ton Nh my c khong 60 lt xe/ ngy. Vy ti lng cc cht nhim thi ra do cc phng tin giao thng l. Cht nhim Khi lng (kg) Bi 0.054 SO2 0,257 NO2 0,708 CO 0,36 THC 0,156 - Kh thi t cc hot ng khc: Nh nho t, khu vc tn tr, cng sinh ra kh thi nh NH3, H2S, CH4, ... Hot ng sinh hot ca con ngi trc tip hoc gin tip gy nhim mi trng khng kh. Cc hot ng trc tip gy nhim nh t du, than

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH Cc hot ng gin tip nh KHO ci, t rc, thp sng MANG TNH CHT THAM thi cc cht thi, phn rc .. vo mi trng. Do s phn hu ca cc cht thi gy ra mi hi thi, gy nhim mi trng nh NH3, H2S

3.3.2.3. Tc ng n mi trng nc a/ Tc ng do nc thi sn xut Trong qu trnh sn xut, D n c s dng nc phi liu v trn phi liu, lm mt cc thit b bm, nc s dng phun sng thu bi trong ng khi. V th nc thi sn xut l khng ng k c tnh khong 4m3/ngy, thnh phn ch yu trong n l TSS vi lng khng nhiu. D vy, cng cn c bin php x l thch hp trc khi thi ra ngun tip nhn. b. Tc ng do nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn. * Khi D n i vo hot ng s cn b, cng nhn vin l 149 ngi. Nc thi sinh hot pht sinh do v sinh ca cng nhn v nc phc v cho n ca. Lng nc thi sinh hot thi vo mi trng c tnh nh sau: + Nc dng cho v sinh ca ngi lao ng trong c s sn xut: Tiu chun dng nc cho sinh hot theo quy nh 20/TCN 33-85 ca B xy dng l 60 lt/ngi/ngy. Q1 = 149 x 60 = 8.940 lt/ngy = 8,94 m3/ngy) + Nc dng cho nhu cu chun b ba n ca ngi lao ng trong c s sn xut. Theo tiu chun TCVN 4474-87, lng nc dng cho nh n tp th tnh cho 1 ngi vi mt ba n l 25 lt nc. Vy lng nc thi t nh n l: Q2 = 149 x 25 = 3.725 l/ngy = 3,725 m3/ngy + Tng lng nc dng cho sinh hot ca c s l: Qsh = Q1 + Q2 = 8,94+3,725= 12,665 m3/ngy. Trong : Q1- l nc dng cho v sinh ca ngi lao ng. Q2- l nc dng cho nhu cu n ung ca ngi lao ng Qsh- tng lng nc dng cho sinh hot. + Tng lng nc thi sinh hot bng 90% tng lng nc cp = 11,4 3 m /ngy m. - Nc thi sinh hot ca D n ch yu l nc thi sau khi phc v cho sinh hot ca cng nhn nh: V sinh, tm ra, nc thi t nh bp, nh n ca. Lng nc thi ny theo tnh ton khong 11,4 m3/ngy m.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG ca ton Nh my vi cng * Vy nc thi sinh hotTNH CHT THAM KHO sut 40 triu vin QTC/ nm, tng s cn b cng nhn 298 ngi c tnh nh sau: + Nc dng cho v sinh ca ngi lao ng trong Nh my Q1 = 298 x 60 = 17.880 lt/ngy = 17,88 m3/ngy + Nc dng cho nhu cu chun b ba n ca ngi lao ng trong Nh my Q2 = 298 x 25 = 7.450 l/ngy = 7,45 m3/ngy + Tng lng nc dng cho sinh hot ca ngi lao ng trong Nh my l: Qsh = Q1 + Q2 = 17,88 + 7,45 = 25,33 m3/ngy. + Tng lng nc thi sinh hot bng 90% tng lng nc cp = 22,8 m3/ngy m. - Nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn ch yu cha cc cht cn b, cc cht l lng (SS), cc cht hu c (BOD, COD), cc cht dinh dng (N, P) v cc vi sinh vt. - Nc thi sinh hot cha nhiu cht hu c d phn hy sinh hc, s nhim do cc cht hu c s dn n suy gim nng oxy ho tan trong nc do vi sinh vt s dng oxy ho tan phn hu cht hu c. Oxy ho tan gim s khin cho cc loi thu sinh trong thy vc thiu oxy sinh sng. Ngoi ra, y cng l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng ph dng ngun nc. khc phc cc tc ng tiu cc ca nc thi sinh hot, c th s dng cc cng trnh x l cc b mang tnh kh thi cao v d thc hin ngay c vi chi ph thp (B t hoi ci tin). c.Tc ng do nc ma chy trn. - Nc ma chy trn trn b mt sn bi cha nguyn liu v sn Nh my. Vo ma ma lng nc ma chy trn ph thuc vo ch ma ca khu vc. - Nc ma chy trn trn sn Nh my: Nc ma chy trn ko theo bi t mi nh, t ct t sn bi, ng i, - Nc ma chy trn trn b mt sn bi cha nguyn liu: Nc ma chy trn s ko theo t, ct, Lng nc ma chy trn ny cn ko theo cc cht l lng vo ngun nc mt trong khu vc. Nc ma chy trn khi x vo h thng ao h, rung mng, sng ngi th s gy nh hng cho cht lng nc mt nh gy ngp ng, lm gim v nh hng n thy sinh trong lu vc.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH chc Y t Th gii, nng cc cht Theo thng k tnh ton ca T CHT THAM KHO nhim mi trng trong nc ma chy trn c th hin bng sau:

Bng 3.6.Nng cc cht nhim c trong nc ma chy trn.

STT 1 2 3 4 Tng Nit Tng Phot pho COD TSS Ch tiu Nng (mg/l) 0.5 - 1.5 0.004 - 0.03 10 - 12 10 - 20

Ngun: Thng k tnh ton ca t chc Y t Th gii 3.3.2.4. Tc ng n mi trng t: Cc tc ng ny bao gm: (1) S suy gim cht lng t ti khu vc Nh my v vng ph cn; (2) Tc ng mi trng ca s bin i a hnh do hot ng khai thc t st lm nguyn vt liu sn xut. (3) Tc ng do cht thi rn: Trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my pht sinh cc loi cht thi rn sau: *Cht thi rn sinh hot (CTRSH). Cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh t khu nu bp, nh n, khu nh , khu vn phng... - Theo nh gi nhanh ca T chc Y t th gii, c tnh bnh qun mi ngy, mt ngi thi ra t cc nhu cu sinh hot ca mnh khong 0,3 kg/ngy. - Rc thi sinh hot ca cn b, cng nhn ch yu l thc n tha, giy n ti nh n ca, nh bp. Khi D n i vo sn xut n nh vi tng s cn b, cng nhn l 149 ngi th lng rc thi ra hng ngy c tnh nh sau: 149 ngi x 0,3 kg/ngi/ngy = 44,7 kg/ngy. =>Lng rc thi sinh hot ca ton Nh my vi cng sut 40 triu vin QTC/ nm, tng s cn b, cng nhn 298 ngi : 298 ngi x 0,3 kg/ngi/ ngy = 89,4 kg/ ngy Ngoi cc cht thi rn sinh hot, trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my cn pht sinh ra cht thi rn ti khu vn phng, pht sinh do qu trnh sa cha thit b my mc. Thnh phn rc thi sinh hot ch yu l cc cht hu c d phn hu (rau tha, v hoa qu, thc n tha...). Giy ph thi v cc loi ph thi t khu

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU Cc thnh phn kh phn THAM bao b, phc v vn phng.CH MANG TNH CHT hu nhKHO hp ng thc n, ung bng nilon, thu tinh, kim loi... c xu hng gia tng. Nh my phi t cc thng thu gom rc v phn cng nhn vin v sinh thu gom rc hng ngy ti ngun pht sinh.

