SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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GVHD: TS-NGUYN VN DNG

Phn 4.
TNH TON QU TRNH SY L THUYT
S liu ban u:
Nhit khng kh trc khi vo calorifer: t0 = 260C.
m tng i ca khng kh: 0 = 81%
Nhit sy cho php: t1 = 900C.
Nhit khng kh ra khi thit b sy: t2 0C.
p sut kh quyn: P = 760 mmHg = 101354 (N/m2)
o Xc nh thng s trng thi ca khng kh nng:
1. Trc khi vo calorifer: t0 = 260C
Tra bng I.253 STQTTB tp 1 260C ta c:
p sut hi nc bo ha t0 = 260C l Pbh:
Pbh = 0.0343 at = 3364.83 (N/m2)
Hm m ca khng kh trc khi vo calorifer:

x0

*P
=0.622
P * P
bh 0

(CT VII.11-tr95-[4])

bh 0

0.81* 3364.83
101354 0.81* 3364.83

x0 = 0.622 *

x0 = 0.0171(KJ/Kgkkk)

Nhit lng ring ca khng kh:

Io= Ck* to + xo * (r0 + Ch*t0)

(CT VII.13-tr95-[4])

Trong : Ck = 1 (KJ/Kg.): nhit dung ring ca khng kh kh

r0 = 2493 (KJ/Kg): nhit ha hi ca nc
Ch = 1.97 (KJ/Kg.): nhit dung ring ca hi nc
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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I0 = (2493 +1.97*26)*0.0171 = 69.6317 (KJ/Kgkkk)

2.Sau khi qua calorifer trc khi sy

Sau khi qua calorifer, khng kh ch thay i v nhit nhng khng thay i
hm m nn x1 = x2.
Ti t1 = 900C tra bng I.250 sch STQTTB v TBCNHC ta c:
Pbh = 0.715 at = 70141.5 (N/m2)
Ta c: x1 = 0.622*

* P'
P * P'

=> 1

bh

bh

x1 * P
0.622 x1 P'bh

Hay:

0.0171 * 101354
0.03886
(0.622 0.0171 ) * 70141 .5

I1= Ck* t1 + x1 * (r1 + Ch*t1) = 1*90 + (2493 + 1.97*90)*0.0171

= 135.9 (KJ/Kgkkk)
3.Sau khi khi thit b sy: coi y l qu trnh sy l thuyt th I1 = I2.

Gi s: t2 = 300C.
Ta c: I2= Ck* t2 + x2 * (r2 + Ch*t2)

x2 =

I 2 Ck * t2
135 .9 30 * 1

0.0415
r2 C h * t 2 2493 1.97 * 30

Tnh p sut hi nc bo ha ng vi bo ha ng x = 0.0415 v = 1

T: x1 = 0.622*

* P => P =
bh
P * P
bh

bh

Pbh

x*P
(0.622 x) *

0.0415 *101354
6339 .4( N / m 2 )
(0.622 0.0415 ) *1

Hay Pbh = 0.0646 (at)

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Tra bng ta c ts =37.30C.

Ta thy t2 < ts => chn t2 khng tha mn.

Gi s: t2 = 350C th:
135.9 35
0.0394
x2 =
2493 1.97 * 35
Pbh

0.0394 *101354
6037 .72 ( N / m 2 ) 0.0615 (at )
(0.622 0.0394 )

Tra bng ta c ts = 360C => t2 khng tha mn.

Gi s t2 = 390C th
135.9 39
0.0377
x2 =
2493 1.97 * 39
Pbh

0.0377 *101354
5792 .096 ( N / m 2 ) 0.059 (at )
(0.622 0.0377 )

Tra bng ta c: ts = 35.80C => t2 khng tha mn

Gi s t2 = 420C th
135.9 42
0.0364
x2 =
2493 1.97 * 42
Pbh

0.0364 *101354
5603 .41( N / m 2 ) 0.0571 (at )
(0.622 0.03764 )

Tra bng ta c: ts = 350C . Ta c: t = t2 ts = 42 35 = 70C (tha mn).

Vy chn: t2 = 420C
Ti t2 = 420C tra bng ta c: Pbh = 0.0836 at = 8201.16 (N/m2)
Do :
x2= 0.622
2 =
Vi x2 =

x2 * P
2 * P"bh
=> 2 =
(0.622 x 2 ) * P"bh
P 2 * P"bh

0.0364 *101354
0.683 = 68.3%
(0.622 0.0364 ) * 8201 .16
I 2 Ck * t2
135 .9 42

0.0364
r2 C h * t 2 2493 1.97 * 42

II. Cn bng vt liu

S liu ban u:
W1 = 3.5%
W2 = 0.4%
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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G2 = 1375 Kg/h.
Trong sut qu trnh sy, ta xem nh khng c hin tng mt mt vt liu, do
lng vt liu kh tuyt i coi nhu khng b bin i.
1. Phng trnh cn bng vt liu
G1 = G2 + W
2. Vt liu kh tuyt i qua my sy GK
Gk = G2 *

