Quan Ly Van Hanh Tba 110kv

I.
1.
QUI NH CHUNG:
Mc ch v phm vi p dng: Quy trnh ny p dng chung cho cng tc qun l k thut, qun l vn hnh, kim tra bo dng v sa cha cc trm bin p 110kV c ngi trc ca vn hnh do Cng ty Li in cao th min Trung qun l vn hnh; nhm m bo cc trm bin p 110kV vn hnh n nh, an ton v tin cy; to c s phi hp ng b gia cc n v chc nng trong cng tc qun l k thut v qun l vn hnh.
2.
Son tho v ban hnh: Quy trnh ny do Phng K thut Cng ty Li in cao th min Trung son tho; Trng Phng K thut sot xt v Gim c Cng ty Li in cao th min Trung ph duyt ban hnh.
3. 3.1. 3.2.
Trch nhim: Phng K thut v Lnh o cc n v m bo Quy trnh ny lun c tun th. Cn b cng nhn vin lin quan: Nghim chnh thc hin qui nh trong Quy trnh ny.
II.
1. 1.1. 1.2.
NH NGHA, T VIT TT V TI LIU VIN DN

nh ngha: "n v" l cc Chi nhnh in cao th v X nghip Sa cha - Th nghim. Nhn vin trm bin p l cn b cng nhn vin qun l vn hnh trm bin p gm: Trm trng, trc chnh, trc ph v k thut vin, nhn vin bo v (nu c). Nhn vin tp s l nhn vin ang k hp ng th vic hoc hp ng ngn hn, ang trong giai on tp s cha c kim tra cng nhn chc danh qun l vn hnh. T vit tt: Mt s ch vit tt thng dng trong quy trnh. TBA MBA MC CS TI TU FCO DCL LBS RT BVRL SCL : : : : : : : : : : : : Trm bin p. My bin p. My ct. Chng st. Bin dng in. Bin in p. Cu ch t ri. Dao cch ly. Dao ct c ti. Trang b rle v t ng ho. Bo v rle. Sa cha ln.
1.3.
2.
Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV
SCTX QLKT QLVH NVVH PCCC B07 Trung. - A3 in min trung. - V 3. Ti liu vin dn:
: : : : : :
Sa cha thng xuyn. Qun l k thut. Qun l vn hnh. Nhn vin vn hnh. Phng chy cha chy. Trc ban sn xut Cng ty Li in cao th min
: Trc ban iu Trung tm iu h thng : iu vin.
- Lut in lc s 28/2004/QH11 ca Quc hi nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam - Quy phm trang b in ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 19/2006/Q-BCN ngy 11/7/2006 ca B trng B Cng nghip (nay l B Cng Thng). - Quy chun k thut quc gia v k thut in ban hnh km quyt nh 54/2008 ngy 30/12/2008 ca B Cng Thng.
III. NI DUNG
PHN I: QUY NH CHUNG V CNG TC QLVH TRM 110kV: 1. Cc ti liu phc v cng tc QLVH TBA 110kV: 1.1. Cc n v phi c cc ti liu sau phc v cho cng tc qun l vn hnh v sa cha TBA 110kV: - Thit k k thut thi cng TBA (k c cc cng trnh ph tr). - Ti liu thay i thit k, cc vn bn thay i thit k v bng k nhng thay i thit k lin quan. - Cc h s php l lin quan nh: Vn bn ph duyt thit k k thut thi cng. Giy php cp t xy dng v cc vn bn tho thun ca cc c quan qun l chuyn ngnh. Bin bn n b (c khi lng v gi tr n b cho tng h c xc nhn ca chnh quyn a phng).... - L lch, catalog, hng dn lp t vn hnh v bo dng, bin bn th nghim xut xng, bin bn th nghim hiu chnh cc vt t thit b lp t ti trm (MBA, MC, DCL, CS, FCO ...). - Cc bin bn nghim thu tng phn cc hng mc cng trnh. - Bin bn nghim thu chy th tng hp cng trnh. - Bin bn bn giao cng trnh a vo vn hnh. - H s hon cng. - Tt c cc vn bn k thut, php l khc c lin quan n cng trnh. 1.2. Cc h s nu trn phi c lu ti: - 01 b lu ti Phng K thut Cng ty. - 01 b lu ti vn phng chi nhnh - 01 b lu ti TBA 110kV. 1.3. Ngoi cc h s trn, ti cc TBA 110kV phi c cc h s s sch sau y: - Bn v s nguyn l TBA trn kh giy A0 treo ti phng iu khin. - Bn v s phng thc bo v rle TBA trn kh giy A0 treo ti phng iu khin. - Bn v s h thng t dng mt chiu DC v xoay chiu AC trn kh giy A0 treo ti phng iu khin. - Bn tm tt cc thng s k thut ca cc thit b chnh (MBA, MC, DCL, TU, TI...) treo ti phng iu khin. - S PCCC c cp thm quyn ph duyt. Tiu lnh PCCC. Bng ni quy PCCC. - Cc quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b ti trm. - Cc hng dn vn hnh cc rle bo v, cc thit b khc (nu c). - Phng n phng chng chy n c duyt. 3
- Cc loi h s s sch theo di vn hnh theo qui nh: + S nht k vn hnh TBA. + S ghi chp thng s vn hnh trm. + S ghi thng s c quy. + S tng hp tn ti v cch x l. + S theo di s c. + S theo di hin tng bt thng. + S theo di s ln ct s c v dng ct s c ca my ct. + S ghi lnh thao tc. + S theo di phiu cng tc, thao tc. + H s lu phiu chnh nh rle, Cc bin bn kim tra th nghim thit b. + L lch cc thit b ti trm. 2. Trang b vt t, thit b, phng tin ngh phc v cng tc QLVH TBA 110kV: 2.1. Trang b hnh chnh vn phng ti thiu: TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hng mc Bn trc ca vn hnh. Bn lm vic loi thng. Gh trc. Bn hi hp + 10 gh bc nm Bn my vi tnh + gh T ng h s (loi 2 cnh) Bnh lc nc nng lnh T ng cc nhn (10 ngn) My vi tnh + My in n v Ci Ci Ci B B Ci Ci Ci B Ci Ci S lng 01 02 02 01 01 02 01 01 01 01 02 1 ni b, 1 ng di Ghi ch
10 My Fax 11 in thoi
2.2. Trang b dng c ngh, phng tin ti thiu phc v SCTX x l s c: 4
TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Hng mc M gm mt 2.500V M gm mt 500V ng h vn nng Khoan in cm tay My mi cm tay My ht bi cng nghip n chiu sng di ng 500W 220VAC B ngh (c l, m lt, tp ...) Gi st dng c
n v Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci Ci B B Ci Ci Ci Ci
S lng 01 01 01 01 01 01 02 01 01 01 01 01
Ghi ch
10 T ng dng c sa cha 11 T st kn ng dng c 12 My pht in lu ng chy xng, cng sut 3-5kW
Tu theo thc t TBA m trang b
2.3. Trang b dng c an ton ti thiu phc v QLVH: TT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hng mc Bt th in 110kV + So thao tc Bt th in 35kV + So thao tc Tip a di ng c dy ng mm tit din 35mm2. Gng tay cch in ng cch in Thm cch in Dy an ton n v B B B i i Ci Ci S lng 01 01 02 04 04 02 02 5 Ghi ch
TT 8 9
Hng mc Thang gp cch in ch A cao 5 m Bng nha lm ro chn an ton (100m/cun)
n v Ci Cun Ci Ci
S lng 01 04 40 02
Ghi ch
10 Bin bo an ton cc loi 11 Mt n phng c
Tu theo thc t trang b
3. Cc quy nh khc: 3.1. Cc TBA phi c bng tn trm. 3.2. Cc thit b trong trm phi c ni t ng theo quy phm "Ni t v ni khng cc thit b in". Yu cu cc thit b phi c ni t vo tr thit b v ni t trc tip vo h thng ni t ca trm bng dy ng tit din ti thiu 25mm2. 3.3. Tt c cc thit b trong trm phi c nh s thit b theo ng quy trnh "iu H thng in Quc gia". 3.4. Trong trm phi c y cc h thng cc bin bo ng theo quy trnh "K thut an ton in trong cng tc qun l, vn hnh, sa cha, xy dng ng dy v trm in" do Tng Cng ty in lc Vit Nam ban hnh. Trang b phng chy; cha chy v s b tr cc phng tin phng chy cha chy treo ni d thy theo ng phng n phng chng chy n c duyt. PHN II: YU CU I VI NHN VIN QLVH TRM 110kV: 1. Trnh ca nhn vin vn hnh: 1.1. Trc ph: Nhn vin trc ph TBA 110kV phi c trnh t cng nhn k thut in (h chnh quy) tr ln v c o to t cc trng chuyn ngnh. 1.2. Trc chnh: - Trc chnh phi c trnh t trung cp k thut in (h chnh quy) tr ln v c o to t cc trng chuyn ngnh. - Trnh ngoi ng: Trnh A ting Anh tr ln. - Trnh tin hc: Trnh A tr ln. 1.3. Trm trng: - Trm trng TBA 110kV phi l k s in v c o to t cc trng chuyn ngnh. - Trm trng TBA phi l ngi tri qua chc danh trc chnh TBA 110kV t nht 3 nm v phi c bc vn hnh t nht l bc 3/5 trc chnh. 6
1.4. Yu cu chung v tng bc vn hnh TBA 110kV nh ph lc 1 km theo. 2. Nhim v chung ca nhn vin QLVH trm bin p: 2.1. Tt c nhn vin QLVH TBA 110kV c nhim v sau y: - Chp hnh theo lnh ch huy ca cc cp iu (theo quyn iu khin). - Thng xuyn theo di v kim tra thit b trong trm, m bo vn hnh an ton, lin tc, ng quy trnh, ng phng thc v kinh t nht. - Khng xy ra cc s c ch quan, x l cc s c kp thi v ng quy trnh. - Nm vng s , thng s k thut, ch vn hnh ca cc thit b trong trm. - T gic v nghim chnh chp hnh k lut lao ng, k lut sn xut, cc quy trnh, quy phm v k thut vn hnh, k thut an ton v phng chy cha chy, phng chng chy n, phng chng bo lt. - Khng ngng nng cao cht lng cng tc qun l vn hnh v hiu qu trong cng vic. Pht huy sng kin ci tin k thut cng tc qun l vn hnh ngy cng hiu qu, gim chi ph vn hnh, gp phn h gi thnh truyn ti in nng cho ton h thng. 2.2. Cc nhn vin trm bin p phi hiu k, nm vng kin thc: a. V thit b nht th: Hiu v nm c cu to, nguyn l lm vic, chc nng v thng s vn hnh ch yu ca cc thit b chnh trong trm nh: my bin p, cc thit b ng ct (my ct, dao cch ly, ...), my bin in p (TU), my bin dng in (TI). Nm c v tr lp t thc t ca thit b nht th trong trm. b. V thit b nh th: - Nm c nguyn l lm vic ca h thng iu khin, tn hiu, h thng rle bo v v t ng, h thng o lng, h thng t dng (xoay chiu AC, mt chiu DC), h thng thng tin lin lc trong trm. Nm c v tr, vai tr, chc nng ca cc thit b nh th trong trm. - Nm c nguyn l lm vic, phm vi bo v, thng s chnh nh cng nh cc trng hp tc ng ca cc rle bo v v h thng t ng trong trm. - Nm v bit cch ci t cc bo v rle, ly cc thng tin (bn tin s c, cc bn ghi s kin ...) ti cc rle trong trm. c. V s : - Hiu v nm r s ni dy chnh (s nh s thit b trong trm), s in t dng (xoay chiu AC v mt chiu DC) ca trm. - Hiu v nm r s b tr thit b trong trm. - Nm c mi lin h gia s ni dy ca trm vi h thng in. - Hiu v nm c mc ch, trnh t thao tc a cc thit b ang vn hnh ra sa cha hoc ngc li. - c v hiu c bn v nh th ca trm. 7
- Nm c s phng chy cha chy ca trm. d. V ni dung quy trnh - quy phm: - Nm v hiu r cc quy trnh vn hnh v bo dng cc trang thit b trong trm, h thng rle bo v, h thng thng tin lin lc, h thng t dng AC/DC, h thng t ng ha trong trm .... - Nm v hiu r quy trnh ny v cc quy trnh thao tc, quy trnh x l s c, quy trnh iu h thng in quc gia. - Nm v hiu r quy trnh k thut an ton in. Hiu bit cc quy tc an ton khi lm vic vi thit b in, bit cch kim tra, gim st cng nhn lm vic cc thit b in v cc bin php cp cu ngi b in git; nm k ni dung phiu cng tc, phiu thao tc. - Nm vng lut phng chy cha chy (PCCC). - Chp hnh nghim chnh cc quy trnh - quy phm do B, Tp on, Tng Cng ty, Cng ty ban hnh v ang cn hiu lc. f. V thc hnh: - Thao tc thnh tho cc thit b trong trm. - S dng thnh tho cc trang thit b, dng c thi cng, sa cha, bo h lao ng, phng chy cha chy trong trm. 2.3. Tt c CBCNV qun l vn hnh TBA cn phi bo m cc iu kin sau: - Phi c kim tra sc khe v c sc khe lm vic, trong qu trnh cng tc phi c khm sc khe nh k mi nm t nht 01 ln. - c o to, kim tra kin thc vn hnh t yu cu vi chc danh trc chnh, trc ph v c cng nhn chc danh ca cp c thm quyn. - c t chc hc tp cc quy phm, quy trnh vn hnh, quy trnh k thut an ton v nh k kim tra kin thc: 06 thng mt ln i vi cc quy trnh vn hnh; 03 thng mt ln i vi quy trnh k thut an ton. 2.4. Tt c cc CBCNV qun l vn hnh TBA phi c trch nhim lu gi, bo qun ti liu k thut, quy trnh vn hnh, cc h s, s sch, biu mu lin quan n cng tc qun l vn hnh ca trm. Tuyt i khng cho mn cc ti liu, quy trnh, s sch, biu mu nu trn ra khi trm khi cha c kin ng ca Trng Trm. 2.5. Chc nng, nhim v c th ca nhn vin QLVH TBA 110kV nh ph lc 2 km theo. 2.6. Nghim cm dn ngi l mt, ngi khng c nhim v vo trm. i vi nhng ngi vo tham quan, thc tp phi c s ng ca Lnh o n v. PHN III: CNG TC QUN L H THNG IN T DNG TRONG TRM BIN P 110kV 1. H thng in t dng trong trm bin p 110kV. 8
