Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MC LC...........................................................................................................1
C S L THUYT..........................................................................................5
1.1. C s l thuyt vi iu khin PIC16F877A.............................................5
1.1.1. S chn vi iu khin PIC 16F877A............................................5
1.1.2. Thng s k thut vi iu khin PIC 16F877A.................................5
1.1.3. T chc b nh.................................................................................7
1.1.4. Cc cng xut nhp ca PIC16F877A...............................................8
1.1.5. Ngt (Interrupt)...............................................................................10
1.1.6. B m v b nh thi...................................................................12
1.1.7. B chuyn i ADC........................................................................16
1.2. L thuyt v SIM900..............................................................................18
1.2.3. S chn.......................................................................................22
1.2.4. Tp lnh AT cho SIM900 ng dng cho GSM................................25
1.3. Cm bin khong cch SRF05................................................................34
CHNG II......................................................................................................38
THIT K H THNG....................................................................................38
2.1. Thit k phn cng.................................................................................38
2.1.1. S khi h thng.........................................................................38
2.1.2. S m t h thng.......................................................................39
2.1.3. S nguyn l in t...................................................................40
2.2. Thit k phn mm.................................................................................43
2.2.1. Lu chng trnh iu khin .....................................................43
2.2.2. Lu thut ton iu khin trn my tnh.....................................46
CHNG III.....................................................................................................48
KT QU T C....................................................................................48
3.1. Sn phm................................................................................................48
3.2. Kt lun v hng pht trin..................................................................49
DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 1.1 S chn v hnh nh thc t PIC 16F877A......................................5
Hnh 1.2 S khi vi iu khin PIC16F877A.................................................7
Hinh 1.3 S logic tt c cc ngt ca vi iu khin PIC16F877A................10
Hnh 1.4 S khi ca Timer0........................................................................12
Hnh 1.5 S khi ca Timer1........................................................................14
Hnh 1.6 S khi ca Timer2........................................................................15
Hnh 1.7 S khi b chuyn i ADC..........................................................17
Hnh 1.8. Hnh nh Sim 900..............................................................................18
Hnh 1.9. S chn SIM900...........................................................................18
Hnh 1.10. S chn ca SIM900...................................................................22
Hnh 1.11. Hnh nh SRF05..............................................................................35
Hnh 1.12. Chn ca module SRF05.................................................................35
Hnh 1.13. Gin xung ch 1 ca SRF05..................................................36
Hnh 1.14. Ch 2...........................................................................................37
Hnh 2.1. S khi h thng...........................................................................38
Hnh 2.2. M t h thng...................................................................................39
Hnh 2.3. Module control...................................................................................40
Hnh 2.4. Module sensor....................................................................................41
Hnh 2.5. Module SIM.......................................................................................42
Hnh 2.6. Khi ngun........................................................................................43
Hnh 2.7. Lu thut ton iu khin ............................................................44
Hnh 2.8. Thut ton trn my tnh....................................................................46
Hnh 3.1. Hnh nh t d ng.....................................................................48
Hnh 3.2. Hnh nh v bn trn my tnh......................................................49
DANH MC BNG
Bng 1.1. M t tnh nng ca SIM900.............................................................20
Bng 1.2. Bng m t cc loi m ha...............................................................20
Bng 1.3. Cc ch hot ng ca SIM900....................................................21
Bng 1.4. Cc thit lp cho cuc gi.................................................................25
Bng 1.5. Chi tit cc lnh thit lp v ci t cuc gi.....................................28
Bng 1.6. Lnh thit lp v ci t cho tin nhn SMS.......................................29
Bng 1.7. Chi tit cc lnh thit lp v ci t tin nhn SMS............................32
Bng 1.8. Cc lnh c bit dnh cho SIM900..................................................32
Bng 1.9. Chi tit cc lnh c bit dnh cho SIM900......................................33
Bng 1.10. Cc thng bo li CME...................................................................34
Bng 1.11. Cc thng bo li CMS...................................................................34
CHNG I
C S L THUYT
1.1. C s l thuyt vi iu khin PIC16F877A.
1.1.1. S chn vi iu khin PIC 16F877A.
tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA. Thao tc ny hon ton tng t i
vi cc PORT cn li. Bn cnh Port A cn l ng vo ca b ADC, b so snh,
ng vo analog, ng vo xung clock ca Timer0 v ng vo ca b giao tip MSSP
(Master Synchronous Serial Port).
Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n Port A bao gm:
-
Port A (a ch 05h)
TRISA (a ch 85h)
CMCON (a ch 9Ch)
CVRCON (a ch 9Dh)
ADCON1 (a ch 9Fh)
Port B
Port B (RPB) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l
TRISB. Bn cnh mt s chn ca Port B cn c s dng trong qu trnh np
chng trnh cho vi iu khin vi cc ch np khc nhau. Port B cn lin quan
n ngt ngoi vi v b Timer0. Port B cn c tch hp chc nng in tr ko ln
c iu khin bi chng trnh.
Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n Port B bao gm:
-
Port B (a ch 06h,106h)
TRISB (a ch 86h,186h)
Port C
PortC (RPC) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l
TRISC. Bn cnh Port C cn cha cc chn chc nng ca b so snh, b Timer1,
b PWM v cc chun giao tip ni tip I2C, SPI, SSP, USART.
Cc thanh ghi iu khin lin quan n Port C:
-
Port C (a ch 07h)
TRISC (a ch 87h)
Port D
Port D (RPD) gm 8 chn I/O, thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l
TRISD. Port D cn l cng xut d liu ca chun giao tip PSP (Parallel Slave Port).
9
- Thanh ghi TRISE : iu khin xut nhp Port E v chun giao tip PSP.
Port E
Port E (RPE) gm 3 chn I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l
TRISE. Cc chn ca PortE c ng vo analog. Bn cnh Port E cn l cc chn
iu khin ca chun giao tip PSP.
Cc thanh ghi lin quan n Port E bao gm:
- Port E
- TRISE
: iu khin xut nhp v xc lp cc thng s cho chun giao
tip PSP.
- ADCON1 : thanh ghi iu khin khi ADC.
10
INTCON, thanh ghi ny cn cha bit cho php cc ngt ngoi vi PEIE. Bit iu khin
cc ngt nm trong thanh ghi PIE1 v PIE2. C ngt ca cc ngt nm trong thanh
ghi PIR1 v PIR2.
Trong mt thi im ch c mt chng trnh ngt c thc thi, chng trnh
ngt c kt thc bng lnh RETFIE. Khi chng trnh ngt c thc thi, bit GIE
t ng c xa, a ch lnh tip theo ca chng trnh chnh c ct vo trong b
nh Stack v b m chng trnh s ch n a ch 0004h. Lnh RETFIE c
dng thot khi chng trnh ngt v quay tr v chng trnh chnh, ng thi bit
GIE cng s c set cho php cc ngt hot ng tr li. Cc c hiu c dng
kim tra ngt no ang xy ra v phi c xa bng chng trnh trc khi cho
php ngt tip tc hot ng tr li ta c th pht hin c thi im tip theo m
ngt xy ra.
i vi cc ngt ngoi vi nh ngt t chn INT hay ngt t s thay i trng
thi cc pin ca PORTB (PORTB Interrupt on change), vic xc nh ngt no xy ra
cn 3 hoc 4 chu k lnh ty thuc vo thi im xy ra ngt.
Cn ch l trong qu trnh thc thi ngt, ch c gi tr ca b m chng
trnh c ct vo trong Stack, trong khi mt s thanh ghi quan trng s khng c
ct v c th b thay i gi tr trong qu trnh thc thi chng trnh ngt. iu ny
nn c x l bng chng trnh trnh hin tng trn xy ra.
Ngt INT
Ngt ny da trn s thay i trng thi ca pin RB0/INT. Cnh tc ng gy ra
ngt c th l cnh ln hay cnh xung v c iu khin bi bit INTEDG (thanh
ghi OPTION_ REG <6>). Khi c cnh tc ng thch hp xut hin ti pin RB0/INT,
c ngt INTF c set bt chp trng thi cc bit iu khin GIE v PEIE. Ngt ny
c kh nng nh thc vi iu khin t ch sleep nu bit cho php ngt c set
trc khi lnh SLEEP c thc thi.
Ngt do s thay t trng thi cc PIN trong Port B
Cc pin PORTB<7:4> c dng cho ngt ny v c iu khin bi bit RBIE
(thanh ghi INTCON<4>). C ngt ca ngt ny l bit RBIF (INTCON<0>).
11
1.1.6. B m v b nh thi.
Timer0
INTCON (a ch 0Bh, 8Bh, 10Bh, 18Bh): cho php ngt hot ng (GIE v
PEIE).