* Cht thi rn sn xut (CTRSX). *Cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh hot ng sn xut ca D n gm: - Lng tro x sinh ra do s dng than ti l sy nung. Cng ngh sn xut gch Tuynel s dng than pha ln vi t nguyn liu v mt phn nh than s dng trong l nung nn lng x than thp, c tnh khong 3m3 x than/ngy. Lng tro x ny Nh my s thu gom, nghin nh v ti s dng. - Ph phm khu mc: nh mc cho 1 nm khong 21.703.800 vin gch mc, t l ph phm khu mc khong 5%, nn lng cht thi c tnh nh sau: 21.703.800 x 5% = 1.085.190 vin QTC/nm - Ph phm sau khi nung: T l ph phm sau khi nung khong 3%, nn c tnh lng cht thi sau khi nung l: (21.703.800 - 1.085.190)x 3% = 618.558 vin QTC/nm. * Vi tng cng sut ton Nh my 40 triu vin QTC/ nm th tng lng cht thi rn sn xut l: + Lng tro x 3+3= 6 m3/ ngy. + Ph phm khu mc: 1.085.190 + 1.085.190 = 2.170.380 (vin QTC/ nm). + Ph phm sau khi nung 618.558+ 618.558 = 1.237.116 ( vin QTC/ nm) Nh vy, thi lng cht thi rn trong qu trnh sn xut ca D n tng i ln, cht thi rn ca Nh my khng thuc loi cht thi nguy hi, khng cha cc ho cht c nhng nu khng c thu gom v qun l thch hp s gy nh hng xu n cnh quan mi trng. Khi b nc ma cun tri, s lm nhim bn cc ngun nc nh gia tng hm lng cht rn l lng, c hoc nh hng n cc cng trnh thot nc. Trong iu kin thi tit hanh kh, nng nng, gi s cun theo bi, pht tn vo mi trng gy nhim khng kh. 3.3.2.5. Tc ng n h sinh thi.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU n MANG TNH hoch THAM KHO Khu vc D CHnm trong qui CHT khu cng nghip Cu Vt, thuc cnh ng sn xut nng nghip lin rung nn nh hng ca D n ti ti nguyn sinh thi ca khu vc l ng k. Tuy nhin, Nh my c k hoch xy dng h thng mng ti tiu thot nc chung ngoi khu vc d n v m bo khng nh hng n sn xut canh tc nng nghip ca nhn dn. Ch d n phi quy hoch trng cy xanh trong khun vin Nh my, cy xanh c trng theo h thng ng giao thng ni b, vn hoa, cy xanh cch ly gia cc khu vc sn xut to nn mi trng sinh thi v cnh quan tt cho Nh my.

3.3.2.6. S c chy n v an ton lao ng. (1) S c mi trng. S c chy n, chp in xy ra c th dn ti thit hi v kinh t x hi v lm nhim c ba h sinh thi nc, t v khng kh mt cch nghim trng. Hn na n cn nh hng ti tnh mng con ngi, ti sn ca nhn dn trong vng. Trong qu trnh sn xut gch phi lu ti quy trnh vn hnh v an ton ca thit b l sy, nung. (2) Tai nn lao ng trong qu trnh sn xut. Cc nguyn nhn c th dn n tai nn lao ng: + Cng nhn khng tun th nghim ngt cc ni quy v an ton lao ng; + Bt cn khi vn hnh cc my mc thit b, tip xc vi in, la; + Ri hng ho khi bc d, tai nn giao thng trong khu vc. Xc sut xy ra s c tu thuc vo thc chp hnh ni qui v quy tc an ton lao ng ca cng nhn trong tng trng hp c th, nu xy ra tai nn lao ng th Ch d n khng nhng thit hi v kinh t m cn nh hng n sc khe v tnh mng ca cng nhn, gy hu qu xu trong qu trnh sn xut kinh doanh. Do vy, vn m bo an ton lao ng cho cng nhn trc tip sn xut phi c Ch u t xem xt v thc hin nghim tc, do , vic hun luyn v cc quy nh an ton trong lao ng sn xut l vn ht sc cn thit.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CHNG IV

BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG XU, PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG

4.1. CC BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC TRONG GIAI ON THI CNG XY DNG D N

4.1.1. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh. Cc cng on trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng nh: o mng, ng cc, san nn, bc xc nguyn vt liu, phun sn, hn kim loi,... hu nh c thc hin ngoi tri. Do , cc cht nhim d dng khuch tn vo mi trng khng kh. Mc d hm lng pht tn l khng ln nhng Ch d n phi p dng cc bin php hn ch s lan to sang cc khu vc xung quanh, trnh nh hng trc tip n sc kho cng nhn lao ng. Ch D n phi p dng cc bin php sau gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh: - Khu vc thi cng xy dng cc hng mc chnh phi c cc bin php nhm gim pht tn bi, kh thi trong qu trnh thi cng cc hng mc cng trnh: my mc thit b phi m bo cc yu t gim kh thi, gim rung. - Ti nc nhng khu vc thi cng, trn tuyn ng vn chuyn nguyn vt liu vo khu vc thi cng D n gim bi. - Khng s dng cc phng tin chuyn ch t qu c v khng ch nguyn vt liu qu y, qu ti v phi c bt che ph trong qu trnh vn chuyn. 4.1.2. Cc bin php gim thiu ting n. gim thiu ting n t my mc, thit b v cc phng tin xe c gii, Ch d n phi p dng cc bin php sau: + Kim tra mc n ca thit b, nu mc n ln hn gii hn cho php th phi lp cc thit b gim m; + Khng s dng cc thit b c, lc hu c kh nng gy n cao; + Thng xuyn duy tu bo dng cc thit b my mc, thc hin ch b sung du m theo nh k. Ngoi ra, hn ch s nh hng ca ting n trong qu trnh xy dng n hot ng ca khu vc xung quanh, cc my mc gy ting n ln nh cng on p cc, my o, my m nn,... khng c vn hnh vo ban m

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN trnh tc TI LIU sinh hot ca TNH nhn vTHAM KHO hot thng ngy ng n CH MANG cng CHT cuc sng sinh ca nhn dn gn khu vc thi cng.

4.1.3. Cc bin php gim thiu rung ng. gim thiu rung ng Ch d n phi thc hin cc bin php sau: + Bin php kt cu: Cn bng my, lp cc b tt chn ng lc,.... + Bin php cng ngh: u tin s dng vt liu phi kim loi, thay th nguyn l lm vic kh nn bng thu kh, thay i ch ti lm vic,... + Bin php dng cc kt cu n hi gim rung nh hp du gim chn, thay th gi n hi kim loi, m n hi kim loi bng gi n hi cao su, m n hi cao su... c lp gia my v b my ng thi c nh k kim tra hoc thay th, hoc c loi c lp c nh trn my v c xem nh l mt b phn hoc chi tit ca my: Gh li gim rung, tay nm cch rung. 4.1.4. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng nc. Cc nh hng n mi trng nc trong giai on ny do hot ng ca cc xe san i t, xe ch nguyn vt liu, nc thi xy dng, nc thi sinh hot. Bin php khng ch nhim mi trng nc bao gm: a/ i vi nc thi sinh hot: + Gim thiu nc thi bng vic c nh v sinh hot tp trung cho cng nhn, xy dng nh v sinh tm. Nh v sinh tm phi cch xa ngun nc s dng v cng trnh v sinh c xy dng theo ng tiu chun, quy phm cng nh cc quy nh v sinh ca B Y t v B Xy dng (20 TCVN 51-84). + Thng xuyn kim tra, no vt, khng bn, t, rc xm nhp vo ng thot nc thi. ng thot nc thi sinh hot tm thi s c a vo tuyn quy hoch hay h thng thot nc tu theo tng giai on thc hin xy dng Nh my. Phi m bo nguyn tc khng gy tr ngi, lm mt v sinh cho cc hot ng xy dng Nh my cng nh khng gy nh hng n h thng thot nc thi chung ca khu vc. b/ i vi nc ma v nc thi thi cng. + Nc ma t khu trn vt liu c dn vo h thng thu gom ring, x l s b, khng cho pht tn ra mi trng. + Xy dng h thng thot nc thi cng v vch tuyn phn vng thot nc ma. Cc tuyn thot nc ma m bo tiu thot trit , khng gy ng ngp trong sut qu trnh xy dng v khng gy nh hng n kh nng thot thi ca cc khu vc bn ngoi D n.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH nc ma, nc thi thi cng c + Cc tuyn thot MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO thc hin ph hp vi quy hoch thot nc ca D n ni ring v khu vc ni chung. + Khng tp trung cc loi nguyn vt liu gn, cnh cc tuyn thot nc phng nga x t, ct, vt liu xy dng vo ng thot thi khi c ma. Ch d n phi thng xuyn kim tra, no vt, khi thng khng ph thi xy dng xm nhp vo ng thot nc gy tc nghn.

