Chuyn

TCH PHN
CNG THC
Bng nguyn hm
Nguyn hm ca nhng hm s
thng gp

Nguyn hm ca nhng
hm s s cp thng gp
dx

1
ax b C
a
1
1 ax b
ax b dx
C
1
a
1
dx
1
ln ax b C x 0
ax b a
1 ax b
e ax b dx
e
C
a
1
cos ax b dx
sin ax b C
a
1
sin ax b dx
cos ax b C
a
1
1
dx
tan ax b C
2
a
cos ax b
1
1
dx
cot ax b C
2
a
sin ax b

x C
1

x dx

dx
x

d ax b

ln x

C x 0

e x dx e x

ax
ln a

a x dx

C 0 a 1

cos xdx sin x C

sin xdx

cos x C

1
dx tan x C
cos 2 x
1
dx
cot x C
sin 2 x

Nguyn hm ca nhng
hm s hp
du u C

du
u

ln u

tnh tch phn

f[u(x)]u (x)dx

ta thc hin cc bc sau:

Bc 1. t t = u(x) v tnh dt = u / (x)dx .

Bc 2. i cn: x = a t = u(a) = a , x = b t = u(b) = b .
b

Bc 3.

f[u(x)]u (x)dx = f(t)dt .

/

a
e2

V d 7. Tnh tch phn I =

dx

x ln x .
e

Gii

dx
x
x = e t = 1, x = e2 t = 2
t t = ln x dt =
2

I=

dt
= ln t
t

2
1

Vy I = ln 2 .

= ln 2 .

C u

e u du e u
a u dx

au
ln a

C 0 a 1

cos udu sin u C

sin udu
1
du
cos 2 u
1
du
sin 2 u

TM TT GIO KHOA V PHNG PHP GII TON

I. I BIN S

1. i bin s dng 2

u du

cos u C
tan u

cot u

p
4

cos x
dx .
cos x)3

(sin x +

V d 8. Tnh tch phn I =

Hng dn:
p
4

I=

p
4

cos x
dx =
cos x)3

(sin x +
0

(t an x + 1)

.
3

dx
. t t = t an x + 1
cos2 x

3
S: I = .
8
3

(1 +

V d 9. Tnh tch phn I =

1
2

dx
.
x) 2x + 3

Hng dn:
t t =

2x + 3
3
S: I = ln .
2
1

3- x
dx .
1+ x

V d 10. Tnh tch phn I =

Hng dn:
3

3- x
t 2 dt
; t t = tan u L
L 8 2
2
1+ x
(t
+
1)
1

t t =
S: I =

p
3

3 + 2.

Ch :
1

Phn tch I =

3- x
dx , ri t t =
1+ x

1 + x s tnh nhanh hn.

2. i bin s dng 1
b

Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn on [a;b], tnh

f ( x)dx ta thc hin cc bc sau:

a

Bc 1. t x = u(t) v tnh dx u / (t )dt .

Bc 2. i cn: x a
t
,x b
t

Bc 3.

f ( x)dx

f [u (t )]u / (t )dt

g (t )dt .

a
1
2

V d 1. Tnh tch phn I =

1
dx .
1 - x2

Gii
p p
t x = sin t, t - ;
dx = cos t dt
2 2

1
p
x = 0 t = 0, x = t =
2
6
p
6

I=

cos t
dt =
1 - sin 2 t

p
6

cos t
dt =
cos t

p
6

dt = t
0

p
6
0

p
p
- 0= .
6
6

Vy I =

p
.
6

V d 2. Tnh tch phn I =

4 - x 2 dx .

Hng dn:
t x = 2 sin t
S: I = p .
1

V d 3. Tnh tch phn I =

dx
.
x2

1+
0

t x = t an t, t
x= 0 t
p
4

I=

3- 1

V d 4. Tnh tch phn I =

t an t + 1
dt =
t an 2 t
p
Vy I = .
4

1+
0

Gii

p p
;
dx = (t an 2 x + 1)dt

2 2
p
= 0, x = 1 t =
4
p
4

dt =
0

dx
.
x + 2x + 2
2

Hng dn:
3- 1

I=

dx
=
2
x + 2x + 2

3- 1

dx
.
1 + (x + 1)2

t x + 1 = t an t
p
S: I =
.
12
2

V d 5. Tnh tch phn I =

dx
.
4 - x2

p
S: I = .
2
3- 1

V d 6. Tnh tch phn I =

dx
.
x + 2x + 2
2

p
S: I =
.
12
3. Cc dng c bit
3.1. Dng lng gic
p
2

V d 11 (bc sin l). Tnh tch phn I =

cos

x sin 3 xdx .