Timer1
Timer1 l b nh thi 16 bit, gi tr ca Timer1 s c lu trong hai thanh ghi
(TMR1H:TMR1L). C ngt ca Timer1 l bit TMR1IF (PIR1<0>). Bit iu khin
ca Timer1 s l TMR1IE (PIE<0>).
Tng t nh Timer0, Timer1 cng c hai ch hot ng: ch nh thi
(timer) vi xung kch l xung clock ca oscillator (tn s ca timer bng tn s ca
oscillator) v ch m (counter) vi xung kch l xung phn nh cc s kin cn
m ly t bn ngoi thng qua chn RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI (cnh tc ng l cnh
ln). Vic la chn xung tc ng (tng ng vi vic la chn ch hot ng l
timer hay counter) c iu khin bi bit TMR1CS (T1CON<1>). Sau y l s
khi ca Timer1:
13
INTCON
PIR1 (a ch 0Ch)
PIE1( a ch 8Ch)
TMR1L (a ch 0Eh)
14
TMR1H (a ch 0Eh)
T1CON (a ch 10h)
Timer2
- PIE1 (a ch 8Ch)
- TMR2 (a ch 11h)
: cha gi tr m ca Timer2.
- T2CON (a ch 12h)
16
INTCON (a ch 0Bh, 8Bh, 10Bh, 18Bh): cho php cc ngt (cc bit GIE,
PEIE).
17
18
M t thc thi
Ngun cung cp
S dng in p t 3.4. n 4.5V
Ngun tit kim
S dng in hnh ch ng vi dng 1.5mA
Cc di tn hot
GSM850, EGSM900, DCS1800, PCS1900 c th tm
ng
thy cc di tn mt cch t ng. Cc di tn c th
c thit lp bi cu lnh AT.
Tng thch vi pha GSM 2/2+
Lp GMS
Cng sut truyn ti
Kt ni GPRS
Di nhit
D liu GPRS
CSD
SMS
FAX
Giao tip SIM
An-ten ngoi
Tnh nng Audio
MS nh
Lp 4(2W) GSM850 v EGSM 900
Lp 1(1W) DCS 1800 v PCS 1900
GPRS nhiu khe mc nh trong lp 10
GPRS nhiu khe ty chn lp 8
GPRS trm di ng lp B
Hot ng bnh thng -30 n 80 C
Hot ng hn ch -40 n 30 v 80 n 85 C
Nhit lu tr l -45 n 90 C
Truyn d liu xung ln nht l 85.6 kbps
Truyn d liu ln ln nht 42.8 kbps
M ha chng trnh CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 v CS-4
SIM900 h tr cc giao thc PAP( Giao thc xc nhn
mt m) thng c s dng trong cc kt ni PPP.
SIM900 c tch hp giao thc TCP/IP
Cung cp gi chuyn mch knh iu khin qung
b(PBCCH).
Cc tc truyn CSD: 2.4, 4.8, 9.6, 14.4 kbps, khng
trong sut
H tr dch v d liu b xung phi cu trc
MODULE, MO, CB, Text v ch PDU
Lu tr SMS: th SIM
Nhm 1 lp 3
Cung cp th SIM : 1.8, 3V.
B m An-ten
Cc ch m ha ting ni:
Mt na tc (ETS 06.20)
Tc y (ETS 06.11)
Nng cao tc y (ETS06.50/ 06.60/06.80)
a tc thch nghi(AMR)
Trit ting di
Trit nhiu
19
20
1.2.2. Cc ch hot ng
Ch
GSM/GPRS
SLEEP
Chc nng
Ch ng GSM/GPRS : Module s t ng tr v ch
ng, trong iu kin ch ng c kch hot v
khng c khng kh v ngt phn cng( nh ngt GPIO
v d liu trn cng ni tip). Trong cc iu kin ny
dng in cung cp s l thp nht. Trong ch ng,
module vn c th nhn gi d liu v SMS.
GSM IDLE
Phn mm c hiu ha. Module c ng k ti mng
GSM v cc module sn sng kt ni.
GSM TALK
Kt ni gia hai thu bao trong tin trnh. Trong trng hp
ny cng sut tiu th c lp trn mng thit lp nh DTX
on/off FR/EFR/HR, nhy chui, an-ten.
GPRS STANDBY Module sn sng cho module truyn d liu GPRS, d khng
c d liu trn dng gi v nhn. Trong trng hp ny, cng
sut tiu th trn mng c thit lp v cu hnh GPRS.