100 W 2
100 0.4
1375 *
1369.5Kg / h
100
100

3. Lng vt liu t i vo my sy
G1 = G2 *

100 W2
100 0.4
1375 *
1419 .17 Kg / h
100 W1
100 3.5

4. Lng m tch ra:

W = G1 G2 = 1419.17 1369.5 = 44.17 Kg/h
5. Lng kh kh tiu hao ring:
L=

1
1

53 .056 Kgkkk/Kg hi nc
x 2 x0 0.0364 0.0171

6. Lng khng kh kh cn thit lm bc hi mt lng m W:

L = l*W = 52.056*44.17 = 2299.37 Kgkkk/h
Th tch ring ca khng kh m tnh theo 1kg khng kh kh:
v0

R * T0
287 * (26 273 )

0.8698 m 3 / kg
P Pbh * 0 101354 3364 .83 * 0.81

v1

R * T1
287 * (90 273 )

1.0563 m 3 / kg
P P 'bh *1 101354 70141 .5 * 0.03886

v2

R * T2
287 * (42 273 )

0.9442 m 3 / kg
P P"bh * 2 101354 8201 .16 * 0.683

Th tch khng kh kh: V = v*L

V0 = v0*L = 0.8698*2299.37 = 2000 m3/h
V1 = v1*L = 1.0563*2299.37 = 2428.82 m3/h
V2 = v2*L = 0.0442*2299.37 = 2171.06 m3/h

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Phn 5.
TNH KCH THC THNG QUAY
Chn cng bay hi m A = 8 kg/m3h
Th tch thng quay:
Vt = w/A =44,17/8 = 5.52( m3)
Chiu dai thng quay:
Lt =
Gi s chn Lt/Dt = 5
Do Lt =

( )

Mt khc

Lt = 5.6 (m)

=> Dt =1.1203 (m)

Chn Dt = 1.2 m => Lt = 4.88 (m)

= 4.07 [3.5 ; 7]

Nhn xt:

Tnh vn tc kh i trong thng :

=

trong l h s cha , chim 10-25% th tch thng quay.

Chn = 18.11565%Vt
Khi =

= 2.162 (m/s)

Vy vn tc kh trong thng vi vn tc 2.162 (m/s).

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Tnh thi gian sy :

=

(CT 8.10 tr115-[5])

trong l khi lng ring xp trung bnh cu vt liu, chn = 1100kg/m3

do =

= 46.76 pht

tnh s vng quay n:

n=
trong :
L = Lt, ( L l chiu di ca cnh o trn trong thng )
: gc nghing ca thng quay ( chn = 3o)
m , k h s ph thuc vo cu to cnh v chiu chuyn ng ca dng kh.

Chn m c cu to nh hnh v th m = 0.5 , k = 0.5

Do n =

=0.415 (v/ph)

Vy n = 0.415 v/ph
Tnh cng sut cn thit quay thng:
N = 0.13*10-2*1.23*4.48*0.071*0.415*1100
N = 0.3553 (kw)

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Phn 6.
TNH TON NHIN LIU
I1.
a)

Tnh nhit tn tht qm

Xc nh thng s truyn nhit k.
Tnh h s cp nhit i lu t tc nhn sy n thnh trong ca thit b.

Trong :
l h s tnh n nhm ca thng.

=1.25-1.3 chn

=1.25

: h s cp nhit t khng kh n thnh trong c i lu cng bc (v c qut)

=

(CT-tr.45-[3]).

Nhit trung bnh ca khng kh trong thng sy:

=66oC

ttb =

tra bng I.255 -STQTTB tp 1 ttb =66oC c:

=2.49*10-2 (w/m.) ; nht = 119.51*10-6(m/s2)
=12.198*104

Re =
Nu =0.018*Re0.8*

Tra bng v.2 tr.48-STQTTB tp 2, vi L/D = 4.07; Re =12.198*104 ta c =1.1

Do : Nu =0.018(12.198*104)0.8*1.1=229.2
=

=5.6 (w/m2.)

h s cp nhit do i lu t nhin. Chn nhit thnh bn trong ca thng l 59oC

tb

=(66+59)/2 =62.5oC, tra bng I.255-TQTTB tp1 62.5oC ta c:

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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,

=19.285*10-6 (m2/s)

t =66-59 =7oC , T= 62.5 +273 =335.5oK

=
Nu=0.47(Gr)0.25=0.825*102
Do :

=2.01 w/m2

Tnh
1.25(2.01+5.6)=9.54 w/m2

q1=

= 9.54*7

=66.78w/m2

Tnh h s truyn nhit i lu t thnh ngoi thit b sy n mi trng:

