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Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy son:17.10.06. Tit 15: . Bi 8. S BIN I TUN HON CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T CC NGUYN T HO HC I. MC TIU BI HC: HS hiu: - S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ho hc - Mi lin quan gia cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t vi v tr ca chng trong BTH. T , d on tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: BTH cc nguyn t ho hc, bng cm, bng 5/T.38/sgk 2. Hc sinh: n bi BTH cc ng.t ho hc. III. PHNG PHP: Hot ng nhm, thuyt trnh, m thoi, t duy logic. IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: Tit 15 1. n nh lp: 2. Kim tra bi c: 1) Nhm l g? Hy sp xp cc nguyn t c Z=8,11,14,17 vo nhm thch hp trong BTH. 2) Xc nh v tr cc nguyn t c Z=16,20 trong BTH. Lp ngoi cng ca chng c bao nhiu electron? L nguyn t KL hay PK? 3. Bi mi : Vo bi: Theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn, cu hnh electron ng.t cc nguyn t bin i ra sao, c tun theo qui lut no khng? Tit hc hm nay s gii p cho cc em iu . HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH NI DUNG GHI BNG I. S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron ng.t ca cc ng.t Hot ng 1: - Gv ch vo bng 5 v hi: nhn xt cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t trong cng mt chu k? - Hs: tr li - Gv b sung, hng dn hs lp bng. - Gv b sung, sa sai
Nhm IA CK

I. S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t:

IIA ns2

IIIA

IVA

VA

VIA

VIIA

C/h e LNC

ns1

ns2np1 ns2np2 ns2np3 ns2np4 ns2np5

- (v bng) - Chu k: bin i t ns1 n ns2np6 lp li chu k khc mt cch tun hon s bin i tun hon VIIIA tnh cht ca cc nguyn t. ns2np6

HS quan st bng v nhn xt GV b sung, kt lun. II. Cu hnh electron nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A : 1. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A II. Cu hnh electron nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A :

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 2: - Gv: Nhn xt s electron lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t trong cng mt nhm A? - Hs: tr li - Gv: rt ra kt lun - Gv: s lin quan gia STT nhm A, s e lp ngoi cng, s e ho tr trong nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong nhm? - Hs: tr li - Gv: rt ra kt lun - Gv: nguyn t s thuc nhm no? Nguyn t p thuc nhm no? - Hs:tr li - Gv: b sung, kt lun. 1. Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A - Nhm A: cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng tng t nhau: s e LNC=STT nhm=s e ho tr cc nguyn t trong cng nhm c tnh cht tng t nhau.

- Nguyn t s thuc nhm IA, IIA

Nguyn t p thuc nhm IIIA VIIIA (tr heli) 2. Mt s nhm A tiu 2. Mt s nhm A tiu biu: biu Hot ng 3 : nhm VIIIA l nhm kh him. a)Nhm VIIIA l nhm - Gv: gthiu nhm VIIIA. kh him - Gv hi: Nhn xt s electron lp ngoi cng? - cu hnh electron LNC: - Hs:tr li ns 2 np 6 (tr He: - Gv: b sung, kt lun 1s 2 ) bn vng - Hu ht kh him khng tham gia cc phn ng ho hc (tr mt s trng hp c bit). k bnh thng, cc kh him b)Nhm IA l nhm kim u trng thi kh v phn t ch gm mt nguyn t . loi kim: Hot ng 4 : nhm IA l nhm kim loi kim. - Cu hnh electron LNC: - Gv: gthiu nhm IA. ns 1 khuynh hng - Gv hi: Nhn xt s electron lp ngoi cng? Khuynh hng nhng hay nhn bao nhiu electron? nhng 1e ho tr 1 kim loi in hnh - Hs:tr li c)Nhm VIIA l nhm - Gv: b sung, kt lun - Hs: c SGK bit dng n cht, cc phn ng thng halogen: - Cu hnh electron LNC: gp Hot ng 5 : nhm VIIA l nhm halogen. ns 2 np 5 khuynh hng - Hs: tm v c tn cc nguyn t nhm VIIA. nhn 1e ho tr 1 phi - Gv: Nhn xt s electron lp ngoi cng? kim in hnh Khuynh hng nhng hay nhn bao nhiu electron? - Hs:tr li - Gv: b sung, kt lun - Hs: c SGK bit dng n cht, cc phn ng thng gp

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4. Cng c: HS lm bi tp Bi 1 : Mnh no sau y Khng ng? A Nguyn t ca cc ng.t trong cng nhm bao gi cng c s e LNC bng nhau. B. STT nhm bng s e LNC ca nguyn t trong nhm . C. Cc ng.t trong cng nhm c tchh tng t nhau D. Trong 1 nhm, ng.t ca 2 nguyn t thuc 2 chu k lin tip hn km nhau 1 lp e. E. Tchh cc nguyn t nhm A bin i tun hon. Bi 2 : Mt ng.t chu k 4, nhm IIA ca BTH. Hi: A Nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu electron LNC? B. Ng.t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu lp electron? C. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t cng chu k, thuc 2 nhm lin tip (trc v sau) 5. Dn d: - BTVN: 1 -> 7/41 SGK - Xem bi "S bin i tun hon tnh cht ca cc nguyn t ho hc. nh lut tun hon"

V. RT KINH NGHIM:

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy:22/10/2006 Tit 16 . Bi 9. S BIN I TUN HON TNH CHT CA CC NGUYN T HO HC. NH LUT TUN HON I. MC TIU BI HC: - Bit v gii thch c s bin i m in ca mt s nguyn t trong cng mt chu k, trong mt nhm A. - Hiu c quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim trong mt chu k, trong mt nhm A (da vo bn knh nguyn t). - Rn k nng suy on s bin thin tnh cht c bn trong mt chu k, mt nhm A c th, th d s bin thin v: + m in, bn knh nguyn t. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: Hnh 2.1/trang 43 v bng 6/trang 45 2. Hc sinh: hc thuc bi c III. PHNG PHP: Trc quan, t duy logic, m thoi, hot ng nhm. IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp: 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs 1: lm bt 1,6/trang41 Hs 2: lm bt 2,7/trang41 3. Bi mi : Vo bi: nghin cu k hn quy lut bin i tun hon trong bng h thng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, hm nay chng ta s c bit thm s bin i tun hon tnh cht ca cc nguyn t ho hc trong bng h thng tun hon.. HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim Hot ng 1: Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim : - Gv gii thch tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim - Hs c SGk cng c hai khi nim ny - Gv gii thiu ranh gii gia nguyn t kim loi,phi kim trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc:phn cch bng ng cho k t bo n atatin 1.S bin i tnh cht trong mt chu k Hot ng 2: Tho lun s bin i bn knh nguyn t - Da vo hnh 2.1, cc nhm tho lun: + Trong mt chu k, trong mt nhm A bn knh nguyn t bin i nh th no? + Gii thch s bin i ? NI DUNG GHI BNG I. Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim Tnh kim loi: M = Mn+ + n.e Tnh phi kim : X + m.e = XmTit 16

1. S bin i tnh cht trong mt chu k a. Bn knh nguyn t - Trong cng mt chu k, bn knh nguyn t gim t tri sang phi - Trong cng mt nhm A, bn

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- Gv nh gi, b sung, kt lun Hot ng 3: Tho lun s bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim - Hs c th d SGK, da vo s bin i bn knh nguyn t, cc nhm tho lun: + Trong mt chu k, tnh kim loi, phi kim bin i nh th no? + Gii thch s bin i ? - Gv nh gi, b sung, kt lun 2.S bin i tnh cht trong mt nhm A Hot ng 4: Tho lun s bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim trong cng mt nhm A - Hs c th d SGK, da vo s bin i bn knh nguyn t, cc nhm tho lun: + Trong mt nhm A, tnh kim loi, phi kim bin i nh th no? + Gii thch s bin i ? - Gv nh gi, b sung, kt lun. 3. m in Hot ng 5: m in - Hs c khi nim, gv gii thch thm ln na. - Gv: da vo nh ngha cho bit m in lin quan nh th no n tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim? -Ch : ch c m in khi c lin kt ho hc - Gv gii thiu bng 6: m in ca flo ln nht c ly xc nh m in tng i ca cc nguyn t khc. - Gv: Da vo bng 6/trang 45 hy nu s bin i m in theo chu k, theo nhm A? - Hs nu quy lut, gv nhn xt b sung -Gv: Quy lut bin i m in c ph hp vi s bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim khng? - Hs t rt ra nhn xt: ph hp Hot ng 6: Gv kt lun, cng c Tnh kim loi, phi kim ca cc nguyn t bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn. 4. Cng c: 5. Dn d: knh nguyn t tng t trn xung dui - Gii thch: SGK b. Tnh kim loi, phi kim - Trong cng mt chu k, tnh kim loi yu dn, tnh phi kim mnh dn t tri sang phi. - Gii thch: SGK 2.S bin i tnh cht trong mt nhm A - Trong cng mt nhm A, tnh kim loi mnh dn, tnh phi kim yu dn t trn xung di. - Gii thch: SGK 3. m in a. Khi nim: SGK - m in cng ln th tnh phi kim cng ln v ngc li b. Bng m in: theo Pau-linh - m in flo ln nht: 3,98 - Quy lut: (SGK)

- Kt lun: (SGK)

HS lm bi tp: 1,2,4/trang 47 - BTVN: 5,7,8,9,10,11/SGK /trang 48 - Xem phn cn li ca bi.

VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy:25/10/2006 Tit 17 . Bi 9. S BIN I TUN HON TNH CHT CA CC NGUYN T HO HC. NH LUT TUN HON (tip theo) I. MC TIU BI HC: - Hiu c s bin i ho tr cao nht vi oxi v ho tr vi hiro ca cc nguyn t trong mt chu k . - Bit c s bin i tnh axit, baz ca cc oxit v hiroxit trong mt chu k, trong mt nhm A - Hiu c ni dung nh lut tun hon. - Rn k nng suy on s bin thin tnh cht c bn trong mt chu k, mt nhm A c th, th d s bin thin v: + Tnh kim loi, phi kim. + Ho tr cao nht ca nguyn t vi oxi v vi hiro. + Cng thc ho hc v tnh axit, baz ca cc oxit v hiroxit tng ng. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: bng 7, bng 8/ trang 46 2. Hc sinh: hc bi c, lm bi tp v nh. III. PHNG PHP: Trc quan, t duy logic, m thoi, hot ng nhm. IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp: 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs 1: BT 1,8,/SGK/trang 47. C gii thch Hs 2: BT 2,9/ SGK/ trang 48 3. Bi mi : Vo bi: Hm nay, chng ta tip tc nghin cu s bin i tun hon tnh cht ca cc nguyn t ho hc. HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH II. Ho tr ca cc nguyn t `` Hot ng 1: S bin i ho tr - Gv: dng bng 7, nghin cu tr li cu hi:s bin i ho tr cao nht ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht vi oxi?Ho tr trong hp cht vi hiro? - Hs: nghin cu, tr li - Gv: b sung v a ra kt lun v lu hs NI DUNG GHI BNG II. Ho tr ca cc nguyn t: - Trong mt chu k, i t tri sang phi, ho tr cao nht ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht vi oxi tng ln lt t 1 n 7, cn ho tr ca cc phi kim trong hp cht vi hiro gim t 4 n 1. Lu : Ho tr cao nht vi oxi = STT nhm Ho tr trong hp cht vi H = 8 - ho tr cao nht Tit 17

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III. Oxit v hiroxit ca cc nguyn t nhm A Hot ng 2: S bin i tnh axit-baz - Gv: hy dng bng 8 nghin cu, tr li cu hi: s bin i tnh axit-baz ca oxit v hiroxit ca cc nguyn t nhm A trong chu k 3 theo chiu Z tng dn. - Hs: tr li - Gv b sung: tnh cht c lp li cc chu k sau. - Gv: hng dn hs cch vit CT oxit, CT hiroxit IV. nh lut tun hon Hot ng 3: - Gv tng kt: da trn nhng kho st v s bin i tun hon ca cu hnh electron nguyn t, bn knh nguyn t, m in, tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t ho hc, thnh phn v tnh cht cc hp cht ca chng, ta thy tnh cht ca cc nguyn t ho hc bin i theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng, nhng khng lin tc m tun hon. -Hs: c nh lut tun hon. -Gv: yu cu hs hc thuc nh lut tun hon trong 2 pht. Kim tra, cho im cng. 4. Cng c: HS lm bi tp: III. Oxit v hiroxit ca cc nguyn t nhm A - Quy lut: SGK * Ch : n = STT nhm A - CT oxit: M2On (n: l) MOn/2 (n: chn) - CT hidroxit: M(OH)n V d: Na nhm IA: Na2O, NaOH S nhm VIA: SO3, S(OH)6 H2SO4.2H2OH2SO4 II. S bin i v ho tr ca cc nguyn t : nh lut tun hon: SGK

Cho nguyn t X c Z= 16: a) Vit cu hnh electron, xc nh v tr ca X (, nhm, chu k) b) Nu tnh cht c bn ca X: + Kim loi hay phi kim + Ho tr cao nht vi oxi, ho tr vi hiro + Cng thc oxit cao nht, cng thc hp cht vi hiro + Cng thc hiroxit. + Tnh axit-baz ca oxit, hiroxit 5. Dn d: - BTVN: 3,6,12/ trang 47,48/ SGK 2.32, 2.33/trang 17/SBT VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy:28/10/2006 Tit: 18 . Bi 10. NGHA CA BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HO HC I. MC TIU BI HC: - Hiu c mi quan h gia v tr cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon vi cu to nguyn t, tnh cht c bn ca nguyn t v ngc li. - Rn k nng: T v tr nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t. + Cu hnh electron nguyn t + Tnh cht ho hc c bn ca nguyn t + So snh tnh kim loi, phi kim ca nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: chun b cu hi, bi tp cho tit luyn tp 2. Hc sinh: hc bi c, t trng kim tra tnh hnh lm bi tp ca t bo co cho gv III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp: 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs 1: Dng bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc hy vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca cc nguyn t thuc chu k 2. Oxit no c tnh baz mnh nht, yu nht? Hs 2: Cu hi tng t vi chu k 3. 3. Bi mi : Vo bi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Quan h gia v tr ca nguyn t v cu to nguyn t ca n Hot ng 1: Cho bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong bng tun hon suy ra cu to nguyn t - Gv t vn : Bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong bng tun hon suy ra cu to nguyn t c khng? - Hs tho lun nu phng hng gii quyt: + STT nguyn t = tng s e = tng s p = Z + STT chu k = s lp electron + STT nhm A = s electron lp NI DUNG GHI BNG I. Quan h gia v tr ca nguyn t v cu to nguyn t ca n 1. Th d 1: da vo v tr ca nguyn t K trong bng tun hon hy xc nh cu to nguyn t ca n? Gii: - Nguyn t K 19, chu k 4, nhm IA 19 Z=1919e 19p Chu k 4 4 lp electron - Nhm IA c 1 electron lp ngoi cng Tit 18

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ngoi cng = s electron ho tr - Gv: da vo hy lm th d 1? - Hs: t lm - Gv: lm tng t vi cc bi tp cng loi Hot ng 2: Cho bit cu to nguyn t suy ra v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon - Gv t vn : Bit cu to nguyn t suy ra v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon c khng? - Hs tho lun nu phng hng gii quyt: + tng s e STT ca nguyn t + s lp e STT ca chu k + nguyn t s hoc p thuc nhm A + s e ngoi cng STT ca nhm - Gv: da vo hy lm th d 2? - Hs: t lm - Gv: lm tng t vi cc bi tp cng loi Hot ng 3:Gv cng c - Gv dng s cng c: 2. Th d 2: Cho cu hnh electron ca mt nguyn t l: 1s22s22p63s23p4 Xc nh v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon? Gii: - C 16e Z=16 16 - C 3 lp electron chu k 3 - C 6e lp ngoi cng, l nguyn t p nhm VIA. - l nguyn t lu hunh

V tr ca mt nt trong bng tun hon - STT ca nguyn t - STT ca chu k - STT ca nhm

Cu to nguyn t - S p, s e - S lp e -S e lp ngoi cng

II. Quan h gia v tr v tnh cht ca nguyn t Hot ng 4: - Gv t vn : bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong bng tun hon, c th suy ra nhng tnh cht ho hc c bn ca n c khng? - Hs: trnh by cch gii quyt: t v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon c th suy ra: + nguyn t l kim loi ( nhm IA, IIA, IIIA) hay phi kim( nhm VA, VIA. VIIA)? + ho tr cao nht vi oxi, ho tr vi hiro.