1.1. Tng quan v h thng t dng xoay chiu (AC): - H thng ngun t dng xoay chiu (AC) ti cc TBA c cp in t cc MBA t dng (mt hoc nhiu MBA t dng) hoc ngun in t li a phng. - Nu h thng t dng xoay chiu c cp t nhiu ngun (nhiu MBA t dng hoc t li i phng), h thng t dng xoay chiu bao gi cng nhn in t mt ngun chnh v cc ngun khc lm d phng. - H thng in t dng xoay chiu thng cung cp cho cc ph ti: + Cc t chnh lu AC/DC. + H thng qut mt MBA. + ng c iu khin b OLTC. + H thng chiu sng (trong nh, ngoi tri, ti cc t truyn ng, t u dy ngoi tri, ...). + H thng sy ca cc t truyn ng, t phn phi trong nh. + H thng iu ho, thng gi, ht m. - Ti t phn phi xoay chiu phi c cc bo v qu p/km p (27/59) bo tn hiu. 1.2. Tng quan v h thng t dng mt chiu (DC): - H thng ngun t dng mt chiu lm nhim v cung cp in cho cc ph ti nh: rle bo v, t ng ho, iu khin, tn hiu, chiu sng s c, cc c cu t dng khc.... H thng ngun t dng mt chiu c cp in t h thng c quy v cc t chnh lu AC/DC. H thng c quy c np v ph np thng xuyn bi cc t chnh lu AC/DC. - H thng ngun t dng mt chiu cn c tin cy cao, cng sut phi ln m bo s lm vic chc chn ca h thng thit b th cp khi c s c nng n nht v in p trn thanh ci mt chiu cn c n nh ln. - Trong ch lm vic bnh thng h thng in mt chiu ch yu c cp in t cc t chnh lu AC/DC; khi s c mt ngun in h thng t dng xoay chiu hoc khi cc t chnh lu b h hng th h thng in mt chiu c cung cp t h thng c quy. Lu : Khi xy ra s c h thng in t dng mt chiu lm mt ton b ngun mt chiu hoc khi in p ngun mt chiu gim thp (di 80% Um tng ng 180VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 220VDC hoc 90VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 110VDC) khng cho php vn hnh trm. - Ti t phn phi mt chiu phi c cc bo v qu p/km p v chm t (27/59/64) bo tn hiu. 2. Cng tc QLVH h thng in t dng: 2.1. Trong ca trc, NVVH trm phi lun lun theo di tnh trng lm vic ca h thng in t dng xoay chiu v mt chiu, in p ca h thng t dng xoay chiu v mt chiu (Lu : in p t dng xoay chiu v mt chiu phi nm 9
trong gii hn vn hnh cho php). Nu pht hin hin tng bt thng hoc s c h thng in t dng xoay chiu hoc mt chiu NVVH phi nhanh chng bo co vi Lnh o n v, cc cp iu lin quan, trc ca vn hnh Cng ty (B07). Phi hp tm mi bin php khc phc nhanh cc bt thng hoc s c m bo cho trm vn hnh an ton lin tc. - Khi in p t dng xoay chiu hoc mt chiu mt, gim, hay tng qu gii hn, nhn vin vn hnh cn nhanh chng tm mi bin php khi phc v trng thi lm vic bnh thng nh kim tra v thay th cu ch b chy hay ng p t mt b nhy ra, iu chnh in p ca my ph np hay iu chnh s bnh c quy, x l cc im tip xc.... - Trnh t x s c h thng in t dng nh ph lc 3 km theo. Lu : - Tu theo thit b ti tng trm bin p, Trm trng phi trnh Lnh o n v quy nh gii hn (gii hn trn v gii hn di) in p vn hnh h thng t dng xoay chiu v mt chiu ti trm. - Thng thng in p h thng t dng xoay chiu nm trong gii hn 220/380 10% VAC. in p h thng t dng mt chiu nm trong gii hn 0,8Um n 1,1Um. 2.2. QLVH v kim tra nh k h thng c quy: - Mi ca t nht mt ln, nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra h thng c qui theo cc ni dung sau: + Kim tra v ghi s cc thng s: in p, dng in ca h thng in mt chiu, dng ph np ca h thng c qui. + Kim tra ch lm vic thit b np, h thng thng gi (nu c), h thng chiu sng lm vic v chiu sng s c. + Kim tra tnh trng cc bnh c qui, cc t cha hoc gi c qui, cc thit b sy, chiu sng v qut thng gi (nu c) ca h thng c qui. + Kim tra chm t ca h thng mt chiu. Lu : Trng hp pht hin c h hng trm trng m nhn vin vn hnh khng x l c th phi bo co ngay cho n v trng c bin php sa cha kp thi v ghi y vo s nht k vn hnh, s vn hnh c qui, s theo di tnh trng lm vic c qui. - Ca ngy ca th 6 mi tun, ngoi cc ni dung kim tra nh trn nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra thm cc ni dung sau: + o v ghi s in p ca tng bnh c qui pht hin cc bnh c in p gim thp qu qui nh. Lu : Vic o in p ca tng bnh cqui ch thc hin sau khi ct t np ra khi h thng mt chiu t 15 pht n 20 pht (Nu khng ct t np th ch kim tra c in p ph np ging trn tng bnh c quy - khng phi l in p tht ca bnh c quy). 10
S dng cc thit b o ph hp (ng h Vol k mt chiu, ng h vn nng ...) o in p tng bnh cqui (Lu khi s dng cc thit b o: Phi kim tra thit o trc khi s dng. Phi chuyn thang o ca thit b ph hp vi i lng v i tng cn o. Phi t que o ca ng h ng vi cc tnh ca c quy). Nu in p ca cc bnh x dch trong khong 5% in p nh mc ca bnh th c th tm thi khng nh c quy cn tt.
+ Kim tra in tr cch in ca b c qui, in tr khng c nh hn 100k. + Kim tra tnh trng cc thanh ni, thanh ci, cn thit th bi thm m Vadlin trn vt dn. + Kim tra cc thit b v dng c an ton phc v cho cng tc vn hnh c qui: n xch tay kiu phng n, nhit k, ng h vn, gng tay, ng cao su, knh bo h. - Ngy, thng v kt qu kim tra phi ghi y vo s theo di c qui. - Nu pht hin in p cc bnh c quy khng bnh thng phi thng xuyn theo di v x l kp thi. Phi tch v ph np li cc bnh c quy c in p gim trn 10% so vi in p Um. - Hng qu Trm trng phi phi hp vi NVVH trm tin hnh phng np c quy theo hng dn ti ph lc 3 km theo. - Phi lp k hoch sa cha thay th h thng c quy nu kim tra k thut h thng c quy (sau 4h00 k t khi tch cc t chnh lu AC/DC np c quy) pht hin trn 10% s lng bnh c quy c in p gim trn 10% so vi in p Um hoc in p ca h thng c quy gim thp di 80% Um. 2.3. Kim tra nh k cch in h thng mt chiu: - Hng qu, kt hp vi vi cng tc v sinh thit b trm, trng trm v NVVH tin hnh kim tra in tr cch in thanh ci mt chiu v cch in cc mch iu khin ti trm bng mgmmet 500V. in tr cch in thanh ci mt chiu v in tr cch in gia cc mch iu khin vi t yu cu khng thp hn 2M. - Trong trng hp c bit cho php vn hnh h thng in mt chiu in p nh mc 220VDC vi cch in gim n 20k v h thng in mt chiu in p nh mc 110VDC vi cch in gim n 10k. 3. Tnh ton s lng bnh c quy: - m bo vn hnh h thng c quy trong TBA, s lng bnh c quy c tnh ton nh sau: S lng bnh c quy n =
U m U pn
11
Trong : + Um: in p nh mc u ra ca t np ch ph np thng xuyn. + Upn: in p ph np thng xuyn ca mi bnh c quy (theo ti liu k thut ca nh ch to) - Dung lng bnh c quy c tnh ton sao cho h thng c quy vn hnh c lp cp cho ton b ph ti mt chiu ca trm bin p vi thi gian trn 8 gi, in p h thng mt chiu khng gim xung di 0,8Um. Thng thng chn dung lng bnh c quy l 200Ah. PHN IV: CNG TC QUN L H THNG RLE V T NG HO TRONG TRM BIN P 110kV 1. Quy nh chung cng tc QLVH trang b h thng r le v t ng ho: - H thng rle v t ng ho (RT) BVRL l nhng trang thit b lm nhim v t ng pht hin v ct cc phn t b h hng ra khi h thng in, m bo cho cc phn cn li ca h thng vn hnh an ton, lin tc v hiu qu. Yu cu ca RT l c tnh chn lc, tc ng nhanh, nhy v tin cy cao. - Cc thit b in ca cc TBA 110kV phi c bo v chng ngn mch v cc h hng trong ch vn hnh bnh thng bng cc cc trang b RT, my ct hoc cu chy v cc trang b t ng in trong c t ng iu chnh v t ng chng s c. - Cc rle bo v v trang thit b t ng cn gn cc bng nhn d nhn dng bng mt. Trn cc t bng bo v rle, t bng iu khin; cc rle, s ni, kho iu khin ... trn c hai mt (trc v sau) cn c ghi tn theo ng cc quy nh. Cc kho chuyn mch phi ghi r cc v tr tng ng ca kho ng vi cc ch lm vic. - Trong vn hnh phi bo m cc iu kin cc trang b bo v r le, o lng v t ng in, cc mch nh th lm vic tin cy theo cc quy chun k thut (nhit , m, rung cho php v sai lch thng s so vi nh mc) - Cng ty Li in cao th min Trung, cc Chi nhnh in cao th, TBA 110kV trong phm vi qun l phi chu trch nhim qun l, vn hnh h thng bo v r le, t ng in, o lng in v mch nh th m bo an ton, tin cy. - Cc trang b RT v mch nh th phi c nh k kim tra v hiu chnh theo quy trnh k thut (t nht 3 nm mt ln). Sau mi ln tc ng sai hoc t chi tc ng cc trang b ny phi c tin hnh kim tra bt thng (sau s c) theo quy trnh c bit v phi phn tch tm ra c nguyn nhn tc ng sai hoc t chi tc ng ca cc trang b ny. - Cun dy th cp ca my bin dng lun phi khp mch qua rle, ng h in; cc cun dy khng s dng phi c u tt. Cun dy th cp ca my bin in p phi lp t thit b (ptmt) chng ngn mch. Mch nh th ca my bin dng v bin in p phi c im ni t. 12
- Tt c cc RT (tt) phi lun lun lm vic tr phn RT c ch dn c bit ca Lnh o Cng ty hay iu cc cp. - Cm ng cc thit b, thanh ci, ng dy vo lm vic m khng c bo v. - Tt c cc thao tc v RT ch c tin hnh khi c s cho php ca cp iu tng ng theo phn cp v phi c phiu. Khi x l s c, nhn vin vn hnh c th t thc hin trnh t theo quy trnh c th xc nh sau phi bo cho V cc cp bit. - Trang b RT phi c ct ra khi: + Trang b RT b h hng. + Kim tra RT hay chnh nh RT (nu c nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca thit b). Trc khi ct BVRL, nhn vin vn hnh phi chc chn l cc bo v cn li m bo bo v c cho thit b hoc p dng bin php thay th bo v ct bng bo v d phng bo v cho thit b . - m bo s lm vic tin cy ca RT khi c thay i v s ng ct nht th hay trong bo v r le, nhn vin vn hnh phi thc hin cc thao tc theo phng thc hoc theo phiu chnh nh ca cc cp iu . Trng hp chuyn i phc tp th trc ca vn hnh cng nhn vin th nghim phi hp thc hin. - Trc khi ng in, a trang b RT vo lm vic nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra: + Tnh trng lm vic ca trang b RT theo quy nh ti mc 2 di y. + Khng cn tn hiu (n, c, m thanh ...) bo hiu rle tc ng, khng c h hng trong trang b RT. + Trang b RT c u ni, th nghim hon chnh m bo sn sng lm vic. 2. Kim tra, theo di v hot ng ca trang b RT trong vn hnh: - Trong ca trc, nhn vin vn hnh phi nh k kim tra (t nht 1 gi mt ln), theo di s hot ng ca trang b RT bng cch quan st cc du hiu v tnh trng bn ngoi, tnh trng lm vic ca chng; theo di cc tn hiu lm vic v kim tra ng ch vn hnh ca tng trang b bo v rle. - Khi giao nhn ca cng nh trong qu trnh kim tra nh k trong ca trc, nhn vin vn hnh phi quan st, kim tra tt c trang b RT theo cc ni dung sau: + S ng tt c cc trang b RT m phi c trong vn hnh. + Trng thi ch th ca tt c trang b RT phi ng theo yu cu vn hnh c xc lp (ch th tn hiu, n bo v tn hiu c ri, thng s vn hnh ).
13
+ V tr cc trang b ct (kha ng ct, nt ng/nt ct ), cc kha chuyn mch, hp ni , cc n tn hiu, v tr c hiu phi tng ng vi s ng ct nht th v ch lm vic ca thit b v li. + Ch s ca cc ng h trang b RT (ampe mt, vol mt, ot mt, ) tng ng vi ch lm vic. + mi trang b RT c mch in p th ngun in p phi c cp t cc TU tng ng. + Nhn vin trc ca vn hnh phi thng xuyn tm hiu cc ghi chp trong s nht k vn hnh v s theo di rle bo v nm bt cc hin tng bt thng, h hng ca trang b RT trong trm - Khi pht hin nhng hin tng bt thng, h hng, s lm vic khng ng hay khng lm vic ca trang b RT, nhn vin trc ca vn hnh phi: + Bo cho cc cp iu , B07 v cc h hng, bt thng ca trang b RT. + Bo cho Trm trng, Lnh o n v bit phn tch v ra bin php x l kp thi. + Tm mi bin php loi tr kh nng khi xut hin s c m RT tc ng sai hay khng tc ng. + Ghi vo s nht k vn hnh tt c cc hin tng bt thng, h hng hoc s lm vic khng ng hay khng lm vic ca trang b RT. + Lp bo co v hin tng bt thng, h hng hoc s lm vic khng ng hay khng lm vic ca trang b RT theo ng quy nh. - Trong ca trc, nhn vin vn hnh phi theo di s lm vic ng n ca mch ct v mch ng ca cc thit b theo cc tn hiu hin c. nh k kim tra, quan st tnh trng ca chng v sau mi ln ct v ng cc thit b (my ct, dao cch ly ). + Nu mch ct my ct khng lm vic (c th rle gim st mch ct F74 bo tn hiu ) gy nn tnh trng khng ct c my ct, dn n tnh trng nhy vt cp (do mch 50BF hoc do phi hp thi gian bo v v gy mt in trn din rng), v vy cn c bin php khi phc li s lm vic bnh thng ca mch ct. + Nu vic sa cha mch ct ca my ct ny phc tp th lp tc phi cho bo v d phng vo lm vic v phi c chnh nh theo phiu chnh nh ca cc cp iu . 3. Cng tc trn trang b h thng r le v t ng ho: - Ch c nhn vin trc ca vn hnh, nhn vin th nghim mi c php lm vic cc trang b RT ang vn hnh. - Nhn vin trc ca vn hnh ch c th tin hnh cng tc mch RT khi c lnh ca iu vin cp trn. - Cc nhn vin khc (nhn vin th nghim, sa cha ) khi cng tc mch RT phi c s cho php ca Gim c Cng ty Li in cao th min 14
