Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GVHD: L Xun Hi
CONG HOA XA HOI CHU
oc lap T do Hanh
phuc
O AN
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Trang 1
GVHD: L Xun Hi
NHAN XET O AN
Can bo hng dan. Nhan xet:__________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
iem:_______________
Ch ky:______________
Ch ky:______________
Trang 2
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Mc Lc
Mc Lc.....................................................................................................................................3
Chng 1....................................................................................................................................4
2. Tnh cht v ng dng ca cn..............................................................................................9
3. Phng php hp ph (ry phn t)...................................................................................19
Chng 2..................................................................................................................................30
Chng 3..................................................................................................................................41
Chng 4..................................................................................................................................42
Chng 5..................................................................................................................................53
I. Chn tc nhn gii hp ph...........................................................................53
Chng 6..................................................................................................................................60
III. Tnh ton thit b ngng t sn phm .........................................................80
Kt Lun
Ti Liu tham kho
Trang 3
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 1
TNG QUAN
Trang 4
GVHD: L Xun Hi
I. Mc ch ti
1. Tnh thc tin ca ti
Cc nh khoa hc cho bit, chng ta ang sng trong mt giai on lch s mi cu
tri t k nguyn loi ngi khi chng ta l ngun lc chnh ca tri t. Nhng hin
nay s thnh cng thi qu ca con ngi gy ra nhng p lc cha tng thy cho h sinh
thi tri t v e da chnh loi ngi . Theo cc chuyn gia, chng ta ang phi i mt vi
su vn c lin quan ti nhau v rt cp bch:
-
trnh cng nghip ha v dn s tng ang lm gim din tch trng cy lng thc
-
Nc: n nm 2025, 2/3 dn s th gii phi sng trong vng thiu nc sch
trong khi ngun nhin liu ha thch ny ang khan him dn v d on s ht trong mt
tng lai rt gn
-
a dng sinh hc: Nhiu nh khoa hc cho rng th gii ang bc vo cuc i tuyt
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GVHD: L Xun Hi
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GVHD: L Xun Hi
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GVHD: L Xun Hi
Tit kim c lng xng nhp khu nu pha thm 10% Ethanol vo xng m bo
Ethanol c ch s octane cao, nn khi pha thm Ethanol vo xng lm tng thm ch
r, ng, snng thi to cng n vic lm cho nhn dn. Hng nm nc ta c khong 31
triu tn rm r, ngoi vic sn xut nm rm ra th y l ngn sn xut cn rt ln, rt c
trin vng
-
Trang 8
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0
H C = CH +H O CH CH OH
1.2. Phng php ln men
Ethanol s dng trong ung cha cn cng nh phn ln ethanol s dng trong
cng nghip, nhin liu c sn xut theo phng php ln men: qu trnh ny l chuyn
ha ng thnh ethanol bng nm men (ngi ta thng dng loi Saccharomyses
cerevisiae) trong iu kin khng c oxy hay iu kin ym kh, phn ng ha hc tng qut
c vit nh sau:
6
12
C H O 2 CH CH OH + 2CO
Qu trnh nui cy men ru c gi l men. Sau khi chuyn ha ht ng ngi ta lc
ly dung dch v em chng ct nng cao nng ethanol
2. Tnh cht v ng dng ca cn
2.1. Tnh cht vt l
Ethanol l cht lng khng mu, mi thm, d chy, d ht m, c phn cc mnh.
