You are on page 1of 4

http://sokhcn.angiang.gov.vn/wps/portal/!ut/p/c4/04_SB8K8xLLM9MSSzPy8xBz9CP0os3j3oBBLczdTEw N3DwsLA08jc0Njd18PI2NXQ_2CbEdFAHgZ0vc!/?

WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/sokhcn/ siteofsokhcn/tapchikhcn/2009/200903/20090312
Gii thiu cng ngh cch ly tinh du sn xut hng liu (10/03/2011)

Trch ly tinh du sn xut hng liu l mt ngnh cng nghip, ngha l c vng nguyn liu, c cc k thut ch bin, v c cc phn on th trng ngi sn xut nguyn liu v nh ch bin sn phm mang hng ra bn. Nguyn liu cho ngnh trch ly tinh du bao gm nhiu loi cy c, t cy gi bu cho trm hng cao qu cho ti rau hng cho mi hng nhu trong cc ba n, t cc a hoa tinh khit n cc thn g, c, r, thm ch c rm r cho mi thm ng qu trn mi tc thiu n. Ngy nay th trng hng liu pht trin rt mnh v kh n nh trong khong 11%, p ng yu cu gia v thc phm, tinh cht dc liu, mi thm c trng ca cc loi nc hoa, m phm v cht ty ra, v c nhu cu cho mt s ngnh cng ngh cao. An Giang, s thnh cng ca k ngh hng liu da trn mi tri tht nt s dn ti nt ring (thng hiu) cho cc mt hng nng sn, thc phm v m ngh s dng mi hng. Trn th trng, hng thm ngt ngo BF6 ny nay c s dng trong cc nh hng n ung v nhiu phng khch sn ng Nam to nn hng phn cho cc bn tr v c ngi gi. C nhiu k thut trch ly tinh du ph hp vi loi hnh nguyn liu v tiu chun th trng, t vic chng ct n gin m cc nh vn tn thu tinh th bn cho nh my tinh ch, n cc c s cng

nghip s dng cng ngh dung mi khai thc nhiu ngun nguyn liu m vn cho ra sn phm n

nh. Bn phng php trch ly tinh du chnh hin nay l chng ct (distillation) ch yu i vi loi l nh trm, p ngui (cold press) vi cc loi v tri cy nh chanh, chit xut dung mi (solvent extraction) vi cc loi hoa nh li, v chit xut kh carbonic (CO2 extraction) cho cc tinh du tinh khit c gi tr cao. Nguyn l chng ct s dng sc nng ca nc lm v t bo thc vt phng thch tinh du. Cc ht du li ti rt d bay hi i theo hi nc n ni lm lnh c ngng t. du nh ni ln trn mt em i tinh ch thnh hng thng phm, du nng v hot cht c ch khc nm li trong nc to thnh nc thm (floral water) dng trong m phm v cht ty ra. Trn thc t c 3 cch chng ct: Chng kh i vi th g xay mn ch dng

mang

ht

tinh du ra ngoi nh trng hp eugenol sn xut va-ni tng hp. Cch chng ct c truyn nhng trn nguyn liu vo nc. Phng php ph bin nht hin nay ch c phn ct vi vic hi nc bm thng vo khay nguyn liu v thot ra mang theo tinh du. Cch ny cho php sn xut phn on cc mc nhit khc nhau to ra kh nhiu sn phm c o t cng mt khay nguyn liu. u im ca k thut chng ct l n gin, kinh t, c th t ngay ti ni trang tri v s dng cht t chnh l b thi. K thut ny rt c a chung v trang b gn nh, nhiu b bn sn, trong khi c th p dng cho hu ht cc th nguyn liu, t cy dc liu nh l trm, xng b, cc cy gia v nh gng v ng, v c cc loi hoa qu nh hoa hng, hoa ngc lan ty v hoa cam neroli. Trong k thut p ngui ngi ta cho tri ln trn mt bn chng gm nhng chic kim li ti lm v cc hch phng thch tinh du em i tinh ch. Phng php ny p dng cho cc hng chanh sn xut t tri cc loi cam, qut, chanh, bi song song vi vic sn xut cc loi nc p tri cy. Trong phng php chit xut dung mi, ngi ta ra i ra li nhiu khay nguyn liu, ch yu l cc cnh hoa mi hi rt thm, bng th dung mi nh hexane c kh nng ha tan tinh du v cc cht bo. Mt khi dung mi no mi ngha l khng cn kh nng ha tan thm na th kt thnh mt th nha thm gi l concrete gm cc oleoresin.

Ngi ta trch ly ly tinh tinh du gi l absolute bng cch pha vo concrete mt lng cn thch hp, ri hm nng, quy u cho n khi tinh du tan ht vo ru v phn ly ra khi b nha nm pha di y. cho ru thm bc hi ht cn chng ta c th tinh du m c tc loi absolute thng phm. K thut chit kh carbonic ch mi pht trin nhng c a chung. Cc nh my mi v nhiu nh my c chuyn qua trang b dy chuyn loi ny do bi hiu sut trch ly rt cao v sn phm hon ton tinh khit. K thut ny dng p sut nn tht cao chuyn CO2 dng kh thnh CO2 dng lng vn l dung mi rt mnh kh d ha tan ht cc tinh du. Khi gim p sut n mc bnh thng CO 2 tr li dng kh bay ln, phng thch tinh du thun khit dng lng m c.

Hin nay c hai loi trang b chit xut bng kh, loi th nht nhit thp 35-55oF v p sut thp khong 1.000psi, loi th hai thang nhit cao hn ng thi p sut ln ti 8.000psi. Mi hng tht nt c sn xut bng loi trang b th nht theo loi tr mi g v c v kht thng gp khi dng phng php chng ct ph thng. Chng ct tinh du sn xut hng liu l ngh trin vng. Tuy nhin vic trin khai ban u khng t ng ngng nu khng c sn k s. Cc ngi quan tm c th nh n Hip hi Hng liu M phm Vit Nam, cc trung tm ng dng cng ngh, truy cp cha kha extraction of essential oils, hoc vit th cho tc gi theo a ch hoangxpag@hotmail.com .

GHI CH HNH NH: H1- C s chng ct tinh du trm. H2- S chng ct bng nc. H3- S chng ct bng nc+hi. H4- S chng ct bng hi nc.

Hong Xun Phng

You might also like