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Li m u
Trong thi i ngy nay, khi nn kinh t ang m ca, ngy cng nhiu hot ng
din ra trong cc lnh vc ngn hng, ti chnh... Th trng ti chnh Vit Nam vn
cn ht sc mi m, cha pht huy ht hiu qu hot ng ca mnh. Do , vic u t
vo lnh vc ti chnh cha ng nhiu nhy cm, ri ro, i hi cc nh u t phi cn
nhc, tnh ton ht sc k lng. Mt trong iu khng th thiu i vi bt k mt nh
u t no trc khi ra quyt nh u t l phn tch tnh hnh ti chnh doanh
nghip. Liu rng doanh nghip c c k vng l s pht trin trong tng lai hay
s xung dc... t nh u t c th a ra nhng quyt nh ng n i vi
nhng doanh nghip m h ang cn nhc u t
Nhm a ra mt ci nhn khi qut, ton din v tnh hnh ti chnh ca doanh
nghip gip cc nh u t nm bt c xu hng hot ng, kh nng sinh li ca
doanh nghip trong tng lai, di y ti la chn ti Phn tch tnh hnh ti chnh
ca Cng ty C phn Kinh . Bn cnh vic a ra nhng phn tch, nhn xt v cc
ch s ti chnh trong hot ng kinh doanh, ti cng a ra nhng phn tch tng qut
v ngnh ngh m cng ty ang kinh doanh, cng vi l phn tch nhng thun li,
kh khn ca Cng ty C phn Kinh t xut mt s kin ngh v nhng gii
php c th ci thin tnh hnh ti chnh ca doanh nghip.
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Ch Tiu
TI SN
A. Ti sn lu ng v u t ngn hn
I. Tin v cc khon tng ng tin
II. Cc khon u t ti chnh ngn hn
III. Cc khon phi thu ngn hn
IV. Tng hng tn kho
V. Ti sn ngn hn khc
B. Ti sn c nh v u t di hn
I. Cc khon phi thu di hn
II. Ti sn c nh
III. Bt ng sn u t
IV. Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn
V. Tng ti sn di hn khc
VI. Li th thng mi
TNG CNG TI SN
NGUN VN
A. N phi tr
I. N ngn hn
II. N di hn
B. Ngun vn ch s hu
I. Vn ch s hu
II. Ngun kinh ph v qu khc
C. Li ch ca c ng thiu s
TNG CNG NGUN VN
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
1,754,630
530,438
522,519
560,319
136,272
5,082
1,312,846
30,911
480,860
0
797,350
3,725
1,474,434
206,808
584,291
489,408
181,656
12,271
1,508,976
31,059
787,519
0
673,385
17,013
3,067,476
2,983,410
2,510,074
984,611
518,183
825,183
162,476
19,621
1,737,527
22,553
656,084
0
994,535
32,319
32,036
4,247,601
2,329,537
672,316
161,660
1,018,356
434,329
42,876
2,710,328
612
937,725
29,165
1,209,978
104,720
428,128
5,039,865
2,558,533
967,330
373,770
724,911
398,032
94,490
3,250,889
345
1,431,033
26,591
1,255,716
143,692
393,512
5,809,421
599,611
473,898
125,713
2,447,397
2,447,397
0
20,468
3,067,476
835,926
663,885
172,041
2,075,923
2,075,923
0
71,561
2,983,410
1,772,331
1,637,574
134,757
2,413,130
2,413,130
0
62,140
4,247,601
1,185,451
1,033,997
151,454
3,738,216
3,738,216
0
116,198
5,039,865
1,959,475
1,783,559
175,916
3,814,673
3,814,673
0
35,273
5,809,421
Trang9/41
2007
1,238,339
7,537
1,230,802
908,825
321,977
97,000
44,309
31,710
95,427
72,968
206,273
21,150
11,001
10,149
6,045
222,467
2008
1,466,192
10,424
1,455,768
1,085,980
369,788
118,538
313,379
52,364
133,178
121,882
-80,113
28,373
8,807
19,566
-1,143
-61,690
-1,659
-1,659
224,126
-11
224,137
-1,087
-1,087
-60,603
24,714
-85,317
56
2009
1,539,223
9,867
1,529,355
1,023,963
505,392
63,854
-8,807
43,758
164,175
112,090
301,788
376,776
118,936
