(Itcaothang - Com) - PHP Co Ban

i H c S Ph m Tp.
H Ch Minh
LP TRNH WEB PHP
Chng 02: PHP C B N
NI DUNG
Ph n 1: T ng quan v PHP Ph n 2: PHP c b n
Ni dung phn 1
1. Gi i thi u PHP
a. b. c. d. L ch s pht tri n PHP l g u i m M t s website dng PHP
2. Ho t ng c a Web Server
a. C ch b. V d
3. Yu c u ci t
a. Web server (Apache, IIS) b. Ph n m m PHP (trnh thng d ch PHP) c. H qu n tr c s d li u (mysql, SQL Server, Access)
4. Gi i php ci t tr n gi (WAMP, LAMP, XAMP WAMP, XAMP)
1. Gii thiu PHP Lch s

PHP : Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994 ( c pht tri n pht sinh cc form ng nh p s d ng giao th c HTTP c a Unix) PHP 2 (1995) : Chuy n sang ngn ng script x l trn 1995) server. H tr CSDL, Upload File, khai bo bi n, m ng, hm quy, cu i u ki n, bi u th c, PHP 3 (1998) : H tr ODBC, a h i u hnh, giao th c 1998) email (SNMP, IMAP), b phn tch m PHP (parser) c a Zeev Suraski v Andi Gutmans PHP 4 (2000) : Tr thnh m t thnh ph n c l p cho cc 2000) webserver. Parse i tn thnh Zend Engine. B sung cc tnh nng b o m t cho PHP PHP 5 (2005) : B sung Zend Engine II h tr l p trnh 2005) HT, XML, SOAP cho Web Services, SQLite Phin b n m i nh t c a PHP l version PHP 5.2.4 (www.php.net)
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1. Gii thiu PHP PHP l g?

PHP c pht tri n t ngn ng k ch b n (script) v i m c ch xy d ng trang Web c Personal Page). nhn (Personal Home Page Sau c pht tri n thnh m t ngn ng hon ch nh v c a chu ng trn ton th gi i trong vi c pht tri n cc ng d ng Web. PHP l m t ngn ng thng d ch. L ngn ng server-side script, tng t nh ASP, JSP, th c thi pha Server. T p tin PHP c ph n m r ng l .php C php tng t ngn ng C & Perl
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1. Gii thiu PHP u im

(Multi - Platform)
Web Servers: Apache, Microsoft Servers Netscape Enterprise Server IIS, Caudium,
H i u hnh UNIX (HP-UX, OpenBSD, Solaris, hnh: Linux), Mac OSX, Windows NT/98/2000/XP/2003/vista H QTCSDL Adabas D, dBase, Empress, FilePro QTCSDL: (read-only), Hyperwave, IBM DB2, Informix, Ingres, InterBase, FrontBase, mSQL, Direct MS-SQL, MySQL, ODBC, Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8), Ovrimos, PostgreSQL, SQLite, Solid, Sybase, Velocis, Unix dbm
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1. Gii thiu PHP u im

PHP c s d ng r ng ri trn mi tr ng pht tri n web
1. Gii thiu PHP Mt s website dng PHP
2. Hot ng ca Web Server
C CH HOT NG
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Apache v IIS c xy d ng p ng cc yu c u (request) cc t p tin HTML Khng hi u cch th c thi m PHP pha server Apache s d ng cc modules hi u cch th c thi cc o n m vi t b ng PHP IIS s d ng t p l nh ISAPI - Internet Server Application Programming Interface - hi u cc l nh c a PHP v ASP Ngoi ra, c Apache v IIS u h tr nhi u module khc ph c v cho vi c tri n khai ng d ng web m t cch hi u qu
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<html> <head> <title>PHP Test</title> </head> <body> <?php echo 'Hello World'; ?> </body> </html> <html> <head> <title>PHP Test</title> </head> <body> Hello World </body> </html>
hello.php
output
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3. Yu cu ci t
Download Apache Server
Download Apache for free here: http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
Download PHP
Download PHP for free here: http://www.php.net/downloads.php
Download MySQL Database

Download MySQL for free here: http://www.mysql.com/downloads/index.html
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4. Gii php trn gi

LAMP Linux
WAMP Windows
XAMPP Windows/Linux
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Phn 2: PHP cn bn
Ni dung phn 2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. PHP v HTML Cu l nh PHP Ghi ch trong PHP Khai bo bi n Ki u d li u Ton t C u trc i u khi n Hm Ph m vi c a bi n Bi n tnh Lm vi c v i file v th m c L p i t ng trong PHP
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1. PHP v HTML
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2. Cu lnh PHP
Pht bi u:
Cc cu l nh php cch nhau b i d u ; Khng phn bi t kho ng tr ng, tab hay k t xu ng dng.
V d :
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3. Ghi ch trong PHP

