Chuyn : I S T HP_S PHC

1

Chuyn
S PHCI S T HP
I. S PHC
A. L THUYT
I. Dng i s (vn cn nh)
II. Dng lng gic ca s phc
( ) cos sin z r i = + (r > 0) l dng lng gic ca z = a + bi (a, b e R, z = 0)
*
2 2
r a b = + l mun ca z.
* l mt acgumen ca z tha
cos
sin
a
r
b
r

1. Nhn chia s phc di dng lng gic. Nu ( ) cos sin z r i = + , ( ) ' ' cos ' sin ' z r i = + th:
*
( ) ( ) . ' . ' cos ' sin ' z z r r i ( = + + +

*
( ) ( ) cos ' sin '
' '
z r
i
z r
( = +


2. Cng thc Moivre: * n N e th
( ) ( ) cos sin cos sin
n
n
r i r n i n ( + = +


3. Cn bc hai ca s phc di dng lng gic
Cn bc hai ca s phc ( ) cos sin z r i = + (r > 0) l cos sin
2 2
r i
| |
+
|
\ .
v cos sin
2 2
r i
| |
+
|
\ .

B. BI TP
1. (H_Khi A 2009)
Gi z
1
, z
2
l hai nghim ca phng trnh z
2
+2z+10=0. Tnh gi tr biu thc
2
2
2
1
z z A + = .
S: A=20
2. Cho z
1
, z
2
l cc nghim phc ca phng trnh
2
2 4 11 0 z z + = . Tnh gi tr ca biu thc
( )
2 2
1 2
2
1 2
z z
A
z z
+
=
+
.
S: A=11/4
3. (C_Khi A 2009)
a. S phc z tha mn (1+i)
2
(2i)z=8+i+(1+2i)z. Tm phn thc, phn o ca z.
b. Gii phng trnh sau trn tp s phc: i z
i z
i z
2
7 3 4
=

.
S: a. a=2, b=3
b. z=1+2i, z=3+i
4. Tm s phc z tho mn: 2 2 z i + = . Bit phn o nh hn phn thc 3 n v.
S:
( ) ( )
2 2 1 2 , 2 2 1 2 z i z i = + = + .
5. (H_Khi B 2009)
Tm s phc z tha mn ( ) 10 2 = + i z v 25 . = z z .
S: z=3+4i hoc z=5
6. Tm s phc z tha mn:
( )
( )
1
1 1
3
1 2
z
z i
z i
z i

=

.
HD: Gi z=x+yi; (1)x=y, (2)y=1.

Chuyn : I S T HP_S PHC
2
S: z=1+i.
7. Gii phng trnh:
4
1
z i
z i
+ | |
=
|

\ .
.
S: ze{0;1;1}
8. Gii phng trnh:
2
0 z z + = .
HD: Gi z=x+yi thay vo phng trnh x, y z.
S: ze{0;i;i}
9. Gii phng trnh:
2
0 z z + = .
HD: Gi z=x+yi thay vo phng trnh x, y z.
S: z=0, z=1,
1 3
2 2
z i =
10. Gii phng trnh:
2
4 3
1 0
2
z
z z z + + + = .
HD: Chia hai v phng trnh cho z
2
.
S: z=1i,
1 1
2 2
z i = .
11. Gii phng trnh: z
5
+ z
4
+ z
3
+ z
2
+ z + 1 =0.
HD: t tha s chung
S:
1 3 1 3
1, ,
2 2 2 2
z z i z i = = = .
12. Cho phng trnh: (z + i)(z
2
2mz+m
2
2m)=0. Hy xc nh iu kin ca tham s m sao cho phng
trnh:
a. Ch c ng 1 nghim phc. b. Ch c ng 1 nghim thc. c. C ba nghim phc.
13. Tm a thc bc hai h s thc nhn o lm nghim bit:
a. o = 25i b. o = 2i 3 c. o = 3 - 2 i
14. Gii phng trnh sau bit chng c mt nghim thun o:
a. z
3
iz
2
2iz2 = 0. b. z
3
+(i3)z
2
+(44i)z7+4i = 0.
15. (H_Khi D 2009)
Trong mt phng ta Oxy, tm tp hp im biu din s phc z tha mn iu kin ( ) 2 4 3 = i z .
S: (x3)
2
+(y+4)
2
=4
16. Xc nh tp hp cc im trn mt phng biu din s phc: 2 2 z i z z i = + .
S:
2
4
x
y = .
17. Trong cc s phc tha mn
3
2 3
2
z i + = . Tm s phc z c mun nh nht.
HD: *Gi z=x+yi.
3
2 3
2
z i + = ( ) ( )
2 2
9
2 3
4
x y + + = .
* V hnh |z|
min
z.
S:
26 3 13 78 9 13
13 26
z i