Ethanol c th ha tan nhiu cht v c cng nh hu c nn c s dng lm dung mi rt
tt. Ethanol d chy v c th to hn hp n vi khng kh. Ethanol to hn hp ng ph
0
Trang 9
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0
15
4
-1
-1
cht st trng
-
Trong ha hc cn l cht trung gian sn xut ra cc ha cht khc nh: axit acetic,
Trang 10
GVHD: L Xun Hi
GVHD: L Xun Hi
hon ton bnh thng so vi vic dng 100% xng. Cn pha xng ngy nay c tiu
chun ha v cht lng, ty theo quc gia quy nh, sau y l mt s tiu chun in hnh
STT
Tn ch tiu
Gii hn
92,1
0,5
5,0
mg/100ml, max
4
1,0
1,96 5,0
32
0,1
0,007
6,5 9,0
10
30
11
4
3
12
13
Ngoi quan
Trong
Trang 12
GVHD: L Xun Hi
STT
Tn ch tiu
n v
Gii hn
g/ml
0,796
% tt
99,5
Tnh kim
Khng c
% KL
0,006
% KL
0,005
Trang 13
GVHD: L Xun Hi
g/100ml
0,10
Ch (Pb), max
g/100ml
Khng c
Methyl alcohol
Ppm
Tha mn cc
yu cu mi
trng
Ppm
Tha mn cc
yu cu mi
trng
10
% tt
Khng c
n v
Gii hn
g/ml
0,7961
STT
Tn ch tiu
0
% tt
99,5
Tnh kim
Khng c
mg/l
30
%KL
0,005
mg/l
60
mg/kg
0,1
5,
CH COOC H max
7
ng (Cu), max
Trang 14
GVHD: L Xun Hi
mg/kg
300
microS/m
300
Trang 15
GVHD: L Xun Hi
t chy hon ton cc cht trong hn hp chy nh c thm oxy trong ethnol gim
vi mi trng
Bn cnh s dng ethanol pha xng cng c nhng nhc im:
-
khi ng ng c
-
phi cn i hp l gia vic s dng lng thc lm nguyn liu sn xut cn v thc
phm sinh hot
Trang 16
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Ethanol thu c sau qu trnh ln men r ng, tinh bt hoc xenllulo c nng
khong 10%tt 12%tt. thu c cn c nng ln hn nng ti im ng ph thng
thng phi tri qua cc giai on chnh sau:
ti gn im ng ph (96,4%tt)
Giai on 2: S dng cc phng php c bit khc tinh ch, lm khan cn.
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 18
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 19
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0
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GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 21
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 22
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 23
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng luyn trch ly c th tao ra sch cao hn cc thp lm sch thng thng.
tt
4.3. Phng php ry phn t
u im
-
Khng c cc tc nhn c hi
Trang 24
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Nhc im
-
V. Vt liu hp ph Zeolite
1. Cu trc ca zeolite
Zeolite l vt liu xp c bit n u tin vo nm 1756 bi nh khong vt
hc ngi Thy in A.F. Cronsteds. Zeolite t nhin c hnh thnh trong qu trnh hot
ng ca ni la v l cc Aluminosilicat tinh th cu trc mao qun rt ng u cho php
chng sng lc nhng phn t theo cu trc xc nh. Hin nay c hn 40 loi Zeolite c
tm thy trong t nhin v c khong 100 loi zeolite tng hp vi kch thc mao qun nm
0
trong khong 3A 30A . Kch thc mao qun dng t tn cho vt liu ny v n cng
l yu t quyt nh n tnh cht ca zeolite. Thnh phn c bn ca zeolite nh sau:
+
2 x
2 y
Trang 25
GVHD: L Xun Hi
loi nh sau:
-
Loi giu Si (t Al): loi ny c t l Si/Al ln hn 2,5, tiu biu cho loi ny c ZSM
5, ZSM- 11
Trang 26
GVHD: L Xun Hi