Hng dn:
t t = cos x
2
S: I =
.
15

p
.
4

p
2

V d 12 (bc cosin l). Tnh tch phn I =

cos

xdx .

Hng dn:
t t = sin x
8
S: I =
.
15
p
2

V d 13 (bc sin v cosin chn). Tnh tch phn I =

cos

x sin 2 xdx .

Gii
p
2

I=

p
2

cos

x sin 2 xdx =

p
2

p
2

1
1
1
cos2 x sin 2 2xdx =
(1 - cos 4x)dx + cos 2x sin 2 2xdx

4 0
16 0
4 0

p
2

p
2

x
1
1
1
sin 3 2x 2
p
2

=
(1
cos
4x)dx
+
sin
2xd(sin
2x)
.
=
sin
4x
+
=

16 0
8 0
16 64
24 0
32
p
Vy I =
.
32
p
2

cos x +

V d 14. Tnh tch phn I =

dx
.
sin x + 1

Hng dn:

x
.
2
S: I = ln 2 .
t t = t an

Biu din cc hm s LG theo t

a
: sin a
2

tan

2t
1 t

; cos a
2

1 t2
1 t

; tan a

2t

.
1 t2

3.2. Dng lin kt

p

xdx

sin x + 1 .

V d 15. Tnh tch phn I =

Gii
t x = p - t dx = - dt
x = 0 t = p, x = p t = 0
0

I= -

(p - t)dt
=
sin(p - t) + 1
p

= p
0

p
2 0

(sin 2t + cos 2t )

( sin t + 1 0

dt
p
- I I=
sin t + 1
2

dt

p
dt
p
=

4 0 cos2 t - p
2 0
2 4

Vy I = p .
Tng qut:

t
dt
sin t + 1

dt

sin t + 1
0

t p
d -

t p

2 4
p
= t an -
= p.

t
p
2
2
4
0
cos2 -

2 4

p
2

V d 16. Tnh tch phn I =

sin
p
2

2007

p
2

Mt khc I + J =

dx =
0

f(sin x)dx .
0

sin 2007 x
dx .
sin 2007 x + cos2007 x

Gii
p
t x = - t dx = - dt
2
p
p
x= 0 t = , x=
t = 0
2
2
p
p
2
sin 2007
- t
cos2007 t
2
=
dx
sin 2007 t + cos2007 t dx = J (1).
p
2007 p
0
- t + cos
- t
2
2

I= -

p
xf(sin x)dx =
2

p
p
(2). T (1) v (2) suy ra I = .
2
4

Tng qut:
p
2

sin x
dx =
n
sin x + cos n x
p
6

V d 17. Tnh tch phn I =

I - 3J = 1 -

sin x +
0

cos n x
p
dx = , n Z+ .
n
n
sin x + cos x
4

sin 2 x
dx v J =
sin x + 3 cos x
Gii

p
6

cos2 x
dx .
sin x + 3 cos x

3 (1).

p
6

I+ J =

p
2

p
6

dx
3 cos x

p
dt = dx
3
3
T (1) v (2) I =
ln 3 +
16

t t = x +

V d 18. Tnh tch phn I =

1
dx

2 0 sin x + p
3
1
I + J = ln 3 (2).
4
1- 3
1
1- 3
.
, J =
ln 3 4
16
4
1
ln(1 + x)
1 + x 2 dx .
0

dx =

Gii
t x = t an t dx = (1 + t an 2 t)dt
p
x = 0 t = 0, x = 1 t =
4
p
4

I=

p
4

ln(1 + t an t)
(1 + t an 2 t ) dt = ln(1 + t an t)dt .
2
1 + t an t
0
p
t t = - u dt = - du
4
p
p
t = 0 u = , t =
u = 0
4
4
5

p
4

- u

ln
1
+
t
an
du

ln(1 + t an t)dt = -

I=

p
4

p
4

1 - t an u

= ln 1 +
du =

1
+
t
an
u
0
p
4

p
4

ln 2du - ln (1 +

t an u ) du =

Vy I =
p
4

V d 19. Tnh tch phn I =

ln
1 + t an u du
0
p
ln 2 - I .
4

p
ln 2 .
8

cos x
dx .
x
+ 1

2007
-

p
4

Hng dn:
t x = - t
2
S: I =
.
2
Tng qut:
Vi a > 0 , a > 0 , hm s f(x) chn v lin tc trn on [- a ; a ] th
a

