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KINH NGHI M V K NNG GI I CC BI TON HA KINH I N MANG M B N CH T HA H C.

Cu 1: hn hp kh X gm 0,3 mol H2 v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt thi gian vi xc tc Ni thu c hh Y c t khi so vi kk l 1. nu cho ton b y sc t t vo dung dch Br2 d th c m gam brom tham gia phn ng. gi tri ca m l: A. 8 B. 16 C.32 D. 3,2 HD: tnh c mX suy ra s mol hh sau, gim th tch hay s mol chnh l s mol H2 tham gia phn ng. nhn thy s mol H2 p =2 s mol vinylaxe, suy ra s mol buten to thnh =0,1=n.Br2. t cho ta m=16. Cu 2: cho 3,36 gam Mg tc dng va vi 200ml dd HNO3 0,3M v H2SO4 bM thu c dd A(ch cha cc mui) v 0,02 mol hh kh B gm 2 kh N2O v N2, t khi ca B so vi H2 bng 18. lm bay hi dd A thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l: A. 21,72 B. 17 C. 17,73 D. 17,08 HD: s mol Mg=0,14 ; HNO3=0,06 ; Dung dch ch cha cc mui ngha l H+ s dng va , bi ton s tnh ton da trn nh lut bo ton in tch. V rng bi ton rt kh ch khng nh lng r rng v tng tc ca cc tc cht. V y l dng ton trc nghim, lc no cng th, bn c c gng nhy bn tm ra phng php thch hp v nhanh chng. D dng tnh c N2O = N2=0,01. Bo ton electron: 0,28=0.01*10 + 0,01*8 + NH4+ ta c c s mol ca NH4+= 0,0125. NO3- =0,06-0,0125-0,04 ( bo ton nguyn t N ca N2O v N2) =0,0075. Trong dung dch lc by gi gm NH4+, Mg2+, NO3- v SO42-; suy ra s mol SO42- =0,1425. Vy m=0,0125*18 + 3,36 + 0,0075*62 + 0,1425*96 = 17,73 gam. Cu 3: kim loi M tc dng vi dd H2SO4 long thu c n cht kh X. B l mt oxit ca M, cho B tc dng vi dd HCl c cho n cht kh Y. D l mt mui ca M , nhit phn D thu c n cht kh XZ. Trn hh X, Y, Z vi t l s mol tng ng l 11:1:5 th thu c cht lng T. nng cht tan trong T l: A. 27,58% B. 50,25% C. 44,78% D.28,85% HD: M l Mn, X l H2, Y l Cl2, Z l O2 . trn vi t l nh trn thu c 2HCl:10H2O D suy ra nng HCl l 28,85%. Cu 4: nng ca H2 v I2 lc ban u u l 0,03 mol/l. khi t n trng thi cn bng , nng ca HI l 0,04 mol/l. hng s cn bng ca phn ng tng hp HI l: A. 16 B.32 C.10 D.8 HD: D chn A. v hng s cn bng Kc bng tch nng cc cht sau p trn tch nng cc cht trc p.( c m h s p ln). Ch : hng s cn bng ch ph thuc vo nhit , khng ph thuc vo nng cc cht mu thun vi cng thc xc nh n. Cu 5: t chy hon ton 18 gam mt este X n chc thu c 20,16 lt CO2 (ktc) v 12,96 gam nc. mt khc nu cho 21 gam X tc dng vi 200 ml dd KOH 1,2M sau c cn dd thu c 34,44 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca axit to ra X l: A.C5H6O3 B. C5H8O3 C. C5H10O3 D. C5H10O2 HD: d nhn ra y l este vng. Phn ng nh sau: este + NaOH = HO-R-COONa. Phn sau bn c t gii. d nhn ra nu cc bn c phn xa vi bi ton, khng th bn c gng bin lun cc case este c ni i Cu 6: hn hp X gm mt ankan v mt anken. Cho X tc dng vi 4,704 lt H2(ktc) cho n p hon ton thu c hh Y gm 2 kh trong c H2 d v 1 hidrocacbon. t chy hon ton Y ri cho ton b sn phm vo nc vi trong d thy khi lng bnh ng nc vi trong tng 16,2 gam v c 18 gam kt ta to thnh. Cng thc ca 2 hidrocacbon l: A. C2H6 v C2H4 B. C2H8 v C3H6 C. C4H10 v C4H8 D. C5H10 v C5H12 HD: t Y cng nh t X. s mol nc to t ankan v anken trong X l: 0,46-0,21=0,25. D nhn thy 2 hidrocb ny c cng s cacbon vi n.nc=0,25, n.CO2= 0,18, chnh lch x\v s mol do ankan gy ra, suy ra s mol ankan= 0,25-0,18=0,07. Gi cng thc ankan: CnH2n+2 cho ra nCO2, v c 2 hidrcb u to kh nn: n*0,07<0,18, suy ra n<2,5. suy ra c 2 C. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 7: hn hp A gm C3H4 v H2. cho A i qua ng ng bt Ni nung nng thu c hh B ch gm 3 hidrocacbon c t khi so vi H2 l 21,5. t khi ca A so vi H2 l: A. 10,4 B. 9,2 C. 7,2 D. 8,6 HD: phn ng ny to 1 anken, 1ankan v ankin d, tuy nhin lng th tch ankin d ta c th xem bng 0 (t chn lng cht, bi ton n gin hn). Th th: s mol hh u =5, s mol hh sau= 2. suy ra c MA/MB=nB/nA=2/5. suy ra MA=2MB/5=8,6. in hnh cho pp t chn lng cht. Cu 8: X l tetrapeptit c cng thc Gly-Ala-Val-Gly. Y l tripeptit c cng thc Gly-Val-Ala. un m gam hh A gm X, Y c t l mol tng ng l 4:3 vi d KOH va sau khi p xy ra hon ton c cn dd thu c 257,36 gam cht rn khan. Gi r ca m l: A. 150,88 B. 155,44 C. 167,38 D.212,12 HD: gi s mol 2 cht trn l 4x; 3x. suy ra s mol KOH p l 16x+9x=25x ; s mol nc l 7x Bo ton khi lng gii ra x, suy ra m =155,44 Cu 9: t chy hon ton 5,4 gam mt amin X n chc trong lng va khng kh. Dn sn phm kh qua bnh ng nc vi trong d thu c 24 gam kt ta v c 41,664 lt(ktc) mt cht kh duy nht thot ra. X tc dng vi HNO2 to ra kh N2. X l: A. imetylamin B. anilin C. etylamin D. metyl amin HD: trc ht loi c p n B(to mui iazoni), vit pt t chy amin no n v gi x l s mol amin cn tm. Ta c c s mol oxi phn t l 0,5(3n+1,5)x, suy ra s mol N2 trong kk va = 4 s mol oxi= 2(3n+1,5)x. Do s mol N2(bay ra)=2(3n+1,5)x + 0,5x =1,86 Suy ra 6nx +3,5x = 1,86, Mt khc ta c n.CO2=nx=0,24. vy nn 3,5x=0,42, suy ra x=0,12. tm