Ghi ch c a PHP tng t nh c a C++ v Perl C 3 lo i ghi ch:
S d ng // ghi ch // S d ng # ghi ch # S d ng /* */ ghi ch
V d : <? print cho m i ngu i.; //print dng xu t chu i ?> <?=$bien; <?=$bien; ?> #tng t nh <? print $bien; ?> 19
4. Khai bo bin
C php: $ten_bien = value; Khng khai bo ki u d li u Bi n t ng c kh i t o khi gn gi tr l n u Tn bi n
Bao g m cc k t (A..Z, a..z), k s (0..9),_ Khng c b t u b ng k s (0..9) Phn bi t ch hoa ch th ng
V d :
ng c php: $hoten, $_pass Sai c php: $2host
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4. Khai bo bin
Variable variables
Cho php thay i tn bi n Vd
<? $varname=Bien_moi; $$varname= xyz; //$Bien_moi= xyz ?>
H ng s - Constants
<?
define("MY_CONST", 10); echo MY_CONST;
?>
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5. Kiu d liu
boolean integer double string array object M t bi n trong PHP c th lu b t k ki u d li u no
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5. Kiu d liu
Chuy n i ki u d li u Cch 1 (automatic)
$var = 100 + 15; $var = 100 + 15.0; $var = 39. Steps;//Ch
Cch 2 (datatype) $var Cch 3 settype($var, datatype)
VD:
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5. Kiu d liu
Ki m tra ki u d li u gettype is_string is_integer is_array is_double is_object V d
$var = test; if (isset($var)) echo Variable is Set; if (empty($var)) echo Variable is Empty;
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isset unset empty
5. Kiu d liu
M t s hm x l s
Tra H ng D n V d : trong PHP Manual // Pht sinh m t m m ng u nhin $seed = (float) microtime()*100000000; // Kh i t o b pht sinh s ng u nhin srand($seed); // In s ng u nhin print rand(); // Gi tr ng u nhin t 0 n getmaxrand( ) print rand(1, 6); // Gi tr ng u nhin t 1 n 6
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5. Kiu d liu
Ki u string
Ton t n i chu i .
$str=Hello . World!; //$str = Hello World!;
Phn bi t d u nhy n, d u nhy kp

$user = Mr Bean; print Hi $user; // Hi $user print Hi $user;// Hi Mr Bean print Hi. $user;// ???? print Hi. $user;// ????
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5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

Gi i h n b i nhy n () ho c kp () Chu i t trong nhy kp b thay th v x l k t thot. Trong nhy n th khng. V d :
$a = Hello; $b = $a world; //tng ng $b=Hello world $c = $a world; //$c=$a world (khng thay i)
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lm r cc bi n trong chu i, c n bao bi n vo gi a c p ngo c nh n { }
$a = He; $b = $allo; //l i v PHP hi u l $allo $c = {$a}llo; //ng ($c = Hello)
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K t thot: \
S d ng vi t cc k t c bi t trong chu i VD: C n c chu i: Ng i ta ni PHP r t t t $a = Ng i ta ni PHP r t t t; //Sai $a = Ng i ta ni \PHP r t t t\; //ng M t s k t Ngoi ra:

ph i s
d ng k t
thot: $, \,
\n: Xu ng dng \r: tr v u dng \t: d u tab

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Ki u ti li u (heredoc):
Cho php vi t 1 chu i trn nhi u dng. Khng c n s d ng k t thot: Cch vi t: $bi n = <<<K_hi u n i dung trn nhi u dng K_hi u; Ch : K_hi u ph i c vi t k t u tin c a dng V d : $a = <<<EOD y l chu i n m trn nhi u dng s d ng c php ki u ti li u heredoc EOD;
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<?php Ki u Heredoc $str = <<<EOA Example of string spanning multiple lines using heredoc syntax. EOA;//khng c c kho ng tr ng u dng echo($str); $name = mr bean"; $d = date("d/m/y"); $str = <<<EOQ This is a lecture of $name. Ngay $d EOQ; echo($str); ?>
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Cc hm x
l chu i
Cc x l c b n
strlen($chu strlen($chu i) substr($chu substr($chu i, $v tr, $chi u_di) strtoupper ($chu i) strtolower ($chu i) iconv(m ngu n, m ch, $chu i) trim($chu trim($chu i, k t mu n c t) ltrim($chu ltrim($chu i, k t mu n c t) rtrim($chu rtrim($chu i, k t mu n c t)
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Cc hm x
Tm ki m