4.1.5. Cc bin php qun l cht thi rn (CTR). - Thc hin tt phn loi cht thi rn sinh hot v xy dng trong giai on xy dng. Hn ch cc ph thi pht sinh trong thi cng. Tn dng trit cc loi ph liu xy dng phc v cho chnh hot ng xy dng Nh my. Rc thi sinh hot v cc ph liu xy dng s c tp trung ring bit ti cc bi cha quy nh cch xa ngun nc ang s dng v thu cc n v c chc nng chuyn n ni quy nh. - Xy dng ln tri tm cng vi nh v sinh, h thng cp thot nc tm thi, trnh tnh trng nc t ng, m bo v sinh mi trng cho cng nhn v cn b. Lp ni quy v sinh ti cc ln tri, gio dc cng nhn c thc gn gi v sinh v bo v mi trng. 4.1.6. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng khc. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh, mi trng nc v qun l cht thi rn trnh by trn gp phn ng k vo vic gim thiu nhim mi trng. Ngoi ra phi ch trng n cc bin php sau: - Nghim cm cc hnh vi x cht nhim, cht gy hi xung cc knh mng, sng sui, cc vng trng hoc s dng san lp mt bng. - Chn vt liu san lp thch hp: Ct, t ln x. 4.1.7. Cc gii php an ton v sinh lao ng (VSL) v phng chng s c mi trng. a/ Cc gii php an ton VSL. Trong qu trnh tin hnh xy dng c th xy ra tai nn lao ng. Do , tt c cng nhn tham gia trn cng trng xy dng u phi c hc tp v cc quy nh an ton v sinh lao ng, Ch d n phi c b phn y t ti cng trng thi cng. Cc cng nhn trc tip thi cng vn hnh my mc phi c o to thc hnh, bao gm: - Cung cp, ph bin cc a ch lin h trong trng hp khn cp: Bnh vin, cng an PCCC.... - Ph bin cc ti liu hng dn thao tc vn hnh my mc an ton.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU my mc phi c kim THAM KHO - Cc thit b CH MANG TNH CHTtra nh k.

- C h thng n chiu sng phc v thi cng cho nhng ni cn lm vic v ban m. - Phi c ro chn, cc bin bo nguy him ti nhng ni c kh nng ri, ng, in git. - Cung cp y cc trang thit b phng h c nhn nh: M bo h, gng tay, khu trang, knh hn,.... v phi c nhng quy nh nghim ngt v s dng . - Ln tri tm cho cng nhn phi thong mt, hp v sinh, c nh tm, nh v sinh y , c phng y t cp pht thuc men v s cu tai nn. - Che chn nhng khu vc pht sinh bi v dng xe ti nc ti ng v cc loi vt liu nh trn b tng chng bi..... - Tuyn truyn trn cc phng tin thng tin i chng ti cc x, khu dn c ln cn v cc tc hi ca kh c hi, ting n, rung,... nhn dn c bit v hn ch i li trong khu vc thi cng trnh tai nn c th xy ra. b/Cc gii php phng chng s c mi trng v trt t tr an. hn ch mc thp nht nhng s c xy ra trong hot ng thi cng dn n s c mi trng, Ch d n p dng cc gii php k thut cng nh nng cao nng lc qun l, c th nh sau: - Lp t thit b cha chy theo ng tiu chun quy phm (TCVN 262295) ti cc khu vc c nguy c chy n. - Lp t thit b an ton cho ng dy ti in v thit b tiu th in. - nh k kim tra mc tin cy ca cc thit b an ton (Bo chy, cha chy, chng st, automat..) v c bin php kp thi thay th. - ra cc ni quy lao ng, hng dn c th v vn hnh, an ton cho my mc, thit b, ng thi kim tra cht ch v c bin php x l i vi cc c nhn, n v vi phm. - Trong khu vc cng trng thi cng phi b tr lc lng bo v thng xuyn hn ch nhn dn, ngi khng c nhim v i li trong khu vc v gii quyt cc vn nh trm cp ti sn, tai nn giao thng... 4.2. CC BIN PHP GIM THIU TC NG TIU CC KHI NH MY I VO HOT NG SN XUT. 4.2.1. Bin php gim thiu nhim mi trng khng kh Nh phn tch trong Chng 3, bi v kh thi pht sinh t qu trnh sn xut ca Nh my c th tm tt li thnh cc ngun chnh sau:

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI nhim khng kh do phng tin giao KHO a/ Gim thiuLIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAMthng

Nh trnh by, nhim bi, kh thi t cc phng tin vn chuyn s nh hng n cht lng mi trng khng kh, qu trnh sn xut nng nghip, cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn trong khu vc. Bin php phng chng, gim thiu cc tc ng gy nhim khng kh trong qu trnh hot ng ca cc phng tin giao thng l rt cn thit. gim thiu ti a cc tc ng ny, Ch d n phi thc hin cc bin php sau: - Khi vn chuyn, cc phng tin vn chuyn phi c cc tm bt che ph nhm hn ch ti a cc tc ng do bi ri vi v khuch tn vo mi trng khng kh do tc dng ca gi. Ch d n phi trang b xe i thu gom t ri vi trn ng trong khu vc ca Nh my thng xuyn trong ngy trnh pht sinh bi ra khu vc xung quanh - Nh my phi trang b 1 xe ti nc c dung tch bn cha 5m3. Cng tc ti nc c thc hin thng xuyn trong ngy nhm gim lng bi pht tn trong khng kh, s ln ti tu theo thi tit, vo nhng ngy kh hanh s ln ti khong 2- 4 ln/ngy. - C ch iu tit xe vn ti ch t nguyn liu, sn phm hp l trnh hin tng tc nghn giao thng ti cc tuyn ng i vo khu Nh my. - Tt c cc xe vn ti, my mc tham gia vn chuyn u c kim tra nh k t tiu chun ca cc ng kim v mc an ton mi trng mi c php hot ng, phc v cho vic vn chuyn nguyn vt liu n v sn phm i tiu th. - V lu di Ch d n phi trng cy c tn l rng xung quanh khu vc Nh my nhm hn ch pht tn bi. Cc loi cy trng phi ph hp vi iu kin th nhng, c kh nng chn bi tt, khong cch gia cc cy khong 2 m, chiu rng ca hng cy bao quanh khu vc d n ti thiu l 5m. - B tng ho cc tuyn ng chnh trong khu vc d n hn ch mc pht sinh bi. Ngoi bi, cc phng tin giao thng vn ti ch yu s dng nhin liu l du DO. Khi ng c t chy nhin liu ny s pht sinh cc cht gy nhim khng kh nh SO2, NO2, CO, THC... hn ch nhim khng kh do kh thi ca cc phng tin giao thng ra vo Nh my, Ch u t s tp trung thc hin cc bin php sau: - Khng cho xe n my trong khi ang giao, nhn hng. - Xe ch ng trng ti hng quy nh, s dng ng nhin liu vi thit k ca ng c v chp hnh nghim chnh cc quy nh v lu thng.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI b khu trang, gng tay, CHT THAM nhng - TrangLIU CH MANG TNHknh mt .... choKHO ngi lm vic ti cc khu vc c kh nng pht sinh nhim khng kh. - Thng xuyn kim tra v bo tr cc phng tin vn chuyn, m bo tnh trng k thut tt. - Cc phng tin phi m bo cc iu kin lu hnh, trong thi hn cho php theo ng quy nh ca B Giao thng vn ti. - Cc phng tin giao thng vn ti khi lu thng phi t tiu chun v kh thi, ting n ghi trong Thng t 02/TT-MTg ngy 20/01/1996 ca B Khoa hc, Cng ngh v Mi trng v hng dn thc hin khon 2, iu 71- iu l v Trt t an ton giao thng ng b v an ton giao thng th ban hnh km theo Ngh nh s 36/CP ngy 29/05/1995 ca Chnh ph. - Cht lng mi trng khng kh sau khi p dng cc bin php gim thiu tc ng mi trng khng kh phi t tiu chun TCVN 5937 2005 tnh trung bnh 1 gi vi cc ch tiu nh sau: CO < 30 mg/m3, SO2 < 0,35 mg/m3 , NO2 < 0,2 mg/m3, Bi l lng < 0,3 mg/m3.

