Bi tp :Phn GLUXIT-CACBOHIDRAT Bi 1: Anoxhexoz v xetohexoz u c cng thc phn t l C6H12O6 a/ Hy tm cc ng phn dng khng vng ca chng b/ Ch ra cc ng phn i quang

,ng phn ia,ng phn etime,ng phn anome? c/ Trong cc ng phn ,c ng phn meso khng? d/ Trong mi loi anohexoz v xetohexoz c bao nhiu bin th raxemic? e/ Ly hai ng phn khng i quang bt k dng cng thc Fis .hy gi tn ca chng theo h thng R,S. Bi 2: Cho D-glucoz qua dy bin ha sau,hy xc nh cu to ca P,Q,X,Y (1),Z,E (2) v A,B (3). a/ D-glucoz CH3OH P (CH3)2SO4 Q H3O+ X Br2,H2O Y. HCl khan NaOH Br2 HIO4 b/ D-glucoz Z E. H2O C6H5NHNH2 +C6H5NHNH2 +C6H5NHNH2 c/ D-glucoz A B C. t l 1:1 t l 1:1 t l 1:1 Bi 3: Cho nhng tinh th D-glucoz c im nng chy 146oC ha tan vo nc cho nng sut quay cc ban u l +112oC,nhng sau gim xung ti 52,7oC. Mt khc , khi cho nhng tinh th D-glucoz c im nng chy 150oC ha tan vo nc cho nng sut quay cc ban u l +19,nhng dn dn tng ln n 52,7. l s quay h bin gia hai ng phn anome v .Hy tnh thnh phn % hai ng phn trong dung dch .Bit rng hm lng cc dng ng phn mch h l khng ng k. Bi 4: Khi tin hnh metyl ha hon ton (+)-mantoz v sau thy phn ha s cho cc sn phm g?T suy ra cu trc (+)-mantoz. Bi 5: Hy xc nh cu to ca A,B,C,D l nhng sn phm oxi ha kh ha ca glucoz trong cc phn ng sau: a/ A + 4HIO4 3HCOOH + HCHO + OHC-CHO b/ B + 5HIO4 4HCOOH + 2HCHO c/ C + 3HIO4 2HCOOH + 2OHC-CHO d/ D + 4HIO4 4HCOOH + OHC-CHO Bi 6: a/ V cu trc mch h ca 3 ng phn 2-xetohexoz ca D-frutoz. b/ ng phn no khng cho meso anitol khi kh? c/ ng phn no c cng ozazon nh D-galactoz.? Bi 7: a/ Cc D-anohexoz no khi oxi ha bng HNO3 s cho axit meso-anaric b/ Hy cho bit cc bc chuyn ha valinin thnh rax-3,4-ihiroxiphenyl anilin.

Bi 8: Hy iu ch: a/ methionin t acrolein b/ Axit glutamic bc tng hp este ca axit phtalimit malonic. Bi 9: a/ L- anoz no s cho cng mt axit anaric nh l D-manoz. b/ Axit aniric ca D- v L- manoz c quan h vi nhau nh th no? Bi 10: a/ Vit cng thc cu trc ca hai lacton vng 6 cnh vi cng mt kch thc vng , c hnh thnh t axit glucaric (axit anaric ca glucoz). b/ Mi lacton a c kh thnh axit anonic,lacton ca axit ny khi tng tc vi Na/Hg v CO2 s cho anohexoz.Hy cho bit cu trc v ch r ph h ca mi anohexoz. Bi 11: a/Vit cu trc cc sn phm ca cc phn ng sau: (1) (2) (3) D-glucoz A B C vi (1) l (C6H5)3CCl, piriin, (2) l (CH3CO)2,piriin, (3) l HBr kh,CH3COOH. b/ Khi cho D-glucoz tc dng vi H2 c Ni lm xc tc to ra sorbitol (ru 6 ln ru).Khi cho D-glucoz tc dng vi axit HNO3 to ra axit glucaric (ddicacboxxylic).Tm cc ng phn cht u v cht cui .Biu din cc hp cht bng cng thc Fis v R,S. Bi 12: Tm s tng hp cc qu trnh sau: a/ D-glucoz -metyl- D-glucoz b/ D-glucoz 2,3,4,6-tetrametyl- D-glucoz c/ D-glucoz 2,3,4,6-tretraaxetyl--D-glucopiranozyl bromua (axeto bromo-glucoz d/ Axetobrom glucoz 2,3,4,6-tetraaxetyl- -D-glucoz e/ Axetobrom glucoz v 1,2,3,4-tetraaxetyl- -D-glucoz -gentiobioz octaaxetat f/ D-glucoz pentaaxetyl-D-gulononitrin g/ D-glucoz -metyl- D-glucozit h/ D-glucoz n-hexan i/ D-glucoz D-sorbitol k/ D-manoz axit mannonic l/ D-arabinoz D-mannoz m/ D-mannoz D-arabinoz n/ D-glucoz D-arabinoz o/T glucoz 2,3,5-triaxetyl glucoz p/T D-glucoz v phenol phenyl -D-glucopiranozit Bi 13: a/Hy tm quy trnh tng hp vitamin C t -D-glucoz.Ti sao vitamin C li c tnh axit v c gi l axit L-ascobic.Nguyn t hiro no trong phn t vitamin C c tnh axit mnh nht? Ti sao? b/ Xenlobioz ging mantoz l c tnh kh v khi thy phn to thnh hai phn t glucoz 1/ Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra?

2/ So snh s khc nhau v cu to gia Xenlobioz v mantoz. Bi 14: a/ Cht anz dy D no khi un nng vi axit H2SO4 long to thnh 2-furandehit ,khi b oxi ha bng HNO3 to thnh axit hiroxiaxit hai chc c ba nhm nguyn t OH ,cn khi kh ha li to thnh ancol c hot tnh quang hc? b/ T monosaccarit c thnh phn C6H12O6 iu ch ra dn xut hidroxinitrin.Khi kh ha sn phm thy ngn dn xut hidroxinitrin thu c axit 2-metylhexanoic.Hy xc nh cu to ca monosaccarit trn.Bit rng n cho cng mt ozazon nh D-glucoz. Bi 15: a/ Trong mt ong c mt cht ng khng c tnh kh l melexitoz c cng thc phn t C18H32O16,khi thy phn n bng axit cho D-frutoz v hai phn t D-glucoz.Mt khc khi thy phn khng hon ton n cho D-glucoz v disaccarit turanoz.Cn thy phn bng men mantoza to thnh D-glucoz v D-fructoz.Khi thy phn bng men khc cho saccaroz.Metyl ha melexitoz,sau thy phn thu c 1,4,6-tri-O-metylD-fructoz,v hai phn t 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl- D-glucoz.Hy suy ra cng thc cu to ca melexitoz. b/ Trong mt ma c mt cht ng c tnh kh l (+)-rafinoz c cng thc phn t C18H32O16.Khi thy phn n bng axit cho cc sn phm l D-fructoz , D-glactoz v D-glucoz.Khi thy phn bng men -galactozia cho -galactoz v saccaroz .Khi thy phn bng men invecta (men thy phn saccaroz) cho D-fructoz v disaccarit melebioz.Khi metyl ha rafinoz ri thy phn cho cc sn phm chnh l: 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl- D-fructoz 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-metyl- D-glactoz v 2,3,4-tri-O-metyl- D-glucoz. Hy suy ra cu to ca rafinoz.