Phan Hng

S dng nh mc lao ng 726

Cng vic b tng mt tng nh:

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng ct l: 36,3*1,313 = 47,268

(cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng dm l: 127,05*0,875 = 111,169
(cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng sn l: 291,863*0,806 = 235,242
(cng)

Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic b tng l: 47,268 + 111,169 + 235,242 =

393,679 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic b tng l: 36,3 + 127,05 + 291,863 =
455,213 (m)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic b tng l: = 393,679/455,213 = 0,8648
(cng/m)
Cng vic lp t ct thp mt tng nh:

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp ct l: 7,124*7,395 =

52,682 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp dm l: 27,991*6,363 =
178,107 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp sn l: 45,822*11,625 =
532,681 (cng)

Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: 52,682 + 178,107 + 532,681 =

763,470 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: 7,124 + 27,991 + 45,822 =
80,937 (tn)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: = 763,470/80,937 =
9,4329 (cng/tn)
Cng vic lp dng cp pha mt tng nh:
Tng trng lng cp pha tng nh (vi cc thnh phn kt cu cp pha chnh) l:
202,308 (tn). K thm cc chi tit cu to ph ca h thng cp pha, th tng trng
lng cp pha ton tng nh (vi h s vt ti 1,1) l: 202,308*1,1 = 222,539 (tn).

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha ct l: 422,4*0,113 =

47,731 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha dm l: 1308,08*0,188 =
245,919 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha sn l: 1945,75*0,125 =
243,219 (cng)

Phan Hng
Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: 47,731 + 245,919 + 243,219 =
536,869 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: 422,4 + 1308,08 + 1945,75
= 3676,23 (m)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: = 536,869/3676,23 =
0,146 (cng/m)
T trng trng lng cp pha trn din tch b mt lm vic ca vn khun l: G =
222,539/3676,23 = 0,0605 (tn/m)

S dng nh mc d ton 1776

Cng vic b tng mt tng nh:

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng ct l: 36,3*3,66 = 132,858

(cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng dm l: 127,05*3,26 = 414,183
(cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic b tng sn l: 291,863*3,26 = 951,473
(cng)

Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic b tng l: 132,858 + 414,183 + 951,473 =

1498,514 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic b tng l: 36,3 + 127,05 + 291,863 =
455,213 (m)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic b tng l: = 1498,514/455,213 =
3,2919 (cng/m)
Cng vic lp t ct thp mt tng nh:

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp ct l: 7,124*9,74 = 69,388

(cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp dm l: 27,991*10,1 =
282,709 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp sn l: 45,822*16,1 =
737,734 (cng)

Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: 69,388 + 282,709 + 737,734 =

1089,831 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: 7,124 + 27,991 + 45,822 =
80,937 (tn)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic lp t ct thp l: = 1089,831/80,937 =
13,4652 (cng/tn)
Cng vic lp dng cp pha mt tng nh:

Phan Hng
Tng trng lng cp pha tng nh (vi cc thnh phn kt cu cp pha chnh) l:
202,308 (tn). K thm cc chi tit cu to ph ca h thng cp pha, th tng trng
lng cp pha ton tng nh (vi h s vt ti 1,1) l: 202,308*1,1 = 222,539 (tn).

Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha ct l: 422,4*0,319 =

134,746 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha dm l: 1308,08*0,3438 =
449,718 (cng)
Hao ph cng lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha sn l: 1945,75*0,2847 =
553,955 (cng)

Tng hao ph lao ng ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: 134,746 + 449,718 + 553,955
= 1138,419 (cng)
Tng khi lng cng tc ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: 422,4 + 1308,08 + 1945,75
= 3676,23 (m)
nh mc trung bnh quy i ca cng vic lp dng cp pha l: = 1138,419/3676,23 =
0,3097 (cng/m)
T trng trng lng cp pha trn din tch b mt lm vic ca vn khun l: g =
222,539/3676,23 = 0,0605 (tn/m)

