GII CHI TIT THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG

KHI A V B NM 2011
I: THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2011

mn thi : ha hc, khi B- m : 794

PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Hn hp X gm Fe(NO3)2, Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. Thnh phn % khi lng ca nit trong X l
11,864%. C th iu ch c ti a bao nhiu gam hn hp ba kim loi t 14,16 gam X?
A. 10,56 gam
B. 7,68 gam
C. 3,36 gam
D. 6,72 gam
%khi lng O: 11,864% x 48/14 =40,677%
% khi lng cc kim loi trong mui: 100 40,677 -11,864 = 44,492%
Khi lng KL iu ch c ti a: 14,16 x 44,492% = 6,72 gam
Cu 2: Cho dy cc cht: phenyl axetat, anlyl axetat, metyl axetat, etyl fomat, tripanmitin. S cht trong
dy khi thy phn trong dung dch NaOH (d), un nng sinh ra ancol l:
A. 4
B. 2
C. 5
D. 3
Cu 3: Cho 200 gam mt loi cht bo c ch s axit bng 7 tc dng va vi mt lng NaOH, thu
c 207,55 gam hn hp mui khan. Khi lng NaOH tham gia phn ng l:
A. 31 gam
B. 32,36 gam
C. 30 gam
D. 31,45 gam
gi s mol NaOH l a
ch s axit l 7 nn s mol NaOH dng trung ha axit (s mol KOH)l: 200 x 7x 10-3/56 = 0,025mol
s mol H2O to ra: 0,025 mol
s mol NaOH p trieste: a 0,025 s mol glixerol thu c: (a-0,025)/3
LBTKL: m(cht bo) + m NaOH = m mui + mglixerol + m H2O
200 + 40a = 207,55 + 92 (a-0,025)/3 + 18 x 0,025 a= 0,775 m NaOH = 31 gam
Cu 4: Thc hin cc th nghim vi hn hp gm Ag v Cu (hn hp X):
(a) Cho X vo bnh cha mt lng d kh O3 ( iu kin thng)
(b) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch HNO3 (c)
(c) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch HCl (khng c mt O2)
(d) Cho X vo mt lng d dung dch FeCl3
Th nghim m Cu b oxi ha cn Ag khng b oxi ha l:
A. (a)
B. (b)
C. (d)
D. (c)
Cu 5: Khi cho 0,15 mol este n chc X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (d), sau khi phn ng kt thc
th lng NaOH phn ng l 12 gam v tng khi lng sn phm hu c thu c l 29,7 gam. S ng
phn cu to ca X tha mn cc tnh cht trn l:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 2
nNaOH :nEste = 2:1 l este to bi axit v phenol (v cho X l n chc)
RCOOR` + 2NaOH RCOONa + R`ONa + H2 O
0,15
0,3
0,15
mEste =29,7 + 0,15.18 12 =20,4 gam KLPT ca este l 136 CTPT C8H8O2
Cc ng phn ca E: C-COO -C6H5; HCOO C6H4 CH 3 (c 3 ng phn o,p,m). Tng cng
c 4 p.
Cu 6: Cho phn ng : 3 C6H5-CH=CH2 + 10 KMnO4 3C6H5-COOK + 3K2CO3 + 10 MnO2 + KOH +
4H2O
Tng h s (nguyn, ti gin) tt c cc cht trong phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng trn l:
A. 27
B. 31
C. 24
D. 34

Cu 7: Cho dy cc oxi sau: SO2, NO2, NO, SO3, CrO3, P2O5, CO, N2O5, N2O. S oxit trong dy tc dng
c vi H2O iu kin thng l:
A. 5
B. 6
C. 8
D. 7
Cu 8: luyn c 800 tn gang c hm lng st 95% , cn dng x tn qung manhetit cha 80%
Fe3O4 (cn li l tp cht khng cha st). Bit rng lng st b hao ht trong qu trnh sn xut l 1%.
Gi tr ca x l:
A. 959,59
B. 1311,90
C. 1394,90
D. 1325,16
Khi lng Fe trong gang: 800 x 95% = 760 tn
x = (760 x 232 /( 56x3)) x 100/80 x 100/99 = 1325,16 tn
Cu 9: Triolein khng tc dng vi cht (hoc dung dch) no sau y?
A. H2O (xc tc H2SO4 long, un nng)
B. Cu(OH)2 ( iu kin thng)
C. Dung dch NaOH (un nng)
D. H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng)
Cu 10: Cho cc phn ng:
(a) Sn + HCl (long) t
(b) FeS + H2SO4 (long)
t
(c) MnO2 + HCl (c)
(d) Cu + H2SO4 (c)
(e) Al + H2SO4 (long) (g) FeSO4 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
S phn ng m H+ ca axit ng vai tr oxi ha l:
A. 3
B. 6
C. 2
D. 5
Cu 11: Choxt,ts phn ng :
(1) X + O2 xt,t
axit cacboxylic Y1
(2) X + H2 xt,t
ancol Y2
(3) Y1 + Y2
Y3 + H2O
Bit Y3 c cng thc phn t C6H10O2. Tn gi ca X l:
A. anehit acrylic
B. anehit propionic
C. anehit metacrylic D. andehit axetic
Cu 12: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(a) Nung NH4NO3 rn.
(b) un nng NaCl tinh th vi dung dch H2SO4 (c)
(c) Sc kh Cl2 vo dung dch NaHCO3.
(d) Sc kh CO2 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d).
(e) Sc kh SO2 vo dung dch KMnO4.
(g) Cho dung dch KHSO4 vo dung dch NaHCO3.
(h) Cho PbS vo dung dch HCl (long).
(i) Cho Na2SO3 vo dung dch H2SO4 (d) , un nng.
S th nghim sinh ra cht kh l:
A. 2
B. 6
C. 5
D.4
Cu 13: Dung dch X gm 0,1 mol H+, z mol Al3+, t mol NO3- v 0,02 mol SO42-. Cho 120 ml dung dch Y
gm KOH 1,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M vo X, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 3,732 gam kt a. Gi
tr ca z, t ln lt l:
A. 0,020 v 0,012
B. 0,020 v 0,120
C. 0,012 v 0,096
D. 0,120 v 0,020
p dng nh lut bo ton in tch ta c : 0,1 + 3z = t + 0,04
2+
2nBa =0,012 < nSO4 = 0,02 nBaSO4 = 0,012 mol mBaSO4 = 2,796 gam mAl(OH)3 =
3,732 - 2,796 = 0,936 gam nAl(OH)3 = 0,012 mol.
+
3+
nOH =0,168, nOH dng trung ha H = 0,1 nOH dng phn ng vi Al =
0,068>0,012.3=0,036 mol mol OH trong kt ta s mol OH trong Al(OH)4 =0,032.
3+
Vy nAl =nAl(OH)3 + nAl(OH)4 = 0,012 + (0,032 : 4) = 0,02 mol = z t=0,12
Cu 14: Dy gm cc kim loi c cng kiu mng tinh th lp phng tm khi l:
A. Na, K, Ba
B. Mg, Ca, Ba
C. Na, K , Ca
D. Li , Na, Mg
Cu 15: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Na2CO3 l nguyn liu quan trng trong cng nghip sn xut thy tinh.
B. nhit thng, tt c kim loi kim th u tc dng c vi nc.
C. Nhm bn trong mi trng khng kh v nc l do c mng oxit Al2O3 bn vng bo v
0

D. Theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn, nhit nng chy ca kim loi kim gim dn
Cu 16: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Tinh th nc , tinh th iot u thuc loi tinh th phn t.
B. Trong tinh th NaCl, xung quanh mi ion u c 6 ion ngc du gn nht.
C. Tt c cc tinh th phn t u kh nng chy v kh bay hi.
D. Trong tinh th nguyn t, cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau bng lin kt cng ha tr.
Cu 17: hiro ha hon ton 0,025 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit c khi lng 1,64 gam, cn 1,12
lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, khi cho cng lng X trn phn ng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong
NH3 th thu c 8,64 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca hai anehit trong X l:
A. OHC-CH2-CHO v OHC-CHO
B. H-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO
C. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO v OHC-CHO
D. CH2=CH-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO
nH2 : n hai aneh it = 2: 1 Vy hai ane hit u cng hi ro theo t l 1: 2 loi B
nAg/ n andehit = 0,08/0,025 = 3,2 loi A v andehit 2 chc c s mol (0,08- 0,025x2)/2 = 0,015 mol
; andehit n chc = 0,01 mol phng n D tha mn
Cu 18: Hn hp kh X gm etilen, metan, propin v vinylaxetilen c t khi so vi H2 l 17. t chy
hon ton 0,05 mol hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo bnh dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) th
khi lng bnh tng thm m gam. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 5,85
B. 3,39
C. 6,6
D. 7,3
t cng thc chung ca cc cht l CxH4 12x+4 =17 . 2 x = 2,5
Khi lng dung dch Ca(OH)2 tng bng mCO 2 + mH2O = 0,05.2,5.44 + 0,05.2.18=7,3 gam
Cu 19: Nhit phn 4,385 gam hn hp X gm KClO3 v KMnO4, thu c O2 v m gam cht rn gm
K2MnO4, MnO2 v KCl . Ton b lng O2 tc dng ht vi cacbon nng , thu c 0,896 lt hn hp
kh Y (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 16. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca KMnO4 trong X l:
A. 62,76%
B. 74,92%
C. 72,06%
D. 27,94%
Cu 20: Cho hi nc i qua than nng , thu c 15,68 lt hn hp kh X (ktc) gm CO, CO 2 v H2.
Cho ton b X tc dng ht vi CuO (d) nung nng, thu c hn hp cht rn Y. Ha tan ton b Y
bng dung dch HNO3 (long, d) c 8,96 lt NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Phn trm th tch
kh CO trong X l:
A. 18,42%
B. 28,57%
C. 14,28%
D. 57,15%
H2O + C CO + H2
x
x
x
2H2O + C CO 2 + 2H2
2y
y
2y
Theo phng trnh v theo gi thit ta c : 2x + 3y = 0,7 (1) CO
+CuO CO 2 + Cu
H2 + CuO H2 O + Cu
p dng bo ton eletron ta c : 2nCO+ 2nH2=2nCu =3nNO nCO + nH2 = 0,6 mol
2x +2y = 0,6 (2)
T cc phng trnh (1), (2) ta c : x = 0,2 ; y = 0,1
Vy %CO = 28,57%
Cu 21: Ha tan cht X vo nc thu c dung dch trong sut, ri thm tip dung dch cht Y th thu
c cht Z (lm vn c dung dch). Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. phenol, natri hiroxit, natri phenolat
B. natri phenolat, axit clohiric, phenol
C. phenylamoni clorua, axit clohiric, anilin
D. anilin, axit clohiric, phenylamoni clorua
Cu 22: Cho 1,82 gam hn hp bt X gm Cu v Ag (t l s mol tng ng 4 : 1) vo 30 ml dung dch
gm H2SO4 0,5M v HNO3 2M, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c a mol kh NO (sn phm