b/ X l kh thi do hot ng sn xut Theo quy trnh cng ngh sn xut ca Nh my c pht sinh mt s kh thi cng nghip l CO, CO2, NO2, SO2... ca phn xng hm sy- l nung Tuynel vi nng v ti lng nht nh nh trnh by Chng 3. Theo thit k Nh my c bin php k thut gim thiu cc ngun kh c hi bng cch p dng cc quy trnh nh: cn i lng nhin liu, phi trn kh nn sao cho nhin liu c chy trit , tn dng kh nng sau khi ht mt chu trnh l tip tc t chy nhin liu trong chu trnh tip theo. Nh vy, trong qu trnh sn xut tit kim nhin liu, nng lng t s lm gim thiu pht thi (kh thi cng nghip c hi). Mt khc ng khi ca l nung c nng cao lm gim nhim cc b (Nh my phi xy dng ng khi m bo chiu cao 25m). V c bn th kh thi ca Nh my t tiu chun TCVN 5937-2005, ring nng SO2 trong kh thi ti l nung sy s cao hn tiu chun cho php nn Nh my b tr lp t h thng x l kh thi x l mt cch trit . X l nhim bi than ti khu vc l nung Tuynel Ti khu vc l nung, Nh my phi t h thng chp ht t ti ca ht khi, bi sau qua h thng xyclon v thit b lc bi tay o tch bi trc khi thi qua ng khi thi ra mi trng S x l bi than nh sau:

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO 2

Bi

7 4

Bi Bi

Ghi ch

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Ngun pht sinh bi Chp ht ng ht Xyclon Lc bi tay o Qut ht ng khi

Gim thiu nhim bi ti khu vc bi cha nguyn liu v ra sn phm Ti khu vc bi cha nguyn liu v khu vc ra sn phm lun pht sinh ra bi (do hot ng phn loi, xp kiu v vn chuyn gch). Ch d n phi u t cc thit b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn lm vic trc tip trong khu vc ny, nh: Khu trang, qun o, knh, hn ch cc tc ng ca bi n sc kho ngi lao ng. c/ X l bi v kh thi pht sinh t mt s cng on khc. Mt s cng on khc nh: Nu n, khu lu tr cht thi rn ...ngun thi ny khng ng k, d khuch tn vo mi trng khng kh do khng gian rng thong. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim t cc ngun ny s c xen k trong cc bin php gim thiu nhim nhit, ting n. d/ Thi gian hon thnh cng trnh x l bi v kh thi. Cc thit b lc bi v x l kh thi trong cc phn xng sn xut ca Nh my cn c Ch d n thc hin trong qu trnh lp t thit b my mc

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH Nh my i vo hot ng chnh thc. v hon thnh trc khi MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO Ch u t bo co bng vn bn n S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Bc Giang, UBND huyn Hip Ho v phng Ti nguyn mi trng huyn Hip Ho v cng tc lp t thit b gim thiu cc tc ng nu trn cc c quan ny tin hnh kim tra nghim thu trc khi a Nh my vo hot ng chnh thc.

4.2.2. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim nhit. Trong qu trnh sy nung sn phm s pht sinh nhit ln v pht tn ra mi trng xung quanh, gim s tc ng do nhit gy ra Nh my phi p dng cc bin php sau: - L sy nung c thit k c lp cch nhit (lp x cch nhit) gia tng l, lp t h thng iu chnh nhit nung cho ph hp vi tng loi sn phm, trnh trng hp nhit qu cao hoc qu thp s gy nh hng n cht lng sn phm v cng nhn trc tip sn xut trong xng, b tr cc qut lm mt tng l gim bt lng nhit ln pht tn ra mi trng. - Dng cc bin php lm thng gi thng thong nh xng. Thng thong nh xng c th s dng 2 phng php sau: +Thng thong nh xng t nhin: Thng thong nh xng t nhin l phng php li dng s chnh lch v nhit , p sut v gi gia bn ngoi v bn trong nh xng. Nguyn l ca phng php ny c m t nh sau. S nguyn l ca h thng thng gi t nhin

+ Thng gi cng bc (S dng qut ht gi) S dng qut ht gi cng nghip c cng sut ln ti cc nh xng p khun, to gch mc, khu vc l sy nung. Khng kh trc khi thi ra mi

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG sch bng mng lc c kh trng bn ngoi phi c lmTNH CHT THAM KHO nng thu bi. H thng thu hi bi c trnh by theo s sau:

S h thng thng gi cng bc Khng kh t cc PX sn xut

QUT HT THNG GI

Thi kh thi ra ngoi

Ch d n phi thng xuyn kim tra v lm sch h thng thu hi bi h thng qut thng gi hot ng vi hiu qu cao. i vi Nh my sn xut gch Tuynel th phi s dng c hai phng php thng gi t nhin v thng gi cng bc. i vi khu sy gch mc th phi s dng phng php thng gi t nhin. i vi cc nh xng sn xut th phi s dng phng php thng gi cng bc c qut ht gi cng nghip cng sut ln.

* Thi gian hon thnh cng trnh gim thiu nhim do nhit. Cc bin php thng thong nh xng cng bc phi c thit k v thc hin trong qu trnh thi cng xy dng. Nh my phi m bo hon thnh cc cng trnh ny trc khi i vo hot ng sn xut. 4.2.3. Cc bin php gim thiu ting n, rung. Cc bin php khng ch nhim ting n, rung cho cc hot ng sn xut ca Nh my c thc hin nh sau: - S dng m chng n c lp t ti chn ca qut v thit b; - Nhng ni iu hnh sn xut c b tr cch ly ring; - Kim tra s cn bng ca my khi lp t. Kim tra mn chi tit my mc, thit b v cho du bi trn thng k. - Lp ng gim thanh cho cc my n v cc thit b gy ting n. - c mng my khi lng (b tng mc cao), tng chiu su mng, o rnh ct kh hoc than ci trnh rung theo mt nn. - Lp t m cao su v l xo chng rung i vi cc thit b c cng sut ln. - Trng cy xanh c tn rng xung quanh khu vc sn xut, nh xng,... gim thiu ting n, rung. Din tch cy xanh trng trong khu vc Nh my phi m bo t l 15% tng din tch t.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT trng nc 4.2.4. Cc bin php gim thiu nhim miTHAM KHO

a/ X l nc cp Hin ti, ti khu vc cha c h thng cp nc sinh hot tp trung, khi D n i vo hot ng, Nh my s dng ngun nc ging khoan qua h thng lc dng cho nc sinh hot. Nh my xy dng mt h trm bm, b cha nc ph v cho sinh hot. - Nc ging khoan bm a qua h thng gin ma tip xc vi xy ca khng kh xy ho cc ion kim loi nng thnh dng hydroxit kt ta, sau qua b lc th lc cc cht rn l lng c kch thc ln, tip theo qua b lc tinh lc cc cht rn l lng c kch thc b v cc loi vi khun, cui cng nc qua x l t tiu chun cho php theo TC-1329-2002/BYT/Q c cha tp trung vo b cha. S x l nc ging khoan