3. Xc nh b mt ring ca zeolite
xc nh b mt ring ca zeolite ta da vo cng thc
r
S = n .N.S
m /g
Trong :
2
Cht b hp ph
Nhit , K
Sm, (A )
77
16,2
90
14,1
Ar
77
13,8
Kr
77
20,2
Xe
273
22
CO
195
16,8
N
2
Trang 27
GVHD: L Xun Hi
CO
298
20,7
298
10,8
HO
Zeolite 4A l loi Zeolite c kch thc mao qun trung bnh 4A . Zeolite 4A c hnh
2
thnh nh s kt hp gia oxit natri, oxit nhm, oxit silic vi nhau vi t l 1Na O: 1Al O :
2
Trang 28
GVHD: L Xun Hi
c tnh k thut
M t
n v
Hnh tr
ng knh
mm
Mc ng u
%, min
g/cm3,
Hnh cu
1,5-1,7
3,0-3,3
1,7-2,5
3,0-5,0
98
98
96
96
0,67 ~ 0,75
min
Mc hao mn do c st
%, max
0,20
0,25
0,20
0,20
Cng chu lc
N, min
30/cm
45/cm
60/cm
70/cm
Kh nng hp ph
%, min
20,5
20,5
20,5
20,5
Mc hao mn do nhit
%, max
1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
Trang 29
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 2
C S L THUYT HP PH
I. Thuyt hp ph ng nhit Langmuir
Theo Langmuir trn b mt cht hp ph c trng lc ha tr cha bo ha v vy c th
hp ph cc phn t cht b hp ph ti cc v tr ny cc v tr ny c c gi l trung tm
hp ph. Lc hp ph c bn knh tc dng rt nh l lc bn cht gn vi lc ha hc nn
mi tm ch gi li c mt phn t cht hp ph to thnh lp hp ph n lp trn b mt
cht hp ph. Cc phn t cht hp ph ch tng tc vi trung tm hp ph m khng tng
tc vi cc trung tm khc hay cc phn t khc gn .
Nhng gi thit khi lp phng trnh Langmuir
S hp ph l thun nghch
Trang 30
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trong khi vn tc
E ' gii hp t l vi phn din tch b che ph v mc hot ng ca
e RT
qu trnh nh hp
k02.P.(S S1 ).e
01
E
RT
= k01.S1.e
E'
RT
02
k
S
P=
= 01 .e RT
S S1 k02
Vi q = E E n chnh l nhit hp ph
Gi:
S1
S
l phn b mt b hp ph
q
1 k01 RT
=
.e
K k02
Trang 31
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Thay
K .P
1 + K .P
v
vo phng trnh trn ta c
vm
v = vm
K .P
1 + K .P
P
1
P
=
+
v K .vm vm
x = K.P
x- hp ph, P- p sut kh cn bng trn b mt hp ph, K- hng s, n- s phn t b
hp ph
1/n
Nu n < 5 th x = K.P
Trang 32
GVHD: L Xun Hi
x = C +C lnP
1
Trong C , C l cc hng s
Trang 33
GVHD: L Xun Hi
nhng tng b mt l khng i. thit lp phng trnh ng nhit BET ngi ta tha
nhn gi thit ca Langmuir v b sung thm mt s iu
ha lng
S lp hp ph tr ln v cng ln p sut bo ha
Da trn c s ngi ta thit lp phng trnh BET
P
P0
V
=
=
Vm (1 P ).(1 P + C. P )
P0
P0
P0
C.
Trong :
V: th tch cht b hp ph trn mt gam cht hp ph
m
P : p sut hi bo ha ca cht b hp ph
m
= V/V : b mt b hp ph
Trang 34
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Bo co
ca
E.Lalik,
R.Mirek,
J.Raocry,
A.Groszek
17/4/2006
Loi
Tng
Lng
Enthanpy
Tng
Lng
Enthanpy
Nhit hp
Zeolite
nhit
Ethanol
hp ph
nhit
Ethanol
hp nh
ph bt
v nhit
hp
hp ph
kJ/mol
nh
sau nh
ph
thun
ph,
mmol
hp,mJ
hp
kJ/mol
nghc
mJ
3A, RT
mmol
kJ/mol
180,7
1,5
120,5
57,1
0,4
142,7
112,4
3A,98 C
160,4
0,9
178,2
58,2
0,5
116,4
255,5
5A, RT
727,8
14,9
48,8
195,5
4,8
40,7
52,7
Trang 35
GVHD: L Xun Hi
5A,95 C
2262
35,1
63,8
429,7
8,1
53,0
69,7
130 C. Gii hp ph bng cn khan 99,2% khi lng, nhit 160 C hoc c gii hp
ph bng kh Nito kh.