257,840
12,680
572,308
60,919
-11,553
49,366
522,942
42,419
480,523
2010
1,942,808
9,174
1,933,634
1,248,244
685,390
663,953
242,453
42,458
347,589
141,635
617,666
34,164
12,800
21,364
34,962
673,992
110,883
-15,502
95,381
578,611
56,040
522,571
2011
4,278,052
31,166
4,246,886
2,573,746
1,673,140
127,493
180,680
117,213
943,674
331,706
344,573
18,467
20,753
-2,286
6,894
349,181
87,310
-16,765
70,545
278,636
5,083
273,553
Trang10/41
2007-2008
+/-280,196
-323,630
61,772
-70,911
45,384
7,189
196,130
148
306,659
0
-123,965
13,288
0
-84,066
%
-15.97%
-61.01%
11.82%
-12.66%
33.30%
141.46%
14.94%
0.48%
63.77%
-15.55%
356.72%
-2.74%
Qua bng phn tch trn ta nhn thy tng ti sn ca doanh nghip nm 2008
gim 84.066 triu ng, tc l gim 2,74%. Trong :
Ti sn lu ng v u t ngn hn: trong nm 2008 l 1.474.434 triu ng
tc l gim 15,97% so vi nm 2007. Trong ch yu l do tin v cc khon tng
ng tin gim 323.630 triu ng (gim 61,01%), cc khon phi thu ngn hn gim
70.911 triu ng (gim 12,66%), bn cnh cc khon mc tng nh cc khon u t
ti chnh ngn hn 61.772 triu ng (tng 11,82%), tng hng tn kho 45.384 triu ng
(tng 33,30%) v ti sn ngn hn khc 7.189 triu ng (tng 141,46%). T ta thy
cc khon mc trong ti sn lu ng v u t ngn hn c s tng gim r rt v trong
cc khon mc tng khng ng k so vi cc khon mc gim nn dn n lm gim
ti sn lu ng v u t ngn hn.
Qua ton b qu trnh phn tch ta thy
- Cc khon c tnh thanh khon cao nh tin gim lm gim kh nng thanh ton
tc thi ca cng ty.
- Cc khon u t ngn hn v lu ng khc tng th hin quy m hot ng sn
xut kinh doanh tng. Cc khon u t ngn hn tng ha hn mang li ngun li tc
ngn hn cho doanh nghip.
Nguyn Hi Danh K15.TC9
Trang11/41
Ch Tiu
TI SN
A. Ti sn lu ng v u t ngn hn
I. Tin v cc khon tng ng tin
II. Cc khon u t ti chnh ngn hn
III. Cc khon phi thu ngn hn
IV. Tng hng tn kho
V. Ti sn ngn hn khc
B. Ti sn c nh v u t di hn
I. Cc khon phi thu di hn
II. Ti sn c nh
III. Bt ng sn u t
IV. Cc khon u t ti chnh di hn
V. Tng ti sn di hn khc
VI. Li th thng mi
TNG CNG TI SN
Nguyn Hi Danh K15.TC9
2008-2009
+/1,035,640
777,803
-66,108
335,775
-19,180
7,350
228,551
-8,506
-131,435
0
321,150
15,306
32,036
1,264,191
2009-2010
%
70.24%
376.10%
-11.31%
68.61%
-10.56%
59.90%
15.15%
-27.39%
-16.69%
47.69%
89.97%
42.37%
+/-180,537
-312,295
-356,523
193,173
271,853
23,255
972,801
-21,941
281,641
29,165
215,443
72,401
396,092
792,264
%
-7.19%
-31.72%
-68.80%
23.41%
167.32%
118.52%
55.99%
-97.29%
42.93%
21.66%
224.02%
1236.40%
18.65%
2010-1011
+/228,996
295,014
212,110
-293,445
-36,297
51,614
540,561
-267
493,308
-2,574
45,738
38,972
-34,616
769,556
%
9.83%
43.88%
131.21%
-28.82%
-8.36%
120.38%
19.94%
-43.63%
52.61%
-8.83%
3.78%
37.22%
-8.09%
15.27%
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90%
80%
V. Tng ti sn di hn khc
70%
IV. Cc khon u t ti
chnh di hn
60%
III. Bt ng sn u t
50%
II. Ti sn c nh
40%
30%
20%
V. Ti sn ngn hn khc
10%
0%
2007
2009
2010
2011
Trang13/41
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
57.20%
17.29%
17.03%
18.27%
4.44%
0.17%
42.80%
1.01%
15.68%
0.00%
25.99%
0.12%
0.00%
100.00%
49.42%
6.93%
19.58%
16.40%
6.09%
0.41%
50.58%
1.04%