Dn ma, xy ho Nc ging khoan B lc th B lc tinh

B cha

S dng

b/X l nc thi sinh hot * Nc thi ca D n khi i vo sn xut n nh ch yu gm nc thi t khu v sinh, nc thi t nh bp, nc thi t nh n ca. Nc thi sinh hot ch yu l nhim sinh hc cha ch yu l cc hp cht hu c d phn hu sinh hc, theo tnh ton trn th lng nc thi sinh hot ca D n mi ngy khong 11,4 m3/ngy. Gii php hp l x l nc thi sinh hot l s dng phng php sinh hc (hm biogas kiu b t hoi 5 ngn). - Th tch yu cu ca b: V1 = d.Q Trong : V1 - Th tch b t hoi Q: Lu lng nc thi: 11,4 m3/ngy

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TId - Thi gian lu vi iuCHT THAM nhit i gi ma, thng LIU CH MANG TNH kin kh hu KHO chn d = 4 ngy V1 = 11,4 m3/ngy x 4 ngy = 45,6 m3 - Th tch phn bn:

Wb = b.N/1000 m3 Trong : N - S ngi b - Tiu chun tnh ngn cha bn. (b = 60 l/ngi) Wb = 60 x 149/1000 = 8,94 m3. - Tng th tch b t hoi = V1+Wb = 45,6 + 8,94 = 54,54 m3. * Ton Nh my vi tng cng sut 40 triu vin QTC/ nm, s cn b cng nhn 298 ngi, lu lng nc thi thi ra l 22,8 m3/ ngy th th tch b t hoi c tnh nh sau: - Th tch yu cu ca b: V1= 22,8 m3/ ngy x 4 ngy = 91,2 m3 - Th tch phn bn Wb =b.N/1000 m3 = 60x298/1000 = 17,88 m3. - Tng th tch b t hoi = V1+Wb = 91,2+17,88= 109,08 m3 Nc thi sinh hot c dn vo h thng b BASTAF. B BASTAF cho php tng thi gian lu bn, nh vy hiu sut x l tng trong khi lng bn cn x l li gim. Cc ngn cui cng l ngn lc k kh, c tc dng lm sch b sung nc thi, nh cc vi sinh vt k kh gn bm trn b mt cc ht ca lp vt liu lc, v ngn cn l lng tri ra theo nc. Nc thi sau x l t tiu chun theo TCVN 6772-2000 mc II (Tiu chun thi, nc thi sinh hot) c nhp chung vo h thng thot nc chung dn vo mng v chy ra sng Cu S h thng x l nc thi sinh hot nh sau:
Nc thi vo B BASTAF Nc sau x l

S nguyn l h thng x l nc thi sinh hot

Nc thi vo

2 4 1 3

Nc ra

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

Ch thch: Ngn s 1, 2, 3: Ngn lng Ngn s 4,5: Ngn lc - Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh b t hoi ci tin: Nc thi c a vo ngn th nht ca b, c vai tr lm ngn lng ln men k kh, ng thi nh iu ho lu lng v nng cht bn trong dng thi. Nh cc vch ngn hng dng, cc ngn tip theo, nc thi chuyn ng theo chiu t di ln trn, tip xc vi cc vi sinh vt k kh trong lp bn hnh thnh y b trong iu kin ng, cc cht nhim hu c c cc vi sinh vt hp th v chuyn ho, ng thi tch ring 2 pha (ln men axit v ln men kim). Loi b t hoi ny cho php tng thi gian lu bn, nh vy hiu sut x l tng trong khi lng bn cn x l li gim. Cc ngn cui cng l ngn lc k kh c tc dng lm sch b sung nc thi nh cc vi sinh vt k kh gn bm trn b mt cc ht ca vt liu lc v ngn cn l lng tri theo nc. S dng b BASTAF x l nc thi sinh hot cho php t hiu sut tt, n nh. Hiu sut x l trung bnh theo hm lng SS, COD, BOD5 t 70 - 77%, gp 2 - 3 ln b t hoi thng thng. Nc thi sau khi x l t tiu chun theo TCVN 6772 2000 mc II. - Nh my xy dng khu v sinh vi khu x l nc thi sinh hot nhng ch p ng c cho s cng nhn ang lm vic hin ti (khong 150 ngi). V vy, Nh my cn phi xy dng b sung thm khu v sinh vi khu x l nc thi. Th tch khu v sinh vi khu x l nc thi sinh hot cn phi xy dng b sung l 55m3. Khu vc v sinh c phn chia thnh hai khu nam, n ring bit. Mi khu vc u b tr khu thay qun o, phng tm git v v sinh,... thun li cho vic v sinh ca cng nhn. Cht lng nc thi sinh hot sau khi p dng bin php x l bng b t hoi s t tiu chun TCVN 67722000 mc II vi cc ch tiu nh sau: BOD5 < 30 mg/l, SS < 50 mg/l, TS < 500 mg/l, tng N < 30 mg/l, tng P < 6 mg/l, tng coliform < 1000 MPN/100ml. c/ Gim thiu nc ma chy trn Nc ma chy trn ca Nh my c thu gom vo h thng cng ring. Nh my xy dng h thng cng rnh, b lng dc theo cc nh xng, tng

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH thu THAM KHO ro v xung quanh bi cha nguyn liuCHT gom nc ma. Dc theo h thng cng rnh, Nh my xy dng cc h ga thu gom cc cht rn l lng v c k hoch thu gom nh k lng cht rn l lng ny. Lng nc ma chy trn ny c th ti s dng phc v sn xut, trong cng on ngm, ,.... nh k kim tra, no vt h thng dn nc ma, kim tra pht hin hng hc sa cha kp thi. m bo duy tr cc tuyn hnh lang an ton cho h thng thot nc ma. Khng cc loi rc thi, cht lng c hi xm nhp vo ng thot nc.

S thu gom x l nc ma chy trn

Nc ma H thng rnh thot nc h ga B cha lng

Song chn rc

Ti s dng

Cng thot nc quanh khu vc Nh my c kch thc Di x Rng x Cao: 1.500m x 0,6m x 0,8m. d/ Thi gian hon thnh cng trnh x l. S cng ngh x l nc thi

Nc thi t nh v sinh

B t hoi 5 ngn

Nc thi t nh bp

Song chn rc

H iu ha lng, lc t nhin

H thng thot nc chung, ti s dng

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO H thng thot nc ma v nc thi phi hon thnh trc khi nh my i vo sn xut. Ch u t phi mi cc c quan QLNN v bo v mi trng tin hnh nghim thu v kim tra trc khi trm x l nc thi i vo hot ng.

4.2.5. Trng cy xanh gim thiu nhim mi trng. Bin php trng cy xanh gim thiu nhim mi trng c th hin nhng mt tch cc sau: - Gim bc x nhit; - Gim nhit khng kh, nhit b mt, tng m v tng lng xi trong khng kh; - Hp th cc cht c hi trong khng kh v di t; - Hp th ting n, gim nng bi pht tn ra ngoi Nh my. Ngoi ra cy xanh cn c tc dng st trng, v sinh mi trng v tng cng cc ion ti trong khng kh. Mt s cy xanh c tc dng ch th mc nhim ca mi trng. V nhng li ch ca cy xanh em li cho mi trng, Nh my trng cy xanh vi din tch phi m bo t nht l 15% tng din tch ton Nh my theo qui nh ca php lut. 4.2.6. Cc bin php x l cht thi rn. * Cht thi rn sn xut: - Lng nguyn liu ri vi, cc mu gch tha ti my ct: Nh my s b tr cng nhn thu gom ti s dng lm nguyn liu sn xut. - Lng tro x ti l nung gch, c tnh khong 6 m3/ngy: Nh my s cho cng nhn thu gom ng ni quy nh c b tr trong qu trnh xy dng. Lng x ny nh my s nghin nh v ti s dng li, lm vt liu san lp mt bng ni b Nh my v khu khai thc t nguyn liu. - Sn phm mc khng t yu cu, theo tnh ton khong 2.170.380 vin/nm: Nh my s cho cng nhn thu gom ti s dng lm nguyn liu sn xut. - Sn phm khng t yu cu sau khi nung, theo tnh ton khong 1.237.116 vin/nm: Nh my s b tr cng nhn thu gom vo ni quy nh sau cht thi ny c th s dng san lp mt bng, san lp ng giao thng hoc bn cho nhn dn xy dng cc cng trnh ph (tng ro, ng i, cng trnh chn nui.) * Cht thi rn sinh hot:

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG cn CHT nhn KHO - Rc thi sinh hot ca TNHb cngTHAM trong Nh my, c tnh khong 89,4 kg/ngy: Nh my phi s dng cc thng rc c lp y t ti nh n ca, nh bp cng nhn b cht thi. Nh my phi hp ng vi t v sinh cng cng ca a phng thu gom vn chuyn tr n bi x l cht thi tp trung theo quy nh. - i vi thc n tha nh bp s thu gom lm thc n chn nui hoc cho ngi dn vo thu gom phc v cho chn nui. - Xy dng y cc nh v sinh phc v nhu cu v sinh c nhn ca cng nhn ti Nh my. - i vi bn d ti h thng b t hoi: Nh my s k hp ng vi Cng ty mi trng c trch nhim n ht nh k. - Nh my phi s dng thit b vn ti chuyn dng c bt che khi vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v hng ho trnh lm mt v sinh trn tuyn ng vn chuyn, gim thiu cht thi rn v trnh s pht sinh bi do t ri vi gy ra.

