Đồ Án Cô Đặc 3 nồi - 60602625New

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B
B Gio Dc & o To
i Hc Quc Gia Tp. H Ch Minh
Trng i Hc Bch Khoa
Khoa K Thut Ho Hc
B Mn : Qu Trnh & Thit B
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Cng Ho X Hi Ch Ngha Vit Nam
c lp T Do Hnh Phc
--------------------
n Mn Hc
QU TRNH & THIT B
H & Tn SV: CAO MINH TR
MSSV: 60602625
Lp
: HC06CHC
Ngnh
: Cng Ngh Ho Hu C
1. u n : Thit k thit b c c dung dch NaNO3 chn khng ba ni lin tc
ngc chiu.
2. Nhim v (ni dung yu cu v s liu ban u) :
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nng sut : 2000kg/h

Nng u : 15% khi lng
Nng cui :45% khi lng
Ap sut chn khng : 0,35 atm
3. Ni dung cc phn thuyt minh v tnh ton :

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Tng quan.
Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh.
Tnh ton cn bng vt cht v nng lng.
Tnh ton v thit k thit b chnh.
Tnh ton thit b ph.
Tnh ton s b gi thnh chi tit v thit b.
Kt lun.
4. Cc bn v :
Bn v chi tit thit b chnh
Bn v s qui trnh cng ngh
5. Ngy hon thnh n
: 18/01/ 2010
6. Ngy bo v v chm n
: 25/01/2010
Trang 1
: 1 bn A1
: 1 bn A1
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Ngy 18 thng 01 nm 2010
CN B HNG DN
CH NHIM B MN
NHN XT N
1. Cn b hng dn. Nhn xt: .........................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
im : __________
Ch k : __________
2. Hi ng bo v. Nhn xt: ..............................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................................................
im : __________
Ch k : __________
im tng kt : __________
Trang 2
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
LI NI U
n Qu trnh & Thit b l c hi tt cho sinh vin khoa K Thut Ho Hc nm vng
kin thc hc; tip cn vi thc t thng qua vic tnh ton, la chn quy trnh & cc thit b
vi s liu c th. y l c s sinh vin d dng nm bt cng ngh v gii quyt nhng vn
k thut tng hp mt cch nhanh chng, phc v cho cng vic sau ny.
Cng nghip ngy cng pht trin, nhu cu v ha cht ngy cng tng. Do ngnh
cng nghip ha cht c bn cng pht trin khng ngng, nhu cu v sn phm ngy cng
phong ph. Trn c s , quy trnh sn xut lun c ci tin v i mi ngy cng hon
thin hn. Vn t ra l vic s dng hiu qu nng lng cho qu trnh sn xut nhng vn
m bo nng sut.
sn xut NaNO3 dng rn hay dng dung dch c nng cao cn tiu hao nhiu nng
lng cho qu trnh c c (bc hi nc, tng nng dung dch). Vic tit kim nng lng
cho qu trnh ny c quan tm hng u. Vi mc tiu , n ny thc hin thit k h
thng c c dung dch NaNO3 ba ni ngc chiu.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy Trn Vn Ng ch dn tn tnh trong qu trnh em
thc hin n. ng thi em cng xin gi li cm n n cc thy c khc trong b mn cng
nh cc bn gip , cho em nhng kin t vn b ch trong qu trnh hon thnh n ny.
Tuy nhin do kin thc cn hn hp nn trong n cn kh nhiu thiu st, em rt mong nhn
c nhiu kin ng gp ch dn ca qu thy c v cc bn.
Trang 3
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
MC LC
u n-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Li ni u ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
Mc lc -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Chng I: Tng quan--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
I.1. Nhim v ca n ......................................................................................................... 6
I.2. Tnh cht nguyn liu ....................................................................................................... 6
I.2.1. Tnh cht vt l ca NaNO3 ................................................................................... 6
I.2.2. iu ch v ng dng ca NaNO3......................................................................... 6
I.3. Qu trnh c c ............................................................................................................... 6
I.3.1. nh ngha ............................................................................................................. 6
I.3.2. Cc phng php c c........................................................................................ 6
I.3.3. Bn cht ca s c c do nhit ............................................................................ 6
I.3.4. ng dng ca c c ............................................................................................. 7
I.4. Thit b c c .................................................................................................................. 7
I.4.1 Phn loi v ng dng ............................................................................................ 7
I.4.2 Cc thit b v chi tit trong h thng c c ......................................................... 7
Chng II: Qui trnh cng ngh-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
II.1. C s la chn qui trnh cng ngh ................................................................................ 8
II.2. Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh ................................................................................... 9
Chng III: Cn bng vt cht v cn bng nng lng ------------------------------------------- 11
III.1 D kin ban u............................................................................................................ 11
III.2 Cn bng vt cht ......................................................................................................... 11
III.2.1. Lng dung mi nguyn cht bc hi khi nng thay i ............................ 11
III.2.2. Nng cui ca dung dch trong tng ni ..................................................... 11
III.2.3. Xc nh nhit v p sut mi ni ................................................................ 12
III.2.4. Xc nh tn tht nhit ................................................................................. 13
III.2.5. Tn tht nhit do nng ................................................................................. 13
III.2.6. Tng tht nhit do p sut thu tnh.................................................................. 14
III.2.7. Tn tht nhit do ng ng gy ra .................................................................. 15
III.2.8. Tn tht nhit c h thng ............................................................................ 15
III.2.9. Chnh lch nhit hu ch ca tng ni v ca c h thng .......................... 15
III.3. Cn bng nng lng................................................................................................... 16
III.3.1. Nhit dung ring ............................................................................................... 16
III.3.2. Lp phng trnh cn bng nhit lng ............................................................ 16
Chng IV: Kch thc thit b chnh ------------------------------------------------------------------ 19
IV.1. B mt truyn nhit ca bung t ............................................................................. 19
IV.1.1. Tnh nhit lng do hi t cung cp ............................................................... 19
IV.1.2. Tnh h s truyn nhit K ca mi ni ............................................................. 19
IV.1.3. Din tch b mt truyn nhit ca mi ni ........................................................ 23
IV.2. Tnh kch thc bung t v bung bc ................................................................... 23
IV.2.1. Bung t.......................................................................................................... 23
IV.2.2. Bung bc ......................................................................................................... 25
Chng V: Tnh bn c kh cho thit b ---------------------------------------------------------------- 28
Trang 4
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
V.1. Tnh bn cho thn ......................................................................................................... 28

V.1.1. Thn bung t .................................................................................................. 28
V.1.2. Thn bung bc .................................................................................................. 32
V.2. Tnh bn cho y v np thit b .................................................................................. 37
V.2.1 Np thit b .......................................................................................................... 37
V.2.2 y thit b .......................................................................................................... 40
V.3. Tnh bch, m, bulng, v ng v tay treo ................................................................... 44
V.3.1. Tnh bch ............................................................................................................ 44
V.3.2. m .................................................................................................................... 45
V.3.3. Bulng ghp bch ............................................................................................... 45
V.3.4. V ng ................................................................................................................. 46
V.3.5. Tay treo .............................................................................................................. 47
V.3.6. Khi lng thit b ............................................................................................. 47
V.3.7. Ti trng tc dng ln 1 tay treo ........................................................................ 50
V.4. Tnh kch thc ng dn ............................................................................................... 51
V.5. Knh quan st ................................................................................................................ 51
V.6. Tng kt thit b chnh .................................................................................................. 51
Chng VI: Tnh thit b ph ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53
VI.1. Thit b ngng t Baromet .......................................................................................... 53
VI.1.1. Lng nc lnh cn ti v thit b ngng t ................................................ 53
VI.1.2. Th tch khng kh v kh khng ngng cn ht khi Baromet ....................... 53
VI.1.3. Cc kch thc ch yu ca thit b ngng t Baromet .................................... 54
VI.2. Thit b gia nhit dng nhp liu................................................................................. 58
VI.2.1. Yu cu ............................................................................................................. 58
VI.2.2. Tnh lng hi t cn dng ............................................................................ 58
VI.2.3. Tnh h s truyn nhit ..................................................................................... 59
VI.2.4. Tnh h s truyn nhit ..................................................................................... 61
VI.2.5. Tnh din tch truyn nhit ................................................................................ 61
VI.2.6. S ng truyn nhit ........................................................................................... 61
VI.2.7. ng knh thit b gia nhit ............................................................................ 61
VI.2.8. Kch thc ca thit b gia nhit nhp liu ....................................................... 61
VI.3. Bn cao v ................................................................................................................... 62
VI.4. Lp cch nhit ............................................................................................................. 63
VI.5. Bm ............................................................................................................................. 64
VI.5.1. Bm nc cho thit b ngng t, bm nhp liu cc ni, bm tho liu ......... 64
VI.5.2. Bm chn khng ............................................................................................... 66
Chng VII: Tnh s b gi thnh thit --------------------------------------------------------------- 67
Kt lun ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 68
Ti liu tham kho------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 69
Trang 5

CHNG I
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
TNG QUAN
I.1 Nhim v ca n:
Thit k h thng c c dung dch NaNO3 ba ni ngc chiu vi yu cu cng ngh
nh sau:
Nng sut theo sn phm: 2 tn/h.
Nng u: 15% khi lng.
Nng cui: 45% khi lng.
p sut thit b ngng t: 0,35 at.
I.2 Tnh cht nguyn liu:

I.2.1 Tnh cht vt l ca NaNO3:
L mui ca axit mnh v baz mnh.Cc phn t lin kt vi nhau bng lc lin kt ion.
Rt d tan trong nc v tng nhanh theo nhit , cng rt d b kt tinh. N kh tan trong cc
dung mi hu c nh ete....
Khi lng ring 2.265 g/cm3; 30oC (nng 15%) NaNO3 c nht l 0,94.103
2
N.s/m ; ho tan (g cht khan/100g dd) l 49,0.
Khi un nng NaNO3 nng chy:
2 NaNO3 = 2NaNO2 + O2
trng thi nng chy mui NaNO3 l cht oxi ha mnh n c th oxi ha Mn2+ MnO42, Cr3+ CrO42- .v.v.MnSO4 +
MnSO4 + 2KNO3 + 2NaCO3 = Na2MnO4+ 2KNO2 + Na2SO4 + 2CO2
I.2.2 iu ch v ng dng ca NaNO3:
iu ch bng phn ng trao i gia KNO3 v NaCl:
KNO3 + NaCl = NaNO3 + KCl
Ho tan mui long KNO3 v NaCl theo t l 1:1 un nng, sau cho kt tinh KCl nhit
30o. Tch tinh th KCl ra, lm ngui dung dch n nhit di 22os kt tinh NaNO3.
NaNO3 c dng sn xut axit nitric l mt axit rt quan trng trong cng
nghip, sn xut phn m trong cng nghip. Ch bin thy tinh, lm thuc n
I.3 Qu trnh c c:
I.3.1 nh ngha:
C c l phng php dng nng cao nng cc cht ho tan trong dung dch hai hay nhiu
cu t. Qu trnh c c ca dung dch lng rn hay lng lng c chnh lch nhit si rt cao
thng c tin hnh bng cch tch mt phn dung mi (cu t d bay hi hn). l cc qu
trnh vt l - ha l.
I.3.2 Cc phng php c c:
Phng php nhit: dung mi chuyn t trng thi lng sang trng thi hi di tc dng
ca nhit khi p sut ring phn ca n bng p sut tc dng ln mt thong cht lng.
Phng php lnh: khi h thp nhit n mt mc no th mt cu t s tch ra dng
tinh th n cht tinh khit, thng l kt tinh dung mi tng nng cht tan. Ty tnh cht
cu t v p sut bn ngoi tc dng ln mt thong m qu trnh kt tinh xy ra nhit
cao hay thp v i khi phi dng n thit b lm lnh.
I.3.3 Bn cht ca s c c do nhit:
Trang 6
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Da theo thuyt ng hc phn t: to thnh hi (trng thi t do) th tc chuyn

ng v nhit ca cc phn t cht lng gn mt thong ln hn tc gii hn. Phn t khi bay
hi s thu nhit khc phc lc lin kt trng thi lng v tr lc bn ngoi. Do , ta cn
cung cp nhit cc phn t nng lng thc hin qu trnh ny.
Bn cnh , s bay hi ch yu do cc bt kh hnh thnh trong qu trnh cp nhit v
chuyn ng lin tc, do chnh lch khi lng ring cc phn t trn b mt v di y to
nn s tun hon t nhin trong ni c c.
I.3.4 ng dng ca c c:
ng dng trong sn xut ha cht, thc phm, dc phm. Mc ch t c nng
dung dch theo yu cu, hoc a dung dch n trng thi qu bo ha kt tinh.
Sn xut thc phm: ng, m chnh, cc dung dch nc tri cy...
Sn xut ha cht: NaOH, NaCl, CaCl2, cc mui v c
I.4 Thit b c c:
I.4.1 Phn loi v ng dng:
a. Theo cu to v tnh cht ca i tng c c:
Nhm 1: dung dch i lu t nhin (tun hon t nhin) dng c c dung dch kh
long, nht thp, m bo s tun hon d dng qua b mt truyn nhit.
Nhm 2: dung dch i lu cng bc, dng bm to vn tc dung dch t 1,5 - 3,5 m/s
ti b mt truyn nhit. C u im: tng cng h s truyn nhit, dng cho dung dch c st,
nht cao, gim bm cn, kt tinh trn b mt truyn nhit.
Nhm 3: dung dch chy thnh mng mng, chy mt ln trnh tip xc nhit lu lm bin
cht sn phm. Thch hp cho cc dung dch thc phm nh nc tri cy, hoa qu p
b. Theo phng php thc hin qu trnh:
C c p sut thng (thit b h): c nhit si, p sut khng i. Thng dng c
c dung dch lin tc gi mc dung dch c nh, t nng sut cc i v thi gian c c l
ngn nht. Tuy nhin, nng dung dch t c l khng cao.
C c p sut chn khng: Dung dch c nhit si thp hn do c p sut chn khng.
Dung dch tun hon tt, t to cn, s bay hi nc lin tc.
C c nhiu ni: Mc ch chnh l tit kim hi t. S ni khng nn ln qu v s lm
gim hiu qu tit kim hi so vi chi ph b ra. C th c c chn khng, c c p lc hay
phi hp c hai phng php. c bit c th s dng hi th cho mc ch khc nng cao
hiu qu kinh t.
C c lin tc: Cho kt qu tt hn c c gin on, c th t ng ha.
Ty iu kin k thut, tnh cht dung dch la chn thit b c c ph hp.
I.4.2 Cc thit b v chi tit trong h thng c c:
Thit b chnh:
ng tun hon, ng truyn nhit.
Bung t, bung bc, y np
Thit b ph:
B cha sn phm, nguyn liu.
Cc loi bm: bm dung dch, bm nc, bm chn khng.
Thit b gia nhit.
Thit b ngng t Baromet.
Thit b o v iu chnh.
Trang 7
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
CHNG II
QUI TRNH CNG NGH

