Bai Giang

Bii giing MiicroSttattiion v Famiis CeLEM 2008 B g ng M croS a on v Fam s CeLEM 2008
1. Nhng nt c bn v MicroStation 1.1. Lm vic vi file v level a. M file di dng Reference File - Bc 1: T thanh Menu chn File\ Reference\Tools\Attach - Bc 2: Chn th mc v tn file cn m, bm OK. (Display: Hin th file; Snap: S dng ch bt im vi cc i tng trong file tham kho; Locate: S dng xem thong tin hoc copy cc i tng trong file tham kho)
Hnh 1: M file tham kho ng Reference trong hp thoi trn, chn file cn ng, chn Tools\Detach. b. Cch nn file v ghi li file d phng Cch nn file Khi xo i tng trong Dessign file, i tng khng b xo hn m ch c nh du l xo i tng. Ch sau khi nn file th cc i tng c xo mi c loi b hn khi b nh. Qu trnh nn file s lm cho dung lng ca nh hn. T thanh menu chn File\Compress Design. Cch lu tr di dng mt file d phng (save as, back up)
Phm Gia Tng Khoa Ti nguyn t & Mi trng nng nghip Trng i hc Nng lm Hu
MicroStation t ng ghi li d liu sau mi ln thay i file active. V vy ngi s dng khng cn ghi li d liu sau mi ln ng file active hoc thot khi MicroStation. Tuy nhin phng cc trng hp bt trc, ngi s dng nn ghi li file d liu di dng mt File d phng bng cch thay i tn file hoc phn m rng ca file. Cch 1: T thanh Menu chn File\chn Save as. 1. Ghi li file bng cch thay i tn file nhng gi nguyn phn m rng l DGN. 2. Chn th mc cha file (c th ct trong th mc c) bng cch nhp i vo cc hp th mc bn hp danh sch cc th mc. Cch 2: T ca s lnh ca MicroStation nh lnh Backup sau bm Enter trn bn phm. MicroStation s ghi li file active thnh mt file c phn m rng l (.bak), Tn file v th mc cha file gi nguyn. c. Cch trn cc file vi nhau Gi s chng ta c hai file ring bit cha cc i tng khc nhau. Trong qu trnh tc nghip, chng ta mun s dng d liu ca hai file trn cng mt file th chng ta cn phi trn hai file . Cch trn hai file c 2 cch. Cch 1: Khi cha lm vic vi file no trong Microstation - Bc 1: Khi ng Microstation, chn File\Merge Xut hin hp thoi Merge file - Bc 2: Trong hp thoi File to Merge, bm Select chn cc file cn trn vi nhau. - Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Merge Into chn file cha kt qu trn vi nhau. - Bc 4: Chn Merge kt thc cng vic
Cch 2: Khi ang lm vic vi mt file ca Microstation. - T File\Close, xut hin hp thoi Microstation Manager, thc hin tip cc bc nh cch 1.
Hnh 2: Trn cc file vi nhau c. Chn Active Level Trong qu trnh lm vic vi Microstation, lun lun c mt level trng thi hot ng. Khi chuyn trng thi hot ng t level ny sang level khc th cc i tng c v sau khi chuyn Active level th s nm trn level , cn cc i tng thuc c v trc th vn thuc level c. Cch 1: T ca s lnh ca Microstation nh lnh lv=<M s hoc tn level>, sau n phm Enter trn bn phm. Cch 2: T thanh Menu chn Tools\Primary xut hin thanh Primary Tools bm vo Active level, ko chut n level cn chn.
Hnh 3: Chn Ative leve 1.2. Thanh cng c v cc nt iu khin mn hnh
a. Thanh cng c chnh (Main Tool Box) d dng v thun tin trong thao tc, Microstation cung cp cho chng ta rt nhiu cc cng c tng ng nh cc lnh. Cc cng c ny c th hin th trn mn hnh bng cc biu tng hoc c nhm li vi nhau theo cc chc nng c lin quan vi nhau. Cc thanh cng c chnh thng dng nht c Microstation tp hp li v trn mt thanh cng c gi l Main Tool Box v c rt gn li thnh nhm di dng biu tng. Ta c th dng chut ko ht tt c cc cng c trong mt nhm ra thnh mt Tool Box hon chnh. Khi ta s dng cng c no th cng c s c hin th mu thm, i km theo l hp Tool setting chng ta t cc thng s, hoc nh dng cho cc i tng ha.
Main Tool Box
Tool setting
Hnh 4: Thanh cng c chnh * Cng c chn i tng
Trong : - Element Selection: La chn i tng - PowerSelector: Dng la chn hoc loi b nhiu i tng cng lc ty theo ch c chn trong thanh Tool Setting (Method: Individual, chn tng i tng mt; Block Inside, chn tt c cc i tng trong vng ko chut; Line, chn cc i tng nm trn ng thng ct chng) * Nhm cng c Linear Elements .
Trong : - Nt 1: V ng, Sharp, Arc, Cung trn. - Nt 2: V on thng.