c Mamin = 45. Cu 10: p sut kinh in.!!! Cho 18,32 gam axit picric vo mt bnh ng bng gang c dung tch khng i 0,56 lt(khng c khng kh), ri gy n 19110 C. p sut trong bnh ti nhit l p atm, bit rng sn phm n l hh CO, CO2, N2, H2 v p sut thc t nh hn p sut l thuyt 8%. p c gi tr l: A.207,365 B. 211,836 C.201,000 D.223,635 HD: Tm c s mol ca axit picric=0,08, khi gy n thu c hh kh , suy ra s mol hh l 0,72. Ta c p=0,92p=0,92*0,082*0,72(1911+273)/0,56=211,836. Vy chn B. Cu 11: (in hnh cho bi ton tng gim th tch) Nung nng hh gm 0,5 mol nit v 1,5 mol hidro trong bnh kn( c xc tc) ri c v nhit t thy p sut trong bnh lc ny l p1 atm. Sau cho mt lng d H2SO4 c vo bnh( nhit lc ny cng l t) n khi p sut n nh th thy p sut trong bnh lc ny l p2 (p1=1,75p2). Hiu sut tng hp NH3 l: A. 65% B.70% C.50% D. 60% HD: s mol hh u=2. x l s mol N2. cho H2SO4 vo ly i 2x mol tc l phn ng sau cng gim i 4x mol. Ta c pt: 2 4x=(2-2x)/1,75, suy ra x=0,3, suy ra H=0,6. Cu 12: mt hh X gm mt hidrocacbon mch h A c 2 ni i trong phn t, v H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 4,8. Nung nng X vi xc tc Ni phn ng xy ra hon ton ta thu c hh Y c t khi so vi H2 bng 8. Cng thc v thnh phn phn trm( theo th tch) ca A trong X l: A.; C3H4 80% B. C3H4; 20% C. C2H2; 20% D. C2H2; 80% HD: nY/nX=X/Y=0,6, suy ra s mol hh u =1, hh sau = 0,6. ng thi d kin t khi hh sau bng 8(tc l Msau=16<26) cho ta bit hidrocacbon cha no ht v H2 d. Suy ra gim s mol =n. H2 tham gia p =0,4=2n.ankin=2n.akan to. v th hh sau c 0,2 mol ankan to, suy ra H2 d l 0,4. S dng s ng cho cho hh sau cho ta bit l C3H4, th tch th qu d bit l 20%. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 13: hh A gm 2 hidrocacbon mch h c cng s nguyn t cacbon v cu to phn t hn km nhau mt lin kt pi. t chy hon ton 0,6 mol A cn dng 36,96 lt O2(ktc), sau p thu c 16,2 gam H2O. Hn hp A gm: A. C2H4 v C2H6 B. C3H4 v C3H6 C. C2H2 v C2H4 D. C3H6 v C3H8 HD: s cacbontb=2 ; s hidrotb=3. Hoc bo ton khi lng ta c mA=16,2. t ta c Mtb=27. phi c ankin l C2H2. Cu 14: ch t cc ha cht: KMnO4(rn); Zn; FeS; dd HCl c, cc thit b v iu kin cn thit c ., ta c th iu ch c ti a bao nhiu kh: A. 6 B. 4 C. 7 D. 5 HD: thuc tm nhit phn ra ra O2; Zn+HCl; FeS+HCl; H2S+O2; thuc tm +HCl; MnO2+HCl. Cu 15: cho 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen v 0,3 mol H2 qua Ni nung nng. Sau p thu c hh kh X c t khi so vi H2 l 14,5. nu cho X qua dd nc Br2 d th khi lng bnh brom tng bao nhiu gam: A. 5,6 B. 2,8 C. 5,4 D. 2,7 HD: s mol hh sau=0,2. suy ra s mol H2 p l 0,4-0,2=0,2; t y suy ra p khng th to ankan v t l 2 cht tham gia nh hn ( vinylaxetilen c d). suy ra H2 d=0,3-0,2=0,1. tng ng 0,2 gam. Cn li l khi lng cc hidrocacbon cha no li trong bnh brom. Bo ton khi lng cho ta mtng=mhh u-mH2d=5,80,2=5,6. Kinh nghim: Mtbhhsau<26, th suy ra hidrocacbon cha no ht v H2 d; v ngc li nu >26 th c th d ht(p khng hon ton). Cu 16: hn hp M gm acol no, n chc X v axit cacboxylic n chc Y u mch h v c cng s nguyn t C, tng s mol ca 2 cht l 0,25 mol( s mol ca Y ln hn s mol ca X). Nu t chy hon ton M th thu c 16,8 lit kh CO2(ktc) v 12,6 gam nc. Mt khc nu un nng M vi H2SO4 thc hin phn ng este ha( H=0,8) th s gam este thu c l.: A. 11,4 B. 9,12 C. 13,68 D.18,24. HD: s Ctb=3. Gi ru C3H7OH: x mol ; axit C2HnCOOH: y mol. Vi x<y. Ta c cc phng trnh: x+y=0,25 ; s mol nc=0,5(n+1)y + 4x =0,7, v mt khong chn ca y l 0,125<y<0,25. T ta c y= 0,6/(7-n), cho nn 4,6>n>2,2. Chn n=3 tha mn cng thc axit trn. Axit l C2H3COOH. Gii h theo x, y tm c s mol cc cht. tnh c m este l C2H3COOC3H7=0,1*114*0,8=9,12. Cu 17: hh kh A cha C2H2, H2 c t khi so vi H2 l 5. Dn 20,16 lit A i nhanh qua Ni nung nng thu c 10,08 lit hh kh B. Dn B qua bnh nc brom d cho p hon ton th cn li 7,39 lit hh kh C. cc th tch o iu kin tiu chun.. Hi khi lng bnh brom tng thm bao nhiu gam: A. 6,6 B. 3,3 C. 8,7 D. 4,95 HD: s mol A=0,9; n.C2H2=0,3; n.H2=0,6; s mol ca B=0,45. suy ra s mol H2p=0,9-0,45=0,45. vy C c cha 0,6-0,45=0,15 mol kh H2 d. Ngoi ra C cn cha 1 ankan na vi s mol y=7,39/22,4 -0,15( ca H2)=0,18. mt khc s mol H2 p=x+2y=0,45( tnh), suy ra x = 0,45- 2*0,18= 0,09. vi x l s mol anken cng nh s mol axetilen tao ra n. T y ta tnh c s mol axetilen p=0,09+0,18=0,27, suy ra s mol axetilen cn d l 0,3-0,27=0,03. v x=0,09=s mol C2H4. suy ra mtng=0,09*28 + 0,03*26 = 3,3. Cu 18: un 2,72 gam hh gm 2 ancol vi H2SO4 n khi p xy ra hon ton thu c hh kh gm 2 olefin(anken) ng ng lin tip. Trn 2 olefin ny vi 24,64 lt khng kh(ktc) thnh mt hh. t chy hon ton hh trong bnh kn. Sau khi ngng t ht hi nc cn li 15,009 lit( o 270C v 1,6974 atm, bit trong kk oxi chim 20% th tch cn li l N2). CTPT ca mi loi ancol l: A.C3H7OH v C2H5OH B. CH3OH v C3H7OH C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH D. C2H5OH v C3H7OH