kh duy nht ca N+5). Trn a mol NO trn vi 0,1 mol O2 thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho ton b Y tc
dng vi H2O, thu c 150 ml dung dch c pH = z. Gi tr ca z l:
A. 1
B. 3
C. 2
D. 4
nCu = 0,02 ; nAg =0,005 Tng s mol e cho ti a = 0,02.2 +0,005.1 = 0,45
+
nH = 0,09 mol; nNO3 = 0,06 (d)
+
4H +NO3 + 3e NO + 2H2O
0,06
0,045 0,015
Ag, Cu phn ng ht.
2NO + O2 2NO2
0,015
0,0075 0,015
4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3
0,015
0,015
Nng mol HNO3 =0,015:0,15 = 0,1M. Vy pH= 1
Cu 23: Cho cn bng ha hc sau: 2SO2 (k) + O2 (k)
2SO3 (k) ; H < 0
Cho cc bin php : (1) tng nhit , (2) tng p sut chung ca h phn ng, (3) h nhit , (4) dng
thm cht xc tc V2O5, (5) gim nng SO3, (6) gim p sut chung ca h phn ng. Nhng bin php
no lm cn bng trn chuyn dch theo chiu thun?
A. (2), (3), (4), (6)
B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (1), (2), (4), (5)
D. (2), (3), (5)
Cu 24: Cho 400 ml dung dch E gm AlCl3 x mol/lt v Al2(SO4)3 y mol/lt tc dng vi 612 ml dung
dch NaOH 1M, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 8,424 gam kt ta. Mt khc, khi cho 400 ml E
tc dng vi dung dch BaCl2 (d) th thu c 33,552 gam kt ta. T l x : y l
A. 4 : 3
B. 3 : 4
C. 7 : 4
D. 3 : 2
3+
S mol Al = 0,4x +0,8y; nSO4 = 1,2 y mol
2S mol BaSO4 =0,144 mol = nSO4 =1,2y y= 0,12
nOH =0,612 mol; nAl(OH)3 = 0,108 mol nOH trong kt ta =0,324 < 0,612 s mol OH
trong Al(OH)4 =0,288 mol 0,4x +0,8y=0,108 + (0,288:4) x= 0,21 x:y=7:4
Cu 25: Hn hp X gm O2 v O3 c t khi so vi H2 l 22 . Hn hp kh Y gm metylamin v etylamin
c t khi so vi H2 l 17,833. t chy hon ton V1 lt Y cn va V2 lt X (bit sn phm chy
gm CO2, H2O v N2, cc cht kh khi o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). T l V1 : V2 l:
A. 3 : 5
B. 5 : 3
C. 2 : 1
D. 1 : 2
t CTPT trung bnh ca 2 amin l CnH2n +3N n =4/3
Quy i O3, O2 thnh O , m(O3, O2) =mO
2CnH2n +3N 2nCO2 + (2n+3)H2O
Mol :
1
n
(2n+3)/2
nO =2n+(2n+3)/2 =5,5 mol m(O3, O2) =mO=88gam n(O3, O2)= 88:44=2
Vy V1 :V2 = 1:2
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc Y v Z (bit phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca Z). Cho 1,89
gam X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c
18,36 gam Ag v dung dch E. Cho ton b E tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c 0,784 lt CO 2
(ktc). Tn ca Z l:
A. anehit propionic B. anehit butiric
C. anehit axetic
D. anehit acrylic
V cho HCl vo dung dch sau phn ng trng gng c CO 2 chng t trong dung dch
c(NH4)2 CO 3 . Vy trong hn hp anehit ban u c HCHO
HCHO 4Ag + (NH4)2 CO 3 CO 2
0,035 0,14

0,035
RCHO 2Ag

0,015 0,03
T s phn ng v gi thit ta suy ra :

(R+29).0,015 + 0,035.30 = 1,89 R = 27 (C2H3

Cu 27: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X bt k, nu thu c s mol CO 2 bng s mol H2O th X
l anken.
(b) Trong thnh phn hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon.
(c) Lin kt ha hc ch yu trong hp cht hu c l lin kt cng ha tr.
(d) Nhng hp cht hu c khc nhau c cng phn t khi l ng phn ca nhau
(e) Phn ng hu c thng xy ra nhanh v khng theo mt hng nht nh
(g) Hp cht C9H14BrCl c vng benzen trong phn t
S pht biu ng l
A. 4
B. 3
C. 2
D. 5
Cu 28: Ancol v amin no sau y cng bc?
A. (C6H5)2NH v C6H5CH2OH
B. C6H5NHCH3 v C6H5CH(OH)CH3
C. (CH3)3COH v (CH3)3CNH2
D. (CH3)2CHOH v (CH3)2CHNH2
37
35
Cu 29: Trong t nhin clo c hai ng v bn: 17 Cl chim 24,23% tng s nguyn t, cn li l 17 Cl .
37

Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca 17 Cl trong HClO4 l:

A. 8,92%
B. 8,43%
C. 8,56%

D. 8,79%

35

%
KLNT trung bnh ca Cl gn bng s khi TB =
17 Cl = 100-24,23= 75,77%
0.7577.35+0,2424.37= 35,4846
37

Gi s c 1mol HClO4 n 17Cl =0,2423 mol

37
% v khi lng ca 17Cl trong HClO4 = 0, 2423.37/ (1 + 35, 4846 + 16.4) 100% = 8, 92%
Cu 30: Dy gm cc cht (hoc dung dch) u phn ng c vi dung dch FeCl2 l:
A. Bt Mg, dung dch NaNO3, dung dch HCL B. Bt Mg, dung dch BaCl2, dung dch HNO3
C. Kh Cl2, dung dch Na2CO3, dung dch HCL D. Kh Cl2, dung dch Na2S, dung dch HNO3
Cu 31: Chia hn hp gm hai n chc X v Y (phn t khi ca X nh hn ca Y) l ng ng k
tip thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- t chy hon ton phn 1 thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc) v 6,3 gam H2O.
- un nng phn 2 vi H2SO4 c 1400C to thnh 1,25 gam hn hp ba ete. Ha hi hon ton hn
hp ba ete trn, thu c th tch ca 0,42 gam N2 (trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut).
Hiu sut ca phn ng to ete ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. 30% v 30%
B. 25% v 35%
C. 40% v 20%
D. 20% v 40%
P1 :nCO 2 = 0,25 ; nH2O = 0,35 Hai ancol ban u l no, n chc. nCnH2 n+1OH = 0,1
mol
S C TB l 2,5 Hai ancol l C2H5OH v C3H7OH, mi cht c 0,05 mol.
P2: nCmH2m+2O (ete) = 0,015 mol =nH2O, n2ancol p = 0,03 n2ancol d = 0,07
m2ancol d = tng m2ancol m2ancol p ete ha = 0,05.46+0,05.60- mete - mH2O =3,78 gam
46a + 60b = 3,78
a = 0,03

a + b = 0,07
b = 0,04
Hiu sut este ha ca X v Y l 40% v 20%
Cu 32: Thc hin cc phn ng nhit nhm hn hp gm m gam Al v 4,56 gam Cr 2O3 (trong iu kin
khng c O2), sau khi phn ng kt thc, thu c hn hp X. Cho ton b X vo mt lng d dung
dch HCl (long, nng), sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 2,016 lt H 2 (ktc). Cn nu cho
ton b X vo mt lng d dung dch NaOH (c, nng), sau khi phn ng kt thc th s mol NaOH
phn ng l:
A. 0,06 mol
B. 0,14 mol
C. 0,08 mol
D. 0,16 mol
Gi s phn ng xy ra va th nCr = 0,06 = nH2 gii phng, nhng nH2 gii phng =0,09
suy ra nhm d.

p dng bo ton electron:

Khi nhn phn ng vi Cr2O3 : 3.nAl phn ng = 2.3nC r2O3 nAl p = 0,06 mol
Khi nhm d v Al2O3 phn ng vi HCl : 3nAl d + 2nCr = 2nH2 nAl d = 0,02 mol
Vy tng s mol Al l 0,08 mol. Sau tt c cc phn ng Al chuyn thnh NaAlO2 nn suy ra
nNaOH = 0,08 mol.
Cu 33: Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc) vo 100 ml dung dch gm K2CO3 0,2M v KOH x
mol/lt , sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung
dch BaCl2 (d), thu c 11,82 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 1,0
B2 . 1,4
C. 1,2
D. 1,6