l chu i
strpos($chu strpos($chu i, $chu i_con, $v _tr_b t u) strrpos ($chu i, $chu i_con, $v _tr_b t u)
So snh
strcmp($chu strcmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2) strncmp($chu strncmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2, $chi u_di) strcasecmp($chu strcasecmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2) strncasecmp($chu strncasecmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2, $chi u_di) strnatcmp($chu strnatcmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2) strnatcasecmp($chu strnatcasecmp($chu i_1, $chu i_2)
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5. Kiu d liu
<?php $n = 43951789; $u = -43951789; $c = 65; // ASCII 65 is 'A' printf("%%b = '%b'\n", $n); printf("%%c = '%c'\n", $c); printf("%%d = '%d'\n", $n); printf("%%e = '%e'\n", $n); printf("%%u = '%u'\n", $n); printf("%%u = '%u'\n", $u); printf("%%f = '%f'\n", $n); printf("%%o = '%o'\n", $n); printf("%%s = '%s'\n", $n); printf("%%x = '%x'\n", $n); printf("%%X = '%X'\n", $n); printf("%%+d = '%+d'\n", $n); printf("%%+d = '%+d'\n", $u); ?>
Hm printf
%b = '10100111101010011010101101' %c = 'A' %d = '43951789' %e = '4.39518e+7' %u = '43951789' %u = '4251015507' %f = '43951789.000000' %o = '247523255' %s = '43951789' %x = '29ea6ad' %X = '29EA6AD' %+d = '+43951789'
%+d = '-43951789' 34
5. Kiu d liu
<?php $input = "Alien"; echo str_pad($input, echo str_pad($input, echo str_pad($input, echo str_pad($input, ?> 10); 10, "-=", STR_PAD_LEFT); 10, "_", STR_PAD_BOTH); 6 , "___"); // // // // produces produces produces produces "Alien " "-=-=-Alien" "__Alien___" "Alien_"
Hm str_pad
STR_PAD_RIGHT : Thm vo bn ph i (m c nh) STR_PAD_LEFT : Thm vo bn tri STR_PAD_BOTH : Thm c hai pha
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5. Kiu d liu
<?php $array = array('lastname', 'email', 'phone'); $comma_separated = implode(",", $array); echo $comma_separated; // lastname,email,phone ?>
<?php // Example 1 $pizza = "piece1 piece2 piece3 piece4 piece5 piece6"; $pieces = explode(" ", $pizza); echo $pieces[0]; // piece1 echo $pieces[1]; // piece2 // Example 2 $data = "foo:*:1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh"; list($user,$pass,$uid,$gid,$gecos,$home,$shell) = explode(":", $data); echo $user; // foo echo $pass; // * ?>
X l chu i
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5. Kiu d liu
M ng (Array Array)
<?php $colors = array('red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow'); sort($colors); foreach ($colors as $color) { echo "Do you like $color? "; Do you like blue? } Do you like green? $num = count($colors); Do you like red? echo We have $num items ; Do you like yellow? We have 4 items ?>
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5. Kiu d liu
M ng (Array Array)
<?php // PHP 5 foreach ($colors as &$color) { $color = strtoupper($color); } unset($color); /* ensure that following writes to $color will not modify the last array element */ // Workaround for older versions (phin b n tr c PHP 5) foreach ($colors as $key => $color) { Array $colors[$key] = strtoupper($color); ( } [0] => RED print_r($colors); ?>
) [1] => BLUE [2] => GREEN [3] => YELLOW
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5. Kiu d liu
<?php $a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana"); $b = array("a" => "pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry"); $c = $a + $b; // Union of $a and $b echo "Union of \$a and \$b: \n"; var_dump($c); $c = $b + $a; // Union of $b and $a echo "Union of \$b and \$a: \n"; var_dump($c); ?>
Union of $a and $b: array(3) { ["a"]=> string(5) "apple" ["b"]=> string(6) "banana" ["c"]=> string(6) "cherry" }
Union of $b and $a: array(3) { ["a"]=> string(4) "pear" ["b"]=> string(10) "strawberry" ["c"]=> string(6) "cherry" }
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5. Kiu d liu
<?php /* Suppose that $var_array is an array returned from wddx_deserialize */ $size = "large"; $var_array = array("color" => "blue", "size" => "medium", "shape" => "sphere"); extract($var_array, EXTR_PREFIX_SAME, "wddx"); echo "$color, $size, $shape, $wddx_size\n"; ?>