= + .
18. Tm phn thc, phn o ca cc s phc sau:
a.
( )
10
9
(1 i)
3 i
+
+
. b.
( )
7
5
cos sin 1 3
3 3
i i i
t t | |
+
|
\ .
.
HD: S dng cng thc Moivre.

Chuyn : I S T HP_S PHC
3
S: a. Phn thc
1
16
, phn o bng 0, b. Phn thc 0, phn o bng 128.
19. Tm phn thc v phn o ca s phc sau: 1+(1+i)+(1+i)
2
+(1+i)
3
+ + (1+i)
20
.
HD: p dng cng thc tnh tng ca CSN.
S: phn thc 2
10
, phn o: 2
10
+1.
II. I S T HP
A. L THUYT
1. Giai tha: n!= n.(n1)!=n.(n1).(n2). .3.2.1, n0.
2. S chnh hp chp k ca n phn t:
( )!
!
k n
n
A
k
n

= , nk>0.
3. S t hp chp k ca n phn t:
( )! !
!
k n k
n
C
k
n

= , nk0.
4. Quy c n!=0!=1.
5. Nh thc Newton ( )
n n
n
n n
n
n n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
b C ab C b a C b a C b a C a C b a + + + + + + = +
1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 0
.
Cng thc s hng tng qut:
k k n k
n k
b a C T

+
=
1
, 0kn.
B. BI TP
1. (C_Khi D 2008)
Tm s hng khng cha x rtrong khai trin nh thc Newton ca
18
5
1
2
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
x
x , (x>0).
S: 6528
2. (H_Khi D 2004)
Tm s hng khng cha x rtrong khai trin nh thc Newton ca
7
4
3
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
x
x vi x>0.
S: 35
3. (H_Khi A 2003)
Tm s hng cha x
8
trong khai trin nh thc Newton ca
n
x
x
|
.
|

\
|
+
5
3
1
, bit rng ( ) 3 7
3
1
4
+ =
+
+
+
n C C
n
n
n
n
,
(n nguyn dng, x>0, (
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t).
S: 495
4. (H_Khi D 2005)
Tnh gi tr biu thc
( )! 1
3
3 4
1
+
+
=
+
n
A A
M
n n
, bit rng 149 2 2
2
4
2
3
2
2
2
1
= + + +
+ + + + n n n n
C C C C (n l s nguyn
dng,
k
n
A l s chnh hp chp k ca n phn t v
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t)
S:
4
3
= M
5. (H_Khi A 2006)
Tm s hng cha x
26
trong khai trin nh thc Newton ca
n
x
x
|
.
|

\
|
+
7
4
1
, bit rng
1 2
20
1 2
2
1 2
1
1 2
= + + +
+ + +
n
n n n
C C C , (n nguyn dng v
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t).
S: 210
6. (H_Khi D 2008)
Tm s nguyn dng n tha mn h thc 2048
1 2
2
3
2
1
2
= + + +
n
n n n
C C C . (
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n
phn t).
S: n=6
7. (H_Khi D 2007)
Tm h s ca x
5
trong khai trin thnh a thc ca x(12x)
5
+x
2
(1+3x)
10
.