- Nt 3: V ng i. - Nt 4: V ng Stream (dng chy, sui) - Nt 5: V ng c im gp khc. - Nt 6: V ng chia i mt gc (ng phn gic) - Nt 7: V ng thng ti im gn nhau nht gia hai i tng. - Nt 8: V ng thng vi mt gc nghing nht nh. * Nhm cng c Polygons
Trong : - Nt 1: V hnh ch nht - Nt 2: V a gic bt k - Nt 3: V a gic m cc cnh vun gc hoc song song vi nhau. - Nt 4: V a gic u. * Nhm cng c Text
Trong : - Nt 1: t ch v ni dung - Nt 2: t ch c mi tn hng vo mt i tng no . - Nt 3: Chuyn ni dung ch t file dng vo hp text box. - Nt 4: Cho bit thuc tnh ca cc k t. - Nt 5: - Nt 6: Thay i thuc tnh ca cc k t - Nt 7: t cc k t s tng dn tng n v mt
- Nt 8: t cc k t s tng hoc gim dn theo mt khong cho trc. * Nhm cng c Manipulate
Trong : - Nt 1: Copy i tng - Nt 2: Di chuyn i tng - Nt 3: Copy cc i tng song song. - Nt 4: Thay i t l ca i tng - Nt 5: Thay i gc ca i tng - Nt 6: To cc i tng i xng qua trc. * Nhm cng c Modify Element s dng sa cha cc i tng ho.
Trong : - Nt 1: Thay i t l ca mt hnh quanh mt im c nh. - Nt 2: Ph v cu trc vng thnh ng. - Nt 3: Ko di ng thng theo hng vect - Nt 4: Ko di hai ng thng theo hng vect v ct nhau, lc b on tha. - Nt 5: Ko di ng thng n 1 i tng khc. - Nt 6: Ct mt ng hoc mt chui cc ng ti giao im ca chng vi i tng khc 1.3. To cc i tng trong Microstation a. To cc i tng dng im v pattern
Cc k hiu dng im v pattenrn c to ra v lu tr di dng cc cell (im) v cha trong cc th vin cell ring bit. to cell trc ht chng ta cn to ra th vin cha cell . Thng thng, trong qu trnh xy dng v bin tp cc loi bn s th chng ta s dng cc cell c xy dng sn trong th vin. Bi v kch thc ca cc cell cho tng t l bn phi tun th nghim ngt quy trnh xy dng. Vic tnh kch thc c tnh nh sau: kch thc cell = 2 mm x mu s t l bn . * Cch to th vin cha cell - Bc 1: T thanh Menu chn Element\Cell xut hin Cell Library - Bc2: T thanh ca Cell Library chn File\New - Bc 3: Chn Seed file - Bc 4: Chn th mc cha file. - Bc 5: nh tn th vin cell vi phn m rng l .cel trong hp text files. - Bc 6: Chn OK. * To mi cell - Bc 1: To mi hoc m mt Cell Library - Bc 2: V k hiu - Bc 3: Bao fence quanh k hiu va v. - Bc 4: Chn cng c Define Cell Origin - Bc 5: Bm phm data (chut tri) vo v tr t k hiu. - Bc 6: Chn hp Cell Library v in cc thng s to New Cell. - Bc 7: Chn phm Create.
Khi ci t Famis, s c cc cell k hiu a chnh (d_chinh.cell hoc kihieudc.cell), chng ta phi copy tt c cc cell ny vo trong h thng c/win32app/) khi cn s dng, chng ta ch vic ly cc cell ny ra. b. To cc i tng dng ng Cc kiu ng c to ra v lu tr trong th vin cc kiu ng (Line Style Library) hay cn gi l File Resource. Cc File Resource c lu tr trong th mc c:\ win32app\ustation\wsmod\default\symb\*.src. C 3 loi kiu ng: - Stroke pattern: ng c nh ngha l mt nt t v mt nt lin c chiu di c xc nh mt cch chnh xc, lc nt lin cng c xc nh v mu sc th ty ngi s dng nh ngha. - Point Symbol: L s kt hp, sp xp cc i tng dng im thnh mt ng thng vi khong cch gia cc i tng cch u nhau. - Compound: y l kiu ng c to ra t s kt hp ca bt k cc loi ng vi nhau. y l kiu thng dung hin nay to cc i tng m va th hin cc nt, va th hin cc k hiu nh tri dc theo ng. * To mi mt th vin kiu ng - Bc 1: T thanh Menu chn Primary\Edit Line Style xut hin hp thoi. - Bc 2: Chn File\New xut hin hp thoi Create Line Style Library. - Bc 3: Nhp tn th vin mi vo hp text file, khng thay i ng dn. Chn Ok. * To mi mt dng ng Kiu ng Stroke - Bc 1: M hoc to mi mt th vin cc kiu ng.