- Trong phiu cng tc phi xt n cc bin php : + m bo ct hon ton i tng c bo v hoc thay th bo v c ct ra bng bo v khc tho mn yu cu v tin cy, nhanh, nhy v tnh chn lc. + Loi tr kh nng ct nhm cc phn t khc ang vn hnh. + m bo c v tr s v hng cn thit ca dng ph ti theo ch vn hnh ca li. + Trong cc trng hp nu trang b RT c ct ra tin hnh cng vic m dng bo v rle cc phn khc ca li lm d phng c kh nng khng t c tin cy, nhanh, nhy v chn lc th iu ny phi c ghi trong phiu cng tc. - Sau khi tin hnh thao tc theo lnh ca cc cp iu nhm c lp cc phn t trong phm vi cng tc, trc khi bn giao hin trng cng tc nhn vin vn hnh phi: + Kim tra phiu cng tc v xt k li c iu g nh hng n cng tc ghi trong phiu, v phng din thao tc c bin php an ton nh ghi trong phiu. + Ct ngun cp cho trang b RT v mch nh th m s tin hnh cng tc (nh cu dao, kha chuyn mch, cu ch, p t mt...). + Khi tin hnh cng tc cc thit b phn phi, ch lm vic phi c t ro chn, treo bin bo theo ng yu cu k thut an ton. + Khi tin hnh cng tc t iu khin hay t r le cn treo bin bo mt trc v mt sau ca t. + Hng dn nhn vin i cng tc cc v tr ly ngun (xoay chiu, mt chiu) phc v cng tc. Cm cc nhn vin th nghim ly ngun t cc mch xoay chiu v mt chiu ca cc trang b RT ang lm vic th nghim. - Sau khi kt thc cng vic, nhn vin th nghim phi bo cho trc ca vn hnh ghi vo s nht k cc cng vic lm, trang b RT sn sng a vo lm vic. - Sau khi xem xt cc ghi chp trong s nht k vn hnh, nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra cn thn li cc trang b RT tr li v tr c, khi cn ch : + Tnh trng cc hng kp v v tr cc cu ni. + Tnh trng lp rp ni chung, khng c u dy no b tho ra v s dng dy khng c cch in. + V tr cc con bi ca r le tn hiu, cc con ni, p t mt, kho chuyn mch .... 15
+ Cc n tn hiu tng ng vi ch lm vic. - Sau khi kim tra, nu thy cc trang b RT hot ng tt, trc ca vn hnh phi bo vi iu vin cp trn a trang b RT vo lm vic tr li. - Khi giao, nhn cc trang b RT, mch nh th c lp mi hoc sau khi ci to, nhn vin th nghim phi c trch nhim hng dn chi tit cho nhn vin trc ca vn hnh, ch dn c th ti ch v nhng thao tc v cch vn hnh. Nhn vin vn hnh phi ghi vo s v c trch nhim truyn t li cho ca sau. - Khng cho php a vo lm vic nhng trang b RT mi v sau khi ci to m cha hng dn cho nhn vin vn hnh bit. - Thit b RT sau khi sa cha, hiu chnh khng m bo cp chnh xc, hay thay i iu kin lm vic ca chng m cn thit phi a vo vn hnh phi c s cho php ca Gim c hoc Ph Gim c k thut Cng ty. 4. Thao tc RT khi ng in ng dy, thanh ci: - Cm ng th thit b (ng in xung kch, nghim thu thit b a vo vn hnh ln u hoc sau sa cha), ng dy, thanh ci ... m khng c trang b RT c chc nng tc ng nhanh. - ng th thit b, trc khi thao tc ng my ct, nhn vin vn hnh phi: + Kim tra nhng tn hiu hin c, chc chn rng MC ct tt. Kim tra mch bo v v iu khin lin quan my ct lm vic tt. + Chc chn rng a tt c cc bo v trong c c bo v tc ng nhanh ca thit b c th vo vn hnh. + MC dng ng th, tm thi kha mch t ng ng lp li nu MC c chc nng t ng lp li. - Khi s dng MC phn on ng th (xung kch) thit b, MBA nhn vin vn hnh phi kim tra tt c cc chc nng bo v chng cc dng ngn mch theo chnh nh dng tin hnh ng th. 5. Bin php x l khi my ct t ng ng hay ct: - Khi c hin tng t ng ct hay ng MC, nhn vin vn hnh phi: + Cn c vo tn hiu, xc nh v ghi chp c th MC no t ng ng, ct. Gii tr tn hiu v ghi vo nht k vn hnh. Vi nhng MC c chc nng t ng ng lp li (TL), trc ca vn hnh ch gii tr kha sau khi chc chn rng MC thc hin xong chu trnh ng lp li v tr v. + Xem xt cn thn v ghi chp nhng con bi r le tn hiu ri, gii tr tn hiu v bo cho cc cp iu . Nu bo v tc ng li v con bi li ri, trong trng hp ny phi bit c chnh xc s ln bo v tc ng v ct MC. + Sau khi x l s c hay cc hin tng khng bnh thng, nhn vin vn hnh phi bo co cho Trm trng v lnh o n v, B07 bit v s tc ng ca RT, v cc tn hiu xut hin v cc ni dung s c lin quan. 16
- Khi c hin tng dao ng in p, dng in v tn s trn li in nhng khng xy ra ct hay ng MC, nhn vin vn hnh phi xem xt cc bng RT v ghi li s lm vic ca r le tn hiu vo nht k vn hnh. PHN V: CNG TC QUN L VN HNH CC THIT B NHT TH TRONG TRM BIN P 110kV 1. Cc thit b nht th trong trm bin p 110kV phi c cc quy trnh QLVH v bo dng ring. Nhn vin QLVH phi hiu, nm bt v tun th cc quy trnh trnh QLVH v bo dng ny. Trong quy trnh ny ch quy nh cng tc kim tra nh k cc thit b nht th trong trm bin p 110kV. 2. Trong mt ca trc ca vn hnh, nhn vin trc ca (trc chnh v trc ph) t nht 1 gi kim tra bng mt tng th cc thit b trong trm bin p mt ln. Ni dung kim tra cc thit b nh ph lc 4 km theo. 3. i vi cc thit b (ng dy, MBA) vn hnh y ti (80% n 100% ti) phi tng cng cng tc kim tra t nht 30 pht mt ln. i vi cc thit b vn hnh qu ti phi thng xuyn kim tra t nht 15 pht mt ln. 4. t nht mt gi phi ly thng s vn hnh cc thit b mt ln. Thng xuyn theo di in p, dng in ca cc thit b, m bo khng vt qu gi tr cc i cho php lm vic ca cc thit b nht th v trang b RT. PHN VI: NHIM V CA LNH O CHI NHNH TRONG CNG TC QLVH TI CC TRM BIN P 1. Nhim v chung: - ra cc bin php t chc thc hin k hoch sn xut hng thng, qu, nm theo nhim v c Cng ty giao. - Theo di tnh hnh vn hnh hng ngy, cht lng vn hnh v kt qu th nghim nh k, t xut ca trang thit b ra cc bin php khc phc x l. - Theo di vic qun l, cp nht cc h s k thut ca cc trm, thng k bo co k thut hng tun, thng, qu, nm. - Theo di, gim st hoc c CBKT Chi nhnh phi hp trong cc t th nghim nh k, sa cha thit b, tham gia nghim thu thit b sau sa cha v x l s c cc thit b trm. - Gim st vic t chc thc hin cng tc khc phc s c cc trm nhanh chng bn giao thit b vo vn hnh trong thi gian ngn nht sau s c. Tm hiu nguyn nhn v ra cc bin php phng nga s c. Phi hp tham gia iu tra s c, tai nn lao ng theo phn cp. - Theo di cng tc sa cha nh k cc thit b ti cc trm. Kim tra, duyt cc phng n sa cha thit b theo ng quy nh hin hnh. 17
- Thng xuyn theo di v kim tra nhn vin vn hnh chp hnh k lut lao ng, k lut sn xut. - nh k hng qu hoc t xut tin hnh t chc kim tra cng tc QLKT, QLVH ch o gii quyt kp thi cc vn tn ti cc trm theo phn cp m bo vic vn hnh an ton, lin tc, khng xy ra cc s c ch quan. - Xy dng cng n tp bi dng ngh, kin thc chuyn mn, hng dn cng tc o to nng cao trnh cho nhn vin vn hnh. nh k t chc kim tra, xc hch cc quy phm, quy trnh vn hnh, quy trnh k thut an ton cho nhn vin vn hnh ca cc TBA. - Ban hnh phng n x l s c, PCCN cc TBA. T chc din tp cc phng n ban hnh theo qui nh v hp rt kinh nghim. - Bin son trnh Cng ty ban hnh k hoch bo h lao ng, phng n phng chng bo lt; phng chy, cha chy hng nm ti cc TBA. - Tng hp, bo co cng tc qun l k thut, qun l vn hnh hng tun, thng, qu, nm theo quy nh ca Cng ty. 2. Trch nhim ca Chi nhnh trong cng tc o to nhn vin tp s: - Lp cng, chng trnh o to v t chc hng dn, o to v kim tra cho nhn vin tp s nm bt c cc quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b trong trm; cc quy phm, quy trnh k thut, quy trnh vn hnh v quy trnh k thut an ton m bo trang b kin thc cho nhn vin tp s trong t thi st hch cng nhn chc danh. - Phn cng, b tr cng vic cho nhn vin tp s v tm hiu, thc tp thc t ti cc TBA theo chng trnh nh. - Giao nhim v cho cc trm trng o to v t chc hng dn, o to v kim tra cho nhn vin tp s nm bt c cc quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b trong trm. B tr ngi hng dn, km cp trong thi gian tp s. - Hng thng t chc kim tra st hch nhn vin tp s, kp thi nm bt trnh ca nhn vin tp s, cht lng ca cng tc o to; nhm chn chnh v ra chng trnh hng dn, o to ph hp; m bo trang b kin thc cho nhn vin tp s trong t thi st hch cng nhn chc danh. 3. Trch nhim ca Chi nhnh trong cng tc nghim thu ng in a cc thit b, cng trnh mi vo vn hnh: - Khi c thit b, cng trnh mi chun b nghim thu ng in a vo vn hnh cc Chi nhnh t chc bin son cc hng dn vn hnh, quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b (cha c Cng ty ban hnh) v trnh Cng ty ban hnh. - Phi hp vi Cng ty chun b nhn s QLVH cho cc cng trnh ny. - T chc o to v bi hun cho nhn vin vn hnh nm bt s ni in, s phng thc bo v rle; cc mch lin ng, bo v, t ng v iu khin cc thit b sau khi hon thnh cng trnh. Nm bt c cc thit b mi v quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b ny. Phi hp vi Cng ty t chc st hch li nhn vin vn hnh trc khi a cc thit b, cng trnh mi vo vn hnh. 18
- C ngi theo di, gim st trong qu trnh xy dng lp t nhm pht hin sm cc thiu st, tn ti trong giai on ny, c phn nh kp thi vi cc n v lin quan sm c bin php khc phc nhm a cng trnh vo vn hnh an ton, tin cy. - i vi cc cng trnh m rng, hon thin s TBA hin c nu cc mch nh th phn m rng, hon thin c lin quan n mch nh th hin ti ang vn hnh, trong giai on kho st lp bin bn hin trng cho n v cng tc vo lm vic: Chi nhnh phi yu cu n v thi cng cung cp bn v nh th ( c n v c thm quyn ph duyt) lin quan, phng n thi cng c n v thm quyn ph duyt. Kim tra s ph hp ca cc bn v nh th gia phn lp mi v bn v nh th ang vn hnh. Trng hp mch nh th mi v mch nh th c khng ph hp hoc khng r rng, thiu cc mch nh th lin kt gia phn c v mi phi yu cu n v t vn, thi cng b sung ngay trc khi k bin bn hin trng cho n v cng tc vo lm vic. Bo co v Cng ty c ch o phi hp cc bn x l m bo ng k ct in thi cng cng trnh ng k hoch. Trnh cc trng hp khi ct in thi cng mi pht hin cc sai st lm thi gian thi cng ko di, khng m bo thi gian ct in v tr li tr so vi k hoch. - Tham gia nghim thu ng in a thit b, cng trnh mi vo vn hnh. - T chc chun b sn xut a cng trnh mi vo vn hnh. 4. Trch nhim ca Chi nhnh trong vic khc phc v x l s c, hin tng bt thng: - Cc n v chu trch nhim x l s c, hin tng bt thng thuc phm vi li in ca n v mnh qun l (k c s c mch nh th). Khi c s c xy ra, n v QLVH phi nhanh chng p dng mi bin php cn thit khc phc s c sm a thit b vo vn hnh tr li. Trong qu trnh x l khc phc s c, nu c vng mc th lin lc ngay vi trc ban sn xut B07 hoc Lnh o Cng ty v Lnh o cc phng ban lin quan ch o phi hp x l. - Sau khi nm c thng tin s c, hin tng bt thng Lnh o chi nhnh phi ch o cc bn lin quan (Trng trm v cc cn b k thut) nhanh chng c mt ti hin trng trin khai khc phc s c, hin tng bt thng. Lnh o Chi nhnh phi n hin trng ch o khc phc x l s c. - Trng hp xy ra s c ln vt qu kh nng x l ca n v, Lnh o n v nhanh chng kim tra bo co v Trc ban sn xut v xin kin ch o x l s c ca Ph Gim c ph trch trc tip lnh vc ang c s c. Ni dung bo co gm: + Thit b s c. + Bin php khc phc x l s c. + Cc cng vic n v c th thc hin. + Cc cng vic cn h tr thc hin. + Cc kin ngh khc. 19
