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    Servlets-4-3-06

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    17 views65 pages

    Servlets 4 3 06

    Uploaded by

    ntùng_2961

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 65

    Servlets

    Ni Dung
    Gii Thiu Chng trnh servlet u tin X l cc yu cu request
    Form data HTTP request headers

    Pht sinh tr li - response


    HTTP status codes HTTP response headers

    X l cookies Session tracking

    Gii thiu Servlet


    c ni dung t client: data & header Tr li theo nh dng HTML Gi d liu n

    u im
    Hiu qu Tin li: nhiu cng c Mnh: sharing data, pooling, persistence Kh chuyn Bo mt R tin

    Trang web ng
    Ph thuc vo ngi s dng
    Mua hng trn mng

    Ni dung phi thay i lin tc


    Bn tin, d bo thi tit

    c ni dung t database hoc t web server khc


    Bo gi hng ha

    Mt s Servlet Server
    Apache Tomcat
    http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/

    Allaire/Macromedia JRun
    http://www.allaire.com/products/jrun/

    New Atlanta ServletExec


    http://www.servletexec.com/

    Gefion Software LiteWebServer


    http://www.gefionsoftware.com/LiteWebServer/

    Caucho's Resin
    http://www.caucho.com/

    Servlet n gin
    import java.io.*; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println("Hello World"); } }

    Bin dch v chy Servlets


    t CLASSPATH
    n file Servlet JAR (install_dir/lib/servlet.jar).

    Bin dch v t file dch .class ng v tr


    tomcat_install_dir/webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/classes jrun_install_dir/servers/default/default-app/ WEB-INF/classes

    Bt tag <servlet> trong file web.xml Gi chng trnh servlets


    http://host/servlet/ServletName

    Servlet Hello theo nh dng HTML


    public class HelloWWW extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String docType = "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 " + "Transitional//EN\">\n"; out.println(docType + "<HTML>\n" + "<HEAD><TITLE>Hello WWW</TITLE></HEAD>\n"+ "<BODY>\n" + "<H1>Hello WWW</H1>\n" + "</BODY></HTML>"); } }

    Hosting ln Servlet server


    http://s43.eatj.com/ free trial

    Upload chng trnh .war

    http://vtvan.s43.eatj.com/hello/hello.jsp

    The Servlet Life Cycle


    init : thc hin 1 ln duy nht service : to thread cho mi client doGet, doPost, doXxx destroy : thc hin khi shutdown servlet

    Khi ng - init
    Dng ServletConfig.getInitParameter
    ServletConfig config = getServletConfig(); message = config.getInitParameter("message");

    t tham s trong web.xml


    /WEB-INF/web.xml

    Thng c dng khi mun c d liu ti thi im init t a

    To tham s Init
    /WEB-INF/web.xml
    <web-app> <servlet> <servlet-name>ShowMsg</servlet-name> <servlet-class>cwp.ShowMessage</servlet-class> <init-param><param-name>message</param-name> <param-value>Shibboleth</param-value> </init-param> <init-param><param-name>repeats</param-name> <param-value>5</param-value> </init-param> </servlet> </web-app>

    c tham s init
    public class ShowMessage extends HttpServlet { private String message; private String defaultMessage = "No message."; private int repeats = 1; public void init() throws ServletException { ServletConfig config = getServletConfig(); message = config.getInitParameter("message"); if (message == null) { message = defaultMessage; } try { String repeatString = config.getInitParameter("repeats"); repeats = Integer.parseInt(repeatString); } catch(NumberFormatException nfe) {} }

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "The ShowMessage Servlet"; out.println(ServletUtilities.headWithTitle(title)+ "<BODY BGCOLOR=\"#FDF5E6\">\n" + "<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>" + title + "</H1>"); for(int i=0; i<repeats; i++) { out.println(message + "<BR>"); } out.println("</BODY></HTML>"); } }

    Chy chng trnh

    Chng trnh Counter


    m s ln truy cp ca ngi s dng

    X l d liu ca Form

    Form Data
    <FORM ACTION=http://host/servlet/Test> <INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME=username> <INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME=passwd> <INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE=Login> </FORM>

    http://host/path?username=abc&passwd=ia

    c tham s
    getParameter("name")
    String tmp = request.getParameter(username");

    getParameterValues("name")
    String[] tmp = request.getParameterValues(username);

    getParameterNames()
    Enumeration tmp=request.getParameterNames(); while(tmp.hasMoreElements()) { String paraName = tmp.nextElement(); out.println(paraName); }

    public class ReadParam extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "Reading Request Parameters"; out.println(<HTML> + "<BODY BGCOLOR=\"#FDF5E6\">\n" + "<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>" + title + "</H1>\n" + "<UL>\n" + " <LI><B>username</B>: " + request.getParameter(username") + "\n" + " <LI><B>param2</B>: " + request.getParameter("passwd") + "\n" + " <LI></UL>\n" + "</BODY></HTML>"); } }