blue, large, sphere, medium
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5. Kiu d liu
<?php $info = array('coffee', 'brown', 'caffeine'); // Listing all the variables list($drink, $color, $power) = $info; echo "$drink is $color and $power makes it special.\n"; // Listing some of them list($drink, , $power) = $info; echo "$drink has $power.\n"; // Or let's skip to only the third one list( , , $power) = $info; echo "I need $power!\n"; // list() doesn't work with strings list($bar) = "abcde"; var_dump($bar); // NULL ?> 41
Cc hm x l mng
S px p
Theo gi tr
sort($m sort($m ng) / asort($m ng) asort($m rsort($m rsort($m ng) / arsort($m ng) arsort($m natsort($m natsort($m ng) / natcasesort($m ng) natcasesort($m chu i usort($m usort($m ng, hm_so_snh) // t uasort($m uasort($m ng, hm_so_snh) // t // tng d n // gi m d n // tng d n, dng cho nh ngha th nh ngha th t t
Theo kha
ksort($m ksort($m ng) krsort($m krsort($m ng) uksort($m uksort($m ng, hm_so_snh) // tng d n // gi m d n // t nh ngha th t
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Cc hm x l mng
N i ghp hai m ng
array_merge($m array_merge($m ng1, $m ng2) array_combine($m array_combine($m ng1, $m ng2) array_intersect($m array_intersect($m ng1, $m ng2)
Tm ki m
array_search($gi_tr array_search($gi_tr , $m ng)
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6. Ton t
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6. Ton t
Ex
$a == $b $a === $b $a != $b $a <> $b $a !== $b $a < $b $a > $b $a <= $b $a >= $b Equal Identical Not equal Not equal Not identical Less than Greater than Less than or equal to Greater than or equal to
Name
TRUE if $a is equal to $b.
Result
TRUE if $a is equal to $b, and they are of the same type. (PHP 4) TRUE if $a is not equal to $b. TRUE if $a is not equal to $b. TRUE if $a is not equal to $b, or they are not of the same type. (PHP 4) TRUE if $a is strictly less than $b. TRUE if $a is strictly greater than $b. TRUE if $a is less than or equal to $b. TRUE if $a is greater than or equal to $b.
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7. Cu trc iu khin
i u ki n if i u khi n switch Vng l p for Tng t Vng l p while Vng l p do.. While Vng l p foreach T kha break, continue
nh C++
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Cu lnh if if (bi u th c i u ki n) n) kh i l nh 1 else kh i l nh 2
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7. Cu trc iu khin
R nhnh v i if else
if ($a > $b) { echo "a > b"; $a = $b; } else { echo "a <= b"; $b = $a; }
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Cu lnh switch
switch (bi u th c) c) { case bi u th c 1: kh i l nh 1 case bi u th c 2: kh i l nh 2 ... case bi u th c n: kh i l nh n default: default: kh i l nh cu i }
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7. Cu trc iu khin
R nhnh v i switch case
switch ($a) { case 0: echo "a = 0"; break; case 1: echo "a = 1"; break; }
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Vng lp while/do...while
while (bi u th c i u ki n) n) kh i l nh Hay: do kh i l nh while (bi u th c i u ki n); n)
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7. Cu trc iu khin
L p v i while & do while
while ($i++ < 5) { switch ($i) { case 2: echo "At 2"; case 5: echo "At 5"; default: break; } }
break; break 2;
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Vng lp for
for (bi u th c 1; bi u th c 2; bi u th c 3) 1; kh i l nh
bi u th c 1: th c hi n 1 l n khi b t u vng l p bi u th c 2: i u ki n l p, c xem xt tr c m i l nl p bi u th c 3: th c hi n sau m i l n l p
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7. Cu trc iu khin
L p v i for & foreach
for ($i=1, $j=0; $i<=10; $j+=$i, print $i, $i++); $arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4); foreach ($arr as &$value) { $value = $value * 2; } $arr = array("one", "two", "three"); foreach ($arr as $key => $value) { echo "Key: $key; Value: $value"; }
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Cc lnh ngt lp break