GPRS DATA
C d liu truyn GPRS(PPP hoc TCP v UDP) trong tin
trnh. Trong iu kin ny, cng sut tiu th lien quan ti thit
lp mng. Tc d liu ln, xung v cu hnh GPRS.
Cng sut xung
Bnh thng cng sut xung c gi bi lnh AT l
AT+CPOWD=1 hoc s dng PWRKEY. n v qun l
cng sut thc hin bt v tt module. Phn mm c kch
hot khi c kt ni ti ngun pin v cng ni tip
Ch chc nng Lnh AT AT+CFUN c s ng thit lp cho module
nh nht
cung cp ngun thp nht. Trong ch ny phn RF v SIM
card s khng truy nhp c. Cng ni tip vn truy nhp
c.
Bng 1.3. Cc ch hot ng ca SIM900
21
1.2.3. S chn
22
23
24
Tr li mt cuc gi n.
i trc mt s in thoi thc hin cuc gi.
Thc hin cuc gi n s in thoi lu trong b nh.
Thc hin cuc gi n s lu v c tn <str>.
Gi s va gi gn nht.
Ngt kt ni ang thc hin.
Hin th thng tin v module SIM900
Ci t ln ca loa.
Chuyn t ch nhn lnh sang ch nhn d liu.
La chn kiu chung.
Thc hin lnh ny trc khi ci t li cc thng s ca
module.
Thit lp cc thng s ci t l cc thng s mc nh.
Hin th cu hnh ci t cho module.
Chuyn t ch d liu v kt ni mng GPRS v ch
lnh.
Bng 1.4. Cc thit lp cho cuc gi
ATD[<n>][<msgm>][;]
ATD<mem><n>[<I>][<G>]
[;]
ATD><n>[<I>][<G>][;]
ATD><str>[<I>][<G>][;]
ATDL
S my ang bn:
BUSY
Khng kt ni hoc b t chi :
NO CARRIER
Kt ni thnh cng v cuc gi c thc hin:
OK
Cc tham s:
<n>: Mt s nguyn l v tr b nh c th s
dng.
<msgm>:
I Khng hin th s ngi gi
i Hin th s ngi gi
G Kch hot ch gi ni b
g Hy ch gi ni b.
<;>: Kt thc v thc hin cuc gi
Lnh thc hin cuc gi n s lu trong danh
b c tn <str>.
Lnh ny c th hy b bng vic nhn 1 lnh
ATH hoc 1 k t khi lnh ang thc thi.
Module b li. MODULE gi tr:
+CME ERROR:<err>
Nu khng chung. MODULE gi tr:
NO DIALTONE
S my ang bn:
BUSY
Khng kt ni hoc b t chi :
NO CARRIER
Kt ni thnh cng v cuc gi c thc hin:
OK
Cc tham s:
<str>: Chui k t abc123 lu torng dnh b.
<msgm>:
I Khng hin th s ngi gi.
i Hin th s ngi gi
G Kch hot ch gi ni b
g Hy ch gi ni b.
<;>: Kt thc v thc hin cuc gi.
Thc hin cuc gi n s va gi gn nht.
Lnh ny c th hy b bng vic nhn 1 lnh
ATH hoc 1 k t khi lnh ang thc thi.
Module b li. MODULE gi tr:
+CME ERROR:<err>
Nu khng chung. MODULE gi tr:
NO DIALTONE
S my ang bn:
BUSY
27
ATH0
ATI
ATL[value]
ATM[value]
+++
ATO[n]
28
AT+CMGF=[<mode>]
AT+CMGL=[<stat>]
2
3
4
AT+CMGS = <da>
[,<toda>]
<CR>ni dung tin nhn
<ctr-Z/ESC>
+ CMODULEI: <mem>,<index>
2 Gi thng bo c nh dng:
+ CMODULE: <oa>, [<alpha>],<scts>
[,<tooa>,<fo>,<pid>,<dcs>,<sca>,<tosca>,<length>]
<data>.
Bng 1.7. Chi tit cc lnh thit lp v ci t tin nhn SMS
ALARM RING
1 Tt ngun bo thc. Gi ALARM
RING v ngng bo thc sau 5s.
2 Bt ngun bo thc. Gi ALARM
MODE v tr v ch bo thc.
Lnh c ADC.
Lnh thc hin thnh cng, MODULE gi tr:
+ CADC: < status>,<value>
OK
Tham s:
<status>
1 c thnh cng.