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

HD: n.kh =1,1, suy ra O2=0,22; N2=0,88(kh tr, khng p). sau khi ngng t nc c 1,036 mol kh, suy ra s mol hh sau( k tnh N2)= 1,036-0,88=0,156. vit pt p t anken, v gi s mol anken chung l x. khi O2 d=0,22-1,5nx ( oxi phi d trong trng hp ny v nu ht gii ra n=5,2); v CO2=nx mol. Suy ra 0,221,5nx+nx=0,156, nn x=0,128/n Ta c: 2,72n/0,128=14n+18 ( y l M ca anken), gii ra c n=2,5. l cng thc chung ca C2 v C3. Cu 19: mt hh A gm 2 kh N2 v H2 vi t l th tch l 1:3. to phn ng gia N2 v H2 sau p thu c hh kh B . t khi hi ca A so vi B l 0,875. Tnh hiu sut ca p tng hp NH3: A. 25% B. 30% C.20% D. 15% HD: nB/nA=MA/MB=0,875, suy ra nB=0,875*nA=0,875*4=3,5. bi ton ny gim 2x mol. Do : 4-2x=3,5, suy ra x=0,25, suy ra H=0,25/1=25% ( pp t chn lng cht) Cu 20: hh X gm A l mt axit hu c no, 2 chc, mch h v B l axit khng no( c 1 ni i C=C trong phn t), n chc mch h. S Cacbon trong A bng 2 ln s C trong B. t chy 5,08 gam hh X thu c 4,704 lt CO2. Nu trung ha ht 5,08 gam hh X cn 0,07 mol NaOH. Cng thc phn t ca A, B ln lt l: A.(COOH)2 , C3H5COOH B. C4H8(COOH)2; C2H3COOH C. C2H4(COOH)2, C2H3COOH D. CH2(COOH)2; C5H9COOH HD: D chn c B; c 3 p n cn li u khng tha mn s C nh bi nu. Nu gii ta s gii nh sau: gi A: C2n: y mol; B: Cn: x mol. Th th n(x+2y)=0,21, mt khc A, B u tc dng vi NaOH vi s mol NaOH p l x+2y=0,07, suy ra n=3. T cho ta A lC4H8(COOH)2; B l C2H3COOH. Cu 21: Xt phn ng thun nghch sau: SO2(k) + NO2(k) SO3(k) + NO(k). cho 0,11 mol SO2, 0,1 mol NO2, 0,07 mol SO3 vo bnh kn dung tch 2 lt; gi nhit n nh l t0C. khi phn ng t n trng thi cn bng thy cn li 0,02 mol NO2. Hng s cn bng ca phn ng ti nhit l: A. 20 B. 18 C. 10 D. 0,05. HD: ch hng s cn bng; hng s axit tnh ton da trn nng ht. ta a s mol v nng sau d tnh c Kc=20. Cu 22: thc hin phn ng este ha gia butan-1,2,4-triol v hn hp 2 axit CH3COOH v HCOOH th thu c ti a s dn xut ch cha chc este l: A. 7 B. 8 C. 5 D. 6 HD: ti a l: 2 este thun + chnh hp chp 2 ca 3 phn t =8. Cu 23: Dung dch axit fomic HCOOH 0,092% (D=1g/ml) c in li l 5%. pH ca dung dch l: A. 2,3 B. 4,3 C. 3 D. 4 HD: chn 1 lt dd. Tng ng vi 1000g HCOOH, cho ta s mol ca axit fomic l 0,02. suy ra s mol H+ phn li ra= 0,02*0,05=10-3 cng l nng H+ phn li ra( v chn 1 lt). Suy ra pH= -lg[H+]=3. Cu 24: khi iu ch axetilen bng phng php nhit phn nhanh metan thu c hh A gm axetilen, hidro v mt phn metan cha phn ng. t khi ca A so vi hidro bng 5. hiu sut qu trnh chuyn ha metan thnh axetilen l: A. 30% B. 70% C. 60% D. 40% HD: T chn lng cht: chon 1 mol hh sau phn ng. bo ton khi lng suy ra s mol metan=0,625. y l bi ton nhit phn( c th l cracking) tng th tch. Th th: s mol hh sau s mol ankan ban u= s mol ankan tham gia phn ng. suy ra s mol metan p=1-0,625=0,375. t , ta c c H=0,375/0,625=60%. Cu 25: A l mt cht hu c m khi t chy 0,1 mol A cn 0,9 mol O2. Sn phm chy ch gm CO2 v H2O. Hp th sn phm chy vo bnh nc vi trong d, thy khi lng bnh tng 37,2 gam, trong bnh to ra 60 gam kt ta. S ng phn cis, trans mch h c th c ca A l: PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10 HD: d kin ta bit c A l C6H12. c tt c 8 ng phn cis- trans. Cu 26: gi s gang cng nh thp ch l hp kim ca st vi cacbon v st ph liu ch gm st, cacbon v Fe2O3. coi phn ng xy ra trong l luyn thp Martanh l: Fe2O3 + 3C 2Fe + 3CO. Khi lng st ph liu (cha 40% Fe2O3, 1%C) cn dng khi luyn vi 4 tn gang 5%C trong l luyn thp Martanh, nhm thu c loi thp 1%C l: A. 1,5 tn B. 2,93 tn C. 2,15 tn D.1,82 tn HD: gi m tn l khi lng st ph liu cn em luyn. V sau phn ng l thp nn Fe2O3 ht, C d. Nn d kin s tnh theo Fe2O3 : 0,4m; mC= (0,2 +0,01m) tn. v khi lng cht rn sau phn ng l ( 4+ m 0,4m*3*28/160) = ( 4+ 0,79m) tn. mC phn ng= 0,43*3*12/160= 0,09 tn. Suy ra C d = ( 0,2 0,08m) tn. Theo yu cu bi ton ta thit lp c phng trnh: 0,01(4 +0,79m)= (0,2 0,08m). Vy gii ra c m=1,82 tn. Cu 27: Cho t dung dch HCl 35% vo 56,76 ml dung dch NH3 16%( c D=0,936 g/ml) 200C, cho n khi trung ha va , thu c dd A. lm lnh dd A v 00C th thu c dd B c nng 22,9% v c m gam mui kt ta(kt tinh). Tr s ca m l: A. 2,515 B. 2,927 C. 3,014 D.3,428 HD: s mol ca NH3=0,5; khi lng ca HCl=0,5*36,5:0,35=52,14 gam; khi lng dung dch NH3 =53,13 gam. Khi lng mui NH4Cl = 0,5*53,5=26,75 gam. Gi m l khi lng mui kt tinh. Ta thit lp c pt: 0,229=(26,75-m):( 52,14+53,13-m). Ko theo m=3,428 gam. Cu 27: t 3 nguyn liu u l eten v benzen( xc tc v iu kin p c ), iu ch c 3 polime gm polistiren, polibutaien v poli(butaien-stiren), cn thc hin s lng phn ng ha hc t nht l: A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 HD: i vi PS cn thc hin: th Br2 vo benzen(xt bt st) ; tip tc th bezyl vo eten; ri trng hp. i vi polibutaien: hp nc eten to etanol; vi xc tc Al2O3, 4500C thu c ivinyl; ri trng hp. ng trng hp 2 cht trn ta thu c poli(butaien-stiren). Ht 7 phn ng. Cu 28: hn hp kh A gm 0,2 mol axetilen; 0,3 mol etilen; 0,3 mol metan v 0,7 mol hidro. Nung nng hh A, c Ni lm xc tc, thu c 28 lt hh kh B(ktc). Hiu sut H2 cng vo cc hidrocacbon khng no l: A. 35,71% B. 40,25% C. 80,56% D. 100% HD: tnh c s mol A=1,5 mol; s mol B=1,25 mol. gim s mol chnh l lng H2 tham gia phn ng. =1,5-1,25=0,25 mol. Th th H=0,25/0,7=35,71% Cu 29: t chy hon ton hh A gm 1 anken v 1 ankan thu c a mol CO2 v b mol H2O. Gi k l t s ca b/a. Gi tri ca k chy trong khong: A. 1<k<2,5 B.2<k<3 C. 2<k<2,5 D.1<k<2 HD: s chnh lch v s mol sn phm khi t hh A l do ankan to ra. Ta c th xem hh A ch c ankan, khi t chy t s k=b/a=n.H2O/n.CO2= (n+1)/n. Xt hm s k(n)= (n+1)/n trn min I= [1;+v cng]. Do k(n)<0 nn hm s ang xt nghch bin trn I. Ta c: maxk(n)=k(1)=2 ; mink(n)=limk(n)[nv cng] =1 . kt lun c rng 1<k<2. Cu 30: Oxi ha m gam mt hh X gm HCHO v CH3CHO bng oxi iu kin thch hp thu c hh kh Y ch gm cc axit hu c. T khi ca Y so vi X bng a. khong bin thin ca a l: A.1,49<a<1,72 B. 1,5<a<1,75 C.1,36<a<1,54 D. 1,14<a<1,38 HD: T chn lng cht: chn 1 mol hh X. HCHO HCOOH: xmol; CH3CHO CH3COOH: 1-x mol Ta c: a=(60-14x)/(44-14x)=[1+16/(44-14x)]. Tng t nh bi trn, ta tm c 1,36<a<1,54. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 31: hh X gm hidro, propen, propanal, ancol anlylic. t 1 mol hh X thu c 40,32 lt CO2(ktc);. un X vi bt Ni mt thi gian thu c hh Y c t khi ca Y so vi X l 1,25. nu ly 0,1 mol hh Y th tc dng v vi V lt dd Br2 0,2 M. gi tr ca V l: A. 0,1 lt B. 0,25 lt C.0,3 lt D. 0,2 lt HD: Trc ht ta tnh c s mol cc cht khng no C3H6 v C3H6O bng 0,6; suy ra s mol H2=0,4.(suy ra t l mol l 2:3) ta c n.X/ nY=MY/MX=1,25. do chn s mol ca X=1,25( vi 0,5 mol H2 v 0,75 mol cc cht khng no C3H6 v C3H6O); s mol ca Y= 1. S mol Y - s mol X=s mol H2 p=1,25-1=0,25 . thnh ra Y cha 0,25 mol H2 d; 0,25 mol cc hp cht no; v 0,5 mol cc cht khng no C3H6 v C3H6O d. Xt 0,1 mol hh Y, ta suy ra c 0,05 mol cc cht khng no C3H6 v C3H6O tc dng vi nc Br2.(=s mol Br2). Suy ra V=0,05/0,2=0,25. Cu 32: mt bnh cha hh X gm 2 anken A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ngc t khi hi so vi H2 bng 16,625. cho vo bnh 1 t Ni v nung nng cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton sau c v nhit ban u th thy p sut trong bnh bng 7/9 so vi p sut ban u v c hh Z. bit rng kh nng tc dng ca mi anken vi H2 l nh nhau. CTPT ca A; B v % anken p l: A. C2H4 v C4H8; 75% B. C3H6 v C4H8; 60% C. C2H4 v C3H6; 28,57% D. C2H4 v C3H6; 35,81% HD: d thy 2 anken l: C2H4 v C3H6. t l 1:1 v s mol. Ta c th vit chung cng thc ca 2 anken l CnH2n. t chn lng cht: s mol H2 v CnH2n lc u l 9 mol, sau khi nung nng l 7 mol. gim s mol=2 mol= s mol H2 p. th th s mol aken= 0,2 lun. Suy ra s mol mi anken l 1 mol. Mt khc s mol ca anken =7 mol, khi p hon ton vi H2 th cn li 7-2=5 mol. V ankan to ra=2mol Tha mn 7 mol hh sau p. th th s mol ban u ca mi anken l 7/2=3,5 mol. Suy ra % anken tham gia phn ng l: 1/3,5= 28,57 %. Cu 33: hh A gm 1 anken v H2 c cng s mol. Dn qua Ni nung nng mt thi gian thu c hh B. T khi ca B so vi A bng 1,6. Hiu sut ca p hidro ha trn l: A. 25% B. 40% C. 60% D. 75% HD: chn 2 mol hh A. suy ra c s mol B=1,25. suy ra s mol H2 tham gia phn ng =0,75. Th nn H=75%, do mi cht l 1 mol. Cu 34: hh X gm mt anehit v 1 ankin c cng s nguyn t cacbon. t chy hon ton a mol hh X thu c 3a mol CO2 v 1,8 mol H2O. hh X c s mol 0,1 tc dng c vi ti a 0,14 mol AgNO3 trong NH3. s mol ca anehit trong 0,1 nol hh X l: A. 0,03 B. 0,04 C. 0,02 D. 0,01 HD: s Ctb=3, s Htb=3,6. Thnh ra hh X cha ankin l C3H4 v anehit l C3H2O( c 1 ni 3 u mch v chc CHO). Gi s mol ca 2 cht trn ln lt l x; y. Ta c h: x+y=0,1 ; x+3y=0,14. Suy ra x=0,08 v y=0,02. vy anehit c 0,02 mol trong 0,1 mol hh X. Cu 35: khi cracking V lit butan thu c hh A ch gm cc ankan v anken.t khi hi ca hh A so vi khng kh bng 1,5. hiu sut ca phn ng cracking butan l bao nhiu? A. 33,33% B. 50,33% C.46,67% D. 66,67% HD: chn 1 mol hh sau p. bo ton khi lng cho ta mbutan=43,5. tm c s mol butan =0,75. S mol hh sau- s mol butan ban u=s mol butan tham gia p=1-0,75=0,25. Suy ra H=0,25/0,75=33,33%. Cu 36: hh X c 2 hidrocacbon ng ng lin tip, c t khi hi so vi H2=15,8. ly 6,32 gam X li vo 200 gam dd cha xc tc thch hp th thu c dd Z v thy thot ra 2,688 lt kh kh Y ktc c t khi hi so vi H2=16,5. bit rng dung dch Z cha anehit vi nng C%. gi tr ca C% l: A. 1,305% B. 1,407% C. 1,043% D. 1,208% PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