Nhn thy nCO2 + nCO 3 ban u = nHC O 3 + nBaC O3 nHCO 3 = 0,06 mol
2CO 2 +2OH CO3 ;
CO2 + OH HCO3
mol: 0,04 0,08
0,06 0,06 0,06
-

Vy nOH = 0,14 mol. Vy x = 0,14:0,1 = 1,4M

Cu 34: Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. phn bit benzen, toluen v stiren ( iu kin thng) bng phng php ha hc, ch cn
dng thuc th l nc brom.
B. Tt c cc este u tan tt trong nc, khng c, c dng lm cht to hng trong cng nghip
thc phm, m phm.
C. Phn ng gia axit axetic vi ancol benzylic ( iu kin thch hp), to thnh benzyl axetat c mi
thm ca chui chn.
D. Trong phn ng este ha gia CH3COOH vi CH3OH, H2O to nn t -OH trong nhm
-COOH ca axit v H trong nhm -OH ca ancol.
Cu 35: Cho cc t sau: t xenluloz axetat, t capron, t nitron, t visco, t nilon-6,6. C bao nhiu t
thuc loi t poliamit?
A. 2
B. 1
C. 4
D. 3
Cu 36: Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:
(a) Glucoz v saccaroz u l cht rn c v ngt, d tan trong nc.
(b) Tinh bt v xenluloz u l polisaccarit
(c) Trong dung dch, glucoz v saccaroz u ha tan Cu(OH)2, to phc mu xanh lam.
(d) Khi thy phn hon ton hn hp gm tinh bt v saccaroz trong mi trng axit, ch thu c
mt loi monosaccarit duy nht.
(e) Khi un nng glucoz (hoc fructoz) vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 thu c Ag.
(g) Glucoz v saccaroz u tc dng vi H2 (xc tc Ni, un nng) to sobitol.
S pht biu ng l:
A. 6
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 37: Cho ba dung dch c cng nng mol : (1) H 2NCH2COOH, (2) CH3COOH, (3) CH3CH2NH2.
Dy xp theo th t pH tng dn l:
A. (3), (1), (2)
B. (1), (2), (3)
C. (2) , (3) , (1)
D. (2), (1), (3)
Cu 38: Hn hp X gm vinyl axetat, metyl axetat v etyl fomat. t chy hon ton 3,08 gam X, thu
c 2,16 gam H2O. Phn trm s mol ca vinyl axetat trong X l:
A. 25%
B. 27,92%
C. 72,08%
D. 75%
X + O2 3 H2O s mol X = 1/3 s mol H2O = 0,04 mol
gi s mol vinyl axetat l a; tng s mol metyl axetat v etyl fomat ( 2 cht ng phn) l b
a + b = 0,04
a = 0,01

86a + 74b = 3,08

Cu 39: Hn hp M gm mt anehit v mt ankin (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton x
mol hn hp M, thu c 3x mol CO2 v 1,8x mol H2O. Phn trm s mol ca anehit trong hn hp M
l:

A. 20%
B. 50%
C. 40%
D. 30%
S C trung bnh = 3x:x = 3 Ankin l C3H4
S H trung bnh = 1,8x.2: x = 3,6 Anehit c s H nh hn 3,6 v v sH trong anehit phi chn
nn suy ra anehit co 2H. Vy anehit c CTPT l C3H2O (CH C CHO)
p dng s dng cho ta c
Cu 40: Cho dy cc cht: SiO2, Cr(OH)3, CrO3, Zn(OH)2, NaHCO3, Al2O3. S cht trong dy tc dng
c vi dung dch NaOH( c, nng) l
A. 6
B. 3
C. 5
D. 4
PHN RING (10 cu)
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: S ng phn cu to ca C5H10 phn ng c vi dung dch brom l:
A. 8
B. 9
C. 5
D. 7
Ba ng phn xicloankan v 5 ng phn anken
Cu 42: X l hn hp gm H2 v hi ca hai anehit (no, n chc, mch h, phn t u c s nguyn
t C nh hn 4), c t khi so vi heli l 4,7. un nng 2 mol X (xc tc Ni), c hn hp Y c t khi
hi so vi heli l 9,4. Thu ly ton b cc ancol trong Y ri cho tc dng vi Na (d), c V lt H 2
(ktc). Gi tr ln nht ca V l
A. 22,4
B. 5,6
C. 11,2
D. 13,44
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c :
mX = mY nX.MX = nY.MY nX : nY = MY:MX=2:1
Vy s mol H2 phn ng = 2-1 =1 mol
Na
- CHO + H2 - CH2OH +

H2
1 mol
0,5 mol
Cu 43: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Nhm l kim loi dn in tt hn vng.
B. Ch (Pb) c ng dng ch to thit b ngn cn tia phng x.
C. Trong y hc, ZnO c dng lm thuc gim au dy thn kinh, cha bnh eczema, bnh nga
D. Thic c th dng ph ln b mt ca st chng g.
Cu 44: Cht hu c X mch h c dng H2N-R-COOR' (R, R' l cc gc hirocacbon), phn trm khi
lng nit trong X l 15,73%. Cho m gam X phn ng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH, ton b lng
ancol sinh ra cho tc dng ht vi CuO (un nng) c anehit Y (ancol ch b oxi ha thnh anehit).
Cho ton b Y tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3, thu c 12,96 gam Ag kt ta.
Gi tr ca m l:
A. 2,67
B. 4,45
C. 5,34
D. 3,56
T gi thit suy ra mX =100.14/15,73=89 suy ra X l H2NCH 2COOC H3
H2NCH2COOCH 3 CH 3OH HCHO 4Ag
Suy ra nH2NCH 2COOC H3= nHCHO = nAg =0,03
m =0,03.89=2,67 gam
Cu 45: Cho dy cc cht sau: Al, NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3, NH4Cl, Al2O3, Zn, K2CO3, K2SO4. C bao nhiu
cht trong dy va tc dng c vi dung dch HCl, va tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
Cu 46: Cho m gam bt Zn vo 500 ml dung dch Fe2(SO4)3 0,24M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, khi lng dung dch tng thm 9,6 gam so vi khi lng dung dch ban u. Gi tr ca m l
A.32,50
B. 20,80
C. 29,25
D. 48,75
3+
2+
2+
2Fe
+ Zn 2Fe
+ Zn
0,24 0,12
2+
Fe
+ Zn

0,24
0,12
2+
Fe + Zn

x
x
x
x
V trc v sau phn ng tng khi lng khng i nn sau phn ng khi lng dung dch tng
9,6 gam th khi lng kim loi gim 9,6 gam = mZn phn ng - mFe sinh ra = (0,12+x)65 56x =
9,6 x= 0,2
Vy mZn =(0,2 + 0,12)65 = 20,8 gam
Cu 47: Nhit phn mt lng AgNO3 c cht rn X v hn hp kh Y. Dn ton b Y vo mt lng
d H2O, thu c dung dch Z. Cho ton b X vo Z, X ch tan mt phn v thot ra kh NO (sn phm
kh duy nht). Bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Phn trm khi lng ca X phn ng l
A.25%
B. 60%
C. 70%
D. 75%
2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2
x
x
x
0,5x
4NO2 + O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3
x
0,025x
x
3Ag + 4HNO3 3AgNO3 + NO + 2H2O
0,75x x
Phn trm khi lng Ag phn ng l 0,75x:x = 75%
Cu 48: Cho butan qua xc tc ( nhit cao) thu c hn hp X gm C 4H10, C4H8, C4H6, H2. T khi
ca X so vi butan l 0,4. Nu cho 0,6 mol X vo dung dch brom (d) th s mol brom ti a phn ng l
A. 0,48 mol
B. 0,36 mol
C. 0,60 mol
D. 0,24 mol
mC4H10 = mX nC 4H10.MC4H10 = nX.MX nC 4H10 : nX = MX:MC4H10=0,4:1
nC4H10=0,24. S mol kh tng l 0,6 0,24 = 0,36. Suy ra s mol Br2 tham gia phn ng =
s mol kh tng ln = 0,36 mol ( c hnh dung l ch c phn ng t C4H10 thnh C4H8 +H2 d)
Cu 49: Trong qu gc chn rt giu hm lng:
A.ete ca vitamin A B. este ca vitamin A
C. -caroten
D. vitamin A
Cu 50: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Anehit va c tnh oxi ha va c tnh kh
(b) Phenol tham gia phn ng th brom kh hn benzen
(c) Anehit tc dng vi H2 (d) c xc tc Ni un nng, thu c ancol bc mt
(d) Dung dch axit axetic tc dng c vi Cu(OH)2
(e) Dung dch phenol trong nc lm qu tm ha
(f) Trong cng nghip, axeton c sn xut t cumen
S pht biu ng l
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51:Pht biu khng ng l
A.Etylamin tc dng vi axit nitr nhit thng to ra etanol
B.Protein l nhng polopeptit cao phn t c phn t khi t vi chc nghn n vi chc triu
C.Metylamin tan trong nc cho dung dch c mi trng baz
D.ipeptit glyxylalanin (mch h) c 2 lin kt peptit
Cu 52: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(a) Nhit phn AgNO3
(c) Nhit phn KNO3
(e) Cho Fe vo dung dch CuSO4
(h) Nung Ag2S trong khng kh