II.1 C s la chn quy trnh cng ngh:
Qu trnh c c c th c tin hnh trong mt thit b c c mt ni hoc nhiu ni,
lm vic lin tc hoc gin on. Qu trnh c c c th c thc hin p sut khc
nhau ty theo yu cu k thut, khi lm vic p sut thng c th dng thit b h
nhng khi lm vic p sut thp th dng thit b kn c c chn khng v c u im
l c th gim c b mt truyn nhit (khi p sut gim th nhit si ca dung dch
gim dn n hiu s nhit gia hi t v dung dch tng).
- C c nhiu ni l qu trnh s dng hi th thay cho hi t, do n c ngha kinh
t cao v s dng nhit. Nguyn tc ca qu trnh c c nhiu ni c th tm tt nh sau:
ni th nht, dung dch c un nng bng hi t, hi th ca ni ny a vo un
ni th hai, hi th ca ni hai a vo un ni th ba hi th ni cui cng i vo
thit b ngng t. Cn dung dch i vo ln lt ni n sang ni kia, qua mi ni u bc
hi mt phn, nng dn tng ln. iu kin cn thit truyn nhit trong cc ni l
phi c chnh lch nhit gia hi t v dung dch si, hay ni cch khc l chnh
lch p sut gia hi t v hi th trong cc ni, ngha l p sut lm vic trong mi ni
phi gim dn v hi th ca ni trc l hi t ca ni sau. Thng thng ni u lm
vic p sut d, cn ni cui lm vic p sut thp hn p sut kh quyn.
- Trong cc loi h thng c c nhiu ni th h thng c c nhiu ni ngc chiu c
s dng nhiu.
u nhc im ca h thng c c nhiu ni ngc chiu:
u im: t ni u n ni cui nng ca dung dch v nhit u tng nn
nht khng tng my, kt qu h s truyn nhit trong cc ni hu nh khng
gim. Khi c c ngc chiu lng nc bc hi vo thit b ngng t nh hn
xui chiu
Nhc im: h thng c c nhiu ni ngc chiu l cn phi c bm vn
chuyn dung dch.
-
II.2 S v thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh:

II.2.1 S cng ngh:
Trang 8
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
10
11
P
Png = 0.35 at
Tng = 72.5C
Nu?c
1
P
P2=1 at
T2=99C
P1=2.3 at
T1=123C
P
P3= 0.36at
T3=73.5C
Hoi d?t
Hoi d?t
12
PD= 5 at
TD= 151.1C
Gd= 6000kg/h
x = 15%
8
9
Xc2=25.40%
Xc1=45%
Dung d?ch b? sung
Xc3=18.63%
7
5
3
V? n?i hoi
CH THCH
4
p k?
Van kha
Nhi?t k?
Van 1 chi?u
Luu lu?ng k?
B?y hoi
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
THI? T B? C ? C
B? CH? A NGUYN LI? U
BOM NH? P LI? U
B? CH? A S? N PH? M
BOM S? N PH? M
BOM NH? P LI? U N? I I,II
7. B? Y HOI
8. B? CH? A NU? C NGUNG
9. BOM CHN KHNG
10. BNH TCH L? NG
11. TB NGUNG T? BAROMET
12. TB GIA NHI? T BAN ? U
TRU? NG ? I H? C BCH KHOA THNH PH? H? CH MINH

KHOA K? THU? T HO H? C
B? MN QU TRNH & THI? T B?
? N QU TRNH V THI? T B?
THI? T K? H? TH? NG C ? C 3 N? I NGU? C CHI? U
DUNG D?CH NaNO 3V? I N ANG SU? T S? N PH? M 2T/H
CNBM
CAO MINH TR
TR? N VAN NGU
VUBAMINH
CH
C NA
NG
HOTE
N
SVTH
GVHD
TLE:
KYTE
N
SO ? QUY TRNH CNG

NGH?
BA
N VE
SO:
NGA
Y HT :
NGA
Y BV :
II.2.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh:

- Dung dch NaNO3 15%, 30oC, c bm t b cha nguyn liu ln bn cao v, sau
c cho qua lu lng k ri vo thit b gia nhit ban u. Ti y, dung dch NaNO3
i bn trong ng truyn nhit v c gia nhit bng hi bo ha i bn ngoi ng.
- Sau khi ra khi thit b gia nhit ban u, dung dch s c nhp vo thit b c c th
III, y l thit b c c c ng tun hon trung tm, dung dch i bn trong ng tun
hon trung tm v ng truyn nhit, cn hi t l hi bo ha s i bn ngoi ng, ti
y dung dch c c c n nng 19%.
- Sau , dung dch c bm qua thit b c c th II, ti y dung dch s c c c
n nng 25%.
- Sau dung dch tip tc c bm qua thit b c c th III , ti y dung dch c
c c n nng 45%.
- Hi t l hi bo ha c a vo thit b c c th I, hi t i bn ngoi ng truyn
nhit, nc ngng s c tho ra bn ngoi, ng thi trong ng tho nc ngng c
Trang 9
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
by hi trnh hi t thot ra bn ngoi, kh khng ngng cng s c cho thot ra

bn ngoi qua ng x.
Hi th ca thit b c c th I s c tn dng lm hi t cho thit b c c th
II, ti y nc ngng v kh khng ngng cng c x b ra ngoi nh thit b th I.
Hi th ca thit b th II c tn dng lm hi t cho thit b c c th III, ti y
kh khng ngng v nc ngng cng c x b ra ngoi nh thit b I v II.
Hi th ca thit b c c th III c a vo thit b ngng t baromet, dng nc
ngng t, phn hi khng ngng t s c a qua thit b tch lng ngng t phn
hi cn li, phn kh s c ht ra ngoi bng bm chn khng.
Trang 10
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
CHNG III
CN BNG VT CHT V CN BNG NNG LNG

III.1 D kin ban u:
-
Dung dch NaNO3.

Nng u x = 15 %, nhit u ca nguyn liu l t = 30oC.
Nng cui xc = 45%.
Nng sut sn phm: Gc = 2 tn/h.
Gia nhit bng hi nc bo ho p sut hi t l 5,0 at.
p sut thit b ngng t: Pck = 0,35 at.
III.2 Cn bng vt cht:

III.2.1. Lng dung mi nguyn cht bc hi (lng hi th) khi nng dung dch
thay i t x n xc :
G = Gc + W
x
W = G(1 - d ) , kg/h
xc
x
c
= Gc(
- 1) , kg/h
x
= 3000 x (
5.24/281 [1]
45
-1) = 4000 , kg/h;
15
W - lng hi th khi nng thay i t x n xc, kg/h.

G , Gc - lng dung dch u, dung dch cui, kg/h.
x , xc - nng u v nng cui ca dung dch, % khi lng.
Gi thit lng hi th cc ni nh sau (sau qu trnh tnh lp v kim tra):
W1= 1,2W2 , W2 = 1,1W3
W = W1 + W2 + W3 = 4000 , kg/h
W1 =1543,86 kg/h; W2 =1286,55 kg/h; W3 =1169,59 kg/h
III.2.2. Nng cui ca dung dch trong tng ni:
G = Gc + W
= 2000 + 4000 = 6000, kg/h
x1
Gd xd
Gd
6000 15
6000 4000
Trang 11
% khi lng; 5.26[1]
% khi lng
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
= 45,00
x2
G d xd
Gd (W2 +W3)
6000 .15
6000 (1286 ,55 1169 ,59 )
% khi lng
= 25,40
x3
% khi lng
Gd xd
G d W3
% khi lng
6000 .15
6000 1169 ,59
% khi lng
= 18,63
x1, x2 , x3 - nng cui ca dung dch trong cc ni, % khi lng;

W1, W2, W3 - lng hi th bc ln t cc ni, kg/h;
x - nng u ca dung dch, % khi lng;
G - lng dung dch u, kg/h;
III.2.3 Xc nh nhit v p sut mi ni:
p sut ti thit b ngng t : 0,35 at;
Tra bng I.251/314 [4] to ti thit b ngng t = 72,05 oC
Nhit hi th ni cui bng nhit thit b ngng t cng thm 1oC
t3 = 73,05 oC
P3 = 0,36 at
Chn p sut hi t cho ni 1 l: P1 = 5at
Hiu s p sut cho c h thng:
P = P1 Pnt = 5 0,35 = 4,65 at
Chn t l hiu s p sut cho cc ni nh sau: P1/P2 = 2,0 , P2/P3 = 2,0
M: P1 + P2 +P3 = P = 4,65 at
Suy ra:
P1 = 2,63 at
P2 = 1,31 at
P3 = 0,57 at
Trang 12
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
P1 = P1 P2
P2 = P2 P3
P3 = P3 Pnt
Suy ra:
P2 = P1 - P1 = 5 2,63 = 2,27 at
P3 = P2 - P2 = 2,27 1,31 = 0,96 at
Vi: P1,P2, P3: p sut hi t ni 1, 2 v 3 at
Pnt : p sut thit b ngng t, at
P1, P2,P3 : hiu s p sut ni 1 so vi ni 2, ni 2 so vi ni 3 v ni
3 so vi thit b ngng t , at
P: hiu s p sut cho c h thng, at
Nhit hi t ni sau bng nhit hi th ni trc tr i 1 (1 chnh l tn
tht nhit do tr lc thu hc trn ng dn), cn nhit hi th ca ni cui
cng th bng nhit thit b ngng t cng thm 1oC. (trang 106 [2])
Ta c:
Bng 1: p sut, nhit ca hi t v hi th mi ni

Ni 1
Hi
t
Hi
th
Ni 2
Ni 3
P (at)
T(oc)
P (at) T (oc) P (at)
T(oc)
151,1
2,27
122
0,96
98
2,3
123
99
0,36
73,05
TBNT
P (at)
T(oc)
0,35
72,05
(tra bng I.250, I.251 [4])

III.2.4 Xc nh tn tht nhit :
Tn tht nhit trong h c c bao gm: tn tht do nng , tn tht do p
sut thy tnh v tn tht do tr lc ng ng.
III.2.5 Tn tht nhit do nng :
cng mt p sut nhit si ca dung dch bao gi cng ln hn nhit si
ca dung mi nguyn cht.
Hiu s nhit gia nhit si ca dung dch v dung mi nguyn cht gi l
tn tht nhit si do nng :
Theo Tisenc:
= of
III-5/106 [2]
M:
f 16 .2
Suy ra:
' o
'
Tm2
r
t.106
273 t '
16 .2
( oC)
trang 107 [2]
Trong :
o : tn tht nhit p sut thng,
f
: h s hiu chnh.
Trang 13
[2]
(tra bng 5.2/265 [1])

(bng I.251/314 [4])
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Tm : nhit ca dung mi nguyn cht p sut lm vic, v gi tr bng nhit

hi th, oC
r
: n nhit ha hi ca dung mi p sut lm vic, J/kg.
t
: nhit hi th, oC
Trong cc thit b c c lin tc (tun hon t nhin hay cng bc) th nng
dung dch si gn vi nng cui (xc) do ly theo nng cui dd. (t107 [3]
Bng 2: Tn tht nhit do nng
o
o
o
xc (%kl)
r (J/kg)
o ( C )
( C )
t ( C )
45
8,35
123
2185000
9,71
Ni I
25
3,45
99
2262000
3,42
Ni II
19
2,45
73.05
2317000
2,05
Ni III
Tng 3 ni
= 1 + 2 +3 = 15,18
III.2.6. Tn tht nhit do p sut thy tnh:
Nhit si ca dung dch c c tng cao v hiu ng thy tnh (tn tht
nhit do p sut thy tnh tng cao):
= tsdd(Ptb) - tsdd(Po) = tsdm( Ptb) - tsdm(Po)

Chiu cao thch hp ca dung dch si trong ng truyn nhit: (tnh theo knh
quan st ch mc)
Hop = [0,26 + 0,0014(dd dm)]H (m)
2.20/108 [3]
p sut lp cht lng trung bnh:
0.5 hh gH op
Ptb = Po +
= Po+ p (at)
9.81 * 10 4
Trong :
dd
2.19/108 [3]
: Khi lng ring dung dch theo nng cui ( nhit ts,
khng k ln bt hi), kg/m3;
: Khi lng ring dung mi , kg/m3;
dm
H
: Chiu cao ng truyn nhit, m; Chn H = 2,5m
Po
: p sut trn mt thong dung dch ly bng p sut hi th, at;
g
: gia tc trng trng, ly g = 9,81 m/s2
Ta ly: hh = 0,5dd
CT trang 108[3]
Bng 3: Tn tht nhit do p sut thy tnh
Ni I
Ni II
Ni III
dd
(kg/m3)
dm
(kg/m3)
1232
1073
1059
940,4
958,1
971,22
Hop
(m)
1,67
1,08
0,86
Ptb tsdm (Ptb) Po tsdm (Po)

o
o
(at) ( o C )
(at)
( C) ( C)
2,35
125
2,3
123
2
1,05
99
1
99
0,2
0,38
74
0,36
73,05
0,95
Trang 14
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
= 3,15
Lu : vi dd l khi lng ring dung dch theo nng cui tsdd(Ptb) ( l
nhit ang cn xc nh ) , nn ta cn chn mt nhit thch hp ( chn t = tsdm 0C)
Tng 3 ni
tnh dd ( do thay i khng ng k trong mt khong nhit nh).