HD: d thy dd Z gm C2H2 v C3H4. c 2 u hp nc vi xc tc HgSO4, 800C. tuy nhin ch c axetilen cho anehit, cn propin cng nh cc ankin khc cho ra xeton. Ta s tnh c phn 2 cht ny li trong dung dch l: m=6,32 0,12*33= 2,36 gam ; n= 6,32/31,6 0,12= 0,08 mol. Gi s mol ca C2H2 v C3H4 ln lt l x v y. gii h pt trn nhn c x=0,06; y=0,02. t cho ta khi lng ca CH3CHO l 0,06*44=2,64 gam ; mdd=200+2,36. Suy ra C=2,64/(200+2,36)=0,01305. Cu 37: X l mt hexapeptit cu to t mt amino axit thun ty Y ( ch c 1 nhm amin v mt nhm cacboxyl). Y c tng % khi lng ca oxi v nito l 61,33%. Thy phn ht m gam X trong mi trng axit thu c 30,3 gam pentapeptit, 19,8 gam ipeptit, v 37,5 gam Y cn d. Gi tr ca m l? HD: CnH2n+1O2N. suy ra 46/(47+14n)=0,6133 => n=2. Vy Y l glycocol( glyxin). Thit lp cng thc peptit ta c hexepeptit C12H20N6O7 ; pentapeptit C10H17N5O6 =0,1 mol; ipeptit C4H8N2O3 = 0,15 mol; v Y= 0,5 mol. Bo ton nguyn t Nito => s mol X= (0,5+0,15*2+0,5)/6. Vy m= ci * hexepeptit C12H20N6O7 = 78 gam.

Mt s bi tp t luyn:
Cu 38: cho x mol st tan ht trong dd cha y mol HNO3 ( t l x:y=16:61), ta thu c mt sn phm kh Y duy nht v dung dch Z ch cha mui st. S mol mol electron ma x mol st nhng ra khi tham gia phn ng l: A. 1,75x mol B. y mol C. 2x mol D. 3x mol Cu 39: hh kh A gm 3 kh: NO; H2 v mt kh X c khi lng 0,772 gam v th tch 0,9632 lt (ktc). Trn 0,4816 lt A vi 1 lt O2 thy th tch kh cn li l 1,3696 lt. Tm kh X, bit trong A c 2 kh m % th tch bng nhau: A. N2 B. N2O C. SO2 D. NO2 Cu 40: ha tan hon ton mt lng hh X gm Fe3O4 v FeS2 trong 63 gam HNO3, thu c 0,07 mol NO2. Dd thu c cho tc dng va vi 200ml dd NaOH 2M, lc kt ta v nung n khi lng khng i thu c 9,76 gam cht rn. nng % ca dung dch HNO3 l: A. 47,2% B. 46,2% C. 46,6% D. 44,2% Cu 41: cho m gam st vo dung dch cha ng thi dd H2SO4 v HNO3 thu c dung dch X v 0,2 mol NO( duy nht);. Thm tip H2SO4 vo X th li thu c 0,08 mol NO na v dung dch Y.. Dung dch Y ha tan va ht 8,32 gam Cu v khng c kh bay ra. Khi lng ca st cho vo l: S: 16,24 gam

TNG HP CU HI L THUYT HAY V KH. (By 20/09/2012)


Cu 1. Cho cc phn ng sau: (a) CuO + HCl (c) (b) K2Cr2O7 + HCl (c) (c) Cu + NaNO3 + HCl (d) Zn + H2SO4 (long) (e) Mg + HNO3(long) (g) CaCO3 + HNO3 (c) (h) FeCO3 + H2SO4 (long) (i) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4 (long) S phn ng m ion H+ ca axit ng vai tr cht oxi ha l A. 1. B. 3. C. 2.

D. 4.

Cu 2. Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) Dung dch natri isopropylat trong nc c th lm qu tm ha xanh. (b) Dung dch axit axetic c th ha tan c CuO to thnh dung dch c mu xanh. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

(c) Oxi ha ancol bc mt bng CuO (to) thu c xeton. (d) Naphtalen tham gia phn ng th brom kh hn so vi benzen. (e) Phn ng tch H2O t ancol etylic dng iu ch etilen trong cng nghip. (g) Benzen c th tham gia phn ng th v phn ng cng clo. S pht biu ng l A. 3. B. 4. C. 2.

D. 5.

Lin kt cng ho tr l lin kt c to nn gia hai nguyn t bng mt hay nhiu cp electron dng chung

Cu 3:Thc hin cc th nghim sau: (a) Cho dung dch FeCl2 tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d. (b) Cho Cl2 tc dng vi toluen trong iu kin chiu sng (khng c xc tc). (c) Sc kh HI vo dung dch FeCl3. (d) Cho Fe3O4 tc dng vi dung dch HCl. (e) Sc kh axetilen vo dung dch brom trong dung mi CCl4. S th nghim xy ra phn ng oxi ha - kh l A. 3. B. 4. C. 2.

D .5.