II. Quan h gia v tr v tnh cht ca nguyn t Th d 3: Da vo bng tun hon, nu tnh cht ho hc c bn ca S? Gii: - S nhm VIA, chu k 3, l phi kim - Ho tr cao nht trong hp cht vi oxi l 6, CT oxit cao nht l SO3. - Ho tr trong hp cht vi hiro l 2, CT hp cht vi hiro l:H2S - SO3 l oxit axit v H2SO4 l axit mnh

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+ CT oxit cao nht, CT hp cht kh vi hiro (nu c) + CT hiroxit (nu c) v tnh axit hay baz ca chng - Hs: t gii bi tp th d III. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn Hot ng 5 - Gv t vn : Da vo quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon, ta c th so snh tnh cht ho hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn c khng? - Gv: hy nu li quy lut bin i tnh kim loi, phi kim, tnh axit, baz trong cng mt chu k, mt nhm A? - Hs: t gii bi tp th d - Gv yu cu hs t gii cc BT tng t theo cch trn Hot ng 6: cng c ton bi - Quan h gia v tr ca nguyn t v cu to nguyn t - Quan h gia v tr v tnh cht ca nguyn t - So snh tnh cht ho hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn

III. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln cn Th d 4: So snh tnh cht ho hc ca P(Z=15)vi Si(Z=14) v S(Z=16); vi N(Z=14) v As(Z=33) Gii: Tnh phi kim: Si<P<S (do cng chu k 3) As<P<N (do cng nhm VA) P c tnh phi kim yu hn S, N Tnh axit: H3PO4 yu hn H2SO4 v HNO3

4. Cng c: HS lm bi tp: BT 4/SGk 5. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT trong SGK + c trc bi luyn tp v lm ht BT, tit sau gi ln bng lm bi VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

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Ngy:03/10/2006

Tit 19: Luyn tp: BNG TUN HON, S BIN I CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T V TNH CHT CA CC NGUYN T HO HC
I. MC TIU BI HC: . Cng c kin thc v: Cu to ca bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. S bin i tun hon cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc nguyn t, tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim, bn knh nguyn t, m in, ho tr v nh lut tun hon II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: chun b cu hi, bi tp cho tit luyn tp, phiu hc tp v cc bi tp lin quan 2. Hc sinh: hc bi c, t trng kim tra tnh hnh lm bi tp ca t bo co cho gv III. PHNG PHP: Hs tho lun nhm, t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp: 2. Luyn tp:
HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: Yu cu HS chn p n ng cho cc bi tp 1, 2 trong phiu hc tp - GV gi mt HS bt k ln cho p n bi tp 1,2. Sau GV cng c li 3 nguyn tc sp xp ca BTH, khng nh li s th t ca nguyn t bng s hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t Hot ng 2: HS tho lun chn p n cho cc bi tp 3, 4, 5, 6 trong phiu hc tp NI DUNG GHI BNG Cu1:Trong bng tun hon, cc nguyn t c sp xp theo nguyn tc no sau y: A. Theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn B. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thnh 1 hng C. Cc nguyn t c cng s electron ho tr trong nguyn t c xp thnh mt ct D. C A, B, C Cu 2: Gi tr no di y khng lun lun bng s th t ca nguyn t tng ng? A. S in tch ht nhn nt B. S ht proton ca nt C. S ht notron ca nt D. S ht electron ca nt

Tit 19

Cu3: Chu k l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng A. S electron B. S lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron ca lp ngoi cng Cu 4: S th t ca chu k bng A. S electron B. S lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron lp ngoi cng Cu5: Mi chu k ln lt bt u t loi nguyn t no v kt thc loi nguyn t no? Sau khi HS tho lun A. Kloi kim v halogen B. Kloi kim th v kh him xong, cc nhm cho p n C. Kloi kim v kh him D. Kloi kim th v halogen .GV gi mt HS ca mt Cu 6: Trng hp no di y khng c s tng ng gia s nhm bt k gii thch s th t ca chu k v s nguyn t ca chu k ? la chn ca nhm mnh. STT ca ck S nguyn t

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Nhn xt v cho im nhm A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 8 18 32 32

Hot ng 3: Cc nhm tip tc tho lun, lm cc bi tp 7, 8, 9,10

Ht thi gian tho lun, cc nhm cho bit s la chn ca nhm mnh. GV nhn xt v a ra p n ng cho cc bi tp. Cho im cc nhm c s la chn ng.

Cu7: Nhm nguyn t l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng: A. S electron B. s lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron lp ngoi cng Cu8: Bng tun hon c s ct, s nhm A v s nhm B tng ng bng S ct S nhm A S nhm B A. 18 8 8 B. 16 8 8 C. 18 8 10 D. 18 10 8 Cu9:. Mi nhm A v B bao gm loi nguyn t no? Nhm A Nhm B A. s v p d v f B. s v d p v f C. f v s d v p D. d v f s v p Cu10: S th t ca nhm A c xc nh bng A. S electron phn lp s. B. S electron thuc lp ngoi cng C. S electron ca hai phn lp l (n-1)d v ns D. C khi bng s electron lp ngoi cng, c khi bng s elctrron ca hai phn lp (n-1)d v ns Cu11: S bin thin tnh cht ca cc nguyn t thuc chu k sau c lp li tng t nh chu k trc l do: A. S lp li tnh cht kim loi ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc. B. S lp li tnh cht phi kim ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc. C. S lp li cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc. D. S lp li tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc Cu12: Nhng tnh cht no sau y bin thin tun hon? A. Ho tr cao nht vi oxi B. Nguyn t khi C. S electron lp ngoi cng D. S lp electron E. S electron trong nguyn t F. Thnh phn ca n cht v hp cht G. Tnh cht ca n cht v hp cht

Hot ng 4: HS suy ngh, tho lun chn p n cho cc cu 11,12 Sau khi HS cho kt qu 2 bi tp, GV nhn xt v hi HS ngoi tnh cht A v C cn c nhng tnh cht no hc cng bin i tun hon. Sau cng GV khng nh li s bin thin tnh cht ca cc nguyn t l do s lp li cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc.Yu cu HS nhc li nh lut tun hon. Hot ng 5:

Cu13: Trong mt chu k, bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t :

12

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Cc nhm tip tc tho A. Tng theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn lun chn p n cho cc B. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn cu 13, 14, 15, 16 C. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca tnh phi kim D. B v C ng Sau khi cc nhm cho p n, GV nhn xt v nhc Cu14: Cc nguyn t halogen c sp xp theo chiu bn knh li qui lut bin i ca nguyn t gim dn nh sau: m in ph hp vi qui A. I, Br, Cl, F B. F, Cl, Br, I lut bin i tnh kim loi C. I, Br, F, Cl D. Br, I, Cl, F v tnh phi kim . Cu15: Trong mt phn nhm chnh, tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t : A. Tng theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn B. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn C. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca m in D. A v C u ng Cu16: Cc nguyn t kim loi kim c sp xp theo chiu tnh kim loi tng dn nh sau Li, K, Na, Rb, Cs. B. K, Na, Li, Rb, Cs C. Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs D. Cs, Rb, K, Na, Li Cu17: Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R ng vi cng thc RO3. Nguyn t R l: A. Magie B. Nit C.Lu hunh D. Photpho Cu18: Cho 2 dy cht sau: Li2O BeO B2O3 CO2 N2O5 CH4 NH3 H2O HF Xc nh ho tr ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht vi oxi v vi hiro

A.

Hot ng 6: HS lm cc bi tp 17, 18. Gi mt HS gii thch s la chn ca mnh i vi bi tp 17, mt HS ln bng gii bi tp 18. GV lu chn ng p n bi ny cn nm qui lut bin i ho tr cao nht vi oxi v ho tr trong hp cht kh vi hiro ca phi kim. Tng ca hai ho tr ny l 8.

Hot ng 7: GV cng c tt c cc vn v dn d HS lm tt c cc bi tp cn li, tit sau tip tc n tp, tit sau na kim tra mt tit 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + c trc bi luyn tp trong SGK v lm ht BT, tit sau gi ln bng lm bi VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

13

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Phiu hc tp ( tit 19): Khoanh trn vo la chn ng nht 1.Trong bng tun hon, cc nguyn t c sp xp theo nguyn tc no sau y: A. Theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn B. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thnh 1 hng C. Cc nguyn t c cng s electron ho tr trong nguyn t c xp thnh mt ct D. C A, B, C 2.Gi tr no di y khng lun lun bng s th t ca nguyn t tng ng? A. s in tch ht nhn nguyn t B. S ht proton ca nguyn t B. S ht notron ca nguyn t C. S ht electron ca nguyn t 3. Chu k l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng A. S electron B. S lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron ca lp ngoi cng 4. S th t ca chu k bng A. S electron B. S lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron lp ngoi cng 5. Mi chu k ln lt bt u t loi nguyn t no v kt thc loi nguyn t no? A. Kim loi kim v halogen B. kim loi kim th v kh him C. kim loi kim v kh him D. kim loi kim th v halogen 6. Trng hp no di y khng c s tng ng gia s th t ca chu k v s nguyn t ca chu k ? S th t ca chu k S nguyn t A. 3 8 B. 4 18 C. 5 32 D. 6 32 7. Nhm nguyn t l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng: A. S electron B. s lp electron C. S electron ho tr D. S electron lp ngoi cng 8. Bng tun hon c s ct, s nhm A v s nhm B tng ng bng S ct S nhm A S nhm B A. 18 8 8 B. 16 8 8 C. 18 8 10 D. 18 10 8 9. Mi nhm A v B bao gm loi nguyn t no? Nhm A Nhm B A. s v p d v f B. s v d p v f C. f v s d v p D. d v f s v p 10. S th t ca nhm A c xc nh bng A. S electron phn lp s B. S electron thuc lp ngoi cng C. S electron ca hai phn lp l (n-1)d v ns D. C khi bng s electron lp ngoi cng, c khi bng s electron ca hai phn lp (n-1)d v ns 11. S bin thin tnh cht ca cc nguyn t thuc chu k sau c lp li tng t nh chu k trc l do: A. S lp li tnh cht kim loi ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc. B. S lp li tnh cht phi kim ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc.

14

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
C. S lp li cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc. D. S lp li tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc 12.Nhng tnh cht no sau y bin thin tun hon? A. Ho tr cao nht vi oxi B. Nguyn t khi C. S electron lp ngoi cng D. S lp electron E. S electron trong nguyn t F. Thnh phn ca n cht v hp cht G. Tnh cht ca n cht v hp cht 13. Trong mt chu k, bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t : A. Tng theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn B. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn C. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca tnh phi kim D. B v C ng 14. Cc nguyn t halogen c sp xp theo chiu bn knh nguyn t gim dn nh sau: A. I, Br, Cl, F B. F, Cl, Br, I C. I, Br, F, Cl D. Br, I, Cl, F 15. Trong mt phn nhm chnh, tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t : A. Tng theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn B. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn C. Gim theo chiu tng dn ca m in D. B v C u ng 16. Cc nguyn t kim loi kim c sp xp theo chiu tnh kim loi tng dn nh sau A. Li, K, Na, Rb, Cs. B. K, Na, Li, Rb, Cs C. Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs D. Cs, Rb, K, Na, Li 17. Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R ng vi cng thc RO3. Nguyn t R l: A. Magie B. Nit C.Lu hunh D. Photpho 18. Cho 2 dy cht sau: Li2O BeO B2O3 CO2 N2O5 CH4 NH3 H2O HF Xc nh ho tr ca cc nguyn t trong hp cht vi oxi v vi hiro

15

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy son 06/10/2006 Tit 20 Luyn tp: BNG TUN HON, S BIN I CU HNH ELECTRON NGUYN T V TNH CHT CA CC NGUYN T HO HC

I.MC TIU BI HC
1.Kin thc: Tip tc cng c, h thng ho tt c cc kin thc trong chng chun b tit sau kim tra 1 tit 2. K nng: Rn luyn k nng lm bi tp v mI quan h gia v tr, cu to nguyn t v tnh cht ca nguyn t II. PHNG PHP: tho lun III. CHUN B: Gio vin: Phiu hc tp Hc sinh: lm BT trong SGK v cc BT trong phiu hc tp trc IV. TIN TRNH GI HC: 1.n nh 2. Luyn tp: Hot ng1: GV t chc cho HS tho lun lm cc BT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 phiu hc tp Cu 1: S hiu nguyn t ca cc nguyn t X, A, M, Q ln lt l 6, 7, 20, 19. Nhn xt no sau y ng: A. X thuc nhm VA C. M thuc nhm IIB B. A, M thuc nhm IIA D. Q thuc nhm IA Cu 2: Cng vi nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trn, nhn xt no sau y ng: A. C 4 nguyn t trn thuc cng mt chu k B. M, Q thuc chu k 4 C. A, M thuc chu k 3 D. Q thuc chu k 3 Cu 3:Trong bng tun hon, nguyn t A c s th t 17, nguyn t A thuc : A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA C. Chu k 3, nhm VIA B. Chu k 7, nhm IIIA D. Chu ki 5, nhm IIIA Cu 4: Nguyn t chu k 4, nhm VIA c cu hnh electron ho tr l: A. 4s24p5 B. 4d45s2 2 4 C. 4s 4p D. 4s24p3 Cu 5: Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3 . Hy chn cu pht biu ng: a. S electron lp ngoi cng ca X l: A. 3 B. 2 C. 6 D. 5 b. X thuc chu k th A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 c. X thuc nhm A. IA B. VA C. IIIA D. IVA Ht thi gian tho lun, cc nhm cho bit s la chn ca nhm mnh. GV nhn xt v a ra p n ng cho cc bi tp. Cho im cc nhm c s la chn ng. Hot ng 2. HS tho lun lm cc BT 6,7 Cu 6: Da vo v tr ca nguyn t Mg (Z = 12 ) trong bng tun hon a. Hy nu cc tnh cht sau ca nguyn t : - Tnh kim loi hay tnh phi kim - Ho tr cao nht trong hp cht vi oxi

16

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Cng thc ca oxit cao nht, ca hiroxit tng ng v tnh cht ca n b. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg (Z = 12) vI Na (Z = 11) v Al (Z = 13) Cu 7: a. Da vo v tr ca nguyn t Br (Z = 35) trong BTH, hy nu cc tnh cht sau: - Tnh kim loi hay tnh phi kim - Ho tr cao nht trong hp cht vi oxi v vi hiro. - Cng thc hp cht kh ca brom vi hiro. b. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Br vi Cl ( Z = 17) v vi I (Z = 53). Ht thi gian tho lun, GV gi hai HS bt k mt nhm ln bng lm 2 bi tp . Sau cc HS cn li trong nhm b sung bi lm ca bn. Cc nhm khc nhn xt. Cui cng GV nhn xt v kt lun, cho im c nhm. Lu vi HS cn nm vng qui lut quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong mt chu k v trong mt nhm A: tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim, ho tr cao nht vi oxi, ho tr vi hiro Hot ng 3: GV hng dn HS gii cc bi tp 8,9 Cu 8: Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R l RO3, trong hp cht ca n vi hiro c 5,88% H v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t khi ca nguyn t Cu 9: Hp cht kh vi hiro ca mt nguyn t l RH4. Oxit cao nht ca n cha 53,3% oxi v khi lng. Tm nguyn t khi ca nguyn t . Sau khi HS tho lun xong, GV cho cc nhm c i din ln bng lm. Sau GV nhn xt, a ra bi gii gip HS rt ra cch gii ng Li gii BT 8: Oxit cao nht ca nguyn t l RO3, vy cng thc hp cht kh vi hiro ca n l RH2 Trong phn t RH2, c 5,88 % H v khi lng nn R c 100 5,88 = 94,12% v khi lng. Trong phn t RH2 c: 5,88% H l 2 phn khi lng 94,12% R l x phn khi lng 2.94,12 x= 32 . Nguyn t khi ca R l 32. V y R l S. 5,88 BT8 cng tng t .HS cng c th gii cch khc i vi dng BT ny Hot ng 4: GV cng HS gii cc bi tp 10, 11 Cu 10: Khi cho 0,6 g mt kim loi nhm IIA tc dng vi H 2O to ra 0,336lit kh hiro ktc. Xc nh tn kim loi . Cu 11: Ho tan 4,8g kim loi A trong dung dch HCl d thu c 4,48 lit kh (kc). Tm A. Gi HS ln bng lm. BT 10, GV hng dn HS lm BT 11 Bi gii BT 10: Gi kim loi cn tm l R. Ta c ptp: nH 2 0,336 = = 0,015mol nR = 0015mol 22,4

R + 2 H2O R(OH)2 + H2

17

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
MR = 0,6 = 40. Vy R l Ca. 0,015

Bi gii BT11: Gi x l ho tr ca kim loi A 2A + HCl 2AClx 4,48 nH 2 = = 0,2mol 22,4 2.n H 0,4 = (mol ) nA = x x 48 MA = = 12 x 0,4 x x M Kim loi Vy A l Mg. 1 12 / 2 24 Mg

+ x H2

3 36 /

Sau GV hng dn HS dng BT xc nh tn nguyn t : Z(HTTH=> tn) Mun xc nh tn nguyn t cn bit 1. nguyn t bit ho tr M 2. nguyn t cha bit ho tr, ta gi ho tr ca nguyn t l x. Vit CTTQ, hoc ptp. Tm mi lin h M = f(x). Lp bng, tm gi tr thch hp V. D N D: Lm tt c cc BT cn li, tit sau kim tra 1 tit

VI. RT KINH NGHIM :

Phiu hc tp (tit 20) : Khoanh trn vo la chn ng 1.S hiu nguyn t ca cc nguyn t X, A, M, Q ln lt l 6, 7, 20, 18. Nhn xt no sau y ng: A. X thuc nhm VA C. M thuc nhm IIB B. A, M thuc nhm IIA D. Q thuc nhm IA 2. Cng vi nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trn, nhn xa\t no sau y ng: A. C 4 nguyn t trn thuc cng mt chu k B. M, Q thuc chu k 4

18

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
C. A, M thuc chu k 3 D. Q thuc chu k 3 3. Trong bng tun hon, nguyn t A c s th t 17, nguyn t A thuc : A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA C. Chu k 3, nhm VIA B. Chu k 7, nhm IIIA D. Chu ki 5, nhm IIIA 4. Nguyn t chu k 4, nhm VIA c cu hnh electron ho tr l: A. 4s24p5 B. 4d45s2 C. 4s24p4 D. 4s24p3 2 2 5.Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s 2s 2p6 3s2 3p3 . Hy chn cu pht biu ng: a. S electron lp ngoi cng ca X l: A. 3 B. 2 C. 6 D. 5 b. X thuc chu k th A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 c. X thuc nhm A. IA B. VA C. IIIA D. IVA 6. Da vo v tr ca nguyn t Mg (Z = 12 ) trong bng tun hon a. Hy nu cc tnh cht sau ca nguyn t : -Tnh kim loi hay tnh phi kim - Ho tr cao nht trong hp cht vi oxi - Cng thc ca oxit cao nht, ca hiroxit tng ng v tnh cht ca n b. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Mg (Z = 12) vI Na (Z = 11) v Al (Z = 13) 7.a. Da vo v tr ca nguyn t Br (Z = 35) trong BTH, hy nu cc tnh cht sau: - Tnh kim loi hay tnh phi kim - Ho tr cao nht trong hp cht vi oxi v vi hiro. - Cng thc hp cht kh ca brom vi hiro. b. So snh tnh cht ho hc ca Br vI Cl ( Z = 17) v vi I (Z = 53) 8. Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R l RO 3, trong hp cht ca n vi hiro c 5,88% H v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t khi ca nguyn t 9. Hp cht kh vi hiro ca mt nguyn t l RH 4. Oxit cao nht ca n cha 53,3% oxi v khi lng. Tm nguyn t khi ca nguyn t . 10. Khi cho 0,6 g mt kim loi nhm IIA tc dng vi H 2O to ra 0,336lit kh hiro ktc. Xc nh tn kim loi . 11. Ho tan 4,8g kim loi A trong dung dch HCl d thu c 4,48 lit kh (kc). Tm A. 12. Cho 8,8g mt hn hp hai kim loi nm hai chu k lin tip nhau v thuc nhm IIIA, tc dng vi dung dch HCl d th thu c 6,72 lt kh H2 (kc). Hai kim loi l kim loi no sau y: A. Al v In B. Ga v In C. In v Pb D. Al v Ga 13. Cho nguyn t Fe 26, cu hnh electron ca Fe2+ l: A. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6 4s1 2 2 6 2 6 C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p . D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d5. 14. Mt nguyn t to hp cht kh vi hiro c cng thc RH3. Trong oxit cao nht ca R, nguyn t oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Xc nh nguyn t . A. Nit B. photpho C. lu hunh D.Cacbon 15. Nguyn t M thuc chu k 3, nhm VIIA ca bng tun hon. Cng thc oxit cao nht v cng thc hp cht vi hiro ca nguyn t M l cng thc no sau y: A. M2O3 v MH3 B. MO3 v MH2 C. M2O7 v MH D. Tt c u sai