- Bc 2: Xc nh bc lp ca ng v di, rng ca mi nt. (V d nh kiu ng mn ca bn a hnh t l 1:50.000 s bao gm mt nt lin v nt t vi di ln lt l 1mm x 50.000 v 0,8mm x 50.000) - Bc 3: T thanh Menu ca hp thoi Line Style Editor chn Edit\Create\Stroke pattern. - Bc 4: nh tn m t kiu ng. - Bc 5: Bm Add trong phn Stroke nh ngha nt gch u tin. - Bc 6: Bm con tr chn nt gch - Bc 7: Nhp gi tr di ca nt gch - Bc 8: Chn kiu nt gch - Bc 9: t rng ca nt gch - Bc 10: t tn cho kiu ng bng cch: Edit\Create\Name - Bc 11: Ghi li kiu ng va to. V d nh to kiu ng c dng nh sau: 1 nt lin c di 0,8mm x 50.000 v mt nt t c di 0,8mm x 50.000. Kt qu thu c nh sau:
Hnh 5: Kiu trng Stroke
Kiu ng Point symbol - Bc 1: M hoc to mi mt th vin kiu ng. - Bc 2: Xc nh cc bc lp ca ng, kch thc v hnh dng cc k hiu. V d: Kiu ng ranh gii thc vt ca bn t l 1:50.000 l cc hnh trn ng knh 0,2mm x 50.000 v nm cch u nhau 0,8mm x 50.000 - Bc 3: V k hiu c s dng v bao fence k hiu, nh ngha im t k hiu (Xem phn to cell) - Bc 4: Chn k hiu va to vo th vin kiu ng, bng cch t ca s lnh nh lnh: Creat symbol chantrom - Bc 5: To ng Base line (ng nn) kiu stroke pattern t k hiu. Bc lp ca ng ny l mt nt lin c di bng khong cch gia cc k hiu ging nhau. Bng cch: T thanh menu ca hp hi thoi Line style Editor\Edit chn Create\stroke pattern xut hin dng ch New stroke component nh tn ng Base line thay th cho dng ch New stroke component thc hin tip t bc 4-8 nh phn to mi kiu ng stroke. - Bc 6: nh tn m t cho kiu ng, bng cch nh sau: T thanh Menu ca hp hi thoi Line style Editor\Edit\Create\Point xut hin dng ch New stroke component. - Bc 7: Chn v tr t k hiu: Origin: t vo im khi u ca ng End: t vo im cui ca ng - Bc 8: Bm vo Base line, chn select, bm chut chn k hiu - Bc 9: To tn cho kiu ng v ghi li kiu ng
T thanh menu ca hp hi thoi line style Editor\Edit\Create\Name xut hin dng ch Unname bn hp text Name nh tn ng thay th cho dng ch Unname. T thanh Menu ca hp hi thoi Line style Editor\File\Save ghi li kiu ng .
Hnh 6: Kiu ng point Cch to kiu ng compound - Bc 1: To cc ng component - Bc 2: T thanh Menu ca hp Line style Editor chn Edit chn Create chn Compound xut hin dng ch New Compound Component bn hp Text Component. nh tn thay th. - Bc 3: Trong hp Sub Component bm phm insert. - Bc 4: Dng con tr chn tng ng thnh phn ca ng cn to mt sau bm phm OK. - Bc 5: t v tr cho cc ng thnh phn theo chiu dc to khong cch cho cc ng bng cch: t bng danh sch cc ng thnh
phn trong hp subcomponent,bm chut chn ng cn thay i v tr, nhp gi tr v tr cho ng vo hp text Offset. Nu gi tr > 0, nh s bnh thng; nu gi tr < 0, nh thm du (-) ng trc s. - Bc 6: t tn cho kiu ng bng cch: t thanh Menu ca hp hi thoi Line style Editor\Edit\Create\Name,xut hin dng ch Unname,nh tn ng thay th cho dng ch Unname. - Bc 7: T thanh Menu ca hp hi thoi Line style Editor\File\Save ghi li kiu ng . V d nh to kiu ng Compound l s kt hp ca hai kiu ng stroke pattern v point symbol hai v d trn, chng ta s c kt qu nh sau:
Hnh 7: Kiu ng Compound c. To cc i tng dng vng * To vng trc tip t thanh cng c Khi mun to hnh trc tip t thanh cng c, chng ta c th s dng cc cng c thuc nhm Place - Place Block to vng vung gc. - Place Shape to hnh khi c dng bt k. Khi to vng cn phi lu in y cc thng s nh sau: - Tnh cht ca vng: L vng c hay rng (Vng Hole th khng tri nn c, cn Soil th c th tri nn c)