Chn thng quay lm bng thp c chiu dy 1=5mm, 1=45.5 w/m.
Chn vt liu cch nhit l amiang c dy 2=30mm, 2 =0.15w/m.
Bn ngoi thng l lp tn ph 1 lp sn mu bo v vi dy 3 =45.5 w/m.
tt: nhit thnh trong ca thng .
tt1: nhit gia lp tip xc v amiang.
tt2: nhit lp tip xc gia amiang v tn.
tng:nhit lp tip xc gia tn v mi trng bn ngoi.
Tnh : h s cp nhit do i lu t nhin.
ng knh ngoi ca thng Dng:
Dng =1.2 + 0.005*2 +0.05*2 + 0.001*2 = 1.312 (m)
b)

i 1

ii

0.005 0.05 0.001

0.33347
45.5 0.15 45.5

Gi s qu trnh truyn nhit l n nh th:

q1=

t t
t

ng

66 .78 tng = tt q1* i =59 66.78*0.33347 =36oC

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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nhit lp bn gii tbg:

tbg=

ng

t mt

36 26
o
31 C
2

Tra bng I-225 -STQTTB tp 1 vi t = 31oC ta c:

=2.69*10-2w/m.; = 16.15*10-6 m2/s
t =tng tmt =36 -26 = 10oC
T = 31 + 273 =304 (oK)
g Dng .t
3

Gr =

.T

9.81 * (1.312 ) 3 * 10
30 .4 * 10 8
(16 .15 * 10 6 ) 2 * 304

Nu =0.47*Gr0.25 =1.104*102
Do

Nu.

ng

Tnh

1.104 * 102 * 2.69 * 102

2
2.065 (w/m .)
1.312

: h s cp nhit do bc x.

4
4

T o
T

ng
n
o
=

T ng T o 100 100

.c

Trong :
n: en ca lp bo v, n=0.8
Co: h s bc x ca vt en tuyt i, chn Co=5.6
Do :

0 .8 * 5 .6
=
36 26

V vy :2 =

36 273 4 26 273 4
2

=4.85 (w/m .)

100 100

= 2.065 + 4.85 =6.915

Nhit ti ring t b mt ngoi thng n mi trng ngoi:

q2 = 2.t=6.915*10 =69.15 (w/m2)
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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q q
q

ta c:

69.15 66.78
3.427%
69.15

vy chp nhn c cc iu kin chn

H s truyn nhit K:
1

K=

1
2

1
1
1
0.006 0.05

9.54 6.915 45.5 0.15

K =1.71556 (w/m2.)
2.Tnh din tch b mt trao i nhit:
F = Dng**Lt + 2*0.785*(Dng)2
F = 1.312*3.14*4.88 + 2*0.875*1.3122
F = 22.817 m2
3.Tnh hiu s nhit trung bnh.
ttb =

t 1 t 2
t
2.3 lg 1
t 2

Vi : t1 = 90 26 =640C
t2 = 42 -26 =160C
Khi ta c: ttb =

64 16
34.78o C
64
2.3 lg
16

Nhit tn tht mi trng:

qm =

3.6 * K * F * tt b 3.6 * 1.71556 * 22.817 * 34.78

w
44.17

qm = 110.96 (kj/kgm)

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Phn 7.
TNH TON QU TRNH SY THC
Tnh thit b sy nh biu I X.
Trn th I-X , im A c xc nh nh 2 ng ng nhit to=260C v ng
0 = 81% .
T A k ng thng ng (do hm m khng i) ct ng ng nhit t1 = 900C ti
B. AB l ng si nng khn kh trong calorife.
T B k ng thng song song I = const, ng ny ct ng ng nhit t2= 420C
ti C. C l im kt thc ca qu trnh sy l thuyt. nhng trong thc t th I thay i
nn ng biu din qu trnh sy thc t biu din nh sau:
Xc nh hai im A,B nh sy l thuyt. trng thi cui ca khng kh c xc nh
bng im C1
Ta c: =qb + to.Cw - q .
Vi qb = 0 v khng c b sung nhit.
Cw : nhit dung ring ca nc ; Cw =4.186

= qvl + qvc + qm = qvl + qm (do qvl = 0)

Trong : qvl =
M :Cvl =

Qvl G2 .Cvl .( 2 to )

w
w

Ck (100 w2 ) Cw .W
100

1.76(100 0.4) 4.186 * 0.4

100

Cvl =1.77 (kJ/kg.k)

Vi Ck : l nhit dung ring ca vt liu kh tuyt i , vi PVC nhit dung ring trung
bnh 0oC -100oC l , Ck= 1.76 (kJ/kg.k)
V 2 : nhit ra ca vt liu sy, ta chn
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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2 = t2 5 = 42 -5 = 37 C
0

Do : qvl =

1375 *1.77 * (37 26)

661.6 (kJ/kg.m)
44.17

V vy: = to.Cw qvl qm

= 26*4.186 -661.6 110.96 = -664.14 < 0
V <0 nn ng BC1 s nm pha di ng BC ly im e bt k, v eE song song
vi trc tung v eF song song vi trc honh (F AB )
o trn th ta c di eF = 30mm
eE =eF*/m (16.31 QTTBI 2)
vi m= MI/Mx l t l xch trn th I-X
xc nh MI ,Mx
trn trc tung ta o c 5(kcal/kgkkk) ng vi 21.8 mm , suy ra MI = 5/28.1 = 0.229.
trn trc hong ta o c 10 (g/kgkkk) ng vi 22.5mm , suy ra Mx= 10/22.5 = 0.444.
khi ta c m = MI/Mx =0.516 (kcal/g)
= -664.14 (=kJ/kgm) = -0.159 (kcal/g m)
Do eE = eF* =30*

0.159
9.237mm
0.516

Ly im E pha di E v eE = 9.24 mm.