19

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy son 0/11/2006 Tit 21: KIM TRA MT TIT I. MC TIU: - Kim tra HS kin thc chng II qua 20 cu trc nghim v mt s bi tp t lun nhm nh gi vic hc, tip thu v vn dng ca HS. II. CHUN B: GV chun b 2 kim tra (20 cu trc nghim v 3 bi tp t lun) HS : Lm tt c cc bi tp SGK, sch bi tp v bi tp GV a III. TIN TRNH: 1. n nh 2. Kim tra 3. Ni dung
1: PHN TRC NGHIM (5 im)

H tn: ...........................
IM LI PH:

Hy chn cu tr li ng nht, nh du cho (X) vo thch hp trong bng cui bi kim tra Cu 1: Nhm nguyn t l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng: A. S lp electron B. S electron C. S electron lp ngoi cng D. S electron ho tr Cu 2: Cc nguyn t xp chu k 5 c s lp electron trong nguyn t l: A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 Cu 3: Tm cu sai trong cc cu sau: A.Trong chu k, cc nguyn t c xp theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn. B. Trong chu k, cc nguyn t c xp theo chiu s hiu nguyn t tng dn. C. Nguyn t cc nguyn t trong cng chu k c s electron bng nhau. D. Chu k thng bt u l mt kim loi kim, kt thc l mt kh him ( tr chu k 1 v chu k 7 cha hon thnh) Cu 4: Trng hp no di y khng c s tng ng gia s th t ca chu k v s nguyn t ca chu k ? S th t ca chu k S nguyn t A. 2 8 B. 4 32 C. 5 18 D. 6 32

Cu 5: Trong bng tun hon, nguyn t A c s th t 19, nguyn t A thuc :


A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA C. Chu k 3, nhm VIA B. Chu k 7, nhm IIIA D. Chu ki 4,nhm IA Cu 6: Bit tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t sau gim dn: Ca > Mg > Be. Vy oxit no sau y c tnh baz yu nht: A. CaO B. MgO C. BeO D. tt c u sai Cu 7: Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R ng vi cng thc R2O5. Nguyn t l

20

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
A. Magie B. Natri C .Lu hunh D. Photpho Cu 8: Chu k l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng A. S lp electron B. S electron B. S electron ho tr D. S electron ca lp ngoi cng Cu 9: Cc nguyn t thuc cng nhm A c tnh cht ho hc tng t nhau, v v nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A c: A. S electron nh nhau B. S lp electron nh nhau C. S electron thuc lp ngoi cng nh nhau D. Cng s electron s hay p Cu 10: Gi tr no di y lun lun bng s th t ca nguyn t tng ng? A. S khi B. S ht proton ca nguyn t C. S ht notron ca nguyn t D. S ht electron ca nguyn t Cu 11: Mt nguyn t chu k 2, nhm IIIA c s electron ho tr l: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 12: m in ca nguyn t cc nguyn t N ( Z = 7), O ( Z = 8), F ( Z = 9) c xp theo chiu tng dn nh sau: A. F, O, N B. N, O, F C. O, F, N D. Tt c u sai Cu 13: Bng tun hon c s ct, s nhm A v s nhm B tng ng bng S ct S nhm A S nhm B A. 16 8 8 B. 18 8 8 C. 18 10 8 D. 18 8 8 Cu 14: Cho Na (Z = 11), Mg (Z = 12), Al (Z = 13), tnh kim loi ca ba nguyn t ny cc xp theo chiu gim dn nh sau: A. Na, Mg, Al B. Mg, Na, Al C.Al, Mg, Na D. Tt c u sai Cu 15: Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. Hy chn cu pht biu ng: a. S electron lp ngoi cng ca X l: A. 3 B. 2 C. 6 D. 5 b. X thuc chu k th A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 c. X thuc nhm A.VIA B. VA C. IIIA D. IVA

Cu 16: Nhng tnh cht no sau y bin thin tun hon?


A. Ho tr cao nht vi oxi B. Nguyn t khi C. S electron trong nguyn t D. S lp electron Cu 17: Cc nguyn t halogen c sp xp theo tnh phi kim gim dn nh sau: F, Cl, Br, I B. Br, F, Cl, I C. Br, I, Cl, F D. I, Br, Cl, F Cu 18: Mt nguyn t chu k 2, nhm VA trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t ny l: A. 1s22s22p3 B. 1s22s22p5 C. 1s22s22p4 D. 1s22s22p1 2 Cu 19: Mt nguyn t ca nguyn t R c cu hnh electron l: 1s 2s22p63s1. V tr ca R trong bng tun hon l: A. 11, chu k 1, nhm IIIA B. 11, chu k 3, nhm IA C. 10, chu k 3, nhm IA D. 11, chu k 1, nhm IIIA Cu 20: Tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t trong cng mt nhm A ging nhau v: A. Chng l cc nguyn t s v p B. C cng s electron ho tr

A.

21

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
C. C cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng tng t nhau D. B v C u ng. Cu A B C D Cu A B C 1 X 11 X 2 X 12 X 3 X 13 X 4 X 14 X 5 X 15 a.C b.C c.A 6 X 16 X 7 X 17 X 8 X 18 X 9 X 19 X 10 X 20 D

PHN T LUN (5 im) Cu 1: Mt nguyn t R c cng thc oxit cao nht l R 2O7. R cho hp cht kh vi hiro cha 2,74% v hiro v khi lng. a. Xc nh nguyn t R . b. Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t R. Cho bit R l kim loi hay phi kim Hy so snh tnh cht ho hc ca R vi F (Z = 9) v Br ( Z = 35) Cu 2: Khi cho 13,7 g mt kim loi M nhm IIA tc dng hon ton vi H2O thu c 2,24 lit kh hiro ktc a. Xc nh tn kim loi . b. Ngoi kh hiro, phn ng trn ngi ta cn thu c 60,68 ml dung dch Y c khi lng ring d = 1,03g/ml. Tnh nng % ca dung dch Y p n: Cu 1(2,5 ): a) CT oxit cao nht l R2O7 ==> CT hp cht kh vi hidro l: RH %R = 100-2,74 = 97,26%

%H 2,74 1 = = R 35,5 % R 97,26 R


Vy R l Clo b) Cu hnh electron ca Clo (Z= 17): 1s22s22p63s23p5 Clo l phi kim v c 7 electron lp ngoi cng. Tnh phi kim: F>Cl>Br v cng nhm VIIA PTP: M + 2H2O M(OH)2 + H2 0,1 mol a) M =

Cu 2(2,5 ):

2,24 = 0,1mol 22,4

m 13,7 = = 137 n 0,1

Vy M l Bari. b) mdd= V.d= 60,68.1,03= 62,5 (g)

mBa ( OH ) 2 = 0,1.(137 + 2.17) = 17,1( g )

C% =

17,1 .100% = 27,36% 62,5

22

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2-PHN TRC NGHIM (5 im)

IM

LI PH:

H tn: ........................... Lp:

Hy chn cu tr li ng nht, nh du cho (X) vo thch hp trong bng cui bi kim tra Cu 1. m in ca nguyn t cc nguyn t N ( Z = 7), O ( Z = 8), F ( Z = 9) c xp theo chiu tng dn nh sau: A. F, O, N B. N, O, F C. O, F, N D. Tt c u sai Cu 2. Cc nguyn t xp chu k 5 c s lp electron trong nguyn t l: A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8 Cu 3. Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t R ng vi cng thc R2O5. Nguyn t l A. Magie B. Natri C .Lu hunh D. Photpho Cu 4. Nhm nguyn t l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng: A. S lp electron C. S electron B. S electron lp ngoi cng D. S electron ho tr Cu 5 .Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4. Hy chn cu pht biu ng: a. S electron lp ngoi cng ca X l: A. 3 B. 2 C. 6 D. 5 b. X thuc chu k th A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5 c. X thuc nhm A.VIA B. VA C. IIIA D. IVA Cu 6. Chu k l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny c cng A. S lp electron C. S electron B. S electron ho tr D. S electron ca lp ngoi cng Cu 7. Trng hp no di y khng c s tng ng gia s th t ca chu k v s nguyn t ca chu k ? S th t ca chu k S nguyn t A. 2 8 B. 4 32 C. 5 18 D. 6 32 Cu 8. Mt nguyn t chu k 2, nhm VA trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t ny l: A. 1s22s22p3 B. 1s22s22p5 C. 1s22s22p4 D. 1s22s22p1 Cu 9. Tnh cht ho hc ca cc nguyn t trong cng mt nhm A ging nhau v: A. Chng l cc nguyn t s v p B. C cng s electron ho tr C. C cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng tng t nhau D. B v C u ng. Cu 10. Trong bng tun hon, cc nguyn t c sp xp theo nguyn tc no sau y: A. Theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn B. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thnh 1 hng C. Cc nguyn t c cng s electron ho tr trong nguyn t c xp thnh mt ct D. C A, B, C Cu 11.Gi tr no di y lun lun bng s th t ca nguyn t tng ng?

23

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
A. S in tch ht nhn nguyn t C. S ht proton ca nguyn t B. S ht ntron ca nguyn t D. S ht electron ca nguyn t Cu 12. Tm cu sai trong cc cu sau: A.Trong chu k, cc nguyn t c xp theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn. B. Trong chu k, cc nguyn t c xp theo chiu s hiu nguyn t tng dn. C. Nguyn t cc nguyn t trong cng chu k c s electron bng nhau. D.Chu k thng bt u l mt kim loi kim, kt thc l mt kh him ( tr chu k 1 v chu k 7 cha hon thnh) Cu 13. Bng tun hon c s ct, s nhm A v s nhm B tng ng bng S ct S nhm A S nhm B A. 16 8 8 B. 18 8 8 C. 18 10 8 D. 18 8 8 Cu 14. Bit tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t sau gim dn: Ca > Mg > Be. Vy oxit no sau y c tnh baz yu nht: A. CaO B. MgO C. BeO D. tt c u sai

Cu 15. Nhng tnh cht no sau y bin thin tun hon?


A. Ho tr cao nht vi oxi C. S electron trong nguyn t B. Nguyn t khi D. S lp electron

Cu 16. Trong bng tun hon, nguyn t A c s th t 19,nguyn t A thuc :


A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA C. Chu k 3, nhm VIA B. Chu k 7, nhm IIIA D. Chu ki 4,nhm IA Cu 17. Mt nguyn t chu k 2, nhm IIIA c s electron ho tr l: A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Cu 18. Mt nguyn t ca nguyn t R c cu hnh electron l: 1s22s22p63s1. V tr ca R trong bng tun hon l: A. 11, chu k 1, nhm IIIA B. 11, chu k 3, nhm IA C. 10, chu k 3, nhm IA D. 11, chu k 1, nhm IIIA Cu 19. Cc nguyn t halogen c sp xp theo tnh phi kim gim dn nh sau: F, Cl, Br, I B. Br, F, Cl, I C. Br, I, Cl, F D. I, Br, Cl, F Cu 20. Cc nguyn t thuc cng nhm A c tnh cht ho hc tng t nhau, v v nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A c: A. S electron nh nhau B. S lp electron nh nhau B. S electron thuc lp ngoi cng nh nhau D. Cng s electron s hay p Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A X X X a.C X X X X X b.C c.A B X C D Cu 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A B C X X X X X X X X X D X

A.

24

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
PHN T LUN (5 im) Cu 1: Mt nguyn t R c cng thc oxit cao nht l R 2O5. R cho hp cht kh vi hiro cha 17,65 % v hiro v khi lng. a. Xc nh nguyn t R . b. Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t R. Cho bit R l kim loi hay phi kim Hy so snh tnh cht ho hc ca R vi F (Z = 9) v Br ( Z = 35) Cu 2: Khi cho 13,7 g mt kim loi M nhm IIA tc dng hon ton vi H2O thu c 2,24 lit kh hiro ktc a. Xc nh tn kim loi . b. Ngoi kh hiro, phn ng trn ngi ta cn thu c 60,68 ml dung dch Y c khi lng ring d = 1,03g/ml. Tnh nng % ca dung dch Y p n: Cu 1(2,5): CT oxit cao nht l R2O5 ==> CT hp cht kh vi hidro l: RH3 %R = 100-17,65 = 82,35%

% H 17,65 3 = = R 14 % R 82,35 R
Vy R l Nit b) Cu hnh electron ca Nit (Z= 7): 1s22s22p3 Nit l phi kim v c 5 electron lp ngoi cng. Tnh phi kim: F>N v cng chu k 3 N>Br do m in N>Br Cu 2(2,5): ging 1

IV. RT KINH NGHIM:

25

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy:28/10/2006

CHNG 3: LIN KT HO HC
Tit 22: . Bi 12: LIN KT ION TINH TH ION I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Bit c: V sao cc nguyn t li lin kt vi nhau S to thnh ion, ion n nguyn t, ion a nguyn t. nh ngha lin kt ion. Khi nim tinh th ion, tnh cht chung ca hp cht ion. 2. K nng: - Vit cu hnh electron ca ion n nguyn t c th. - Xc nh ion n nguyn t, ion a nguyn t trong mt phn t cht c th II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: GV chun b my vi tnh, projector. - Bi ging c th son bng powerpoint km theo mt s hnh nh ng ca s di chuyn electron t nguyn t ny sang nguyn t khc tng tnh trc quan, sinh ng. - Mu tinh th NaCl ht ln, m hnh mng tinh th NaCl (hay dng file flash NaCl c sn trong cc a phn mm Ha hc). - Phim Natri tc dng vi Clo. 2. Hc sinh: n tp mt s nhm A tiu biu (bi 8) III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv
Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan ca my tnh HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. S to thnh ion, cation, anion 1. Ion, cation, anion a) S to thnh ion: Hot ng 1: Gv: V sao ni nguyn t trung ho v in? Hs: V trong nguyn t s p = s e Gv: Khi nguyn t nhng hoc nhn electron th nguyn t cn trung ho v in na khng? in tch phn cn li ca nguyn t tnh nh th no? V d: nguyn

Tit 22

GHI BNG I. S to thnh ion, cation, anion

1. Ion, cation, anion a. S to thnh ion:


V d : Nguyn t Na: s p=s e =11 11p in tch 11+ 11e in tch 11 Nguyn t Na trung ho v in

26

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
t Na? Na mt 1e: - Gv kt lun: Nguyn t trung ho v in 11p 11+ nn khi nguyn t nhng hay nhn electron th tr thnh phn t mng in 10e 10gi l ion. Phn cn li mang in tch 1+ b) S to thnh cation: Hot ng 2: b) S to thnh cation:

- Gv cho bit quy lut: Trong cc phn


ng ho hc t cu hnh electron bn ca kh him (lp ngoi cng c 8e hay 2 electron heli) nguyn t kim loi c khuynh hng nhng electron tr thnh ion dng, c gi l cation.

V d1: Li(Z= 3): 1s22s1


+
3+ 3+

- Gv phn tch lm mu: S to thnh ion


Li+ t nguyn t Li. c cu hnh ca kh him gn nht l heli(1s2), nguyn t liti d nhng 1 electron lp ngoi cng 2s1 tr thnh ion dng hay cation Li+.

Li V d 2: :

Li+

- Gv: trnh din hnh nh ng v s to


thnh ion Na+

- Hs vn dng: Vit phng trnh


nhng electron ca cc nguyn t kim loi lp ngoi cng c 1, 2, 3 electron nh Na, Mg, Al tr thnh ion dng.

Na Na+ + 1e Mg Mg2+ + 2e Al Al3+ + 3e M Mn+ + ne Vy kim loi nhng e Lu : Tn cation = cation + tn kim loi V d: Cation liti(Li+), cation natrri(Na+), cation magie(Mg2+) c) S to thnh anion:

c) S to thnh anion: Hot ng 3:

- Gv cho bit quy lut: Trong cc phn


ng ho hc t cu hnh electron 2 2 5 bn ca kh him, nguyn t phi kim V d 3: F(Z=9): 1s 2s 2p c khuynh hng nhn electron tr thnh ion m, c gi l anion.

- Gv phn tch lm mu: S to thnh ion


F- t nguyn t F. c cu hnh ca kh him gn nht l neon (1s22s22p6), nguyn t F d nhn 1 electron tr thnh ion m hay anion F-

9+

9+

F-

27

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: trnh din hnh nh ng v s to
thnh ion ClV d 4: Cl + e O + 2e X + m.e ClO2Xm-

- Hs vn dng: Vit phng trnh


nhng electron ca cc nguyn t kim loi lp ngoi cng c 1, 2, 3 electron nh K, Mg, Al tr thnh ion dng.