Cu 4:Hp cht T c to bi 4 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t phi kim R v X (s hiu nguyn t ca R nh hn s hiu nguyn t ca X). Tng s ht mang in trong mt phn t T l 20. Pht biu sai l: Gii: T l NH3 (Ni N c ha tr V thc ra khng ng, v N c cu hnh e l 1s2 2s2 2p3, c 3e c thn nn ch c ha tr III thi. Nu tnh thm LK cho nhn nh N2O5 th l IV. Cn P th khc. P cng c ha tr III nh N (VD PH3) nhng do P c phn lp 3d trng nn khi b kch thch, electron 3s ca P s "nhy" sang to thnh 5e c thn, nn P c ha tr V (VD PCl5)) A. Hp cht T c th to c lin kt hiro vi nc. B. Trong cc hp cht vi cc nguyn t khc, R c th c s oxi ha bng -1. C. trng thi kch thch, nguyn t nguyn t X c 5 electron c thn. D. Trong phn t T, nguyn t X trng thi lai ha sp3.(3 ni n) Cu 5:. Cho dy cc cht: benzyl axetat, vinyl axetat,metyl fomat, anlyl clorua, phenyl fomat, isopropyl clorua, triolein. S cht trong dy khi thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l A. 4. B.6. C. 5. D. 3. Cu 6:. Cho cc pht biu sau: (a) C th dng nc brom phn bit saccaroz v mantoz. (b) C th phn bit saccaroz v mantoz bng phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. (c) Trong dung dch, saccaroz v mantoz u ha tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng cho dung dch mu xanh lam. (d) Trong dung dch, saccaroz tn ti ch yu dng mch h. (e) Trong mi trng baz, saccaroz v mantoz c th chuyn ha ln nhau. (g) Trong phn t saccaroz c nhm -OH hemiaxetal. S pht biu ng l A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 7. Tin hnh cc th nghim sau: (a) Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 vo dung dch NaHCO3. (b) Cho dung dch Al2(SO4)3 ti d vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hoc dung dch Na[Al(OH)4]. (c) Sc kh CH3NH2 ti d vo dung dch FeCl3. (d) Sc kh propilen vo dung dch KMnO4. (e) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch Na2SiO3. (g) Sc kh H2S vo dung dch SO2. (h) Sc kh NH3 ti d vo dung dch AgNO3. Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c bao nhiu th nghim thu c kt ta? A. 6 B. 3 C. 5 D. 4 Cu 8 Cho dy cc cht: Cr(OH)3, CrO3, ZnO, Ca(HCO3)2, Al(OH)3, CrO, CO2, NO2, P2O5, N2O5, PCl5, Al4C3. S cht tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long, ngui l A. 10. B. 11. C. 9. D. 12. Cu 9. Trong cc th nghim sau: (a) Cho kh O3 tc dng vi dung dch KI. (b) Nhit phn amoni nitrit. (c) Cho NaClO tc dng vi dung dch HCl c. (d) Cho kh H2S tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3. (e) Cho kh NH3 tc dng vi kh Cl2. (g) Cho dung dch H2O2 tc dng vi dung dch cha KMnO4 v H2SO4 (long). (h) Sc kh O2 vo dung dch HBr.(axit HI, HBr c tnh kh lu ngy trong kk b ha nu do b O2 oxi ha, to n cht Br2) (i) Cho NaI tc dng vi dung dch axit H2SO4 c, nng. (k) Cho SiO2 tc dng vi Na2CO3 nng chy. S th nghim to ra n cht l A. 5 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6 Cu 10:Pht biu khng ng l: A. Vt liu compozit, vt liu nano, vt liu quang in t l nhng vt liu mi c nhiu tnh nng c bit. B. Cc kh SO2, NO2 gy ma axit, kh CO2 gy hiu ng nh knh cn hp cht CFC gy thng tng ozon. C. Cc cht: Penixilin, amphetamin, erythromixin thuc loi thuc khng sinh, cn: Seduxen, moocphin, ampixilin thuc loi cht gy nghin. D. Vic s dng cc cht: Fomon, ure, hn the, phn m trong bo qun v ch bin thc phm l vi phm v sinh an ton thc phm. Cu 11: . Pht biu no sau y l sai? A. Tnh axit ca HF yu hn tnh axit ca HI. B. Nhit si ca hiro florua cao hn nhit si ca hiro clorua. C. Tnh kh ca HCl mnh hn tnh kh ca HBr. D. Bn knh ca ion F- nh hn bn knh ca ion ClCu 12: t chy hon ton 18 gam mt este X n chc thu c 20,16 lt CO2 (ktc) v 12,96 gam nc. mt khc nu cho 21 gam X tc dng vi 200 ml dd KOH 1,2M sau c cn dd thu c 34,44 gam cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca axit to ra X l: A.C5H6O3 B. C5H8O3 C. C5H10O3 D. C5H10O2 y l este vng

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 13: Cho cc cht: isobutan, isobutilen, isopren, vinyl axetilen, ivinyl, metylxiclopropan, toluen, naphtalen, xiclohexan, xiclohexen. Trong s cc cht trn, s cht phn ng c vi nc brom l A. 7. B. 6. C. 4. D. 5. Cu 14: Cho cc cht sau: C2H2; PROPIN; CH2=CHCH3; C2H3CH2CH2CH3; C2H4Cl2; C4H10; CH3CHO; C2H5OH; CH3COONa; C6H5CH2CH3. C bao nhieu cht trong s cc cht trn bng 1 phn ng duy nht iu ch c axit axetic: A. 6 B. 7 C. 8 D. 9

Cu 15:Nu in phn cc dung dch mui Na ca cc ion Cl- ,Br- ,I- cng nng mol th hi cng mt thi gian no dd no c pH cao nht? A. ClB. BrC. Br- v ID. I-

Cu 16: C cc pht biu sau: 1. CO km bn v nhit, rt c. 2. Trong cng nghip sn xut Iot t rong bin. 3. iu ch Flo trong cng nghip bng cch in phn hn hp gm KF v NaF iu kin thch hp 4. than xng dng lm cht n cao su, sn xut mc in giy v xi nh giy. 5. C c 2 dng th hnh l kim cng v than ch. 6. Si c 2 th hnh l tinh th v v nh hnh 7. SiO2 c phn ng vi MgCO3 nhit cao. 8. iu ch than g bng cch t chy g trong oxi d. 9. thnh phn chnh ca t st l bng thch(criolit)-Na3AlF6 10. iu ch than than ch t than m, iu ch than mui bng cch nhit phn metan c xc tc S cc pht biu khng ng l: A. 5 B. 6 C. 8 D.7 Cu 17: C cc pht biu sau: 11. glucozo c 2 loi tinh th kt tinh c nhit nng chy khc nhau. Nhm OH hemiaxetal v tr C1 khi chuyn thnh nhm OCH3 th dng vng khng chuyn sang dng mch h c na. 12. trong mu ngi c nng n nh ca glucozo l 0,1%, nc dch glucozo dng cho bnh nhn c nng 5%. Trong y hc glucozo dng lm cht chuyn ha. 13. trong y hc ZnO dng lm thuc gim au dy thn kinh cha bnh nga, chm, eczema 14. trong y hc trn cc kh N2O vi O2 t l th tch 1:4 dng lm thuc gy m cho cc ca m nh 15. photgen c dng lm thuc gim au. 16. hidroquinon v catechol l hai ng phn c cng cng thc phN t C6H4(OH)2 17. Trong dung dch glucozo tn ti ch yu dng mch vng 6 cnh(anpha hoc beta) 18. Trong dung dch fructozo tn ti ch yu dng vng 5, 6 cnh(beta) 19. hn hp tecmit bao gm Al v oxit st, dng lm phng tin hn ni trong c kh. 20. t chy du iezen s c kh c bay ra nh SO2, H2S, CO2 S pht biu ng l: A. 7 B. 4 C. 5 D.8 Cu 11: c cc pht biu sau: 1. phng php iu ch Oxi trong phng th nghim l in phn nc v chng ct phn on khng kh lng. 2. amophot l phn bn hn hp, nitrophotka l phn bn phc hp. 3. anilin iu kin thng l cht lng mu trng, khi b oxi ha ha en. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