Ngng v thot ra kh i vng l p hi n t i
continue
Ngng th c hi n l n l p hi n hnh chuy n sang l n l p ti o theo
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7. Cu trc iu khin
<?php $arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4); foreach ($arr as &$value) { $value = $value * 2; } // $arr is now array(2, 4, 6, 8) unset($value); // break the reference with the last element ?> <?php $arr = array("one", "two", "three"); reset($arr);// reset pointer, start again on first element while (list(, $value) = each($arr)) { echo "Value: $value \n"; } foreach ($arr as $value) { echo "Value: $value \n"; } ?> 56
7. Cu trc iu khin
<?php $arr = array("one", "two", "three"); reset($arr); while (list($key, $value) = each($arr)) { echo "Key: $key; Value: $value \n"; } foreach ($arr as $key => $value) { echo "Key: $key; Value: $value \n"; } ?> Key: 0; Value: one Key: 1; Value: two Key: 2; Value: three Key: 0; Value: one Key: 1; Value: two Key: 2; Value: three
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8. Hm
<?php function takes_array($input) { echo "$input[0] + $input[1] = ", $input[0]+$input[1]; } $input = array(4,7); takes_array($input); ?> <?php function add_some_extra(&$string) { $string .= 'and something extra.'; } $str = 'This is a string, '; add_some_extra($str); echo $str;// outputs 'This is a string, and something extra.' ?> 58
lu : d u &
8. Hm
nh ngha
<?php <?php function tn_hm([danh sch tham s ...]) tn_hm( ...]) { [thn hm ...] } ?>
G i hm
Nh p tn hm (khng phn bi t ch in hoa-th ng) v hoacung c p y cc tham s c n thi t trong c p d u ()
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8. Hm
K t thc v tr k t qu
L nh return dng k t thc v tr k t qu cng nh quy n i u hi n l i cho ni g i hm. N u khng c hm. l nh return th m c nh hm tr v gi tr NULL. NULL. Mu n tr v hn m t gi tr th ph i dng m ng
Truy n tham s
M c nh cc tham s c truy n vo bn trong hm theo phng php tham tr . Tr ng h p mu n thay i tr c ti p trn cc tham s truy n th ng i ta dng phng php tham chi u, thm d u & tr c tn tham s (khi nh ngha) cng nh tn bi n c truy n lm tham (khi g i hm)
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8. Hm
Tham s c gi tr m c nh
Tng t cch khai bo v gn gi tr u tin cho bi n, thng th ng lo i tham s ny nn t cu i trong danh sch tham s Khi g i hm n u b tr ng t i v tr tham s c gi tr m c nh th m c nhin gi tr m c nh c dng cho tham s
Hm c s l ng tham s khng xc nh
Khai bo danh sch tham s r ng () S d ng cc hm sau l y danh sch cc tham s : func_num_args(): s l ng tham s khi hm c g i func_get_arg(i): gi tr cc tham s th i c truy n (b t u t 0) func_get_args(): danh sch t t c cc tham s
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8. Hm
Bi n tnh
Thm t kha static khi khai bo bi n c kh i t o (v gn gi tr ) m t l n u tin duy nh t trong su t qu trnh th c thi c a script
S d ng bi n ton c c
Khai bo l i bi n ton c c v i t kha global (bn trong hm) c th s d ng c bi n ton c c ny bn trong hm S d ng cc hm sau l y danh sch cc tham s : func_num_args(): func_num_args(): s l ng tham s khi hm c g i func_get_arg(i): func_get_arg(i): gi tr cc tham s th i c truy n (b t u t 0) func_get_args(): danh sch t t c cc tham s
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8. Hm
Ph m vi
C gi tr s d ng trong ton script, ngay c tr c v sau khi nh ngha
L ng hm
Cho php nh ngha l ng hm, th m ch l ng bn trong m t c u trc i u khi n (if, switch, while/do, while) Lo i hm ny c ph m vi trong ton script v khng th nh ngha l i
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8. Hm
<?php function makecoffee($type = "cappuccino") { return "Making a cup of $type.\n"; } echo makecoffee(); echo makecoffee(null); echo makecoffee("espresso"); ?>
<?php function makecoffee($types = array("cappuccino"), $coffeeMaker = NULL) { $device = is_null($coffeeMaker) ? "hands" : $coffeeMaker; return "Making a cup of ".join(", ", $types)." with $device.\n"; } echo makecoffee(); echo makecoffee(array("cappuccino", "lavazza"), "teapot"); ?>
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8. Hm
<?php function makeyogurt($type = "acidophilus", $flavour) { return "Making a bowl of $type $flavour.\n"; } echo makeyogurt("raspberry");// won't work as expected ?>
<?php function makeyogurt($flavour, $type = "acidophilus") { return "Making a bowl of $type $flavour.\n"; } echo makeyogurt("raspberry"); ?> // works as expected
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8. Hm
<?php function square ($num) { return $num * $num; } echo square (4);//outputs '16 ?> <?php function &returns_reference() { return $someref; } $newref=&returns_reference(); ?>
<?php function small_numbers() { return array (0, 1, 2); } list($zero,$one,$two)=small_numbers(); ?>
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8. Hm
<?php function foo() { echo "In foo() \n"; } function bar($arg = '') { echo "In bar(); argument was '$arg'. \n"; } // This is a wrapper function around echo function echoit($string) { echo $string; } $func = 'foo'; $func(); // This calls foo() $func = 'bar'; $func('test');
// This calls bar()
$func = 'echoit'; $func('test'); // This calls echoit() ?>
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8. Hm
<?php class Foo { function Variable() { $name = 'Bar'; $this->$name(); // This calls the Bar() method } function Bar() { echo "This is Bar"; } } $foo = new Foo(); $funcname = "Variable"; $foo->$funcname(); // This calls $foo->Variable() ?> 68
9. Phm vi ca bin
<?php $a = 1; $b = 2; function Sum() { global $a, $b; $b = $a + $b; } Sum(); echo $b; ?> <?php $a = 1; $b = 2; function Sum() { $GLOBALS["b"] = $GLOBALS["a"] + $GLOBALS["b"]; } Sum(); echo $b; ?>
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9. Phm vi ca bin
<?php $a = 1; include "b.inc"; ?> Ph m vi c a bi n [a] c tc d ng trong c b.inc ---------------------------------------------<?php $a = 1; // global scope function Test() { echo $a;// reference to local scope variable } Test(); ?> Bi n [a] ngoi v trong hm Test khc nhau
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9. Phm vi ca bin
Tn bi n $GLOBALS $_SERVER $_GET $_POST $_COOKIE $_FILE $_ENV M t
ch a t t c cc bi n ton c c m o n script c c b c th truy c p ch a thng tin v mi tr ng c a web server ch a thng tin c a yu c u d ng GET ch a thng tin c a yu c u d ng POST ch a thng tin t HTTP cookie ch a thng tin t vi c t i t p tin ln ki u POST ch a thng tin v mi tr ng th c thi c a o n script
$_REQUEST ch a thng tin nh p vo c a ng i dng $_SESSION