Ko di BE ct ng t = 42oC ti im C. qu trnh sy thc t i theo ng ABC1.
Ti C1 ta xc nh c:
X2 = 0.03 (kgm/kgkkk)
2 = 55%

Lng khng kh tiu tn thc t:

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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l=

1
1

78 .064 (kgkkk/kghi nc)

X 2 X 0 0.03 0.0171

Lng khng kh lm bay hi nc trong vt liu.

L = l*w = 78.064*44.17 = 3448.09 (kgkkk/h)
Tn tht nhit do TNS mang ra.
q2= l*Ck(t2 t0)

(CT-tr.65-[1])

vi Ck l nhit dung ring ca khng kh m.

Ck = Ckk + 0.47X0 = 1.005 +0.47*0.0171 =1.013 (kJ/kg )
q2 = 78.064*1.013(42 -26) = 1273.27 (kJ/kg m)
Nhit lng cn thit bay hi 1 kg m.
q1 = i2 1.C (1 =t0)
vi i2 = 2500 +1.8t2

(CT-tr.52-[2])

q1= 2500 +1.8*42 26*4.18 = 2467.34 (kJ/kg m).

Bng cn bng nhit lng

TT
1
2
3
4
5

i lng
Tn tht ra mi trng
Tn tht do vt liu mang ra
Tn tht do tc nhn sy mang ra
Nhit lng bay hi m
Tng nhit lng

Hiu sut sy s =

K
hiu
qm
qvl
q2
q1

kJ/kg m
110.96
661.6
1273.27
2467.34
4513.17

Thnh phn
%
2.46
14.66
28.21
54.67
100

2467.34
* 100% 54.67%
4513.17

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Phn 8.
TNH TON V CHN THIT B PH
I Calorife
y l mt trong nhng b phn quan trng trong thit b sy thng quay ni
ring v thit b sy ni chung .
Do yu cu v sch ca PVC sn phm nn ta phi dng tc nhn sy l
khng kh nng . Khng kh nng i trong caloriphe si th nhn c nhit gin
tip t hi nc bo ha qua thnh ng.
Khng kh nng dng sy phi c nhit theo yu cu l 90oC, cht truyn
nhit cho khng kh l hi nc bo ha. V hi nc bo ha c h s truyn
nhit ln, do b mt truyn nhit ca thit b nh, tit kim c nguyn liu
ch to v din tch xy dng, c th iu chnh c d dng nhit bng cch
u chnh p sut hi nc. Trong qu trnh truyn nhit t hi nc n khng
kh, ta thy h s truyn nhit ca khng kh nh hn nhiu so vi hi nc bo
ha, do m bo qu trnh trao i nhit ta cn tng b mt truyn nhit
pha ngoi ng.
Thit b chn loi gn ngang, hi nc bo ha i trong ng truyn nhit v
khng kh i ngoi ng . Trong qu trnh cp nhit, hi nc bo ha ngng t v
chy thnh mng c nhit khng i.
Hi nc bo ha c p sut p=2.025 at ng vi nhit t = 120oC nhit kh
vo l 260C nhit kh ra khi caloriphe l 900C.
Gi :Ftd l dienj tch t do ca caloriphe
V l lu lng kh qua caloriphe
Do vn tc kh trong caloriphe c xc nh:
W = V/ Ftd , vi Ftd = FX - FC
Vi FX l din tch tit din thng ng ca caloriphe
FX = Bx.H , vi Bx: b rng ca caloriphe
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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Bx = 2*0.002 + 0.01(8 1) + 8*0.063 = 0.578 (m)

FX = 0.578*0.6=0.3468 ( m2 )
Din tch cn ca gn
Fc(g) =(D dn)Lg.i = (0.063 0.045 )*0.24*8 = 0.03456 m2
Din tch cn ca ng:
Fc(og) = H.dn.i = 0.6*0.045*8 = 0.216 m2
Vy Ftd = 0.09264 m2
Th tch trung bnh ca kh trong caloriphe:
Vtb = (V26 + V90)/2
Theo tnh ton phn cn bng vt liu th :
V26 = 0.8698
V90 = 1.0563
Vtb = 0.963
Tnh V: ( ta c L = 2299.37)
V= L.Vtb*1/3600 = 2299.37*0.963*1/3600 = 0.615 m3/h
1.