(b) Nung FeS2 trong khng kh

(d) Cho dung dch CuSO4 vo dung dch NH3 (d)
(g) Cho Zn vo dung dch FeCl3 (d)
(i) Cho Ba vo dung dch CuSO4 (d)

S th nghim thu c kim loi sau khi cc phn ng kt thc l

A. 3
B. 5
C. 2
D. 4
Cu 53: Ha tan 25 gam hn hp X gm FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 vo nc, thu c 150 ml dung dch Y.
Thm H2SO4 (d) vo 20ml dung dch Y ri chun ton b dung dch ny bng dung dch KMnO 4
0,1M th dng ht 30 ml dung dch chun. Phn trm khi lng FeSO4 trong hn hp X l
A.13,68%
B. 68,4%
C. 9,12%
D. 31,6%
s mol KMnO4: 0,03 x 0,1 = 0,003 mol
Mn+7 + 5 e Mn+2
Fe+2 -1e Fe+3
0,003

0,015 0,015

0,015 mol

s mol FeSO4 trong 150 ml dd Y: 0,015 x 150/20 = 0,1125 mol

% m FeSO4 = 0,1125 x 152/25 x100% = 68,4%
Cu 54: Cho s phn ng:
+H2O

+HCN

(1)CH3CHO
(2)C2H5Br

X1
+ Mg
ete

Y1

H+ , to
+ CO2

X2
Y2 Y3

+ HCl

Cc cht hu c X1, X2, Y1, Y2, Y3 l cc sn phm chnh. Hai cht X2, Y3 ln lt l
A. axit 3-hirxipropanoic v ancol propylic.
B. axit axetic v ancol propylic.
C. axit 2-hirxipropanoic v axit propanoic.
D. axit axetic v axit propanoic.
Cu 55: Hn hp X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, mch h Y v Z (phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca Z).
t chy hon ton a mol X, sau phn ng thu c a mol H 2O. Mt khc, nu a mol X tc dng vi
lng d dung dch NaHCO3, th thu c 1,6a mol CO2. Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca Y trong X
l
A. 46,67%
B. 40,00%
C. 25,41%
D. 74,59%
s nguyn t H trong axit l s chn m a mol X khi chy to a mol H 2O chng t trong cc cht Y, Z
mi phn t ch c 2 nguyn t H: Y l HCOOH, Z l: HOOC COOH
nZ = 1,6a a = 0,6a; nY = 0,4a
%mY = (46 x 0,4a)/ ( 46 x 0,4a + 90 x 0,6a) = 25,41%
Cu 56: Cho 5,6 gam CO v 5,4 gam H2O vo mt bnh kn dung tch khng i 10 lt. Nung nng bnh
mt thi gian 8300C h t n trng thi cn bng: CO (k) + H2O (k)
CO2 (k) + H2 (k) (hng s cn
bng Kc = 1). Nng cn bng ca CO, H2O ln lt l
A. 0,018M v 0,008 M
B. 0,012M v 0,024M
C. 0,08M v 0,18M
D. 0,008M v 0,018M
CO (k) + H2O (k) CO2 (k) + H2 (k)
ban u
0,2
0,3
p
x
x
cn bng
0,2 x
0,3 x
x
x
[ CO2 ][ H 2 ] =
x.x
Kc =
=1
[ CO ][ H 2 O ] (0,2 x).(0,3 x) x = 0,12
nCO = 0,08
CM CO = 0,08/10 = 0,008M
n H2O = 0,18 CM H2O = 0,18/10 = 0,018M
Cu 57: Thy phn hn hp gm 0,02 mol saccaroz v 0,01 mol mantoz mt thi gian thu c dung
dch X (hiu sut phn ng thy phn mi cht u l 75%). Khi cho ton b X tc dng vi mt lng
d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th lng Ag thu c l
A.0,090 mol
B. 0,095 mol
C. 0,12 mol
D. 0,06 mol
Saccarozo + H2O
glucozo + fructozo
0,02 . 75%
0,015
0,015
Mantozo + H2O 2 glucozo
0,01 . 75%
0,015

Glucozo 2 Ag;
fructozo 2 Ag;
Mantozo 2 Ag
0,03
0,06
0,015
0,03
0,0025
0,005
Cu 58: Cho m gam bt Cu vo 400 ml dung dch AgNO3 0,2M, sau mt thi gian phn ng thu c
7,76 gam hn hp cht rn X v dung dch Y. Lc tch X, ri thm 5,85 gam bt Zn vo Y, sau khi phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c 10,53 gam cht rn Z. Gi tr ca m l
A.3,84
B. 6,40
C. 5,12
D. 5,76
Cu 59: Trong qu trnh hot ng ca pin in ha Zn Cu th
A. khi lng ca in cc Zn tng
B. nng ca ion Cu2+ trong dung dch tng
2+
C. nng ca ion Zn trong dung dch tng
D. khi lng ca in cc Cu gim
Cu 60: Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) C th dng nc brom phn bit glucoz v fructoz
(b) Trong mi trng axit, glucoz v fructoz c th chuyn ha ln nhau
(c) C th phn bit glucoz v fructoz bng phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
(d) Trong dung dch, glucoz v fructoz u ha tan Cu(OH)2 nhit thng cho dung
dch mu xanh lam
(e)Trong dung dch, fructoz tn ti ch yu dng mch h
(f) Trong dung dch, glucoz tn ti ch yu dng mch vng 6 cnh (dng v )

A.5

S pht biu ng l
B. 3

C. 2

D. 4

II: GII CHI TIT THI TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG NM 2011
Mn thi : HA, khi A - M : 482
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : t chy hon ton 3,42 gam hn hp gm axit acrylic, vinyl axetat, metyl acrylat v
axit oleic, ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d). Sau phn ng thu
c 18 gam kt ta v dung dch X. Khi lng X so vi khi lng dung dch Ca(OH)2 ban
u thay i nh th no?
A. Tng 2,70 gam. B. Gim 7,74 gam.
C. Tng 7,92 gam. D. Gim 7,38 gam.
Hng dn:
Gi cng thc chung ca cc cht l CnH2n-2O2
CnH2n-2O2 + O2 nCO2 + (n-1)H2O
T pt chy ta thy nCnH2n-2O2 = nCO2 nH2O
nCO2 = nCaCO3 = 18/100 = 0,18
gi nH2O =a n CnH2n-2O2 = 0,18 a.; gi s mol O2 l y
+ Bo ton nguyn t O : (0,18 a)2 + 2y = 0,18.2 + a -3a + 2y = 0 (1)
+ Bo ton khi lng : 3,42 + 32y = 0,18.44 + 18a -18a + 32y = 4,5 (2)
(1)v(2) a = 0,15
m(CO2 + H2O) = 0,18.44 + 0,15.18 = 10,62
Khi lng dung dch gim = 18 10,62 = 7,38gam.
Cu 2: Cho axit salixylic (axit o-hiroxibenzoic) phn ng vi anhirit axetic, thu c axit
axetylsalixylic (o-CH3COO-C6H4-COOH) dng lm thuc cm (aspirin). phn ng hon ton
vi 43,2 gam axit axetylsalixylic cn va V lt dung dch KOH 1M. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,72.
B. 0,48.
C. 0,96.
D. 0,24.

Hng dn:
o-CH3COO-C6H4-COOH + 3NaOH CH3COONa + o-NaO-C6H4-COONa + 2H2O.
-------------0,24-------------------0,72
Cu 3: Ha tan 13,68 gam mui MSO4 vo nc c dung dch X. in phn X (vi in cc
tr, cng dng in khng i) trong thi gian t giy, c y gam kim loi M duy nht
catot v 0,035 mol kh anot. Cn nu thi gian in phn l 2t giy th tng s mol kh thu c
c hai in cc l 0,1245 mol. Gi tr ca y l
A. 4,480.
B. 3,920.
C. 1,680.
D. 4,788.
Hng dn:
in phn trong thi gian t giy thu c 0,035 mol kh vy 2t giy ta s thu c 0,035.2=0,07
mol kh, nhng thc t ta thu c 0,1245 mol kh, s chnh lch s mol l do in phn nc
to kh H2
nH2 = 0,1245 0,07 = 0,0545
H2O H2 + 1/2O2
0,0545----0,02725
nO2 to ra do mui in phn = 0,07 0,02725 = 0,04275
MSO4 + H2O M + H2SO4 + 1/2O2
0,0855-----------------------------------0,04275
M mui = 13,68/0,0855 = 160 M = 64
m Cu tnh theo t giy l mCu = 2.0.035.64 = 4,480 gam
Cu 4: Cho dy cc cht: NaOH, Sn(OH)2, Pb(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Cr(OH)3. S cht trong dy c
tnh cht lng tnh l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Hng dn:
Cht lng tnh:
+ L oxit v hidroxit ca cc kim loi Al, Zn, Sn, Pb; Cr(OH)3 v Cr2O3.
+ L cc ion m cn cha H c kh nng phn li ra ion H + ca cc cht in li trung bnh v yu (
HCO3-, HPO42-, HS-)
( ch : HSO4- c tnh axit do y l cht in li mnh)
+ L mui cha cc ion lng tnh; mui to bi hai ion, mt ion c tnh axit v mt ion c tnh
baz ( (NH4)2CO3)
+ L cc amino axit,
Cu 5: Khi ni v peptit v protein, pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Lin kt ca nhm CO vi nhm NH gia hai n v -amino axit c gi l lin kt
peptit.
B. Tt c cc protein u tan trong nc to thnh dung dch keo.
C. Protein c phn ng mu biure vi Cu(OH)2.
D. Thy phn hon ton protein n gin thu c cc -amino axit.
Hng dn:
Protein tn ti hai dng chnh: dng hnh si v dng hnh cu. Dng protein hnh si nh
keratin ca tc, mng, sng hon ton khng tan trong nc, dng protein hnh cu nh
anbumin ca lng trng trng, hemoglobin ca mu tan c trong nc to dung dch keo.
Cu 6: Pht biu no sau y l sai?
A. Bn knh nguyn t ca clo ln hn bn knh nguyn t ca flo.