5. Trch nhim ca chi nhnh trong vic bin son quy trnh vn hnh v hng dn vn hnh cc thit b trm bin p: - Trong qu trnh QLVH nu pht hin cc s sch phc v cng tc QLVH, quy trnh hoc hng dn vn hnh cc thit b khng ph hp hoc thiu st so vi thc t vn hnh, Chi nhnh bo co gp v Cng ty xem xt sa i ph hp theo phn cp. - Sa i, bin son cc hng dn vn hnh, cc quy trnh vn hnh bo dng cc thit b ti TBA trnh Cng ty ban hnh theo phn cp. 6. Lnh o Chi nhnh cn c mt trong cc trng hp sau y: - Kim tra, sa cha khc phc cc hin tng bt thng, s c. - i tu, thay th cc thit b chnh nh MBA, MC, DCL, TU, TI, h thng rle bo v iu khin v o lng. - a cc thit b mi vo vn hnh. - Th nghim nh k cc thit b trong trm. - Cc trng hp s c (s c thit b, ha hon, bo lt), tai nn lao ng trong trm. PHN VII: CH THNG PHT TRONG CNG TC QLVH TI CC TRM BIN P 1. Trong qu trnh vn hnh nu xy ra s c, ty theo tnh cht, nguyn nhn v cp s c m n v QLVH b gim im thng thng v tr im thng qu vn hnh an ton theo quy nh sau y: 1.1. S c cp 1 nguyn nhn ch quan: 1.1.1 Tp th: - Trm bin p: Gim im thng thng t 0,2 n 0,2 v tr 25 n 50 im vn hnh an ton qu. - Chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng: 0,2 ct hoc gim thng qu v thng vn hnh an ton theo quy nh. 1.1.2 C nhn: - Lnh o chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng t 0,2 n 0,3. Tr 25 n 50 im vn hnh an ton qu - Trm trng: Gim im thng thng t 0,3 n 0,4. Tr 50 n 75 im vn hnh an ton qu. - C nhn trc tip lin quan: Gim im thng thng t 0,4 n 0,5. Tr 75 n im vn hnh an ton qu. 1.2. S c cp 1 nguyn nhn khch quan hoc s c cp 2 c nguyn nhn ch quan: 1.2.1 Tp th: 20
- Trm bin p: Gim im thng thng t 0,1 n 0,2 v tr 15 n 25 im vn hnh an ton qu. - Chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng: 0,05; ct thng qu v thng vn hnh an ton theo quy nh. 1.2.2 C nhn: - Lnh o chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng t 0,1 n 0,2. Tr 15 n 25 im vn hnh an ton qu - Trm trng: Gim im thng thng t 0,2 n 0,3. Tr 25 n 50 im vn hnh an ton qu. - C nhn trc tip lin quan: Gim im thng thng t 0,3 n 0,4. Tr 50 n 75 im vn hnh an ton qu. 1.3. S c cp 2 nguyn nhn khch quan hoc s c cp 3 c nguyn nhn ch quan: 1.3.1 Tp th: - Trm bin p: Gim im thng thng t 0,05 n 0,1 v tr 5 n 15 im vn hnh an ton qu. - Chi nhnh: Ct thng qu v thng vn hnh an ton theo quy nh. 1.3.2 C nhn: - Lnh o chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng t 0,05 n 0,1. Tr 5 n 15 im vn hnh an ton qu - Trm trng: Gim im thng thng t 0,1 n 0,2. Tr 15 n 25 im vn hnh an ton qu. - C nhn trc tip lin quan: Gim im thng thng t 0,2 n 0,3. Tr 25 n 50 im vn hnh an ton qu. 1.4. S c cp 3 nguyn nhn khch quan v cc hin tng bt thng: Lnh o chi nhnh quyt nh mc gim thng cc c nhn, n v lin quan v bo co Cng ty. 1.5. S c lin quan n tai nn lao ng: 1.5.1 Tp th: - Trm bin p: Gim im thng thng t 0,3 n 0,4 v tr 50 n 75 im vn hnh an ton qu. - Chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng: 0,2; ct thng qu v thng vn hnh an ton theo quy nh. 1.5.2 C nhn: - Lnh o chi nhnh: Gim im thng thng t 0,3 n 0,4. Tr 50 n 75 im vn hnh an ton qu. - Trm trng: Gim im thng thng t 0,4 n 0,5. Tr 75 n 100 im vn hnh an ton qu. 21
- C nhn trc tip lin quan: Gim im thng thng t 0,5 n 0,6. Tr 100 n 125 im vn hnh an ton qu. 2. Cc s c c nguyn nhn ch quan c xc nh nh sau: - S c c nguyn nhn do ch quan ca nhn vin vn hnh gy nn. - S c c nguyn nhn khch quan xy ra sau khi Cng ty, Tng cng ty c vn bn ch o khc phc hoc yu cu cc n v c bin php khc phc nhng n v khng trin khai hoc khng c bin php ngn nga xy ra s c. - S c xy ra c tnh cht lp i lp li do n v khng c bin php ngn nga, khc phc trit khi xy ra 1 ln. 3. Trong qu trnh kim tra k thut, k thut an ton bo h lao ng, k thut vn hnh, nu nhn thy cc n v lm tt cc vic ny; Lnh o n v quyt nh mc im thng cho cc n v.
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PH LC 1: YU CU CHUNG V TRNH BC TH NHN VIN QUN L VN HNH TRM BIN P 110KV 1. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 1/5 trc ph: 1.1. Hiu bit: Ngoi cc yu cu chung c quy nh ti mc 2.2 phn II ca quy trnh ny, NHVH bc 1/5 trc ph cn hiu bit thm: 1. Nm v hiu v l thuyt k thut in i cng, cc nh lut c bn v cc cng thc lin h gia cc i lng in. 2. Nm, lit k v nu c cc cng dng thc t tt c cc rle bo v trong trm nh bo v ng dy gm cc bo v no, bo v MBA gm cc bo v no ... tc ng ct MC no. 3. Bit s dng v bo qun cc trang b, ngh dng trong qun l vn hnh v sa cha trm. 4. V v nm c s nht th, s h thng in t dng xoay chiu, mt chiu ca trm. 5. Hiu c cc chc nng lm vic c bn ca h thng t dng AC/DC. 6. Nm c ton b cc thit b ph tr trong trm bin p, h thng chiu sng v cc loi ni t s dng trong trm bin p. 7. Nm c cc thng s ca cc thit b trong trm nh MBA, TU, TI ... 8. Bit c mt s lin ng thng s dng trong trm. 9. Nguyn tc nh s thit b trong trm bin p. 1.2. Lm c: 1. Bit cch c bn v nht th v nh th trm. 2. Bm u ct, u ni hng kp. 3. V sinh phn cch in cc thit b trong trm, x l tip xc ... 4. Bit ngha cc bin bo trong trm v trn Z cao, h p. 5. Bit s dng cc dng c, thit b dng cho cng tc qun l vn hnh trm: Mgam, ng h vn nng, ampekim .... 6. Bit cch kim tra Accu, b sung dung dch (nu c) cho cc bnh c qui, kim tra in p, dng in, cc thng s khc t cc ng h, hp b o lng, cng t o m... 7. Bit cch kim tra cc thng s chnh nh rle. 8. Lm c cc bin php an ton nh: Th in p, t v tho tip a di ng, lm ro chn, treo bin bo, gim st khi ct in tng phn trong trm khi cng tc.. 9. Bit s dng cc phng tin thng tin lin lc dng trong vn hnh. 10. Thao tc cc thit b trong trm. 11. V cc vn c lin quan khc. 2. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 2/5 trc ph hoc bc 1/5 trc chnh: 2.1. Hiu bit: Ngoi cc hiu bit nh yu cu hiu ca NVVH bc 1/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 23
1. Hiu r cng dng v nguyn l lm vic ca cc rle bo v dng cho trm bin p. 2. Nm v hiu r cng dng, cu to, nguyn l lm vic, cc thng s nh mc v cc trng thi lm vic ca cc thit b chnh trong trm. 3. Hiu r cc lin ng thao tc ca tng thit b s dng trong trm. 4. Hiu r tng mch ng, mch ct ca cc MC. Nm c tt c cc thnh phn tham gia vo mch ng, ct. 5. Bit c cc hin tng, nguyn nhn v cch x l s c khi cc loi bo v tc ng. 6. Nm c cc dng h hng, bt thng, s c thit b thng xy ra trong trm bin p. 7. Hiu v nm r cc chc nng lm vic ca h thng t dng AC/DC. 8. Hiu c nguyn l lm vic ca cc thit b gim st MBA, khng in nh ng h nhit du, cun dy v cc rle hi, rle dng du ... 9. Phn bit c cc loi bo v chng st c trang b trong trm bin p v nguyn l lm vic ca cc thit b ny. 10. Tc dng ca ni t, phn bit c cc dng ni t trong h thng in. 11. Hiu c hin tng h quang in, tc hi v phng php dp h quang. 12. Phn bit c dng s ni in trong h thng. u v khuyt im ca cc s trn. 13. Bit c cc t ting Anh chuyn mn thng dng nh tn cc thng s nh mc thit b, cc chc nng bo v ... 14. V mt cc vn c lin quan khc. 2.2. Lm c: Ngoi lm c cc yu cu ca NVVH bc 1/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. Bit kim tra thng mch, kim tra in p xoay chiu, mt chiu..... 2. Bit kim tra, d cc mch theo bn v nh th khc phc cc s c h hng thng hay xy ra trong trm. 3. S dng thnh tho cc dng c, thit b dng cho cng tc qun l vn hnh trm: Mgam, ng h vn nng, ampekim .... 4. Chnh nh c cc thng s ci t ca rle theo phiu chnh nh ca cc cp iu . 5. Ly, c c cc thng tin s c t relay bo v. 6. X l c cc s c ca h thng t dng mt chiu, xoay chiu. 7. Nm r cc thng tin v ch vn hnh bnh thng v s c bo co r rng, ngn gn vi cc cp c lin quan lin quan. 8. X l nhanh, chnh xc v ng Quy trnh tt c cc s c trong trm. 9. Giao din ly thng tin s c v cc gi tr ci t trong relay ra my tnh (nu c). 24
10. V cc vn c lin quan khc. 3. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 3/5 trc ph hoc bc 2/5 trc chnh: 3.1 Hiu bit: Ngoi cc hiu bit nh yu cu hiu ca NVVH bc 2/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. Hiu c cc cng thc tnh ton cc loi tn tht trong h thng in xoay chiu 3 pha nh: Tn tht in p, in nng v cng sut. 2. Hiu c cch tnh ton ci t cc thng s cho bo v rle ( cp, vng 1,2 ... thi gian tc ng, F79, F50BF...) 3. Hiu r cu to v nguyn l hot ng ca MBA v b iu p. 4. Hiu c nguyn l v cc chc nng lm vic ca h thng SCADA. 5. Phn bit r cc ch lm vic ca im trung tnh trong h thng in. 6. Hiu c tnh ton cho cc bo v chnh cn thit cho tng phn t trong h thng in. 7. Nm c s v tc dng ca cc loi b dng trn li nh b ngang, b dc. 8. Cc bin php iu chnh in p trong h thng in. 9. Nm vng cc t ting Anh chuyn mn. 10. V mt cc vn c lin quan khc. 3.2. Lm c: Ngoi lm c cc yu cu ca NVVH bc 2/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. c thnh tho cc bn v nht th v nh th. 2. Nhn bit v din t chnh xc bng li hoc ghi chp c nhng hin tng din bin trong qu trnh vn hnh tng thit b. 3. S dng thnh tho my vi tnh, v c bn v nh th bng phn mm AutoCAD. 4. Bit cch o in tr cch in ca cc thit b trong trm v nh gi kt qu ca php o. 5. V cc vn c lin quan khc . 4. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 4/5 trc ph hoc bc 3/5 trc chnh: 4.1 Hiu bit: Ngoi cc hiu bit nh yu cu hiu ca NVVH bc 3/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. Hiu r v cc phng php iu chnh tn s, in p, ha ng b. 2. Hiu r nguyn l lm vic ca cc chc nng t ng ha trong trm nh: t ng ng lp li, sa thi tn s ... 3. Nm r nguyn l lm vic, chu k bo dng, trung tu, i tu, ca cc thit b chnh trong trm. 4. Nm r cc hng mc cn th nghim nh k ca cc thit b chnh trong trm. 5. Nm, hiu r cc chc nng bo v relay trong h thng in c kt hp h thng thng tin. 6. iu kin v mc ch ca vic vn hnh song song cc MBA. 25