III.2.7 Tn tht nhit do ng ng gy ra:
Chn tn tht nhit mi ni l: 1 0C
Tn tht nhit do ng ng gy ra trn c h thng = 3 0C
III.2.8 Tn tht nhit c h thng:
= + + , 0C ;
= 15,18 + 3,15 + 3 = 21,33 0C
III.2.9 Chnh lch nhit hu ch ca tng ni v ca c h thng:
Theo nh ngha, hiu s nhit hu ch l:
ti = tch -
III-9/111
M: tch = T tng
Hoc:
ti = T ts III-10/111
[2]
M:
ts = t + +
[2]
Vy hiu s nhit hu ch mi ni:

Ni I:
tiI = TI tsI = TI (tI + I + I)
Ni II:
tiII = TII tsII = TII (tII + II + II)
Ni III:
tiIII = TIII tsIII = TIII (tIII + III + III)
Trong :
tiI, tiII,tiIII : Hiu s nhit hu ch ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
TI, TII, TIII
: Nhit hi t ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
tI, tII ,tIII
: Nhit hi th ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
tsI, tsII, tsIII
: Nhit si ca dung dch ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
I, II,III
: Tn tht nhit do nng ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
I,II,III
: Tn tht nhit do p sut thy tnh ni I, ni II, ni III, oC
Tng hiu s nhit hu ch ca ton h thng:
ti = tiI + tiII + tiIII
Bng 4: Hiu s nhit hu ch ca mi ni
T
o
Ni I
Ni II
Ni III
Tng 3 ni
( C)
151,1
122
98
t
o
( C)
123
99
73,05
( C)
7,95
2,76
1,31
( C)
2
0,2
0,95
ts
o
( C)
132,95
101,96
75,31
ti = 18,15 + 20,14 + 22,69 = 60,88
Trang 15
ti
o
( C)
18,15
20,04
22,69
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
III.3 CN BNG NNG LNG:

III.3.1 Nhit dung ring:
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch c nng x < 20%
C = 4186.(1 - x), J/kg.;
I.43/152
[4]
x: nng cht ha tan, phn khi lng(%);
Nhit dung ring dung dch u: C = 4186.(1 - 0,15) = 3558,1 J/kg.;
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch c nng x > 20%
C = Cht.x + 4186.(1 - x), J/kg.;
I.44/152
[4]
Cht: nhit dung ring ca cht ho tan (J/kg.);
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch ra khi ni I:
C1 = 1205x0,45 + 4186.(1 - 0,45) = 2844,55 J/kg.;
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch ra khi ni II:
C2 = 1205x0,21 + 4186.(1 - 0,21) = 3428,83 J/kg.;
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch ra khi ni III:
C3 = 1205x0,13 + 4186.(1 - 0,13) = 3630,64 J/kg.;
Theo cng thc:
MNaNO3 .Cht = Ci.Ni
I.41/152
[4]
M
: khi lng mol ca hp cht
Ci
: nhit dung ring ca n cht
Ni
: s nguyn t trong phn t
Ta c: CNa = 26000 (J/kg.); Co = 16800 (J/kg.)
CN = 26000 (J/kg.)
n .C n O .C O nN .CN
Vy :
Cht = Na Na
M NanO3
260001 260001 168000 3

85
= 1205 J/kg.
=
III.3.2 Lp phng trnh cn bng nhit lng:

D
: Lng hi t dng cho h thng, kg/h.
G
: Lng dung dch ban u, kg/h.
: m ca hi t.
i, i1, i2
: Hm nhit ca hi t, hi th ni I v ni II, J/kg.
t, t1, t2, t3 : Nhit si ban u, ra khi ni I, ni II, ni III ca dung dch,
C, C1, C2 , C3: Nhit dung ring ban u, ra khi ni I, ni II, ni III ca dd,
J/kg..
1, 2,3
: Nhit nc ngng t ca ni I, ni II, ni III.
Cng1, Cng2,Cng3: Nhit dung ring ca nc ngng t ni I, ni II, ni III
J/kg..
Qxq1, Qxq2, Qxq3: Nhit mt mc ra mi trng xung quanh, J.
Trang 16
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Phng trnh cn bng nhit lng:

Ni I: Di + (G -W2 W3)C2t2 = W1i1 + DCng11 + (G W)C1t1 + Qxq1
Ni II: W1i1+(G W3)C3t3 = W2i2 + (G W2 W3)C2t2 + W1Cng22 + Qxq2
NiIII: W2i2+GCt = W3i3 + (G - W3)C3t3 + W1Cng22 + Qxq3
M:
W = W1 + W2 + W3
Cho:
Qxq1 = 0,05 D(i Cng11)
Qxq2 = 0,05 W1(i1 Cng22)
Qxq3 = 0,05 W2(i2 Cng33)
Xem hi t v hi th trng thi hi bo ho, cc thng s tra c:
Hm nhit ca hi t v hi th ni I v ni II:
(tra Bng I.250/312 [4])
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
i = 2754 kJ/kg
i1 = 2716 kJ/kg
i2 = 2677 kJ/kg
i3 = 2630 kJ/kg
Nhit si ca dung dch:
t = 75,31 oC
t1 = 132,95 oC
t2 = 101,96 oC
t3 = 75,31 oC
Nhit dung ring ca dung dch:
C = 3558,10 J/kg.
C1 = 2844,55 J/kg.
C2 = 3428,86 J/kg.
C3 = 3630,64 J/kg.
Nhit nc ngng t (xem nh bng nhit hi t):
1 = 151,1 oC
2 = 122,0 oC
3 = 98,0 oC
Nhit dung ring ca nc ngng t:
(tra Bng I.249/310 [4])
Cng1 = 4,315 kJ/kg.
Cng2 = 4,253 kJ/kg.
Cng3 = 4,218 kJ/kg.
Thay cc gi tr tra c bn trn vo cc phng trnh (2), (3), (4), gii h 3
phng trnh 3 n s W1, W2, W3, ta c:
W1 = 1600 kg/h; W2 = 1286 kg/h; W3 = 1113 kg/h.

Kim tra li gi thit phn phi hi th cc ni:
Trang 17
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
W1 Wn
.100 % 5%
W1
W1
III-15/114
[2]
: lng hi th theo gi thuyt hay tnh ton c gi tr ln
Wn
: lng hi th theo gi thuyt hay tnh ton c gi tr nh
Ni
Ni I
Ni II
Ni III
Wgt
1543,68
1286,55
1169,59
Wtt
1600
1285
1113
Trang 18
W
3,52 %
0,12 %
4,84 %
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
CHNG IV
KCH THC THIT B CHNH

IV.1 B mt truyn nhit ca bung t:
B mt truyn nhit ca bung t c th tnh theo cng thc tng qut nh sau:
Q
F
(m2)
III-16/114
[2]
K t i
Trong :
Q
: nhit lng do hi t cung cp, W
Q = Dr nu cht ti nhit l hi nc bo ho.
D
: lng hi t, kg/s.
r
: n nhit ngng t, J/kg.
K
: h s truyn nhit, W/m2.
ti
: hiu s nhit hu ch,
.
Gi thuyt qu trnh truyn nhit l lin tc v n nh.
IV.1.1 Tnh nhit lng do hi t cung cp:
Ni I:
QI = Dr
,W
.
Ni II:
QII = W1r1 , W
Ni III: QIII = W2r2 , W
r, r1, r2
: n nhit ha hi (ngng t) ca hi t ni I v ni II, ni III J/kg.
(tra Bng I.250/312 [4])
Bng 5: Tnh nhit lng do hi t cung cp
Ni
D (kg/s)
r (kJ/kg)
Q (kW)
Ni I
0,515
2119
1091,3
Ni II
0,444
2200
976,8
Ni III
0,357
2263
807,9
IV.1.2 Tnh h s truyn nhit K ca mi ni:
a.Nhit ti ring trung bnh: (trang 116 [2])
Nhit ti ring ca hi t cp cho thnh thit b:
q1 = 1(t1 tw1) = 1t1
Nhit ti ring ca thnh thit b:
q
1
1 1
(t w1 t w 2 ) ( )(t w1 t w 2 )
r
rc1 rc2
Nhit ti ring ca pha dung dch si:

q2 = 2(tw2 t2) = 2t2
Trong :
t1
: Nhit hi t, oC
t2
: Nhit ca dung dch trong ni, oC
Trang 19
trang 3 [5]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
tw1, tw2 : Nhit 2 bn thnh ng, oC

1
2
rc1
: H s cp nhit pha hi ngng t, W/m2.

: H s cp nhit pha dung dch, W/m2.
: Nhit tr cn bn pha hi t (nc sch)

rc1 = 0,232.10-3(m2/W)
bng V.1/4 [5]
rc2
: Nhit tr cn bn pha dung dch
-3 2
bng V.1/4 [5]
r = 0,387.10 (m /W)
c2
V
: Nhit tr thnh thit b, m2/W.
Chn vt liu lm ng truyn nhit l thp khng r X18H10T c: = 16,3

(W/m.) Bng VII.7/313 [5]
Chn b dy thnh ng l: v = 2,0 mm.
Tng nhit tr ca tng:
r rc1
V
2.10 3
rc 2 0.232 10 3
0.387 10 3
16 .3
= 7,417.10-4 (m2./W)
b.Tnh h s cp nhit pha hi ngng t:

Khi tc ca hi nh (10 m/s) v mng nc ngng chuyn ng dng (Rem <100) th
h s cp nhit 1 i vi ng thng ng c tnh theo cng thc sau:
1 2.04A 4
Trong :
2 3
r
t 1H
(W/m2) V.101/28 [5]
0.25
trang 29 [5]
t1 = t1 tw1 : Hiu s nhit gia hi ngng t v thnh thit b,

(Chn t1 l nhit ca hi t)
r
: n nhit ngng t ca hi bo ha, J/kg.
H
: Chiu cao ng truyn nhit, m.
Chn H = 2,5 m.
Vi nc ngng t gi tr A ph thuc vo nhit mng.
Cng thc tnh nhit mng tm: trang 29 [5]
tm = 0,5(tw1 + t1)
A ph thuc tm (nhit mng) trang 29 [5]
tm(oC)
A
40
139
60
155
80
169
100
179
120
188
140
194
160
197
180
199
200
199
Gi tr 1 c tnh di bng sau: (t1 c gi thuyt v kim tra bn di)
Trang 20
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Bng 6: Gi tr 1
Ni i
t1(0C)
tw1(0C)
I
II
III
151,1
122
98
150,64
127,51
102,50
t1
(0C)
0,65
0,55
0,40
tm(0C)
150,87
124,75
100,25
195
189
179
r
(J/kg)
2121675
2189120
2259000
1 H(
H(m)
2,5
2,5
2,5
(W/m2.)
13446,87
13695,68
14156,71
q1 = 1t1
Bng 7: Nhit ti ring hi t cp cho thnh thit b
Ni i
t1(0C)
1 (W/m2.)
q1 (W/m2)
0,65
13446,87
8740,46
I
0,55
13695,68
7532,63
II
0,40
14156,71
5662,68
III
c. Tnh h s cp nhit pha dung dch si :
Gi s ch si si bt v qu trnh l i lu t nhin, ta c:
2 n dd
n
Vi:
0.565

. dd
n
C dd
Cn
dd
0.435
n 0.145t2 2.33 P0.5
(W/m2)
VI.27/71
[5]
(W/m2)
V.91/26
[5]
Trong :
: p sut tuyt i trn mt thong, (N/m2).
: Hiu s nhit gia thnh ng v dung dch si, oC
t2 = tw2 tsdd
dd , n : h s dn nhit ca dung dch v nc, W/m.
dd , n : khi lng ring ca dung dch v nc, kg/m3
Cdd , Cn : nhit dung ring ca dung dch v nc, J/kg.
dd , n : nht dung dch v hi t, Ns/m2
Xem nh s mt mt nhit khng ng k.
q = q1 = q2
tw2 = tw1 q1
Tnh h s dn nhit ca dung dch:
P
t2
dd AC p .3
(W/m.)
+ Cp : Nhit dung ring ng p ca dung dch (J/kgK)

+ : khi lng ring ca dung dch (kg/m3)
+ M : khi lng mol trung bnh ca dung dch
Trang 21
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
M = x.MNaNO3 + (1 - x).Mnc
+ A : h s ph thuc mc lin kt ca cht lng i vi nc A = 3,58.10-8
Bng 8: H s dn nhit ca dung dch
C
(J/kgK)
M (g/mol)
dd(kg/m3)
dd (W/m.)
Ni i
p
I
2844,55
1232
48,15
0,37
II
3428,83
1073
35,02
0,41
III
3630,64
1059
30,48
0,45
Ni I
n (W/m.)
Bng 9: Cc s liu tra cu

Ni II
Ni III
0,69
0,68
0,67
916,32
942,58
959,8
Cdd (J/kg.)
2844,55
3428,83
3630,64
Cn (J/kg.)
4324,4
4238,0
4222,0
dd.103 (Ns/m2)
0,242.10-3
0,334.10-3
0,45.10-3
n.103 (Ns/m2)
0,210.10-3
0,274.10-3
0,37.10-3
n (kg/m3)
Ni i
I
II
III
Bng 10: Nhit ti ring pha dung dch

n
2
tw2 (oC) tsdd(0C) t2(0C)
q2 (W/m2)
(W/m2.) (W/m2.)
138,95
132,95
6,0
4478,77
1398,40
8390,40
108,56
101,96
6,6
3687,57
1096,99
7240,13
81,81
75,31
6,5
2135,22
910,33
5917,15
Kim tra li gi thuyt t1
q q
q 1 2 .100% 5%
q1
Gi s q1 > q2 th q < 5% l tho.
Bng 11
Ni i
q1 (W/m2)
8740,46
I
7532,63
II
5662,68
III
H s truyn nhit mi ni:
Ta c:
q2 (W/m2)
8390,40
7240,13
5917,15
q (W/m2)
4,01%
3,88%
4,30%
qtb
III-17/116 [2]
t i
Bng 12: H s truyn nhit ca mi ni
K
Trang 22
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Ni i
qtb (W/m2)
ti (oC)
K (W/m2)
8665,43
18,15
472,05
I
7386,38
20,04
368,62
II
5789,91
22,69
255,52
III
Hiu s nhit hu ch thc ca mi ni:
Phn phi ti theo iu kin b mt truyn nhit cc ni bng nhau:
ti
3
Q
m
1 K i
i
Trong : Ch s m ch ni th m.
Cng thc chung:
t im
Q
K
o
( C)
III-19/117
[2]
t t t t
iIII
i
iI
iII
3
Qi
QI QII QIII
K I K II K III
Kim tra li hiu s nhit hu ch:

ti ti
th tha.
III-20/117 [2]
(ti )
100% 5%
ti
Bng 13: Hiu s nhit hu ch thc mi ni
Q
K
Q
ti
(ti)
t
2
o i
o
(kW)
(W/m )
( C)
( C)
(oC)
K
2521,57
472,05
5341,73
19,08
18,15
4,90%
Ni I
2090,00
368,62
5669,75
20,67
20,04
3,06%
Ni II
Ni III
1742,51
255,52
6827,43
23,69
22,69
2,59%
IV.1.3 Tnh din tch b mt truyn nhit ca mi ni:
Ta c:
Ni I
Ni II
Ni III
Q
(m2)
K t i
Bng 14: Din tch b mt truyn nhit
Q(w)
K(W/m2 )
2521,57
472,05
2090,00
368,62
1742,51
255,52
Chn F = 315 m2
IV.2 Tnh kch thc bung t v bung bc:

IV.2.1 Bung t:
Trang 23
ti*
19,08
20,67
23,69
III-21/117 [2]
F(m2)
279,96
274,3
293,15
trang 292 [5]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
a. Tnh s ng truyn nhit:

n
F
.d .l
(ng)
III-25/121 [2]
F
: din tch b mt truyn nhit, m2. F = 315 m2
l
: chiu di ng truyn nhit, l = 2,5 m
d
: ng knh ng truyn nhit, m
Chn ng knh ng truyn nhit (bng VI.6 [5])
dn = 57 mm
dtr = dn - 2v = 57 2.2,5 = 52 mm
Chn kiu b tr ng truyn nhit hnh lc gic u.
Do 1 > 2 nn d l ng knh trong ca ng truyn nhit.
315
F
n
772 ng
.d t .l 0,052 2,5
Xp ng theo hnh lc gic u (bng 3.6, trang 237, ti liu [1])
S ng trn ng cho: 33 ng
Tng s ng:
817 ng
b. ng knh ng tun hon trung tm:

Tng tit din ngang ca tt c ng truyn nhit:
FD
d 2 n
dt 2 n
0,0522 817
1,73 (m2)
III-27/121 [2]
4
4
4
Tit din ngang ca ng tun hon trong (ly bng 25% FD):
ft = 0,25FD = 0,25.1,73 = 0,4325 (m2)
ng knh ng tun hon trong:
4 ft
4 0,4275
0,74 (m)
Dth
Chn theo tiu chun: Dth = 0,8 m
trang 121 [2]
III-26/121 [2]
trang 291 [1]
i vi ng tun hon trong phi chn ng knh ng tun hon ln hn khong