2. Ion n nguyn t v ion a nguyn t Hot ng 4: Ion n nguyn t Ion a nguyn t - GV yu cu HS: c SGK tm hiu v phn loi cc ion sau thnh 2 nhm ion n Mg2+, Al3+, Cl-, SO42-, NH4+, NO3-, OH- nguyn t v ion a nguyn t: Mg2+, SO42-, Ba2+, Fe2+. 3+ + 2+ 2+ Al , Cl , NH4 , NO3 , Ba , Fe . T rt - Ion n nguyn t l cc ion to nn t ra cc khi nim: mt nguyn t. Ion n nguyn t l g? - Ion a nguyn t l cc ion to nn t Ion a nguyn t l g?. hai hay nhiu nguyn t (nhm nguyn t). II. S to thnh lin kt ion Hot ng 5:

Vy phi kim nhn electron. Lu : Tn anion = ion + tn gc axit tng ng.(tr O2- gi l anion oxit) V d: ion florua(F-), ion sunfua (S2-), clorua(Cl-) 2. Ion n nguyn t v ion a nguyn t

- Trnh din th nghim t chy natri


trong kh clo.

- Gv yu cu hs nhn xt sn phm to ra Qu trnh hnh thnh phn t NaCl:


l g? Vit ptp.

- Gv t vn : NaCl c to thnh
nh th no?

1e

- Gv trnh din li s to thnh ion Na+,

Na + + Na +

Cl Cl
-

Na+

+ ClNaCl

PTP: Cl-.Vy nguyn t Na nhng 1e cho + nguyn t Cl to thnh cation Na , 2 x 1e ng thi nguyn t Cl nhn 1 electron 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl ca nguyn t Na thnh anion Cl-. Hai ion ny mang in tch tri du nn ht nhau bng lc ht tnh in, to nn Vy: Lin kt ion l lin kt c to thnh phn t NaCl. Lin kt gia cation Na+ bi lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang v anion Cl- l lin kt ion. in tch tri du. Vy lin kt ion l g?

28

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
III. Tinh th ion: Hot ng 6: 1. Tinh th NaCl: - Da vo m hnh 3.1 hy mt t mng tinh th ion?

- Gv trnh chiu m hnh ng ca tinh th


mui NaCl.

- Kt lun: NaCl trng thi rn tn ti


di dng tinh th ion. Trong mng tinh th NaCl, cc ion Na+ v Cl- c phn b lun phin u n trn cc nh hnh lp phng. Xung quanh mi ion u c 6 ion ngc du gn nhau. 1. Tnh cht chung ca hp cht ion - Gv tho lun cng hs v cc tnh cht ca tinh th mui n da vo kin thc ph thng v SGK.

1.Tinh th NaCl: (SGK) 2.Tnh cht chung ca hp cht ion: - Rt bn vng. - Kh rn, kh bay hi, kh nng chy - D tan trong nc. - Khi nng chy v ho tan trong nc chng dn in.

Hot ng 7: - Gv cng c ton bi bng cu hi: Trong phn ng ho hc, t cu hnh electron bn ca kh him nguyn t kim loi, nguyn t phi kim c khuynh hng g i vi electron lp ngoi cng ca mnh? 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT trong SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

29

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy:10/11/2006 Tit 23: . Bi 13: LIN KT CNG HO TR I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - nh ngha lin kt CHT, lin kt CHT khng phn cc (H 2, N2), lin kt CHT c cc hay phn cc (HCl, CO2) - Tnh cht chung ca cc cht c lin kt CHT 2. K nng: - Vit cng thc electron, CTCT ca mt s phn t c th II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: - GV chun b my vi tnh, projector. - Powerpoit v s hnh thnh lin kt trong cc phn t H2, N2, HCl, CO2. 2. Hc sinh: - Hc bi c III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv
Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan ca my tnh HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT 3/SGK/trang 60 Hs2: BT 4a/SGK/trang 60 Hs3: BT 6/SGK/trang 60 3. Bi mi: Vo bi:

Tit 23

- t cu hnh electron bn ca kh him gn nht trong bng HTTH, nguyn t kim loi c khuynh hng nhng electron tr thnh cation, nguyn t phi kim c khuynh hng nhn electron tr thnh anion. - Lin kt ion l lin kt c hnh thnh bi lc ht tnh in gia cc ion mang in tch tri du. - Lin kt ion thng c to nn t cc nguyn t ca cc nguyn t c tnh cht khc hn nhau l kim loi v phi kim. - t vn : Vy i vi cc nguyn t ca cng mt nguyn t hay nhng nguyn t c tnh cht gn ging nhau, chng lin kt vi nhau bng cch no? HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH GHI BNG

30

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
I. S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr 1. Lin kt CHT hnh thnh gia cc nguyn t ging nhau. S hnh thnh n cht. I. S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr 1. Lin kt CHT hnh thnh gia cc nguyn t ging nhau. S hnh thnh n cht.

a) S hnh thnh phn t hidro(H2) a) S hnh thnh phn t hidro(H2) Hot ng 1: - Gv: vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn Cu hnh electron: H(Z=1): 1s1; t , He? He(Z=2): 1s2 + So snh vi cu hnh electron ca nguyn t He l kh him gn nht th lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t H cn thiu my CTe CTCT electron? thiu 1e. + Vy, c cu hnh electron ging vi lin kt to thnh do 1 cp electron He th 2 nguyn t H phi lin kt nh th chung gi l lin kt n. no? mi nguyn t H gp 1e to thnh cp electron chung trong phn t H2.Vy mi nguyn t H c 2e lp ngoi cng, l cu hnh electron bn vng ca nguyn t kh him He. - Gv: chiu s to thnh phn t H2 b) S hnh thnh phn t nit(N2) Hot ng 2: b) S hnh thnh phn t nit(N2)

- Gv hng dn hs tho lun:

Cu hnh electron: N(Z=7): 1s22s22p3; + Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t N Ne(Z=10): 1s22s22p6 v Ne? + SS vi cu hnh electron ca nguyn t Ne, cu hnh electron ca nguyn t N cn CTe CTCT thiu my electron? thiu 3e. + Vy, c cu hnh electron ging vi Ne th 2 nguyn t N phi lin kt nh th no? lin kt to thnh do 3 cp electron mi nguyn t N gp 3e to thnh 3 chung gi l lin kt ba l lin kt bn. cp electron chung trong phn t N2.Vy mi nguyn t N u c lp ngoi cng 8 electron ging nh Ne.

lin kt ba l lin kt bn nn nhit thng kh nit km hot ng ho hc. - Gv: chiu s to thnh phn t N2

31

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 3: Khi nim v lin kt CHT

Gv hng dn hs tho lun: Lin kt CHT l lk c to nn gia hai nguyn t bng mt hay nhiu cp electron chung. Lin kt CHT khng cc l lk CHT trong cc cp electron chung khng b ht lch v pha nguyn t no.

+ Lin kt trong phn t H2, N2 l lin kt CHT. Vy lin kt CHT l g? + Nhc li th no l lk n, lin kt ba? + Th no l lk CHT khng cc?

2. Lin kt gia cc nguyn t khc nhau. S hnh thnh hp cht. a) S hnh thnh phn t hiro clorua (HCl) Hot ng 4: - GV hi: + Nguyn t H, Cl cn thiu bao nhiu electron c lp v bn? + c lp v bn ging vi kh him gn nht th lin kt trong phn t HCl c to thnh nh th no? mi nguyn t (H,Cl) gp chung 1e to thnh lk CHT. Do m in ca clo(3,16) ln hn ca hiro(2,2) nn cp electron lk b lch v pha clo, lin kt ny b phn cc + lk CHT phn cc l g? - Gv: chiu s to thnh phn t HCl b) S hnh thnh phn t kh cacbon ioxit (CO2) (c cu to phng) Hot ng 5 : - Gv: nguyn t C c 4e lp ngoi cng, nguyn t O c 6e lp ngoi cng. Trnh by s gp chung electron gia cc nguyn t to thnh phn t CO2, sao cho nguyn t C, O u c cu hnh electron bn vng ca kh him vi 8e lp ngoi cng? nguyn t C gia 2 nguyn t O, nguyn t C gp chung vi mi nguyn t O hai electron, mi nguyn t O gp chung vi 2 nguyn t C hai electron.

2. Lin kt gia cc nguyn t khc nhau. S hnh thnh hp cht. a) S hnh thnh phn t hiro clorua (HCl) Cu hnh electron: H(Z=1): 1s1 Cl(Z=17): 1s22s22p63s23p5

CTe CTCT - lk CHT c cc hay lk CHT phn cc l lk CHT trong cp electron chung b lch v pha nguyn t c m in ln hn. Ch : vit cp electron chung lch v pha nguyn t c m in ln hn V d: H :Cl b) S hnh thnh phn t kh cacbon ioxit (CO2) (c cu to phng) Cu hnh electron: C(Z=6):1s22s22p2 O(Z=8): 1s22s22p4

CTe

CTCT

32

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: chiu s to thnh phn t CO2 - Gv b sung: theo CTe, mi nguyn t u c 8e lp ngoi cng nn phn t CO2 bn vng. Phn t CO2 c 2 lk i. Lin kt gia nguyn t O v nguyn t C l phn cc nhng phn t CO2 c cu to phng nn phn t ny khng b phn cc. Hot ng 5: BTCC: Vit CTe, CTCT ca cc phn t: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT 1, 4, 6/trang 64/SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM: Cl2, CH4, PH3

33

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy: 18/11/2006 Tit:24 . Bi 13: LIN KT CNG HO TR (tip theo) I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Tnh cht chung ca cc cht c lin kt cng ho tr. - Quan h gia lin kt cng ho tr khng cc, lin kt cng ho tr c cc v lin kt ion. - Mi lin h gia m in ca 2 nguyn t v bn cht lin kt ho hc gia 2 nguyn t trong hp cht. 2. K nng: - D on c kiu lin kt ho hc c th c trong phn t gm 2 nguyn t khi bit hiu m in ca chng. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: bi ging 2. Hc sinh: hc bi c III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Vit CTe v CTCT ca cc phn t sau: Hs1: N2, CH4, HCl, Hs2: Cl2, CO2, NH3 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr 3. Tnh cht ca cc cht c lin kt cng ho tr Hot ng 1: - Gv t vn , hs tho lun tr li: + Cc cht ch c lin kt cng ho tr c th tn ti nhng trng thi no? + Cc cht nh th no th d ho tan vo nhau? GHI BNG I. S hnh thnh lin kt cng ho tr 3. Tnh cht ca cc cht c lin kt cng ho tr Tit 24

- C th tn ti c 3 trng thi: rn, lng, kh. - Cc cht c bn cht lin kt ging nhau th d ho tan vo nhau. - Ni chung, cc cht c lin kt CHT khng cc khng dn in.

II. m in v lin kt ho hc.

34

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
1. Quan h gia lin kt cng ho tr khng cc, lin kt cng ho tr c cc v lin kt ion. Hot ng 2:

- Gv t vn , hs tho lun nhm: SS rt


ra s ging nhau v khc nhau gia lin kt CHT khng cc, lin kt CHT c cc v lin kt ion?

- Hs: tr li - Gv: tng kt bng bng - Vy lin kt ion c th coi l trng hp

- Ging nhau: u c cp electron chung - Khc nhau: Lk CHT Lk CHT c Lk ion khng cc cc cp e chung cp e chung cp e gia 2 lch v 1 chung nguyn t pha ca 1 chuyn v 1 nguyn t nguyn t

ring ca lin kt CHT. 2. Hiu m in v lin kt ho hc 2. Hiu m in v lin kt ho hc Hot ng 3: - GV yu cu HS: c SGK tm hiu v Hiu m Loi lin kt cho bit ngi ta dng cch no phn in - LK CHT khng cc bit mt cch tng i cc loi lk ho 0,0 n < 0,4 0,4 n <1,7 - Lk CHT c cc. hc? - Lk ion 1,7 - K bng trong SGK vo v V d: xt phn t NaCl, HCl? - Gv: ng dng lm bi tp. NaCl: 3,16 - 0,93 = 2,23 > 1,7 lin kt ion. HCl: 3,16 2,20 = 0,96 m 0,4<0,96<1,7 lin kt CHT phn cc Hot ng 4 : Gv cng c ton b bi hc: + Th no l lin kt CHT, lin kt CHT khng cc, lin kt CHT c cc, lin kt ion? + phn loi mt cch tng i cc loi lin kt ta phi lm nh th no? 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li trong SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

35

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy: 21/11/2006 Tit:25 . Bi 14: TINH TH NGUYN T V TINH TH PHN T I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Bit c: - Khi nim tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t. - Tnh cht chung ca hp cht c cu to mng tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t . 2. K nng: - Da vo cu to loi mng tinh th ca cht, d on tnh cht vt l ca n. - So snh mng tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t, mng tinh th ion. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: photocopy hnh v tinh th nguyn t, tinh th phn t, tinh th ion lm dng dy hc. 2. Hc sinh: hc bi c III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv
Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit 25

Da vo hiu m in ca cc nguyn t, hy cho bit loi lin kt trong cc cht sau y: Hs1: AlCl3, H2S, Cl2, CaCl2, SO2 Hs2: CaS, Al2S3, H2O, Al2O3, O2 3. Bi mi:

36

HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH I. Tinh th nguyn t n Ho hc lp 10 -th nguyn tbn I. Tinh Ban c Gio 1. Tinh th nguyn t 1. Tinh th nguyn t Hot ng 1: V d: mng tinh th kim cng 4. Dn d: - Gv: da vo hnh v mng tinh th kim cng, tho lun theo cc cu hi sau: + Nguyn t cacbon c bao nhiu electron lp ngoi cng? 4e + Trong tinh th kim cng, cc nguyn t cacbon lin kt vi nhau nh th no? Mi nguyn t cacbon lin kt vi 4 Hnh: S sp xp t din ca 4 nguyn t nguyn t cacbon ln cn gn nht bng 4 C xung quanh nguyn t C trung tm cp electron chung, l 4 lin kt cng ho tr. Cc nguyn t cacbon ny nm trn - Cc nguyn t sp xp u n, theo mt trt t nht nh. 4 nh ca mt t din u. + Tinh th nguyn t c cu to nh th - nt mng: nguyn t no? - Lin kt gia cc nguyn t: CHT Tinh th nguyn t c cu to t nhng nguyn t c sp xp mt cch u n, theo mt trt t nht nh trong khng gian to thnh mt mng tinh th. cc im nt ca mng tinh th l nhng nguyn t lin kt vi nhau bng cc lin kt CHT. Hnh: Tinh th kim cng 2. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th nguyn t Hot ng 2: 2. Tnh cht chung ca tinh th nguyn t

- Gv: Hy nu cc tnh cht v ng dng


ca kim cng? Rt cng, dng lm dao ct knh, mi khoan khoan su vo lng t tm m du. - Gv: Ti sao kim cng rn nh vy? Lc lin kt CHT trong tinh th nguyn t rt ln tinh th bn vng, rt cng, nhit nng chy, nhit si kh cao. II. Tinh th phn t 1. Tinh th phn t

Lc lin kt CHT trong tinh th nguyn t rt ln tinh th bn vng, rt cng, nhit nng chy, nhit si kh cao. Kim cng c cng ln nht, l 10 n v.

II. Tinh th phn t 1. Tinh th phn t

- Hot ng 3:
- GV da vo hnh v tinh th iot v mng li nc m t: - Tinh th iot l tinh th phn t, nhit thng iot th rn vi cu trc tinh th mng li lp phng tm din. Cc phn t iot 8 nh v cc tm ca 6 mt hnh lp phng. - Tinh th nc cng l tinh th phn t.

37

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- BTVN: + BT 1,2/trang 70/SGK + BT 3.28, 3.29/ trang 24/SBT VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 23/11/2006 Tit:26 . Bi 25: HO TR V S OXI HO I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Hs bit: Ho tr ca mt nguyn t trong cc hp cht ion, trong hp cht cng ho tr; s oxi ha. 2. K nng: Vn dng: xc nh ng in ho tr, cng ho tr, s oxi ho II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: Bng tun hon 2. Hc sinh: n tp v lin kt ion, lin kt CHT III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: xc nh loi lin kt trong cc hp cht sau: NaCl, CaF2, NH3, CH4, H2O 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH I. Ha tr I. Ha tr 1. Ho tr trong hp cht ion 1. Ho tr trong hp cht ion Hot ng 1: in ha tr = in tch ion Gv nu quy tc: Trong hp cht ion, ho tr V d: ca mt nguyn t bng in tch ca ion v Hp cht To nn t in ho c gi l in ho tr ca nguyn t ion tr Gv lm mu v d SGK: NaCl Na+ Na: 1+ + NaCl l hp cht ion, to nn t Na , Cl nn Cl Cl : 1Tit 26

38

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Na c in ho tr l 1+, Cl l 1Tng t trong hp cht CaF2, Ca c in ho tr l 2+, F l 1Hs vn dng: xc nh in ho tr ca tng nguyn t trong mi hp cht ion sau: K2O, CaCl2, Al2O3 ,KBr tr li: 1+2- 2+1- 3+2- 1+1Gv gi hs nhn xt khi qut: Cc nguyn t kim loi thuc nhm IA, IIA, IIIA c 1,2,3 electron lp ngoi cng c th nhng i 1,2,3 electron, nn c in ho tr 1+, 2+,3+ Kim loi nhm IA, IIA, IIIA in ho Cc nguyn t phi kim thuc nhm VIA, tr 1+, 2+,3+ VIIA c 6,7 electron lp ngoi cng, c th Phi kim nhm VIA, VIIA in ho tr nhn thm2 hoc 1 electron vo lp ngoi 2-, 1cng, nn c in ho tr 2-,12. Ho tr trong hp cht cng ho tr 2. Ho tr trong hp cht cng ho tr Hot ng 2: Gv nu nguyn tc: Trong hp cht cng ho cng ho tr = s lin kt CHT tr, ho tr ca mt nguyn t c xc nh Th d: bng s lin kt cng ho tr ca nguyn t CTPT CTCT Cng ho nguyn t trong phn t v c gi l tr cng ho tr. NH3 N: 3 H- N- H Gv lm mu v d SGK:NH3 H: 1 H Hs vn dng: H2O, CH4 H2O H-O-H O: 2 H: 1 H CH4
H-C- H H