7. Hiu v phn tch c u, nhc im ca phng thc vn hnh ti trm. 8. V cc vn c lin quan khc. 4.2. Lm c: Ngoi lm c cc yu cu ca NVVH bc 3/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. c v phn tch thnh tho cc mch trn bn v nht th v nh th. 2. Phn tch c cc thng tin s c ly t rle. Phn on c nhng hin tng s c, din bin bt thng trong qu trnh vn hnh tng thit b nhm ngn chn s c. 3. Chnh nh thnh tho cc thng s rle. 4. X l c mt s h hng thng gp trong rle. 5. V cc vn c lin quan khc. 5. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 5/5 trc ph hoc bc 4/5 trc chnh: 5.1 Hiu bit: Ngoi cc hiu bit nh yu cu hiu ca NVVH bc 4/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. Bit c cc bin php gim tn tht in p, cng sut v tn tht in nng trong li in. 2. Hiu ngha ca cc hng mc cn th nghim nh k ca cc thit b chnh trong trm. 3. Hiu c s phi hp lm vic ca cc rle bo v ca tng phn t trong h thng in. 4. Thng k, phn tch v tm c cc c im ca cc s c trm. 5. Hiu cch tnh h thng ni t, h thng chng st nh thng ca trm. 6. V cc vn lin quan khc. 5.2. Lm c: Ngoi lm c cc yu cu ca NVVH bc 4/5 trc ph, cn b sung thm: 1. Lp c phng n t chc thi cng trung i tu hoc thay mi cc thit b trm. 2. Lp phng n sa cha hoc thay th cc thit b chnh ngoi tri. 3. Lp phng n PCCC ti trm. 4. T chc gim st cng tc xy lp v th nghim trong trm. 5. Phn tch thnh tho cc bng ghi thng tin s c, hin tng bt thng xc nh nguyn nhn s c v bin php ngn nga. 6. Ch huy 1 t hoc 1 nhm cng tc thc hin cng tc sa cha ln, sa cha thng xuyn ti trm ang vn hnh. 7. V cc vn c lin quan khc. 6. Yu cu i vi NVVH bc 5/5 trc chnh: 6.1 Hiu bit: Ngoi cc hiu bit nh yu cu hiu ca NVVH bc 4/5 trc chnh, cn b sung thm: 1. Hiu c cch tnh ton cc tr s chnh nh cho cc bo v rle dng trong trm. 26
2. Nm c cc hng mc cn th nghim nh k i vi mt s rle bo v v mch bo v chnh. 3. Tnh ton chn c cc thit b chnh trong trm bin p. 4. Lp c k hoch, d ton thi cng cc cng trnh nh: Sa cha ln, sa cha thng xuyn, chng qa ti, m rng trm... 5. Tham gia bin son gio trnh, quy trnh vn hnh thit b o to bi dng CNVH trm. 6. Vit chuyn v vn hnh, thit b trong trm. 7. V cc vn lin quan khc. 6.2. Lm c: Ngoi lm c cc yu cu ca NVVH bc 4/5 trc chnh, cn b sung thm: 1. Hiu r cch vn hnh v khai thc cc chc nng c trong rle. 2. Thit k, lp phng n v t chc thc hin cng vic thay th hoc sa cha cc thit b nh th v mch nh th trong trng hp ct in 1 phn. 3. M phng c s c trong trm, cc hin tng bt thng nhm mc ch o to v hng dn nhn vin trong trm. Lp phng n x l s c tng ng, t chc din tp cc phng n trn. 4. Bit cch nh gi tng qut xc nh c nhng khim khuyt, khng tin cy cc vn trong trm xut phng n gii quyt trit . 5. Thuyt minh, bo co cc chuyn v vn hnh, thit b trong trm trc hi ng. 6. V cc vn lin quan khc.
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PH LC 2: CHC NNG, NHIM V CA NHN VIN VN HNH 1. Chc nng nhim v chung ca nhn vin trc ca QLVH trm 110kV: 1.1. Nhn vin trc ca QLVH trm bin p (bao gm trc chnh v trc ph) l ngi thay mt lnh o n v trc tip theo di, kim tra thit b, thao tc v x l s c cc thit b trong ca trc ca mnh m bo thit b lun lm vic an ton v tin cy. Thc hin theo lnh ch huy iu cp trn (theo phn cp), thc hin cng tc ghi chp, bo co cho cc cp Lnh o v iu cc cp bit nhng thng tin cn thit, chnh xc trong ca trc ca mnh. 1.2. Nhn vin trc ca QLVH c nhim v thc hin mt cch nhanh chng, chnh xc ng Quy trnh, tt c mnh lnh ca iu cp trn, tr trng hp c e do n tnh mng con ngi hoc an ton thit b th cho php khng thc hin, phi kim tra li v kin ngh vi ngi ra lnh. 1.3. Nhn vin trc ca QLVH ti TBA 110kV lm vic theo ch ca, kp theo lch phn ca c Trng Trm duyt. - Thi gian trc ca ca mi ca c tnh t khi k nhn ca ca ca trc n khi trc ca tip theo k nhn ca. Thi gian ca mt ca trc khng c qu 12h. - Mi ca trc phi c hai ngi tr ln. - Lch i ca phi c treo v tr d quan st trong phng iu khin trung tm ca trm. - Khi c s thay i ca gia cc nhn vin trc ca QLVH, phi c s ng ca Trng Trm v phi bo cho ngi lin quan t nht trc 24 gi. Ngi thay th phi c cng chc danh vi ngi c thay th. 1.4. Trong thi gian trc ca, nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi: - Thc hin so v chnh gi thng nht vi cc cp iu . - Nu r tn v chc danh ca cc cp iu lin quan (KSH A3, B07 v iu in Lc). - Ghi chp y cc din bin trong ca trc, cc mnh lnh thao tc trong qu trnh vn hnh hoc x l s c ... vo s nht k vn hnh theo trnh t thi gian. - Khi xy ra tnh trng vn hnh khng bnh thng hoc s c trong ca trc ca mnh, nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi bo ngay vi cc cp iu A3, B07, iu in Lc (nu thit b thuc phm vi iu khin ca in Lc), Lnh o cc cp v Trng trm v thc hin ng cc iu quy nh trong quy trnh x l s c ti trm do Trung tm iu HT Min Trung ban hnh; quy trnh iu tra, phi hp x l s c v hin tng bt thng trn li in 110kV do Cng ty Li in cao th min Trung. Sau khi x l xong s c hoc hin tng bt thng, nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi ghi chp y , kp thi, chnh xc tnh hnh din bin; trnh t x l cng nh nguyn nhn v hu qu ca s c cho cc cp iu (A3, B07, iu in Lc), Lnh o n v v Trng trm. - Nhng mnh lnh ca Gim c, ph Gim c k thut hoc Trng phng K thut, Trc ban SX B07, Trng Trm c lin quan n cng tc vn 28
hnh th nhn vin trc ca QLVH ch thc hin mnh lnh khi c s ng ca iu cp trn theo phn cp. 1.5. Cc quy nh i vi nhn vin trc ca QLVH. - Mt ngi khng trc hai ca lin tc. Khng c ung ru, bia, trc v trong khi trc ca. - Khng c t t b nhim v trc ca hoc ht gi trc ca nhng cha c ngi n nhn ca. - Nu qu gi giao ca 30 pht m cha c ngi n nhn ca, nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi bo co ngay cho Trng Trm b tr ngi khc cng chc danh thay th. Cm khng c t b ca khi cha c ngi n nhn ca. - Phi lun c mt ti phng iu khin (tr trng hp ang thao tc, x l s c, kim tra thit b trong trm). - Khng cho ngi khng c nhim v vo v tr vn hnh khi cha c php ca Lnh o n v, Trng trm. - Khi c on kim tra ca cp trn n trm, trc ca c nhim v bo co tnh hnh cng vic, cung cp cc thng tin, vn m on kim tra yu cu. - Trong gi trc ca nghim cm lm nhng cng vic ngoi nhim v trc ca hoc nhim v do trng trm giao. 1.6. Th tc nhn ca: - Nhn vin trc ca QLVH cn c mt trc lc nhn ca t nht 15 pht lm cc th tc giao nhn ca. - Trc khi nhn ca nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi tm hiu: + Phng thc vn hnh ca trm. + S ni dy ca trm vn hnh, lu nhng thay i so vi kt dy c bn. + Tn hiu, kim tra tnh trng vn hnh ca cc thit b trong trm (ni dung nh ph lc 4). Cc hin tng bt thng hoc nhng thit b cn lu trong vn hnh. + Nhng ghi chp trong s nht k vn hnh.. + Nhng thao tc a thit b ra khi vn hnh v a vo vn hnh, a vo d phng theo k hoch s c thc hin trong ca. + Yu cu ngi giao ca gii thch nhng vn cha r v s , thit b, phiu thao tc m ca vn hnh thc hin, cha thc hin v nhng iu c bit ch . + Phiu cng tc v tnh hnh cng vic ang tin hnh trong trm. + Kim tra hot ng ca h thng SCADA /EMS/DMS v thng tin lin lc. - K tn vo s nht k vn hnh nhn ca. 1.7. Th tc giao ca: Nhn vin trc ca QLVH trc khi giao ca phi: - Hon thnh cc cng vic: Ghi chp s nht k vn hnh v cc s khc v s vn hnh, tnh trng vn hnh ca cc thit b, tnh hnh cc t cng tc ang lm vic v v sinh cng nghip trm. 29
- Truyn t chnh xc v y cho ngi nhn ca: S vn hnh hin ti, tnh trng vn hnh cc thit b, tnh hnh s c, bt thng xy ra trong ca, vn cn lu , thng bo, mnh lnh, ch th c lin quan n cng tc trc ca vn hnh trong ca mnh. - Gii thch thc mc ca ngi nhn ca v nhng vn h cha r. - Hon thnh cng tc v sinh cng nghip trc khi giao ca. - K tn vo s nht k vn hnh giao ca sau khi ngi nhn ca k. 1.8. Cc vn cn lu trong qu trnh giao nhn ca: 1.8.1 Nghim cm trc ca QLVH tin hnh giao, nhn ca trong cc trng hp sau: - ang thao tc d dang cc thit b trong trm. - Cha thng bo y tnh hnh vn hnh cho ngi nhn ca. - Giao, nhn ca khi c y l do xc nh ngi nhn ca khng tnh to do ung ru, bia, s dng cc cht kch thch khc b nghim cm. - Khi ang c s c hoc ang ho hon cc thit b trong trm. - Khng nhn vin n nhn ca. 1.8.2. Th tc giao, nhn ca c thc hin xong khi ngi nhn ca v giao ca u k tn vo s nht k vn hnh. Nhn vin trc ca QLVH sau khi nhn ca c trch nhim thc hin nhng nhim v trong ca trc ca mnh. 1.8.3. Sau khi nhn ca, nhn vin trc ca QLVH phi bo co vi cc cp iu (theo phn cp) nhng vn sau: 1. Tn ca cc nhn vin trc ca QLVH chnh, ph. 2. S kt dy ca trm, cc thit b ct, ng. in p cc thanh ci, ng dy 3. Tnh trng vn hnh ca MBA lc v thit b chnh trong trm: Tnh trng ca MBA, nc phn p, cng sut hoc dng in cc cun dy, nhit du, nhit cun dy, cc cnh bo 4. Tnh trng vn hnh bt thng v tnh hnh thng tin lin lc; 5. Ghi vo s nht k vn hnh: H v tn ca KSH A3, Trc ban sn xut B07, iu in Lc. 6. So chnh gi. 7. Nhng kin ngh v vn hnh thit b i vi cc cp iu . 2. Chc nng, nhim v ca trc chnh trm bin p: Ngoi cc nhim v chung ca nhn vin trc ca QLVH nu trn, trc chnh chu trch nhim c th sau: 2.1. Trc chnh l ngi chu trch nhim chnh trong ca trc, chu trch nhim i vi mi thit b ca trm. Trong thi gian trc ca, trc chnh chu trch nhim phn cng iu ng mi cng vic trong ca v phi chu trch nhim v mi hnh vi vi phm quy trnh, quy phm; vi phm k lut lao ng v vi phm chnh sch php lut ca nhn vin vn hnh v nhn vin bo v (nu c) ca ca ang lm vic. Trc chnh l ngi trc tip ch huy thao tc vn hnh, x l s c theo mnh lnh thao tc ca cc cp iu cp trn v theo ng quy trnh vn hnh, quy trnh x l s c trm. Gim st mi thao tc, x l ca trc ph theo phn cp, theo Quy trnh. Trc chnh phi c bc an ton thp nht l bc 4. 30
2.2. Nhim v ca trc chnh: - Thng xuyn theo di v kim tra thit b thuc quyn qun l ca trm trong ca trc ca mnh, m bo vic vn hnh an ton, lin tc, khng xy ra cc s c ch quan, x l cc s c kp thi v ng quy trnh. - Nm vng s , thng s k thut, ch vn hnh ca thit b trong trm. - Chu trch nhim c th v thc hin ch phiu thao tc v giao nhn thit b: Trc tip nghe, nhn lnh thao tc, sau kim tra li ni dung thao tc trn s nu cha hiu r phi hi li ngi ra lnh. - Ph bin ni dung trong phiu thao tc, lnh thao tc cho trc ph v gii thch ni dung cho trc ph r. Sau c trc chnh v trc ph cng k vo phiu thao tc cng thc hin. - n hin trng thao tc, trc chnh v trc ph i chiu ni dung phiu thao tc, lnh thao tc vi thc t thit b xem c thng nht v cn c tr ngi g cho vic thao tc khng. Sau trc chnh ra lnh cho trc ph chun b thao tc. - Trong qu trnh thao tc trc chnh c tng lnh thao tc mt nh ghi trong phiu thao tc, s ghi lnh thao tc cho trc ph, sau trc ph nhc li lnh, nu ng mi c php thao tc. Thc hin xong ng tc no trc chnh phi nh du vo lnh thao tc . Phi m bo iu kin an ton v gim st thao tc. - Trong khi thao tc, nu thy nghi ng g v ng tc va lm th phi ngng ngay cng vic kim tra li ton b ri mi tip tc tin hnh. - Nu thao tc sai hoc gy s c th trc chnh phi cho ngng ngay thao tc v bo co cho iu vin cp trn ra lnh bit. Vic thc hin tip thao tc phi c tin hnh theo mnh lnh mi. Trong mi trng hp c hai ngi gim st v trc tip thao tc phi chu trch nhim nh nhau v vic thc hin cc thao tc m h tin hnh. - Nhim v thao tc c coi l hon thnh khi thc hin xong trnh t cc thao tc, trc chnh c nhim v bo co kt qu thao tc cho ngi ra lnh (A3, B07, iu in lc ) v c ngi ra lnh chp nhn. 2.2. Trc chnh l ngi trc tip theo di thit b sau: - Tt c cc thit b chnh trong trm nh: Cc MBA lc, MC, DCL, TU, TI... trong trm. - Cc trang b iu khin, bo v rle, thng tin lin lc v t ng ha trong trm. - L ngi trc tip qun l v ghi chp s sch vn hnh sau: - S nht k vn hnh. - S ghi lnh thao tc, phiu thao tc. - S theo di thit b r le bo v. - S theo di vn hnh cc thit b chnh (MBA, MC, DCL,...). 2.3. Khi xy ra s c hoc c hin tng khng bnh thng: a. Trc chnh phi nhanh chng: 31