10 ln ng knh ng truyn nhit ca bung t.
trang 291 [1]
Dth 800
14,03 > 10
Ta c :
d
57
Vy: Dth = 0,8 m
c. ng knh bung t:
Trang 24
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
i vi thit b c c tun hon trung tm v b tr ng t theo hnh lc gic th

ng knh trong ca bung t tnh theo cng thc:
Dt
0.4 2 sin 60o F .d n

( Dth 2d n ) 2
.l
(m)
III-28/121 [2]
Trong :
t
: h s, ly = 1,2
dn
t
: bc ng, m (t =1,2-1,5dn) chn t = 1,2dn
dn
: ng knh ngoi ng truyn nhit, m
: h s s dng li ng ( 0,7 0,9 chn 0,8

l
: Chiu di ng truyn nhit, m => l = 2,5 m.
Dth
: ng knh ng tun hon trung tm, m ; Dth = 0,8 m
Sin 600: do xp ng theo hnh lc gic u, nn 3 ng cnh nhau hai dy st
nhau to thnh mt tam gic u c gc 600
trang 122 [2]
F
: din tch b mt truyn nhit, m2
0,4 1,2 2 sin 60 o 315 0,057

Dt
(0,8 2 1,2 0,057) 2 2,314 m
0,8 2.5
Chn theo chun ng knh bung t Dt = 2,4 m trang 291 [1]
d. ng truyn nhit b thay th bi ng tun hon trung tm:
D
0,8
1 12,69 ng
Ta c: Dth t b 1 b th 1
t
1,2 * 0,057
b: l s ng b loi nm trn ng knh ngoi ca lc gic u tnh t tm, ng
Chn b = 13 ng
3 2
3
b 1 1 132 1 1 127 ng
4
4
Vy s ng truyn nhit cn thit: 817 127 = 690 ng
Vy s ng truyn nhit lc ny l 690 ng.
e. Tnh din tch b mt truyn nhit:
Suy ra s ng b thay th: n
F .l.(nd t Dth ) 2,5 (690 0,052 0.8) 288,08

. (m 2 )
Vy din tch b mt truyn nhit c chn l 315 m2 v s ng truyn nhit l
690 ng.
IV.2.2 Bung bc:
a. ng knh bung bc:
Chn ng knh bung bc cho c 3 ni l: Db = 2,8 m
Vn tc hi th:
Trang 25
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
W
h
Vh
4W
Fb
2
h D b
Db
4
(m/s)
m ax
Ta cn kim tra iu kin: hi 70 % o (*)
trang 276 [1]
Vi o l vn tc lng:
0 =
4 g ( ' h )d
(m/s)
3 h
5.14/276 [1]
, h : Khi lng ring ca git lng v ca hi th, kg/m3.

d
: ng knh git lng, m Chn d = 0,0003 m
: H s tr lc.
d
18.5
Re h h trang 276 [1]
Nu 0,2 < Re < 500 =>
0.6
h
Re
h
: nht ng hc ca hi th, Ns/m2.

bng I.121/121 [4]
Bng15: Vn tc hi th v vn tc lng
h
3
(m/s)
(kg/m ) (kg/m3) (Ns/m2)
1,19 0,0000134 0,13
Ni I 940,40
0,60 0,00001235 0,22
Ni II 958,10
0,24
0,000011
1,48
Ni III 971,22
Re
3,46
3,21
9,69
8,78
4,73
4,74
Vy ng knh bung bc Db = 2,8 m

b. Th tch bung bc:
W
Vb
(m3)
hU p
(m/s)
0,59
1,15
1,83
Ghi ch
Tha (*)
Tha (*)
Tha (*)
III-23/120 [2]
W
h
: Lng hi th bc ln trong thit b, kg/h.

: Khi lng ring hi th, kg/m3.
Up
: Cng bc hi th tch p sut khc 1 at, m3/m3h.

Up = fpUt
III-24/120 [2]
: Cng bc hi th tch p sut bng 1 at, m3/m3h.
Ut
Chn Ut = 1600 m3/m3h. (Ut =1600-1700 m3/m3h)
fb
: H s hiu chnh p sut hi th.
Hb
Ni I
P
(at)
2,3
4Vb
2 (m)
D b
Bng 16: Th tch v chiu cao bung bc
Up
h
W
fb
(kg/h)
(m3/m3h)
(kg/m3)
1,19
0,92
1472
3412
Trang 26
trang 120 [2]
III-22/120 [2]
Vb
(m3)
1,96
Hb
(m)
0,32
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
1
0,6
1
1600
2908,7
3,05
0,49
Ni II
0,24
1,4
2240
2590
4,79
0,78
Ni III 0,36
V trong bung bc c hin tng si bt si c 1 phn mc cht lng trong bung bc
nn chn chiu cao cho c ba ni l Hb = 2,5 m
Kch thc cua buong boc va buong ot:

H 2,5m
D 2,4
. m
t
Bung t: n 690 ng
d 0,052 m
t
d n 0,057m
H b 2,5m
Bung bc:
Db 2,8m
c. B phn ni bung t v bung bc:

Chn y nn ct v vt liu l thp khng g X18H10T.
H
2,8 2,4 0,2 (m)

2
Gc nghing 45
Kch thc ca y nn ct:
DNh 2,4 m
DLn 2,8m
H 0,2m
H g 50mm
Trang 27
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
CHNG V
TNH BN C KH CHO THIT B

V.1 Tnh bn cho thn:
V.1.1. Thn bung t:
- Chn thn hnh tr v vt liu lm thn bung t l thp CT3
- Thn c 3 l: 1 l tho nc ngng, 1 l x kh khng ngng v 1 l dn hi t.
a. Bung t ni I:
Thng s lm vic: Dt = 2400 mm
Pt = 5 at Thn bung t ni I chu p sut trong.
Nhit hi t:
t = th = 151,1 oC
Thng s tnh ton: Ptt = Pd = 5 1 = 4 at = 0,3924 N/mm2
t = 151,1 + 20 = 171,1 (c bc lp cch nhit) (trang 9 [6])
Cc thng s cn tra v chn:
[]* : ng sut cho php tiu chun, N/mm2 []* = 119,1 N/mm2
( 171.1oC) (hnh 1.1 trang 15 [6])
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95 (c bc lp cch nhit) trang 17 [6]
[] : ng sut cho php khi ko, N/mm2
[] = []* = 113,145 N/mm2
1-9/17 [6]
h: H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2
pha, vi Dt = 1400mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Xt:
113,1450,95 73,93 > 5

0,3924
trang 95 [6]
B dy ti thiu ca thn bung t:

S'
Dt P
2 h
2400 0,3924
4,383 (mm)
2 113,1
. 0,95
5-3/96 [6]
B dy thc:
S = S + C
(mm)
Vi C l h s b sung b dy tnh ton, mm.
C = C a + Cb + Cc + Co
(mm)
Ca
: H s b sung do n mn ha hc ca mi trng, mm
Chn Ca = 1 mm
Cb
: H s b sung do bo mn c hc ca mi trng, mm
Chn Cb = 0
Trang 28
5-9/96 [6]
1-10/20 [6]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Cc
: H s b sung do sai lch khi ch to, lp rp, mm

Chn Cc = 0
Co
: H s b sung quy trn kch thc, mm.
S = S + Ca = 4,383 + 1 = 5,383 (mm)
Kim tra bng 5-1 trang 94 [6] Vi Dt = 2400 mm Chn S = 8 mm.;
Kim tra iu kin bn: 5-10, 5-11/97 [6]
S Ca 8 1
0,00029 0,1
(tha)
Dt
2400
[ P]
2h S C a 2 113,1
.1 0,95 8 1
0,6252 N/mm2> 0,3924

Dt S C a
2400 8 1
Vy b dy thn bung t ni I tha iu kin bn: S = 8 mm.

b. Bung t ni II:
Pt = 2,27 at Thn bung t ni II chu p sut trong.
Nhit hi t:
t = th = 122 oC
Ptt = Pd = 2,27 1 = 1,27 at = 0,1246 N/mm2
t = 122 + 20 = 142 oC (c bc lp cch nhit)
[]* : ng sut cho php tiu chun, N/mm2 []* = 132 N/mm2
( 142 oC) (hnh 1.1 trang 15 [6])
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95 (c bc lp cch nhit) trang 17 [6]

[] = []* = 125,4 N/mm2.
1-9/17 [6]
h : H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2
pha, vi Dt = 1400mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Xt:
Thng s tnh ton:
125,4
0,95 956,1 > 25
0,1246
trang 95 [6]
B dy ti thiu ca thn bung t:

S'
Dt P
2h
2400 0, 1246
1,26 (mm)
2 125,4 0, 95
5-3/96 [6]
B dy thc:
S = S + C
(mm)
5-9/96 [6]
Trang 29
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

(mm)
1-10/20 [6]
Ca
Chn Ca = 1 mm
Cb
Chn Cb = 0
Cc
Chn Cc = 0
Co
S = S + Ca = 1,26 + 1 = 2,26 (mm)
Kim tra bng 5-1 trang 94 [6] Vi Dt = 2400 mm
Chn S = 4 mm.
Kim tra iu kin bn: 5-10, 5-11/97 [6]
S Ca 4 1
0,00125 0,1 tha

Dt
2400
[ P]
2 hS C a 2 125 0,95 4 1
0,297 > 0,1246

Dt S C a
2400 4 1
Vy b dy thn bung t ni II tha iu kin bn: S = 4 mm.

c. Bung t ni III:
Pt = 0,96 at Thn bung t ni III chu p sut ngoi
Nhit hi t t = th = 98 oC
Thng s tnh ton:
Ptt = Pd = 1+(1 - 0,96) = 1,04 at = 0,102 N/mm2
L: chiu di tnh ton thn thit b, mm.
L= Hd = 2500 mm
( 118 oC) (hnh 1-1/16 [6])
h : H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi
2 pha, vi Dt = 2400 mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Et : moun n hi ca vt liu nhit lm vic, N/mm2
Tra bng 2-12/34 [6] Et = 1,93.105 N/mm2
Nc : H s an ton Tra nc = 1,5 (bng 1-6 trang 14 [6])
ct [ ]* nc 135 1,5 202,5 N/mm2

2
thn nhit tnh ton (N/mm ).

B dy ti thiu ca thn chu p sut ngoi:
Trang 30
: Gii hn chy ca vt liu lm
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

0.4
P L
S' 1,18 Dt nt
E
D
t
0.4
2500
0,102
=1,18 2400

1,93.105 2400
5-14/98[6]
S= 8,88 mm
B dy thc ca thn:
S = S + Ca = 8,88 + 1 = 9,88 mm
Tra bng XIII.9 trang 364 [5] Chn S = 12 mm.
Kim tra hai iu kin: 5-15, 5-16/99 [6]
1,5
2S Ca L
Dt
Dt
Dt
2S Ca
1,5
212 - 1
2500
0,143
1, 042
2400
2400
2S C a
Dt
L
Et
0,3 t
c
Dt
2400
10,44
212 1
2500
1,9 10 5 212 1
1,.042 0 ,.3
0,251
2400
202,5 2400
3
(tho)
Kim tra p sut ngoi cho php: 5-19 [6]

2
S C a S Ca
Pn
Dt
Dt
2
2400 12 1
12 1
5
0,2215 N / mm 2 > 0,102 (tha)

= 0,649 2 10

2000 2400
2400
Pn 0,649 E Dt
L
t
Kim tra n nh ca thn khi chu p lc ca lc nn chiu trc:

Lc nn chiu trc: (trang 110 [6])
Pct
.( Dt 2 S ) 2
4
.P
.(2400 2 12 ) 2
Xc nh h s kc theo t s
.0,102 = 470712,01 (N)
Dt
(trang 103 [6])
2.( S C a )
Trang 31
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Dt
2.( S C a )
50
100
150
200
250
500
1000
2000
2500
qc
0,05
0,098
0,14
0,15
0,14
0,118
0,08
0,06
0,055
25
K c 875.
Dt
109 250
2.( S C a )
ct
Et
5-33/103 [6] qc = 0,14
.qc 0,1285 0,155 (tha)
iu kin n nh ca thn: (S Ca) = 11
5-34/ 103 [6]

Pct
1,144
.
(tha) 5-32/ 103 [6]
.K c .Et
ng sut nn chiu trc theo cng thc 5-48/107 [6]
Pct
5,6524 N/mm2
.( Dt S )( S Ca )
ng sut nn chiu trc cho php (5-31/103 [6])

[ n ] K c .Et .
S Ca
113,67 N/mm2
Dt
Kim tra n nh ca thn, thn chu tc dng ng thi p lc ngoi v lc nn

chiu trc: (5-47/107 [6])
n
P
5,6524
.
0,102
n
0 ,51 1 (tho )
[ n ] [ Pn ]
113.67
.
0 ,2215
Vy chiu dy thn bung bc ni III: S = 12 mm
V.1.2 Thn bung bc:
- Chn thn hnh tr v vt liu lm thn bung bc l CT3
- Thn bung bc c 1 l nhp liu, v 1 l thng p.
- Cui thn bung bc l phn hnh nn ct c g ni bung t v bung bc.
a. Bung bc ni I:
Thng s lm vic: Dt = Db = 2800 mm
Pt = 2,3 at Thn bung bc ni I chu p sut trong.
Nhit hi th
t = 123 oC
Thng s tnh ton: Ptt = Pd = 2,3 1 = 1,3 at = 0,127 N/mm2
Trang 32
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
( 143 oC) (hnh 1.1 trang 16 [6])

: H s hiu chnh = 0.95 (c bc lp cch nhit)
[] = []*
17[6]

[] = []* = 124,45 N/mm2
1-9/17 [6]
h : H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2
pha, vi Dt = 1800mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Xt:
124,45
0 ,95 985,22 > 25
0,12
trang 95 [6]
B dy ti thiu ca thn bung bc:

S'
Dt P
2h
2800 0,127
1,5 mm
2 125 0,95
5-3/96
[6]
B dy thc:
S = S + C
(mm)
5-9/96 [6]
(mm)
1-10/20 [6]
Ca
Chn Ca = 1 mm
Cb
Chn Cb = 0
Cc
Chn Cc = 0
Co
S = S + Ca = 1,5 + 1 = 2,5 mm
Kim tra bng 5-1 trang 94 [6] Vi Dt = 2800mm Chn S = 6 mm.
Kim tra iu kin bn: 5-10, 5-11/97 [6]
S Ca 6 1
0,00107 0,1 (tha)