    Chng trnh Login c verify

    Upload file - MIME


    <FORM ACTION="/UploadTest METHOD=POST ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data"> Name? <INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME=submitter> Which file upload? <INPUT TYPE=FILE NAME=file> <INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT> </FORM>

    import com.oreilly.servlet.MultipartRequest; ...... try { MultipartRequest multi=new MultipartRequest (req, ".", 5 * 1024 * 1024); out.println("<H3>Params:</H3>"); Enumeration params = multi.getParameterNames(); while (params.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)params.nextElement(); String value = multi.getParameter(name); out.println(name + " = " + value); }

    Enumeration files = multi.getFileNames(); while (files.hasMoreElements()) { String name = (String)files.nextElement(); String filename = multi.getFilesystemName(name); String type = multi.getContentType(name); File f = multi.getFile(name); out.println("name: " + name); out.println("filename: " + filename); out.println("type: " + type); if (f != null) { out.println("length: " + f.length()); } out.println(); }

    X l client Header

    Example HTTP 1.1 Request


    GET /search?keywords=servlets+jsp HTTP/1.1 Accept: image/gif, image/jpg, */* Accept-Encoding: gzip Connection: Keep-Alive Cookie: userID=id456578 Host: www.somebookstore.com Referer: http://www.somebookstore.com/findbooks.html User-Agent: Mozilla/4.7 [en] (Win98; U)

    c Header
    Dng hm
    getHeader getHeaders getHeaderNames getCookies getAuthType and getRemoteUser getContentLength getContentType getDateHeader getIntHeader getMethod, getRequestURI, getProtocol

    Header c bit

    Thng tin khc

    public class ShowRequestHeaders extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "Servlet Example: Showing Request Headers"; out.println(<HTML> + "<BODY BGCOLOR=\"#FDF5E6\">\n" + "<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>" + title + "</H1>\n" + "<B>Request Method: </B>" + request.getMethod() + "<BR>\n" + "<B>Request URI: </B>" + request.getRequestURI() + "<BR>\n" + "<B>Request Protocol: </B>" + request.getProtocol() + "<BR><BR>\n" +

    "<TABLE BORDER=1 ALIGN=CENTER>\n" + "<TR BGCOLOR=\"#FFAD00\">\n" + "<TH>Header Name<TH>Header Value"); Enumeration headerNames = request.getHeaderNames(); while(headerNames.hasMoreElements()) { String headerName = (String)headerNames.nextElement(); out.println("<TR><TD>" + headerName); out.println(" <TD>" + request.getHeader(headerName)); } out.println("</TABLE>\n</BODY></HTML>"); } public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doGet(request, response); } }

    Gi d liu nn
    String encodings = request.getHeader("Accept-Encoding"); String encodeFlag = request.getParameter("encoding"); PrintWriter out; String title; if ((encodings != null) && (encodings.indexOf("gzip") != -1) && !"none".equals(encodeFlag)) { title = "Page Encoded with GZip"; OutputStream out1 = response.getOutputStream(); out=new PrintWriter(new GZIPOutputStream(out1), false); response.setHeader("Content-Encoding", "gzip"); }else{ title = "Unencoded Page"; out = response.getWriter(); }

    out.println(<HTML> + "<BODY BGCOLOR=\"#FDF5E6\">\n" + "<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>" + title + "</H1>\n"); String line = "Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. " + "Yadda, yadda, yadda, yadda."; for(int i=0; i<10000; i++) { out.println(line); } out.println("</BODY></HTML>"); out.close(); }

    Kt qu
    Khng nn (28.8K modem): > 50 seconds Nn (28.8K modem): < 5 seconds

    HTTP Response

    HTTP Status Codes


    V d
    HTTP/1.1 200 OK Content-Type: text/html <!DOCTYPE ...> <HTML> ... </HTML>

    Forward client sang trang khc

    Search Engine
    ... searchString = request.getParameter("searchString"); if ((searchString == null) || (searchString.length() == 0)) { reportProblem(response, "Missing search); return; } searchString = URLEncoder.encode(searchString); String numResults = request.getParameter("numResults"); ... String searchEngine = request.getParameter("searchEngine");

    SearchSpec[] commonSpecs = SearchSpec.getCommonSpecs(); for(int i=0; i<commonSpecs.length; i++) { SearchSpec searchSpec = commonSpecs[i]; if(searchSpec.getName().equals(searchEngine)){ String url = searchSpec.makeURL(searchString,numResults); response.sendRedirect(url); return; } } reportProblem(response,Error search engine.");