Phn chia phn khu thi cng b tng

S lng phn khu, khi dng nh mc 1776 v khi dng nh mc 726 l nh nhau, xc nh
bng cch chia tng khi lng phi vn chuyn ln cao ca mt tng, cho nng lc lm vic ca
cn trc thp trong mt ca lm vic, nh sau:
n (VBTTng*k2*b)/NCa + QCTTng/NCa + GCPTng/NCa = (CBTTng*b*k2)/(BT*1,0*NCa) +
CCTTng/(CT*1,0*NCa) + (CCPTng*gCP)/(CP*1,0*NCa) =
(2,5*1498,514)/(1*119,575*3,2919) + 1089,831/(1*131,882*13,4652) +
(1138,419*0,0605)/(1*131,882*0,3097) = (2,5*393,679)/(1*119,575*0,8648) +
763,470/(1*131,882*9,4329) + (536,869*0,0605)/(1*131,882*0,146) = 455,213/47,830
+ 80,937/131,882 + 222,539/131,882 = 9,5173 + 0,6137 + 1,6874 = 11,8184
S b chn s lng phn khu l :n = 12 (phn khu/tng), vic chia phn khu theo cch ny hon
ton ph hp vi cng ngh thi cng 1 t: ct, dm, sn cng lc. Tuy nhin, cng ngh thi
cng la chn l cng ngh 2 t: ct ring, dm sn ring. Tch ct ring ra thi cng trc,
th khi lng cng tc trn mi phn khu, khi gi s phn khu thi cng dm sn l 12 (phn
khu), cng nh i v nng lc phc v ca cn trc thp cng tha sc vn chuyn (vic chia
phn khu ny vn ph hp vi cng ngh thi cng 2 t c chn).
S lng ti thiu cc phn khu thi cng dm sn trong trng hp tch ring ct l:
ndm,sn = (418,913/47,83) + (73,813/131,882) + (166,974*1,1/131,882) = 8,758 + 0,56 +
1,393 = 10,711
S lng ti thiu cc phn khu thi cng ct trong trng hp tch ring ct l:
nct = (36,3/47,83) + (7,124/131,882) + (35,334*1,1/131,882) = 0,759 + 0,054 + 0,295 =
0,759 + 0,349 = 1,108

Phan Hng
Chn s lng phn khu ct l 01 (phn khu ct/tng). Vn chuyn cp thp v cp pha ct
chim 0,349 ln nng lc cn trc vo u ngy thi cng lp ct thp ct. Vn chuyn b tng
ct bng 0,759 ln nng lc cn trc trong ngy b tng ct.
m bo cn trc phc v cho cng vic b tng vo khun mt cch lin tc, khng b
chen ngang bi nhu cu vn chuyn ct thp v cp pha cc phn khu k tip trong mi ca lm
vic ca cn trc (cng l 1 ngy lm vic nu thi cng 1 ca/ngy), vic t chc vn chuyn vt
liu v thit b thi cng ca cn trc s phi theo nguyn tc: vn chuyn ct thp v cp pha vo
u gi cc ca (ngy) lm vic, sau tp trung vn chuyn va b tng lin tc cho cng tc
b tng vo khun ca phn khu c b tng trong ca lm vic .
Vic phn chia khi lng lao ng v khi lng cng tc ca cc cng vic tho v lp cp
pha dm sn, lp t ct thp dm sn khng phi tun th iu kin thi cng lin tc nn c th
tin hnh chia u tng khi lng trn tng nh cho s phn khu (12 phn khu).
Xc nh kch thc phn khu b tng theo iu kin b tng lin tc

Hng m b tng m bo iu kin b tng lin tc.

S dng nh mc 1776, b tng dm v sn c cng mt nh mc l: 3,26 (cng/m). Chiu
dy b tng sn sn quy i: h = 418,913/(21,5*90,5) = 0,2153 (m).
Cng trnh c thi cng trong ma xun h, nhit mi trng khong 18 27 C, vi thi
gian bt u ninh kt ca va b tng T0 = 90,0 (pht). Kch thc phn khu c xc nh theo
iu kin:

Phan Hng

Lpk (k1(T0 - Tck - T)