Chn kch thc ng truyn nhit

ng truyn nhit lm bng ng c:
ng knh ngoi ca ng :dn = 0.045 m
ng knh trong dt = 0.06 m
bc gn : lg = 0.015 m
ng knh ngoi gn : D = 1.4dn = 0.063 m
chiu cao gn : h = (D - dn)/2 = 0.001 m
dy ca ng : = (dn dt)/2 = 0.0025 m
khong cch gia hai gn : 0.001 m
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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2.

chiu cao ng : H = 0.6 m

s gn trn mt ng : m = H/ lg = 40
tng chiu di ca gn trn ng Lg= m. = 0.24 m
b dy ca ng khng c gn Lo = H - Lg = 0.36 m
din tch xung quanh ca ng khng c gn :
F1 = .dn.Lo = 0.05089 m2
Din tch hnh vnh khn ca gn chim trn ng :
F2 = 2 (/4).m(D2 d2n) = 0.122 m2
Din tch gn trong mt ng ( tr din tch hnh vnh khn)
F3 = DLg = 0.048 m2
Din tch b mt ngoi ca mt ng :
Fn = F1 + F2 + F3 = 0.22089 m2
Din tch b mt trong ca mt ng :
Ft = .H.dt = 0.0754 m2
Xc nh Hiu S Nhit Trung Bnh
Cu to ca caloriphe l loi ng gn ngang v hi nc bo ha i trong ng 2 lu
th chuyn ng cho dng nn hiu s nhit trung bnh c xc nh:
ttb =(t).

= (t).

Trong (t) l h s iu chnh ph thuc vo t s nhit ca cc cht ti

nhit, tr s ca n cho trong th V-8 STQTTB tp 2, tnh theo cc i lng R
v P
R =
P=

=
=

0 [V.11-STQTTB tp 2/(4)]

0.681[V.12 STQTTB-tp 2/(4)]

Theo th V.8 STQTTB tp 2, ta c (t)=

t =t1 t2 = 120 26 = 94oC
tc = t1c t2c = 120 -90 = 30oC
Do : ttb = 1.

56.07oC

Trong sut qu trnh truyn nhit, lng nhit cung cp do hi nc bo ha ta ra

khi ngng t do nhit trung bnh ca hi nc khng i . vy nhit trung
bnh ca khng kh nng l:
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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t2tb = 120 56.07 = 63.93oC

Tra bng I-225 STQTTB tp 1 t = 63.93oC ta c:
= 2.928.10-2 (w/m.k)
= 19.38.10-6(m2/s)

Pr = 0.695
3. Tnh vn tc ca khng kh trong caloriphe.
Chn s ng xp thnh hng ngang i = 8 ng
Khong cch gia ng gn ngoi cng n thnh caloriphe l 0.002 m.
Vy: w = 0.615/0.09624 = 6.39 (m/s)
4. Tnh h s cp nhit t hi nc bo ha n thnh ng:
hi nc ngng t bn ngoi thnh ng thng ng, h s cp nhit tnh theo cng
thc :
1 = 2.04 A (r/H.t)0.25
(CT-tr.231-[3])
vi t hiu s nhit gia nhit hi ngng t v nhit thnh ng , gi s t
= 0.5oC
H : chiu cao ng truyn nhit : 0.6 m
R : nhit ngng t hi .
Ti t = 120oC tra bng I 250 -STQTTB-tp 1, ta c :r = 2207 (kJ/kg)
Nhit trung bnh ca mng nc ngng
tm = (tT + tbh)/2 = 119.75oC
A: h s gi tr ph thuc vo tm, tra bng trang 231 SQTTB 1 ti tm = 119.75oC
ta c A = 187.88775
Vy 1 = 2.04 *187.88775*(2207/0.6*0.5)0.25 = 354.7546 (w/m2)
Nhit lng do hi cung cp ra thnh ng :
q1 = 1t = 3549.7546*0.5 = 1774.8773 ( w/m)
5.Tnh h s cp nhit t mt ngoi ng n khng kh F.
Lu th chy ngang qua bn ngoi chm ng c gn nn ta c:
Nu = C(

-0.54

.(

-0.14

.Ren.Pr0.4 (STQTTB-1 -226)

Dn : ng knh ngoi ng = 0.045 m

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Tg : bc gn = 0.015 m
C, n i lng ph thuc vo cch sp xp ng v ng thng hng nn C = 0.116 ; n
= 0.72
H: chiu cao gn = 0.009 m
Xt Re v dn/tg
Re = wkk.tg/ =
dn/tg = 0.045/0.015 = 3
ta nhn thy rng 3000<Re<25000 v 3=< dn/tg < 4.8
do phng trnh trn dng c
Nu = 0.116*3-0.54*(0.009/0.015)-0.14*(4945.82)0.72*(0.695)0.4 = 27.197
=53.09 (w/m2)