- Mu ca vng cch t mu cho vng (Fill type): Gm c cc la chn l khng t (none), t mu ng nht gia ng bin ca vng v trong vng (Opaque), t mu khng ng nht gia ng bin v trong vng (Outlined) - Chn mu sc cho ng bin v vng t mu. - m bo cc vng c khp kn, khi s dng cng c Place Shape cn phi s dng ch bt im chnh xc khi khp kn vng. * To vng bng cch chuyn cc ng thng thnh vng to c vng theo phng php ny, cn phi m bo cc yu cu sau: ng bao cc i tng phi khp kn, khng tn ti cc im t do, ti cc im giao nhau phi c cc im nt. Chn cng c Create complex shape. Bm chut tri vo cnh u tin, sau bm vo cnh tip theo. Trng hp la chn method l Automatic th con tr s t ng chuyn sang cnh tip theo. Nu n khu vc ng ba hay ng t th nu con tr ch ng, bm chut tri, nu con tr ch sai, bm chut phi v chn cnh cho n tip tc chy.
Hnh 8: Chuyn ng thnh vng
d. To cc i tng dng Text to cc i tng dng Text, cn s dng cng c Place text trong thanh cng c chnh ca Microstation. Khi to cc i tng dng text cn phi lu mt s vn sau: - Text Node Lock: Kha vic t cc k t ln bn . - Method: Cch thc t k t - Font: Font ch ( s dng c ch Vit nn dung TCVN3) - Justification: Tm ca cc k t - Active Angle: Gc t k hiu 1.4 Bin tp cc i tng ha a. Bin tp cc d liu thuc tnh cho cc i tng ha Cc i tng ho c c trung bi cc thuc tnh c bn nh: mu sc, chiu di, ln, gc nghingNu chng ta mun chnh sa cc thuc tnh , trc ht cn phi i tng trong mi trng ang hot ng (c ngha l i tng l i tng ang c chn). Sau , chng ta s dng cng c Primary thay i cc thuc tnh
Hnh 9: i thng tin thuc tnh ca i tng bin tp b.Bin tp cc i tng dng im Cc li thng gp i vi d liu dng im (cell) thng l: - Sai cc thuc tnh ho (level, color, linestype, weight). - Cell c t khng ng v tr.
- Cell c chn khng ng hnh dng v kch thc quy nh. - Vi cc li v thuc tnh ho xem phn 4. * Cch sa cc li sai v v tr 1. Chn cng c Move element Bm phm Data chn i tng. 2. Bm phm Data n v tr mi ca i tng. C th thc hin dch chuyn cng lc nhiu i tng bng fence hoc select element. * Cch sa cc li sai v hnh dng v kch thc Cch 1: dng cho nhng cell ch sai v kch thc. 1. Chn cng c Scale element. 2. t t l cn i cho i tng trong hp Scale. 3. Bm phm Data chn i tng cn thay i. 4. Bm phm Data i kch thc i tng.
Cch 2: Dng cho nhng cell sai c v kch thc ln hnh dng. 1. V li cell mi vi hnh dng, kch thc ng theo quy nh. 2. To cell vi tn cell ging tn cell c (xem phn to cell). 3. Chn cng c Replace cell. 4. Bm phm Data vo cell cn i. c. Bin tp cc i tng dng ng a. S dng cc cng c trc tip ca Microstation Microstation cung cp cho chng ta mt lot cc cng c chnh sa cc i tng dng ng nh: bt tha, bt thiu im, lm trn ng, C th:
- Ko di hai ng n ct nhau theo hng nh sn hoc l loi b cc on ng tha bng cng c Extend Elements to Intersection
- Ko di on thng th nht n on thng tha hai theo hng ca on thng th nht hay ni cc im b bt thiu bng cng c Extend Element to Intersection
- Ko di ng thng theo hng ca on thng cui cng ca ng thng bng cng c Extend Element
- Ct mt ng hoc mt chui cc ng ti giao im ca chng vi i tng khc bng cng c
- Dch chuyn im ca cc ng thng bng cng c
- Thm im cho ng thng (nn ng thng) bng cng c
- Xo bt im ca ng thng
3.3.4. Bin tp cc i tng dng vng a. To cc vng mi t cc vng c sn Thc cht ca qu trnh ny l s dng cng c Create region vi cc Method khc nhau to ra cc vng mi, t cc vng c sn bng vic kch chut tri vo cc vng chn Hnh nh minh ha: - Chn chc nng Union
- Chn chc nng Intersection
- Chn chc nng Diffirence
c.Tri nn cho cc vng