ch a thng tin c a cc session c ng k
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10. Bin tnh

<?php function Test() { $a = 0; echo $a; $a++; } Test(); Test(); ?> <?php function Test() { static $a = 0; echo $a; $a++; } Test(); Test(); ?>
?
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11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

1. S d ng include() 2. S d ng include_once() 3. S d ng include_path cho cc d n l n 4. Ki m tra file 5. c, ghi file 6. Lm vi c v i th m c
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L nh include() cho php b n ph i h p gi a cc file trong m t PHP project, ko gi ng nh c php #include c a ngn ng C, l nh ny khng chn m l nh vo file m th c thi file php gi ng nh c php g i hm include() s d ng chia s cc hm dng chung, cc o n m chung trong m t project c nhi u file N u khng tm th y file, include() thng bo warning nhng khng d ng chng trnh PHP cung c p 1 l nh tng t include() l require(), l nh ny c s khc bi t l s d ng ngay chng trnh khi khng tm th y file
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//vars.php <?php $color = 'green'; $fruit = 'apple'; ?> //test.php <?php echo "A $color $fruit"; // A include 'vars.php'; echo "A $color $fruit"; // A green apple ?>
V include() th c hi n l i g i n file php, php, do b n c th tr v gi tr t file PHP c include

 <?php return 4 + 4; ?> ----------------------------------- <?php echo "This is from file 2 "; $retVal = include("file1.php"); echo Value file 1: $retVal "; echo "This is from file 2\n"; ?> 75

C th t l nh include bn trong 1 c u trc i u ki n ho c c u trc l p, Khi ty theo i u ki n c a c u trc m include() c c th c hi n hay khng, 1 hay nhi u l n Vi c ny gip h tr cho vi c thi t k ki n
trc trang web t t hn.

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include_once() gi ng nh include(), tuy nhin c i m khc bi t l ch include 1 l n, l n sau n u g p l i file ny th ko include n a include_once() phn bi t ch hoa, ch th ng
<?php include_once("a.php"); // this will include a.php include_once("A.php"); // this will include a.php again on Windows! ?>
V phn bi t ch hoa/th ng nn include_one chn thm l n th hai

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include file theo ng d n tuy t i: Cch ny d v khi ci t trn my khc s khng tm th y file c include include file theo ng d n tng i: Cch ny t t hn, nhng m i khi i v tr c a file c include th ph i s a l i t i t t c cc file th c hi n l i g i include Cch t t nh t l s d ng include_path (thi t l p trong file PHP.INI) i v i nh ng file th vi n dng chung c s d ng nhi u (gi ng nh i v i ngn ng C)
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thay i include_path trong PHP.INI dng l nh set_include_path()
<?php var_dump(get_include_path()); set_include_path('/inc'); // Works as of PHP 4.3.0 var_dump(get_include_path()); restore_include_path(); var_dump(get_include_path()); ?>
dng l nh ini_set()
<?php var_dump(ini_get("include_path")); ini_set("include_path", "/inc"); // Works in all PHP versions var_dump(ini_get("include_path")); ini_restore("include_path"); var_dump(ini_get("include_path")); ?> 79