Dt
2800
2 h S C a 2 125 0,95 6 1
0,253 > 0,1177

[ P]
Dt S C a
2800 6 1
Vy b dy thn bung boc ni I tha iu kin bn: S = 6 mm.
(do ni 1 c nng ln)
b. Bung bc ni II:
Trang 33
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Pt = 1 at Thn bung bc ni II lam viec o dieu kien chan ko
Nhit hi th:
t = 99 oC
Thng s tnh ton: Ptt = Pn = 1 at = 0,0981 N/mm2
( 119 oC) (hnh 1-1/16 [6])
h : H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2 pha,
vi Dt = 2800mm > 700mm h = 0,95
[] = []*
[] = []* = 125,4 N/mm2 1-9/17 [6]
Xt:
125,4
0,95 1214,4 > 25
0,0981
trang 95 [6]
B dy ti thiu ca thn bung bc:

S'
Dt P
2 h
2800 0,0981
1,156 mm
2 125 0,95
5-3/96 [6]
B dy thc:
S = S + C
(mm)
5-9/96 [6]
C = C a + Cb + Cc + C o
(mm)
1-10/20 [6]
Ca : H s b sung do n mn ha hc ca mi trng, mm
Chn Ca = 1 mm
Cb : H s b sung do bo mn c hc ca mi trng, mm
Chn Cb = 0
Cc : H s b sung do sai lch khi ch to, lp rp, mm
Chn Cc = 0
Co : H s b sung quy trn kch thc, mm.
S = S + Ca = 1,156+ 1 = 2,156 mm
Kim tra bng 5-1 trang 94 [6] Vi Dt = 2800mm
Chn S = 4 mm.
Kim tra iu kin bn: 5-10, 5-11/97 [6]
Trang 34
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
S Ca 4 1
0,00107 0.1 tha

Dt
2800
[ P]
2 h S C a 2 125 0,95 4 1
0,2553 > 0,0981

Dt S C a
2800 4 1
Vy b dy thn bung bc ni II tha iu kin bn: S = 4 mm.

c. Bung bc ni III:
Pt = 0,36 at Thn bung bc ni III chu p sut ngoi.
Nhit hi th
t = 73,05 oC
Thng s tnh ton: Ptt = Pn = 1 + (1 0,36) = 1,64 at = 0,161 N/mm2
t = 73,05 + 20 = 93,05 oC (c bc lp cch nhit)
L: chiu di tnh ton thn thit b, mm.
L = Hb = 2500 mm
( 93,05 oC) hnh 1-1/16 [6]
h
: H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip
mi 2 pha, vi Dt = 2800mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Et : moun n hi ca vt liu nhit lm vic, N/mm2
Tra bng 2-12/34 [6] Et = 1.95 x105 N/mm2
nc
: H s an ton Tra nc = 1,65
bng 1-6 trang 14 [6]
tc
: Gii hn chy ca vt liu lm thn nhit tnh ton, N/mm2.

ct [ ]* nc 138 1,65 207,7 N/mm2
B dy ti thiu ca thn chu p sut ngoi:
P L
S' 1,18 Dt nt
E
D
0.4
2500
0,161
=1,18 2800
5
1,9.10 2800
5-14/98 [6]
0.4
11,64 mm
B dy thc ca thn:
S = S + Ca = 11,64 + 1 = 12,64 mm
Tra bng XIII.9 trang 364 [5] Chn S = 14 mm.
Kim tra hai iu kin: 5-15, 5-16/99 [6]
Trang 35
1.5
1,5
2S Ca L
Dt
Dt
Dt
2S Ca
214 - 1
2500
0,14
0.893
.
2800
2800
2S C a
Dt
L
Et
0,3 t
c
Dt
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
2800
10,3 (tho)
214 1
214 1
2800 0,253
3
2500
1,9.10 5
0,892
0,3
.
2800
207
(tho)
Kim tra p sut ngoi cho php: 5-19 [6]
Pn 0,649 E Dt
L
t
S Ca
Dt
S Ca
Pn
Dt
2800 14 1
14 1
0,26
= 0,649 2 10

2500 2800
2800
2
N / mm 2 > 0,161 (tha)
Kim tra n nh ca thn khi chu tc dng ca lc nn chiu trc:

Lc nn chiu trc: (trang 110 [6])
.( D 2 S ) 2
.(2800 2 14 ) 2
t
P
.P
. 0 ,161 =1011287,3
ct
4
4
(N)
Dt
(trang 103 [6])
2.( S C a )
Xc nh h s kc theo t s
Dt
2.( S C a )
qc
25
50
100
150
200
250
500
1000
2000
2500
0,05
0,098
0,14
0,15
0,14
0,118
0,08
0,06
0,055
Dt
107,3 <250
2.( S C a )
5-33/103 [6] qc = 0,14
Trang 36
K c 875.
ct
.qc 0,13
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
0,155
(tha)
5-34/ 103 [6]
iu kin n nh ca Thn: (S Ca) = 11
Pct
3.,56 (tha) 5-32 /103 [6]
.K c .Et
Et
ng sut nn chiu trc theo cng thc:
5-48/107 [6]
Pct
8,2 N/mm2
.( Dt S )( S Ca )
ng sut nn chiu trc cho php:

[ n ] K c .Et .
5-31/103 [6]
S Ca
117,69 N/mm2
Dt
Kim tra n nh ca thn, thn chu tc dng ng thi p lc ngoi v lc nn

chiu trc:
5-47/107 [6]
n
P
8,2
n
[ n ] [ Pn ] 117,69
.
0 ,161
0 ,26
0 ,688 1 (tho)
Vy chiu dy thn bung bc ni III: S = 14 mm.
V.2 Tnh bn cho y v np thit b:

V.2.1 Np thit b:
Chn np elip tiu chun (Rt = Dt = Db =2800 mm) v vt liu lm np l thp CT3.
Np c g, trong :
Chiu cao phn np elip: h = 700 mm.
Chiu cao phn g:
hg = 60 mm.
Np c 1 l dn hi th. Chn ng knh l d mm (theo ng knh ng dn hi th
sau)
Trang 37
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
hg
ht
Dt
Hnh 3: Np elip
a. Np ni I:
Thng s lm vic:
Rt = Dt = 2800 mm
Pt = 2,3 at Np ni I chu p sut trong.
t = 123 oC
P = 2,3 1 = 1,3 at = 0,12753 N/mm2

( 143oC) (hnh 1-1 [6])
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95 (c bc lp cch nhit)

17[6]
2
[]
: ng sut cho php khi ko, N/mm
[] = []* = 124,45 N/mm2.
1-9/17 [6]
h
: H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2
pha, vi Dt = 2800mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Ta chn b dy ca np ni I theo b dy ca thn bung bc ni I S = 6 mm.
Ca
Chn Ca = 1 mm
trang 20 [6]
Kim tra bn: 6-10, 6-11 trang 126 [6]
S Ca 6 1
(tho)
D 2800 0,00107 0,125
[ P] 2 h S C a 2 125 0,95 6 1 0,254 P 0,1275 (tho)
Rt S C a
2800 6 1
Thng s tnh ton:
Vy chiu dy np ni I: S = 6 mm.
Trang 38

b. Np ni II:
Thng s lm vic:
Thng s tnh ton:
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Rt = Dt = 2800 mm
Pt = 1,0 at Np ni II chu p sut trong
t = 99 oC
Pn = 1+ 0 = 1,0 at = 0,0981 N/mm2
t = 99 + 20 = 119 oC (np c bc cch nhit)

[]*
: ng sut cho php tiu chun, N/mm2 Tra []* = 132 N/mm2
( 119oC)
hnh 1-1 [6]
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95 (c bc lp cch nhit)

17 [6]
2
[] : ng sut cho php khi ko, N/mm
[] = []* = 125,4 N/mm2
1-9/17 [6]
h
: H s bn mi hn, chn ch hn t ng di lp thuc, hn gip mi 2
pha, vi Dt = 2800mm > 700mm h = 0,95
Ta chn b dy ca np ni I theo b dy ca thn bung bc ni II S = 4 mm.
Ca : H s b sung do n mn ha hc ca mi trng, mm
Chn Ca = 1 mm
trang 20 [6]
Kim tra bn: 6-10, 6-11 trang 126 [6]
S Ca 4 1
(tho)
D 2800 0.00107 0,125
[ P] 2 h S C a 2 125 0,95 4 1 0.254 P 0,0981 (tho)
Rt S C a
2800 4 1
Vy chiu dy np ni II: S = 4 mm
c. Np ni III:
Thng s lm vic:
Rt = Dt = 2800 mm
Pt = 0,36 at Np ni I chu p sut ngoi.
0
t = 73,05 C
Thng s tnh ton:
Pn = 1 + (1 0,36) = 1,64 at = 0,161 N/mm2
t = 73,05 + 20 = 93,05 oC (np c bc cch nhit)
[]* : ng sut cho php tiu chun, N/mm2 Tra []* = 138 N/mm2
( 93.05oC) hnh 1-1 [6]
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95 (c bc lp cch nhit) 17 [6]

[] = []* = 131,1 N/mm2
Et
1-9/17 [6]
: mun n hi ca vt liu nhit lm vic ca n, N/mm2.
Tra bng 2-12 trang 34 [6] Et = 1,96.105 N/mm2
Trang 39
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
nc
tc
: Gii hn chy ca vt liu nhit tnh ton, N/mm2.
bng 1-6 trang 14 [6]
ct [ ]* nc 138 1,65 2277 (N/mm2)

x
ty
tc :T s gii hn ca vt liu lm np vi gii hn chy ca n nhit tnh

ton (i vi thp cacbon x = 0,9).
trang 127 [6]
Ta chn b dy np ni III bng b dy thn bung bc ni III ch hn vi np
S = 14 mm.
Kim tra iu kin n nh ca np theo cng thc:
Rt 2800
0,15 E t 0,15 2 10 5
200
143,4
.
S
14
x ct
0,9 227,7
.
Kim tra p sut tnh ton cho php bn trong thit b:
Pn 2.[ n ](S Ca ) 2 131,1

.Rt
2,55
(14 1)
0,47
2800
7
E t (S Ca ) 5xRt ct
vi t
2,55
E (S Ca ) 6.7 xRt (1 x) ct
[Pn]=0,477> P=0,161 (tho)
6-13/127
[6]
trang 127
[6]
Vy chiu dy ca np ni III: S = 14 mm
V.2.2 y thit b:
Chn y nn tho liu tt v vt liu lm y l thp khng g X18H10T.
R
Chn y c na gc nh nn 30o C , t 0.15
Dt
Chn y nn c g vi: Dt = 2400mm
bng XIII.21 trang 394 [5]
Chiu cao phn nn:
H = 2175 mm.
Chiu cao phn g:
Hg = 50 mm.
Trang 40
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Dt
30
Ta chn chiu cao ca dung dch dng ln trong bung bc l 200mm

Chiu cao ct thy tnh
H = Hdd + Hthn bung t + Hy
H = (1200 + 2500) + (2175 + 50) = 5925 mm
p sut thy tnh:
Ptt = dd.g.H = 1240 9.,81 5.925
,
0,072 N/mm2
a. y ni I:
y ni I chu p sut trong.
Pt = 2,3at
Pd = 2.3 1 =1,3 at = 0,12753 N/mm2
tsdd = 132,95 oC
P = Pd + Ptt = 0,12753 + 0,072 = 0,19953(N/mm2)
( 152,95oC) hnh 1-2 [6]
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95
[]:ng sut cho php khi ko, N/mm2
[] = []* = 133 N/mm2.
1-9/17 [6]
h : H s bn mi hn h = 0,95
y: H s hnh dng Chn y = 1,4
(bng 6-3 [6], 30o C , R/D = 0,15)
Chn b dy ca y theo b dy ca bung t :
Chn S = 8 mm.
Kim tra p sut tnh ton cho php bn trong ca y nn: 6-24, 6-25/132 [6]
Thng s tnh ton:
Trang 41

4 S C a
P h
Dt y
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
4 133 0 , 95 8 1
2400 1,4
1,053 N/mm2
2 cos h S C a 2 cos 30 133 0 ,95 8 1
0,635 N/mm2
Dt 2 cos S C a
2400 2 cos 30 8 1
Hay:
p sut tnh ton cho php chn theo tr s nh ca 1 trong 2 gi tr va tnh
c.
trang 132[6]
Nh vy: [P] = 0,635 N/mm2 > P = 0,19953 N/mm2.
Vy chiu dy y ni I: S = 8 mm.
b . y ni II:
y ni II chu p sut trong
Pt = 1 at
Pd = 1 = 0,0981 N/mm2
o
sdd = 101,96 C
Thng s tnh ton:
P = Pd + Ptt = 0,0981 + 0,072 = 0,1701 (N/mm2)
121,96oC) (hnh 1-2 [6]
: H s hiu chnh = 0,95

[]
: ng sut cho php khi ko, N/mm2
[] = []* = 120,65 N/mm2. 1-9/17 [6]
h
: H s bn mi hn h = 0,95
: H s hnh dng Chn y = 1,4

o
(bng 6-3 [6] 30 C , R/D = 0,15)
Chn b dy ca y theo b dy ca bung t :
Chn S = 4 mm.
Kim tra p sut tnh ton cho php bn trong ca y nn: 6-24, 6-25/132 [6]
hS Ca 4 120,65 0,95 4 1
P 4
0,41 N/mm2
Dt y
24001,4
y

P 2 cos hS C a 2 cos 30 120,65 0,95 4 1 0,25
Dt 2 cos S C a
2400 2 cos 30 4 1
N/mm2
Hay:
p sut tnh ton cho php chn theo tr s nh ca 1 trong 2 gi tr va tnh c.
trang 132[6]
Trang 42
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Nh vy: [P] = 0,25 N/mm2 > P = 0,1701 N/mm2.

