Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GS.TS.NGND.Nguyn Th M
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TNH HUNG 1:
ng A vit tay mt t giy c ni dung nh sau: ti ng cho ng B vay 2000USD trong vng 1 nm k t hm nay 01/02/2007. Ngy 02/02/2008 sau 1 nm cho vay, ng A i ng B 2000USD nhng ng B khng gi. --> Tranh chp pht sinh
B LUT DN S
Nm 1995 Trong trng hp vay khng c li, khi n hn bn vay khng tr n hoc khng tr th bn vay tr li i vi khon chm chp theo li xut ca Ngn hng theo li xut chm chp. Nhng im khc gia cc b lut cc nm v A s c g nu xt cc b lut cc nm?
TNH HUNG 2
Cng ty X gi n t hng t mua 1000 t h s bng g n cng ty Y. Cng ty Y chuyn hng v ha n yu cu cng ty X thanh ton. Ngoi vic nu r s lng, cng ty Y nu r nu cng ty X khng thanh ton trong 30 ngy th cng ty X phi thanh ton tin li 18%/1 nm i vi s tin cn thiu. Do tranh chp pht sinh. y l loi hp ng no? Tr li n t hng bng hnh vi chuyn hng c phi l chp nhn k hp ng hay khng?
CU
HI TIP
Cng ty X c phi tr tin li 18% khng? p dng vn bn php lut no gii quyt tranh chp? Gii quyt nh th no
TNH HUNG 3
Mt doanh nghip VN k hp ng nhp khu bng fax vi ngi bn nc ngoi. Hp ng bao gm ni dung y . Ngi mua m L/C, nhng nhn hng km cht lng nn ngi mua yu cu tr gi nhng ngi bn khng c hi m. c a ra ta nhng ngi bn phn bc l hp ng khng phi ca mnh v b ngi khc gi mo. L do ngi bn a ra c thc t khng? Ngi th 3 v ngi trung gian ng vai tr g? Lm th no bo v quyn li ngi mua
TNH HUNG 4
Mt Ngn hng X Tokyo pht hnh 1 L/C v gi n cho Ngn hng Y London. Tuy nhin c s c xy ra l ch k trong L/C l ch k gi nhng Ngn hng Y khng pht hin ra. V khng pht hin c nn Ngn hng Y tr tin cho ngi hng li. Sau li yu cu Ngn hng X hon tr li tin nhng X pht hin ra l ch k gi nn khng chu hon li tin. Tranh chp pht sinh.
C IM
CA H TMQT
-Mang tt c c im ca hp ng TM :
> Ch th l cc thng nhn; > Mc ch : Sinh li > Phn loi : MB HH, cung ng DV, CGCN, T.
-C yu t quc t : > Ch th : c tr s TM cc nc khc nhau, > i tng ca H : c th c chuyn qua bin gii, > ng tin TT : L ngoi t t nht l vi 1 bn, > Ni dung : a dng, phong ph, >Ngn ng son tho hp ng : = ting NN, > C quan G/Q T/C c th l TA, TT NN, > Lut iu chnh rt phc tp
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HOAT NG TM
iu 3.1 Lut TM nm 2005: Hot ng TM l H nhm mc ch sinh li, bao gm mua bn hng ha, cung ng dch v, u t, xc tin thng mi v cc hot ng nhm mc ch sinh li khac
iu 5.2 Lut TM nm 1997
-Theo cch hiu ca Php lnh hp ng Kinh t nm 1989 ( ht hiu lc t ngy 1/1/2006, ngy Lut Thng mi nm 2005 c hiu lc ) : L hp ng c k kt gia php nhn vi PN, PN vi c nhn c ng k KD nhm mc ch sinh li - Theo cch hiu ny :Hp ng kinh t l sn phm ca thi k bao cp, l ch nh gn lin vi PL HKT 1989. n nay, n c thay bng khi nim hp ng kinh doanh = hp ng thng mi = hp ng KD - TM -S phn bit gia hp ng KD, hp ng TM vi hp ng kinh t ch mang tnh tng i -Ngy nay : L hp ng KD - TM
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2.C IM
CA H TMQT
-Mang tt c c im ca hp ng TM :
> Ch th l cc thng nhn; > Mc ch : Sinh li > Phn loi : MB HH, cung ng DV, CGCN, T.