26.40%
0.00%
22.57%
0.57%
0.00%
100.00%
59.09%
23.18%
12.20%
19.43%
3.83%
0.46%
40.91%
0.53%
15.45%
0.00%
23.41%
0.76%
0.75%
100.00%
46.22%
13.34%
3.21%
20.21%
8.62%
0.85%
53.78%
0.01%
18.61%
0.58%
24.01%
2.08%
8.49%
100.00%
44.04%
16.65%
6.43%
12.48%
6.85%
1.63%
55.96%
0.01%
24.63%
0.46%
21.62%
2.47%
6.77%
100.00%
Trang14/41
Trang15/41
Ch Tiu
2007-2008
NGUN VN
A. N phi tr
I. N ngn hn
II. N di hn
B. Ngun vn ch s hu
I. Vn ch s hu
II. Ngun kinh ph v qu khc
C. Li ch ca c ng thiu s
TNG CNG NGUN VN
+/236,315
189,987
46,328
-371,474
-371,474
0
51,093
-84,066
2008-2009
%
39.41%
40.09%
36.85%
-15.18%
-15.18%
+/936,405
973,689
-37,284
337,207
337,207
0
249.62%
-9,421
-2.74% 1,264,191
2009-2010
%
+/112.02% -586,880
146.67% -603,577
-21.67%
16,697
16.24% 1,325,086
16.24% 1,325,086
0
-13.16%
54,058
42.37% 792,264
2010-1011
%
-33.11%
-36.86%
12.39%
54.91%
54.91%
86.99%
18.65%
+/774,024
749,562
24,462
76,457
76,457
0
-80,925
769,556
%
65.29%
72.49%
16.15%
2.05%
2.05%
-69.64%
15.27%
Biu : C cu ngun vn
100%
90%
C. Li ch ca c ng thiu
s
80%
70%
60%
50%
I. Vn ch s hu
40%
II. N di hn
30%
20%
I. N ngn hn
10%
0%
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
- Nm 2007-2008:
Trang16/41
Trang17/41
Trang18/41
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
19.55%
15.45%
4.10%
79.79%
79.79%
0.00%
0.67%
100.00%
28.02%
22.25%
5.77%
69.58%
69.58%
0.00%
2.40%
100.00%
41.73%
38.55%
3.17%
56.81%
56.81%
0.00%
1.46%
100.00%
23.52%
20.52%
3.01%
74.17%
74.17%
0.00%
2.31%
100.00%
33.73%
30.70%
3.03%
65.66%
65.66%
0.00%
0.61%
100.00%
Trang19/41
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Trang21/41
Trang22/41
2007
530,438
136,667
473,898
1,754,630
3.70
3.41
1.12
2008
206,808
182,821
663,885
1,474,434
2.22
1.95
0.31
2009
984,611
163,069
1,637,574
2,510,074
1.53
1.43
0.60
2010
672,316
434,930
1,033,997
2,329,537
2.25
1.83
0.65
2011
967,330
399,655
1,783,560
2,558,533
1.43
1.21
0.54
Trang23/41
Trang24/41
CH TIU
1. N phi tr (Triu ng)
2. Tng ti sn (Triu ng)
3. Li nhun trc thu (Triu ng)
4. Chi ph li vay (Triu ng)
5. EBIT (Triu ng)
T S N (Ln)
T S Thanh Ton Li Vay (Ln)
2007
599,611
3,067,476
222,467
31,710
254,177
0.20
8.02
2008
835,926
2,983,410
-61,690
52,364
-9,326
0.28
-0.18
2009
1,772,331
4,247,601
572,308
43,758
616,066
0.42
14.08
2010
1,185,451
5,039,865
673,992
42,458
716,450
0.24
16.87
2011
1,959,476
5,809,421
349,181
117,213
466,394
0.34
3.98
T s n
nh gi cc khon phi tr, ta thng qua ch tiu t s n. Ch tiu ny phn
nh mc n trong tng ti sn doanh nghip. T cho thy trong tng ti sn, s hu
thc cht ca doanh nghip l bao nhiu.
T s n = Tng n / Tng ti sn.
Giai on 2007 2008 Tng n tng 236.215 triu m tng ti sn li gim 84.066
triu nn T s n gim 0,08 ln
Giai on 2008 2009 Tng n tng 936.404 triu, tng ti sn tng 1.264.190
triu cho nn T s n tng 0,14 ln
Giai on 2009 2010 Tng n gim 586.879 triu,Tng ti sn tng 792.264
triu nn T s n gim 0,18 ln
Giai on 2010 2011 Tng n tng 774.024 Tng ti sn tng 769.557 triu
=>T s n tng 0,1 ln
=> T s n ca DN ang dn dn c khi phc.
T s thanh ton li vay
Kh nng thanh ton li vay = (Li Nhun Trc thu + li vay) / li vay.