Vy chiu dy y ni II: S = 4 mm.
c. y ni III:
y ni II chu p sut ngoi.
Thng s lm vic:
Dt = 2400 mm
Pt = 0,36 at
Pd = 1+ 1 0,36 = 1,64 at = 0,161 N/mm2
tsdd = 75,31 oC
Thng s tnh ton:
P = Pd + Ptt = 0,161 + 0,072 = 0,233 (N/mm2)
l: Chiu di tnh ton ca y, mm.
l = 2175 mm.
D: ng knh tnh ton ca y, mm. 6-29/133 [6]
0,9D t 0.1Dt1 0,.9 2400 0,1 50
2500 mm
D '
cos
cos 30
Vi Dt1: ng knh trong b ca y nn, mm
Chn Dt1 = 50 mm.
[]* : ng sut cho php tiu chun, N/mm2
Tra []* = 143 N/mm2. ( 95,31oC) (hnh 1-2 [6])
Et
: moun n hi ca vt liu nhit lm vic ca n, N/mm2.
Tra Et = 2.105 N/mm2.
nc
t
: Gii hn chy ca vt liu nhit tnh ton, N/mm2.
c
ct [ ]* nc 143 1,65 235,95
. N/mm2
Chn b dy y bng b dy thn bung bc chu p sut ngoi
S = 14 mm.
Kim tra iu kin: 5-15, 5-16/99 [6]
2S C a l '
D'
1,5
D'
D'
2S C a
2500
1,5 214 - 1 0,153 2175 0, 87
9,8 (tho)
2500
2500
.
2
14
1
3
E t 2S C a
l'
D' 0,3 t
D'
5
2175 0,87 0,3 2 10 214 1 0,27 (tho)
2500
235,9 2500
Kim tra p sut ngoi tnh ton cho php: 5-19/99 [6]
Trang 43
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Pn 0, 649Et D' S Ca S Ca Pn
2
l ' D'
D'
5/2
2500 141
5
0,649 210
0,291 0,233 (tho)

2175 2500
Kim tra n nh ca y khi chu tc dng ca lc nn chiu trc:
Lc nn chiu trc cho php ca y nn: CT trang 110 [6]
PCT
D'2S 2
4
Pn
2500 2 14
4
D'
2500 96,15
2S Ca 214 1
tra qC = 0.09 trang 103 [6]
ct
235,9
K
875
qC 875
0,09
H s
C
t
E
2 105
n nh ca thn: 5-32/103 [6]
0,233 1169499,2 N
T s:
S Ca
5-33/103 [6]
0,092 0,155
5-34/103[6]
PCT
1169499,2
(tho)
14 1 13
4,498
.
t
K C E
0.092 2 105
Kim tra n nh ca y khi chu tc dng ng thi ca p sut ngoi v lc

nn chiu trc:
ng sut nn chiu trc: 5-48/107 [6]
PCT
1169499,2
n
11,39 N/mm2
D' SS Ca 2500 14 14 1
ng sut nn chiu trc cho php: 5-31/103 [6]
[ n ] K C E t
S Ca
14 1
0,092 2 10 5
D'
2500
95,68 N/mm2
iu kin: 5-47/107 [6]
n
P
11,39
.
0 ,233
n
0,593 1 tha
.
0,491
n Pn 95.688
Vy chiu dy y ni III: S = 14 mm
V.3 Tnh bch, m, bu lng, v ng v tay treo:

Trang 44
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
V.3.1 Tnh bch:

Chn bch lin kiu 1, chu c p sut ti a l 0.6 N/mm2.
Chn vt liu:
Bch ni bung bc np: thp CT3.
Bch ni bung bc bung t: thp X18H10T.
Bch ni bung t y nn ct: thp CT3.
Hnh 4: Bch lin kiu 1

Bng 17: Thng s ca bch (bng XIII.27 P417 [5])
Bch ni np vi
bung bc
Bch ni bung t vi y
Bch ni bung t vi bung
bc
ng knh trong ca thn Dt (mm)

2800
ng knh vnh ngoi bch D (mm)
3000
ng knh cho n tm bu lng Db
2920
(mm)
ng knh n vnh ngoi m D1
2870
(mm)
ng knh n vnh trong m Do
2819
(mm)
B dy bch h (mm)
60
ng knh bu lng db (mm)
M36
S lng bu lng Z (ci)
60
V.3.2 m:
Chn m paronit c b dy S = 3 mm.
V.3.3 Bulng ghp bch:
a. Bulng ghp bch bung bc v np:
db = 36 mm. Vt liu lm bulng l thp CT3.
Lc nn chiu trc sinh ra do sit bulng:
Q1
2
D t P D tb bo mP
4
2400
2570
2500
2460
2415
56
M30
56
(N)
Lc cn thit p cht m ban u: Q 2 D tb bo q o

Q
qb
(N)
z
Trang 45
7-10/155 [6]
(N)
7-11/155 [6]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Lc tc dng ln 1 bulng:
trang 157 [6]
ng sut tc dng ln bulng:
qb
(N/mm2 ) trang 157 [6]
d t2
4
Trong :
Dt
: ng knh trong ca thit b, mm => Dt = 2800 mm.
P
: p sut mi trng trong thit b, N/mm2
P = 1,3 at = 0,0127 N/mm2.
Dtb
: ng knh trung bnh ca vng m, mm. (Bng XIII.31 p433 [5])
D D0 2870 2819
2844,5 mm
Dtb 1
2
2
b : B rng thc ca m, mm => b = (2870-2819)/2 = 25,5 mm.

bo : B rng tnh ton ca m, mm
Chn bo = 0,7b = 0,7.25,5 = 17,85 mm
m : H s p sut ring Tra m = 2
qo : p sut ring cn thit lm bin dng do m
Tra qo = 10 N/mm2 bng 7-5/156 [6]
Z : S lng bulng. Z = 60 ci
dt: ng knh chn ren bulng, mm
dt = 25,706 mm. bng PL-2/141 [7]
Q : lc nn chiu trc, N ly gi tr ln nht gia Q1 v Q2 (t.157 [6])
[ ] : ng sut cho php ca vt liu lm bulng nhit bung bc (bng 77/158 [6])
[ ] 85 N / mm 2 ca thp CT3 nhit 1230C.
26585,3
51,23 N / mm 2 [ ] 85 (N/mm2 ) tho
25,706 2
4
Q1 108660.

.
Q2 1595122,46
. (N)
q b 26585,4
51,23
.
(N/mm 2 )
b. Bulng ghp bch bung t v y:

Tnh tng t nh trn ta c:
Dt= 2400 mm
P = 0,19953 N/mm2
Dtb = 2437,5 mm
B = 22,5 mm
b0 = 15,75 mm
Trang 46
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
z = 56 ci
dt = 20,319 mm (bng PL-2/141 [7])
Tra cc thng s m = 2, q0 = 10 N/mm2
Q1 ,9 N

.
(N)
Q2 1206077,05
q b 21537,09 (N)
66,419 (N/mm 2 )
Tra [] = 85,3 N/mm2 > (tho)

V.3.4 V ng:
- Dng gi cht cc u ng truyn nhit.
- Chn v ng hnh trn phng v vt liu lm v ng l thp khng g X18H10T. - B tr theo hnh tam gic u.
- B dy v ng:
d
57
5 12,12 mm
h' n 5
8-51/182
[6]
8
8
Vi dn l ng knh ngoi ca ng (mm)

B dy thc v ng:
S = h + C = 12,12 +22,88= 35 mm
Vi C l h s qui trn kch thc
ng sut cho php tiu chun [ ]* 1 38N / mm 2 theo thp X18H10T nhit si
ca dung dch 132,950C. (hnh 1-2/16 [6])
H s an ton nB=2,6 bng 1-6/14 [6]
[ ]u [ ]* n B 138 2,6 359 N / mm 2
Gii hn bn un
Kim tra ng sut un ca v ng: 8-53/183 [6]
P
tt
[ u ]
2
d n S
3,61 0,7
t ' t '
tt
0,3924
57 35
3,61 0,7
69,1 69,1
Trong :
Trang 47
1,01 364 (tho)
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
P
: p sut tnh ton ln nht trong ng hoc khng gian ngoi ng, N/
mm2. P = (5 1) at = 4 at = 0,3924 N/ mm2.
3
3
3
dn
69,1
1,4 57
t ' t. sin 60 o t
2
2
2
dn = 57 mm
Vy chiu dy v ng: S = 35 mm.
V.2.5 Tai treo:
Chn vt liu lm tai treo l thp CT3, s tai l 4, c 2 gn trn 1 tai .
V.2.6 Khi lng thit b:
Khi lng ring ca thp CT3: 7850 kg/m3 bng XII.7/313 [5]
Khi lng ring ca thp khng g X18H10T: 7900 kg/m3
bng XII.7/313 [5]
Ta chn ni I tnh v y l ni dung dch c nng ln nht (nng nht).
Khi lng dung dch ln nht c th c trong ni c c:
Gdd = Gd (kg)
3600
Vi : Thi gian lu trung bnh ca dung dch trong ni, s
Tnh thi gian lu trung bnh:
Vn tc dung dch chy trong ng tun hon trung tm
wd 2
v 2
Dth
'
w : vn tc dung dch chy vao ni,m/s w = 0,6 m/s

d : ng knh ng nhp liu, m
d = 0,05 m
( w v d c chn theo ng knh ng dn )
Dth : ng knh ng tun hon
Dth = 0,8 m
2
0,6 0,05
'
0,0023 m/s
0,8 2
Thi gian lu trung bnh ca dung dch trong thit b:
H ng H ay 2,5 (2,175 0,05)
2054,34 s
t
'
0,0023
Khi lng dung dch:
G
6000 .
Gdd .
2054,34 = 3423,9 kg
3600
3600
Vt liu
Bng 18: Khi lng ni I

Thng s cn
Cng thc
thit
Trang 48
Khi lng
(kg)
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Dt 2,8 m
Dn Dt 2 S
Bung bc
CT3
2
D n D 2t H
4
S 6 mm
H 2,5m
1038
7850 kg / m 3
Dt 2,4 m
Dn Dt 2 S
Bung t
CT3
S 8 mm
H 2,5 m
2
D n D 2t H
4
1187,7
FS
604,12
FS
583,02
D l D n SH
2
76,94
7850 kg / m 3
Dt 2,4 m
hg 50mm
y nn
X18H10T
S 8
F 9,559 m 2
7900 kg / m 3
Dt 2,8 m
hg 60mm
Np elip
X18H10T
S 6 mm
F 12,3
. m2
7900 kg / m 3
Dlon 2,8 m
Dnho 2,4 m
y nn ct X18H10T S 6 mm
H 0,2 m
7900 kg / m 3
Trang 49
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
n 690 ng
d n 57 mm
d t 52 mm
ng truyn
H 2,5 m
nhit v ng X18H10T
Dth ,n 806 mm
trung tm
Dth ,t 800mm
nd
4
2
n
d t2 Dth2 ,n Dth2 ,t H
5979,58
7900 kg / m3
Dt 2,4 m
n 690
d n 57 mm
V ng
X18H10T Dth,n 0,806 m

S 35 mm
D
4
2
t
nd n2 Dth2 ,n S
622,63
7900 kg / m 3
CT3
Mt bch
X18H10T
& CT3
D 3m
D0 2,819 m
D 2,570 m
D0 2,415 m
X18H10T
4 ( D
i 1
2
i
D02i ) H i
868,8
D 2,570 m
D0 2,415 m
Chi tit khc
Tng khi
lng (kg)
G tng (c
dung dch) kg
V.2.7 Ti trng tc dng ln mt tai treo:
Q
75,000
11019,26
14443,16
Gtong 9,81 14443,16 9,81
35421,85 (N)
4
4
8-68/191 [6]
Ta chn ti trng mt bn tai l 4 (tn).

Bng 17: Thng s ca tai treo
F
2
(mm )
c
(mm)
a
(mm)
b
(mm)
H
(mm)
Trang 50
S
(mm)
d
(mm)
Trng
lng
29700
190
160
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
170
280
10
30
(N)
73,5
25
30
80
10
190
25
290
170
10
180
Hnh 4: Tai treo
V.4 Tnh kch thc ng dn:

Chn vt liu: ng dn dung dch: thp khng g X18H10T
ng dn hi t v nc ngng: thp CT3
ng knh ca cc ng c tnh theo cng thc:
4Gs
dt
(m)
Trong :
: Lu lng lu cht, kg/s.
: Tc ca lu cht i trong ng, m/s. trang 74 [5]
: Khi lng ring ca lu cht, kg/m3.
Bng 19: ng knh ng dn
Gs (kg/s) (kg/m3) Chn (m/s) dt (m)
Loi ng dn
ng nhp liu ni III
3,333
1048,1
0,6
0,082
ng nhp liu ni II
2,61
1060
0,6
0,072
ng nhp liu ni I
1,81
1287,5
0,6
0,055
ng tho liu ni I
0,833
1255,5
0,5
0,041
ng dn hi t ni I
1,19
2,614
30
0,14
ng dn hi th ni I
0,95
1,107
30
0,19
ng dn hi th ni II
0,81
0,579
30
0,243
ng dn hi th ni III
0,72
0,245
40
0,306
ng dn nc ngng ni I
1,19
917,3
1,5
0,033
ng dn nc ngng ni II
0,95
943,4
1,5
0,029
ng dn nc ngng ni III
0,81
958,8
1,5
0,027
Gs
chun (mm)
100
100
100
50
150
250
250
320
50
50
50
V.5 Knh quan st:

Ta dng ca quan st kim tra cht lng bn trong. Ca quan st hnh trn, c ng knh 100
mm c lp vo thn bung bc.
V.6 Tng kt thit b chnh:
Trang 51
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Bng 20: Tng kt thit b chnh

Phn thit b
Vt liu
Thng s
Ni I
ng knh Dt (mm)
2400
2500
Thn bung t X18H10T
Chiu cao H (mm)
8
B dy S (mm)
ng knh Dt (mm)
2800
3000
Thn bung bc X18H10T
Chiu cao H (mm)
8
B dy S (mm)
ng knh Dt (mm)
2800
700
Chiu cao np ht (mm)
60
Np
X18H10T Chiu cao g hg (mm)
250
ng knh l d (mm)
8
B dy S (mm)
ng knh Dt (mm)
2400
Chiu cao y Ht (mm) 2175
50
y
X18H10T Chiu cao g Hg (mm)
50
ng knh l d (mm)
8
B dy S (mm)
ng knh Dl (mm)
2800
B phn ni
2400
ng knh Dn (mm)
bung t vi X18H10T
200
Chiu cao H (mm)
bung bc
8
B dy S (mm)
V ng
X18H10T
B dy S (mm)
35
52
ng knh trong
2500
(mm)
ng truyn nhit X18H10T
2,5
Chiu cao H (mm)
ng tun hon
trung tm
X18H10T
Bch ni np vi
bung bc
CT3
Bulng
Bch ni bung
t v bung bc. X18H10T
Bulng
Bch ni bung
t v y.
CT3
Bulng
m
Paronit
CT3
Tai treo
B dy S (mm)
ng knh D (mm)
Chiu cao H (mm)
B dy S (mm)
ng knh D (mm)
Chiu dy h (mm)
ng knh db (mm)
ng knh D (mm)
Chiu cao h (mm)
ng knh db (mm)
ng knh D (mm)
Chiu cao h (mm)
ng knh db (mm)
B dy S (mm)
800
2500
3
3000
60
36
1550
35
30
2570
56
30
3
Ni II Ni III Ghi ch
2400
2400
2500
2500
8
14
2800
2800
3000
3000
8
14
2800
2800
700
700
Np elip c
60
60
g
tiu chun
250
250
8
14
2400
2175
50
50
8
2400
2175
50
50
14
y nn loi
II c g tiu
chun
2800
2400
200
8
2800
2400
200
14
y nn ct
35
52
2500
2,5
800
2500
3
3000
60
36
1550
35
30
2570
56
30
3
Trn phng
52
2500
2,5
Bch lin kiu

1.
60 ci.
Bch lin kiu
1.
56 ci.
Bch lin kiu
1.
56 ci.
4 tai treo, 2
gn trn 1 tai
treo
Trang 52

CHNG VI
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
TNH THIT B PH
VI.1 Thit b ngng t Baromet:

VI.1.1 Lng nc lnh cn ti vo thit b ngng t:
Gn
W3 i3 C n t 3 c
(kg/s)
C n t 3 c t 2 3
III-35/123
[2]
Trong :
W3
: Lng hi i vo thit b ngng t, kg/s.
=> W3 = 0,325 kg/s.
i2
: Hm nhit ca hi ngng t, J/kg.
=> i2 = 2263140 J/kg.
t2, t2c: Nhit u v cui ca nc lnh, 0C.
Chn:
t2 = 30 0C
t2c = tng 5 = 72,05 5 = 67,1 0C

Nhit trung bnh ca nc:
t t
30 67.05
ttb = 2 d 2 c
48,53 0C
2
2
Cn
Suy ra:
: Nhit dung ring trung bnh ca nc ng vi ttb, J/kg

Cn = 4178 j/kg. (trang 310 [4])
,
2263140 4178 67.,1
0.325
Gn
= 4,16 kg/s
4178 67,.1 30
VI.1.2 Th tch khng kh v kh khng ngng cn ht ra khi thit b ngng t

baromet:
Lng khng kh cn ht ra khi thit b ngng t:
Gkk 25 10 6 (Gn W3 ) 10 2 W3
VI-47 [5]
6
2
3
= 25 10 ( 4,16 0,325 ) 10 0,325 7,82 10 kg/s
W2 : Lng khng kh i vo thp ngng t do r r, kg/s.