CaF2

Ca2+ F-

Ca: 2+ F : 1-

C: 4 H: 1

39

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. S oxi ho 1. Khi nim: 2. Quy tc xc nh: Hot ng 3: II. S oxi ho 1. Khi nim: (sgk) 2. Quy tc xc nh: Quy tc 1: SOH ca cc nguyn t trong - GV t vn : S oxi ho thng c s n cht bng 0: dng trong vic nghin cu phn ng oxi Vd: SOH ca cc nguyn t Cu, Zn, H, O, N trong phn t n cht Cu, Zn, H 2 ho-kh. O2, N2 bng 0. - Gv trnh by khi nim s oxi ho v tng Quy tc 2: Trong mt phn t, tng s nguyn tc xc nh s oxi ho km theo SOH ca cc nguyn t bng 0: th d minh ho Vd: SOH ca N trong: NH3: x + 3(+1) = 0 x = - 3 HNO2: (+1) + x + 2(-2) = 0 x = +3 Ch : SOH c vit bng s thng, du t pha trc v c t trn k hiu HNO3: (+1) + x + 3(-2) = 0 x = +5 nguyn t Quy tc 3: - SOH ca cc ion n nguyn t bng in tch ca ion Vd: SOH ca cc nguyn t cc ion Trong NO3-, HNO3 th N u c SOH l +5 K+, Ba2+, Al3+, Cl-, S2- ln lt l: Hs vn dng: xc nh SOH ca S trong +1,+2,+3, -1,-2 SO42- Trong ion a nguyn t, tng s SOH ca cc nguyn t bng in tch ca ion Vd: trong NO3-: x + 3(-2) = -1 x = +5 Quy tc 4: Trong hu ht hp cht, SOH ca H l +1, tr mt s trng hp nh hirua kim loi (NaH, CaH2). SOH ca O bng -2 tr trng hp OF2, peoxit (nh H2O2) Hot ng 4: Gv cng Hs cng c ton bi bng bng: Cng thc N N Cl-Cl H-O-H Cng thc NaCl CaCl2 Cng ho tr ca N l 3 Cl l 1 H l 1; O l 2 in ho tr ca Na l 1+; Cl l 1Ca l 2+; Cl l 1S oxi ho ca N l 0 Cl l 0 H l +1, O l -2 S oxi ho ca Na l +1; Cl l -1 Ca l +2; Cl l -1

4. Dn d: + lm tt c BT trong SGK, chun b trc cc bi tp luyn tp 1,2,3,4/SGK/trang76 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

40

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 01/12/2006 Tit 27 . Bi 16: LUYN TP: LIN KT HO HC I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: nm vng lin kt ion, lin kt cng ho tr 2. K nng: - Xc nh loi lin kt ho hc mt cch tng i da vo hiu m in - Vit phng trnh biu din s hnh thnh ion. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: kim tra 15 pht 2. Hc sinh: n tp v lm cc bi tp c giao v nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra 15 pht: 1: Hon thnh bng sau: Phn t KBr NH3 CO2 MgO NaCl Br2 2: Hon thnh bng sau: Phn t KBr PH3 SiO2 CaO KCl Cl2 Hiu m in 2,96-0,82= 2,06>1,7 Loi lin kt Lin kt ion Cu to t ion no hoc CTCT t ion: K+; Br Ho tr K: 1+;Br:1S oxi ho

Tit 27

Hiu m in 2,96-0,82= 2,06>1,7

Loi lin kt Lin kt ion

Cu to t ion no hoc CTCT t ion: K+; Br -

Ho tr K: 1+;Br: 1-

S oxi ho

K: +1;Br: -1

K:+1;Br:-1

41

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3. Bi mi: gii cc bi tp trong SGK HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: Bi tp 1 - Hs tho lun GHI BNG

- Gv gi bt k mt hc
sinh (trung bnh) ln bng gii, cho hs khc trong nhm b sung nu cha hon chnh

Na Na+ + 1e; Cl + 1e Cl[Ne]3s1 [Ne] [Ne]3s23p5 [Ar] Mg Mg2++ 2e ; S + 2e S2[Ne]3s2 [Ne] [Ne]3s23p4 [Ar] 3+ Al Al +3e ; O + 2e O2[Ne]3s23p1 [Ne] [He]2s22p4 [Ne] cu hnh e ca cc ion ging vi cu hnh e ca nguyn t kh him gn nht

Hot ng 2: Bi tp2 (lin kt ho hc) - Gv k bng tng kt ln bng

So snh Mc ch Cch hnh thnh lin kt Thn g to nn Nhn xt

Lk CHT Lk CHT c cc khng cc

Lk ion

- Hs tho lun nhm,


in vo bng

to cho mi nguyn t lp e n/c bn vng ging vi cu trc ca kh him (2e hoc 8e) Cp e chung Cp e chung b Cho v nhn khng b lch v pha electron lch nguyn t c m in ln hn gia cc gia cc nguyn gia kim loi nguyn t t phi kim khc v phi kim phi kim nhau ging nhau Lk CHT c cc l dng trung gian gia lk CHT khng cc v lk ion

- Gv gi mt hs ln bng
trnh by li gii ca nhm, ly im c nhm.

Hot ng 3: ( m Bi tp3: in v hiu m in) Phn t Bi tp 3: nhc li cch Na2O d on loi lin kt ho hc da vo hiu m MgO Al2O3 in. SiO2 P2O5 SO3 Cl2O7

Hiu m in 2,51 2,13 1,83 1,54 1,25 0,86 0,28

Lin kt Ion Ion Ion CHT c cc CHT c cc CHT c cc CHT khng cc

42

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Bi tp 4: nhn xt tnh Bi tp 4: a) F O Cl phi kim v phn cc Nguyn t 3,44 3,16 ca cc phn t da vo m in 3,98 NX: Tnh phi kim gim dn m in H b) CTCT: H - N - H H - C - H N N
H

N 3,04
H - O - H

N2 CH4 NH3 H2O Hiu m in 0 0,35 0,84 1,24 phn t N2, CH4 c lin kt CHT khng phn cc Phn t c lin kt phn cc mnh nht trong dy l H2O 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li trong SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

43

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 25/11/2006 Tit 28 . Bi 16: LUYN TP: LIN KT HO HC I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: nm vng: - S hnh thnh mt s loi phn t; c im cu trc v lin kt ca ba loi tinh th 2. K nng: - Xc nh ho tr v s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t trong n cht v hp cht II. CHUN B : Hc sinh: lm BT trc nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn ; hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: Bi tp 5 Nguyn t ca mt nguyn t c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p3. Xc nh v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon, suy ra cng thc phn t ca hp cht vi hiro. Vit cng thc electron v cng thc cu to ca hp cht . Gv: khi lm bi phi c gii thch Hs: tho lun nhm Gv: gi bt k mt hs lm, hs khc b sung (nu cn) ly im c nhm. GHI BNG Bi tp 5: Tng s electron l 7 s 7 C 2 lp electron nguyn t chu k 2 Nguyn t p, c 5e lp ngoi cng thuc nhm VA. l nit. CTPT ca hp cht kh vi hiro l NH3. CT electron v CTCT ca phn t: .. H- N - H H:N:H .. H Tit 28

Hot ng 2: Bi tp 6: Bi tp 6: a) Ly th d v tinh th ion, tinh th a) Tinh th ion: CsBr; CsCl; NaCl; MgO nguyn t, tinh th phn t Tinh th nguyn t: Kim cng b) So snh nhit nng chy ca cc Tinh th phn t: bng phin, iot, nc loi tinh th . Gii thch. , cacbon ioxit. c) Tinh th no dn in dc trng b) So snh nhit nng chy ca ba loi thi rn? Tinh th no dn in c tinh th: khi nng chy v khi ho tan trong nc? - Lc ht tnh in gia cc ion ngc du Gv cho hs tho lun v ng ti ch c ln nn tinh th ion rt bn vng. Cc hp kt qu tho lun. Gv nhn xt, b sung, cht ion u kh rn, kh nng chy, kh cho im nhm bay hi.

44

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Lc lin kt cng ho tr trong tinh th nguyn t rt ln, v vy tinh th nguyn t u bn vng, kh cng, kh nng chy, kh bay hi. - Tinh th phn t, cc phn t ht nhau bng lc tng tc yu gia cc phn t. V vy, tinh th phn t d nng chy, d bay hi. c) Khng tinh th no dn in c trng thi rn. Tinh th ion dn in c khi nng chy v khi ho tan trong nc. Hot ng 3: Bi tp 7 (in ho tr) Xc nh in ho tr ca cc nguyn t nhm VIA, VIIA trong cc hp cht vi cc nguyn t nhm IA? C gii thch. - Gv gi : Cc nguyn t nhm IA, VIA, VIIA c bao nhiu electron lp ngoi cng? Chng c xu hng g? C th to thnh nhng ion no? Hot ng 4 : (ho tr cao nht vi oxi v ho tr vi hiro) Bi tp 8: Bi tp7: - Cc nguyn t nhm IA c th nhng 1e in ho tr l 1+ - Cc nguyn t ngm VIA c th nhn 2e in ho tr l 2- Cc nguyn t nhm VIIA c th nhn 1e in ho tr l 1Bi tp 8: a) Nhng nguyn t c cng ho tr trong oxit cao nht:

a) Da vo v tr ca cc nguyn t trong

RO2 R2O5 RO3 R2O7 bng tun hon hy nu r trong cc Si, C P, N S, Se Cl, Br nguyn t sau y nhng nguyn t no c cng cng ho tr trong cng thc b) Nhng nguyn t c cng ho tr trong ho hc cc oxit cao nht: Si, P, Cl, S, hp cht kh vi hidro: C, N, Se, Br. RH4 RH3 RH2 RH b) Nhng nguyn t no sau y c cng N,P,As S, Te F,Cl cng ho tr trong cng thc ho hc Si ca cc hp cht kh vi hiro? P, S, F, Bi tp 9: Si, Cl, N, As. a) Mn:+7; Cr:+6; Cl:+5; P:+5 Bi tp 9: Xc nh s oxi ho ca Mn, Cr, Cl, P, N, b) N:+5; S:+6; C:+4; Br:-1; N:-3 S, C, Br: a) Trong phn t: KMnO4, Na2Cr2O7, KClO3, H3PO4 b) Trong ion: NO3-, SO42-, CO32- Br-, NH4+ 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + n li tt c BT gii VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

45

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
CHNG 4: PHN NG OXI HO - KH
Ngy 11/12/2006 Tit 29 . Bi 17: PHN NG OXI HO -KH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Hiu c th no l cht oxi ho, cht kh, s oxi ho, s kh, l phn ng oxi ho - kh - Du hiu nhn bit phn ng oxi ho - kh 2. K nng: - Xc nh c cht oxi ho, cht kh, s oxi ho, s kh trong phn ng oxi ho - kh c th - Nhn bit c phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho - kh II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: mt s bi tp cng c 2. Hc sinh: xem k li phn xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t trong cc cht c th III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs m thoi cng gv gii quyt vn IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. nh ngha 1. Hnh thnh quan nim mi v s oxi ho Hot ng 1: - Gv: nhc li nh ngha s oxi ho lp 8? s tc dng ca oxi vi mt cht l s oxi ho GHI BNG I. nh ngha 1.S oxi ho
0 0 +2 -2

Tit 29

V d 1: 2Mg + O2 2MgO

(1)

- Gv: xc nh s oxi ho ca magie v oxi Mg Mg + 2e: s oxi ha Mg (qu trnh trc v sau phn ng? oxi ho Mg) - Gv: Nhn xt s thay i s oxi ho ca magie, magie nhng hay nhn bao nhiu electron ? tng t 0 n +2 nhng N: s oxi ho l s nhng electron 2e. - Gv: a ra nh ngha mi 2. Hnh thnh quan nim mi v s kh Hot ng 2: - Gv: nhc li nh ngha s kh lp 8? - Gv: xc nh s oxi ho ca ng trc 2. S kh
+2 -2 0 0 +1 -2

+2

V d 2: CuO + H2 Cu + H2O (2)

46

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
v sau phn ng?
+2 0 +2

- Gv: Nhn xt s thay i s oxi ho ca Cu + ng? trnh kh) gim t +2 n 0 nhn 2e - Gv: a ra nh ngha mi 3. Hnh thnh quan nim mi v cht kh, cht oxi ho Hot ng 3: - Nhc li quan nim c. Dng cc v d trn phn tch cht oxi ho, cht kh - Gv: nu nh ngha

2e Cu: s kh Mg (qu

N: s kh l s thu electron 3. Cht kh, cht oxi ho V d 1: Mg: cht kh; O2 : cht oxi ho V d 2: CuO: cht oxi ho; H2: cht kh N: - cht kh (cht b oxi ho) l cht nhng electron - cht oxi ho (cht b kh) l cht thu electron

4. Hnh thnh quan nim mi v phn 4. Phn ng oxi ho - kh ng oxi ho - kh V d 3: 0 0 +1 -1 Hot ng 4 : 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl (3) - Cc phn ng khng c oxi tham gia: cht kh cht oxi ho - Hy xc nh cht kh, cht oxi ho trong cc v d sau? V d 4: 0 0 +1 -1 - Gv nhn xt: Phn ng (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), u c chung bn cht, l s chuyn electron gia cc cht tham gia phn ng, chng u l phn ng oxi ho -kh . - Gv yu cu hs: hy nh ngha th no l phn ng oxi ho - kh? - Lu : trong phn ng oxi ho - kh, s oxi ho v s kh xy ra ng thi. Do , trong phn ng oxi ho - kh bao gi cng c cht oxi ho v cht kh tham gia. H2 cht kh V d 5:
-3 +5

Cl2

2HCl

(4)

cht oxi ho
+1

NH4NO3 N2O +

2H2O (5)

NH4NO3 va l cht oxi ho, va l cht kh N: Phn ng oxi ho - kh l phn ng ho hc trong c s thay i s oxi ho ca mt s nguyn t

Hot ng 5: lm bi tp cng c Phn ng no sau y l phn ng oxi ho - kh? Xc nh cht oxi ho, cht kh? Ghi qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh kh? 1) 4P + 5O2 2P2O5 3) CaCO3 CaO + CO2 2) Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2 4) 2HgO 2Hg + O2 5) 2NH3 + 3CuO 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT 1,2,3,4,5,6 trong SGK /trang 83 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

47

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 11/12/2006: Tit 30 . Bi 17: PHN NG OXI HO -KH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Nm c cc bc lp phng trnh phn ng oxi ho - kh, ngha ca phn ng oxi ho - kh trong thc tin 2. K nng: lp c phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng oxi ho - kh theo phng php thng bng electron II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: chun b mt s bi tp cng c 2. Hc sinh: n tp k kin thc bi trc, lm y cc bi tp v nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn , hng dn gii mt s v d - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii cc bi tp khc di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Xc nh cht oxi ho, cht kh, vit qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh kh trong cc phn ng oxi ho - kh sau. Hs1: 1) 4NH3 + 5O2 4NO + 6H2O 2) 2Cu(NO3)2 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2 Hs2: 1) 2NH3 + 3Cl2 N2 + 6HCl 2) Hg(NO3)2 Hg 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH II. Lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho II. Lp PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh: - kh theo phng php thng bng electron Hot ng 1: - da theo nguyn tc: - Gv lm mt s v d v ging gii tng s e cht kh cho=tng s e cht oxi ho theo tng bc hc sinh nm r 4 nhn Th d 1: bc. - Hy xc nh s oxi ho ca cc P + O2 P2O5 nguyn t, xc nh cht kh, cht oxi Bc 1: xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t ho, ghi qu trnh kh, qu trnh oxi trong phn ng tm ra cht oxi ho, cht kh ho? 0 0 +5 -2 P + O2 P2O5 - s e cht kh cho=s e cht oxi cht kh cht oxi ho ho nhn th ta cn nhn qu trnh kh, Bc 2,3: vit qu trnh oxi ho v qu trnh + 2NO2 + O2 Tit 30

48

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
qu trnh oxi ho cho bao nhiu? kh - tm h s thch hp.
0 +5

bi s chung nh nht l 20, chia P P + 5e (qu trnh oxi ho ) cho 5e ca qu trnh oxi ho ta c h s x 4 4, chia cho 4e ca qu trnh kh ta c 0 -2 h s in cc h s vo phng x 5 O + 4e 2O (qu trnh kh) trnh Bc 4: t h s ca cht oxi ho v cht kh vo phn ng, kim tra cn bng s nguyn t ca cc nguyn t v cn bng in tch hai v: 4P + 5O2 2P2O5 Th d 2: Hng dn hs cch vit gp cc bc
+3 -2 +2 -2 0 +4 -2

Fe2O3 + 3CO
+3

Fe
0

+ 3CO2

x 2 Fe + 3e
+2

+4

Fe (qu trnh kh) C + 2e (qu trnh oxi ho)

x3 Hot ng 2:bi tp cng c: Cn bng cc phn ng sau bng phng php thng bng electron: 1)NH3 + O2 NO + H2O 2)NH3 + Cl2 N2 + HCl 3) HNO3+ Cu Cu(NO3)2+NO+ H2O 4) HNO3+ Cu Cu(NO3)2+NO2+ H2O 5)HNO3 + H2SS + NO+ H2O 6) NH3 + CuO Cu + N2 + H2O 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li + BT 7,8/trang 83/SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

49

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 15/12/2006 Tit 31 . Bi 18: PHN LOI PHN NG TRONG HO HC V C I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: hiu c: cc phn ng ho hc c chia thnh 2 loi l phn ng oxi ho -kh v phn ng khng phi l oxi ho -kh 2. K nng: nhn bit mt phn ng ho hc thuc loi phn ng oxi ho - kh da vo s thay i s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t II. CHUN B : Gio vin: yu cu hs n tp trc cc nh ngha phn ng ho hp, phn ng phn hu, phn ng th, phn ng trao i c hc THCS III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: 7a/SGK/trang 83 Hs2: 7b/SGK/trang 83 Hs3: 7c /SGK/trang 83 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Phn ng c s thay i s oxi ho v phn ng khng c s thay i s oxi ho 1. Phn ng ho hp: Hot ng 1: - n phn ng ho hp? - Xt cc v d sau: phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho - kh? - T cc th d trn gv rt ra kt lun? GHI BNG Tit 31

I. Phn ng c s thay i s oxi ho v phn ng khng c s thay i s oxi ho 1. Phn ng ho hp: a) Th d 1: 0 0 -3 +1 3H2 + N2 2NH3 cht kh cht oxi ho l phn ng oxi ho - kh b) Th d 2: +2 -2 +4 -2 +2 +4 -2 CaO + CO2 CaCO3 khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh Kt lun: Trong phn ng ho hp, s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t c th thay i hoc khng thay i
0 +4 -2 0