tri nn cho cc i tng dng vng, nht thit cc vng ny phi c v ch Soil (dng c). Chng ta c th tri nn bng cc nt gch, hoc bng cc k hiu, ty theo yu cu. - tri nn bng cc nt gch, chng ta c cc s la chn nh: Tri bng nt gch n, tri bng hai nt gch - Tri nn bng cc cell - Tri nn theo dng tuyn Khi tri nn, cn phi lu mt s thng s sau: - Scale: T l k hiu - Spacing: Khong cch gia cc ng thng hoc cc cell. - Angel: Gc nghing gia cc ng thng hoc cc cell. - Method: Cch thc tri nn (Cho i tng, cho vng giao nhau) - Cell: Tn cell dung tri nn (Trong trng hp tri nn bng cc cell) Cc hnh nh minh ha: - Tri nn bng cc ng gch n.
Hnh 10: Tri nn bng cc ng n - Tri nn bng cc ng i.
Hnh 11: Tri nn bng cc ng i - Tri nn bng cc k hiu (cell)
Hnh 12: Tri nn bng cc k hiu
2. Famis 2.1. Xy dng bn a chnh Bn a chnh c thnh lp bng phn mm Famis theo quy trnh nh sau: Nhp s liu Lu bn di dng file DNG Hin th im To m t tr
Ni im
Kim tra tr o
Np file bn
Sa li
Phn mnh bn (To bng chp) To bn a chnh
Nhp cc thng tin, v nhn
To Topo cho tng mnh Bn To khung Bn
Hon thnh bn
2.1.1. Cc bc thnh lp bn a chnh bng Famis a. Nhp s liu S liu o c nhp vo Famis bng 3 cch. - Cch 1: T cc s liu o bng my ton c in t TC, SOKKIAth c th trt thng s liu t my ton c sang Famis. - Cch 2: i vi cc loi my khc (v d nh NIKKON) th phi trt qua mt phn mm trung gian khc l SDR ri mi trt sang Famis. - Cch 3: T cc kt qu o, chng ta s to file s o chi tit bng Notepad c dng nh sau: TR <S hiu trm nh hng> <Y> <X> TR <S hiu trm o 1> <Y> <X> < cao trm> < cao my> DKD <S hiu trm nh hng> <S hiu im o 1> <gc> <cnh> <gc ng> < cao gng> . <S hiu im o n> <gc> <cnh> <gc ng> < cao gng> TR <S hiu trm o o 2> <Y> <X> < cao trm> < cao my> <S hiu im o n + 1> <gc> <cnh> <gc ng> < cao gng> . <S hiu im o m> <gc> <cnh> <gc ng> < cao gng> Trong qu trnh to file d liu u vo, cn lu cch vit gi tr o gc nh sau: - DDDPPGG: Phn mm s t tnh t phi sang tri theo dy s ly gi tr ng V d: 230708 (23 7 pht 8 giy), 12245 (1 22 pht 45 giy). Sau khi c s liu o, chng ta thc hin cc bc sau: Bc 1: C s d liu tr o/Nhp s liu/Import
Hnh 13: Nhp s liu Xut hin hp thoi: Nhp s liu t s liu o gc. Tu thuc vo format ca tng loi s liu o gc, chng ta la chn trong hp List Type cho ph hp ri chn Enter b. To m t tr o T menu chn Hin th/To m t tr o, xut hin hp thoi
Chng ta chn cc ni dung cn hin th trong nhn tr o, trong quan trng nht l s hiu nhn tin hnh ni im chnh xc. Ngoi ra, chng ta c th chn cc thng s khc nh: Khong cch t nhn tr o n tr o, level cha nhn tr o v mu sc ca nhn tr o. c. Sa cha tr o y l chc nng rt linh hot, cho php ngi dung c th thay i cc gi tr o, thm cc tr o mt cch trc tip trn file ha. Khi tin hnh sa tr o v thm, bt tr o cn phi nhp y cc thng s ca tr o l: S hiu trm o, s hiu im o (duy nht), cc gi tr o gc.
Sau khi hon thnh vic la chn, cc tr o mi s c hin th trn mn hnh. d. Ni im Cn c vo s o, tin hnh ni im theo cc s hiu. Cng on ny i hi phi c s phi hp gia ngi ng my (ngi to s hiu im o) vi ngi i s . Nguyn tc ni : ni theo th t cc im c lit k t tri sang phi. Cc s hiu im phn bit nhau bng du , (du phy). Nu im ni lin tc theo th tng dn th c lit k s hiu im u v im cui cch nhau bng du - (du gch ngang). Sau khi lit k xong, n phm <Ni> chng trnh t ng ni. Cc dng c th c son trc l lu trong mt file dng text. Chn file ny bng cch n phm <File>. Sau khi chn xong, n phm <Ni> chng trnh t ng ni. Sau khi tin hnh ni im, sn phm s l mt bn nn c lu di dng file .dng. e. Np bn v sa li M bn nn va mi ni xong, chy phn mm t ng tm sa li f. To phn mnh bn y l cng on quan trng trong qu trnh xy dng bn a chnh s. T Menu chn Bn a chnh/To bn a chnh, xut hin hp thoi phn mnh bn . Kch p chut tri gc tri di bn , sau kch p chut tri gc phi trn ca bn , tr v chut phi s xut hin cc vng bao bn nn. Mi mt vng bao bn nn l mt mnh bn a chnh tng