4. cacbon chy c trong oxi v ozon, PbS mu en chuyn mu trng khi tc dng vi ozon iu kin thng. 5. ozon l cht ty trng trong cng nghip, oxi l nguyn t ph bin nht trong v tri t. 6. Flo d dng thay th oxi trong nc ngay iu kin thng. 7. iu kin thng, fomandehit l cht kh, tan trong nc to dung dch km bn. 8. trng thi kch thch cc phn t ozon c th va chm mnh v gy n ln. 9. Flo c m in ln nht trong tt c cc nguyn t nn flo d dng phn ng vi Si, Cr nhit thng. 10. trong mui n lun c mt hm lng nh KIO3 11. axeton phn ng vi axit HCN to sn phm khng bn l xianohrin S pht biu khng ng l: A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7 Cu 12: c cc pht biu sau: 1. photpho trng, tinh th iot, nc c cu trc mng tinh th nguyn t. 2. photgen c cng thc l POCl3, photphoryl clorua c cng thc COCl2 3. phn bn m amoni nn bn vo t t chua, hoc c kh trc bng CaO. 4. phn m nitrat Ca(NO3)2 c tc dng kch thch cy trng ra nhiu l, nhiu hoa, thch hp vi t chua. 5. phn ln cn thit cho cy trng thi k sinh trng do thc y qu trnh sinh ha, trao i cht v nng lng thc vt. 6. dinh dng ca phn Kali c nh gi bng hm lng K2O, phn kali gip cy hp th m tt hn cn thit cho vic to cht ng, cht bt, cht x, cht du, tng cng sc chng bnh, chng rt, chu hn ca cy. 7. Trong cng ngh m phm, hidroquinon c dng 1 lng nh lm kem dng da. 8. phenol l axit yu nht, HClO4 l mt trong nhng axit mnh nht trong tt c cc axit. 9. trong cng nghip, anken c iu ch bng phn ng ehiro ha ankan 10. trong cng nghip CO2 c diu ch t vic t chy than. S pht biu ng l: A. 7 B. 8 C. 9 D.10 Cu 13: c cc pht biu sau: 1. phenol iu kin thng l cht rn khng tan, cn gi l axit phenic. 2. tetralin v ecalin, clorofom, axeton dng lm dung mi. Naphtalen sn xut dc phm trong cng nghip, iu ch naphtol, anhidrit naphtalic, naphtylamin. 3. axeton dng sn xut bisphenol, clorofom v ioofom. 4. nhit thp, but-2-in tc dng vi brom d to sn phm tetrabrom. 5. nhit cao, ankadien u tin to sn phm cng 1,4; c mt cht xc tc Cl2,Br2 th c th cng vo 2 lin kt C=C. 6. anken, ankadien, benzen, trong phn t ca chng cc nguyn t C v H u cng nm trn cng 1 mt phng. 7. trong phn t ankin, cc nguyn t C nm trn cng mt ng thng. Trong phn t xicloankan tr xiclo propan th cc xicloankan khc u c C khng cng nm trn mt mt phng. 8. anilin phn ng vi dung dch hn hp NaNO2 v KHSO4 to n cht kh tr. 9. benzen, stiren, naphtalen l cc cht lng khng mu, nh hn nc v khng tan trong nc. 10. SiO2 l oxit axit, d tan trong kim nng chy v khng tan trong axit. S pht biu ng l: A. 9 B. 6 C.10 D.8 Cu 14: c cc pht biu sau: 1. Qung malachit c cng thc Cu(OH)2.Cu(CO)3. qung hematit nu c cng thc Fe2O3.nH2O, thnh phn chnh ca t st l cao lanh: Al2O3.2SiO2.2H2O. 2. c 4 cht hu c mch h c cng thc C2H2On tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta. 3. trong mng tinh th kim loi ch c cc nguyn t kim loi cc nt mng tinh th. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

4. Cr khng tc dng vi dung dch kim v HNO3 long, Cr2O3 d tan trong dung dch kim long 5. c 3 cng thc cu to ca hp cht l ng phn ca Toluen tham gia phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta vng nht. 6. iu ch butan t etannol cn ti thiu 2 phn ng. 7. clorua vi c dng ph bin hn nc Javen, HNO3 c dng ph bin hn H2SO4 trong lnh vc sn xut v i sng. 8. trong t nhin khng tn ti Si trng thi t do, tn ti dng hp cht: SiO2,cc khong vt silicat, aluminosilicat nh cao lanh, mica fenspat, x vn v thch anh. 9. dung dch ha tan kh hidro sunfua va c tnh kh, va c tnh oxi ha. HNO3 l cht oxi ha kh. 10. thuc u que dim c cha KClO3 ng vai tr cht oxi ha. 11. cc ankan t C2-C4 l cht kh khng mi, t C5-C8 l cht lng c mi xng, C10-C14 c mi du ha. S pht biu ng l: A. 7 B. 8 C. 9 D. 11 Cu 15: Cho hp cht c cng thc phn t C2H2On, s cht khi phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta l: gm 4 cht l C2H2; (CHO)2,; (HCO)2O; HOOC-CHO Cu 16: Cho 4 hp cht hu c c cng thc phn t ln lt l CH2O, CH2O2, C2H2O3, C2H4O2, C3H6O3. S cht mach ho va tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, va c phn ng trng gng l A6 B4 C5 D3 Li gii: HCOOH, HOOC-CHO, HCOOCH3, HCOOCH2CH2OH(c 2), HCOOCH2OCH3.vy l 6

NI DUNG BM ST THI I HC-TRNG TM


Cu 17: Tng h s nguyn ti gin sau khi cn bng hai phng trnh ha hc sau ln lt l: (a): FeSO4 + KMnO4 + KHSO4 - Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O (b): K2SO3 + KMnO4 + KHSO4 K2SO4 + MnSO4 + H2O A. 52-27 B. 56-28 C. 52-28 D. 56-26 Cu 18: Cho cc cht: bc axetilua, metan; 1,2-icloetan; canxi cacbua; propan; etyl clorua; metanol; etanol; nhm cacbua. S cht iu ch etanal bng hai phn ng ha hc l: A-5 B-6 C-7 D-8 Cu 19: s cng thc cu to ca hp cht l ng phn ca Toluen m tham gia phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3 l: A. 1 B. 5 C. 4 D. 2 Cu 19: Cho cc phn ng:
CH 2=CH2 + H 2O C2H 5OH + HBr (bk) CH3 -CH=CH2 + Br 2(dd) toc
H

Cl 2 + KOH Mg(NO 3)2 Na 2O2 + H2O

toc

Fe3O4 + H2SO4 (loang) CH3 -CHO + H2 Trong cc phn ng trn c bao nhiu phn ng l oxh-kh, bao nhiu phn ng oxi ha kh ni phn t: A. 7 4 B. 6 4 C. 5 4 D. 6 2 Cu 20: cho cc dung dch sau: (1): K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4; (2): H2SO4 c; (3): Na2S; (4): HCl; (5): KBr; (6): Fe(NO3)2. Trn ln lt cc dung dch vi nhau tng cp mt th c bao nhiu cp c phn ng xy ra, trong bao nhiu cp xy ra phn ng oxi ha kh: A. 11-8 B. 10-8 C. 11-7 D. 8-7

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 21: tin hnh phn ng nhit phn hn hp X gm butan v heptan( t l mol 1:2) th thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi H2 l a ( gi s ch xy ra phn ng cracking to thnh anken v ankan vi hiu sut 100%). Kt ;un ng l: A. 12,9=<a<=21,5; B. a=21,5 C. 16=<a<=21,5 D. 12,9=<a<=16 Cu 22: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(1) Tng hp t olon bng cch trng ngng acrilonitrin. (2) Tng hp t nilon 6,6 bng phn ng trng ngng gia axit aipic v hexametylen iamin. (3) Tng hp poli (vinyl ancol) bng phn ng trng hp ancol vinylic. (4) Tng hp nha rezol bng cch un nng nha rezil 1500C (5) Cao su buna-S c tng hp bng phn ng ng trng hp gia buta-1,3-dien vi vinyl xianua. (6) Trong mt nguyn t, s khi bng tng s ht proton v ntron-sai phi l tng khi lng (7) Trong in phn dung dch NaCl trn catot xy ra s oxi ho nc. (8) Khi cho mt t CaCl2 vo nc cng tm thi s thu c nc cng ton phn. (9) T xenluloz axetat thuc loi t ha hc (10) Khi cho fomanehit d tc dng vi phenol, c baz xc tc thu c nha novolac. (11) Trong thc t loi b NH3 thot ra trong phng th nghim ta phun kh Cl2 vo phng (12)Dy cc cht PVC, poliisopren, amiloz, xenluloz.l cc cht khng phn nhnh (13) Nitrophotka l hn hp gm KNO3 v NH4H2PO4. (14) Tnh cht ca cht hu c ch ph thuc vo cu to ha hc m khng ph thuc vo thnh phn phn t ca cht. (15) Trong phn t cht hu c, cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau theo ng ha tr. (16) Cc cht C2H4 v C3H6 l hai cht ng ng vi nhau. (17) Ancol etylic v axit fomic c khi lng phn t bng nhau nn l cc cht ng phn vi nhau. S pht biu khng chnh xc l? A.8 B.10 C.7 D.9 Cu 23: Co bao nhiu cht co th phan ng vi fomanhit iu kin thich hp trong cac cht sau H2, 02,

Br2, C2H2, C2H5OH, H2O, HCN, phenol, ur, KMn04, Ag2O, Cu(0H)2. A, 8 B. 12 C. 9

D. 10

------------------------------------------------------------T---M---------------------------------------------------------------