4.3. CC BIN PHP PHNG NGA V NG PH S C MI TRNG. 4.3.1. Bin php phng chy cha chy. V cng tc phng chy cha chy: Khi i vo hot ng Ch d n phi thnh lp i phng chy cha chy ca Nh my c chia thnh cc t thng trc (24/24h), ban chuyn trch ti tng phn xng sn xut, sn sng ng cu khi c du hiu nguy him chy n xy ra trong Nh my, phng tin dng phng chy cha chy gm cc bnh bt CO2, b ct v cc hng nc cu ha c b tr ti cc v tr thch hp. Hng nm ton b cn b, nhn vin phc v v cng nhn lm vic trong dy chuyn sn xut u c hun luyn nh k v an ton lao ng, phng chng chy n, c bit i vi lc lng phng chy cha chy ca Nh my. nh k hng nm mi cc c quan chuyn mn v phng chng chy n tp hun, bi dng kin thc, kim tra v cng tc an ton v phng chng chy n. 4.3.2. H thng chng st i vi h thng chng st, ct thu li c t ti v tr cao nht ca mt cng trnh trong Nh my. in tr tip t ca h thng chng st phi t 10. 4.3.3. Bin php m bo an ton lao ng.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH bo v an ton lao THAM KHO Cc bin php MANG TNH CHTng cho cng nhn l khng th thiu. Do tnh cht c hi c cp trn, vic tip xc thng xuyn vi chng l nguy c i vi sc kho ca cng nhn.V vy, Nh my phi trang b y cc trang phc cn thit, cc trang phc ny bao gm qun o bo h lao ng, m, gng tay, knh bo v mt, ng.... Thng xuyn khm cha bnh nh k cho tt c cng nhn lao ng trong cc khu vc c hi. Cng ty phi xy dng ni qui, quy ch vn hnh, my mc thit b trong qu trnh sn xut ca Nh my.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG CHNG V TNH CHT THAM KHO

CAM KT THC HIN BIN PHP BO V MI TRNG

Nhm gim thiu nhng ngun gy nhim mi trng do xy dng c s h tng v hot ng sn xut gy ra, Ch u t D n cam kt BVMT nh sau: + Chp hnh nghim chnh cc iu khon qui nh trong Lut Bo v Mi trng, c bit l iu 35, iu 36 v iu 37 trong Lut Bo v Mi trng c Quc hi Nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam thng qua ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005 v c hiu lc thi hnh ngy 1/7/2006. + c bit phi p ng cc yu cu sau y: a/ Tun th quy hoch pht trin tng th c ph duyt Quy hoch b tr cc khu chc nng, loi hnh hot ng phi gn vi bo v mi trng. C h thng kt cu h tng thu gom v x l nc thi t tiu chun mi trng. Trng hp nc thi c chuyn v h thng x l nc thi tp trung th phi tun th cc quy nh ca t chc qun l h thng x l nc thi tp trung; b/ C phng tin, thit b thu gom, lu gi cht thi rn v phi thc hin phn loi cht thi rn ti ngun; c/ C bin php gim thiu v x l bi, kh thi t tiu chun trc khi thi ra mi trng; bo m khng r r pht tn kh thi, hi, kh c hi ra mi trng; hn ch ting n, pht sng, pht nhit gy nh hng xu i vi mi trng xung quanh v ngi lao ng; d/ m bo ngun lc, trang thit b p ng kh nng phng nga v ng ph s c mi trng, c bit l i vi c s sn xut c s dng ho cht, cht phng x, cht d gy chy n; e/ Thc hin y , ng cc ni dung ca bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng c ph duyt; + Chp hnh s kim tra gim st mi trng ca phng Ti nguyn mi trng huyn Hip Ho, S Ti nguyn v Mi trng Bc Giang trong qu trnh xy dng v hot ng; + Cng sut Nh my hng nm theo ng phng n c ph duyt; + i vi nc thi sinh hot: Nh my cam kt xy dng h thng x l

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU nc thi ra mi CHT THAM chun nc thi m bo CH MANG TNH trng t tiu KHO TCVN 6772-2000 mc II (tiu chun nc thi sinh hot); + i vi nc cp: Nh my cam kt xy dng h thng x l nc cp m bo nc sinh hot t tiu chun theo Quyt nh s 1329-2002/BYT/Q (tiu chun nc dng cho v sinh n ung); + i vi nc ma: Nh my xy dng h thng thu gom, lng cn trc khi thi ra mi trng; + Hon thnh ng thi hn vic xy dng h thng x l kh thi t tiu chun quy nh hin hnh. (TCVN 5937-2005, TCVN 5938-2005, TCVN 59392005); + Thc hin cc bin php khng ch nhim do ting n, kh thi v bi. Dng hot ng sn xut khi xy ra s c v mi trng: Chy n, chp chy in, h thng x l kh thi khng hot ng hoc hot ng khng hiu qu, gy nhim mi trng. + Khi c nhu cu m rng sn xut, thay i cng ngh, nguyn nhin vt liu hoc hng mc cng trnh mi khng nm trong ni dung bo co TM c thm nh th Ch u t phi bo co bng vn bn vi S TN&MT Bc Giang c hng dn b sung vo bo co TM theo qui nh ca php lut. + i vi cc loi cht thi rn, Cng ty cam kt s thu gom, lu gi v x l theo ng quy nh. + Cam kt tun th Quyt nh s 22/2006-Q-BTNMT ngy 18/12/2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic bt buc p dng Tiu chun Vit Nam v mi trng. + Thng t s 12/2006/TT-BTNMT ngy 26 thng 12 nm 2006 ca B Ti nguyn v Mi trng v vic Hng dn iu kin hnh ngh v th tc lp h s, ng k, cp php hnh ngh, m s qun l cht thi nguy hi; + Hng nm trch kinh ph thc hin chng trnh gim st mi trng. S liu gim st s c cp nht y bo co nh k cho c quan qun l. + Cam kt tun th cc iu khon theo Quyt nh ph chun bo co ny. + Chu trch nhim trc php lut Vit Nam nu vi phm cc tiu chun Vit Nam hoc xy ra s c v mi trng.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG CHNG VI TNH CHT THAM KHO

CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG, CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG

6.1. DANH MC CC CNG TRNH X L MI TRNG Danh mc cc cng trnh v thit b x l, gim thiu v khng ch nhim mi trng nh sau: Danh mc cc cng trnh x l nhim mi trng
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Danh mc Mc ch Tin thc hin

H thng x l nc thi sinh X l nc thi sinh Giai on xy dng hot hot v sn xut H thng x l nc cp X l nc cp Giai on xy dng v sn xut

H thng thu gom nc ma Thu gom nc ma Giai on xy dng chy trn. chy trn v sn xut H thng x l bi ti khu vc X l bi, gim thiu Giai on sn xut nghin than. nhim khng kh H thng x l kh thi H thng cy xanh Xe ti ng X l kh thi hm Giai on sn xut sy l nung Gim xi mn t, Giai on sn xut ci thin vi kh hu. Gim thiu bi trn Giai on xy dng ng vn chuyn v sn xut Thu gom cht thi rn Giai on xy dng sinh hot, gim thiu v sn xut nhim cht thi rn