- Nm c hin tng, s hot ng ca cc thit b, bo v rle t ng v trng thi cc my ct, cc thit b lin quan .., din bin s c; - Ch huy x l s c theo ng cc iu quy nh trong quy trnh vn hnh v quy trnh x l s c ca trm v theo lnh ca cc cp iu lin quan. - Nm v tng hp bo co nhng thng tin cn thit cho iu cp trn (theo phn cp), B07, Lnh o n v v Trng trm bit. Lu : Trng hp s c khn cp hoc c nguy c e do n tnh mng con ngi v an ton thit b cho php tin hnh thao tc x l s c theo quy trnh m khng phi xin php nhn vin trc ca cp trn v phi chu trch nhim v thao tc x l s c ca mnh. Sau khi x l xong phi bo co ngay cho nhn vin trc ca cp trn c quyn iu khin cc thit b ny. b. Sau khi x l xong s c trc chnh phi: - Ghi s nht k vn hnh din bin v trnh t x l s c. - Cng vi trc ph v cc nhn vin c lin quan khc (nu c) lp bo co s c trong phi nu r rng, trung thc, chnh xc cc ni dung sau y v gi bo co c Lnh o n v, trc ban sn xut Cng ty (B07) trc khi giao ca ra v: + Ngy gi xy ra hin tng khng bnh thng, s c; + Ni xy ra cc hin tng trn; + M t qu trnh din bin, pht trin ca hin tng bt thng hoc s c; + Tnh hnh lm vic ca thit b bo v rle, in t dng v.v ..., iu khin, tn hiu, h thng; + Qu trnh x l; + Tnh hnh h hng ca thit b; + Nguyn nhn gy ra s c; + H tn v chc danh ngi gy ra hin tng trn (nu c); + Cc kin ngh. - Tham gia on iu tra s c lin quan. 2.4. Khi c n v cng tc vo trm lm vic, trc chnh c nhim v: - Kim tra xem xt ni dung v tnh hp l ca phiu cng tc ca cc n v cng tc. Kim tra s lng v bc an ton ca nhn vin n v cng tc nh ghi trong phiu; - Vit v b sung bin php an ton cn thit vo phiu cng tc; - Ch huy thc hin cc bin php m bo an ton (t tip a c nh hoc lu ng, t bin bo, ro chn, ct ngun iu khin ti cc thit b ng ct lin quan ...) trc khi tin hnh bn giao hin trng cho n v cng tc ng thi phi thc hin nhng vic sau: + Ch cho ton n v cng tc thy ni lm vic, cc phn c cch in v ni t. Dng bt th in chng minh l khng cn in khu vc lm vic ca cc n v cng tc. 32
+ Ch dn cho ton n v cng tc bit nhng phn cn mang in xung quanh ni lm vic, cc bin php an ton b sung trong qu trnh cng tc. - Bn giao hin trng cho n v cng tc. - Thng xuyn theo di, kim tra v nhc nh n v cng tc v mt an ton ... - Khi kt thc ton b cng vic, trc chnh phi tin hnh: + Kim tra hin trng; kim tra vic thu dn, v sinh ch lm vic. + Nghim thu cht lng ton b cng vic m n v cng tc thc hin. + Ra lnh i cng tc rt lui khi hin trng. Kim tra khng cn ngi ti ni cng tc, tho ht tip a v cc bin php an ton do n v cng tc lm b sung. + Thu hi v kha phiu cng tc. + Tin hnh cng tc bn giao thit b li cho B07, cc cp iu cp trn (nu c) cho php ng in li cho thit b v thc hin thao tc theo lnh ca cc cp iu cp trn. - Ghi cc s sch cn thit. 2.5. Tham gia, thc hin cng tc sa cha, bo dng, th nghim thit b theo s phn cng ca trng trm khi cn thit. 3. Chc nng, nhim v ca trc ph: Ngoi cc nhim v chung ca nhn vin trc ca QLVH nu trn, trc ph chu trch nhim c th sau: 3.1. Nhim v ca trc ph: - Trong thi gian i ca trc ph chp hnh s phn cng iu hnh ca trc chnh v cng trc chnh chu trch nhim theo phm vi trch nhim ca mnh m bo qun l vn hnh v bo v ton b thit b ca trm; - Thng xuyn theo di v kim tra thit b trm trong ca trc ca mnh, m bo thit b vn hnh an ton, lin tc khng xy ra cc s c ch quan, tham gia cng trc chnh x l kp thi cc hin tng bt thng hoc s c; - Nm vng s , thng s k thut, tnh hnh rle bo v v ch vn hnh ca thit b trong trm; - Trc ph l ngi trc tip thao tc cc thit b trong trm theo lnh thao tc ca trc chnh v di s gim st trc tip ca trc chnh; Trc tip thc hin cc bin php an ton cho cc i cng tc vo lm vic; - Ghi chp nh k cc thng s vn hnh v v sinh cng nghip trc khi giao ca.; - Trc ph phi c bc an ton thp nht l bc 3; 3.2. Khi thao tc cc thit b trong trm trc ph phi lm nhim v ngi thao tc di s gim st v ch huy ca trc chnh, c th l:
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- Phi s dng y cc trang b an ton, bo h lao ng, dng c cn thit cho vic thao tc theo ng quy nh trong quy trnh k thut an ton in nh: gng tay, ng cch in, m, qun o bo h v dng c thao tc ... - Phi ch nghe trc chnh ph bin v nm vng mc ch, ni dung v trnh t thao tc cc thit b theo yu cu ca lnh thao tc, phiu thao tc. Nu nghi ng phi yu cu trc chnh gii thch r trc khi thc hin. Sau cng trc chnh k vo phiu thao tc cng thc hin. - Khi n hin trng thao tc trc ph phi hp cng trc chnh kim tra xc nh chnh xc thit b cn thao tc theo ng yu cu ca lnh thao tc, phiu thao tc. Kim tra tnh hnh thc t thit b xem c tr ngi g trong vic thao tc khng, nu khng tr ngi g th ngh trc chnh ra lnh thao tc. - Khi thao tc trc chnh c lnh, trc ph phi nhc li lnh, nu trc chnh ng mi c thao tc. - Vic thao tc thit b phi dt khot, nu thy vic thao tc sai Quy trnh hoc c nguy c e da n tnh mng con ngi v thit b th c quyn t chi thao tc vi trc chnh. Trng hp cn thit c quyn bo co vi Trng tram, cc cp lnh o cp trn, A3, B07, iu in Lc v phi chu trch nhim v vic t chi thao tc ca mnh. - Nghim v thao tc ch xem l hon thnh sau khi thc hin xong ton b ni dung phiu thao tc, lnh thao tc v trc chnh bo co xong vi ngi ra lnh. 3.3. Trc ph chu trch nhim theo di vn hnh cc thit b sau: - H thng in t dng ton trm. - Cc ng h o m. - H thng t sc, np c quy ca trm. - Thit b PCCC, cc dng c thit b thao tc, sa cha. - Ngoi ra, trc ph cn chu trch nhim theo di vn hnh cc thit b khc trong trm c phn cng. 3.4. Trc ph l ngi trc tip qun l v ghi chp s sch vn hnh sau: - S ghi thng s vn hnh. - S theo di vn hnh h thng c quy, t sc. - S ghi ch s cng t, sn lng nhn, giao ca trm. 3.5. Khi c hin tng khng bnh thng hoc s c: - Trc ph phi nhanh chng cng trc chnh kim tra nm hin tng, s hot ng ca cc thit b, tn hiu bo v rle t ng, my ct v din bin ca hien tng bt thng, s c; - Khn trng chp hnh s ch huy x l s c, hin tng bt thng ca trc chnh; - Khi x l xong s c, hin tng bt thng tch cc tham gia cng trc chnh: 34
+ Ghi s nht k vn hnh. + Lp bo co v hin tng bt thng v s c. - Tham gia cc on iu tra s c. 3.6. Khi c n v bn ngoi vo trm cng tc, trc ph c nhim v: - Thc hin cc bin php cn thit m bo an ton trc khi tin hnh bn giao hin trng cho n v cng tc ng thi phi thc hin nhng vic sau: + Ch cho ton n v cng tc thy ni lm vic, chng minh l khng cn in cc phn c cch in v ni t. + Ch dn cho ton n v cng tc bit nhng phn cn mang in xung quanh ni lm vic, cc bin php an ton b sung trong qu trnh cng tc. - Cng vi trc chnh thc hin cng tc bn giao hin trng cho n v cng tc. - Khi kt thc ton b cng vic, trc ph phi hp vi trc chnh tin hnh: + Kim tra vic thu dn, v sinh ch lm vic. + Nghim thu cht lng ton b cng vic m n v cng tc thc hin. + Kim tra khng cn ngi ti ni cng tc, tho ht tip a v cc bin php an ton do n v cng tc lm b sung. 4. Chc nng nhim v ca trm trng trm bin p: 4.1. Trng Trm l ngi lnh o trc tip ti trm bin p. Trng trm chu trch nhim qun l con ngi v qun l vn hnh ton b mi thit b, mi cng trnh v mi mt hot ng ca trm trc lnh o n v v Gim c Cng ty. Tt c nhn vin vn hnh trm bin p u phi chp hnh v chu s lnh o trc tip ca trm trng. 4.2. Nhim v ca Trng Trm trong cng tc QLVH: - ra v t chc thc hin k hoch sn xut hng thng, qu, nm theo nhim v c Cng ty giao. - Theo di tnh hnh vn hnh hng ngy, cht lng vn hnh v kt qu th nghim nh k, t xut ca trang thit b trong trm xut v thc hin cc bin php nhm khc phc cc tn ti v khim khuyt pht sinh trong qu trnh vn hnh hoc sau th nghim nh k. - Qun l, cp nht cc h s k thut ca trm, thng k bo co k thut hng tun, thng, qu, nm. - Hng nm lp k hoch bo h lao ng; phng n phng chng bo lt; phng n phng chy, cha chy; phng n din tp x l s c ca trm. T chc din tp x l s c, phng chng bo lt theo phng n c duyt. - Theo di, gim st vic th nghim nh k, sa cha thit b, tham gia nghim thu thit b sau sa cha v tham gia x l s c cc thit b trm. - T chc thc hin cng tc khc phc s c trong trm, nhanh chng bn giao thit b sau sa cha s c vo vn hnh trong thi gian ngn nht. Ch ng 35
phn tch, tm nguyn nhn v ra cc bin php phng nga s c. Phi hp, tham gia iu tra s c, tai nn lao ng theo phn cp. - Qun l cng tc sa cha nh k cc thit b trong trm. Lp lch theo di, ng k, phng n sa cha thit b theo ng quy nh hin hnh. Thc hin cng tc sa cha thit b theo lch, phng n c duyt m bo cht lng, ng tin . - Thng xuyn theo di v kim tra nhn vin trc ca QLVH chp hnh k lut lao ng, k lut sn xut. - nh k t chc v sinh cng nghip v kim tra thit b trong trm, kp thi x l cc tn ti pht sinh trong vn hnh, m bo vic vn hnh an ton, lin tc, khng xy ra cc s c ch quan. - Lp v duyt lch lm vic theo ch ca, kp ca nhn vin trc ca QLVH. Lch trc x l s c cc ngy l, tt; lch trc tng cng. - T chc bi dng kin thc chuyn mn, o to nng cao trnh cho nhn vin trc ca QLVH. Kim tra cc quy phm, quy trnh vn hnh, quy trnh k thut an ton m bo trang b kin thc cho nhn vin trc ca trong cc t kim tra nh k ca n v, hoc Cng ty t chc. - nh k ngy, tun phi kim tra nht k vn hnh, thit b thuc quyn qun l trong trm, m bo thit b vn hnh an ton, lin tc, kp thi x l cc tn ti trong vn hnh, khng xy ra cc x c ch quan. - Hng tun t nht 01 ln kim tra vic ghi chp s sch ca cc ca trc, c kin ch o v k theo di vo s nht k vn hnh. - Tng hp, bo co cng tc qun l k thut, qun l vn hnh hng thng, qu, nm ca trm theo quy nh ca Cng ty. - Cc cng tc t xut khc theo phn cng ca Lnh o n v. 4.3. Khi c s thay i v phiu chnh nh rle, Trng trm c trch nhim kim tra li phiu chnh nh rle, kim tra nhn vin trc ca vn hnh ci t ng cc tr s trong phiu chnh nh rle c ng khng. Kim tra phi hp chnh nh trong phiu rle m bo h thng bo v rle lm vic chnh xc v tin cy. 4.4. Khi c n v ngoi vo cng tc trong trm, Trng Trm kim tra phiu cng tc, phn cng cn b gim st (khi n v cng tc khng c cn b gim st) v t chc kim tra nghim thu sau khi kt thc cng vic. 4.5. i vi nhng ngi vo trm tham quan, thc tp: Trm trng phi hng dn v b tr cng vic cho ngi thc tp theo chng trnh nh; b tr ngi hng dn, km cp nu cn thit. Nhng ngi vo trm ln u tin phi c hng dn chi tit. 4.6. i vi nhn vin tp s: Trm trng phi: - T chc hng dn, o to v kim tra cho nhn vin tp s nm bt c cc quy trnh vn hnh cc thit b trong trm; cc quy phm, quy trnh k thut, quy trnh vn hnh v quy trnh k thut an ton m bo trang b kin thc cho nhn vin tp s trong t thi st hch cng nhn chc danh. - B tr cng vic cho nhn vin tp s theo chng trnh nh; b tr ngi hng dn, km cp trong thi gian tp s 4.7. Trng Trm phi c mt trong cc trng hp sau y: 36
- Kim tra, sa cha khc phc tn ti trong qu trnh vn hnh. - i tu, thay th cc thit b chnh nh MBA, MC, DCL, TU, TI, h thng rle bo v iu khin v o lng, h thng thng tin lin lc trong trm - a cc thit b mi vo vn hnh. - Th nghim nh k cc thit b trong trm. - Cc trng hp s c (s c thit b, ha hon, bo lt), tai nn lao ng trong trm. Trng hp vng mt phi c kin ca Lnh o n v.
37