T s thanh ton li vay d ng o lng mc to ra li nhun do vic s
dng vn m bo kh nng tr li vay nh th no. Mt cch ngn gn, t s ny
phn nh kh nng tr n (li vay) ca doanh nghip.
Trang25/41
2007
1,230,802
136,272
480,860
3,067,476
560,319
9.03
2.20
0.40
2.56
2008
1,455,768
181,656
787,519
2,983,410
489,408
8.01
2.97
0.49
1.85
2009
1,529,355
162,476
656,084
4,247,601
825,183
9.41
1.85
0.36
2.33
2010
1,933,634
434,329
937,725
5,039,865
1,018,356
4.45
1.90
0.38
2.06
2011
4,246,886
398,032
1,431,033
5,809,421
724,911
10.67
5.86
0.73
2.97
Trang26/41
Trang27/41
Trang28/41
2007
224,126
2,447,397
3,067,476
1,230,802
18%
7%
9%
2008
(60,603)
2,075,923
2,983,410
1,455,768
-4%
-2%
-3%
2009
522,942
2,413,130
4,247,601
1,529,355
34%
12%
22%
2010
578,611
3,738,216
5,039,865
1,933,634
30%
11%
15%
2011
278,636
3,814,673
5,809,421
4,246,886
7%
5%
7%
Trang29/41
Trang30/41
S tin
T trong
323,630
70,911
123,965
189,987
46,328
51,093
805,914
40.2%
8.8%
15.4%
23.6%
5.7%
6.3%
100%
61,772
45,384
7,189
148
306,659
13,288
371,474
805,914
7.7%
5.6%
0.9%
0.0%
38.1%
1.6%
46.1%
100%
Da vo bo co trn ta thy:
Gim tin, cc khong tng ng tin ng k 323.630 triu ng vi 40,2% v
tng n ngn hn ln 23,6% nhm u t vo cc khon ti chnh ngn hn 7,7% tng
hng tn kho 5,6% v tng ti sn c nh ln 38,15.
Vn u t ca ch s hu gim 371.474 triu tng ng gim 46,1%.
Trang31/41
S tin
T trong
66,108
19,180
8,506
131,435
973,689
337,207
1,536,125
4.3%
1.2%
0.6%
8.6%
63.4%
22.0%
100%
777,803
335,775
7,350
321,150
15,306
32,036
37,284
9,421
1,536,125
50.6%
21.9%
0.5%
20.9%
1.0%
2.1%
2.4%
0.6%
100%
Trang32/41
S tin
T trong
312,295
356,523
21,941
16,697
1,325,086
54,058
2,086,600
15.0%
17.1%
1.1%
0.8%
63.5%
2.6%
100%
193,173
271,853
23,255
281,641
29,165
215,443
72,401
396,092
603,577
2,086,600
9.3%
13.0%
1.1%
13.5%
1.4%
10.3%
3.5%
19.0%
28.9%
100%
Trang33/41
S tin
T trong
293,445
36,297
267
2,574
34,616
749,563
24,462
76,457
1,217,681
24.1%
3.0%
0.0%
0.2%
2.8%
61.6%
2.0%
6.3%
100%
295,014
212,110
51,614
493,308
45,738
38,972
80,925
1,217,681
24.2%
17.4%
4.2%
40.5%
3.8%
3.2%
6.6%
100%
Trang34/41
ROA
1/(1-T S N )
-0.03
1/(1- 28,02%)
= 2.47
LN RNG
-85.317
ROS
VNG QUAY TS
-0,06
0,49
DT THUN
DT THUN
1.455.768
1.455.768
CC KHON
GIM TR
DT
-60.630
TNG TS
2.983.410
TSL
TSC
1.474.434
1.508.976
24.714
Nm 2008
ROE
0,20
ROA
1/(1-T S N )
0.11
1/(1- 41,73%)
= 2.47
LN RNG
480.524
DT
ROS
VNG QUAY TS
0,31
0,36
DT THUN
1.529.356
CC KHON
GIM TR
522.934
DT THUN
1.529.356
TNG TS
4.247.600
TSL
TSC
2.510.074
1.737.526
42.419
Trang35/41
ROA
1/(1-T S N )
0.11
1/(1- 41,73%)
= 2.47
LN RNG
480.524
ROS
VNG QUAY TS
0,31
0,36
DT THUN
DT THUN
1.529.356
1.529.356
CC KHON
GIM TR
DT
522.934
TNG TS
4.247.600
TSL
TSC
2.510.074
1.737.526
42.419
Nm 2010
ROE
0,14
ROA
1/(1-T S N )
0.1
1/(1- 23,52%)
= 2.47
DT
VNG QUAY TS
0,27
0,38
DT THUN
LN RNG
522.571
ROS
1.933.634
CC KHON
GIM TR
578.611
DT THUN
1.933.634
TNG TS
5.039.864
TSL
TSC
2.329.537
2.710.327
56.040
Trang36/41
ROA
1/(1-T S N )
0.05
1/(1- 33,73%)
= 2.47
DT
VNG QUAY TS
0,07
0,73
DT THUN
LN RNG
278.636
ROS
DT THUN
4.246.886
CC KHON
GIM TR
278.636
4.246.886
TNG TS
5.809.421
TSL
TSC
2.558.533
3.250.888
Trang37/41
Trang38/41
Trang39/41
Kt Lun
Cng vi s chuyn i c cu ca nn kinh t v xu th hi nhp mnh m hin
nay, hiu qu hot ng kinh doanh ngy cng l mc tiu lu di cn t ti ca tt c
cc doanh nghip. i vi mi doanh nghip, hiu qu hot ng sn xut kinh doanh
th hin nhiu mt v ph thuc vo nhiu yu t, trong vn ti chnh l mt vn
ht sc quan trng. Vic phn tch ti chnh ca doanh nghip c th gip cho cc nh
qun l, nh u t c ci nhn ton din v tnh hnh ti chnh v t c th a ra cc
quyt nh u t ng n. Khng nm ngoi mc ch trn, bng vic phn tch tnh
hnh ti chnh ca Cng ty C Phn Kinh , chng ti a ra mt s nhn xt v
im mnh, im yu ca doanh nghip, t ra mt s gii php ha hn trong
tng lai.
Qua vic phn tch cc ch s ti chnh v vn, kh nng thanh ton, ti sn,