2. Phn ng phn hu 2. Phn ng phn hu Hot ng 2: a) Th d 1: +1 +5 -2 - n phn ng phn

50

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
hu? 2AgNO3 2Ag + 2NO2 + O2 - Xt cc v d sau: phn AgNO3: va l cht oxi ho, va l cht kh ng no l phn ng oxi l phn ng oxi ho - kh ho - kh? b) Th d 2: +2 +4 -2 +2 -2 +4 -2 CaCO3 CaO + CO2 khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh - T cc th d trn rt Kt lun: Trong phn ng phn hu, s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t c th thay i hoc khng thay i ra kt lun? 3. Phn ng th 3. Phn ng th Hot ng 3: a) Th d 1: - n phn ng th? 0 +2 +2 0 - Xt cc v d sau: phn Mg + Cu(NO3)2 Mg(NO3)2 + Cu ng no l phn ng oxi cht kh cht oxi ho ho - kh? l phn ng oxi ho - kh b) Th d 2: 0 +1 +2 0 Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 cht kh cht oxi ho l phn ng oxi ho - kh - T cc th d trn rt Kt lun: Trong ho hc v c, phn ng th bao gi cng c ra kt lun? s thay i s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t 4. Phn ng trao i 4. Phn ng trao i Hot ng 4 : a) Th d 1: - n phn ng trao i? +2 -1 +1 +6 -2 +2 +6 -2 +1 -1 - Xt cc v d sau: phn BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaCl ng no l phn ng oxi khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh ho - kh? b) Th d 2:
+1 -2 +1 +2 -1 +2 -2 +1 +1 -1

- T cc th d trn gv Kt lun: Trong phn ng trao i, s oxi ho ca cc nguyn rt ra kt lun t khng thay i

2KOH + MgCl2 Mg(OH)2 + 2KCl khng phi l phn ng oxi ho - kh

51

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. Kt

lun II. Kt lun Hot ng 5: - Gv: Vic chia p thnh cc loi p ho hp, p phn hu, p th, p trao i l da vo c s no? Da vo s lng cht tham gia v cht to thnh sau phn ng - Gv: Nu ly s oxi ho lm c s th c th chia p ho hc thnh my loi? - Gv b sung: cch phn loi ny thc cht hn Hot ng 6: cng c: Lm bi tp 2,3,4 trong SGK 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li trong SGK + chun b tit sau luyn tp: xem li l thuyt trong chng VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

52

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 17/12/2006 Tit32: . Bi 19: LUYN TP: PHN NG OXI HO KH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Nm vng cc khi nim: s kh, s oxi ho cht kh, cht oxi ho, phn ng oxi ho - kh. - Hs vn dng: nhn bit phn ng oxi ho - kh, phn loi phn ng ho hc 2. K nng: - Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t - Nhn bit phn ng oxi ho - kh, s oxi ho, s kh. II. CHUN B : Gio vin: yu cu hs n tp trc phn l thuyt III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp: A. Kin thc cn nm vng: Hot ng 1: Gv nu h thng cu hi: Tit 32

S oxi ho l g? S kh l g? Cht oxi ho l g? Cht kh l g? Phn ng oxi ho - kh l g? Du hiu no gip ta nhn bit phn ng oxi ho - kh? Da vo s oxi ho, ngi ta chia phn ng thnh my loi? Gv nhc hs ch n tnh hai mt ca phn ng oxi ho - kh v xem xt qu trnh oxi ho -kh trn c s s tng gim s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t (vi gi s cht kh nhng hn electron sang cht oxi ho). B. Bi tp Hot ng2: hs tho lun, gv gi tr li, gv nhn xt cho im nhm, b sung, lu mc ch ca bi tp S dng cc bi tp trong SGK

Bi 1: D Bi 2: C Bi 3: D

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Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Cng c v phn loi phn ng. Bi 4: Cu ng: a,c Cu sai:b,d Cng c du hiu nhn bit s oxi ho, s kh, cht oxi ho, cht kh. Bi 5: Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t Bi 6: a) s oxi ho Cu v s kh Ag trong AgNO3 b) S oxi ho Fe v s kh Cu trong CuSO4 c) S oxi ho Na v s kh H trong H2O Yu cu Hs vit qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh kh. 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li trong SGK, tit sau luyn tp tip theo. VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

54

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy 21/12/2006 Tit 33 . Bi 19: LUYN TP: PHN NG OXI HO -KH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: hs vn dng cn bng phn ng oxi ho - kh, phn loi phn ng ho hc. 2. K nng: - Cng c v pht trin k nng cn bng PTHH ca phn ng oxi ho - kh bng phng php thng bng electron. - Nhn bit phn ng oxi ho kh, cht oxi ho, cht kh, cht to mi trng cho p. - Rn k nng gii cc bi tp c tnh ton n gin v phn ng oxi ho - kh. II. CHUN B : Hc sinh: chun b trc cc bi tp nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp Hng dn tr li: - Bi 7: a) Cht oxi ho l O2, cht kh l H2
+5 -2

Tit 33

b) Cht oxi ho l N, cht kh l O (u trong phn t KNO 3KNO3 va l cht kh, va l cht oxi ho)
+3 -3

c) Cht oxi ho l N, cht kh l N (NH4NO2 va l cht kh, va l cht oxi ho). d) Cht oxi ho l Fe (trong Fe2O3), cht kh l Al - Bi 8: gii tng t bi 7 - Bi 9: a) 8Al + 3Fe3O4 4Al2O3 + 9Fe
0 +3

4x 3x

2Al 2Al +6e


+1 +3

3Fe + 8e 3Fe

b) 10FeSO4 + 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 +2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O


+2 +3

5x 2x

2Fe
+7

2Fe + 2e
+2

Mn + 5e Mn

55

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
c) 4FeS2 +11 O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
+2 +3

2x

2Fe 2Fe + 2e
-1 +4

4S
0

4S + 20e
-2

11x 2O + 4e 2O d) 2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2


+5 -1

2x

Cl
-2

6e Cl
0

1x 6O 6O + 12e e) 3Cl2 + 6KOH 5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O


0 -1

5x

Cl +1e Cl
0 +5

1x Cl Cl +5e - Bi 10: C th iu ch MgCl2 bng cc phn ng sau: t0 - Phn ng ho hp: Mg + Cl2 MgCl2 - Phn ng th: Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2

- Phn ng trao i: BaCl2 + MgSO4 MgCl2 + BaSO4 - Bi 11: c 2 phn ng xy ra: t0 CuO + H2 MnO2 Cu + H2O t0 + 4HCl (c) MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

- Bi 12: n(FeSO4.7H2O) = n(FeSO4) = 1,39/278 = 0,005 (mol) PTP: 10FeSO4+ 2KMnO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4+ 8H2O 0,005mol 0,001mol n(KMnO4) = 0,001(mol) V(ddKMnO4) = 0,001/0,1 = 0,01 lit 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT 4.23, 4.24, 4.26, 4.27, 4.29, 4.30 trong SBT/ trang 34 - c trc bi th nghim. Ghi dng c, ho cht cn dng, d on hin tng, vit ptp xy ra. Np bi chun b trc khi vo phng th nghim.

56

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 22/12/2006 Tit 34 . Bi20: BI THC HNH S 1

PHN NG OXI HO - KH
I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Bit c: Mc ch, cc bc tin hnh, k thut thc hin ca cc TN - Phn ng gia kim loi vi dung dch axit, dung dch mui - Phn ng oxi ho - kh trong mi trng axit 2. K nng: rn luyn k nng thc hnh th nghim ho hc: lm vic vi dng c, ho cht; Quan st cc hin tng ho hc xy ra; Vit tng trnh TN II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: - Kim tra dng c ho cht trc khi tin hnh TN (theo v TN) 2. Hc sinh: - n tp v phn ng oxi ho - kh - Nghin cu trc nm dng c, ho cht, cch lm th nghim III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh (theo t) t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp v th nghim gii quyt vn

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp, thu bi chun b 2. Thc hnh: Hot ng 1: Gv nu yu cu:

Tit 34

Cc hs trong t u phi lm th nghim.


Khi lm th nghim, hs phi ng, cc hs khc phi quan st, ghi li hin tng hon thnh bo co c nhn trong v thc hnh. T c mt hs ghi bo co cho t, np vo cui bui thc hnh. V th nghim np vo tit tip theo. c k hng dn trong v th nghim, i vi mi th nghim ch ly nhng ho cht cn thit ra khi khay. Gv hng dn hs lm th nghim: Nu nhng th nghim thc hin trong bi thc hnh, nhng iu cn ch khi thc hin tng th nghim. Biu din cho hs xem ng tc nh tng git KMnO4 vo ng nghim cha dung dch H2SO4, FeSO4. Hot ng 2: Th nghim 1: Phn ng gia kim loi v dung dch axit Cch tin hnh: Thc hin phn ng nh hng dn trong v th nghim

57

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Lu : + Nn dng dung dch H2SO4 khong 15%, c th tit kim ho cht bng cch lm th nghim vi lng nh trong hm s. Quan st hin tng xy ra v gii thch: - Hin tng: c bt kh hiro ni ln - Hs vit PTHH ca phn ng:
0 +1 +2 0

Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2 Gv hi: - Da vo s oxi ho, xc nh vai tr cc cht? Hot ng 3: Th nghim 2: Phn ng gia kim loi v dung dch mui Cch tin hnh: Thc hin phn ng nh hng dn trong v th nghim Lu : Dng inh st nh hoc on dy st di khong 2cm, nh sch Quan st hin tng xy ra v gii thch:

Hin tng: lp kim loi ng c gii phng ph trn b mt inh (hoc dy) st. Mu xanh ca dung dch CuSO4 nht dn Hs vit PTHH ca phn ng:
+2 0 +2 0

CuSO4

+ Fe

FeSO4 + Cu

Hot ng 4: Th nghim 3: Phn ng oxi ho - kh trong mi trng axit Cch tin hnh: Thc hin phn ng nh hng dn trong v th nghim Lu : Hs dng ng nh git nh tng git dung dch KMnO 4 vo ng nghim ng hn hp dung dch FeSO4 v H2SO4, lc ng nghim nh v u Quan st hin tng xy ra v gii thch: - Hin tng: mu tm ca dung dch KMnO4 s mt dn i khi nh tng git dung dch ny vo hn hp dung dch FeSO 4 v H2SO4. n khi mu tm ca KMnO4 khng nht i th dng khng nh tip KMnO4 na Hs vit PTHH ca phn ng:
+7 +2 +3 +2

2KMnO4 + 10FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O Hot ng 5: Cng vic sau bui thc hnh - Gv: + Nhn xt ng gi bui thc hnh + Nhc hs vit bn tng trnh - Hs: thu dn dng c, ho cht, v sinh phng th nghim, lp hc - Gv: kim tra, cho im VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

58

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy 23/12/2006 Tit 35: N TP HC K I I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: n tp ni dung kin thc ca hc k I, chun b cho kim tra hc k I 2. K nng: rn luyn k nng gii ton II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: - Chun b ni dung n tp pht trc cho hc sinh chun b. 2. Hc sinh: - n tp ton b ni dung kin thc thng qua cc bi hc, cc phiu hc tp pht v phiu n tp hc k III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: Tit 35 MT S CU HI N TP HC K I (Ch : Hc sinh xem li cc t n tp chng I,II, ni dung l thuyt v bi tp SGK, SBT 10) 1. in vo khong trng trong bng di y: KHNT THN S thn S khi S p S n S e 1 1H 30 26 92+ 143 63 29 2. in vo khong trng trong bng di y: Nt c/h e n/c S lp e S e lp Chu Loi nt n/c k/nhm s,p../kl,pk Z = 35 2s22p1 3p2 3.a) Cc ion A2+, B+, X-, Y2- c cu hnh e ging vi Ar (Z=18) . Vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t A,B,X,Y b) Cu hnh e 1s22s22p6 c th l ca nguyn t hay ion no? 4. Cc pht biu sau NG hay SAI A.Cu hnh e ca Cu v Cu2+ ln lt l : 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 3d10.v 1s22s22p63s23p63d9. B.Theo quy tc bt t th cu trc bn l cu trc ging nh kh him Ne C.Trong phn ng oxh-kh th HCl ch th hin tnh kh D.Trong phn ng oxh-kh th N+5 trong HNO3 ch th hin tnh oxh. E.S oxh ca oxi trong cc cht sau: Al2O3, H2O2, F2O, O2 ln lt l: -2, -1, +2 , -2 F.Khi 1 cht oxi ho tip xc vi 1 cht kh phi xy ra phn ng oxi ho-kh G.Mt cht ch c th th hin tnh oxi ho hoc ch c th th hin tnh kh. H.S oxi ho ca 1 nguyn t bao gi cng l 1 s nguyn dng. I. S oxi ho lun trng vi ha tr

59

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
J.trong cc phn ng ha hc kim loi ch th hin tnh kh v khng c s oxh m. K.Phn ng phn hy lun lun l phn ng oxi ho-kh 1 19,9265.1027 5.Theo nh ngha: 1u = mC = kg = 1,6605.10-27kg. 12 12 a) Hy tnh khi lng cc ht proton, n, e theo n v u. Bit m e = 9,1094.10-31kg, mn = 1,6748.10-27kg, mp = 1,6727.10-27kg b) Tnh khi lng nguyn t ng v O-16 theo n v nguyn t lng u c) Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht c bn l 34. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 10. -Tm s ht mi loi -Tnh khi lng nguyn t X ra n v u, kg 6.Clo t nhin l hn hp ca 2 ng v: 35 Cl c nguyn t khi l 34,97; 37Cl c nguyn t khi l 36,97. Bit ng v 35Cl chim 75,77%. Tnh nguyn t khi trung bnh ca clo t nhin. 7. Tnh hm lng % v s nguyn t mi loi ng v ca cc nguyn t Cu v Br, bit rng: a) ng t nhin (Cu = 63,54) gm 2 ng v 63Cu v 65Cu b) Brom t nhin (Br = 79,92) gm 2 ng v 79Br v 81Br 8. Da vo kt qu cu 6 hy cho bit a) Trong 19,062g Cu c bao nhiu nguyn t ca mi loi ng v b) Tnh % s nguyn t ca ng v 79Br trong HBr cho H = 1 14 9.a)Khi cho ht nhn 4 He bn ph vo ht nhn 7 N ngi ta thu c 1 proton v 1 ht 2 nhn X. Hi s khi A v s n v in tch ht nhn Z ca ht nhn X v hy cho bit X l nguyn t g? b)Khi cho ht nhn 4 He bn ph vo ht nhn 9 Be ngi ta thu c 1 ntron v 1 ht 2 4 nhn Y. Hi s khi A v s n v in tch ht nhn Z ca ht nhn Y v hy cho bit Y l nguyn t g? 10.Khi in phn 75,97g NaCl (mui n tinh khit) nng chy nta thu c 29,89g Na. Hy xc nh nguyn t khi ca Cl bit nguyn t khi ca Na l 22,99 11.Hy cho bit iu khng nh no sau y ng A.Ch c ht nhn nguyn t Oxi t l gia s proton v s ntron mi l 1: 1 B.S khi ht nhn nguyn t l nguyn t khi C.Nt ca 1 nguyn t c in tch ht nhn xc nh D.Trong v nguyn t , cc e c mc nng lng cng thp th chuyn ng cng xa ht nhn. E.Trong nguyn t (nhm A)cc e thuc lp ngoi cng quyt nh tnh cht ha hc ca 1 nguyn t F.Ngy nay nta bit, trong nguyn t cc e chuyn ng theo qu o hnh elip G.Trong nguyn t cc e ln lt chim cc mc nng lng t thp n cao H.Nhng nguyn t f thuc h Lantan v h Actini I. Hp cht kh vi H ca cc nguyn t nhm VIIA l RH J. Oxit cao nht v hiroxit tng ng ca cc nguyn t nhm VII A l R2O7 v HRO4. 12.in ch ng hoc sai trc cu pht biu ng hoc sai: A/ Trong bng h thng tun hon cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng ca s proton .

60

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
B/chu k gm nhng nguyn t m nguyn t ca chng c cng s electron C/Bng h thng tun hon gm c 8 chu k v 7 nhm. D/Cc chu k 1,2,3 ch bao gm cc nguyn t h s,p. E/Cc nguyn t ca cc nguyn t phn nhm ph c s electron lp ngoi cng bng s th t ca nhm F/Tt c cc nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh u thuc chu k nh G/Tt c cc nguyn t thuc phn nhm ph u thuc chu k ln H/Tt c cc nguyn t thuc phn nhm ph nhm VIII u c 8 electron lp ngoi cng I/Trong 1 chu k s electron lp ngoi cng tng t 1 n 8 theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn (tr chu k 1) J/Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1 nhm bao gi cng c s electron lp ngoi cng bng nhau K/ Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1 phn nhm chnh bao gi cng c s electron lp ngoi cng bng nhau L/Tnh cht hh ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1 nhm bao gi cng ging nhau M/ Tnh cht hh ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1phn nhm (chnh hoc ph) bao gi cng ging nhau 13.a) Hy cho bit : tn kim loi mnh nht nhm kim loi kim, kim loi kim th, phi kim mnh nhm Halogen b) So snh tnh cht ha hc c bn ca Al, S vi cc nguyn t ng xung quanh 14. Cho cc nt sau y: 11A , 13B , 8D, 9E. Hy cho bit hai nt sau y nu cho kt hp vi nhau s c cng thc nh th no v to thnh theo dng lin kt no: a) A + D b) A + E. c) B + D d) B + E 15. Vit cng thc electron, cng thc cu to v xc nh ha tr ca cc cht sau: Cl 2, F2, N2, H2O, H2S, NH3, CH4, CO2, SiF4, NF3, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6. 16. Cho s hiu nt ca cc nt sau: 8A, 5B, 1E, 17D.Hy cho bit cc nt sau y nu cho kt hp vi nhau s c cng thc nh th no v to thnh theo dng lin kt no, vit s hnh thnh lin t ? a) E + E b) B + B c) A + E d) E + D e) E + B f) A + A 17. Vit cu hnh e y cho cc nt: c e lp ngoi cng l: 2s1, 3s23p5 ; elctrron phn lp ngoi cng l: 2p4, 3px.Cho bit nt no l kim loi, phi kim, kh him.. Bit x>2 18. Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong nt X, Y, Z ln lt l : 13, 58, 28. Tm k hiu nt ca X,Y,Z. Bit rng : s khi ca Y nh hn 40 ; Z c 6 e lp ngoi cng. 19. a. Vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca 1 nt R phn nhm chnh nhm VI. Trong oxit ,oxi chim 60% khi lng. Tm R . b. R phn nhm chnh nhm VII. Trong hp cht kh vi hiro ca R cha 97,26%R. Tm cng thc hp cht kh vi hiro ca R. c. xit cao nht ca 1 nt ng vi cng thc l R2O5. Hp cht ca n vi hiro c cha 8,82%H. Tm khi lng nt v tn nt R. d. Mt nt to hp cht vi hiro c cng thc RH 3. Nt ny chim 25,93% v khi lng trong oxit bc cao nht. nh tn nt R.