Cc thng cha rc sinh hot

6.2 CHNG TRNH QUN L V GIM ST MI TRNG Cc gii php nh c trnh by trn y, c bit l cc gii php k thut l nhng bin php mang tnh cht quyt nh nhm gim thiu kh nng gy nhim mi trng do qu trnh thc hin D n gy ra. Bn cnh , cng tc quan trc v gim st cht lng mi trng cng ng mt vai tr rt quan trng.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO Quan trc gim st cht lng mi trng l mt nhim v quan trng trong cng tc qun l mi trng nhm kim sot mt cch cht ch v c h thng cc khuynh hng bin i cht lng mi trng v cc yu t lin quan. Gim st cht lng mi trng l qu trnh: Quan trc, o c, ghi nhn, phn tch, x l v kim sot mt cch thng xuyn, lin tc cc thng s cht lng mi trng v yu t c lin quan qun l cht ch cc ngun gy nhim, kp thi iu chnh qui trnh hot ng v gim nh cc chi ph khc phc, x l tc ng tiu cc n mi trng. Ni dung ca vic gim st mi trng l theo di s bin i mt s ch tiu ha hc, sinh hc, l hc v cc thng s c th c lin quan khc n qu trnh thc hin D n. Kt qu ca qu trnh gim st cht lng mi trng mt cch c h thng c ngha quan trng khng ch i vi vic pht hin nhng thay i v mi trng kp thi tm cch x l, bo v m cn gp phn nh gi mc chnh xc ca cc d on tc ng mi trng nh cp trong Chng 3 ca bo co ny. Cng tc gim st s c tin hnh trong sut qu trnh vn hnh d n. Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho phi phi hp vi cc c quan chuyn mn v C quan Qun l Nh nc v bo v mi trng tnh Bc Giang lp k hoch v chng trnh gim st cht lng mi trng. Ni dung ca chng trnh gim st mi trng s bao gm: + Quan trc, gim st cht lng mi trng nc + Quan trc, gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh, ting n + Quan trc iu kin v sinh, an ton ni lm vic. Cc yu cu i vi thng tin, s liu ca chng trnh quan trc: + m bo tnh c trng ca s liu: Tc l s liu thu c ti mt v tr phi i din cho mt khng gian nht nh hoc c tnh c trng c th xc nh c din bin ca mi trng do nh hng ca d n gy nn. + m bo tnh lin tc, h thng ca s liu theo thi gian v khng gian. + Cc s liu phi c tnh ng b tc l s liu phi bao gm bn thn yu t v cc yu t c lin quan. V d, cc kt qu phn tch cht lng mi trng khng kh cn i km vi cc s liu thc t v ch vi kh hu (nhit , m khng kh, tc gi) ti thi im ly mu, phn tch.

a/ Gim st mi trng trong giai on thi cng d n. - Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh xung quanh. + V tr gim st: 04 v tr trong khu vc d n.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM quanh: + Ch tiu gim st mi trng khng kh xung KHO Vi kh hu, bi l lng, ting n, CO, CO2, NO2, SO2. + Tn sut gim st: 3 ln/nm.

- Gim st cht lng mi trng nc khu vc xy dng d n: + V tr gim st: 01 v tr khu vc nc thi sinh hot ca cng nhn xy dng x thi vo mi trng xung quanh ti ca x. + Thng s gim st mi trng nc: pH, TSS, tng phot pho, COD, BOD5, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, coliform. + Tn sut gim st 02 ln/nm. b/ Gim st mi trng trong giai on hot ng. - Gim st cht lng mi trng khng kh + V tr gim st: 09 v tr: 03 im trong phn xng xn xut; 01 khu vc nh iu hnh; 01 khu vc nh n, 02 v tr ti kho cha nguyn liu, nhin liu u vo, 02 v tr ti khu vc ngoi nh my. + Ch tiu gim st mi trng khng kh: vi kh hu, bi l lng, ting n, CO, CO2, NO2, SO2. + Tn sut gim st: 02 ln/nm. - Gim st cht lng mi trng nc thi. + V tr gim st: 03 v tr trong : 01 v tr ti cng nc thi sinh hot, 01 mu nc ti ngun tip nhn nc thi; 01 v tr ti H iu ha, ti s dng. + Thng s gim st mi trng nc thi: pH, TSS, NH4+, Fe, Mn, As, Hg, Pb, Coliform, COD, BOD5. + Tn sut gim st: 02 ln/nm. Nh vy: Vic gim st cht lng mi trng nc, mi trng khng kh c thc hin ng b 2 ln/nm vi tng kinh ph khong 50.000.000/nm.

c/ Kim tra sc khe cng nhn Khi tuyn cn b, cng nhn vin vo lm vic trong Nh my, Ban gim c Nh my phi tin hnh kim tra khm sc kho. Nhng cng nhn phi lm vic trong mi trng c c hi nh bi, kh thi, ting n, nhit, rung... phi c khm sc kho t nht 2 ln/nm pht hin sm nhng bnh ngh nghip lin quan. Lnh o Nh my phi c ch bi dng thch hp cho nhng cng nhn lm vic trong khu vc c hi, bi dng khi lm ca m.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANGCHNG VII TNH CHT THAM KHO

D TON KINH PH CHO CC CNG TRNH MI TRNG

1- Khi ton v tin thc hin cc cng trnh x l mi trng ca Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho nh sau: Bng khi ton kinh ph xy dng cc cng trnh x l mi trng cho D n m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho

STT Danh mc cc cng trnh 1 X l kh thi hm sy, l nung Tuynel Cc cng trnh khc: Qut thng gi,...(khng tnh chi ph lp t h thng iu ho khng kh) 3 4 5 6 7 Xy dng b pht Xy dng h thng thot nc tng th Xy dng h cha iu ha Mua trang thit b BHL Trng cy xanh (15% din tch) Tng cng

S lng 01 h

n gi 250.000.000

Thnh tin 250.000.000

10 ci 55 m3

9.000.000 1.200.000

90.000.000 66.000.000 100.000.000

150m2 300 b

50.000.000 80.000

50.000.000 24.000.000 100.000.000 70.000.000 750.000.000

V. Chi ph khc (d phng 10%)

Tng kinh ph u t cho cc cng trnh BVMT cho Nh my l: 750.000.000 ng. Tuy nhin, y l s liu khi ton, mc ch nh hng cho Ch u t trong cng tc thc hin xy dng cc cng trnh BVMT cho Nh my. Khi Nh my thit k k thut v lp tng d ton, cc hng mc s c tnh ton chi tit v y hn. 2- D ton kinh ph vn hnh cc h thng x l mi trng hng nm khi D n i vo hot ng. Bng khi ton kinh ph vn hnh, bo dng cng trnh x l mi trng hng nm

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI mc TT Hng LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO Kinh ph (VN)
1 2 3 4 5 H thng x l kh thi hm sy- lnung Tuynel H thng thng gi, iu ho khng kh H thng thot nc, x l nc H thng thu gom cht thi rn Hp ng vn chuyn cht thi rn Tng cng 25.000.000 9.000.000 6.000.000 5.000.000 30.000.000 75.000.000