ng vi t l c chn. Ta ca mi khung bao mnh chnh l ta ca t bn . Famis s t ng tnh ton ra ta khung ca mi mnh bn trn c s gi tr ca cc im o v t l bn tng ng. g. To bn a chnh Trc khi thc hin to bn a chnh, cn phi to mt th mc mi lu cc mnh bn . T Menu chn Bn a chnh/To bn a chnh, xut hin hp thoi to mnh bn . Trn c s bn gc c phn mnh, chng ta chn s th t ca mnh bn ri kch chut vo Chn bn sau kch vo mt tha m nm gn trong mnh bn t mnh bn gc. Trn mn hnh xut hin hp thoi chng ta lu mnh bn . Tn file s l DCn.dng (Trong n l s th t mnh bn ) v chng ta chn th mc to sn l bn . Khi chng ta chn xong, file bn gc s b ng li v file DCn.dng s m ra. Sau , m li file bn gc, lp li cc bc nh trn, to ra mnh bn a chnh tip theo cho n ht cc phn mnh bn . h. To Topology cho tng bn , nh s tha, to khung bn . To Topology thc cht l to vng cho cc i tng c khp kn bi nhiu ng thng vi nhau. Trong qu trnh xy dng bn a chnh, cc i tng cn to Topology l cc tha t, bi v y l cc vng khp kn, ng thi khi to Topology mi thc hin c cc bc nh v nhn, m s tha. to Topology, cn thc hin cc bc nh sau: T Menu chn To Topology/To vng, xut hin hp thoi to vng. T hp thoi trn, chng ta nhp cc thng s, c bit cn phi lu n thng s level, v trn mnh bn c rt nhiu i tng khc nhau nh
dng vng khp kn, dng im, dng tuynmi mt loi i tng c a vo mt level khc nhau, chnh v vy cn phi bit chnh xc, ranh gii tha t nm level no to cho chnh xc. Khi to xong, s cc tha t s xut hin cc tm tha, lm ln lt cho tng t bn c to mnh (DC1.dng, DC2.dng..). Sau khi to Topology xong, cn nh s tha t ng cho tng t bn . Bc tip theo l to khung bn a chnh, lu cn la chn t l khung ph hp vi t l bn c phn mnh v in y cc thng tin cn thit (tn n v hnh chnh). Level cha khung bn a chnh lp 63.
Hnh 14: Mt bn gc c chy Topology i. Cp nht cc thng tin cho tng tha t v v nhn tha
Cc thng tin trong tng tha t s c cp nh vo cc chc nng gn thng tin a chnh cho (Xem mc 2.2.2.). v c nhn tha, t Menu chn X l bn /V nhn tha xut hin hp thoi v nhn tha. Quy trnh v nhn tha c trnh by phn trn, tuy nhin trong qu trnh v nhn tha cho bn a chnh cn phi lu v cc tha nh. Cc tha nh l cc tha c din tch qu nh, khng th hin c nhn ca tha trn t bn , m ch th hin c s tha t. v nhn tha cc tha nh, cn thc hin nh sau: Gii hn v din tch tha nh, nhp ta gc khung tri di vo hp thoi.
Hnh 15: Mt vi tha t trong mt mnh bn a chnh
2.1.2 Xy dng cc loi h s t ai Trong phn ny s trnh by phng php xy dng cc loi h s t ai nh: h s k thut, giy chng nhn quyn s dng t. a.. Cc bc chung xy dng h s t ai, t menu Chn bn a chnh/to h s k thut tha, xut hin hp thoi nh sau:
Hnh 16: To h s tha t T hp thoi trn, chn loi h s k thut ph hp v in cc thng s nh: T l bn v, cc yu t th hin, m s dng t hin th trn h s. Sau , bm vo chn tha v kichs chut vo tm tha t. Lc ny mt file templace.dng s xut hin, lu file ny li vi mt tn bt k (v d: Hsthua6.dng.). b. Xy dng Giy chng nhn quyn s dng t
Giy chng nhn quyn s dng t l c s php l quan trng nht trong h s t ai. Chnh v vy vic xy dng GCNQSD c mt s s khc bit nh sau: - Khi xut hin hp thoi xy dng h s k thut tha t, chn loi h s cn xy dng l GCN - Chn cc thng s ph hp - Chn tha, lc ny mt file templace.dng s xut hin cha khun mu ca GCN nhng cha c cc ni dung. - Sau , bm vo GCN gc phi di ca hp thoi, s xut hin mt ca s cho php chng ta in cc ni dung vo.
Hnh 17: Ca s nhp thng tin GCNQSD