B. m in ca brom ln hn m in ca iot.
C. Tnh axit ca HF mnh hn tnh axit ca HCl.
D. Tnh kh ca ion Br- ln hn tnh kh ca ion Cl-.
Hng dn:
Nh chng ta bit cc axit halogenic th tnh axit c sp xp theo chiu HF < HCl < HBr <
HI.
Cu 7: t chy hon ton x mol axit cacboxylic E, thu c y mol CO2 v z mol H2O (vi z = y
x). Cho x mol E tc dng vi NaHCO3 (d) thu c y mol CO2. Tn ca E l
A. axit acrylic.
B. axit oxalic.
C. axit aipic.
D. axit fomic.
Hng dn:
S C trung bnh = nCO2/naxit = y/x
S nhm COOH = nCO2/naxit = y/x
Cht c s C = s nhm chc ( loi A, C)
Axit fomic chy c nCO2 = nH2O (loi) chn B
Cu 8: Phn chua c dng trong ngnh cng nghip thuc da, cng nghip giy, cht cm mu
trong ngnh nhum vi, cht lm trong nc. Cng thc ha hc ca phn chua l
A. Li2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O.
B. K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O.
C. (NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O.
D. (NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O.
Hng dn:
K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O gi l phn chua cn Li2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O; (NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O; .
(NH4)2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O c gi chung l phn nhm
Cu 9: Sn phm hu c ca phn ng no sau y khng dng ch to t tng hp?
A. Trng hp vinyl xianua.
B. Trng ngng axit -aminocaproic.
C. Trng hp metyl metacrylat.
D. Trng ngng hexametyleniamin vi axit
aipic.
Hng dn:
T tng hp (ch to t cc polime tng hp ) nh cc t poliamit (nilon, capron) , t vinylic
( vinilon).
Cn sn phm trng hp metyl metacrylat dng lm cht do.
Cu 10: Este X c to thnh t etylen glicol v hai axit cacboxylic n chc. Trong phn t
este, s nguyn t cacbon nhiu hn s nguyn t oxi l 1. Khi cho m gam X tc dng vi dung
dch NaOH (d) th lng NaOH phn ng l 10 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 14,5.
B. 17,5.
C. 15,5.
D. 16,5.
Hng dn:
Este c dng
RCOO-CH2
RCOO-CH2
S nguyn t O = 4 s nguyn t C = 5
Vy R = 1 v R = 15
nNaOH = 10/40 = 0,25 n este = .0,25 = 0,125
m = 0,125.132 = 16,5 gam
Cu 11: un nng m gam hn hp Cu v Fe c t l khi lng tng ng 7 : 3 vi mt lng
dung dch HNO3. Khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 0,75m gam cht rn, dung dch X v 5,6 lt

hn hp kh (ktc) gm NO v NO2 (khng c sn phm kh khc ca N+5). Bit lng HNO3

phn ng l 44,1 gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 44,8.
B. 40,5.
C. 33,6.
D. 50,4.
Hng dn:
khi lng Fe = 0,3m gam v khi lng Cu = 0,7m gam
Sau phn ng cn 0,75m gam Fe ch phn ng 0,25m gam; Fe d vy sau phn ng ch thu
c mui Fe2+
nHNO3 = 0,7 ; n(NO + NO2) = 0,25
Fe(NO3)2 = 0,25m/56
p dng bo ton nguyn t N : nN/mui = nN/axit nN/kh
2(0,25m/56) = 0,7 0,25
Vy m = 50,4 gam
Cu 12: Cho dy cc cht: phenylamoni clorua, benzyl clorua, isopropyl clorua, m-crezol, ancol
benzylic, natri phenolat, anlyl clorua. S cht trong dy tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH
long, un nng l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Hng dn:
Nhng cht tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long l : phenylamoni clorua, benzyl clorua,
isopropyl clorua , m-crezol, anlyl clorua.
Cu 13: Hp th hon ton 0,672 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt dung dch gm NaOH 0,025M v
Ca(OH)2 0,0125M, thu c x gam kt ta. Gi tr ca x l
A. 2,00.
B. 0,75.
C. 1,00.
D. 1,25.
Hng dn:
nCO2 = 0,03
nNaOH = 0,025 ; nCa(OH)2 = 0,0125 nOH- = 0,05
CO2 + OH- HCO30,03-----0,03------0,03
nOH- (d) = 0,05 0,03 = 0,02
HCO3- + OH- CO32- + H2O.
------------0,02----0,02
Ca2+ + CO32- CaCO3
0,0125 0,02
0,0125
m kt ta = 0,0125.100 = 1,25 gam.
Cu 14: in phn dung dch gm 7,45 gam KCl v 28,2 gam Cu(NO3)2 (in cc tr, mng
ngn xp) n kh khi lng dung dch gim i 10,75 gam th ngng in phn (gi thit lng
nc bay hi khng ng k). Tt c cc cht tan trong dung dch sau in phn l
A. KNO3 v KOH.
B. KNO3, KCl v KOH.
C KNO3 v Cu(NO3)2.
D. KNO3, HNO3 v Cu(NO3)2.
Hng dn:
nKCl = 0,1 ; nCu(NO3)2 = 0,15
2KCl + Cu(NO3)2 Cu + 2KNO3 + Cl2
0,1 ---------0,05-------0,05----------------0,05
KCl ht , Cu(NO3)2 cn = 0,15 0,05 = 0,1
Cu(NO3)2 + H2O Cu + 2HNO3 + 1/2O2
x---------------------x---------------------1/2x

m dung dch gim = khi lng ca Cu kt ta + mCl2 v O2 bay ra

(0,05 + x)64 + 0,05.71 + 1/2x.32 = 10,75 x = 0,05
Cu(NO3)2 vn cn d dung dch sau p cha KNO3; HNO3 v Cu(NO3)2.
Cu 15: Hp cht hu c X cha vng benzen c CTPT trng vi cng thc n gin nht.
Trong X, t l khi lng cc nguyn t l mC : mH : mO = 21 : 2 : 8. Bit khi X phn ng hon
ton vi Na th thu c s mol kh hir bng s mol ca X phn ng. X c bao nhiu ng
phn (cha vng benzen) tha mn cc tnh cht trn?
A. 9.
B. 3.
C. 7.
D. 10.
Hng dn:
t cng thc ca X l CxHyOz
x : y : z = mC/12 : mH : mO/16 = 21/12:2:8/16 = 7:8:2
C7H8O2 ( X p vi Na c s mol X = nH2 Trong X c 2H linh ng ) X l iphenol hoc
va l ancol va l phenol.
CH2OH

CH3

CH3

CH3
OH
Cu 16: Khi OH
so snh NH3 vi NH , pht biu khng ng l:
+
CH
CH3 B. NH3 c tnh
A. Trong NH3 v NH4+,CH
nit
3
u c s oxi ha -3.
tnh axit.
3
OHbaz,
HONH4 cOH
HO
C. Trong NH3 v NH4+OH
, nitOH
u c cng ha tr 3. OH
D. Phn t NH3 v ion NH4+ u cha l/k
CH2OH

CH2OH

+
4

HO

cng ha tr.
OH
HO
Hng dn :
NH3 c cng ha tr 3 cn NH4+ c cng ha tr 5.

OH
OH

Cu 17: t chy hon ton x gam hn hp gm hai axit cacboxylic hai chc, mch h v u c
mt lin kt i C=C trong phn t, thu c V lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v y mol H2O. Biu thc lin
h gia cc gi tr x, y v V l
A. V =

28
28
( x 30 y ) . B. V =
( x 62 y )
55
95

C. V =

28
28
( x + 30 y ) . D. V = ( x + 62 y ) .
55
95

Hng dn :
Cng thc chung ca cc axit trn l : CnH2n-4O4
CnH2n-4O4 nCO2 + (n-2)H2O
T phng trnh ta thy : naxit = (nCO2 nH2O)/2
naxit = (V/22,4 y)/2
Khi lng axit = xgam = mC/axit + mH/axit + mO/axit
x = 12V/22,4 + 2y + 64(V/22,4 y)/2
x = 44V/22,4 30y V = 28/55(x + 30y)
Cu 18: Thnh phn % khi lng ca nit trong hp cht hu c C xHyN l 23,73%. S ng
phn amin bc mt tha mn cc d kin trn l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Hng dn:
M = 14.100/23,73 = 59
C3H7NH2
C cc ng phn bc I sau: CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2 v CH3-CH(CH3)-NH2.
Cu 19: Hp cht no ca canxi c dng c tng, b bt khi gy xng?