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CHNG VIII

THAM VN KIN CNG NG

Trong qu trnh lp Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng, Ch u t v C quan T vn trnh Bo co thuyt minh D n v d tho Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ln UBND v UBMTTQ x c lin quan n D n l x Hp Thnh- huyn Hip Ho, ng thi trnh by tm tt cc ni dung D n v cc tc ng mi trng, cc gii php gim thiu nhim mi trng. Sau , UBND v UBMTTQ x ni trn gp bng vn bn (km theo trong ph lc). Mt s ngh chnh ca cc c quan ni trn c tm tt nh sau: (1). ng h vic trin khai thc hin D n v nhng hiu qu kinh t m D n mang li, gp phn thc hin cng cuc cng nghip ho, hin i ho t nc, to cng n vic lm, pht trin kinh t cng nghip a phng. Tuy nhin, Ch d n phi tun th y cc quy nh ca php lut v bo v mi trng, hn ch cc tc ng tiu cc ny sinh trong qu trnh thc hin D n. (2). Cng ty phi hon thin y cc th tc tin hnh xy dng v sn xut a im trn theo quy nh ca php lut. Ch u t phi tin hnh lp bo co TM c quan c thm quyn thm nh v ph duyt. (3). Qun l v x l cc ngun nc thi t qu trnh sn xut, sinh hot m bo khng gy nhim mi trng. X l cc loi cht thi rn pht sinh trong qu trnh sn xut gch, ngi khng nh hng n mi trng v i sng ca nhn dn a phng. (4). m bo cc Tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam v mi trng khng kh, bi, ting n khng nh hng i sng ca nhn dn a phng. (5). u tin tuyn dng lao ng a phng lm vic cho Nh my ng thi phi trang b y phng tin bo h cho ngi lao ng (6). Ch u t phi cam kt thc hin chng trnh quan trc gim st cht lng mi trng nh k v bo co vi S Ti nguyn v Mi trng tnh Bc Giang v phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng huyn Hip Ho. (7). Ch u t phi chu hon ton trch nhim trc php lut nu xy ra cc s c mi trng.

CHNG IX

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO CH DN NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU V

PHNG PHP NH GI
9.1. NGUN CUNG CP S LIU, D LIU 9.1.1. Ngun ti liu, d liu tham kho 1.GS.TS. Trn Ngc Trn. nhim khng kh v x l kh thi tp 1,2,3. Nh xut bn Khoa hc v K thut, H Ni, 3/2001. 2.Trn Hiu Nhu. Thot nc v x l nc thi cng nghip. Nh xut bn KHKT- H Ni 1999. 3.Trn Vn Nhn v Ng Th Nga. Gio trnh cng ngh x l nc thi. Nh xut bn KHKT- H Ni 1999. 4.Nin gim thng k tnh Bc Giang nm 2007. 5.Sch tra cu v phng php v tip cn - lp bo co hin trng mi trng - B Mi trng Canada. 6.S tay an ton, v sinh v chm sc sc khe trn cng trng xy dng- NXB xy dng, ca T chc Lao ng Quc t. 9.1.2. Ngun ti liu, d liu Ch d n to lp. Bo co u t xy dng cng trnh Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho 9.2. PHNG PHP P DNG TRONG QU TRNH TM. 9.2.1.Danh mc cc phng php s dng: a.Phng php k tha. Khai thc v k tha cc kt qu iu tra hin trng mi trng hng nm ca tnh, cc bo co khoa hc v hin trng mi trng tnh Bc Giang ca cc Vin v cc Trung tm nghin cu. Thu thp s liu cc yu t v ngun lc pht trin kinh t x hi tc ng ti mi trng ca tnh, huyn, x. b. Phng php kho st thc a. Trn c s iu kin a l t nhin, pht trin kinh t x hi cc ngnh, iu tra kho st thc a, thu thp cc thng tin mi nht v hin trng kinh t x hi cc ngnh. Lm vic vi cc c quan, ban ngnh ca tnh, th x v huyn l thu thp s liu thc t v pht trin kinh t x hi tng lnh vc l c s phn tch phc v cho nh gi din bin mi trng cc lnh vc. c. Phng php chuyn gia. Trn c s cc s liu thu thp c, tp hp chuyn gia cc ngnh xy dng quy hoch v lp cc k hoch BVMT.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU bo. d. Phng php dCH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO

Trn c s cc s liu thu thp c v da vo cc ti liu c th d bo thi lng nhim do D n gy ra trong qu trnh xy dng c s h tng v trong qu trnh hot ng ca D n. T cc chuyn gia t vn c nhng k hoch, bin php can thip gim thiu nhim mi trng. e. Phng php phn tch h thng. Tp hp cc s liu thu thp v cc kt qu phn tch, o c khu vc v trong phng th nghim. Phn tch cng ngh thi cng, phng tin thi cng trn cng trng t rt ra c im nh hng n mi trng ca vic xy dng d n v s hot ng ca D n. f. Phng php tng hp Tng hp cc s liu thu thp c, so vi tiu chun mi trng Vit Nam, rt ra nhng kt lun v nh hng ca hot ng u t xy dng cng trnh v hot ng sn xut n mi trng, ng thi xut cc bin php gim thiu tc ng nhim mi trng. 9.2.2. nh gi mc tin cy ca cc phng php ang s dng. on cn b iu tra tin hnh trc tip ti hin trng khu vc thc hin D n, ly mu v phn tch theo TCVN. Cc thit b phn tch trong phng th nghim c kim chun v c chnh xc cao. 9.3. NHN XT V MC CHI TIT, TIN CY CA CC PHNG PHP NH GI. Cc ni dung nh gi tc ng mi trng v rung, ting n, bi v kh thi pht ra t cc phng tin thi cng c s h tng ca d n v trong qu trnh d n i vo hot ng l c c s: V tham kho ti nghin cu khoa hc v kh thi giao thng v d bo trn tnh ton ca WHO.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN TI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO KT LUN V KIN NGH

1. KT LUN D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho thuc Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho l hon ton kh thi v mt kinh t v bo v mi trng. Nh my i vo hot ng s to cng n vic lm cho khong 300 lao ng trong vng, y mnh s pht trin kinh t trong vng. Trong qu trnh sn xut Nh my p dng mt s gii php gim thiu nhim mi trng: Xy dng h thng cng thu gom nc thi, xy dng h thng x l kh thi m bo tiu chun; tit kim nhin liu trong sn xut, thng thong nh xng t nhin, cc gii php chng n, chng rung, gim nhit ti l sy, nung,... i vi nc ma chy trn c h thng cng rnh thu gom t tiu chun. i vi nc thi sinh hot Nh my s dng h thng b pht ci tin 5 ngn m bo nc thi ra ngoi mi trng t tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 6772-2000 mc II. i vi kh thi thi ra trong qu trnh sn xut bo co TM a ra cc gii php gim thiu c th: Thit b lc bi xyclon, qut thng gi cng bc m bo kh thi ra mi trng khng gy nhim t tiu chun Vit Nam cho php. i vi cht thi rn trong qu trnh sn xut Ch d n tn dng ti s dng li. i vi cht thi rn sinh hot Ch d n c bin php hp ng vi HTX mi trng x Hp Thnh thu gom x l hng ngy m bo y cc trang thit b bo h lao ng cho cng nhn. Thc hin cc bin php hn ch n mc ti a cc ri ro v s c mi trng nh phng chng chp n, st l t, ngp ng, an ton lao ng. Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho thuc Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho cam kt trin khai cc bin php k thut c hiu qu cng vi cc gii php h tr khc nh xut trong bo co nhm gim thiu ti a cc tc ng tiu cc, th hin thc chp hnh php lut nh nc, bo v mi trng, m bo s pht trin bn vng cng nh to iu kin thun li cho s thnh cng ca Nh my.

TI LIU C CUNG CP TI DIN N MI TRNG XANH WWW.MTX.VN 2. KINTI LIU CH MANG TNH CHT THAM KHO NGH

Vi nhng cam kt BVMT v kt lun nu trn cho thy, hot ng ca D n u t m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho thuc Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho cn c cc cp, cc ngnh ng h v khuyn khch pht trin.Vy, Cng ty C phn Gm xy dng Hip Ho knh ngh: - S Ti nguyn v Mi trng Bc Giang xem xt thm nh trnh UBND tnh ph duyt bn Bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng ca D n u m rng Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho - Ch u t ngh tnh Bc Giang to iu kin thun li, u i trong qu trnh hot ng ca Nh my Gch Tuynel Hip Ho theo ng qui nh ca php lut. - Ch d n cng ngh cc c quan QLNN v BVMT tnh Bc Giang to iu kin hng dn v gim st Ch u t thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nhim v cng tc quan trc, gim st cht lng mi trng nh k theo ng cc ni dung cam kt trong Bo co TM.