0 Li khi c ADC.
<value>
S nguyn t 0-2400.
Lnh cho bit sim c gn vo sim hay cha.
Lnh thc hin thnh cng,MODULE gi tr:
+CSMINS:<n>,<SIM inserted>
Tham s:
<n>
0 Khng cho php gn sim.
1 Cho php.
<SIM inserted>
0 Sim cha c gn vo .
1 Sim c gn.
AT+ CADC?
AT+CSMINS?
AT+CMGDA=<type>
Xa tt c cc tin nhn.
Lnh thc hin thnh cng, MODULE gi tr:
OK
Lnh thc hin khng thnh cng:
+CMS ERROR: NUM
Tham s:
<type> DEL READ
xa cc tin nhn c.
DEL UNREAD xa tin nhn cha c.
DEL SENT
xa cc tin nhn gi.
DEL UNSENT xa cc tin nhn cha gi.
DEL INBOX xa cc tin nhn nhn c.
DEL ALL
xa tt c cc tin nhn.
e. Cc thng bo li.
Thng bo li c dng: +CME ERROR: <err>
Mt s li thng gp:
<err>
0
1
ngha
Module b li,khng th kt ni vi mng.
Khng kt ni mng.
33
3
4
10
13
14
15
16
20
22
23
24
30
32
100
107
744
746
770
772
ngha
Module b li.
Module khng hot ng.
Khng c h tr.
Cha gn sim.
Sim b li.
Sim bn.
Sim gn sai.
B nh b li,khng hot ng.
Khng c mng.
Sim cha sn sng.
Khng nhn ra sim.
Bng 1.11. Cc thng bo li CMS
34
35
36
Hnh 1.14. Ch 2
37
CHNG II
THIT K H THNG
2.1. Thit k phn cng
2.1.1. S khi h thng
38
2.1.2. S m t h thng
39
2.1.3. S nguyn l in t
a. Module control
40
b. Module sensor
41
c. Module SIM
42
d. Khi ngun
BEGIN
RETI
Khi c ngt n th tin hnh lu lnh ang thc hin v bt c bo nhn
c lnh sau kt thc chng trnh ngt quay v chng trnh chnh. Sau tip
tc ch ngt, nu c ngt li quay tr li chng trnh ngt.
43
Cau hinh SIM900 ket noi GPRS den server, ngat nhan lenh tu server,
lenh tien bat co bao da nhan duoc lenh, chu ky truyen ve = 1s
no
dung xe, gui thong so khoang cach truoc, trai, phai, nhiet do ve server,
ngung dem thoi gian
no
lenh tien?
yes
xe di tien,
bat dau dem thoi gian
no
lenh dung?
no
lenh re trai?
yes
dung xe,
bat dau dem thoi gian
no
lenh re phai?
yes
yes
xe re trai 90*,
xe di tien,
bat dau dem thoi gian
xe re phai 90*,
xe di tien,
bat dau dem thoi gian
no
yes
gui thong so khoang cach truoc, trai, phai, nhiet do ve server,
reset bo dem thoi gian
44
no
45
46
M t lu :
Bt u khi chy chng trnh, khi nhn nt open th tin hnh kt ni Socket v
m cng kt ni trn mng v ch client l robot kt ni ti n. Khi c kt ni t
client th tin hnh to ra hai thread gi v nhn song song c lp vi nhau. Nu
cha c kt ni t client th tip tc ch.
Sau khi c kt ni t client ri th tin hnh vic nhn v gi d liu thng qua
hai thread gi v nhn c m t nh sau:
Vi Thread nhn: To ra b m nhn vi 1024 byte cha d liu trong b
m nhn, sau to ra mt i tng v bn l drawPanel, khi c d liu tin
hnh nhn d liu v chuyn i sang dng chui. Sau tin hnh tch chui thnh
cc gi tr khong cch v nhit t ng ng v v bn sau quay li to b
m nhn v tip tc nhn d liu t client.
Vi Thread truyn: Lng nghe s kin khi nhn mt trong cc nt sau tri, phi,
tin li, dng th kim tra trng thi s kin nt nhn cui cng th gi lnh tng
ng ti client l tin, li, quay tri hoc quay phi v dng. Nu khng th quay tr
li chng trnh kim tra nt nhn.
47
CHNG III
KT QU T C
3.1. Sn phm
Sn phm sau khi hon thnh p ng c yu cu ra.
48
49