Chuyn : I S T HP_S PHC
4
S: 3320
8. (H_Khi D 2003)
Vi n l s nguyn dng, gi a
3n3
l h s ca x
3n3
trong khai trin thnh a thc ca (x
2
+1)
n
(x+2)
n
.
Tm n a
3n3
=26n.
S: n=5
9. (H_Khi D 2002)
Tm s nguyn dng n sao cho
0 1 2
2 4 2 243
n n
n n n n
C C C C + + + + = .
S: n=5
10. (H_Khi B 2008)
Chng minh rng
k
n
k
n
k
n
C C C n
n 1 1 1
2
1
1
1 1
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
+
+
+ +
(n, k l cc s nguyn dng, kn,
k
n
C l s t hp chp k
ca n phn t).

11. (H_Khi B 2007)
Tm h s ca s hng cha x
10
trong khai trin nh thc Newton ca (2+x)
n
, bit:
3
n
C
n
0
3
n1
C
n
1
+3
n2
C
n
2
3
n3
C
n
3
+ +(1)
n
C
n
n
=2048 (n l s nguyn dng,
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n
phn t).

S: 22
12. (H_Khi B 2006)
Cho tp A gm n phn t (n4). Bit rng, s tp con gm 4 phn t ca A bng 20 ln s tp con gm 2
phn t ca A. Tm ke{1,2,,n} sao cho s tp con gm k phn t cua A ln nht.
S: k=9
13. (H_Khi B 2003)
Cho n l s nguyn dng. Tnh tng
n
n
n
n n n
C
n
C C C
1
1 2
3
1 2
2
1 2
1
2
3
1
2
0
+

+ +

+
+
, (
k
n
C l s t hp chp
k ca n phn t).
S:
1
2 3
1 1
+

+ +
n
n n

14. (H_Khi B 2002)
Cho a gic u A
1
A
2
A
n
(n2, n nguyn) ni tip ng trn tm (O). Bit rng s tam gic c cc nh
l 3 trong 2n im A
1
A
2
A
n
nhiu gp 20 ln s hnh ch nht c cc nh l 4 trong 2n im A
1
A
2
A
n
,
tm n.
S: n=8
15. (H_Khi A 2008)
Cho khai trin (1+2x)
n
=a
0
+a
1
x+ +a
n
x
n
, trong neN* v cc h s a
0
, a
1
,a
n
tha mn h thc
4096
2 2
1
0
= + + +
n
n
a a
a . Tm s ln nht trong cc s a
0
, a
1
,a
n
.
S: a
8
=126720
16. (H_Khi A 2007)
Chng minh rng
2
1 3 5 2 1
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 2 1
2 4 6 2 2 1
n
n
n n n n
C C C C
n n

+ + + + =
+
, (
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn
t).

17. (H_Khi A 2005)
Tm s nguyn dng n sao cho ( ) 2005 2 . 1 2 2 . 4 2 . 3 2 . 2
1 2
1 2
2 4
1 2
3 3
1 2
2 2
1 2
1
1 2
= + + + +
+
+ + + + +
n
n
n
n n n n
C n C C C C ,
(
k
n
C l s t hp chp k ca n phn t).
S: n=1002
18. (H_Khi A 2004)

Chuyn : I S T HP_S PHC
5
Tm h s ca x
8
trong khai trin thnh a thc ca [1+x
2
(1x)]
8
.
S: 238
19. (H_Khi A 2002)
Cho khai trin nh thc
n
x
n
n
n
x x
n
n
x
n
x
n
n
x
n
n
x x
C C C C
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

3
1
3 2
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
0
3 2
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(n l s nguyn dng). Bit rng trong khai trin
1 3
5
n n
C C = v s hng th 4 bng 20n, tm n v x.
S: n=7, x=4
20. Cho s phc z=1+i.
a. Vit khai trin nh thc Newton ca nh thc (1+i)
n
.
b. Tnh cc tng S
1
=1C
n
2
+C
n
4
C
n
6
+ S
2
=C
n
1
C
n
3
+C
n
5

21. Chng minh rng C
100
0
C
100
2
+C
100
4
C
100
6
+ C
100
98
+C
100
100
=2
50
.
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