Trang 36
GVHD: L Xun Hi
vo 120 C
T hnh trn ta thy rng p sut cng ln th lng nc hp ph cng nhiu hay p
sut cao thun li cho qu trnh hp ph
Trang 37
GVHD: L Xun Hi
mH2O(g)
30.059
72
33.685
09
35.644
83
39.042
58
43.211
82
x(gH2O/gzeoli
te)
0.088770
46
0.099476
67
0.105264
05
0.115298
07
0.127610
41
P/x
56.325
04
100.52
61
237.49
80
260.19
52
274.27
23
Trang 38
GVHD: L Xun Hi
T th ta c
P
= 25,142 + 7,6486
x
m
H2O
Suy ra x = 0,1308 g
zeolite
/g
Qu trnh nh hp ph
Trong qu trnh nh hp ph ta s dng trc tip hi cn khan khi qua thp hp ph lm
tc nhn gii hp
Trang 39
GVHD: L Xun Hi
ph v gii hp. Ta chn qu trnh gii hp tai nhit 140 C, lu lng cn khan gii hp
bng 20% lu lng cn khan ra khi thp hp ph, p sut gii hp - 0,7atm
Trang 40
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 3
Trang 41
GVHD: L Xun Hi
nh vy. Qu trnh gii hp c thc hin bng dng kh nito khan c cp t bn cha 10
0
v nn ln p sut 1,5at a qua thit b gia nhit 7 nng nhit ln 300 C v a vo thp
gii hp. Gia qu trnh gii hp v hp ph c thi gian cn bng x p cao t thp hp
ph xung 1,5 at sau mi a dng hi nito vo gii hp, dng kh x p c sc vo
nc v tun hon li h thng chng ct to cn nguyn liu cho qu trnh hp ph
Chng 4
QU TRNH HP PH
I. Cn bng vt cht cho qu trnh hp ph
Cc k hiu:
Trang 42
GVHD: L Xun Hi
yv
yv
Trang 43
GVHD: L Xun Hi
T0 .P
M 273.P
46 273.2,5
=
.
=
.
= 3,56kg / m 3
T .P0 22,4 T .P0
22,4 393.1
N = 0 .
T0 .P
M 273.P
18 273.2,5
=
.
=
.
= 1,39kg / m 3
T .P0 22,4 T .P0
22,4 393.1
R = E = 0 .
T0 .P
M 273.P
46 273.2,5
=
.
=
.
= 3,56 kg / m 3
T .P0 22,4 T .P0
22,4 393.1
Trang 44
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Lu lng dng hi nc u ra
NR
Lu lng dng kh tr u vo cng v u ra khng thay i(ta coi ethanol hon ton khng b
hp ph)
nv
XV =
GNV
= 0,08
GNV + GTr
NV
Dng vo
Lu
Lu
Lu
Dng ra
Nng
Lu
Lu
Lu
Nng
Trang 45
GVHD: L Xun Hi
lng
lng
lng
lng
lng
lng
Ethanol,
Nc,
%khi
Ethanol,
Nc,
%khi
kg/h
kg/h
kg/h
lng
kg/h
kg/h
lng
1925,1
1771,1
154
0,08
1771,1
8,9
0,005
1780
V
H= g
S .k y
Cyv
Cyr
dC
y Cy *
Trong :
3
V : Lu lng hn hp hi u vo, m /s
y
D=
Vg
0,785.
Qv
1925,1
=
= 0,795m
3600.0,785..
3600.0,785.0,302.3,56
Trang 46
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Sh =
k y .d
D
Re =
.w.d
,
Sc =
D.