- a

f(x)
dx =
x
a + 1

f(x)dx .
0

V d 20. Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn v tha f(- x) + 2f(x) = cos x .

p
2

Tnh tch phn I =

f(x)dx .
-

p
2

Gii
p
2

t J =

f(- x)dx , x =

- t dx = - dt

p
2

x= -

p
p
p
p
t = , x=
t = 2
2
2
2

p
2

I=

p
2

f(- t)dt =

J 3I = J + 2I =

p
2

p
2

p
2

[f(- x) +

p
2

cos xdx = 2 cos xdx =

p
2

Vy I =
3.3. Cc kt qu cn nh
6

2
.
3

2.

2f(x) ]dx

i/ Vi a > 0 , hm s f(x) l v lin tc trn on [a; a] th

f(x)dx =

0.

- a
a

f(x)dx = 2 f(x)dx .

ii/ Vi a > 0 , hm s f(x) chn v lin tc trn on [a; a] th

- a

iii/ Cng thc Walliss (dng cho trc nghim)

(n

cosn xdx = sin n xdx = (n

0
0

p
2

p
2

- 1) !!
, ne
u n le
n !!
.
- 1) !! p
. , ne
u n cha
n
n !!
2

Trong
n!! c l n walliss v c nh ngha da vo n l hay chn. Chng hn:
0 !! = 1; 1!! = 1; 2 !! = 2; 3 !! = 1.3; 4 !! = 2.4; 5 !! = 1.3.5;
6 !! = 2.4.6; 7 !! = 1.3.5.7; 8 !! = 2.4.6.8; 9 !! = 1.3.5.7.9; 10 !! = 2.4.6.8.10 .
p
2

V d 21.

11

xdx =

10 !!
2.4.6.8.10
256
=
=
.
11!! 1.3.5.7.9.11 693

10

xdx =

9 !! p
1.3.5.7.9 p
63p
. =
. =
.
10 !! 2
2.4.6.8.10 2
512

cos
0
p
2

V d 22.

sin
0

II. TCH PHN TNG PHN

1. Cng thc
Cho hai hm s u(x), v(x) lin tc v c o hm trn on [a; b]. Ta c
(

uv )/ = u / v + uv/

uv )/ dx = u / vdx + uv/ dx

d (uv ) = vdu + udv

d(uv) = vdu + udv

a

uv

b
a

a
b

vdu + udv udv =

a

uv

b
a

vdu .
a

Cng thc:
b

udv =

uv

b
a

vdu

(1).

Cng thc (1) cn c vit di dng:

b

f(x)g (x)dx =
/

f(x)g(x)

b
a

f (x)g(x)dx
/

(2).

2. Phng php gii ton

b

Gi s cn tnh tch phn

f(x)g(x)dx

ta thc hin

Cch 1.
Bc 1. t u = f(x), dv = g(x)dx (hoc ngc li) sao cho d tm nguyn hm v(x) v vi phn
b

du = u (x)dx khng qu phc tp. Hn na, tch phn

/

vdu
a

Bc 2. Thay vo cng thc (1) tnh kt qu.

c bit:
7

phi tnh c.

i/ Nu gp

P(x) sin axdx, P(x) cos axdx, e

a
b

ii/ Nu gp

ax

.P(x)dx vi P(x) l a thc th t u = P(x) .

P(x) ln xdx th t u =

ln x .

Cch 2.
b

Vit li tch phn

f(x)g(x)dx = f(x)G (x)dx

/

v s dng trc tip cng thc (2).

a
1

V d 1. Tnh tch phn I =

xe dx .
x

Gii
u = x
du = dx
(chn C = 0 )

x
x
dv = e dx
v = e

xe dx =
x

xe

0
e

V d 2. Tnh tch phn I =

x 1
0

e dx =
x

(x - 1)e x

1
0

= 1.

x ln xdx .
1

Gii

dx

du =
u = ln x
x
t

2
dv = xdx

v =

2
e
e
2
x
1
e2 + 1
x ln xdx =
ln x - xdx =
.
2
2 1
4
1

1
p
2

V d 3. Tnh tch phn I =

sin xdx .