A. Vi sng (CaO).
B. Thch cao sng (CaSO4.2H2O).
C. vi (CaCO3).
D. Thch cao nung (CaSO4.H2O).
Hng dn:
Thch cao nung thng c dng c tng, c cc mu chi tit tinh vi dng lm trang tr ni
tht, lm phn vit bng, b bt khi gy xng,
Thch cao sng dng sn xut xi mng.
Cu 20: Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt lng d dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to tha mn
tnh cht trn?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 2.
Hng dn:
nC7H8 = 0,15 = n kt ta
M kt ta = 45,9/0,15 = 306
Kt ta c dng : C7H8-xAgx 92 + 107x = 306 x = 2
Vy X phi c 2 lin kt ba u mch:
CHC-CH2-CH2-CH2-CCH
CHC-CH(CH3)-CH2-CCH
CHC-CH(C2H5)-CCH
CHC-C(CH3)(CH3)-CCH.
Cu 21: Cho 0,87 gam hh gm Fe, Cu v Al vo bnh ng 300 ml dd H 2SO4 0,1M. Sau khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,32 gam cht rn v c 448 ml kh (ktc) thot ra. Thm
tip vo bnh 0,425 gam NaNO3, khi cc phn ng kt thc th th tch kh NO (ktc, sn phm
kh duy nht) to thnh v khi lng mui trong dd l
A. 0,224 lt v 3,750 gam.
B. 0,112 lt v 3,750 gam.
C. 0,112 lt v 3,865 gam.
D. 0,224 lt v 3,865 gam.
Hng dn:
n H2SO4 = 0,03 nH+ = 0,06
n H2 = 0,448/22,4 = 0,02
n Cu = 0,32/64 = 0,005
n NaNO3 = 0,005
Fe + 2H+ Fe2+ + H2
x-----2x--------x--------x
Al + 3H+ Al3+ + 3/2H2
y-----3y---------y--------3/2y
Ta c : x + 3/2y = 0,02 (1) v 56x + 27y = 0,87 0,32 = 0,55 (2)
(1)v(2) x = 0,005 v y = 0,01
Dung dch sau p c : nFe2+ = 0,005 v nH+ cn li = 0,06 2x 3y = 0,06 2.0,005 3.0,01 =
0,02
3Fe2+ + 4H+ + NO3- 3Fe3+ + NO + 2H2O
0,005---1/150---0,005/3-------------0,005/3
n H+ cn = 0,02 1/150 = 1/75 ; n NO3- = 0,005 0,005/3 = 1/300
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
0,005---1/75----1/300 ---------------1/300
Sau phn ng H+ v NO3- ht
n NO = 0,005/3 + 1/300 = 0,005 V NO = 0,005.22,4 = 0,112 lt
m mui = m cc kim loi ban u + m SO42- + m Na+ = 0,87 + 0,03.96 + 0,005.23 = 3,865gam.

Cu 22: Dy gm cc cht u c th lm mt tnh cng tm thi ca nc l:

A. HCl, NaOH, Na2CO3
B. NaOH, Na3PO4, Na2CO3.
C. KCl, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3.
D. HCl, Ca(OH)2, Na2CO3.
Hng dn:
Nguyn tc lm mm nc cng l gim nng cc cation Ca2+, Mg2+, trong nc cng, i vi
nc cng tm thi ta c th un nng, dng mt lng va Ca(OH)2 hay dng OH-, CO32-,
PO43- kt ta cc ion Mg2+ v Ca2+. Tng t lm mm nc cng vnh cu hay ton phn
ta cng dng mui tan cha ion CO32- v PO43-.
Cu 23: Qung st manhetit c thnh phn chnh l
A. FeS2.
B. Fe3O4.
C. Fe2O3.
Hng dn:
FeS2 : pirit
Fe3O4 : manhetit
Fe2O3 : hematit
hematit nu

D. FeCO3.
FeCO3 : xierit

Fe2O3.nH2O :

Cu 24: Tin hnh cc th nghim sau:

(1) Cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch Ca(HCO3)2.
(2) Cho dung dch HCl ti d vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hoc Na[Al(OH)4]).
(3) Sc kh H2S vo dung dch FeCl2.
(4) Sc kh NH3 ti d vo dung dch AlCl3.
(5) Sc kh CO2 ti d vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hoc Na[Al(OH)4]).
(6) Sc kh etilen vo dung dch KMnO4.
Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, c bao nhiu th nghim thu c kt ta?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Hng dn:
+ Ca(HCO3)2 + NaOH CaCO3 + Na2CO3 + H2O
+ AlCl3 + NH3 + H2O Al(OH)3 + NH4Cl
+ NaAlO2 + CO2 + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3
+ C2H4 + KMnO4 + H2O C2H4(OH)2 + MnO2 + KOH.
Cu 25: Chia hn hp X gm K, Al v Fe thnh hai phn bng nhau.
- Cho phn 1 vo dung dch KOH (d) thu c 0,784 lt kh H2 (ktc).
- Cho phn 2 vo mt lng d H2O, thu c 0,448 lt kh H2 (ktc) v m gam hn hp kim
loi Y. Ha tan hon ton Y vo dung dch HCl (d) thu c 0,56 lt kh H2 (ktc).
Khi lng (tnh theo gam) ca K, Al, Fe trong mi phn hn hp X ln lt l:
A. 0,39; 0,54; 1,40. B. 0,78; 0,54; 1,12.
C. 0,39; 0,54; 0,56. D. 0,78; 1,08; 0,56.
Hng dn:
+ Phn 1: n H2 = 0,035
+Phn 2: hn hp kim loi Y l Al d v Fe
K 1/2H2
K 1/2H2
a-------1/2a
(I)
a-------1/2a
Al 3/2H2
Al 3/2H2
y--------3/2y
a--------3/2a
Ta c 1/2a + 3/2a = 0,488/22,4 a = 0,01
Th a = 0,01 vo (I) 1/2a + 3/2y = 0,035 y = 0,02
n Al trong hn hp Y = y a = 0,02 0,01 = 0,01
n H2 thu c khi Y p vi HCl = 0,56/22,4 = 0,025 mol

 Al 3/2H2
0,01------0,015
n H2 do Fe to ra = 0,025 0,015 = 0,01 = nFe
Vy khi lng mi kom loi trong mi phn l
m Al = 0,02.27 = 0,54 ; m K = 0,01.39 = 0,39 ; m Fe = 0,01.56 = 0,56
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm axit axetic, axit fomic v axit oxalic. Khi cho m gam X tc dng vi
NaHCO3 (d) th thu c 15,68 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Mt khc, t chy hon ton m gam X cn
8,96 lt kh O2 (ktc), thu c 35,2 gam CO2 v y mol H2O. Gi tr ca y l
A. 0,3.
B. 0,8.
C. 0,2.
D. 0,6.
Hng dn:
Cng thc chung ca cc axit l R(COOH)X
R(COOH)x + xNaHCO3 R(COONa)x + xCO2 + xH2O
0,7/x-----------------------------------------------0,7
n O/axit = 0,7.2 = 1,4
Axit + O2 CO2 + H2O
0,7 -----0,4-------0,8------y
Bo ton nguyn t O : 0,14 + 0,4.2 = 0,8.2 + y
y = 0,6
Cu 27: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol. Ly mt lng hh X cho qua cht xc tc
nung nng, thu c hh Y gm C2H4, C2H6, C2H2 v H2. Sc Y vo dd brom (d) th khi lng
bnh brom tng 10,8 gam v thot ra 4,48 lt hh kh (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 8. Th tch O2
(ktc) cn t chy hon ton hn hp Y l
A. 22,4 lt.
B. 44,8 lt.
C. 26,88 lt.
D. 33,6 lt.
Hng dn:
nC2H2 = nH2 = a
mX = mY = 10,8 + 0,2.16 = 14gam
28a = 14 a = 14/28 = 0,5
( bo ton nguyn t C v H) t chy Y cng nh t chy X nO2 = 0,5.2 + 0,5 = 0,15
V O2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 lt.
Cu 28: Trung ha 3,88 gam hh X gm hai axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h bng dd
NaOH, c cn ton b dd sau phn ng thu c 5,2 gam mui khan. Nu t chy hon ton
3,88 gam X th th tch oxi (ktc) cn dng l
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 1,12 lt.
Hng dn:
n axit = (m mui m axit)/22 = (5,2 3,88)/22 = 0,06
M axit = 3,88/0,06 = 194/3
CnH2nO2 = 194/3 n = 7/3
C7/3H14/3O2 + 5/2 O2 7/3CO2 + 7/3H2O.
0,06----------0,15
V O2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 lt.
Cu 29: Xenluloz trinitrat c iu ch t phn ng gia axit nictric vi xenluloz (hiu sut
phn ng 60% tnh theo xenluloz). Nu dng 2 tn xenluloz th khi lng xenluloz trinitrat
iu ch c l
A. 2,97 tn.
B. 3,67 tn.
C. 2,20 tn.
D. 1,10 tn.
Hng dn:

[C6H7O2(OH)3] + 3HNO3 [C6H7O2(ONO2)3] + 3H2O

2/162--------------------------------2/162.60%
m = 2/162 . 60%. 297 = 2,2 tn.
Cu 30: t chy hon ton anehit X, thu c th tch kh CO 2 bng th tch hi nc (trong
cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho 0,01 mol X t/d vi mt lng d dd AgNO3 trong NH3
th thu c 0,04 mol Ag. X l
A. anehit fomic.
B. anehit no, mch h, hai chc.
C. anehit axetic.
D. anehit khng no, mch h, hai chc.
Hng dn:
Andehit t chy c n CO2 = n H2O andehit no, n
nAg to ra / n andehit = 0,04/0,01 = 4 HCHO.
Cu 31: Thy phn ht m gam tetrapeptit Ala-Ala-Ala-Ala (mch h) thu c hn hp gm
28,48 gam Ala, 32 gam Ala-Ala v 27,72 gam Ala-Ala-Ala. Gi tr ca m l
A. 90,6.
B. 111,74.
C. 81,54.
D. 66,44.
Hng dn:
nAla = 0,32 ; nAla-Ala = 0,2 ; nAla-Ala-Ala = 0,12
nAla-Ala-Ala-Ala = (0,32 + 0,2.2 + 0,12.3)/ 4 = 0,27
m = (89.4 18.3).0,27 = 81,54 gam.
Cu 32: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm C2H2, C3H4 v C4H4 (s mol mi cht bng nhau)
thu c 0,09 mol CO2. Nu ly cng mt lng hn hp X nh trn tc dng vi mt lng d
dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, th khi lng kt ta thu c ln hn 4 gam. Cng thc cu to
ca C3H4 v C4H4 trong X ln lt l:
A. CH C-CH3, CH2=CH-C CH.
B. CH C-CH3, CH2=C=C=CH2.
C. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=C=C=CH2.
D. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=CH-C CH.
Hng dn:
nC2H2 = nC3H4 = nC4H4 = 0,09/(2+3+4) = 0,01
CHCH CAgCAg m = 0,01.240 = 2,4 gam
m kt ta cn li > 4 2,4 = 1,6 gam
Nu C4H4 to kt ta C4H3Ag th m = 0,01.159 = 1,59 < 1,6 C3H4 cng phi to kt ta vi
AgNO3.
Vy cc cht phi c lin kt u mch.
Cu 33: S ng phn amino axit c cng thc phn t C3H7O2N l
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 1.
Hng dn:
H2N CH2- CH2 - COOH v H2N CH(CH3) COOH.
Cu 34: Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm3. Gi thit rng, trong tinh th canxi
cc ngt l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh
nguyn t canxi tnh theo l thuyt l
A. 0,155nm.
B. 0,185 nm.
C. 0,196 nm.
D. 0,168 nm.
Hng dn:
+ Th tch 1 mol tinh th Ca : V = 40/1,55 = 25,81 cm3
+ Th tch 1 mol nguyn t Ca : V = 25,81.74% = 19,1 cm3
+ Th tch 1 nguyn t Fe : V = 19,1/(6,02.1023) = 3,17.10-23

p dng cng thc : V = 4.R3/3 R = 3( 3V/4 .) = 1,96.10-8 cm = 0,196 nm

Cu 35: Cho 7,68 gam Cu vo 200 ml dd gm HNO 3 0,6M v H2SO4 0,5M. Sau khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton (sn phm kh duy nht l NO), c cn cn thn ton b dd sau P th khi
lng mui khan thu c l
A. 20,16 gam.
B. 19,76 gam.
C. 19,20 gam.
D. 22,56 gam.
Hng dn:
n Cu = 0,12 ; nHNO3 = 0,12; nH2SO4 = 0,1 nH+ = 0,32
3Cu + 8H+ + 2NO3- 3Cu2+ + 2NO + 4H2O
0,12---0,32----0,08--------0,12
Dung dch sau p c 0,12 mol Cu2+ ; 0,1 mol SO42- ; v (0,12 0,08) = 0,04 mol NO3 m mui = 0,12.64 + 0,1.96 + 0,04.62 = 19,76 gam.
Cu 36: Nung m gam hn hp X gm FeS v FeS2 trong mt bnh kn cha khng kh (gm 20%
th tch O2 v 80% th tch N2) n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c mt cht rn duy
nht v hn hp kh Y c thnh phn th tch: 84,8% N2, 14% SO2, cn li l O2. Phn trm khi
lng ca FeS trong hn hp X l
A. 42,31%.
B. 59,46%.
C. 19,64%.
D. 26,83%.
Hng dn:
2FeS + 7/2O2 Fe2O3 + 2SO2
2FeS2 + 11/2O2 Fe2O3 + 4SO2
T hai pt chy cho thy c mi mol FeS hay FeS 2 chy u lm s mol kh gim (7/2 2)/2 =
0,75 mol
Gi s ban u c 1 mol khng kh , (Ch , N2 khng tham gia vo p nN2 khng i, sau p
%N2 tng ln chng t s mol hn hp kh gim) nY = 80/84,8 = 0,9434mol
nkh gim = 1 0,9434 = 0,0566 mol nX = 0,0566/0,75 = 0,0755
nSO2= 14%.0,9434 = 0,132
Gi x l s mol FeS, y l s mol FeS2 ta gii h pt:
x + y = 0,0755 (1) v x + 2y = 0,132 x = 0,019 ; y = 0,0565
%FeS = (0,019.88)/(0,019.88 + 0,0565.120) = 19,64%
Cu 37: Cho cn bng ha hc: H2 (k) + I2 (k) 2HI (k) ; H > 0. Cn bng khng b chuyn
dch khi
A. gim p sut chung ca h.
B. gim nng HI.
C. tng nhit ca h.
D. tng nng H2.
Hng dn:
S mol kh hai v bng nhau p sut khng nh hng n cn bng.
Cu 38: Cho dy cc cht v ion : Fe, Cl2, SO2, NO2, C, Al, Mg2+, Na+, Fe2+, Fe3+. S cht v ion
va c tnh oxi ha, va c tnh kh l:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 8
Hng dn:
Cc cht va c tnh oxi ha v kh l : Cl2; SO2 ; NO2; C; Fe2+.
Cu 39: Thc hin cc th nghim sau:
(1) t dy st trong kh clo.
(2) t nng hn hp bt Fe v S (trong iu kin khng c oxi).

(3) Cho FeO vo dung dch HNO3 (long, d).

(4) Cho Fe vo dung dch Fe2(SO4)3.
(5) Cho Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 (long, d).
C bao nhiu th nghim to ra mui st (II) ?
A. 4
B. 2
C. 3
D. 1
Hng dn:
Th nghim th (1) v (3) to ra Fe3+ ; cc th nghim cn li to ra Fe2+.
Cu 40: Trong c th nghim sau :
(1) Cho SiO2 tc dng vi axit HF.
(2) Cho kh SO2 tc dng vi kh H2S.
(3) Cho kh NH3 tc dng vi CuO un nng.
(4) Cho CaOCl2 tc dng vi dung dch HCl c.
(5) Cho Si n cht tc dng vi dung dch NaOH.
(6) Cho kh O3 tc dng vi Ag.
(7) Cho dung dch NH4Cl tc dng vi dung dch NaNO2 un nng.
S th nghim to ra n cht l:
A. 4
B. 7
C. 6
D. 5
Hng dn:
+ SiO2 + HF SiF4 + H2O
+ SO2 + H2S S + H2O
+ NH3 + CuO Cu + N2 + H2O
+ CaOCl2 + HCl CaCl2 + Cl2 + H2O
+ Si + NaOH + H2O Na2SiO3 + H2
+ Ag + O3 Ag2O + O2
+ NH4Cl + NaNO2 NaCl + N2 + H2O
C 6 th nghim to ra n cht.
II. PHN RING: [10 cu]
Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu , t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Cho buta-1,3 - ien phn ng cng vi Br2 theo t l mol 1:1. S dn xut ibrom (ng
phn cu to v ng phn hnh hc) thu c l:
A. 3
B. 1
C. 2
D. 4
Hng dn:
Buta-1,3-dien phn ng cng vi Br2 cho hai sn phm cng ( sn phm cng 1,2 v sn phm
cng 1,4 ) ring sn phm cng 1,4 c thm ng phn cis trans.
( xem thm trang 167-SGK 11 nng cao)
Cu 42: Dung dch no sau y lm qu tm i thnh mu xanh?
A. Dung dch alanin B. Dung dch glyxin
C. Dung dch lysin
D. Dung dch
valin
Hng dn:
Trong phn t lysin c 2 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH c mi trng baz lm qu tm
ha xanh.
Cn cc dung dch alanin, valin, glyxin c 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH mi trng trung
tnh khng lm i mu qu
(xem thm SGK ha 12 nng cao-- trang 64).

Cu 43: Khi in phn dung dch NaCl (cc m bng st, cc dng bng than ch, c mng
ngn xp) th:
A. cc dng xy ra qu trinh oxi ha ion Na+ v cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Cl-.
B. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh H2O v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ha Cl-.
C. cc m xy ra qu trnh oxi ha H2O v cc dng x ra qu trnh kh ion Cl-.
D. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Na+ v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ha ion Cl-.
Hng dn:
Trong bnh in phn, ion Na+ tin v cc m, do ion Na+ c tnh oxi ha rt yu nn khng b
kh m nc s b kh, cn cc dng do Cl- c tnh kh mnh hn nc nn b oxi ha.
Cu 44: Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ v Cr3+ ln lt l :
A. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d3 .
B. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d14s2.
C. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d14s2.
D. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d3.
Hng dn:
Cu c s th t = 29 c 29e Cu2+ c 27e [Ar]3d9
Cr c s th t = 24 c 24e Cr3+ c 21e [Ar]3d3
( Ar c 18e)
Cu 45: Ancol etylic c iu ch t tinh bt bng phng php ln men vi hiu sut ton b
qu trnh l 90%, Hp th ton b lng CO2, sinh ra khi ln men m gam tinh bt vo nc vi
trong , thu c 330 gam kt ta v dung dch X. Bit khi lng X gim i so vi khi lng
nc vi trong ban u l 132 gam. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 405
B. 324
C. 486
D.297
Hng dn:
m CO2 = m - m dung dch gim = 330 132 = 198g
n CO2 = 198/44 = 4,5 mol
C6H10O5 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
m = 4,5/2 . 162 . 100/90 = 405 gam.
Cu 46: Ha hi 15,52 gam hn hp gm mt axit no n chc X v mt axit no a chc Y (s
mol X ln hn s mol Y), thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 5,6 gam N 2 (o cng trong
iu kin nhit , p sut). Nu t chy ton b hn hp hai axit trn th thu c 10,752 lt
CO2 (ktc) . CTCT ca X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH3-CH2-COOH v HOOC-COOH
B. CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH
C. H-COOH v HOOC-COOH
D. CH3-COOH v HOOC-CH2-COOH
Hng dn:
nN2 = nX = 5,6/28 = 0,2
nCO2 = 0,48
C trung bnh = 0,48/0,2 = 2,4 (loi C)
Dng quy tc ng cho da vo s C v C trung bnh v d kin s mol X ln hn s mol Y
X l CH3COOH
Da vo d kin s mol mi cht theo quy tc ng cho v khi lng hn hp l 15,52 gam ta
tm c Y l
HOOC-CH2-COOH
Cu 47: Nhm nhng cht kh (hoc hi) no di y u gy hiu ng nh knh khi nng
ca chng trong kh quyn vt qu tiu chun cho php?
A. N2 v CO
B. CO2 v O2
C. CH4 v H2O
D.CO2 v CH4