61

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
e. Cho 0,78g mt kim loi kim t/d vi nc th c 0,224 lt kh bay ra kc. Tm tn kloi kim. 20.Trong phn t 2 nguyn t ca mt nguyn t , lin kt ha hc gia 2 nguyn t phi l: A. Lin kt ion B.Lin kt cng ha tr phn cc C.Lin kt cho-nhn (phi tr) D. Lin kt cng ha tr khng phn cc 21.Khuynh hng no di y khng c s dng trong qu trnh hnh thnh lin kt ha hc? A.Dng chung e B. Cho-nhn e C.Hp th e D.Dng chung e t do 22.Lin kt no di y khng thuc lin kt ha hc: A.Lin kt ion B. Lin kt kim loi C.Lin kt cng ha tr D.Lin kt hiro (lc tng tc yu gia cc phn t) 23.S kt hp ca cc nguyn t no di y khng th to hp cht dng X2Y hoc XY2 A. Na v O B. K v S C. Ca v O D. Ca v Cl 24. cc nguyn t no di y u t cu hnh bn ca kh him gn k: A. BeH2. B. AlCl3 C. SiH4 D.PCl5. VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Tit 36: KIM TRA HC K I (theo ca s GD & T thnh ph Nng)

62

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy 25/12/2006

CHNG 5: NHM HALOGEN


Tit 37 . Bi 21: KHI QUT V NHM HALOGEN I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Bit c: - V tr nhm halogen trong bng tun hon. - S bin i m in, bn knh nguyn t v mt s tnh cht vt l ca cc nguyn t trong nhm. - Cu hnh electron n/c ca cc nguyn t halogen tng t nhau. Tnh cht hh c bn ca cc nguyn t halogen l tnh oxi ho mnh. - S bin i tnh cht ho hc ca cc n cht trong nhm halogen. 2. K nng: - Vit cu hnh electron lp n/c ca nguyn t F, Cl, Br, I - Da vo cu hnh electron lp n/c v mt s tnh cht khc ca cc nguyn t, d on tnh cht ho hc c bn ca cc nguyn t halogen l tnh oxi ho mnh. - Vit c cc phng trnh ho hc chng minh tnh cht oxi ho mnh ca cc nguyn t halogen, quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong nhm. - Tnh th tch hoc khi lng dung dch cht tham gia hoc to thnh sau phn ng. II. CHUN B : Gio vin: - Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc (dng bng di) - Bng 11-SGK III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH I. V tr ca nhm halogen trong bng I. V Tr Ca Nhm Halogen Trong tun hon Bng Tun Hon: Hot ng 1: - Gv ch vo bng tun hon gii thiu + nhm halogen gm cc nguyn t: Flo, - Gm: Flo(F), Clo(Cl), Brom(Br), Iot(I), Clo, Brom, iot, atati. Tit 37

63

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
+Hi: chng thuc nhm no, v tr no Atati(At) trong cc chu k? - Thuc nhm VIIA, cui chu k + Atati khng gp trong t nhin, n c iu ch nhn to nn xt ch yu trong nhm cc nguyn t phng x.

II. Cu hnh electron nguyn t, cu to phn t Hot ng 2: - GV yu cu HS: vit cu hnh electron lp n/c ca cc nguyn t: F, Cl, Br, I. - Yu cu rt ra nhn xt: + Cu hnh e n/c chung cho nhm halogen? + khuynh hng c trng? + Tnh cht ho hc c bn?

II. Cu hnh electron nguyn t, cu to phn t - cu hnh e n/c: 2s22p5 9F: 3s23p5 17Cl: 4s24p5 35Br: 5s25p5 53I: cu hnh e n/c chung: ns2np5 khuynh hng c trng: d nhn 1e X + 1e X2 ns np5 ns2np6(kh him) tnh oxi ho mnh

Hot ng 3 :

- Gv nu vn : v sao cc nguyn t ca - s to thnh phn t X2;


nguyn t halogen khng ng ring r .. m hai nguyn t lin kt vi nhau to : X. .. thnh phn t X2? t cu hnh e bn nh kh him nn trng thi t do, hai nguyn t halogen gp chung mt i e to ra phn t c lin kt CHT khng phn cc. .. .. .. + .X: :X:X: .. .. ..

- gi : v c 7e lp n/c, cn thiu 1e Hay X-X hoc X2

- Hy biu din lin kt ?

64

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
III. S bin i tnh cht Hot ng 4: III. S bin i tnh cht

- Gv s dng bng 11/sgk, yu cu hs nhn


xt s bin i: + tnh cht vt l + bn knh nguyn t + m in i t flo n iot? - Yu cu hs gii thch: + v sao trong cc hp cht, flo ch c s oxi ho -1, cc nguyn t cn li, ngoi s oxi ho -1 cn c cc s oxi ho +1, +3, +5, +7? v flo c m in ln nht ch ht e nn ch c s oxi ho -1, cc nguyn t cn li c th to thnh 1, 3, 5, 7 e c thn trng thi b kch thch nn c th nhng 1, 3, 5, 7 e nn ngoi s oxi ho -1 cn c thm s oxi ho +1, +3, +5, +7 + Da vo cu hnh e lp n/c gii thch v sao cc halogen ging nhau v tnh cht ho hc cng nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht do chng to thnh? v cu hnh electron lp n/c tng t nhau + Da vo bn knh nguyn t, gii thch v sao i t F n I, tnh oxi ho gim dn? T F n I, bn knh nguyn t tng kh nng ht e gim tnh oxi ho gim

1.

S bin i tnh cht vt l ca cc n cht: i t flo n iot:

- trng thi tp hp: kh lng rn - Mu sc: m dn - T0s, t0nc : tng dn 2.


S bin i m in

- i t flo n iot m in gim dn


- Flo c m in ln nht Flo ch c s oxi ho -1 trong hp cht Cl, Br, I c s oxi ho -1, +1, +3, +5, +7 trong hp cht

3. S bin i tnh cht ho hc ca cc n cht - Cc halogen ging nhau v tnh cht ho hc cng nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht do chng to thnh

- T flo n iot, tnh oxi ho gim dn - tnh cht ho hc c bn ca halogen: (SGK)

Hot ng 5: cng c bi: - Nguyn nhn: + tnh oxi ho mnh ca cc halogen l d nhn 1e + tnh oxi ho gim dn t F n I + s ging nhau v tnh cht ho hc cng nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht ca chng 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tt c BT trong SGK

65

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 16/01/2007 Tit 38 . Bi 22: CLO I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Bit c: tnh cht vt l, trng thi vt l, ng dng ca clo, phng php iu ch clo trong phng th nghim v trong cng nghip. - hiu cL tnh cht ho hc c bn ca clo l tnh oxi ho mnh (tc dng vi kim loi, hiro). Clo cn th hin tnh kh. 2. K nng: - Quan st, d on, kim tra v kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca clo - Vit ptp minh ho tnh cht ho hc v iu ch clo. - Tnh th tch kh clo ktc tham gia hoc to thnh trong phn ng II. CHUN B : Gio vin: iu ch sn hai bnh kh clo, dy st, dy ng, bt qut, n cn III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC:

Tit 38

1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: 2hs ln bng lm, cc hs cn li lm vo v bi tp Hs1: 1) Cn bng phn ng oxi ho - kh sau theo phng php thng bng e, xc nh vai tr ca cc cht tham gia phn ng: Cl2 + NaOH NaCl + NaClO + H2O

66

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2) BT5/SGK/trang 96 Hs2: 1) Cu hi tng t trn: HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O 2) BT6 /SGK/trang 96 3. Bi mi: Clo l nguyn t halogen tiu biu v quan trng nht.Vy clo c tnh cht vt l v tnh cht ho hc g? Clo c nhng ng dng g v iu ch bng cch no? HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH I. Tnh cht vt l I. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 1: - kh mu vng lc, mi xc, rt c -Gv: cho hs quan st l ng kh clo, kt - nng hn khng kh 2,5 ln hp vi SGK cho bit cc tnh cht vt l - tan trong nc to thnh nc clo c mu tiu biu ca clo? vng nht II. Tnh cht ho hc II. Tnh cht ho hc Hot ng 2: tnh cht ho hc chung ca m in: Cl(3,16)< O(3,44) < F(3,98) clo trong hp cht vi F,O th Cl th hin s - - Gv: trong hp cht vi F, O th Cl th oxi ha: +1, +3, +5, +7. Cn trong hp cht hin s oxi ho bao nhiu v trong hp vi cc nguyn t khc Cl th hin s oxi cht vi cc nguyn t khc Cl c s ho -1 oxi ho l bao nhiu. Gii thch? clo va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th - - Gv: Cl2 c th c nhng tnh cht ho hin tnh kh nhng tnh oxi ho c trng hn hc g? V sao?

- Chng ta s i chng minh cho kt lun


Hot ng 3: Clo tc dng kim loi v hiro - GV yu cu HS: c SGK tm hiu v cho bit khi tc dng vi kim loi clo th hin vai tr g? - khi tc dng vi clo, kim loi th hin s oxi ho cao nht - Gv: nhn bit CuCl2, FeCl3 to thnh ngi ta lm nh th no? sau khi lm th nghim t ng trong clo, cho thm mt t nc ct th dung dch CuCl2 c mu xanh. Cn FeCl3 to thnh trong phn ng to thnh m khi mu nu . - ch : cc phn ng vi kim loi xy ra nhit khng cao lm, tc nhanh, to nhiu nhit. - Gv: biu din th nghim t Cu, Fe trong 1. Tc dng vi kim loi 2M + nCl2 2MCln (n l ho tr cao nht ca kim loi M)
0 0 +1 -1

2Na c.k
0

+ Cl2 c.o
0

2NaCl natri clorua


+2 -1

Cu c.k
0

+ Cl2 c.o
0

CuCl2 ng(II) clorua


+3 -1

Fe + Cl2 FeCl3 c.k c.o st(III) clorua 2. Tc dng vi hiro tan trong Ho
H2O

H2 + Cl2 2HCl(k) dung dch HCl (Hiro clorua) (axit clohiric)

67

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
clo nCl2 : nH2 = 1: 1 hn hp n vy trong phn ng vi kim loi v hiro th clo th hin tnh oxi ho mnh 3. Tc dng vi nc
0 -1 +1

Hot ng 4 : Clo tc dng vi nc - Gv: vit phng trnh phn ng, y/c hs xc nh s oxi ho ca clo, t suy ra vai tr clo trong phn ng trn. - Gv: axit HClO l axit rt yu (yu hn c axit cacbonic)nhng c tnh oxi ho mnh. Gii thch v sao phn ng l thun nghch? - Gv: v sao clo m c tnh ty mu cn clo kh th khng? -

Cl2

+ H2O

HCl

+ HClO

Axit clohiric A.hipoclor


0 -1 +1

Cl2 + 2NaOH

NaCl + NaClO + H2O nc Javel

Cl2 va l cht kh va l cht oxi ho HClO, NaClO l cht oxi ho mnh clo m, nc Javel c tnh ty mu

III. Trng thi t nhin III. Trng thi t nhin Hot ng 5: - Gv: nhc li th no l ng v?Clo c - Clo c 2 ng v bn: 35Cl, 37Cl, M = my ng v bn? 35,5 - Gv: v sao trong t nhin clo ch tn ti dng hp cht v ch yu l dng hp - Clo ph bin trong nc bin, trong cht khong cacnalit KCl.MgCl2.6H2O cht no? IV. ng dng Hot ng 6 - Gv: cho bit clo c nhng ng dng g? V. iu ch Hot ng 7: IV. ng dng: (SGK)

V. iu ch: 1. Trong phng th nghim

- Gv: nu nguyn tc iu ch kh clo

Nguyn tc: HCl + cht oxi ho trong phng th nghim. Yu cu hs vit mnh(MnO2, KMnO4, KClO3, PbO2) cc phn ng minh ha Cl2 - Gv: din gii quy trnh th nghim theo V d: hnh 5.3 HCl + MnO2 HCl + KMnO4 VN: HCl + KClO3 HCl + PbO2

68

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: nu phng php sn xut clo 2. Trong cng nghip:
trong cng nghip.
pdd

- Lu : nu khng c mng ngn th Cl2


tc dng vi NaOH to thnh nc Javel

2NaCl + 2H2O C mng ngn 2NaOH + Cl2 + H2

Hot ng 7: cng c bng BT 1,2/sgk/trang 101

4. Dn d:
- BTVN: + lm tt c BT cn li trong SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 18/01/2007 Tit 39 . Bi 23: HIRO CLORUA AXIT CLOHIDRIC I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: - Hiro clorua l cht kh tan nhiu trong nc v c mt s tnh cht ring, khng ging vi axit clohiric (khng lm i mu qu tm, khng tc dng vi vi). - Phng php iu ch axit clohiric trong phng th nghim v trong cng nghip. b) Hs hiu: Ngoi tnh cht chung ca axit, axit clohiric cn c tnh cht ring l tnh kh do nguyn t clo trong phn t HCl c s oxi ho thp nht l -1 2. K nng: - Quan st th nghim (iu ch hiro clorua v th tnh tan). - Vit PTP ca phn ng gia axit clohiric vi kim loi hot ng, oxit baz, baz, mui. II. CHUN B : - Ho cht: NaCltt, H2SO4 c, giy qu tm, nc ct - Dng c: Bnh cu, nt cao su c ng vut nhn, n cn, gi ng nghim, cc thu tinh ln, tha thu tinh, ng ht. III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT5/SGK/trang 101 Hs2: BT 7/SGK/trang101

Tit 39

69

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3. Bi mi: Hiro clorua v axit clohiric c g ging v khc nhau? Axit clohiric c tnh cht ho hc g ging v khc so vi cc axit khc? HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

-Gv: hy vit CT e, CTCT v gii thch s phn cc ca pt HCl? 2. Tnh cht 2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - cht kh, khng mu, mi xc - Gv: iu ch kh HCl - nng hn khng kh (d 1,6) - Hs: quan st, nhn xt mu, mi, tnh t khi ca n so vi khng kh. Hot ng 3: - Gv: biu din th nghim nghin cu - kh HCl tan rt nhiu trong nc tan ca hiro clorua trong nc gii thch? - GV yu cu HS: quan st, nu hin tng, gii thch: + V sao nc li phun vo bnh? + V sao dung dch thu c lm qu tm ho ? II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l - cht lng, khng mu,mi xc

- cho hs quan st dung dch axit clohiric

va iu ch (long) v l ng dung - dung dch m c nht l 37%, bc dch HCl c, m nt thy s bc khi trong khng kh khi gii thch? Gv: gii thch v sao c hin tng bc khi? 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh HCl + Mg .. HCl + FeO . HCl + Fe(OH)3 ..

2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

- Gv: axit c nhng tnh cht chung g?


hs nu cc tnh cht km theo iu kin (nu c)

70

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: Hy hon thnh cc phn ng sau HCl + CaSO3 + SO2 + y?

Hot ng 6: -Gv: nhc li cc s oxi ho ca clo? t kt lun tnh cht ca axit HCl. - Gv: nhc li nguyn tc iu ch clo trong phng th nghim? Nu v d? Xc nh s oxi ho ca cc nguyn t, cht oxi ho cht kh? 3. iu ch Hot ng 7: - Gv: nu cc th nghim iu ch HCl trong phng th nghim. - Gv: hy gii thch v sao dng NaCl tt v H2SO4 c? thu c kh HCl v kh HCl tan rt nhiu trong nc. - lu : cc nhit khc nhau sn phm to thnh cng khc nhau -Gv: cho hs quan st hnh 5.7, gv trnh by quy trnh sn xut HCl trong cng nghip.

b. Tnh kh V d:
+4 -1 +2 0

PbO2 + 4HCl PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O c.o c.k

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat): NaCltt + H2SO4c 2NaCltt+H2SO4c


<2500 >4000

HCl(HCl) + NaHSO4

2HCl(HCl) + Na2SO4

b. Trong cng nghip: - Ly Cl2, H2 t qu trnh in phn dung dch NaCl c mng ngn H2 + Cl2
t0

2HCl
>4000

- Phng php sunfat: 2NaCltt+H2SO4c 2HCl(HCl) + Na2SO4 - T qu trnh clo ho cc hp cht ha c (ch yu l hirocacbon) Hot ng 8: Ly cc v d chng minh tnh axit, tnh kh ca axit HCl? 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT1, 3, 4,5 trong SGK/ trang 106 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

71

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy 24/01/2007 Tit 40 . Bi 23 (tip): MUI CLORUA - LUYN TP I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: bit cch nhn bit ion clorua 2. K nng: - quan st th nghim, tin hnh th nghim - gii cc bi tp lin quan II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin: -chun b mt s bi tp lin quan hc sinh luyn tp - Ho cht: dung dch AgNO3, dung dch NaCl, dung dch HCl - Dng c: gi ng nghim, ng ht, kp g 2. Hc sinh: hc bi v lm cc bi tp v nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv
Kt hp sch gio khoa HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT5/SGK/trang 106 Hs2: BT1/SGK/trang106 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH III. Mui clorua v nhn bit ion clorua 1. Mt s mui clorua Hot ng 1: - Gv: + nu tnh tan ca mui clorua?