Sau khi in cc thng tin vo, chng ta chn chuyn ra in v ghi li GCN lc mi hon thnh vic Cp GCN quyn s dng t. 1.1.3. Xy dng bn hin trng s dng t trn c s bn a chnh Cc bc thc hin nh sau: - To mt file dng mi cha cc i tng thng tin cn thit ring bit no (v d:mau.dng cha cc thng tin v mu ca cc loi t hin trng) - M file bn a chnh tham kho. - Chn chc nng Creat Region vi cc thng s l Flood, Opaque mu cho tng tha t. - S dng chc nng Creat Compl Chain to ng ranh gii cho tng loi t theo quy phm (Tham kho quy phm xy dng bn hin trng s dng t ca B TNMT) - Bc tip theo to cc file dng khc lu tr cc thng tin khc (V d: Ranh gii, Text, Trnh by.) - xy dng bn hin trng s dng t hon chnh cn c file hin trng s dng t ca B TNMT ban hnh (Km trong a CD ti liu) - i vi cc i tng c th hin trn bn , nht thit phi tun th theo quy phm bi v ln ca cc i tng c lin quan mt thit vi t l bn c xy dng.
- Sau khi c tt c cc file trn, chng ta tin hnh trn cc file li vi nhau, s thu c bn hin trng s dng t cn xy dng.