Gii
du = cos xdx
u = sin x

dv = e x dx
v = ex

p
2

I=

ex sin xdx = ex sin x

p
2
0

p
2

ex cos xdx = e 2 - J .
0

du = - sin xdx
u = cos x

x
dv = e x dx
v = e
p
2

J =

cos xdx = e x cos x

p
2
0

p
2

sin xdx = - 1 + I

0
p
p
2

e2 + 1
.
I = e - (- 1 + I) I =
2

Ch :
i khi ta phi i bin s trc khi ly tch phn tng phn.

p2
4

cos

V d 7. Tnh tch phn I =

xdx .

Hng dn:
p
2

t t =

x L I = 2 t cos t dt = L = p - 2 .
0
e

sin(ln x)dx .

V d 8. Tnh tch phn I =

S: I =

(sin 1 - cos1)e + 1
.
2

III. TCH PHN CHA GI TR TUYT I

Phng php gii ton
1. Dng 1
b

Gi s cn tnh tch phn I =

f(x) dx , ta thc hin cc bc sau

Bc 1. Lp bng xt du (BXD) ca hm s f(x) trn on [a; b], gi s f(x) c BXD:

a

x
f(x)
b

Bc 2. Tnh I =

+
x1

x1
0

x2
0

x2

f(x)dx - f(x)dx + f(x)dx .

f(x) dx =

x1

x2

V d 9. Tnh tch phn I =

x 2 - 3x + 2 dx .

- 3

Gii
Bng xt du
x
x - 3x + 2
2

- 3
+

1
0

I=

2
0

(x

(x

- 3x + 2 ) dx -

- 3

- 3x + 2 ) dx =

Vy I =

59
.
2

59
.
2

p
2

V d 10. Tnh tch phn I =

5 - 4 cos2 x - 4 sin xdx .

p
S: I = 2 3 - 2 - .
6
2. Dng 2
b

Gi s cn tnh tch phn I =

[ f(x)

g(x) ]dx , ta thc hin

Cch 1.
b

Tch I =

[ f(x)
a

g(x) ]dx =

f(x) dx

g(x) dx ri s dng dng 1 trn.

Cch 2.
Bc 1. Lp bng xt du chung ca hm s f(x) v g(x) trn on [a; b].
Bc 2. Da vo bng xt du ta b gi tr tuyt i ca f(x) v g(x).
2

( x

V d 11. Tnh tch phn I =

- x - 1 ) dx .

- 1

Gii
Cch 1.
2

( x

I=

- x - 1 ) dx =

- 1
0

= -

x dx -

- 1
2

- 1

x2
2

+
- 1

1)dx -

(x -

- 1
2

x2
2

x - 1 dx

- 1
2

xdx + xdx + (x -

= -

1)dx

1
1

x 2

x 2

- x
+ - x

= 0.

2
1
- 1

Cch 2.
Bng xt du
x
x
x1

0
0

I=

1
+

2
+
+

(- x + x - 1 ) dx +

- 1

(x -

( x + x - 1 ) dx +

= -x

0
- 1

x + 1 ) dx

+ (x - x ) 0 + x
Vy I = 0 .

2
1

= 0.

3. Dng 3
b

max {f(x),

tnh cc tch phn I =

g(x) }dx v J =

min {f(x),

g(x) }dx , ta thc hin cc

bc sau:
Bc 1. Lp bng xt du hm s h(x) = f(x) - g(x) trn on [a; b].
Bc 2.
+ Nu h(x) > 0 th max {f(x), g(x) } = f(x) v min {f(x), g(x) } = g(x) .
+ Nu h(x) < 0 th max {f(x), g(x) } = g(x) v min {f(x), g(x) } = f(x) .
4

max {x

V d 12. Tnh tch phn I =

+ 1, 4x - 2 }dx .

Gii
t h(x) = (x 2 + 1) - (4x - 2 ) = x 2 - 4x + 3 .
Bng xt du
x
h(x)

1
0

I=

(x

3
0

3
2

+ 1 ) dx +

(4x -

2 ) dx +

(x
3

80
.
3

min {3 ,

+
4

Vy I =
V d 13. Tnh tch phn I =

4 - x }dx .