Hay tng ng vi
k y = 1,17
( wd ) 0,585 . 0,252 .D 2 / 3
0, 252 .d
Vi
D: h s khuch tn phn t ca hi nc ti nhit lm vic
y
Trang 47
GVHD: L Xun Hi
P( A 3
1
1
4,3.10 7.3931,5
1 1
+
=
+
= 4,17.10 6 m 2 / s
1
1
1
+ B 3 ) M A M B 3,5.(52,9 3 + 18,9 3 ) 18 46
Vi:
A
k y = 1,17
( wd ) 0,585 . 0,252 .D 2 / 3
0, 252 .d
= 1,17
H=
Vg
S .k y
Cyv
Cyr
dC
y Cy *
Trong vng ng thng ca ng ng nhit th tch phn trong cng thc trn
c tnh bng ng lc trung bnh logarit
Trang 48
C y lg =
GVHD: L Xun Hi
C y C yc
C y
ln
C yc
yc
yc
yc
C -C *
Vi kh nng hp ph ca zeolite th nng cn bng ca pha hi c th t
y
yc
99,99%, nn C * = C * = 0,01%
Suy ra
C y lg =
H=
Vg
S .k y C y lg
1925
= 2,9m
3,56.3600.0,5024.3,55.0,029
Cx *
Cx *
. H O b.
.C y
k y .C y
Vi
Trang 49
GVHD: L Xun Hi
H : Chiu cao lp hp ph
3
0,2.650
0,2.650
. 3,2 0,51.
= 120,69
0,3.0,08
3,55.0,08
Suy ra:
V=
.D 2
.0,82
.H O =
.3,2 = 1,6m3
4
4
GVHD: L Xun Hi
M Z = V . x = 1,6.650 = 1040 kg
Q - nhit hp ph, kJ
ms
hp
ms
tt
Q =Q +Q +Q -Q
Vi
1
V 1
Q = G .i
V
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0
trong : i nhit lng ring ca hi ethanol nguyn cht 110 C, 3,5 at, kJ/kg; i
0
nhit lng ring ca hi nc nguyn cht ti 110 C, 3,5 at, kJ/kg; x nng khi
lng hi nc trong hn hp nhp liu
1
V 1
hp
ms
tt
r r
Q = G .i G .C.T
r
G lu lng dng cn khan ra khi thp, kg/h; i nhit lng ring ca dng cn
khan ra khi thp, kJ/kg; C nhit dung ring ca dng sn phm, kJ/kg.; t nhit dng
0
cn ra, C, ta c
t=
Q2
252,7.3600
=
= 127,80 C
Gr .C
1780.3,64
Trang 52
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 5
QU TRNH GII HP PH
I. Chn tc nhn gii hp ph
Ta c th dng cc cht hu c hay kh tr thch hp thc hin qu trnh nh hp ph.
Theo cc nghin cu gn y nu ta s dng kh nito thc hin qu trnh nh hp cho ct
Trang 53
GVHD: L Xun Hi
ph 180 C
Gnt = G1 + G2
Vi Gnt l tng lng hi nito gii hp kg/h
1
hp,kg/h; G - l tng lng nito cung cp nhit cho ct nh nh trn nu, kg/h, ta c:
Trang 54
G2 =
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Qn + Qhp + Qtt
t.C.T
Q - Lng nhit m dng nito cung cp gii hp, c gi tr bng nhit hp, kJ ph
tt
Qn = mC.T
Trong : m - khi lng zeolite trong mt thp, kg ; c - nhit dung ring ca zeolite,
kJ/kg.; T- chnh lch nhit ; t thi gian hp ph, s
G2 =
1,05.(Qn + Qhp )
t.C.T
1,05.(3744.4,186 + 212426,4)
= 340,5kg / h
0,35.4,186.(300 180).4
GVHD: L Xun Hi
n 1
p . .
n x1 n x2
= a
.
.
760
n 1
x1 x2
n 1
n
22,4.T .
273M a
Trong p p sut trong thit b khi nh hp, mmHg; khi lng ring cu hi nito ti
3
nhit nh, kg/m ; T nhit nh, K; M khi lng mol cht nh hp, kg/kmol; v n
l cc i lng xc nh t ng ng nhit hp ph
vi = 0,2, n = 0,312 ta c
1,5.760.3,2.0,2
760
0 , 3121
0 , 312
1
0 , 312
0,312 0,2
0,001
.