Ta c 2 =

Tm T ( hiu chnh) bng cch a vo th hnh 7- 10/227 STQTTB tp 1,

ta c T = 35
6- Xc nh h s truyn nhit
K=

= 31.5445 w/m2

Vy nhit lng t mt ngoi ng cp cho khng kh:

q2 = K.ttb = 31.5445*56.07 = 1768.7 w/m
so snh t s:

= 0.348% < 5%

7. xc nh b mt truyn nhit :
Nhit lng do caloriphe cung cp
Qcal = L( I1 Io ) = 2299.37(135.9 69.6317) = 152375.341( KJ/h )
Chn hiu sut = 0.94
Nhit lng thc t : Qtt = Qcal/
Mt khc : Qtt = 3.6 KF ttb
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= 23.6 m2

F=

S ng trong caloriphe
N = F/Fn = 23.6/0.22089 = 103.875 ng
Hay n = 104 ng
S ng xp theo hng dc
n= n/8 = 104/8 = 13 ng.
Vy kch thc ca caloriphe l:
chiu di : D = 0.002*2 + 0.01*(13-1) + 13*0.063 = 0.493 m
chiu rng: B = 0.493 m
chiu cao : H = 0.95 + 0.05*2 = 1.05
m
8 Tnh hi nc bo ha cn dng :
Hi nc bo ha P = 2.025 at , Abh = 1200C c r = 2207 kJ/kg
Ta c : Qtt = D.n, vi D l lng hi nc bo ha.
D = Qtt/r = Qcal/r. =

73.45 kg/h

Vy lng hi nc bo ha cn dng D = 73,45 kg/h

II Cyclon.
Trong qua qu trnh sy, do khng kh chuyn ng vi vn tc tng i ln nn
mt phn bi s theo khng kh ra ngoi. thu hi bi, ta t ng ng ra
thit b cyclon tch bi , lng khng kh i vo cyclon chnh l lng khng
kh i ra khi thng sy.
Ta c tnh ring ca phn khng kh m tnh theo 1 kg khng kh kh khi ra khi
thng sy:
V2 =

0.9442 m3/kg

Lu lng kh i vo cyclon:
V2 = L.v2 = 2299.37*0.9442 =2171.065 m3/h
Da vo bng III 5 trang 524 STQTTB tp1 , ta thy cyclon phi thit k thuc
loi cyclon n, gm hai cyclon ghp li trong b Bunke . da vo bng III 10 ,
ta c h s tr lc
t = 42oC khi lng ring ca kh thi l:
= 1.293
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

= 1.0853 kg/m3
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gi p l tr lc ca cyclon th 540 < p/ < 740

chn : p/ = 545
Mt khc : p =

545 = 2.46 m/s

ng knh mi cyclon n :
D =

= 0.56 m

Chn cyclon:
Chiu cao ca vo : a = 0.48D = 0.269 m
Chiu cao ng tm c mt bch: h1 = 1.56D = 0.87 m
Chiu cao phn hnh tr h2 = 2.08D = 1.165 m
Chiu cao phn hnh nn : h3 = 2D = 1,12 m
Chiu cao phn bn ngoi ng tm : h4 = 0.3D = 0.168 m
Chiu cao chung : H = 4.38D =2.45 m
ng knh ngoi ca ng ra : d1 = 0.6D = 0.336 m
ng knh trong ca ng tho bi : d2 = 0.3D = 0.168 m
Chiu rng ca ca vo : b1 = 0.26D = 0.145 m
Chiu rng ca ra : b2 = 0.2D = 0.112 m
Khong cch t tn cng cyclon n mt bch : h5 = 0.25D = 0.14 m
Chiu di ca ng ca vo : l = 0.6D = 0.336 m
Gc nghing gia np v ng vo

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ng knh trong ca cyclon Dt = 0.5 m

H s tr lc ca cyclon : = 180
Hai cyclon n c kch thc , nng sut hiu sut nh nhau. Chiu di v chiu
rng ca bunke theo mt ct ngang.
Chiu rng:
B = Dn1 + 0.03(n1 + 1)
Vi n1 l s cyclon trong mi dy
B = 0.56*1 + 0.03(1 + 1) = 0.62 m
Chiu di:
L = Dn2 + 0.03(n2 + 1) , vi n2 l s dy , n2 =2.
L = 0.56*2 + 0.03(2 + 1) = 1.21 m
III Qut
Qut dng vn chuyn khng kh c p sut chung khng ln lm, y l b
phn quan trng trong thit b sy.
Nng lng ca qut to ra cung cp cho khng kh mt p sut ng hc di
chuyn v mt phn nng lng khc ph tr lc trn ng vn chuyn. nng
sut qut c c trng bng th tch khng kh m i vo hay i ra khi thit b .
Tnh tr lc ca ton b qu trnh .
t mt qut y trc caloriphe y khng kh t ngoi mi trng qua
caloriphe vo thng sy, i ngc chiu vi chiu di chuyn ca vt liu, nng sut
ca qut y .
Q1 = V1=1.0563*2299.37 = 2428.82m3/h
t mt qut ht sau cyclon n nhm II ht kh thi c lm sch bi v
thi ra mi trng .
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Nng sut qut ht Q 2 = V2 = 2171.06 m3/h