PH LC 3 : HNG DN VN HNH V X L S C H THNG IN T DNG TRM BIN P 1. Vn hnh v x l s c h thng in t dng xoay chiu AC : 1.1. Cc hin tng khi mt h thng t dng xoay chiu: - C tn hiu ci (hoc chung). - Bng bo Mt ngun t dng xoay chiu ti knh cnh bo tn hiu sng. - n chiu sng s c sng. - ng h Vnmet ti t t dng xoay chiu ch th 0 VAC. 1.2. Cc nguyn nhn thng gp lm mt ngun xoay chiu : - S c trn li in gy mt in ton trm. - S c MBA t dng hoc t phn phi 22kV cp ngun cho MBA t dng. - S c cp lc 22kV hoc cp lc 0,4kV cp ngun xoay chiu. - S c cc thit b khc trong TBA gy mt ngun t dng xoay chiu. - S c ni b t t dng xoay chiu 220/380V AC. - Nhy my ct, ptmt, cng tc t cp ngun cho t t dng xoay chiu 220/380V AC. - C lp trm hoc mt phn thit b trm cng tc lm mt ngun t dng xoay chiu. 1.3. Nguyn tc chung v x l s c khi mt ngun t dng xoay chiu: - Khi pht hin s c mt ngun t dng xoay chiu, nhn vin vn hnh trm nhanh chng kim tra xc nh nguyn nhn mt ngun t dng xoay chiu. Bo co vi cc cp iu lin quan, trc ban sn xut X nghip (B07), trm trng, Lnh o n v. - NVVH trm nhanh chng bo iu in lc xin chuyn sang dng ngun t dng xoay chiu khc (nu c). - Nhanh chng x l s c v tm mi bin php khi phc li ngun t dng xoay chiu. - Trong thi gian cha khi phc c ngun t dng xoay chiu NVVH trm thng xuyn theo di thng s vn hnh ca h thng c quy, in p trn thanh ci ngun t dng mt chiu. Gim mt s ph ti in mt chiu khng cn thit nh chiu sng s c, ngun mt chiu cp cho h thng iu khin bo v ca cc thit b ang b c lp khng vn hnh. Trng hp in p h thng mt chiu gim xung gn 80% Um (180VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 220VDC hoc 90VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 110VDC), NVVH trm bo ngay vi cc cp iu v trc ban sn xut X nghip B07 xin ngng vn hnh v c lp TBA. 38
- Thng xuyn theo di ti MBA (do MBA vn hnh ch khng c qut mt ONAN), bo co vi iu in lc xin gim ti khi ph ti t n ch vn hnh ONAN ca MBA. - Tu theo tng nguyn nhn s c gy mt in h thng t dng xoay chiu, nhn vin vn hnh phi hp vi trng trm x l s c theo ng quy trnh. - Nu ngun t dng b s c (s c MBA t dng,..) hoc thi gian x l khc phc ko di c th xem xt n phng n cp li ngun t dng xoay chiu t li a phng, dng my pht in ... 2. Vn hnh v x l s c h thng t dng mt chiu DC : 2.1. S c chm t ngun t dng mt chiu : 2.1.1 Hin tng chm t ngun t dng mt chiu: - C tn hiu ci (hoc chung). - Bng bo Chm t ngun mt chiu ti knh cnh bo tn hiu tng ng t phn phi mt chiu DC sng. - Ti t chnh lu AC/DC bo n LED s c chm t ngun mt chiu. Lu : Ti mt s t chnh lu AC/DC c tn hiu n LED s c chm t ngun mt chiu dng ngun hoc m ngun, c th nh sau : POWER ON: Vn hnh bnh thng; EARTH FAULT: - POSITIVE (Chm t cc dng); - NEGATIVE (Chm t cc m); HIGH IMPEDANGE (in tr khng ln); OVER VOLTAGE (Qu in p); UNDER VOLTAGE (in p thp). 2.1.2. Nguyn tc chung x l s c chm t ngun t dng mt chiu: 2.1.2.1. Khi pht hin s c chm t ngun t dng mt chiu, NVVH trm nhanh chng kim tra xc nh nguyn nhn gy chm t ngun t dng mt chiu, bo co vi cc cp iu lin quan, B07, trm trng. NVVH trm tin hnh x l nh sau: 2.1.2.2. Xc nh chm t dng ngun hay chm t m ngun phn on dn im chm t. Cch xc nh chm t m ngun, dng ngun c th s dng cc cch sau : a. Chm t dng ngun : Tu theo thc t ti cc trm c th s dng cc cch kim tra sau: -. Chuyn kho kim tra in p v pha kim tra in p dng ti t t dng mt chiu. Nu ng h k thut s kim tra trc tip bng cch n nt kim tra cc thng s khi kt qu in p dng ngun c gi tr nh sau: in p dng so vi t nh hn 110VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt 39
chiu l 220VDC hoc 55VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 110VDC. - Dng ng h vn nng (c hoc s) hin c ti trm (chuyn thang o thch hp) o ti thanh ci mt chiu hoc bt k v tr no c qui nh dng ngun. Cch o dng 01 que o kim tra ti im cn o vi 01 que o vi t (thng ly im o ti v t ). b. Chm t m ngun : Cch thc hin o nh chm t dng ngun. Nu o que o th gi tr in p c kt qu nh hin tng chm t dng ngun. Nu khng o que o gi tr in p ngc chiu vi chm t dng ngun kt qu in p m so vi t nh hn -110VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 220VDC hoc nh hn -55VDC i vi in p nh mc h thng in mt chiu l 110VDC). + + 220 VDC 110 VDC -
Hnh 1 : Tnh trng lm vic bnh thng vi cc cp in p 220VDC, 110VDC. + <110 VDC <110 VDC +
Chm t(+) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC -
Chm t (-) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC
Chm t (+) hon ton.
Chm t (-) hon ton.
Hnh 2 : Cc trng hp lm vic khng bnh thng, s c chm t vi cc cp in p 220VDC.
40
+ <55 VDC -
+ <55 VDC
Chm t(+) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC -
Chm t (-) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC
Chm t (+) hon ton.
Chm t (-) hon ton.
Hnh 3 : Cc trng hp lm vic khng bnh thng, s c chm t vi cc cp in p 110VDC. 2.1.2.3. Phn on tm im chm t : - Chuyn i t np kim tra c chm t t ti t np hay khng. Lu phi ct c hai aptmat u vo v u ra ca t np trc khi kim tra. - Nu chuyn i t np vn khng ht chm t tip tc ct aptomat u ni ngun cquy kim tra c chm t cquy hay khng. - Thc hin hai bc trn vn khng xc nh c im chm t tip tc ct ra kim tra v ng li ngay cc aptomat cp ngun theo th t : ct cc aptomat cp cho cc ph ti km quan trng (ngun cp cho cc t truyn ng dao cch ly, dao tip t, chiu sng s c, c cu ch th ...) trc, ct cc aptomat cp ngun cho cc ph ti quan trng (cp ngun iu khin thao tc my ct, ngun bo v ...) sau. Ct aptomat no m thy ht chm t chng t nhnh b chm t. Trong nhnh li tin hnh phn on tng t .... v tin hnh x l dt im chm t. - Trc khi ct cc aptomt cp ngun cho cc ph ti quan trng nh ngun bo v rle, iu khin ng ct my ct ... phi bo co xin php cc cp iu lin quan v ch thc hin khi c s cho php ca cp iu tng ng. Lu : + Nu khng c lp c mch bo v, iu khin ra kim tra th xin tch ngn l ra khi li tin hnh x l. + Phi bo m c bo v d tr ca cc ngn l khc khi c s c xy ra trn ngn l trong thi gian c lp mch bo v. + Phi bo m c th ct my ct bng tay ca ngn l trong trng hp khn cp. 41
2.1.2.4. Sau khi thc hin cc bc nu phn 2.1.2.3 trn m khng pht hin ra im chm t: - Xin c lp TBA ra kim tra x l chm t ngun mt chiu. Nu khng c lp c ton trm t nht phi xin c lp c ton b cc ngn l MBA v cc xut tuyn phn phi, cc ngn l ng dy 110kV xin ct ngun iu khin bo v (lc ny cc ngn l ng dy ny c bo v t cc my ct u ngun n). - Dng M gm mt 500V kim tra cch in ca cc t np, thanh ci mt chiu t phn phi mt chiu DC, cc mch cp ngun mt chiu. - Nu cch in ca t phn phi DC tt. Ct ton b aptomat u ra t phn phi mt chiu DC, a ln lt tng t np vo vn hnh kim tra tn hiu chm t ngun mt chiu cc t np. Sau a ngun cquy vo vn hnh kim tra chm t ngun c quy. - Thc hin cc bc trn vn khng xc nh c im chm t tip tc ng ln lt cc aptomat cp ngun kim tra chm t cc mch iu khin, o lng v bo v .... Khi ng aptomat no m thy chm t chng t nhnh b chm t. Trong nhnh li tin hnh phn on .... v tin hnh x l dt im chm t. 2.2. S c mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v: 2.2.1 Hin tng mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v : - C tn hiu ci (hoc chung). - Bng bo Mt ngun iu khin, bo v ... ti knh cnh bo tn hiu tng ng sng. 2.2.2. Cc nguyn nhn thng gp khi s c mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v : - Aptomat cp ngun mt chiu cho mch iu khin, bo v mt ngn l (MBA, ng dy ...) hoc mt h thng thanh ci b nhy. - Do chm chp, chy n hoc t mch mt chiu cp ngun iu khin, bo v mt ngn l (MBA, ng dy ...) hoc mt h thng thanh ci. 2.2.3. Nguyn tc chung x l khi mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v: Khi pht hin s c mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v; NVVH trm nhanh chng kim tra xc nh nguyn nhn gy mt ngun t dng mt chiu cung cp cho mch iu khin, bo v, bo co vi cc cp iu lin quan, B07, trm trng, Lnh o n v. NVVH trm tin hnh x l nh sau: - Nu do aptomat cp ngun mt chiu cho mch iu khin, bo v mt ngn l (MBA, ng dy ...) hoc mt h thng thanh ci b nhy, NVVH trm ng li aptomat nu trn. - Nu do chm chp, chy n, t mch cp ngun mt chiu iu khin, bo v mt ngn l (MBA, ng dy ...) hoc mt h thng thanh ci; NVVH trm nhanh chng bo K s iu hnh A3 (KSH A3), iu in lc xin tch cc 42
thit b b mt ngun iu khin, bo v ra khi vn hnh. Nhanh chng tin hnh x l khi phc li ngun iu khin v bo v ngn thit b . 2.3. S c mt ton b h thng ngun t dng mt chiu: 2.3.1 Hin tng mt ton b h thng ngun t dng mt chiu: - ng h Vnmet ti t t dng mt chiu ch th 0 VDC. - Mn hnh trn cc rle bo v MBA , rle bo v thanh ci 6, 10, 15, 22, 35kV, rle bo v cc xut tuyn tt. 2.3.2. Cc nguyn nhn thng gp gy mt ton b h thng ngun t dng mt chiu: - Do s c t np ng thi h thng cquy b h hng. - Do chm chp, chy n t cp ngun mt chiu DC hoc ton b cp cp ngun cho mch iu khin v bo v ton trm. 2.3.3. Nguyn tc chung x l s c mt ton b h thng ngun t dng mt chiu: - Khi pht hin s c mt ton b ngun t dng mt chiu, nhn vin vn hnh trm nhanh chng kim tra, xc nh nguyn nhn mt ngun t dng mt chiu. - NVVH trm nhanh chng bo co K s iu hnh A3 (KSH A3) xin c lp TBA (bng cch ct cc my ct u ngun t cc trm khc n). - Bo co iu in lc, trc ban sn xut X nghip B07, trm trng, Lnh o n v. - Nhanh chng x l, khc phc li ngun iu khin v bo v ti trm v tin hnh x l cc bc tip theo. Lu : Khi c nguy c xy ra s c, c kh nng lm h hng cc thit b ti trm, nh hng n tnh mng con ngi cn phi c lp khn cp ton TBA 110kV trong khi mt ngun iu khin v bo v ti trm, nhn vin vn hnh (NVVH) trm nhanh chng thc hin theo trnh t nh sau: - NVVH trm nhanh chng c lp ton trm bng cch ct cc my ct ti ch bng nt ct c kh t t truyn ng my ct; trng hp ti t truyn ng my ct khng c nt ng, ct c kh NVVH trm nhanh chng bo co KSH A3 xin ct cc my ct u ngun t cc trm khc n c lp trm. - Sau khi c lp ton trm NVVH bo thng tin s c cho KSH A3, iu in lc, B07, Trng trm v Lnh o Chi nhnh. - Nhanh chng x l, khc phc li ngun iu khin v bo v ti trm. 3. Cng tc phng - np c quy nh k : nh gi dung lng ca tng bnh c quy v nng cao tui th vn hnh ca c quy, hng qu trm trng phi phi hp vi NVVH trm tin hnh kim tra v phng - np c quy trong iu kin trm ang vn hnh trnh t nh sau:
43
Hnh 4 : S h thng in mt chiu tin hnh phng np 3.1. Bc 1: Kim tra s u ni, phng thc vn hnh ca h thng in mt chiu hin ti, u ni thm aptomt AT4 v in tr phng nh s hnh 4 : Trong : - AT1 l aptomat u ra t np, bnh thng ang ng; - AT2 l aptomat u cc b c quy, bnh thng ang ng; - AT3 l aptomat ng in cho ph ti mt chiu, bnh thng ang ng; - AT4 l aptomat dng phng (lp thm khi phng); - RP l in tr phng tnh ton; Lu : S c th ca tng trm c th khc vi s ny. 3.2. Bc 2: Ct aptomat AT1 tch ngun np ra khi h thng mt chiu, sau ct aptomat cp ngun xoay chiu cho t np tch hon ton t np ra khi vn hnh; Kim tra ton b tng bnh c quy bng my kim tra dung lng, ng h vn nng hoc ng h o c quy chuyn dng (nu bnh no cht lng qu km th phi tch ra, trnh trng hp khi phng vi dng ln gy s c). * Vic tnh ton la chn in tr phng thc hin nh sau : Dung lng c quy (Ah) biu th bi dng in phng v thi gian phng quy nh cho ti khi in p gim ti in p quy nh v thi gian chu nh hng ln bi dng in phng, l ch phng in. - Chn ch phng in - nu nh ch to v quy trnh vn hnh khng c khuyn co c bit v ch phng cho c quy th ngi ta thung chn ch phng 10 gi. 44