Th tch khng kh cn ht ra khi thit b ngng t:
Vkk
288Gkk (273 t kk )
Png Ph
(m3/s)
Trong :
Trang 53
VI-49 [5]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Png : p sut lm vic ca thit b ngng t, N/m2

=> Png = 0,35 at = 34335 N/m2
Ph: p sut ring phn ca hi nc trong hn hp (tra tkk), N/m2
Nhit ca khng kh c tnh theo cng thc sau (i vi thit b ngng t
trc tip loi kh): VI-50 [5]
tkk = t3 + 4 + 0,1(t3c t3) = 30 + 4 + 0,1(67,1 30) = 37,71 oC
Tra Ph = 0,0698 at = 6846,81 N/m2
Suy ra: Vkk 288 7,82 10 ( 273 37,71) 25,5

. 10 3 m3/s
34335 6846 ,81
VI.1.3 Cc kch thc ch yu ca thit b ngng t Baromet :
a. ng knh trong ca thit b ngng t Baromet :
W3
Dba = 1,383
(m)
III-36/123 [2]
h h
Trong :
W3
: Lng hi ngng tu, kg/s
: Khi lng ring ca hi, kg/m3.
W3 = 0,2378 kg/m3 bng I.250/312 [4]
h : Tc ca hi trong thit b ngng t, m/s.

Chn h = 25 m/s trang 85[5]
Dba= 1,383
0,325
0,323 m
0,2378 25
Chn ng knh ca thit b ngng t Baromet: Dba = 0,6 m.

b. Kch thc tm ngn:
Tm ngn c dng hnh vin phn vi chiu rng l:
D ba
600
b=
+ 50 =
+ 50 = 350 mm
2
2
III-37/123 [2]
Chn nc lm ngu l nc sch th ng knh l l: d = 2 mm t85 [5]

Chn chiu day ca tm ngn ( 3 5mm ): chn = 4 mm.
t85 [5]
Chn chiu cao g tm ngn: ho = 40 mm.
c. Chiu cao thit b ngng t:
Mc un nng nc c xc nh theo cng thc:
t t
67,.1 30
0 ,861
P 32c 2 3d
t ng t 3 d 73,1 30
Ta c s sau: (bng VI.7/86 [5]) chn gi tr ln nht
S bc: 4
S tm ngn: n = 8
Khong cch gia cc ngn: htb = 400 mm
Thi gian ri qua 1 bc: t = 0,41s
Trang 54
t85 [5]
VI-56/85 [5]
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Chiu cao ca thit b ngng t c th tnh theo cng thc:

Hba = n.htb + 0,8 = 8 0,.410,.8 4,.08 m
III-36/124 [2]
Ly theo tiu chun Hba = 4,3m vi bng tiu chun.

Tra bng VI.8/88 [5]
Bng 21: Theo tiu chun ho quy cch TBNT ta c cc kch thc
K hiu cc kch thc
K hiu
ng knh trong ca thit b
Dtr
Kch thc (mm)

600
Chiu dy ca thnh thit b
Khong cch t ngn trn cng n np thit b
1300
Khong cch t ngn cui cng n y thit b
1200
B rng ca tm ngn
300
KC gia tm ca TB ngng t v TB thu hi
K1
725
Chiu cao ca h thng thit b
4550
Chiu rng ca h thng thit b
1400
ng knh ca thit b thu hi
D1
Chiu cao ca thit b thu hi
400
1400
Khong cch gia cc ngn:

a1
260
300
a2
a3
a4
360
400
430
a5
ng knh cc ca ra v vo:
-Hi vo
350
-Nc vo
d1
125
-Hn hp kh v hi ra
d2
100
Trang 55
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
-Ni vi ng Baromet
d3
150
-Hn hp kh v hi vo thit b thu hi
d4
100
d5
70
-Hn hp kh v hi ra khi thit b thu hi

-Ni t thit b thu hi n ng Baromet
d6
-ng thng kh
50
-
d7
d8
d. Kch thc ng Baromet:
- TBNT Baromet lm vic p sut chn khng 0.4812 at. Do , m bo thit b
lm vic bnh thng, cn phi tho hn hp nc lnh v nc ngng t ra ngoi bng
ng Baromet.
- ng knh trong ca ng Baromet c tnh bng cng thc:
0.004 Gn W2
d ba
(m)
III-40/124 [2]
Trong :
Gn
: Lng nc lnh ti vo thp, kg/s => G n= 4,16 (kg/s)
W3
: Lng hi ngng t, kg/s => W3 = 0,325(kg/s)
: Tc ca hn hp nc lnh v nc ngng chy trong ng Baromet.
Suy ra:
Chn
= 0,55 m/s (trang 86 [5])
0,004 4.16 0.325
0 ,157 m = 160 mm
dba =
0,55
Chn ng knh ca ng Baromet: dba = 160 mm

Chiu cao ca ng Baromet c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
hba = h1 + h2 + 0,5 (m)
VI.58/86 [5]
Trong :
h1: Chiu cao ct nc trong ng Baromet cn bng vi hiu s gia p sut kh
quyn v p sut trong thit b ngng t:
b
h1 10,33
(m)
VI.59/86 [5]
760
Vi b l chn khng trong thit b ngng t, mmHg.
b = Pa Png = 760 0,35.735 = 502,75 mmHg
h1 = 6,83( m)
h2: chiu cao ct nc trong ng Baromet cn khc phc ton b tr lc khi
nc chy trong ng:
Trang 56
h2
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
1
2g
d
(m)
III-44/126 [2]
Vi : H s tr lc do ma st khi nc chy trong ng
: Tng tr lc cc b
Chn h s tr lc cc b khi vo ng l 1 = 0,5 v h s tr lc cc b khi ra
khi ng l 2 = 1
=> = 1,5
Tnh h s tr lc do ma st :
c: ttb = 48,53 0C Tra:
trang 87 [5]
= 987,875 kg/m3
= 0,557.10-3 Ns/m2
Chun s Re:
Re =
d ba 0,55 0,16 987,875
156073,6
0,557 10 3
Chn vt liu lm ng Baromet l thp CT3 ( tnh H s nhm vi ng dn nc

trong iu kin t r nn nhm = 2 mm.
Bng II.15/381 [4]
d ba
2
0,0125
160
nhm tng i:
Theo cng thc Cnacp (Re > 100000):
1
(1.8 log Re 1.5) 2
= 0,0170
Gi s chiu cao ca ng Baromet l: hba = 8 m.
0,55 2
8
1,5 0,052
h2
1 0,0170
2 9,81
0,16
(m)
Vy:
Suy ra:
hba = 6,83 + 0,052 + 0,5 = 7,38 (m) Nhn.
Vy chiu cao ca ng Baromet l: hba = 8 m
Bng 22: Thng s ca thit b ngng t Baromet
Lng nc lnh cn ti vo TBNT
Gn = 4,16 kg/s
Th tch khng kh cn ht ra khi TBNT
Vkk = 0,0255m3/s
Thit b
ng knh trong
Chiu cao
S ngn
Khong cch gia cc ngn
S bc
Thi gian ri qua 1 bc
Trang 57
Dba = 0,6 m
Hba = 4,3 m
n=8
htb = 0,4 m
K=4
t = 0,41 s
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
ng knh trong
Chiu cao
ng
dba = 0,16 m
hba = 8 m
h = 8 + 4,3 = 12,3 m
Tng chiu cao TBNT
VI.2 Thit b gia nhit dng nhp liu:

VI.2.1 Yu cu:
Nng sut nhp liu: 6000 kg/h
Nhit dung dch vo: 30 C
Nhit dung dch ra: 91 C
p sut hi t (hi nc bo ha): 5 at
Chn loi thit b ng chm thng ng, dung dch i trong ng, hi t i ngoi
ng, gia nhit nguyn liu t 30C n 91 C
VI.2.2 Tnh lng hi t cn dng:
o
t d 30 C
Dng lnh (nhp liu):
o
t c 91 C
Nhit trung bnh: t tb
t d t c 30 91
60.5 C
2
2
Dng nng (hi t): t = 151,1 oC

Hiu nhit u vo v u ra l:
t vao 151,1 30 121,1 oC
t ra 151,1 91 60,1 oC
Hiu s nhit trung bnh:
t log
t vao t ra 121,1 60,1
87,1
t vao
121,1
ln
ln
60,1
t ra
Phng trnh cn bng nng lng:

D.rh. (1- ) =G.( Cc.tc Ct) + Qtt
: m hi t = 5%
Gi s: Qtt = 0,05Drh (1- )
0,9 Drh = G(Cc.tc Ct)
Lng hi t cn dng:
G (C t C d t d )
D c c
0,9rh
Trang 58
3.11/177 [1]

D
Gd C t c t d
0.9rh
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
(kg/s)
Trong :
C
: Nhit dung ring trung bnh ca dung dch,J/kg
C = 4253.1 J/kg. (I.43, I.44, I.41/152 [4])
rh
: n nhit ngng t ca hi t, J/kg Tra r = 2117000 J/kg.
(bng I.251/314 [4]
Suy ra: D
6000 4253,1 91 30
817 kg/h = 0,227 kg/s
0,9 2117000
VI.2.3 Tnh h s truyn nhit:

a. Tnh nhit ti ring trung bnh:
Gi thit qu trnh l lin tc v n nh.
Tnh h s cp nhit pha hi ngng t:
r
(W/m2)
V.101/28 [5]
2.04A 4
t 1H
Trong :
H : Chiu cao ng truyn nhit, m Chn H = 2 m.
t1: Hiu s nhit gia thnh v hi ngng t, oC
Chn t1 3 oC
=> tw1 = t1 t1 = 151,1 3=148,1 oC
=> tm = 0,5(tw1 + t1) = 0,5(148,1 + 151,1) = 149,6 oC
Tra A = 193
r: n nhit ngng t ca hi t, j/kg (1) Tra r = 2117000 J/kg.
Suy ra: 1 = 9595,76 W/m2
Nhit ti ring ca hi t cp cho thnh thit b:
q1 = 1 t1 = 28787,3 W/m2
Nhit ti ring ca thnh thit b:
q
1
1
1
(t w1 t w 2 ) (

)( t w1 t w 2 )
r
rcau1 rcau2
Trong :
rc1
: Nhit tr cn bn pha hi t
rc2
=> rc1 = 0,252.10-3 m2/W

: Nhit tr cn bn pha dung dch => rc2 = 0,387.10-3 m2/W
V
: Nhit tr thnh thit b, m2/W.
Trang 59
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Chn vt liu lm ng truyn nhit l thp khng r X18H10T c h s dn

nhit l: = 16,3 W/m.
Chn b dy thnh ng l: v = 2,5 mm.
r (rc 1 V rc 2 ) 0,154
.
(m2 / W )
Xem mt mt nhit khng ng k:

q = q1 = q2
tw2 = tw1 q1 r = 143,23 oC
t2 = tw2 ttb = 83,13 oC
Tnh h s cp nhit pha dung dch:
Cp nhit khi dng chy cng bc theo ch chy dng:
0.25
0.33
0.43
0.1 Pr
Nu 0,15 1 Re Pr Gr t
Pr
Mt khc: Nu =
V.45/17[5]
2d
Pr
0,151 Re0.33 Pr0.43 Gr 0.1 t
Pr
2
d
0.25
(W/m2)
Trong :
d
: ng knh trong ca ng truyn nhit (m) Chn d = 0,057 m
: H s dn nhit ca cht lng (W/m) Tra = 0,5655(W/m.)
Bng I.130/135 [4]

gd3 2t 2
vd
C
trang 17 [5]
Gr
Re
Pr
3
Vi:
: Vn tc dng chy, m/s Chn v = 0,01 m/s
: H s dn n th tch, 1/ = 52.10-5 0C-1 bng I.235/285 [4]

1
1 = 1,0
: H s hiu chnh
bng V.2 /15 [5]
Cc thng s vt l tnh theo nhit ca mt tng tip xc vi dng tw2 cho Prt v
nhit trung bnh ttb ca dng cho cc chun s khc.
Bng 23: Cc thng s tra v tnh ton
C
Pr
(kg/m3) (j/kg)
( Ns/m2)
(W/m2)
ttb = 60,5 0C
1142,50
3558,1
0,001265
0,5655
7,9593
0
tw2 = 143,23 C
1006,47
3558,1
0,000886
0,5803
5,4324
v
Trang 60
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Re 514.68
Suy ra:
10 10
.
Gr 5.354
2 = 359,21 W/m2
Vy:
Nhit ti ring ca pha dung dch si:
q2 = 2t2 = 29861,79 W/m2
Kim tra sai s:
q q1
29861,79 28787,3
q 2
100%
3,6
. % 5%
q2
29861,79
Nhit ti trung bnh:
q q 2 29861,79 28787,3
29324,5 W/m2
qtb = 1
2
2
VI.2.4 Tnh h s truyn nhit:
q
29324,5
352,76
K tb
. W/m2
t log
83,13
CT28 [2]
VI.2.5 Tnh din tch truyn nhit:

F
1 1 rD 1 0,11 0,052117000 0,454 26,71 2

Q
m
Kt log
Kt log
352,76 87,1
Chn F = 40 m2.
VI.2.6 S ng truyn nhit:
F
40
111,68
n
dH 0,057 2
III-25/121 2]
Chn loi ng chm v b tr ng hnh lc gic u:

S hnh lc gic u
: 6 hnh
S ng trn ng cho
: 13 ng
Tng s ng truyn nhit l : 127 ng
VI.2.7 ng knh thit b gia nhit:
ng knh trong ca thit b gia nhit c tnh theo cng thc sau:
Dt = t(b 1) + 4d
(m) III-29/122 [2]
Trong :
d
: ng knh ngoi ca ng truyn nhit 0,057m,
t
: Bc ng, m Chn t = 1,2d
b
: S ng trn ng cho ca hnh lc gic u, ng.
b 1
4
n 1 13 ng
3
Trang 61

Suy ra:
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Dt = 1,0488 (m)
Chn ng knh chun cho thit b gia nhit l: Dt = 1,2 m
VI.2.8 Kch thc ca thit b gia nhit nhp liu:

H 2000 mm

D t 1200mm
d n 57mm
d 52mm
t
n 127
VI.3 Bn cao v:
-
Bn cao v c t cao sao cho thng c tr lc ca cc ng ng.