VN LN: P SUT - CN BNG HA HC - TC PHN NG Lin quan n bi ton v cht kh, th tch :
Cu 1: Cho cn bng ha hc: aA + bB pC + qD , 150 oC , s mol cht D l x mol, 180 oC , s mol cht D l y mol. Bit x > y v (a+b) > (p+q) ; cc cht trong cn bng trn u th kh. Kt lun no sau y l ng ? A. Phn ng thun ta nhit v tng p sut B. Phn ng thun thu nhit v gim p sut C. Phn ng thun thu nhit v tng p sut D. Phn ng thun ta nhit v gim p sut Cu 2: Cho phn ng CO + Cl2 COCl2 thc hin trong bnh kn dung tch 1 lt nhit khng i. Khi cn bng [CO] =0,02 ,[Cl2] = 0,01 , [COCl2] = 0,02 .Bm thm vo bnh 0,02 mol Cl2 . nng mol/l ca CO, Cl2 v COCl2 trng thi cn bng mi l? A.0.016, 0.026, 0.024 B.0.014, 0.024, 0.026 C.0.012, 0.022, 0.028 D.0.015, 0.025, 0.025 Cu 3: Khi cracking butan thu c hh Agm 6 hidrocacbon v H2 c th tch l 300 lt. Dn hh A vo dd nc Br2 d thy c 200 lt kh thot ra, cc th tch o c cng iu kin Hiu sut crackingl ? A. 50 % B. 60 % C. 65 % D.66,67 % PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 4: Khi cracking butan thu c hh kh X c th tch 40,32 lt(ktc), dn X qua bnh ng nc Br2 d th thy c 128 g Br2 phn ng. Bit X ch cha anken, ankan, H2 d. Hiu sut cracking butan l ? A 80 % B. 75 % C. 33,33 % D. 66,67 % Cu 5: Cho V lt hh kh X gm H2 ,C2H2 ,C2H4 (trong s mol C2H2 =s mol C2H4) , i qua Ni nung nng(100%) thu c hh kh Y ( ktc), bit d Y/H2 =6,6. Nu cho hh X qua bnh ng Br2 th khi lng bnh tng n l ? A.5,4 g B. 2.7 g C. 6.6 g D. 4.4 g Cu 6: cho 1 thanh Al vo dd cha 0,03 mol HCl v 0,03 mol RCl2 .Sau phn ng hon ton thy khi lng thanh Al tng ln 0,96 g. Kim loi R l? S:Ni Cu 7: in phn 200 ml dd R(NO3)2 (R l kim loi ha tr 2,3, khng tc dng vi H2O ), vi dng in mt chiu I=2A trong 32 pht 10 giy th va in phn ht R2+, ngng in phn v yn dd 1 thi gian th thu c 0,28 g kim loi. Khi lng dd gim l? A. 0,16 g B. 0,72 g C. 0,59 g D. 1,44 Cu 8: hh gm FeS2, FeCO3 vi s mol bng nhau vo bnh kn cha O2 d, p sut trong bnh l p1 atm. un nng bnh phn ng xy ra hon ton ri a bnh v nhit ban u, p sut trong bnh l p2 atm. t s p1 /p2 bng: A. 1 B. 1/2 C. 2 D. 4 Cu 9: Cn bao nhiu gam oleum A c CT: H2SO4.3SO3 pha vo 100 ml dd H2SO4 40 % (d=1,31 g/cm3) to ra oleum c hm lmg SO3 l 10 %: A.467,2 B.594,3 C.416,8 D.576,6 Cu 10: Hh X gm mt anehit v mt ankin c cng s nguyn t cacbon. t chy a mol hh X thu c 3a mol CO2 v 1,8a mol H2O. Hh X c s mol 0,1 tc dng c vi ti a 0,14 mol AgNO3 trong NH3. S mol anehit trong 0,1 mol hh X l ? A.0,03 B.0,04 C.0,01 D.0,02 Cu 11: Khi cracking V lt butan thu c hh A ch gm ankan v anken. d A/kk =1,5. Hiu sut phn ng cracking butan l bao nhiu : A.33,33 % B.50,33% C.46,67% D.66,67% Cu 12: Cho x mol Fe tan ht trong dd cha y mol HNO3 (x:y =16:61) ta thu c mt sn phm kh duy nht v dd Z ch cha mui st. S mol electro m st nhng khi tham gia phn ng l : A,1,75 mol B.y mol C.2x mol D.3x mol Cu 13: in phn 200 ml dd AgNO3 0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,2M vi in cc tr, I=5A trong thi gian 9 pht 18 giy. Khi lng dd sau in phn gim m g. Tnh m, bit hiu sut l 80%, b qua s bc hica nc: A.3,92 B.3,056 C.6,76 D.3,44 Cu 14in phn dd Fe2(SO4)3 1M (in phn cc tr) vi I=2,68A trong thi gian t gi th c kh thot ra anot(hiu sut 100%) Gi tr ca t l : A.1 B.6 C.4 D.2 Cu 15: Cho dung dch X cha hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa 0,1M. bit 250C Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5 v b qua s phn li ca nc. gi tr pH ca dung dch X 250C l A. 1,00 B. 4,24 C. 2,88 D. 4,76 PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 16: t a mol X l trieste ca glixerol v axit n chc, mch h thu c b mol CO2 v c mol H2O, bit b- c =5a. Hiro ha m g X cn 6,72 lt H2 (ktc) v 39 g X'. Nu un m g X vi dd cha 0,7 mol NaOH n phn ng, sau c cn dd sau phn ng th thu c bao nhiu g cht rn > A.57,2 g B.52,6 g C.53,2 g D.61,48 g Cu 17: Ch cc nguyn t sau 6C; 14Si; 16S; 15P. Dy cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l: A.C,S,P,Si B.S,P,Si,C C.Si,P,S,C D.C,Si,P,S Cu 18: Hn hp X gm H2, propen, propanal, ancol alylic (CH2 = CH- CH2OH). t 1 mol hh X thu c 40,32 lt CO2(ktc). un X vi bt Ni sau mt thi gian thu c hh Y c dY/X=1,25. Nu ly 0,1 mol hh Y th tc dng vi V lt Br2 0,2M. Gi tr ca V l: A.0,1 lt B.0,25 lt C.0,3 lt D.0,2 lt Cu 19: Cho cc cht sau: imetylete, vinyl axetat, saccaroz, tinh bt, vinyl clorua, nilon-6,6 s cht b thy phn trong mi trng kim long: A.2 B.5 C.3 D.4 Cu 20: Hn hp X c 2 hirocacbon n ng lin tip, c t khi so vi hiro l 15,8. Ly 6,32 g X li vo 200 g dd cha xc tc thch hp th thu c dd Z v thy thot ra 2,688 lt kh kh Y ktc c t khi so vi H2 l 16,5. Bit dd Z cha anehit vi nng C%. gi tr C% l: A.1,305% B.1,407% C.1,403% D.1,208% Cu 21: Ha tan hon ton 1 lng hh X gm Fe3O4 v FeS2 trong 63 g HNO3, thu c 0,07 mol NO2. Dd thu c cho tc dng va vi 200 ml dd NaOH 2M, lc kt ta em nung n khi lng khng i thu c 9,76 g cht rn. C% HNO3 l: A.47,2% B.46,2% C.46,6% D.44,2% Cu 22: Cho cc cht butylclorua, anlylclorua, phenylclorua, vinylclorua. un si cc cht vi dd NaOH, sau trunh ha NaOH d bng HNO3, ri nh vo d vi git dd AgNO3. Dd khng to thnh kt ta l : A.phenylclorua B.butylclorua C.anlylclorua D.vinylclorua Cu 23: Hn hp kh A gm 3 kh: NO, H2, v 1 kh X, c khi lng 0,772g v c th tch 0,9632 lt(ktc). Trn 0,486 lt kh A vi 1 lt O2 thy th tch kh cn li l 1,3696 lt. Tm X, bit trong A c 2 kh % th tch bng nhau ? A.N2 B.N2O C.SO2 D.NO2 Cu 24: Mt cht hu c X c CTG l C4H4O tc dng va vi dd KOH 11,666%. Sau phn ng thu c dd Y. C cn dd Y th phn hi ch c H2O vi khi lng 86,6 g, cn li cht rn Z c khi lng 32 g. CTCT thu gn ca X c th l ? A.HCOOC6H4C2H5 B.HCOOC6H4CH3 C.CH3COOC6H5 D.CH3COOC6H5 hoc HCOOC6H4CH3 Cu 25: Cho m g Fe vo dd ng thi cha H2SO4 v HNO3 thu c dd X v 0,2 mol NO (duy nht). Thm tip H2SO4 vo dd X th li thu c 0,08 mol NO v dd Y. Dd Y ha tan va ht 8,32g Cu khng c kh bay ra. Khi lng ca Fe cho vo l ? s: 16,24 gam Cu 26: Oxi ha m g hh X gm HCHO, CH3CHO bng O2 iu kin thch hpthu c hh Y d gm cc axit hu c. T khi ca Y so vi X bng x. Khong bin thin ca x l ? s: 1,36 < x <1,54