0,312 1
0,2 0,001
0 , 3121
0 , 312
22,4.(180 + 273).3,2
= 0,28 Vy:
273.28
Lp ht zeolite ng knh 2mm, khi lng ring ca Zeolite 1100kg/m , khi lng
3
Trang 56
GVHD: L Xun Hi
3
Ar =
(0,11.10 )
iu kin xp
= 1
v
650
= 1
= 0,41
r
1100
Chun s Renold ti hn
Re k =
Ar
2,53.106
=
= 260,7
1400 + 5,22 Ar 1400 + 5,22 2,53.106
Tc ti hn chuyn vo lp tng si
vk =
Re k . 260,7.0,11.10 4
=
= 0,403m / s
d
3,56.2.10 3
Trang 57
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0,302
=
= 0,736m / s
0,41
II. Cc giai on nh hp ph
Nh hp ph c chia lm ba giai on
Cn bng p sut
Giai on ny ta x p trong thit b hp ph n p sut kh quyn sau chuyn thp sang
giai on nh hp, giai on ny din ra trong 10 pht
Gia nhit v gii hp
Trong khong thi gian mt thp hp ph th thp cn li s lm nhim v nh hp ph. Giai
on ny din ra khong 120 pht vi dng Nito khan c lu lng 376,6kg/h, nhit
0
Trang 58
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 59
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 6
TNH TON C KH
I. Tnh ton chiu cao ton b thp
Chiu cao ton thp
O
GVHD: L Xun Hi
2.H 0 .v0
.
d0
2
Trong :
h
2
2 0,41
d=
0,002 = 9,3.10 4 m
3 1
3 1 0,41
Re =
v0 d 0 0,763.9,3.10 4
=
= 22,96
3,09.10 5
h =
27,8
27,8
+ 0,8 =
+ 0,8 = 2,01
Re
22,96
Trang 61
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Tr lc qua thp
P = h .
2.H 0 .v0
2.3,2 3,56.0,763
.
= 2,01.
.
= 18,7.10 3 N / m 2
d0
2
9,3.10 4
2
2
p sut ti y thp
4
H s bn mi hn = 0,95
1. Tnh b dy cho thn tr hn chu p sut trong
Xc nh p sut tc ng ln phn di thp c k c p sut ca lp zeolite
m
-6
-6
Trang 62
[ ]
p
GVHD: L Xun Hi
125
0,95 = 327,1 > 25
0,363
p.Dt
0,363.800
=
= 1,22mm
2.[ ] h 2.140.0,95
800 + (4 1)
Vy ta chn b dy thp 4 mm
2. Tnh y, np thp
y v np c hn trc tip ln thn thit b
Trang 63
GVHD: L Xun Hi
[ ]
p
S=
125
0,95 = 327,1 > 25
0,363
p.Rt
0,363.800
+ Ca =
+ 1 = 2,22mm
2.[ ]. h
2.125.0,95
Vi R c tnh
2
Rt =
Dt
4.ht
Nn suy ra R = D
Ta chn b dy y np bng b dy thn S = 4mm
Kim tra iu kin bn
S Ca 4 1
=
= 3,75.10 3 < 0,125
Dt
800
Trang 64
GVHD: L Xun Hi
800 + (4 1)
B dy y np S = 4 mm tha yu cu.
Vy chn kch thc y np
ng knh
t
su y
Chiu cao g
B mt trong
2
Th tch
B dy
trong D , mm
h , mm
h, mm
F, m
V.10 ,m3
800
200
25
0,76
79,6
S,mm
4
Trang 65
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Bch c lam bang thep CT , cau tao cua bch la bch lien
khong co.
Trang 66
GVHD: L Xun Hi
3.1. ng dn hi ti y thp
Vn tc dng hi i trong ng chn = 10m/s
ng knh trong ca ng dn
Dy =
Vg
0,785.
Qv
1925,1
=
= 0,138m
3600.0,785..