    Mt s hm truy xut header


    public void setHeader(String Name, String Value) public void setDateHeader(String name, long mili) public void setIntHeader(String name, int Value) addHeader, addDateHeader, addIntHeader setContentType setContentLength addCookie sendRedirect

    Prime Numbers: Source Code


    int numPrimes = ServletUtilities.getIntParameter(request, "numPrimes", 50); int numDigits = ServletUtilities.getIntParameter(request, "numDigits", 120); // findPrimeList is synchronized PrimeList primeList = findPrimeList(primeListVector, numPrimes, numDigits); if (primeList == null) { primeList = new PrimeList(numPrimes, numDigits, true);

    synchronized(primeListVector) { if (primeListVector.size() >= maxPrimeLists) primeListVector.removeElementAt(0); primeListVector.addElement(primeList); } } Vector currentPrimes = primeList.getPrimes(); int numCurrentPrimes = currentPrimes.size(); int numPrimesRemaining = (numPrimes numCurrentPrimes); boolean isLastResult = (numPrimesRemaining == 0); if (!isLastResult) { response.setHeader("Refresh", "5"); } response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); // Show List of Primes found ...

    Prime Number

    X l Cookies

    Cookies v Advertising

    Cookies v Customize

    Gi Cookies v client
    Cch 1:
    Cookie c = new Cookie("name", "value"); c.setMaxAge(...); // Means cookie persists on disk response.addCookie(c);

    Cch 2:
    public class LongLivedCookie extends Cookie { public static final int SECONDS_PER_YEAR = 60*60*24*365; public LongLivedCookie(String name, String value) { super(name, value); setMaxAge(SECONDS_PER_YEAR); } }

    c Cookies
    Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); if (cookies != null) { for(int i=0; i<cookies.length; i++){ Cookie c = cookies[i]; if(c.getName().equals("someName")){ doSomethingWith(c); break; } } }// end if

    public class SetCookies extends HttpServlet { for(int i=0; i<3; i++) { Cookie cookie = new Cookie("Session-Cookie-" + i, "Cookie-Value-S" + i); response.addCookie(cookie); cookie = new Cookie("Persistent-Cookie-" + i, "Cookie-Value-P" + i); cookie.setMaxAge(3600); response.addCookie(cookie); } response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println(...);

    Chng trnh xem Cookie


    public class ShowCookies extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(request, response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "Active Cookies"; out.println(<HTML><BODY BGCOLOR=\"#FDF5E6\">\n" + "<H1 ALIGN=\"CENTER\">" + title + "</H1>\n" + "<TABLE BORDER=1 ALIGN=\"CENTER\">\n" + "<TR BGCOLOR=\"#FFAD00\">\n" + " <TH>Cookie Name\n" + " <TH>Cookie Value");

    Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies(); if (cookies != null) { Cookie cookie; for(int i=0; i<cookies.length; i++) { cookie = cookies[i]; out.println("<TR>\n" + "<TD>" + cookie.getName() + "\n" + "<TD>" + cookie.getValue()); } } out.println("</TABLE></BODY></HTML>"); } }

    Mt s hm Cookie khc
    getDomain/setDomain getMaxAge/setMaxAge getName/setName getPath/setPath getSecure/setSecure getValue/setValue

    Session Tracking

    Session Tracking & E-Commerce

    Session Tracking
    t vn
    Qun l shopping cart Lu li trng thi client

    Phng php
    Cookies URL-rewriting Hidden form fields

    Higher-level API needed

    Session Tracking API


    Session lu trn server Pha client c lu t ng thng qua cookies hoc URL-rewriting
    request.getSession HttpSession session = request.getSession(true); session.setAttribute lu gi tr Integer accessCount = (Integer) session.getAttribute("accessCount"); session.getAttribute c gi tr session.setAttribute("accessCount", accessCount);

    Mt s hm thng dng
    getAttribute, getValue setAttribute, putValue removeAttribute, removeValue getAttributeNames, getValueNames getId isNew getCreationTime, getLastAccessedTime get[set] MaxInactiveInterval, invalidate

    Counter trn tng Client


    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String title = "Session Tracking Example"; HttpSession session = request.getSession(true); String heading; Integer accessCount = (Integer)session.getAttribute("accessCount"); if (accessCount == null) { accessCount = new Integer(0); heading = "Welcome, Newcomer"; } else { heading = "Welcome Back"; accessCount=new Integer(accessCount.intValue()+1); } session.setAttribute("accessCount", accessCount);

    n li
    Bin dch & chy servlet init Form HTTP header Cookies Session tracking

    Xem thm
    Core Servlets and JavaServer Pages
    http://www.coreservlets.com

    More Servlets and JavaServer Pages


    http://www.moreservlets.com http://www.javavietnam.org

    Din n JavaVitnam

    Hi p ?

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