10

+ 1 ) dx =

80
.
3

Gii
t h(x) = 3x - (4 - x ) = 3x + x - 4 .
Bng xt du
x
h(x)
1

I=

1
0

3 dx +
x

2
+

3x 1
x2
2
5
+ 4x + .
=

ln 3 0
2 1
ln 3 2

(4 - x ) dx =

2
5
+ .
ln 3 2

Vy I =
IV. BT NG THC TCH PHN
Phng php gii ton
1. Dng 1
b

chng minh

f(x)dx

f(x)dx

0 (hoc

0 ) ta chng minh f(x) 0 (hoc f(x) 0 ) vi

" x [a; b ].
1

V d 14. Chng minh

1 - x 6 dx 0 .

Gii
1

Vi " x [0; 1 ]: x 1
6

1- x 0
6

1 - x 6 dx 0 .

2. Dng 2
b

chng minh

f(x)dx g(x)dx
a

ta chng minh f(x) g(x) vi " x [a; b ].

a
p
2

dx

V d 15. Chng minh

10
1
+
sin
x
0

p
2

1+
0

dx
.
sin 11 x

Gii
p
Vi " x 0;
: 0 sin x 1 0 sin 11 x sin 10 x
2

1
1
1 + sin 10 x 1 + sin 11 x > 0

.
10
1 + sin x
1 + sin 11 x
p
2

Vy

1+
0

dx

sin 10 x

p
2

1+
0

dx
.
sin 11 x

3. Dng 3
b

chng minh A

f(x)dx

B ta thc hin cc bc sau

Bc 1. Tm gi tr ln nht v nh nht ca f(x) trn on [a; b] ta c m f(x) M .

b

Bc 2. Ly tch phn A = m(b - a)

f(x)dx
a

V d 16. Chng minh 2

4 + x 2 dx

5.

Gii
11

M(b - a) = B .

Vi " x [0; 1 ] : 4 4 + x 2 5 2

4 + x2

5.

Vy 2

4 + x 2 dx

5.

V d 17. Chng minh

3p
4

3p
4

dx
p
.
2
2
2 sin x
Gii

1
p 3p 2
Vi " x ;
sin x 1
sin 2 x 1
:
4
4
2
2

1
1
1 3 - 2 sin 2 x 2

1
2 3 - 2 sin 2 x
1 3p p

2 4
4

3-

dx
3p p
.
1
2
4
4
2 sin x

3-

dx
p
.
2
2
2 sin x

Vy

12

V d 18. Chng minh

3p
4

p
3

p
4
3p
4

p
4

cot x
1
dx .
x
3

p
4

Gii
p p
cot x
Xt hm s f(x) =
, x ; ta c
4 3
x

- x
- cot x
2
p p
sin
x
/
;

f (x) =
<
0
"
x

4 3
x2

p
p
p p

f
f(x) f
"x ;
3
4
4 3

p p
3
cot x
4

"x ;
4 3
p
x
p

( )

( )

3
p - p

p 3 4

Vy

12

p
3

cot x
4 p p
dx -

.
x
p 3 4

p
4
p
3

p
4

cot x
1
dx .
x
3

4. Dng 4 (tham kho)

b

chng minh A

f(x)dx

B (m dng 3 khng lm c) ta thc hin

12

 f(x) g(x) " x [a; b ]