)/Tck = (0,9*(90,0 - 6,564 - 5,0)
)/6,564
= (0,9*(90,0 - 6,564 - 5,0)*2,045)/6,564 = 21,988 (m). (khong 11 (m/lung))
Chn Lpk = B = 21,5 (m) (b rng nh), khong 10,75 (m/lung). Khi cc lung (hng m
) chy song song vi b ngang nh. Ht mi hng m , th bt u m u tin ca lung
b tng tip theo (cc lung ln lt nm dc theo chiu di nh), m vn trong thi hn b tng
tip gip gia 2 lung lin tip cha bt u ninh kt (tc s ninh). Hng b tng ch o l
hng dc theo phng dm ph, khi ny mch ngng, cng l gii hn gia cc phn khu, s
ch yu ct ngang qua sn v dm ph, v song song vi dm chnh. Kch thc phn khu Lpk =
B l m bo iu kin b tng lin tc.
Xc nh b rng trung bnh quy i ca mi phn khu b tng sn sn Bpk (tc l khong cch
trung bnh gia 2 mch ngng b tng song song vi phng dm chnh):
Bpk = Vpk/(hLpk) = 418,913/(12*0,2153*21,5) = 34,909/(0,2153*21,5) = 7,542 (m).
Vi kch thc b rng trung bnh ca phn khu l 7,54 (m) > bc ct l 4,5 (m), nn phn khu
u tin ln v din tch ph ln ton b 2 hng ct, do phn khu u tin s nm n nh
trn 2 hng ct trong lc mi bt u b tng (phn khu ny cn ng c lp ring l mt
mnh).
Xc nh v tr chnh xc ca mch ngng thi cng b tng gia cc phn khu b tng

Phan Hng

Mt bng phn chia phn on b tng dm vn sn ca mt tng nh.

Phan Hng

Khi lng b tng dm v sn ca tng phn khu.

Bn trn, xc nh s b c khong cch gia cc mch ngng, nhng v tr c th ca tng
mch ngng gia cc phn khu b tng sn sn th li phi xc nh chnh xc theo iu kin v
tr mch ngng. T mi xc nh c chnh xc khi lng cng tc ca cng vic b
tng trn mi phn khu.
V tr mch ngng khi hng song song vi dm ph l bt k tit din no ct qua bn sn v
dm ph m nm trong cc khong giao nhau ca cc vng 1/3 gia nhp dm ph (ldp/3 2ldp/3)
vi cc vng 1/3 gia nhp bn sn theo phng dm ph (ls1/3 2ls1/3). Nhng do cc nhp ny
trng nhau, nn khong c mch ngng chnh l khong 1/3 gia nhp dm ph.
V tr mch ngng khi hng song song vi dm chnh l bt k tit din no ct qua bn sn
v dm chnh m nm trong cc khong giao nhau ca cc vng 1/2 gia nhp dm chnh (ldc/4
3ldc/4) vi cc vng 1/2 gia nhp bn sn theo phng dm chnh (ls2/4 3ls2/4).
Khi lng cng tc b tng ca cc phn khu b tng chia thnh 3 loi: 35,502 (m3), 35,498
(m3), 33,728 (m3). Khi lng cng tc gia phn khu ln nht so vi phn khu nh nht l:
(35,502*100%)/33,728 = 105,3% < 120%.
Khi s dng nh mc 1776, khi lng hao ph lao ng cho cng tc b tng trn mi phn
khu l:

Trn phn khu ln nht: 35,502*3,26 = 115,737 (cng),

Trn phn khu nh nht: 33,728*3,26 = 109,953 (cng).

Phan Hng
Khi s dng nh mc 726, khi lng hao ph lao ng cho cng tc b tng trn mi phn
khu l:

Trn phn khu ln nht: 24,391*0,806 + 11,112*0,875 = 19,659 + 9,723 = 29,382

(cng),
Trn phn khu nh nht: 24,188*0,806 + 9,54*0,875 = 19,496 + 8,348 = 27,843 (cng).
chnh lch khi lng lao ng khi dng nh mc 726 l: (29,382 27,843)*100%/27,843 = 5,53% < 25%. Khi lng lao ng ca cc phn khu m bo
iu kin ng u nhau.

Tng trng lng yu cu vn chuyn ca ngy cn trc lm vic ln nht l:

(35,502*2,5*(2357,5/2173,5)) + (73,813/12) + (166,974*1,1/12) = 97,89 + 6,151 + 15,306 =
119,347 (tn) < Nca = 131,882 (tn).
Xc nh khi lng lao ng cho tng cng tc trn mi phn khu thi cng

Phan Hng

Danh mc cng vic (cn gi l c cu phn chia cng vic (WBS)) ca phn thn nh 6 tng b
tng ton khi trong v d ny, t chc thi cng theo t i chuyn mn, th hin bng phn
mm Microsoft Project.
Khi lng cng tc trn cc phn khu dm v sn ton khi:

Khi lng cng tc b tng ca cc phn khu dm sn ton khi: 33,728 (m) (trong
b tng dm 9,54 (m)), 35,498 (m) (trong b tng dm 11,111 (m)), 35,502 (m)
(trong b tng dm 11,112 (m)).
Khi lng cng tc ct thp ca cc phn khu dm sn ton khi: 6,151 (tn). Trong
ct thp dm l: 27,99/12 = 2,333 (tn).
Khi lng cc cng tc lp dng v tho d cp pha ca cc phn khu dm sn ton
khi:

Phan Hng
khng c vn khun mch ngng 3253,83/12 = 271,15 (m). Trong cp pha dm l:
1308,08/12 = 109,01 (m).
c mch ngng ngn: 271,15 + 21,5*0,15 = 274,38 (m).
c mch ngng di: 271,15 + (21,5 + 4,5)*0,15 = 275,05 (m).
Theo nh mc 726:
Khi lng lao ng ca cc cng tc thi cng dm v sn ton khi trn mi phn khu:

Lp cp pha dm sn

(109,01*0,188 + (271,15 - 109,01)*0,125) = 20,494 + 20,268 = 40,761 (cng)

(109,01*0,188 + (274,38 - 109,01)*0,125) = 20,494 + 20,671 = 41,165 (cng)
(109,01*0,188 + (275,05 - 109,01)*0,125) = 20,494 + 20,755 = 41,249 (cng)

t ct thp dm sn

(2,333*6,363 + (6,151 - 2,333)*11,625) = 14,845 + 44,384 = 59,229 (cng)

b tng dm sn

(9,54*0,875 + (33,728 - 9,54)*0,806) = 8,348 + 19,496 = 27,843 (cng)

(11,111*0,875 + (35,498 - 11,111)*0,806) = 9,722 + 19,656 = 29,378 (cng)
(11,112*0,875 + (35,502 - 11,112)*0,806) = 9,723 + 19,658 = 29,381 (cng)

Tho cp pha dm sn

(109,01*0,04 + (271,15 - 109,01)*0,034) = 4,36 + 5,513 = 9,873 (cng)

Khi lng lao ng ca cc cng tc thi cng ct:

Lp ct thp ct: 52,682 (cng)

Lp cp pha ct: 47,731 (cng)
b tng ct: 47,268 (cng)
Tho cp pha ct: (422,4*0,04) = 16,896 (cng)

Theo nh mc 1776:

Gin on cng ngh v bin php tho d cp pha

Phan Hng

Tin th hin trn s xin v biu nhn lc ca phn thi cng thn nh b tng ton
khi

Danh mc cng vic ti gin cho thi cng phn thn nh 6 tng trong v d ny.
Cng trnh nh c thi cng vo ma xun h, nhit mi trng khong 18 27 C. D
tnh c thi gian kt cu b tng t 70% cng thit k, tng ng vi ma thi cng ny,
l khong 10 ngy k t khi bt u b tng. Cng vi iu kin kh hu nh vy, d tnh sau
24 gi (tc l 1 ngy) k t lc bt u b tng, th kt cu b tng ng rn v t cng
thc t khong 50 kG/cm2.

Phan Hng
Gin on cng ngh do chuyn t thi cng (gin on chuyn tng).
Gin on v khng gian trnh bin dng khi b tng dm sn khi b tng c vo
khun v ang trong giai on ninh kt v ng rn. Trong mi ca lm vic khi thi cng dm
sn, thng c 3 dy chuyn chuyn mn (lp cp pha, t ct thp v b tng) cng tc trn
3 phn khu (phn on). Nu trong cng 1 ca , khng gian cng tc ca cng tc b tng
(phn khu ang b tng) tip gip trc tip vi khng gian cng tc ca cng tc t ct thp
(phn khu lp ct thp), th vic thi cng lp t ct thp c nguy c lm lay ng cc cu kin
ct thp nm trong khi b tng, do cc cu kin ct thp v ang lp lin kt vi nhau
qua mi ni ct thp thnh mt h kt cu ct thp. m bo cht lng cho vic c b tng
(m bo bm dnh gia ct thp v b tng sau ny) th cn thit phi b tr mt khng gian
m gia 2 cng tc b tng v lp ct thp, m khng gian ny ct thp c lp xong
vo khun ch b tng nh cha c b tng. Chn khng gian ny l 1 phn khu. Vic
ny cn m bo ct thp c ct v ni ng quy phm, ng thi m bo c phn khi
lng chnh lch v din tch cp pha dm sn do yu cu ct thp dm sn ln hn v tr
ngng l thuyt ca cp pha v ct thp.