- Tnh ton dng in phng theo dung lng nh mc ca mi loi c quy v thi gian phng theo cng thc di y :
IP =
Trong :
C tP
(1)
- IP l dng in phng (cn phi lu rng dng in phng bao gm hai thnh phn : Dng in i qua in tr phng RP v dng in tiu th i qua cc ph ti in mt chiu ca trm). - C l dung lng nh mc ca t c quy: 120Ah, 180Ah, 200Ah ... 10h). - tP l thi gian phng chn (nu khng c quy nh c bit th chn bng
Tnh ton in tr phng RP : in tr phng c tnh ton theo cng thc di y :
RP =
Trong :
U I P It
(2)
- RP l in tr cn thit dng phng; - U l in p nh mc ca thanh ci mt chiu (110V hoc 220V); - IP l dng phng tnh c t cng thc (1); DC. - It l dng ph ti mt chiu ch trn Ampe mt ca t np hoc t phn phi
- RP chnh l in tr cn thit dng phng t c quy. N c th s dng cc in tr s, dy may-so, in tr nc hoc cc ph ti thun tr khc. Trng hp ch la chn c in tr gn vi gi tr tnh ton th cn tnh ngc li chn li thi gian phng (ch phng) cho ph hp. 3.3. Bc 3: - ng aptomat AT4 bt u qu trnh phng. - Trong qu trnh phng, qut lm mt phng c quy phi hot ng lin tc tn nhit tt, mi gi phi o v ghi li cc thng s sau: + in p trn cc ca mi c quy v in p ca b c quy. + Dng in phng. + T trng cht in phn cc bnh c quy (nu c). + Nhit in phn cc bnh kim tra (nu c). - Khi in p trn cc ca mi c quy v in p ca b c quy b st gim, cn phi tng tn sut kim tra c th dng phng kp thi. 45
3.4. Bc 4: Dng phng c quy khi xut hin mt bnh bt k trong h thng c in p st gim ti 10% in p nh mc (1.8V i vi bnh 2V) 3.5. Bc 5: - Kt thc qu trnh phng bng cch ct aptomat AT4 trn s ; - Vic np li c quy cn phi tin hnh ngay sau khi kt thc qu trnh phng bng cch ng aptomat cp ngun xoay chiu cho t np, kim tra t np bnh thng v ng aptomat AT1 bt u np cho t c quy. Lu : Khi bt u np, dng np rt ln do c quy b i nhng sau dng np s gim dn, khi dng np n nh trong 3h hoc bng 0A th mi c coi nh qu trnh np kt thc. - Trng hp mt ngun in xoay chiu ca t np phi tin hnh mi cch np li cho c quy chm nht l 12 gi sau khi ngng phng V d : Gi s h thng c quy ti trm nh sau: - S bnh: 110; - in p nh mc: 2V; - in p nh mc trn thanh ci mt chiu: 220V; - Dung lng nh mc ca t c quy: 200Ah - Dng in cp cho cc ph ti mt chiu: 3A - Chn ch phng l 10 gi - Dng in phng tnh c : I P = - in tr phng tnh c : R p =
C 200 = 20 A tP 10
220 U = = 12,94 I P I t 20 3
Tin hnh phng nh trn, gi s sau khi phng c 6 gi 30' th thy bnh s 7 in p trn 2 cc cn li l 1,8V, cc bnh khc ln hn 1,8V, khi ta phi dng qu trnh phng li v c th kt lun c v cht lng ca bnh s 7 nh sau: - Dung lng thc t ca bnh s 7 l : C7 = IP.ttt = 20.6,5 = 130Ah Trong : - IP l dng phng tnh c trn vi in tr phng s dng ng bng in tr tnh c; - ttt l thi gian phng thc t 6h30' = 6,5h Nh vy dung lng thc ca bnh s 7 ch c 130Ah, thp hn dung lng cc bnh khc v bng 65% dung lng nh mc. 3.6. Cc lu trong qu trnh phng - np c quy : - in tr phng phi c ta nhit tt v c t ni thong mt; - Phi lun c ngi gim st ti ni t in tr phng; 46
- Khng c lm chm, chp 2 u cp u t h thng ra in tr phng; - Cng vic phi c thc hin theo phiu cng tc. 3.7. nh gi cht lng cc bnh c quy sau qu trnh phng - np : Tu theo tui th vn hnh, thi gian phng c quy (thi gian tnh t khi bt u qu trnh phng n khi kt thc qu trnh phng phng c quy, khi ut hin mt bnh bt k trong h thng c in p st gim ti 10% in p nh mc) v phn trm dung lng cn li ca c quy (tnh bng thi gian phng thc t/thi gian phng inh mc), ta c th tm thi nh gi cht lng c quy sau khi thc hin phng nh k nh sau: - Cc bnh c dung lng 70% m bo cht lng. - Cc bnh c dung lng nm trong khong t 50% n 70% l ngng cnh bo. - Nhng bnh no c dung lng < 50%, cn phi c k hoch thay th bng bnh c quy mi.
47
PH LC 4: CC NI DUNG KIM TRA NH K BNG MT CC THIT B TRONG TRM BIN P 110kV
1. Kim tra nh k MBA lc: - Kim tra b mt s cch in, s u vo (c rn, nt, bn, chy du). - Kim tra v my bin p c nguyn vn v c b r du hay khng. - Kim tra mu sc du trong bnh du ph, mc du trong bnh du ph v cc s c du, p lc du trong cc s p lc. - Kim tra tr s ca nhit k, p k. - Kim tra cc trang b lm mt. - Kim tra rle hi, rle dng du v cc rle p lc, van an ton. - Kim tra cc thit b bo tn hiu. - Kim tra cc u cp, thanh dn, cc im ni xem tip xc c b pht nng khng. - Kim tra cc trang b ni t. - Kim tra ting ku ca MBA c bnh thng hay khng. - Kim tra mu sc ca ht ht m trong bnh th. - Kim tra cc thng s vn hnh ca MBA. 2. Kim tra nh k my bin p o lng (my bin in p, my bin dng in): - Kim tra b mt s cch in, s u vo (c rn, nt, bn, chy du). - Kim tra cc u cp, thanh dn, cc im ni xem tip xc c b pht nng khng. - Kim tra cc trang b ni t. - Kim tra v my c nguyn vn v c b r du hay khng. - Kim tra mu sc du trong my, mc du v p lc trong cc s c du. 3. Kim tra nh k my ct ngoi tri: - S cch in khng c hin tng phng in, nt v - Kim tra cc u ni khng b nng , i mu. - Kim tra mch sy c lm vic khng. - Kim tra cc trang b ni t. - Kim tra ngun iu khin - Kim tra tnh trng tch nng ca cc l xo, thit b truyn ng. - i vi my ct du cn kim tra thm: + Mc du mi cc. Mu du trong cc cc c en, c nhiu vn cc bon khng. + C ting ng v ting si ca du trong my. + Xem xt trng thi van an ton v nu van an ton lm vic phi thay vt an ton. + Vt r r du, cc vt du loang trn nn trm hoc cc ch ni c giong. 48
- i vi my ct SF6 kim tra thm ng h p lc v p lc kh SF6. Khi thy p lc kh tt phi bo co ngay vi cc cp lin quan xc nh nguyn nhn v tm bin php x l. - Tr s dng in v in p c vt qa nh mc khng. - V tr ca my ct c tng ng vi n bo tn hiu trong bng khng. - Ghi li s ln ng ct (s ln ng ct s c, bnh thng). 4. Kim tra nh k cc t hp b ng ct trong nh: - Tnh trng lm vic ca h thng o lng. Tr s dng in v in p c vt qu nh mc khng. - V tr ca thit b ng ct (my ct, dao ct c ti LBS, cu ch, dao tip t) c tng ng vi n bo tn hiu, c hiu, k hiu trong bng khng. - Tnh trng lm vic ca h thng rle bo v v t ng c tng ng vi tnh trng lm vic ca thit b hay khng. - T my ct c ting ku l hay khng. - Kim tra ngun iu khin bo v. - Kim tra tnh trng tch nng ca cc l xo. - i vi my ct SF6 kim tra thm ng h p lc v p lc kh SF6. Khi thy p lc kh tt phi bo co ngay vi cc cp lin quan xc nh nguyn nhn v tm bin php x l. - Ghi li s ln ng ct (s ln ng ct s c, bnh thng). 5. Kim tra nh k dao cch ly: - Kim tra c cu truyn ng ng, ct c lin kt tt khng . - Kim tra s c nt, v khng. - Kim tra tnh ng b gia cc li dao. - Kim tra tip xc ti li dao v ngm c tt khng; cc u tip xc, u ct c b nng hay i mu khng. C b phng in khng - Kim tra li dao c b cong vnh, gy kh khn cho thao tc ng, ct khng. - Kim tra l xo p tip im c tt khng. - Kim tra cc bulong, xem c lng khng. - C ting ku khc thng do phng in b mt s khng. - Kim tra ni t ca dao cch ly c b ta, t khng. 6. Kim tra nh k cu ch t ri FCO: - Kim tra s c nt, v khng. - Kim tra tip xc ti cc u ni c nng hay chuyn mu do tip xc xu khng. - C ting ku khc thng do phng in b mt dc khng. - Cn gi ch c b chy nm, vt phng in khng. - Tip im FCO c phng tia la in khng. - Kim tra cc u tip xc, u ct c b nng chuyn mu, b phng in khng. 49
7. Kim tra nh k chng st: - Kim tra s c nt, v khng. - Kim tra tip xc ti cc u ct, u ni c chuyn mu do tip xc xu khng. - C ting ku khc thng do phng in b mt khng. - Kim tra b m chng st. - Kim tra ni t cn tt khng. 8. Kim tra nh k cch in cao p - Kim tra cc loi cch in treo, xem c b nt, v, gy v nghing. Mt ngoi cch in b nm, trc men hoc chy sm. - C ting ku khc thng do phng in b mt khng. - Cch in b bn (nht l ni nh my ho cht, luyn kim v ni c nhiu bi). - Chui cch in b un khc hay b lch. - Cc ph kin bng kim loi ca cch in b r, an mm qu giosi hn cho php hay khng, c b ri cht... 9. Kim tra nh k cc trang b ni t - Kim tra dy dn ni cc thit b ti trm vi ni t cn nguyn vn khng. - Dy ni t t trn ct xung b ta, t, sy st. - Bulng ni phn ni t vi thn ct b lng hoc b hng mi ni dy ni t vo cc b phn khc, mi hn dy ni t. - Cc cc ni t hoc cc thanh ni t c nh ln khi mt t khng. - Tin hnh o in tr ni t ca trm xem cn m bo nm trong gii hn cho php ca quy nh hay khng. Vic ny tin hnh vo ma nng, kh hn v 3 nm 1 ln. 10. Kim tra cc kt cu phn xy dng. - Kim tra h thng x, gi cc thit b c b r, an mn qu mc cho php hay khng. - Kim tra cc bulng bt x vn cn nguyn vn hay khng. - Tnh hnh chn ct v mng ct. - Ct c b nghing, mc, r st. Cc b phn khc nh , gi ... c b cong, b bin dng. - Mng c b ln, chn mng c b v hoc nt rn tr li st. - Cc dy no c b chng hoc t. - Cc mi hn c b h, inh tn b long (tr Pylone). - Cc tr kim loi c ni t an ton khng. 11. Phi tch MBA ra khi vn hnh khi pht hin: - C ting ku mnh khng u v ting phng in bn cnh my. 50
- S pht nng ca my tng ln bt thng v lin tc trong iu kin lm mt bnh thng, ph ti nh mc. - Du trn ra ngoi my bnh du ph hoc du phun ra qua van an ton. - Mc du h thp di mc quy nh v cn tip tc h thp. - Mu sc ca du thay i t ngt. - Cc s b rn, v, b phng in b mt, p lc du ca cc s kiu kn khng nm trong quy nh ca nh ch to. u ct b nng . - Du c nhiu mui than, nc, tp cht c hc, cch in ca du b gim thp khng t cc tiu chun hin hnh, hoc khi nhit chp chy gim qu 50C so vi ln th nghim trc. 12. Phi tch cc thit b ng ct ra khi vn hnh khi pht hin: - C ting ku mnh khng u v ting phng in mnh trn thit b ng ct. - Cc s b rn nt, v, phng in b mt. - Cc u tip xc, u ct b nng .
51

Quan Ly Van Hanh Tba 110kv

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I.

NH NGHA, T VIT TT V TI LIU VIN DN

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

: Trc ban iu Trung tm iu h thng : iu vin.

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

2.2. Trang b dng c ngh, phng tin ti thiu phc v SCTX x l s c: 4

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

10 T ng dng c sa cha 11 T st kn ng dng c 12 My pht in lu ng chy xng, cng sut 3-5kW

Tu theo thc t TBA m trang b

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Hng mc Thang gp cch in ch A cao 5 m Bng nha lm ro chn an ton (100m/cun)

10 Bin bo an ton cc loi 11 Mt n phng c

Tu theo thc t trang b

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Chm t(+) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC -

Chm t (-) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC

Chm t (+) hon ton.

Chm t (-) hon ton.

Hnh 2 : Cc trng hp lm vic khng bnh thng, s c chm t vi cc cp in p 220VDC.

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Chm t(+) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC -

Chm t (-) khng hon ton. + = 0 VDC

Chm t (+) hon ton.

Chm t (-) hon ton.

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV

Tnh ton in tr phng RP : in tr phng c tnh ton theo cng thc di y :

Quy trnh qun l - vn hnh TBA 110kV