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Bii giing MiicroSttattiion v Famiis CeLEM 2008 B g ng M croS a on v Fam s CeLEM 2008

Hnh 3: Chn Ative leve 1.2. Thanh cng c v cc nt iu khin mn hnh

Main Tool Box

Hnh 4: Thanh cng c chnh * Cng c chn i tng

Trong : - Nt 1: V ng, Sharp, Arc, Cung trn. - Nt 2: V on thng.

Hnh 5: Kiu trng Stroke

Hnh 8: Chuyn ng thnh vng

- Ct mt ng hoc mt chui cc ng ti giao im ca chng vi i tng khc bng cng c

- Dch chuyn im ca cc ng thng bng cng c

- Thm im cho ng thng (nn ng thng) bng cng c

- Chn chc nng Intersection

- Chn chc nng Diffirence

c.Tri nn cho cc vng

Hnh 10: Tri nn bng cc ng n - Tri nn bng cc ng i.

Hnh 11: Tri nn bng cc ng i - Tri nn bng cc k hiu (cell)

Hnh 12: Tri nn bng cc k hiu

Phn mnh bn (To bng chp) To bn a chnh

Nhp cc thng tin, v nhn

To Topo cho tng mnh Bn To khung Bn

Hnh 15: Mt vi tha t trong mt mnh bn a chnh

Hnh 17: Ca s nhp thng tin GCNQSD

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