Tnh p sut ton phn cn thit khc phc tt c sc cn thy lc trong h
thng.
p = p + pm + pc

(CT-tr.377- [3])

1.tnh p sut ng lc hc p : p sut cn thit to tc cho dng chy v

ra khi ng dn
p =

; vi

vn tc kh trung bnh trong thng quay

=0.67 m2/s

kg/m3
Do : p =

= 0.2615 N/m2

Chn tt c cc on ng dn u c ng knh D = 0.5 m c sn lp bo v c =

0.15*10-3 m
2.p sut khc phc tr lc do ma st pm
A . tr lc do masat t qut y n caloriphe:
Chn chiu di ng l l = 1m , t = 28oC
28 =1.1946713 kg/m3
pm1 =

Trong : Q1 = 2428.82 m3/h

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F ng = 0.785D2 = 0.785*0.52 = 0.19625 m2

2.87 m/s
Xt : Re =

, vi

28

= 15.812.10-6 m2/s v dt

0.5 m

Re =
Ta c 1000<Re< 100000 thuc khu v III, vng I nn xc nh

theo cng thc

1 = 0.018143

Do pm1 = 0.018143*

= 0.178 N/m2

B. tr lc do ma st trong ng t caloriphe n thng cha sn phm. chn chiu

di ng 1m vi cng loi ng nh trn, ti t = 90oC tra bng ta c:
90oC = 0.972 kg/m3

V dt = 0.5m
pm2 =
Vn tc kh i trong ng l :

Xt Re =
Ta c 4000<Re<100000 , thuc khu vc III, vng I nn ta xc nh 2 theo cng
thc :

-1.5 2 = 0.0186

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= 0.2266 N/m2

Do :pm2 = 0.0186*

C. tr lc do ma st trong ng t thng cha vt liu n cyclon v t cyclon n

qut ht :
Chn chiu di tng cng l = 3m vi cng loi ng nh trn ti t = 42oC tra bng ta
c
42 = 1.13 kg/m3
42 = 16.98*10-6 m2/s
pm3 = *
Vn tc kh i trong ng l :

Xt Re =

= 89584.805

Ta c 4000<Re< 100000 thuc khu vc III, vng I nn ta xc nh 3 theo cng

thc

pm3 =

3 = 0.0182
= 0.5708 N/m

Vy: tng pm =pm1 +pm2 +pm3 = 0.9754 N/m2

3. p sut cn thit khc phc tr lc cc b pc
A . tr lc t thu
+ tr lc t thu khi khng kh i t caloriphe n thng cha sn phm:
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Vn tc kh = 2 =3.537 m/s

pc =

, vi l h s tr lc cc b.

Ta c Re = 80022.624 > 104 nn tra trong bng No13 STQTTB 1 tng ng vi

Fng/Fcal

=0.323

Ta c = 0.376

Do pc =

2.286 N/m2

+ tr lc t thu t thng cha vt liu ra ng ng chn thng cha vt liu c

kch thc 1*1*1.6
Vn tc kh = 3 = 3.0423 m/s
Ta c Re =89584.085>104 v

Tra bng No13 STQTTB1/388 ta c: =0.4699546

Do pcb =

+ tr lc t thu ti ca ra ca cyclon n thng vn tc kh = 3 =3.0423 m/s

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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=0.2616

V Re =89584.805 > 104 nn tra bng No13 STQTTB1 ta c = 0.49

Do pc =

=2.562 N/m2

B. tr lc t m
+ t m ti ca vo caloriphe
Vn tc = 1 = 2.87m/s
Fng/Fcal = 0.323 ; Re =80022.624 > 104
Tra bng No13 STQTTB1 c =0.376
pc = 1.85 N/m2
+ t ti ni kh ra vo thng cha sn phm =2 =3.537 m/s
Fng / Fthng = 0.122656 v Re =89584>104
Tra bng c = 0.47
pc = 3.322 N/m2
+ t m ti ca vo cyclon
= 3 =3.0423 m/s
=0.2
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Re = 89584 > 104 , tra bng c = 0.45

pc =2.353 N/m2
Vy tng pc t m = 7.525 N/m2
Do tng pc = 14.831 N/m2
5. Tr lc do kh i qua thng cha sn phm, thng sy, thng cha vt liu, cyclon
v caloriphe pct
a. Tr lc do kh vo thng cha sn phm
Vn tc kh chuyn ng:
1 =

Re =

= 0.53 m/s

, trong dt =

1.23

Re = 29444.6 > 104 , chuyn ng xoy

H s ma st c tnh theo cng thc :
=> 1 =0.02335

ct1 =

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

= 0.0026N/m2

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b. Tr lc do kh i qua thng sy:

Vn tc kh trong thng :2 = 0.67 m/s
Re =

= 3638.01

Ttb =

Tra bng I.255 STQTTB1 ta c

= 19.51*10-6 m2/s .
=1.044 kg/m3
chn nhm ca thng =9*10-3 m
Regh = 6*(

) = 1609.358 -STQTTB1/378

Gi tr chun s Re bt u xut hin vng nhm

Ren =220*(

)9/8 =51072.78

Nhn xt: Regh<Re<Ren ; nn h s ma st c tnh:

=

pct2=

= 0.185533

=0.185533*

= 0.1768

c. Tr lc do kh i vo thng cha vt liu

Chn kch thc thng nh trn, vn tc kh chuyn ng;
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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3 =

Re =

=0.455 m/s

=32964.6

4000<Re<100000 nn 3 c tnh theo cng thc sau:

=> 3 =0.0227

ct3

= 0.00216 N/m2

d.
Ta c:
M k =1.0922 kg/m3
Do pcT4 =545*k =595.25 N/m2
e. Tr lc do caloriphe
Nhit trung bnh ca kh trong caloriphe : 63.930C , tra bng I-255 STQTTB1 ta
c:
= 2.93*10-2 w/m.
= 19.37*10-6- m2/s
= 1.048 kg/m3
SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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vn tc kh trong caloriphe:
5

=6.68 m/s

Re =

Vi dt = 0.578 -8*0.045 = 0.218 m

Do ng xp kiu hnh lang nn
= (6+9m)(s/d)-0.23*(Re)-0.26

(CT-tr 404-[3])

vi S: khong cch gia cc trc ng theo phng ct ngang ca dng chuyn

ng

S= 0.25+

=0.259

m: s dy ng chm theo phng chuyn ng m=13

do =(6 +9*13)(0.259/0.045)-0.23*(75284)-0.26= 4.437
vy tr lc ca caloriphe l:
pct5 =103.76 N/m2
Do : tng pct = 699.193 N/m2
Vy p sut ton phn khc phc tt c tr lc ca h thng l :
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p = 715.26 N.m2
e) Cng sut qut:
1. Qut y : t trc caloriphe, ta chn qut li tm loi II9- 57N04
Nng sut ca qut Q = v1= 2428.82 m3/h
p sut lm vic p = 715/2 =357.63 N/m2
Theo c tuyn ca qut ly tm loi II9 -57N04 STQTTB1 - tr 488 th hiu sut
qut theo c tuyn l q =0.63
Hiu sut truyn ng khi ni trc ca qut vi trc ng c bng khp trc : tr =
0.98
Cng sut trc ng c in :
N=

(CTII.293a-[3])

Vi : khi lng ring ca khng kh

=1.1438 kg/m3
do : N=

= 4.386 (kw)

tc gc = 90 ( rad/s)
cng sut ng c in:
Nc = k3*N , vi k3 l h s d tr i vi qut li tm, cng sut trn trc:
2.01<4.386<5 nn chn k3 =1.15

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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=> Nc = 1.15 *4.386 =5.044 (kw)

2. qut ht t cui h thng sy .
Chn qut li tm loi II 9-57N04
Nng sut qut Qh =V2 = 2171.06 m3/h
p sut lm vic p= 357.63 N/m2
Hiu sut lm vic ca qut theo c tuyn q = 0.64
Hiu sut truyn ng khi ni trc ca qut vi trc ng c bng khp trc tr =
0.98
Cng sut trc ng c in
N=

= 3.859 kw

Vn tc gc ca bnh gung = 90 rad/s

Cng sut ng c in : Nc = k3*N
Chn k3 = 1.15
Do Nc = 3.859*1.15 = 4.438 kw

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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KT LUN
Qua thi gian nghin cu cc gio trnh v di s hng dn ca thy Nguyn
Vn Dng, ti thit k my sy thng quay vi nng sut 11 nghn tn/nm. y
l giai on quan trng trong qu trnh ch bin t nguyn liu bn thnh phm
n thnh phm.
n ny da trn l thuyt v sy ca s tay qu trnh thit b v cc gio trnh
tnh ton v nhit.
Qu trnh tnh ton v thit k sao cho thit b tht n gin, do khng th
trnh khi nhng thiu st. Ti knh mong cc thy c gp kin cho ti ti c
th rt c kinh nghim t nhng thiu st .
Ti chn thnh cm n s tn tnh gip ca cc qu thy c hng dn ti
hon thnh n ny.
Xin chn thnh cm n!

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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TI LIU THAM KHO

[1]-Thit k h thng sy PGS-TS- Hong vn chc.
[2]-K tht sy nng sn-GS-TS Phm xun vng-TS-Trn nh khuyn.
[3]-S tay qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha cht tp 1 NXB KH&KT.
[4]-S tay qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ha cht tp 2-NXB KH&KT.
[5]-K thut sy Trn vn ph.

SVTH: CAO CHU NHN

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