3600.0,785.15.3,56
Vg
0,785.D
1925,1
= 8,5m / s
3600.3,56.0,785.0,152
2
Bu long
d
mm
150
159
260
225
Z
cai
202
16
16
Trang 67
Dy =
Vg
0,785.
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Qv
1925,1
=
= 0,189m
3600.0,785..
3600.0,785.5.3,56
Vg
0,785.D
1925,1
= 4,78m / s
3600.3,56.0,785.0,15 2
2
Bu long
d
mm
200
290
255
232
Z
cai
202
16
16
ng tho Zeolite y
Ta chn kch thc ng tho zeolite y bng vi ng nhp zeolite
Chn vn tc dng hi i trong ng 5 m/s
ng knh trong ca ng dn
Trang 68
Dy =
Vg
0,785.
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Qv
1925,1
=
= 0,189m
3600.0,785..
3600.0,785.5.3,56
Vg
0,785.D
1925,1
= 4,78m / s
3600.3,56.0,785.0,15 2
2
Bu long
d
mm
200
290
255
232
Z
cai
202
16
16
Trong :
Trang 69
GVHD: L Xun Hi
2
2
. Dn Dt .H . = .( 0,808 2 0,800 2 ).2,5.7900 = 199kg
4
4
Z
Trang 70
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Truc thiet b
T heo ay
thie t b
Gc =
P M .g 1310,8.9,81
=
=
= 4286,3 N
3
3
3
4
-6
4
q.10
F.10
B1
B2
120
40
18
N/m2
85,5
0,29
mm
110
80
95
110
180
Trang 71
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Th tch mt chn :
V1chn = [2.(H - s).s. B2 + L. s. B].10 -9
V1chn = [2.(180 - 6).6. 110 + 110. 6. 80].10 -9 = 2,69.10 3 m 3
1 chn .
=V
-3
CT3
Chn tai treo: Tai treo c gn trn thn thp v ta vo gin gi thp vng
trong qu trnh lm vic
Chn vt liu lm tai treo l thp CT3
4
Ti trng trn mt tai treo chn bng vi ti trng trn mt chn G = 0,25.10 N
Tra bng XIII.36 [2] chn tai treo c cc thng s sau:
4
F.10
q.10
Trang 72
GVHD: L Xun Hi
N/m
mm
57,0
0,44
90
65
75
140
35
15
14
1,0
tam lot
= B.S .H
-9
-3
tam lot.
=V
CT3
-3
Trang 73
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Chng 7
B dy ng: = 3 mm = 0,003 m
tr
Nhit hi t 119,6 C
Trang 74
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Q = G .C .T + G .r + G .C . T
l
le
ln
ln
GD =
Q
585,8
=
= 0,28kg / s
0,95r 0,95.2208
Trang 75
GVHD: L Xun Hi
t log =
.r
S = 7,77 .10 - 2. h
h
0,033
0,333
0,75 .q 0,7
. 0, 45 0.117 0,37
.c .Ts
= 0,44.10 3 N .s / m 2
Nhit dung ring ca hn hp cn lng
C = (1 x).C E + x.C N = (1 0,08).3,22 + 0,08.4,19 = 3,3kJ / kg.K
n nhit ha hi ca hn hp
r = (1 x).rE + x.rN = (1 0,08).812 + 0,08.2597 = 954,8kJ / kg
H s dn nhit ca hn hp
= (1 x ).E + x. N = (1 0,08).0,1635 + 0,08.0,672 = 0,204W / m.K
Trang 76
GVHD: L Xun Hi
n = 0,7254
rn . n2 .g.3n
n .(t n - t W1 ).d tr
0
w1
-3
n = 0,7254
2208.926,12.9,81.0,6863
rn . n2 .g.3n
= 0,7254
= 2184W / m 2 .K
-3
n .(t n - t W1 ).d tr
0,237.10 .(119,6 - 110).0,032
w1
Trang 77
qt =
GVHD: L Xun Hi
t w1 t w 2
t w1 t w 2 = qt .rt = 20966 ,4.5,289.10 4 = 11,1
rt
rt =
t
+ r1 + r2
t
0,033
-2
1,51.954,8
= 7,77 .10 -2.