Phng trnh Bernoulli cho mt ct 1 1 (mt thong bn cao v) v mt ct 2 2 (mt
thong cht lng trong bung bc).
2
P v2
P v2 l
v
Z1 1 1 Z 2 2 2
g 2g
g 2g D
2g
Trong :
v1 = 0
v2 = v (m/s)
P1 = 1 at
P2 = 0,5 at
: Khi lng ring dung dch nhp liu 30C, kg/m3

Tra = 1075 kg/m3
: nht ca dung dch 30C, Ns/m2 = 0,94.10-3

Ns/m2 (bng I.101/91 [4])
Z1
: Chiu cao t bn cao v xung t, m.
Z2
: Chiu cao t mt thong cht lng trong bung bc xung t, m.
h1-2 : Tng tn tht p sut, m.
Xc nh h s ma st trong ng:
Chn ng knh ng dn: dht = dy = d = 52 mm.
chy trong ng:
4Q
4 6000
0,73 m/s
v
2
d t
3600 1075. 0,052 2
Chun s Reynolds:
Trang 62
Re
vd t
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
0,052 1075
43411
0,94 10 3
Chn vt liu lm ng l thp khng g X18H10T nhm = 0,2 mm

Re gh
d
6 t

8/7
d
Re n 220 t

52
6
0.2
9/8
8/7
3452,3
52
220
0.2
II.60/378 [4]
9/8
114621.
II.62/379[4]
V Regh < Re < Ren

Nn h s ma st: II.64/380 [4]
100
0,11,46
d t Re
0.25
0.2
100
0,11,46
52
43411
0.25
0,030
+ Chn chiu di ng: L = 10 m

+ H s cc b ti ming ng vo: vo = 0,5
+ H s cc b ti ming ng ra: ra = 1
+ H s cc b ti co 90o: co = 0,9
+ H s cc b ti van: van = 0,2
Tng h s tn tht cc b:
vao 3 co90 van ra 0,5 3 0,9 0,2 1 4,4
Chn chiu di ng ng t bn cao v n ca nhp liu ni I: L = 10 m.
Tn tht p sut trn ng ng dn:
2
v2 l
10
1.46
4,4 1,084 m
h12

0,030
2g d
0,052
2 9,81
Chiu cao t ca nhp liu ni I n mt thong ca bn cao v:

H Z1 Z 2
P2 P1 9,81 10 4 v22 v12
h
g
0,5 1 9.81 10 4
Suy ra: H =
1075 9,81
1 2
(m)
2g
0,73 0
1,084 3,54 m
2 9,81
2
Trang 63
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Vy cn t bn cao v thp hn ca nhp liu ni I khong 3 m. Tuy nhin n nh

dng chy ta t bn cao v cao hn ca nhp liu ni I khong 0,5 m
VI.4 Lp cch nhit:

Vt liu: bng thu tinh. Ta tnh cho ni I, cn lp cch nhit ni sau ly nh ni I.
t t
VI.66/92 [5]
C C T1 T 2 (m)
n t T 2 t kk
tT1
: Nhit lp cch nhit tip xc thnh thit b (hi t), C => tT1 = 151,1 C
tT2
: Nhit b mt lp cch nhit v pha khng kh, C Chn tT2 = 45 C
tkk
: Nhit khng kh, C Chn tkk = 30 C
C
: H s dn nhit ca vt liu cch nhit, W/m Tra C = 0,12W/m. Hnh
I.36/129 [4]
n
: H s cp nhit t b mt ngoi ca lp cch nhit n khng kh, W/m2.
n = 9,3 + 0,058tT2 = 9,3 + 0,058 45 = 11,91 W/m2 VI.67 [5]
Suy ra: 0,12 151,1 45 0,071 m .Vy b dy lp cch nhit l: C = 7,5 cm.
C
11,91
45 30
VI.5 Bm:
VI.5.1 Bm nc cho thit b ngng t, bm nhp liu ni III v ni II, ni I ,bm
tho liu ni I:
Cng sut ca bm:
N
Q v gH
1000
(KW)
10.7/33 [7]
Trong :
H
: Ct p ca bm, m.
: Hiu sut ca bm.

: Khi lng ring ca cht lng, kg/m3.
Qm
: Lu lng khi lng cht lng vo bm, kg/s.
Qv
: Lu lng th tch cht lng vo bm, m3/s.
Q
Q V m (m3/s)
Phng trnh Bernoulli cho mt ct 1 1 v mt ct 2 2 ( cao cao hn).

P1 1v 12
P2 2 v 22
Z1
H Z2
h12
2g
2g
Xc nh h s ma st trong ng:
Chn ng knh ng dn: dht = dy = d
Vn tc dng chy trong ng: v 4Q2 (m/s)
d
Chun s Reynolds:
vd
Re
Trang 64
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
Chn vt liu l ng:

d
Regh = 6
Ta c:
8/ 7
d
Ren = 220
9/ 8
Nu Regh < Re < Ren

Th h s ma st:
100
0.11.46
d Re
0.25
Tng h s tn tht cc b:
a vao b co90 c van d ra
vo = 0,5
ra = 1,0
co 90 = 0,9
van = 0,2
Chn l: Chiu di ng ng, m.
Trong :
h1 2
Tn tht p sut:
Ct p ca bm:
(kg/m3)
Qm (kg/s)
Qv (m3/s)
v1 (m/s)
v2 (m/s)
P1 (at)
P2 (at)
(Ns/m2)
Z1 (m)
Z2 (m)
v2 l

2g d
P2 P1 9.81 10 4
(m)
v12
h1 2 (m)
H = Z 2 Z 1
g
2g
Q gH
Suy ra cng sut bm: N v
(KW)
1000
Bng 24: Tnh ton bm
Bm nhp
Bm nhp Bm nhp liu Bm tho liu
liu ni III
liu ni II
ni I
ni I
0,8
0,8
0,8
0,8
1048,1
1060
1287,5
1255,5
3,333
2,62
1,81
0,833
2
2
Bm nc cho
thit b ngng t
0,8
987,875
9,85
0,0032
0,0025
0,007
0,0014
0,01
0
0
1,0000
0,36
0,00094
0,5
5,2
0
0
0,36
1
0.00045
5
5,2
0
0
1
2,3
0,0003436
5
5,2
0
0
2,3
1
0,0002740
5
0,5
0
0
1
0,3345
0,0008
0,5
14
Trang 65

50
0,6
33450
X18H10T
0,2
3301
109674
0,0336
3,5
10
l (m)
h1-2 (m)
0,1814
0,577
H (m)
0,0687
N (KW)
1,5
N chn (Hp)
VI.5.2 Bm chn khng:
* Cng sut bm tiu hao:
d (mm)
v (m/s)
Re
Vt liu lm ng
(mm)
Regh
Ren
VKK
ck
50
0,6
70666
X18H10T
0,2
3301
109674
0,0336
3,7
10
0,1910
2,57
0,0088
1,5
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

50
0,6
112412
X18H10T
0,2
3301
109674
0,0313
3,5
10
0,1791
6,676
0,0701
1,5
k 1
P
k
2 k
Pkk 1
k 1
P1
50
0,5
114552
X18H10T
0,2
3301
109674
0,0333
4,4
5
0,0985
-6,201
0,056
1
(W)
100
0,55
67946
CT3
0,2
7289
239202
0,0257
3,5
17
0,1214
8,411
0,5052
1
III.3/119
[7]
k = 1,2 1,62 Ch s a bin. Chn m = 1,4

p sut tnh ton ti u ht ca bm.
Chn Pkk = P1 = Png - Ph = 0,35 at 0,0698 at = 0,2802 at = 27487,62N/m2
P2 = 1 at = 98100 N/m2: p sut sau khi nn; ly theo p sut kh quyn .
3
VKK = 9.06 10 m3/s th tch khng kh cn ht.
ck 0.9 . Hiu sut c kh ca bm chn khng kiu pittong.
1.31
25,9 10 3 1,3
1 1.3
27487,62
1 862,325 W
N
0,8
1,3 1
0,2802
* Chn bmchn khng: Theo bng 6.2 p176 [9]
- Loi bm chn khng vng nc hiu KBH-4

- Tc ht 0oC v 760 mmHg : 0,4 m3/ph
- p sut gii hn : 110 mmHg
- Lu lng nc: 250-300 l/h
- Cng sut ng c: 1,5 KW
- Khi lng bm: 38 kg
Trang 66

CHNG VII
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
TNH GI THNH THIT B

Bng 25: Tnh gi thnh thit b
Tn thit b
Thit b chnh khng tnh
ng
ng truyn nhit v THTT
Cc ng dn:
Nhp liu 50
Tho liu 50
Hi th 250
Hi t 125
Nc cp thit b ng t
100
X kh v nc ngng 25
Thit b ph:
Bm nc
Bm chn khng
Bm ly tm
Thit b Baromet,
Thit b gia nhit
B phn tch lng
Knh quan st
Vt liu cch nhit
Van
Tai treo
p k
Lu lng k
Nhit k
Tng cng
X18H10T 20418,068 kg
CT3
6677,7 kg
X18H10T 2070 ng 57
3 ng 800
H = 2,5m
50.000 /kg
10.000 /kg
50.000 /m
100.000 /m
Thnh tin
(ng)
1.020.903.500
66.777.000
258.750.000
750.000
X18H10T
X18H10T
CT3
CT3
CT3
CT3
50.000 /m
50.000 /m
100.000 /m
100.000 /m
100.000 /m
30.000 /m
1.000.000
250.000
2.000.000
500.000
1.700.000
240.000
Vt liu
S n v tnh
20 m
5m
20 m
5m
17 m
8m
1 hp
1,5 kW
3.0,5 hp
1
1
1
Thy tinh 6 ci
3 m3
Thp
20
Inox
11
CT3
3,48 kg/ci x 12
5 ci
3 ci
3 ci
n gi
700.000 /hp 700.000

1.500.000/kW 2.250.000
2.000.000/kW 2.237.100
10.000.000
10.000.000
13.000.000
13.000.000
2.000.000
2.000.000
250.000 /ci 1.500.000
3.000.000 /m3 9.000.000
600.000
30.000 /ci
100.000 /ci 1.100.000
417.600
10.000 /kg
500.000/ci 2.500.000
1.000.000 /ci 3.000.000
200.000/ci 600.000
1.399.975.200
Gia cng n gin nn tin cng ch to ly bng 100% tin vt t.

Vy tng gi thnh thit b l 2,8 t ng.
Trang 67
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
KT LUN
Trong qu trnh thc hin n, ta rt ra c cc nhn xt sau:
H thng c c 3 ni ngc chiu khi vn hnh s tit kim c hi t do tn
dng c lng hi th ca ni trc cp nhit cho ni sau
H thng thch vi vic c c c cc dung dch v c khng bin tnh v nhit
trong khong nhit lm vic, c c c n nng cao hn so vi h xui
chiu.
Tuy nhin do h thng c c ngc chiu c nhp liu t ni th III v hi t
c a vo ni I, do p sut ni II nh hn ni I, ni III nh hn ni II nn khi
a sn phm t ni III sang ni II, ni II sang ni I, ta cn phi dng bm vn
chuyn dung dch.
Khi thit k ta nn thit k sao cho c s ng b gia 3 thit b c c, nhm to
s thun tin khi thay th sa cha.
Thit b c cu to n gin, hot ng n nh, nn ta c th thit k h thng iu
khin t ng cho h thng thit b.
Bn cnh , vi thit b c ng tun hon trung tm, chiu cao bung t qu ln
s gy kh khn cho vic i lu t nhin ca dung dch.
Trang 68
GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng
TI LIU THAM KHO

Phm Vn Bn (ch bin) Nguyn nh Th, Qu trnh & Thit b CNHH Tp 5
Qu trnh v Thit b Truyn nhit, NXB i Hc Quc gia TpHCM, 9/2004, 424 tr.
[1]
Phm Vn Thm, S tay thit k ha cht v thc phm, B Gio dc v o to, 1992,
275 tr.
[2]
Phm Vn Bn, Qu trnh & Thit b CNHH Bi tp Truyn nhit, Trng i hc

Bch Khoa TpHCM, 9/2004, 52 tr.
[3]
Nhiu tc gi, S tay qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ho cht tp I, NXB Khoa hc v
K thut, 10/2005, 632 tr.
[4]
Nhiu tc gi, S tay qu trnh v thit b cng ngh ho cht tp II, NXB Khoa hc v
K thut, 10/2005, 448 tr.
[5]
H L Vin, Thit k v tnh ton cc chi tit thit b ho cht, NXB Khoa hc v K
thut, Qu III/2006, 240 tr.
[6]
[7] Trn Hng Dng Nguyn Vn Lc Hong Minh Nam V B Minh, Qu trnh &
Thit b CNHH Tp 1 Quyn 2 Phn ring bng kh ng, lc ly tm, bm, qut, my nn,
NXB i hc Quc gia TpHCM, 2004, 242 tr.
[8] Tp th ging vin b mn C Lu Cht, Gio trnh c lu cht, Trng i hc Bch
Khoa TpHCM, 2003, 239tr.
Trang 69

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n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Nng sut : 2000kg/h

3. Ni dung cc phn thuyt minh v tnh ton :

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

2. Hi ng bo v. Nhn xt: ..............................................................................................................

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

V.1. Tnh bn cho thn ......................................................................................................... 28

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

I.2 Tnh cht nguyn liu:

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Da theo thuyt ng hc phn t: to thnh hi (trng thi t do) th tc chuyn

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

QUI TRNH CNG NGH

II.2 S v thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh:

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Dung d?ch b? sung

TRU? NG ? I H? C BCH KHOA THNH PH? H? CH MINH

SO ? QUY TRNH CNG

II.2.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh:

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

by hi trnh hi t thot ra bn ngoi, kh khng ngng cng s c cho thot ra

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

CN BNG VT CHT V CN BNG NNG LNG

Dung dch NaNO3.

III.2 Cn bng vt cht:

W - lng hi th khi nng thay i t x n xc, kg/h.

% khi lng; 5.26[1]

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

x1, x2 , x3 - nng cui ca dung dch trong cc ni, % khi lng;

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Bng 1: p sut, nhit ca hi t v hi th mi ni

P (at) T (oc) P (at)

(tra bng I.250, I.251 [4])

trang 107 [2]

(tra bng 5.2/265 [1])

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

Tm : nhit ca dung mi nguyn cht p sut lm vic, v gi tr bng nhit

= tsdd(Ptb) - tsdd(Po) = tsdm( Ptb) - tsdm(Po)

Ptb tsdm (Ptb) Po tsdm (Po)

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

tnh dd ( do thay i khng ng k trong mt khong nhit nh).

Vy hiu s nhit hu ch mi ni:

ti = 18,15 + 20,14 + 22,69 = 60,88

n Mn Hc Qu Trnh & Thit B

GVHD: TS. Trn Vn Ng

III.3 CN BNG NNG LNG:

260001 260001 168000 3