Ging vin: TS.

Bi Phng Thun
Trn Thanh Huyn Nguyn Thnh Phng o Vn Qu

S ch Z ca chui truyn in t

S ch Z ca chui truyn in t

Xy ra qu trnh quang phn ly nc, to ra electron b cho P680

C ch - Chlorophyll hp th 4 photon nh sng tr thnh trng thi kch thch: 4Chl + 4h 4 Chl* - Chlorophyll trng thi kch thch tham gia vo qu trnh quang phn ly nc: 4Chl* + 2H2O 4ChlH+ + O2 + 4e Kt qu - To ra electron b vo ch trng PSII - Gii phng oxy h 2H2O 4H+ + O2 + 4e
Chl

To nng lng ATP v

lc kh NADPH2 cho pha

ti Gii phng kh O2 nh qu trnh quang phn ly nc.

Photphorin ha vng

Photphorin ha khng vng

Con ng i ca in t

Vng (e qua dy truyn in t ri tr v Chl)

Khng vng (e t Chl chuyn n kh NADP, e b li cho Chl l e ca H2O)

ATP, NADPH2 v O2 plastoquinone, plastocyanin v cytochrome b6, cytochrome f PSI v PSII

Sn phm Chui truyn in t

Ch to ATP

ferredoxin, cytochrome b6, cytochrome f

H sc t

PSI

Chu trnh Calvin

Giai on 2: Kh CO2 toDiphotphoribuloz cacboxilaz xacarit

Photphoglixerat kinaz

Triozphotphat dehidrogenaz

Ti to ribuloz 1,5-di photphat. Khp kn chu trnh

Transxetolaz Fructoz 6-P + glixeraldehit 3-P Xiluloz 5-P Entrioz 4-P Aldolaz Dihidroxi axeton-P

Xedoheptuloz 1,7 P

Xedoheptuloz 1,7-di P

Transxetolaz

Glixraldehit 3-P

Riboz 5-P

Xiluloz 5-P

Ribuloz 1,5-di P

Ribuloz 5-P

Phng trnh tng qut chu trnh Calvin

6CO2 + 18 ATP + 12 NADPH + 12H2O => C6H12O6 + 18 ADP + 18 Pv + 12 NADP+

C mt vng chu trnh c ba phn t ATP v hai phn t NADPH c s dng bin i CO2 thnh hexoz

Mt s sn phm trung gian

Ribuloz 5-PC

ng phn ha

Riboz 5-PC

A.Nu

Trioz -P

- glixerolphotphat

Lipit

3-photpho glixerat

Oxy ha

Krebs

 T bo phn gii xenluloz thnh CO2 ging ng vt.

NADPH ATP

Qu trnh ng phn, chu trnh Krebs hay pentoz photphat hot ng

NADPH
ATP

Chu trnh quang hp hot ng kh CO2 thnh hexoz photphat. Ngc vi chu trnh pentozphotphat, v mt s phn ng ca ng phn

Tng hp oligoxacarit

Tng hp oligoxacarit
Chuyn gc di tc dng ca

Glucoz

1- P

fructoz

xacaroz

H3PO4

Tng hp oligoxacarit
Uridin di-P

glucoz

sacaroz

fructoz

Uridin di-P

Uridin di-P glucoz:

L dn xut nucleotit ca ng, hot ng rt mnh, trong phn t cha lin kt cao nng nh ATP. L cht cho gc glucoz v ng vai tr quan trng trong vic tng hp cc oligoxacarit v polixacarit

Tng hp polixacarit

Tng hp polixacarit
Theo con ng Amiloz hoc glucan cha lin kt 1,4-glucozit
C1: Chuyn gc glucoz 1-P t uridin di P-glucoz di tc dng ca cc C2:

Photpho glucomutaz

Glucoz 6-P

Glucoz 1-P

Uridin tri photphat (UTP)

ADP

UDPG- pirophotphorilaz

ATP

Uridin diphotphat glucoz (UDPG)

Glycogen synthease

Pirophotphat
UDP

Glucan Glucan n

n +1

GLYCOGEN - GII THIU CHUNG

GLYCOGEN - GII THIU CHUNG

GLYCOGEN - GII THIU CHUNG

C th cha 450g glycogen, 1/3 gan v hu ht cn li cc c.

TNG HP GLYCOGEN
1. Ban u glucose-1-P phn ng vi UTP --> -UDPglucose2. Glycogen synthase chuyn tng glucose mt t -UDPglucose- n u nhnh khng kh. 3. Khi chui nhnh di khong hn 11 phn t, th enzym nhnh s ct mt oligosaccharide cha 6-7 phn t t mt u v ghp vo cng mt chui hay chui gn vi lin kt 1-6 glycosid. Nhng nhnh ny sau s c ko di bi glycogen synthase.

PHN GII GLYCOGEN

4. Enzym phn gii quan trng nht l: glycogen phosphorylase, ct cc tiu phn t u khng kh di dng glucose-1phosphate. G-1-P c li hn glucose thng thng do tn ATP. 5 & 6. Do cu trc enzym trn ch phn gii n khi cn 4 tiu phn nhnh. Cn 2 enzym na phn gii nt l: glucanotransferase v 1,6glucosidase ct nt tiu phn cn li v gii phng ra 1 glucose t do.

IU HA CHUYN HA GLYCOGEN
- Gan, ni kim sot v iu ha lng ng huyt, thng c nhiu th th vi glucagon.

- Enzyme phosphorylase a ca gan lin kt vi glucose v c hot ha bi phosphorylase a phosphatase tr thnh dng km hot ng hn: phosphorylase b.

- Cc c, ni s dng nhin liu glucose, thng c nhiu th th i vi epinephrine.

- Enzyme phosphorylase b ca c lin kt vi AMP v c kch hot gii phng nhanh glucose-1-phosphate khi lng ATP xung qu thp.

IU HA CHUYN HA GLYCOGEN
Cc cht iu ha gm c: hoocmn, sn phm chuyn ha, v coenzyms: Hoocmn: insulin v glucagon; cortisol (mt glucocorticoid); epinephrine (mt catecholamine). Sn phm chuyn ha: Nng cao ATP v citrate c ch ngc ng phn (tc ng vo phosphofructokinase. ATP v Acetyl-CoA cn c ch pyruvate kinase. ADP v AMP nng cao (ngha l khi ATP thp) th c tc dng ngc li (kch thch phn gii glycogen).

IU HA CHUYN HA GLYCOGEN

IU HA CHUYN HA GLYCOGEN
Fructose 2,6-biphosphate c vai tr nh mt coenzym: Fru-2,6-bP hnh thnh t Fru-6-P l mt sn phm chuyn ha ch c duy nht chc nng iu ha kch thch ng phn (kch thch phosphofructokinase), c ch gluconeogenesis (c ch fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase). Hoocmn epinephrine & glucagon quyt nh s gim lng Fr 2,6bP. Ngc li insulin kch thch tng hp Fr 2,6-bP kch thch ng phn.