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 27: Hn hp A gm CnH2nv H2 (cng s mol) dn qua Ni nung nng thu c hh B.T khi ca B so vi A l 1,6. Hiu sut hiro ha trn l ? s: 75% Cu 28: Mt bnh cha hh X gm 2 anken A, B k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 16,625. Cho vo bnh mt t Ni v H2 nung nng cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton sau a v nhit ban u th thy p sut trong bnh bng 7/ 9 so vi p sut ban u v c hh Z. Bit rng kh nng tc dng ca mi anken vi H2 l nh nhau CTPT ca A,B v % anken phn ng l ? s: C2H4, C3H6 ; 28,57 % Cu 29: s ng phn xeton c cng cng thc phn t C5H10O l: A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4 Cu 30: c bao nhiu cht v ion lng tnh trong s cc cht v ion sau: Cr2O3; Ca(HCO3)2 , H2O, HCl, ZnO, HPO32-, H2PO4-, NH4HCO3: A. 8 C. 6 C. 5 D. 3 Cu 31: tc ca mt phn ng c dng v = k.CxA.CyB (A, B l 2 cht khc nhau). Nu tng nng A ln 2 ln( nng B khng i) th tc phn ng tng 8 ln. gi tr ca x l: A. 3 C. 5 C. 6 D. 8 Cu 32: t chy hon ton hn hp gm 2 hidrocacbon thuc cng dy dng ng gm 0,1 mol X; a mol Y. sn phm chy thu c em cho vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c 133,96 gam kt ta. bit s mol cng nh s nguyn t cacbon trong X u nh hn trong Y. bit rng hh X v Y ny phn ng vi dung dch mui Cu+/NH3 d to 13,68 gam kt ta mu v hiu sut phn ng ln hn (hoc=) 70%. X v Y l: A. Etin v propan-1-in B. propan-1-in v but-2-in C. Etin v but-1-in D. Etin v but-2-in Cu 33:mt hn hp kh X gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi H2 l 4,25. nung nng X vi bt st 1 thi gian tng hp ra NH3, sau phn ng thu c hh kh Y c t khi dX/Y=0,8. tnh hiu sut phn ng: A. 25% B.80% C. 33,33% D. 40% Cu 34: bit rng khi nhit tng ln 100C th tc phn ng ca mt phn ng tng ln 2 ln. vy tc phn ng tng ln bao nhiu ln khi tng nhit t 20 ln 1000C. A. 16 B. 14 B. 64 D. 256 Cu 35: nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp s l 6 v s electron lp ngoi cng cng l 6. Cho bit X l nguyn t ha hc no sau y: A. Cl B. F C. O D. S Cu 36: hn hp X gm O2 v O3 c t khi so vi H2 bng 20. t chy hon ton 1 mol CH4 cn s mol X l: A. 1,2 B. 1,5 C. 1,6 D. 1,75 Cu 37: cho cc cht sau: KHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, Al, AlCl3, Zn(OH)2, CrO3, Cr2O3. s cht c tnh lng tnh l: A. 6 B. 5 C. 3 D. 4 Cu 38: cht no sau y c phn ng a hp v gii trng hp: A. axetilen v benzen B. axetilen v vinyl axetilen C. etilen v stiren D. axetilen v stiren

Cu 39: cho cc cht: X1-canxiaxetat; X2: vinyl axetat; X3: ancol n-propylic; X4: ancol iso-propylic; X5: ancol isobutylic; X6: iso-propylaxetat. T cc cht no c th iu ch axeton bng mt phn ng trc tip: A. X2, X3 B. X2, X5, X3 C. X1, X4 D. X1, X4, X6 Cu 40: cho cc tn gi sau: tecpen, tecmit, iezen. l tn gi theo th t c cng thc, thnh phn chnh v ph gia l g: A. (C4H8)n, Fe v Mg, S(lu hunh) B. (C4H8)n, Al v CuO, P(photpho) C. (C5H8)n, Mg v Fe2O3, C(cacbon) D. (C5H8)n, Fe2O3 v Al, S(lu hunh) PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Cu 41: Cr v Al2O3 khng tc dng vi cht hoc dung dch no sau y: A. NaOH long, ngui B. HNO3, nng C. NaOH. nng

D. HNO3 long

Cu 42: nicotin mt cht c th gy nghin, c nhiu trong thuc l, c nhiu nh hng n x hi, tuy nhin u iu lc khi cho vo dung dch vi t l thch hp li rt c li. V la ca v cc loi trng cng c tc dng. hai mt c li trn l: A. chng st g, ci thin khng kh B. chng st g, ci thin t trng C. chng n mn ha hc, ci thin khng kh D. chng n mn ha hc, ci thin ngun nc Cu 43: ma axit v hiu ng nh knh do nhng nguyn nhn( yu t) no gy ra: A. SOx, NxOy v CH4, CO2 B. SOx, NxOy v H2S, O3 C. NH3, Cl2 v CH4, H2S D. NH3, Cl2 v CO2, H2S Cu 44: ha tan 3,76 gam hn hp bt gm Fe v Cu vo 150 ml dung dch AgNO3 1M. khi kt thc phn ng c dung dch X v cht rn Y. Trong Y c: A. Ag, Fe, Cu B. Ag C. Ag, Fe D. Ag, Cu Cu 45: C 3 dung dch NH4HCO3 , NaAlO2 , C6H5ONa v 3 cht lng C2H5OH, C6H6, C6H5NH2. Nu ch dng thuc th duy nht l dung dch HCl th ch nhn bit c cht no: A. Nhn bit c c 3 dung dch v C6H6 B. NH4HCO3, NaAlO2, C6H6, C6H5NH2 C. Nhn bit c c 3 dung dch v C6H6 D. Nhn bit c c 6 cht. Cu 46: M t ng dng ca no nhm di y l cha chnh xc? A. Lm vt liu ch to t, my bay, tn la, tu v tr B. Lm khung ca, trang tr ni tht v m trang sc. C. Lm dy dn in, thit b trao i nhit, cng c un nu trong gia nh D. Ch to hn hp tecmit, c dng hn gn ng ray. Cu 47: Glicogen hay cn gi l A. glixin B. tinh bt ng vt C. glixerin D. tinh bt thc vt Cu 48: Cho x(g) hn hp hi metanol v etanol i qua ng cha CuO nung nng, khng c khng kh. Cc sn phm kh v hi sinh ra c dn i qua nhng bnh cha ring r H 2SO4 v KOH . Sau th nghim thy bnh H2SO4 () tng z gam, bnh KOH () tng t gam. Biu thc no sau y ng: A. z > t B. z < t C. x + y = z + t D. B v C ng Cu 49 : Phn t mantoz c cu to bi A. 1 gc glucoz v 1 gc fructoz B. 2 gc fructoz dng mch vng C. nhiu gc glucoz D. 2 gc glucoz dng mch vng Cu 50: cc cht no sau y c th ha tan c vng : A. NaCN, thy ngn lng, nc cng toan, clo trong HCl c B. HClO4, POCl, NaCN, ancol isoamylic C. Thy ngn lng, nc JaVen, nc cng toan, anilin D. HClO4, thy ngn lng, nc cng toan, clo trong HCl c

Thch chc bn c sc khe, thnh cng trong cng vic Nim tin c sc mnh xua tan bt c s hoi nghi no ca ngi khc. Ti s c gng vit v cp nht nhng kinh ngim mi hay v b ch hn, c bit l ton kim loi v in phn( dng kh ca thi i hc). Thi gian sp ti, ti s gii chi tit li thi H 2012 nhm gip cc bn c ci nhn mt m v khong t hn trong cch t duy v c ci nhn tng quan v xu hng ra thi i hc 2013. PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

Mi chi tit, thc mc xin lin h 0989769577. Tn trng s sng to v cng sc ca ngi khc l xem trng chnh mnh! Xin cm n.

PhmNgc Thch KHOA HA - HQG-HBK TP.HCM

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