-C yu t quc t : > Ch th : c tr s TM cc nc khc nhau, > i tng ca H : c th c chuyn qua bin gii, > ng tin TT : L ngoi t t nht l vi 1 bn, > Ni dung : a dng, phong ph, >Ngn ng son tho hp ng : = ting NN, > C quan G/Q T/C c th l TA, TT NN, > Lut iu chnh rt phc tp
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A.
HP NG MUA BN HHQT L G?
- Theo quan im ca Vit Nam : mua bn HHQT gm xut khu, nhp khu, tm nhp ti xut, tm xut ti nhp v chuyn khu. (iu 27 LTM 2005 )
Xut khu hng ho l vic hng ho c a ra khi lnh th Vit Nam hoc a vo khu vc c bit nm trn lnh th Vit Nam c coi l khu vc hi quan ring theo quy nh ca php lut (iu 28 khon 1). Nhp khu hng ho l vic hng ho c a vo lnh th Vit Nam t nc ngoi hoc t khu vc c bit nm trn lnh th Vit Nam c coi l khu vc hi quan ring theo quy nh ca php lut (iu 28 khon 2). 18
THEO QUAN IM CA VN
C IM CA HP NG MB HHQT
- V ch th - V i tng ca hp ng - V ng tin thanh ton - V ngn ng ca hp ng - V c quan gii quyt tranh chp - V lut iu chnh hp ng (lut p dng cho hp ng)
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II.K NNG K KT
1.
2.
Ngh thut m phn v nhng vn php l cn ch khi m phn v hp ng MBHH QT Hng dn k nng son tho mt s iu khon c th ca hp ng MBHH QT.
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V D:
Cc v d
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LUT MUA BN HNG HA NM 1979 CA ANH iu 4 (1): Cn c theo Lut ny, hoc lut khc no , hp ng Mbn HH c th c k kt bng vn bn (c ng du hoc khng c ng du xc nhn), hoc c tha thun ming, hoc mt phn hp ng k bng vn bn, mt phn tho thun ming hoc c th c suy on (ng ) cn c vo hnh vi ca cc bn tham gia hp ng.
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LUT TM 2005
MB HH QT phi c thc hin trn c s hp ng bng vn bn hoc bng hnh thc khc c gi tr php l tng ng
( .27.2 L TM 2005 )
Cc hnh thc c gi tr tng ng V/B bao gm in bo, telex,fax,thng ip d liu v cc hnh thc khc theo quy nh ca php lut.
( .3.15 L. TM 2005 )
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LU
-Lu v ngh v chp nhn ngh k hp ng: >Lut cc nc khc nhau quy nh khng ging nhau >Cn phi nm vng quy nh ca lut VN tun th.
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NI DUNG CA HP NG
>Nhng HH thuc s qun l chuyn ngnh th phi c GP > Lut TM VN khng a ra nhng iu khon ch yu ca hp ng >D ri vo ri ro.
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IU KHON CH YU CA HP NG
Lut TM nm 1997: c 6 iu khon ch yu; Lut TM nm 2005: Khng quy nh; B lut DS nm 2005: C th tha thun 8 ni dung:
1. i tng l HH hoc cng vic phi lm ( dch v ) 2. SL,CL 3. Gi, PT thanh ton 4. T/h, a im,PT thc hin hp ng 5. Quyn, ngha v ca cc bn 6. Trch nhim do vi phm hp ng 7. Pht vi phm hp ng 8. Cc ni dung khc.
Ri ro tim n?
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IU KHON CH YU CA HP NG
NM VNG NHNG VN PHP L V HP NG MUA BN HNG HA QUC T -Mt s qui nh mi ca Lut TM nm 2005 l/q n MB HH QT
>Giy chng nhn xut x hng ha: Hng ha XNK phi c giy chng nhn XX trong cc trng hp sau ay: -Hng ha c hng cc u i v thu hoc u i khc; -Theo qui nh ca Php lut VN hoc QT m VN l TV >Nhn hng ha lt trong nc v HH XNK - H H lu thng trong nc v H H XNK phi c nhn hng ha, tr mt s trng hp nht nh. - Nhn HH l bn vit, bn in, bn v, bn chp ca ch, hnh v, hnh nh c dn,in,nh, c, chm,khc trc tip trn hng ha, bao b thng phm ca HH hoc trn cc cht liu khc c gn ln hng ha, bao b thng phm ca hng ha. (.32 Luat TM VN 2005). 34 >Nu khng tun th, c th s ri vo ri ro
S ch theo di ca cc qu v
GS. TS. NGND Nguyn Th M Mobile: 090.345.2906
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