file_exist(), is_file(), is_dir(), is_readable(), is_writeable(), is_executable(), filesize(), fileatime()
<?php function outputFileTestInfo( $file ) { if ( ! file_exists( $file ) ) { print "$file does not exist "; return; } print "$file is ".(is_file( $file )?"":"not ")."a file \n"; print "$file is ".(is_dir( $file )?"":"not ")."a directory \n"; print "$file is ".(is_readable( $file )?"":"not ")."readable \n"; print "$file is ".(is_writable( $file )?"":"not ")."writable \n"; print "$file is ".( filesize($file))." bytes \n"; print "$file was accessed on ".date( "D d M Y g:i A", fileatime($file ))." "; print "$file was modified on ".date( "D d M Y g:i A", filemtime( $file))." "; print "$file was changed on".date( "D d M Y g:i A", filectime($file))." "; } outputFileTestInfo("c:\\windows\\system32\\cmd.exe"); ?> 80

fopen($filename, $mode); fwrite($handle, $string); fread($handle, $length); fgets($handle); sprintf($format); fscanf($handle, $format); fseek($handle, $offset); fclose($handle); file_get_contents($filename);
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<?php $var1 = 10; $var2 = "This is a String"; $var3 = true; $f = fopen("test.txt", "wt"); fwrite($f, "$var1 $var2 $var3\n"); fwrite($f, "$var1\n$var2\n$var3\n"); fclose($f);
echo "Read all file by fread......\n"; $f = fopen("test.txt", "rb"); $myfile = fread($f, filesize("test.txt")); echo $myfile; fclose($f);
echo "Read line by line......\n"; $f = fopen("test.txt", "rt"); echo "Read all file......\n"; $myfile = while (!feof($f)) { file_get_contents("test.txt"); $line = fgets($f); echo($myfile); echo "$line"; } ?> fclose($f);
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<?php $var1=10; $var2=100; $var3=100.3434; $var4="Test string"; $f=fopen("test.txt", "wt"); fwrite($f, sprintf("%d %10.3f %10.3lf\n\r", $var1, $var2, $var3)); fwrite($f, sprintf("%s", $var4)); fclose($f); $f=fopen("test.txt", "rt"); if (list($v1, $v2, $v3, $v4) = fscanf($f, "%d %f %lf\n\r%s")) { var_dump($v1); var_dump($v2); var_dump($v3); var_dump($v4); } $v4 = fgets($f); var_dump($v4); fclose($f); ?> 83

<?php class AClass { }; $ob1 =& new AClass(); $ob1->a = 10; $ob1->b = 100.023; $ob1->c = "Test String"; var_dump($ob1); $f = fopen("test.txt", "wb"); fwrite($f, serialize($ob1)); fclose($f); $f = fopen("test.txt", "rb"); $ob2 = unserialize(fgets($f)); fclose($f); var_dump($ob2); ?>
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mkdir(), rmdir() opendir(), readdir(), closedir() <?php $dir=opendir("c:\\windows"); while ($file=readdir($dir)) { echo "$file\n"; } closedir($dir); ?>
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Bi tp
Vi t m t script th c hi n cng vi c sau:
Yu c u ng i dng nh p vo m t s nguyn em so snh s v a nh p v i m t s nguyn cho tr c N u b ng th xu t ra cu chc m ng ng i dng on ng con s b m t Ng c l i th th thng bo k t qu l con s v a nh p l l n hay b hn con s b m t v yu c u nh p l i cho n khi nh p ng
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12. Lp v i tng trong PHP Khai bo l p Hm t o Ph m vi K th a Hm serialize,unserialize

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12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

Khai bo
Hm t o
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Khai bo l p
class tn_l p { cc thu c tnh v phng th c }
T o v h y m t i t ng
$tn_bi n = new tn_l p(); i t ng s t ng b h y khi khng cn tham chi u no n n $tn_bi n = NULL; NULL;
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Cc t

kha khai bo:
public: public: c th s d ng bn ngoi l p private: private: ch s d ng c c b bn trong l p protected: protected: s d ng c b i cc l p k th a
M t s quy t c chung:
Khng th khai bo hai method trng tn Method ph i c khai bo ngay bn trong khai bo l p Dng bi n gi $this truy xu t cc member v method trong l p Dng ton t -> truy xu t n member v method
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Khai bo constructor v destructor
public function __construct(danh sch tham s ) __construct(danh { kh i t o gi tr cc member }
constructor c t ng th c hi n khi i t ng c t o
public function __destruct() __destruct() { d nd p }

destructor c t ng th c hi n khi i t ng b h y
91
91
92
L p trnh h ng i t ng: constant Khai bo

const TN_H NG = gi tr ;
Truy xu t
tn_l p::TN_H NG p::TN_H seft::TN_H seft::TN_H NG // ngoi l p // trong l p
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L p trnh h ng i t ng: static member Khai bo

static $thu c_tnh
Truy xu t
tn_l p::$thu c_tnh // ngoi l p seft::$thu c_tnh // trong l p
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L p trnh h ng i t ng: static method Khai bo

static function phng_th c()
Truy xu t
tn_l p::phng_th c() // ngoi l p seft:: phng_th c() // trong l p
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L p trnh h ng i t ng: l p con