Hng dn:
CO2 v CH4 u gy hiu ng nh knh.
Cu 48: Cho 2,7 gam hn hp bt X gm Fe v Zn tc dng vi dung dch CuSO4. Sau mt thi
gian, thu c dung dch Y v 2,84 gam cht rn Z. Cho ton b Z vo dung dch H2SO4 (long,
d). sau khi cc phn ng kt thc th khi lng cht rn gim 0,28 gam v dung dch thu c
ch cha mt mui duy nht. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong X l:
A. 58,52%
B. 51,85%
C. 48,15%
D. 41,48%
Hng dn:
Z p vi dung dch H2SO4 long thu c mt mui duy nht Z c Fe d v Cu to ra
Vy trong Z c 0,28 gam Fe d v 2,84 0,28 = 2,56 gam Cu
m hn hp X p vi Cu2+ = 2,7 0,28 = 2,42 gam
56x + 65y = 2,42 (1) v 64x + 64y = 2,56 (2)
(1)v(2) x = 0,02 mFe(p vi Cu2+) = 0,02.56 = 1,12 m Fe ban u = 1,12 + 0,28 = 1,4
%mFe = 1,4/2,7 = 51,85%.
Cu 49: Cho hn hp X gm Fe2O3, ZnO v Cu tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d) thu c dung
dch Y v phn khng tan Z. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch NaOH (long, d) thu c kt ta:
A. Fe(OH)3 v Zn(OH)2 B. Fe(OH)2, Cu(OH)2 v Zn(OH)2 C. Fe(OH)3
D. Fe(OH)2
v Cu(OH)2
Hng dn:
Phn khng tan Z l Cu (d) dung dch Y cha cc ion Fe2+; Cu2+ v Zn2+ do lng NaOH
d kt ta Zn(OH)2 to ra b tan ht, cn li 2 kt ta Fe(OH)2 v Cu(OH)2.
Cu 50: X, Y ,Z l cc hp cht mch h, bn c cng cng thc phn t C 3H6O . X tc dng
c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Y khng tc dng vi Na nhng c phn ng trng
bc, Z khng tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3.
B. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO.
C. CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
D. CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
Hng dn:
C3H6O c th l ru khng no, andehit va xeton no
+ X tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc X l ru
+ Y khng tc dng vi Na nhng c phn ng trng bc Y l andehit
+ Z khng tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc Z l xeton.
B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Pht biu no sau y v anehit v xeton l sai?
A. Hiro xianua cng vo nhm cacbonyl to thnh sn phm khng bn.
B. Axeton khng phn ng c vi nc brom.
C. Axetanehit phn ng c vi nc brom.
D. Anehit fomic tc dng vi H2O to thnh sn phm khng bn.
Hng dn:
+ Lin kt i C=O fomandehit c phn ng cng nc nhng sn phm to ra c 2 nhm OH
cng nh vo 1 nguyn t C nn khng bn.
+ Hidro xianua cng vo nhm cacbonyl to thnh sn phm bn gi l xianohidrin.

Cu 52: Khng kh trong phng th nghim b nhim bi kh clo. kh c, c th xt vo

khng kh dd no sau y?
A. Dung dch NH3 B. Dung dch NaCl
C.Dung dch NaOH
D. Dung
dch H2SO4 long
Hng dn:
NH3 d kt hp vi Cl2 to sn phm khng c : 8NH3 + 3Cl2 6NH4Cl + N2.
Cu 53: Thy phn hon ton 60 gam hn hp hai ipetit thu c 63,6 gam hn hp X gm cc
amino axit (cc amino axit ch c mt nhm amino v mt nhm cacboxyl trong phn t). Nu
cho

1
hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), c cn cn thn dung dch, th lng mui
10

khan thu c l :
A. 7,09 gam.
B. 16,30 gam
C. 8,15 gam
D. 7,82 gam.
Hng dn:
m H2O = 63,6 60 = 3,6 n H2O = 3,6/18 = 0,2
1/10 hn hp X c 0,2/10 = 0,02 mol aminoaxit v 63,6/10 = 6,36 gam
n HCl = n aminoaxit = 0,02
m mui = m aminoaxit + m HCl = 6,36 + 0,02.36,5 = 7,09 gam.
Cu 54 : Cho s phn ng:
+HCN

trng hp

ng trng hp

CH CH
X; X
polime Y; X + CH 2=CH-CH=CH2
polime
Z
Y v Z ln lt dng ch to vt liu polime no sau y?
A.T capron v cao su buna.
B. T nilon-6,6 v cao su cloropren.
C. T olon v cao su buna-N.
D. T nitron v cao su buna-S.
Hng dn:
X = CH2=CH(CN) trng hp to poliacrilonitrin dng ch to t nitron hay cn gi l olon.
ng trng hp CH2=CH(CN) + CH2=CH-CH=CH2 ta thu c caosu buna - N
Cu 55: Ha tan hn hp bt gm m gam Cu v 4,64 gam Fe3O4 vo dung dch H2SO4 (long, rt
d) sau khi cc phn ng kt thc ch thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X lm mt mu va
100 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,1M. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 1,24
B. 3,2
C. 0,64
D.0,96
Hng dn:
n Fe3O4 = 0,02 ; n KMnO4 = 0,01
Fe3O4 + 8H+ Fe2+ + 2Fe3+ + 4H2O
0,02--------------0,02-----0,04
Cu + 2Fe3+ Cu2+ + 2Fe2+
x----------------------------2x
n Fe2+ = 0,02 + 2x
5Fe2+ + MnO4- + 8H+ 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O
0,05-------0,01
0,02 + 2x = 0,05 x = 0,015 ; Vy mCu = 0,015.64 = 0,96 gam.
Cu 56: Hin tng xy ra khi nh vi git dung dch H2SO4 vo dung dch Na2CrO4 l:
A. Dung dch chuyn t mu vng sau khng mu
B. Dung dch chuyn t mu da cam sang mu vng.

C. Dung dch chuyn t mu vng sang mu da cam.

D. Dung dch chuyn t khng mu sang mu da cam
Hng dn:
2CrO42- + 2H+ Cr2O72- + H2O
(mu vng)
( mu da cam)
Cr2O72- + 2OH- 2CrO42- + H2O
( mu da cam)
( mu vng)
Cu 57: Cho cc phn ng sau:
Fe + 2Fe(NO3)3 3Fe(NO3)2
AgNO3 + Fe(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag
Dy sp xp theo th t tng dn tnh oxi ha cc ion kim loi l:
A. Ag+, Fe2+, Fe3+
B. Fe2+, Fe3+, Ag+
C. Fe2+, Ag+, Fe3+
D. Ag+, Fe3+, Fe2+
Hng dn:
Fe3+ oxi ha Fe thnh Fe2+ Fe3+ c tnh oxi ha mnh hn Fe2+
Ag+ oxi ha c Fe2+ thnh Fe3+ Ag+ c tnh oxi ha mnh hn Fe3+
Vy : Ag+ > Fe3+ > Fe2+.
Cu 58: t chy hon ton 0,11 gam mt este X ( to nn t mt axit cacboxylic n chc v
mt ancol n chc) thu c 0,22 gam CO2 v 0,09 gam H2O. S este ng phn ca X l:
A. 2
B. 5
C. 6
D.4
Hng dn:
nCO2 = 0,005 ; nH2O = 0,005 este no, n
CnH2nO2 nCO2
0,005/n -----0,005
M = 0,11n/0,005 = 22n
14n + 32 = 22n n = 4 este C4H8O2 c 4 ng phn este.
Cu 59: Dung dch X gm CH3COOH 1M (Ka = 1,75.10-5) v HCl 0,001M . Gi tr pH ca dung
dch X l:
A. 2,43
B. 2,33
C. 1,77
D. 2,55
Hng dn:
HCl H+ + Cl10-3 -----10-3
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+
B
1
P
x-----------------x-----------x
Sp
1-x ----------------x-----------x
x(x + 10-3)/(1 x) = 1,75.10-5 x = 3,705.10-3
[H+] = 3,705.10-3 + 10-3 = 4,705.10-3
pH = -lg[H+] = 2,33

Cu 60: Cho dy chuyn ha sau

+C2H4

Benzen xt.t

+Br2, as

X
t l mol 1:1

KOH/C2H5OH

Yt

Z (trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh)

Tn gi ca Y, Z ln lt l
A. benzylbromua v toluen
B. 1-brom-1-phenyletan v stiren
C. 2-brom-1pheny1benzen v stiren
D. 1-brom-2-phenyletan v stiren.
Hng dn:
C6H6 + CH2=CH2 C6H5CH2CH3 + Br2 C6H5CHBr-CH3 + KOH/C2H5OH
C6H5CH=CH2.
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