b
Bc 1. Tm hm s g(x) sao cho
f(x)dx B .
g(x)dx = B
a

a
h(x) f(x) " x [a; b ]
b

Bc 2. Tm hm s h(x) sao cho b

A f(x)dx .
h(x)dx = A
a

a
dx
p
.
2007
4
1- x
0
Gii

2
1
Vi " x 0;
: 0 x 2007 x 2
2
2

1
1

1 - x 2 1 - x 2007 1 1

2
1 - x 2007

V d 19. Chng minh

2
2

2
2

2
2

2
2

dx
dx

.
2007
1- x
1 - x2
0
0
0
t x = sin t dx = cos t dt
2
p
x = 0 t = 0, x =
t =
2
4

dx

2
2

Vy

3+ 1

p
4

dx
=
1 - x2

V d 20. Chng minh

1
1 - x2

2
2

cos t dt
p
= .
cos t
4

dx
p

.
4
1 - x 2007

xdx
2+ 1

.
2
x + 2- 1
0
Gii
Vi " x [0; 1 ]: 2 - 1 x 2 + 2 - 1 3 - 1
x
x
x

2
3- 1
2- 1
x + 2- 1
1

Vy

xdx

3- 1
3+ 1

0
1

xdx

2
x + 2- 1
xdx

x + 2- 1
2

V. NG DNG CA TCH PHN

A. TNH DIN TCH HNH PHNG
1. Din tch hnh thang cong

13

xdx
.
2- 1
2+ 1
.
2

Cho hm s f(x) lin tc trn on [a; b]. Din tch hnh thang cong gii hn bi cc ng
b

y = f(x), x = a, x = b v trc honh l S =

f(x) dx .

Phng php gii ton

Bc 1. Lp bng xt du hm s f(x) trn on [a; b].
b

Bc 2. Da vo bng xt du tnh tch phn

f(x) dx .

V d 1. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = ln x, x = 1, x = e v Ox.

Gii
Do ln x 0 " x [1; e ] nn
e

S=

ln x dx =

ln xdx =

x (ln x - 1 ) 1e = 1 .

Vy S = 1 (vdt).
V d 2. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = - x 2 + 4x - 3, x = 0, x = 3 v Ox.
Gii
Bng xt du
x 0
1
3
y

0
+
0
1

S= -

(- x

+ 4x - 3 ) dx +

(- x

+ 4x - 3 ) dx

1
1

x3

x3

8
= - + 2x 2 + 3x
+
+ 2x 2 + 3x
= .

3
0 3
1
3
8
Vy S =
(vdt).
3
2. Din tch hnh phng
2.1. Trng hp 1.
Cho hai hm s f(x) v g(x) lin tc trn on [a; b]. Din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
b

y = f(x), y = g(x), x = a, x = b l S =

f(x) - g(x) dx .

Phng php gii ton

Bc 1. Lp bng xt du hm s f(x) - g(x) trn on [a; b].
b

Bc 2. Da vo bng xt du tnh tch phn

f(x) - g(x) dx .

2.2. Trng hp 2.
Cho hai hm s f(x) v g(x) lin tc trn on [a; b]. Din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
b

y = f(x), y = g(x) l S =

f(x) - g(x) dx . Trong a , b l nghim nh nht v ln nht ca

phng trnh f(x) = g(x) (a a < b b ) .

Phng php gii ton
Bc 1. Gii phng trnh f(x) = g(x) .
Bc 2. Lp bng xt du hm s f(x) - g(x) trn on [a ; b ].
b

Bc 3. Da vo bng xt du tnh tch phn

f(x) - g(x) dx .

14

V d 3. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = x 3 + 11x - 6, y = 6x 2 ,

x = 0, x = 2 .
Gii
t h(x) = (x 3 + 11x - 6) - 6x 2 = x 3 - 6x 2 + 11x - 6
h(x) = 0 x = 1 x = 2 x = 3 (loi).
Bng xt du
x 0
1
2
h(x)

0
+
0
1

S= -

(x

(x

- 6x + 11x - 6 ) dx +

- 6x 2 + 11x - 6 ) dx

1
1

11x
11x 2
5
- 2x 3 +
= - - 2x 3 +
- 6x
+
- 6x
= .

4
0 4
1
2
2
2
5
Vy S =
(vdt).
2
V d 4. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = x 3 + 11x - 6, y = 6x 2 .
Gii
3
t h(x) = (x + 11x - 6) - 6x 2 = x 3 - 6x 2 + 11x - 6
h(x) = 0 x = 1 x = 2 x = 3 .
Bng xt du
x 1
2
3
h(x) 0
+
0

0
4

S=

(x

(x

- 6x + 11x - 6 ) dx -

- 6x 2 + 11x - 6 ) dx

2
2

11x
11x 2
1
- 2x 3 +
= - 2x 3 +
- 6x
- 6x
= .

4
1 4
2
2
2
2
1
Vy S =
(vdt).
2
4

Ch :
Nu trong on [a ; b ] phng trnh f(x) = g(x) khng cn nghim no na th ta c th dng cng
b

thc

f(x) - g(x) dx =

[f(x) -

g(x) ]dx .

V d 5. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = x 3 , y = 4x .