765 1,51
0,033
0,333
0,75 .q 0,7
0, 45 .c0.117 .Ts0,37
765
.
3
23.10
0,333
w2
0,204 0,75.20996,40,7
0,44.10 3
0 , 45
.3,30.117.392,6 0,37
= 1020,5W / m 2 .K
Ki
ban u ta gi s
c chp nhn
Trang 78
GVHD: L Xun Hi
K=
K=
1
1
1
+ rt +
n
S
1
1
1
+ 5,289.10 4 +
2184
1020,5
= 508,5W / m 2 .K
7. B mt truyn nhit
F=
Q
585,8 1000
=
= 4,17 = 19,6m 2
K .tlog 508,5 58,9
Trang 79
GVHD: L Xun Hi
1780
.781 = 386 kW
3600
Trong G
GD =
Q
386
=
= 7,68kg / s
C.T 4,187.(40 28)
Trang 80
GVHD: L Xun Hi
tlog =
r . .g.n
n = 1,15 n n
n .(t n - t W1 ).H
2
w1
1
( tv + tr ) = 1 ( 28 + 40) = 34
2
2
Ti nhit ny :
3
-7
Trang 81
GVHD: L Xun Hi
0 ,8
. Pr
0 , 43
Pr
.
Prt
0 , 25
H s cp nhit ca nc trong ng
n=
Nu n .n
H
w1
-3
Trang 82
GVHD: L Xun Hi
rn . n .g.n
7812.680 2.9,81.0,1533
4
n = 1,15
= 1,15
= 1245,6W / m 2 .K
-3
n .(t n - t W1 ).H
0,45.10 .(94,5 - 78,5).1
2
w1
t w1 t w 2
t w1 t w2 = qt .rt = 19929,6.5,289.10 4 = 10,5
rt
w2
rt =
t
+ r1 + r2
t
-4
Trang 83
t=
GVHD: L Xun Hi
1
( t w1 + t w2 ) = 1 ( 78,5 + 60) = 69,250 C
2
2
t
0 ,8
. Pr
0 , 43
n=
Pr
.
Prt
0 , 25
= 0,021.1.13278 .4,9
0 ,8
4,9
.
2,55
0 , 43
0 , 25
= 1220
Nu n .n 1220.0,626
=
= 763,72
H
1
n
w2
ban u ta gi s
c chp nhn
6. H s truyn nhit tng qut
K=
1
1
1
+ 5,298.10 4 +
763,72
1254,6
= 378,5W / m 2 .K
7. B mt truyn nhit
F=
Q
386 1000
=
= 16,58m 2
K .t log 378,5 60,3
Trang 84
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 85
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 86
GVHD: L Xun Hi
KET LUAN
Vi quy trnh cng ngh tnh ton trn s dng cht hp ph zeolite 4A
ngoi ra cn c th s dng cht hp ph zeolite 3A hin cha c ti liu no
chng minh 4A, hay 3A c kh nng hp ph chn lc hi nc trong cn tt
hn.
Cn tinh luyn khng ch dng pha xng m rt nhiu lnh vc hin
nay c nhu cu v loi cn ny do cng vi iu kin l mt nc nng
nghip nc ta c nhiu thun li pht trin ngnh cng nghip ny. Trong
qu trnh tnh ton tc gi cha cp n tnh kinh t ca ti do nhiu l do
Trang 87
GVHD: L Xun Hi
hn ch v kh nng v thi gian thc hin nn cha a vic tnh ton mang
tnh hc thut gn vi thc t c.
Vic xy dng ng cn bng cho zeolite 4A thc hin qu trnh tnh
ton cha c nn trong qu trnh thc hin cn c mt s qu trnh tnh cha
c chnh xc.
Tc gi cha kt hp tnh ton thit k vi iu khin qu trnh trong
ti.
Trang 88
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 89
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 90
GVHD: L Xun Hi
Trang 91