Khai bo l p con
class l p_con extends l p_cha { cc thu c tnh v phng th c } T t c cc member v method c khai bo public hay protected trong l p cha c th a k v c th s d ng trong l p con
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L p trnh h ng i t ng:
phng th c n p ch ng G i m t method l p cha
parent::phng_th parent::phng_th c()
B ng cch nh ngha l i m t phng th c c l p cha, t t c cc l i g i n phng th c ny m khng ch nh r nh trn s c hi u l g i phng th c c cng tn c a l p con
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L p trnh h ng i t ng:s ng:s

Khai bo l p tr u t ng
abstract class l p_tr u_t ng { // cc thu c tnh abstract public function phng_th c_tr u_t ng(); // cc phng th c khc }
a hnh
Khng th t o i t ng tr c ti p t l p tr u t ng L p con b t bu c ph i nh ngha cc phng th c tr u t ng c a l p cha

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L p trnh h ng i t ng: ngn k th a v n p ch ng L p khng th k th a

final class khng_th _k _th a { }
Phng th c khng th n p ch ng
final public function khng_th _n p_ch ng() { }
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L p trnh h ng i t ng: interface

Khai bo Interface
interface giao_di n { public function phng_th c(); }
Khai bo l p theo m u Interface

abstract class tn_l p implements giao_di n { } Cc l p s d ng Interface hay k th a t m t l p s d ng Interface b t bu c ph i nh ngha t t c cc phng th c trong Interface
100
12. Lp v i Tng trong PHP
101
12. Lp v i Tng trong PHP

1. Hm serialize() dng lu tr i tng, hm tr v mt chui cc byte lu thng tin ca i tng 2. Hm unserialize() dng khi phc i tng c lu gi bi hm serialize() <?php class AClass { var $a; function AClass() { } }; $ob1 = new AClass(); $ob1->a = 10; $ob1->b = 100; $ob1->c = Nguyen Ngoc Thuy Hang"; $luu = serialize($ob1); echo "$luu "; $ob2 = unserialize($luu); var_dump($ob2); ?>
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Cu hi v tho lun
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i H c S Ph m Tp.

LP TRNH WEB PHP

Chng 02: PHP C B N

4. Gi i php ci t tr n gi (WAMP, LAMP, XAMP WAMP, XAMP)

1. Gii thiu PHP Lch s

1. Gii thiu PHP PHP l g?

1. Gii thiu PHP u im

1. Gii thiu PHP u im

1. Gii thiu PHP Mt s website dng PHP

2. Hot ng ca Web Server

2. Hot ng ca Web Server

2. Hot ng ca Web Server

2. Hot ng ca Web Server

Download MySQL Database

4. Gii php trn gi

3. Ghi ch trong PHP

Cch 2 (datatype) $var Cch 3 settype($var, datatype)

isset unset empty

Phn bi t d u nhy n, d u nhy kp

5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

\n: Xu ng dng \r: tr v u dng \t: d u tab

5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

5. Kiu d liu: Kiu chui (tt)

blue, large, sphere, medium

Cu lnh if if (bi u th c i u ki n) n) kh i l nh 1 else kh i l nh 2

Cc lnh ngt lp break

<?php function small_numbers() { return array (0, 1, 2); } list($zero,$one,$two)=small_numbers(); ?>

// This calls bar()

$func = 'echoit'; $func('test'); // This calls echoit() ?>

$_REQUEST ch a thng tin nh p vo c a ng i dng $_SESSION

10. Bin tnh

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

V include() th c hi n l i g i n file php, php, do b n c th tr v gi tr t file PHP c include

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

trc trang web t t hn.

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

V phn bi t ch hoa/th ng nn include_one chn thm l n th hai

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

11. Lm vic vi tp tin v th mc

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP Khai bo l p Hm t o Ph m vi K th a Hm serialize,unserialize

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

kha khai bo:

public: public: c th s d ng bn ngoi l p private: private: ch s d ng c c b bn trong l p protected: protected: s d ng c b i cc l p k th a

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

public function __destruct() __destruct() { d nd p }

12. Lp v i tng trong PHP

L p trnh h ng i t ng: constant Khai bo

L p trnh h ng i t ng: static member Khai bo

L p trnh h ng i t ng: static method Khai bo

L p trnh h ng i t ng: l p con

L p trnh h ng i t ng:s ng:s

public function destruct() destruct() { d nd p }