Gii
3
Ta c x = 4x x = - 2 x = 0 x = 2
0

S=

(x

2
3

- 4x ) dx +

- 2

(x

- 4x ) dx

= - 2x 2
+ - 2x 2

= 8.
4
- 2
4

0
Vy S = 8 (vdt).
V d 6. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = x 2 - 4 x + 3 v trc honh.
Gii
2
Ta c x - 4 x + 3 = 0 t 2 - 4t + 3 = 0, t = x 0
4

15

t = 1
x = 1
x = 1



t = 3
x = 3
x = 3

S=

x - 4 x + 3 dx = 2 x 2 - 4x + 3 dx
2

- 3

= 2 ( x 2 - 4x + 3 ) dx
0
1
x 3

= 2 - 2x 2 + 3x

+
3

0
1

( x 2 - 4x + 3 ) dx

16
=
.

- 2x 2 + 3x

1
16
Vy S =
(vdt).
3
V d 7. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = x 2 - 4x + 3 v y = x + 3 .
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im
x 2 - 4x + 3 = x + 3
x + 3 0

x = 0
2
x - 4x + 3 = x + 3
x = 5 .

2
x - 4x + 3 = - x - 3

Bng xt du
x
0
1
3
5
2
+
0

0
+
x - 4x + 3
1

S=

(x

- 5x ) dx +

(- x

+ 3x - 6 ) dx +

(x

- 5x ) dx

x 3 5x 2

- x 3

x 3 5x 2

3x 2
109

.
= +
+
6x
+
=

3
1 3
2 0 3
2
2 3
6
109
Vy S =
(vdt).
6
V d 8. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi y = x 2 - 1 , y = x + 5 .
Gii
Phng trnh honh giao im
x 2 - 1 = x + 5 t 2 - 1 = t + 5, t = x 0
t = x 0

t = x 0
2
t - 1 = t + 5
x = 3

t = 3

t 2 - 1 = - t - 5

S=

x - 1 2

x + 5 ) dx = 2 x 2 - 1 -

- 3

(x

+ 5 ) dx

Bng xt du
x
x - 1

1
0

3
+

S= 2

(- x

3
2

- x - 4 ) dx +

(x
1

16

- x - 6 ) dx

- x 3

x 3

x2
x2
73

.
= 2
- 4x
+ - 6x
=

3
0 3
1
2
2
3
73
Vy S =
(vdt).
3
Ch :
Nu hnh phng c gii hn t 3 ng tr ln th v hnh (tuy nhin thi H th khng c).
B. TNH TH TCH KHI TRN XOAY
1. Trng hp 1.
Th tch khi trn xoay do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = f(x) 0" x [a;b ], y = 0 ,
b

x = a v x = b (a < b) quay quanh trc Ox l V = p f 2 (x)dx .

a

V d 9. Tnh th tch hnh cu do hnh trn (C) : x + y = R 2 quay quanh Ox.

Gii
Honh giao im ca (C) v Ox l x2 = R 2 x = R .
Phng trnh (C) : x 2 + y 2 = R 2 y 2 = R 2 - x 2
2

V = p (R - x ) dx = 2p (R 2 - x 2 ) dx
2

- R

0
R

x
4p R 3
.
= 2p R 2 x =

3 0
3
4p R 3
Vy V =
(vtt).
3
3

2. Trng hp 2.
Th tch khi trn xoay do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng x = g(y) 0" y [c;d ], x = 0 ,
d

y = c v y = d (c < d) quay quanh trc Oy l V = p g2 (y)dy .

c
2

x
y
+ 2 = 1 quay quanh Oy.
2
a
b
Gii
y2
Tung giao im ca (E) v Oy l 2 = 1 y = b .
b
x2
y2
a 2 y2
Phng trnh (E) : 2 + 2 = 1 x 2 = a 2 a
b
b2

V d 10. Tnh th tch hnh khi do ellipse (E) :

a 2 y2
a 2 y2
2
dy = 2p
dy

V = p a 2 a

2
2

b
b
- b
0
R

a 2 y3
4p a 2 b
= 2p a 2 y =
.