ngun n... c th thy rng, Cng ty C Phn Kinh hot ng tng i hiu qu,
gp phn quan trng trong vic pht trin lnh vc sn xut thc phm Vit Nam. Tuy
nhin, vn cn tn ti nhng mt cha tt v kh nng thanh khon tc thi, vn huy
ng v s dng vn, do , doanh nghip cn khc phc hon thin hn tnh hnh ti
chnh ca mnh.
Vn ci thin tnh hnh hot ng sn xut, ti chnh... l vn khng phi d
dng gii quyt v khc phc c ngay. V th, khng ch cng ty C phn Kinh m
rt nhiu cc doanh nghip Vit Nam khc cng cn ht sc thn trng v tng bc hc
hi, tip thu, tch ly kinh nghim doanh nghip ngy cng hot ng hiu qu hn,
gp phn to ln thc y nn kinh t Vit Nam pht trin.
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Mc Lc:
Li m u .......................................................................................................................... 1
1. CHNG I: GII THIU CHUNG V CNG TY C PHN KINH .......... 2
1.1. Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin ca Cng ty CP Kinh ..................................... 2
1.2. Cc ngnh ngh kinh doanh ..................................................................................... 2
1.3 nh hng pht trin trong thi gian ti ................................................................. 3
1.4 Nhng thun li, kh khn trong ngnh v phn tch SWOT ca Cng ty. ............. 3
1.4.1. Phn tch SWOT ................................................................................................ 3
1.4.2. Nhng thun li, kh khn trong ngnh. .......................................................... 6
2. CHNG II: PHN TCH TNH HNH TI CHNH CNG TY C PHN
KINH (2007-2011)....................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Phn tch tng qut tnh hnh Cng ty C phn Kinh . ....................................... 8
2.1.1 Phn tch v Ti Sn. ....................................................................................... 10
2.1.2 Phn tch v Ngun vn. .................................................................................. 16
2.1.3. Phn tch v Hot ng kinh doanh................................................................ 20
2.2 Phn tch t s ti chnh. ......................................................................................... 22
2.2.1. T s kh nng thanh ton. ............................................................................. 22
2.2.2. T s c cu ti chnh. .................................................................................... 24
2.2.3. T s hot ng ............................................................................................... 26
2.2.4. T s doanh li ................................................................................................ 29
2.3 Phn tch ngun v s dng ngun ......................................................................... 31
3. CHNG III: NHN XT V NH GI ............................................................ 37
3.1 Nhn xt .................................................................................................................. 37
3.1.1 V c cu ngun vn: ...................................................................................... 37
3.1.2 V c cu ti sn:............................................................................................. 37
3.1.3 V tnh hnh m bo vn cho sn xut kinh doanh: ....................................... 38
3.2 Kin ngh v gii php. ........................................................................................... 38
3.2.1 Kin ngh .......................................................................................................... 38
3.2.2 Gii php ......................................................................................................... 39
Kt Lun ............................................................................................................................ 40
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