0
3
3b 2
4p a 2 b
Vy V =
(vtt).
3
3. Trng hp 3.
Th tch khi trn xoay do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = f(x), y = g(x) , x = a v
x = b (a < b, f(x) 0, g(x) 0 " x [a; b ]) quay quanh trc Ox l
b

V = p f 2 (x) - g2 (x) dx .
a

17

V d 11. Tnh th tch hnh khi do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng y = x 2 , y 2 = x quay quanh
Ox.
Gii
x 0
x = 0
Honh giao im 4
.

x= 1
x = x

V = p x - x dx = p
4

(x

- x ) dx

= p

1 5 1 2 1
3p
.
x - x
=
5
2
10
0
3p
Vy V =
(vtt).
10

4. Trng hp 4.
Th tch khi trn xoay do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng x = f(y), x = g(y) , y = c v
y = d (c < d, f(y) 0, g(y) 0 " y [c; d ]) quay quanh trc Oy l
d

V = p f 2 (y) - g2 (y) dy .
c

V d 12. Tnh th tch hnh khi do hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng x = - y 2 + 5 , x = 3 - y

quay quanh Oy.
Gii
y = - 1
Tung giao im - y 2 + 5 = 3 - y
.
y= 2

V = p (- y 2 + 5 ) - (3 - y )2 dy
2

- 1
2

= p

(y

- 11y 2 + 6y + 16 ) dy

- 1

y 5 11y 3

153p
= p + 3y 2 + 16y
=

5
- 1
3
5
Vy V =

153p
(vtt).
5

VI. TCH PHN CHA T HP

1

1. Tnh I=

1 x

10

dx p dng kt qu hy tnh tng sau: S 1

1 1
C10
2

1 2
C10
3

2. Tnh: I

x 1 x

19

dx . p dng kt qu hy tnh tng sau:

3. Chng minh rng:1

1 1
Cn
2

1 0
C19
2
1 2
Cn
3

...

1 1
C19
3
1
n 1

1 2
C19
4
Cnn

...

1 18
C19
20

1 19
C19 .
21

2n 1 1
n 1

BI TP T GII
1. Tm nguyn hm F(x) ca hm s f(x)= sin x cos x , bit rng F
sin x cos x
2. Tnh cc tch phn sau:
18

ln2

...

1 10
C10
11

e
A= 2 x 5-7 x dx

B=

C= 2 x ln 2dx

x 2 -1 dx
-2

3. Tnh cc tch phn sau:

e
4
B= ln x dx

A= e3cos x sin xdx

0

C* =

2 3

D* =

dx
x x

x
dx
x -1

4. Tnh cc tch phn sau:

e
I= sin(ln x) dx

J=

10

dx
2
sin x cot x

K= lg xdx
1

ln 5

L=
e

ln 3

C=

dx
2e x

dx
x -9

N=
2

cos x 4 sin x

sin 2 x
dx
(1 cos 2 x)2

4-x

ln 2

D=

sin 2 xdx

5. Tnh cc tch phn sau:

1
dx
A=
0

M=

B=

dx

2
3

x2

1- e x
dx
1 ex

E=
2

C=
3

2
x2

16 - x 2 dx
0

dx

6. Tnh cc tch phn sau:

e2

A= ln x dx
x
1

B* =
2

D* = cos(ln x)dx

E=

x sin x
dx
2
0 1 cos x
3x 4
x3

2x

C* =

ln x
dx
2
1 x
1

F*

dx

x2 1
dx
x4
11

7. Tnh:
4

0
e

F=

ln x 1
dx
x
1

cos 2 xdx

A=

B= cos 3 xdx

C= xe x dx

D=

G= x 1 2 x 2 dx

H= x 1 2 xdx

0
4

I=
1

e
x

x 1

dx

E= x ln xdx
1
1

dx

J=

x
dx
x2
01

8. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng sau:

a. x=1; x=e; y=0 v y= 1 ln x

b. y=2x; y=3 x v x=0

c. y=sin2xcos3x, trc Ox v x=0, x= .

3

9. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng: y=0, y=x 3 2x 2 +4x 3 (C) v tip tuyn vi

ng cong (C) ti im c honh bng 2.

10. Cho hnh phng D gii hn bi cc ng y=tanx, x=0, x= /3, y=0.

a. Tnh din tch hnh phng D.

b. Tnh th tch vt th trn xoay sinh ra bi hnh phng D quay quanh trc Ox.
11. Tnh th tch vt th trn xoay sinh ra bi hnh phng gii hn bi ng cong y2 =x 3 v y=0, x=1
khi n quay quanh:
a) Trc Ox.
b) Trc Oy.
Ht
19