Tit 40

GHI BNG III. Mui clorua v nhn bit ion clorua 1. Mt s mui clorua - a s cc mui clorua tan nhiu trong nc, tr AgCl khng tan, t tan:CuCl,

72

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
+ ng dng ca mui NaCl v mt s PbCl2 mui clorua khc? - ng dng: (SGK)

2.Nhn bit ion clorua Hot ng 2: - Gv: cho hs lm th nghim nhn bit ion Cl- trong dung dch HCl, NaCl v vit PTP - Gv: kt lun cch nhn bit ion clorua

2.Nhn bit ion clorua - dng dung dch AgNO3 nhn bit ClNaCl + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgCl (trng) HCl + AgNO3 HNO3 + AgCl (trng)

IV. Luyn tp: Hs tho lun theo nhm cc BT sau v gv BT 5.11/trang37/SBT: ch nh mt hs bt k ca nhm trnh by p n, ly im cho c nhm p n: a) VHCl = 0,8 lit Hot ng 3: b) %VHCl = 80% %VCl2 =20% BT 5.11/SBT/37 Hot ng 4 : - lm BT 5.13 BT 5.13/ trang 37/SBT

a) VCl2= 1,12 lit b) VCl2 = 1,4 lit


5.15 D 5.16 D 5.18 A

Hot ng 5: 37,38

- BT 5.15, 5.16, 5.17, 5.18/SBT/trang 5.17 B


Hot ng 6:

- BT 5.19/SBT/trang 39

- Ho tan vo nclc b CaSO4 t tan - cho vo nc lc mt lng d dung dch BaCl2 BaCl2 + CaSO4 BaSO4 + CaCl2 BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaCl lc b kt ta BaSO4, nc lc cha CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl, BaCl2 d - thm vo nc lc mt lng dung dch Na2CO3 ly d Na2CO3 + CaCl2 CaCO3 + 2NaCl Na2CO3 + MgCl2 MgCO3 + 2NaCl Na2CO3 + BaCl2 BaCO3 + 2NaCl

73

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Lc b kt ta, nc lc ch cha NaCl v Na2CO3 d, cho tc dng vi dung dch HCl d Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O Khi c cn, HCl d bay hi ht, thu c NaCl tinh khit Hot ng 7: a) mCu = 6,4 gam b) mhh =12,4 gam

- BT 5.22/SBT/trang 39

4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT 6,7/ SGK/trang 106 v 5.12, 5.14, 5.20/SBT/trang37, 38 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Tit 41: . Bi thc hnh s 2: TNH CHT HO HC CA KH CLO V HP CHT CA CLO I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Cch iu ch kh clo v th tnh ty mu ca clo m. - iu ch dung dch HCl v th tnh cht ca dung dch HCl - Phn bit cc dung dch HCl, HNO3, NaCl 2. K nng: - Rn luyn k nng lp 1 b dng c th nghim n gin, cc thao tc lm th nghim an ton, hiu qu v quan st, gii thch hin tng th nghim. II. CHUN B : 1. Gio vin:chun b dng c v ho cht theo v thc hnh, kim tra trc kn ca cc nt cao su v ng dn kh 2. Hc sinh: n tp cc kin thc lin quan n cc th nghim trong tit thc hnh. Xem trc cc th nghim, d on hin tng, vit cc phng trnh phn ng c th c. III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp Hot ng 1: 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: nu nguyn tc iu ch kh clo trong phng th nghim? Trong th nghim 1, ho cht cn dng l g? C th thay KMnO4 bng KClO3 khng? V sao nn thay KMnO4 bng KClO3? c th thay c v KClO3 cng l mt cht oxi ho mnh v lng KClO3 cn dng t hn. Tit 41

Ngy26/01/2007

74

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hs2: Clo m c kh nng ty mu, v sao? Hs3: Nguyn tc iu ch kh HCl trong phng th nghim? nhn bit gc clorua, ngi ta lm dng thuc th g? 3. Bi mi: Hot ng2: nhc nh v an ton th nghim:

H thng iu ch kh clo phi kn. Chun b mt cc ng dung dch NaOH loi Cl2, HCl d (m nt cao su, p ngc ng nghim ng kh vo dung dch NaOH) Ch khi un nng: un nh, nu si bt mnh th tm ngng un Cn thn khi s dng axit H2SO4 m c Hot ng 3: th nghim 1: iu ch kh clo. Tnh ty mu ca clo m - Gv: lp mu b th nghim, hs quan st, sau cc nhm t lp

- Dng KMnO4 khong 2 ht ng v bp nh bp cao su cho 3-4 git axit HCl c nh vo. - Quan st mu kh clo to thnh v mu ca mu qu m trc v sau khi lm th nghim. kh clo chim dn th tch ng nghim, qu m mt mu - Sau khi lm th nghim th p ng nghim vo cc ng dung dch NaOH Hot ng 4: th nghim 2: iu ch kh HCl

Gv: hng dn hs lp dng c th nghim Lu : cho khong 1 mung NaCl vo ng nghim (1), nh dung dch H2SO4 m c vo cho thm t lp mui n. Rt 5ml nc ct vo ng nghim (2). Sau lp dng c nh hnh v trong v th nghim. Khi lp ng nghim (1), nn th cho n cn vo th. Khi dng th nghim.phi b ng nghim (2) ra trc, sau mi tt n cn nc khng dng t ng nghim (2) sang ng nghim (1) gy v ng nghim. Cui cng dng 1 mu qu tm nhng vo dung dch trong ng nghim (2). Hng dn hs quan st th nghim: khi un nng c khi trng trong ng nghim (1). Th tnh axit trong ng nghim (2) Hot ng 5: th nghim3: Bi tp thc nghim phn bit cc dung dch Gv: Hng dn Hs nh s 1,2,3 vo 3 ng nghim. Hs: Tho lun v cch la chn cc ho cht v cch thc hin Gv: tm tt cch thc hin:

75

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Hs thc hin theo s

Lu : hs c th lm theo cch khc, th d th bng dung dch AgNO3 trc, sau dng bng giy qu tm Hot ng 6: sau bui th nghim - Gv nhn xt bui thc hnh - Yu cu hs np phn ghi ca t: hin tng. V nh hs hon thnh v th nghim, tit sau np li chm im. - Hs thu dn dng c, ho cht, v sinh phng th nghim. VI. RT KINH NGHIM: Ngy30/01 /2007 Tit 42 . Bi 24: S LC V HP CHT C OXI CA CLO I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: thnh phn ho hc, ng dng v nguyn tc sn xut mt s hp cht c oxi ca clo b) Hs hiu: Tnh oxi ho mnh ca mt s hp cht c oxi ca clo(nc Gia-ven, clorua vi) 2. K nng: - Vit c cc phng trnh phn ng minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca hp cht c oxi ca clo v iu ch nc Gia-ven, clorua vi. - S dng c hiu qu an ton nc Gia-ven, clorua vi trong thc t II. CHUN B : Gv: nc Gia ven v clorua vi III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT 5.13 /SBT/trang 37 Hs2: BT 7 /SGK/trang 106 3. Bi mi:\ HOT NG CA GIO VIN

Tit 42

HOT NG CA HC SINH V GHI BNG I. NC GIA-VEN II. CLORUA VI

76

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 1: 1. Tnh cht vt l, 1. Tnh cht vt l, thnh phn, thnh phn, cu cu to: to: - Gv: cho hs quan st l ng nc Giaven, clorua vi. Yu cu nu tnh cht vt l? dung dch khng mu - cht bt, mu trng, xp

- Gv cho hs bit thnh phn, cu to v v sao gi l nc - l dung dch hn hp mui - CTPT: CaOCl2 Gia-ven (tn mt NaCl v NaClO thnh ph gn th - CTCT: -1 Pa-ri (Php) m Cl ln u tin nh bc Ca +1 hc Bec-t-l +1 (C.Berthollet) iu O- Cl ch c dung dch NaClO l cht oxi ho mnh do hn hp ny trong phn t clo c s oxi ho +1 mui hn tp - Hs:xc nh s oxi ho ca clo d c tnh oxi ho mnh on tnh cht ho hc:tnh oxi ho mnh. - Gv: v sao nc Gia-ven gi l hn hp mui cn clorua vi gi l mui hn tp? hn hp mui gm nhiu mui; mui hn tp l mui ca mt kim loi vi nhiu gc axit khc nhau Hot ng 2: 2. Tnh cht: trong 2. Tnh cht: trong khng kh: khng kh -Gv: trong khng kh c hi nc v kh CO2, bit rng NaClO l mui ca

77

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
axit yu, yu hn axit cacbonic, hy cho bit nc Giaven v clorua vi c lu trong khng kh c khng, v sao?

Tc dng dn vi CO2 trong 2CaOCl2+CO2+H2O khng kh: CaCO3 + CaCl2 + 2HClO NaClO+CO2+H2O NaHCO3 + khng bn trong khng HClO kh

khng c lu trong - hs tr li v vit khng kh PTP chng minh Hot ng 3: 3. iu ch: 3. iu ch: a. Phng th nghim:

- gv: nu cch iu Cl2+2NaOHNaCl+NaClO+H2O Cl2+Ca(OH)2CaOCl2+H2O ch Gia- ven, clorua b. Trong cng nghip: vi pdd Khng c 2NaOH+Cl2+H2 2NaCl+H2O
mng ngn

ant catt

V khng c mng ngn nn: Cl2+2NaOHNaCl+NaClO+H2O Hot ng 4: 4. ng dng:

-Gv: da vo thnh - ty trng phn cu to, tnh - kh trng cht ca nc Giaven, clorua vi hy nu cc ng dng? - Gv: trong thc t, ngi ta dng clorua vi nhiu hn nc Gia-ven, v sao? Hot ng 5:

ging nc Gia-ven dng trong cng nghip tinh ch du m

r hn, hm lng hipoclorit cao hn nn dng nhiu hn

Gv cng c: qua vic nghin cu thnh phn, cu to, tnh cht cng nh cch iu ch v ng dng ca nc Gia-ven, clorua vi, ta thy c nhiu im tng ng ging nhau gia chng. Do khi nghin cu hai hp cht ny chng ta cn c s so snh d nh. 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang 108 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

78

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy 02/02 /2007 Tit 43, 44 . Bi 25: FLO BROM - IOT I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: S lc v tnh cht vt l, ng dng v iu ch F 2, Br2, I2 v mt s hp cht ca chng b) Hs hiu: - S ging v khc nhau v tnh cht ho hc ca flo, brom, iot so vi clo. - Phng php iu ch cc n cht F2, Br2, I2 - V sao tnh oxi ho li gim dn khi i t F2 n I2 - V sao tnh axit tng theo chiu: HF< HCl< HBr< HI 2. K nng: vit cc PTP minh ho cho tnh cht ho hc ca F2, Cl2, Br2, I2 v so snh kh nng hot ng ho hc ca chng II. CHUN B : - Mu cht brom v iot III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT3/SGK/trang 108

Tit 43, 44

Hs2: BT4/SGK/trang 108. Xc nh s oxi ho, vai tr ca cc cht tham gia, phn ng no l phn ng oxi ho -kh trong 6 phn ng. Cn bng phn ng c,d 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH GHI BNG

79

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
I. FLO 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin Hot ng 1: I. FLO 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin - cht kh, mu lc nht, rt c -Gv: da vo SGK cho bit tnh cht vt l - hp cht: + mui florua v d CaF2 v trng thi t nhin ca flo? + criolit: Na3AlF6 2. Tnh cht ho hc Hot ng 2: - Gv: da vo cu to nguyn t v m in ca flo, hy suy ra flo c tnh cht ho hc c bn no? - Gv: c th oxi ho nhng cht no, ly v d minh ho? - Hs: vit cc phn ng 2. Tnh cht ho hc - c m in ln nht tnh oxi ho mnh nht * oxi ho tt c kim loi * oxi ho hu ht cc phi kim (tr N2, O2) V d:
0 0 0 -252 C +1 -1

H2 + Cl2

bng ti

2HF(k)

Hiro clorua (HF(k)) ho tan trong nc to - Gv: lu tnh cht ring ca axit HF l n thnh dung dch axit clohiric. mn thu tinh dng khc ch ln thu + HF l axit yu nhng c th n mn thu tinh tinh: SiO2 + 4HF SiF4 + 2H2O - Gv: trc khi nh bc hc ngi Php Silic tetraflorua Henri Moissan tm ra cch iu ch kh flo mt cch an ton c rt nhiu nh khoa * oxi ho c nhiu hp cht hc b tn tt hoc cht do nhim c HF v d: 0 -2 -1 0 - Gv: t iu kin phn ng, hy so snh vi clo? 2F2 + 2H2O 4HF + O2

Kt lun: so snh vi clo, flo c tnh oxi ho mnh hn, mnh nht trong s cc phi kim.

3. ng dng, iu ch: 3. ng dng, iu ch: Hot ng 3: a. ng dng: (SGK) b. Sn xut clo trong cng nghip: - Gv: hy nu cc ng dng ca flo? in phn nng chy hn hp KF v HF - Chng ta s tm hiu xem nh ho hc pnc Henri Moisan tm ra cch g sn xut 2HF F2 + H2 flo trong cng nghip. Chnh nh nghin cc dng cc m cu ny m ng c gii thng Nobel nm 1906. II. BROM 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin Hot ng 4 : II. BROM 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin

80

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: cho hs quan st bnh ng brom. - Cht lng, mu nu, d bay hi, hi - Hs da vo sgk, cho bit tnh cht vt l brom c
v trng thi t nhin cabrom 2. Tnh cht ho hc Hot ng 5: -Gv: brom c tnh cht ho hc c bn g? So snh vi flo v clo, nu cc phn ng minh ho? ly v d vi Al, H2, H2O - Hp cht: NaBr trong nc bin 2. Tnh cht ho hc - Brom c tnh oxi ho km flo v clo nhng vn l cht oxi ho mnh. * oxi ho c nhiu kim loi V d:
0 0 +3 -1

3Br2 + 2Al 2AlBr3 (nhm brromua) * oxi ho c hiro nhit cao:


0 0 0 t +1 -1

Br2

+ H2

2HBr(k) hirobromua

Tan trong nc to dung dch axit bromhiric axit mnh hn, d b oxi ho hn axit HCl * Tc dng rt chm vi nc:
0 -1 +1

- Gv: nhn mnh s khc nhau v iu Br2 + H2O HBr + HBrO kin phn ng ca brom so vi flo, clo Axit hipobrom nhn mnh brom c tnh oxi ho yu hn Kt lun: so snh vi clov flo th brom flo, clo c tnh oxi ho yu hn 3. ng dng v iu ch 3. ng dng v iu ch Hot ng 6: a. ng dng: (SGK) - Hs c ng dng trong SGK b. Sn xut brom trong cng nghip - Gv: gii thiu phng php sn xut Br2 0 -1 -1 0 trong cng nghip Cl2 + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br2

81

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
III. IOT III. IOT 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin 1. Tnh cht vt l v trng thi t nhin Hot ng 7: - Cht rn, tinh th mu en tm - Gv: cho hs quan st bnh ng iot. thng hoa - Hs da vo sgk, cho bit tnh cht vt l I2(r) I2(h) v trng thi t nhin ca iot - Hp cht: mui iotua 2. Tnh cht ho hc Hot ng 8: 2. Tnh cht ho hc - Iot c tnh oxi ho yu hn flo, clo, brom * oxi ho c nhiu kim loi nhng phn --Gv: iot c tnh cht ho hc c bn g? ng ch xy ra khi un nng hoc c cht So snh vi flo, clo v brom, nu cc phn xc tc ng minh ho? ly v d vi Al, H2 V d: 0 0 xc tc H2O +3 -1 - Gv: nu th nghim Al+I2 3I2 + 2Al 2AlI3 * ch oxi ho c hiro nhit cao v c xc tc:
0 0 0 350-500 C xc tc Pt +1 -1

I2

H2

2HI(k)

Hir iotua tan trong nc to ra dung dch axit iothiric axit mnh hn, d b oxi ho hn axit HBr v axit HCl * Hu nh khng tc dng vi nc * C tnh oxi ho km hn clo, brom nn: Cl2 + 2NaI 2NaCl + I2 - Gv: nu tnh cht c trng ca iot Br2 + 2NaI 2 NaBr + I2 tnh cht c trng:tc dng vi h tinh bt to thnh hp cht c mu xanh nhn - Gv: nhn mnh s khc nhau v iu kin bit. phn ng ca iot so vi flo, clo, brom nhn mnh iot c tnh oxi ho yu hn flo, Kt lun: so snh vi clo, flo v brom th iot c tnh oxi ho yu hn clo, brom 3. ng dng v iu ch 3. ng dng v iu ch Hot ng 9: a. ng dng: (SGK) - Hs c ng dng trong SGK b. Sn xut iot trong cng nghip: - Gv: gii thiu ngi ta sn xut I2 trong T rong bin cng nghip t rong bin Hot ng 10: cng c : - S ging v khc nhau v tnh cht ho hc ca flo, brom, iot so vi clo. - Phng php iu ch cc n cht F2, Br2, I2 - V sao tnh oxi ho li gim dn khi i t F2 n I2 - V sao tnh axit tng theo chiu:

82

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
HF< HCl< HBr< HI 4. Dn d: - BTVN: lm BT trong SGK Tit 43: 7,8,9,10/ trang 114 Tit 44: cc BT cn li, xem phn n tp l thuyt- bi luyn tp VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy07/02//2007 Tit 45 . Bi 26: LUYN TP: NHM HALOGEN I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Hs nm vng: - c im cu to lp e ngoi cng ca nguyn t v cu to phn t ca n cht cc nguyn t halogen - S bin thin tnh cht ca cc n cht halogen khi i t flo n iot - Phng php iu ch halogen 2. K nng: vn dng kin thc gii cc bi tp II. CHUN B : - My tnh, my chiu, 12 bng trong, 12 bt lng III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp

Tit 45

Hot ng 1: Cng c v h thng ho kin thc v nhm halogen:

83

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv yu cu hs trnh by: + c im cu hnh e lp ngoi cng ca cc nguyn t cc nguyn t halogen. + Cu to phn t ca cc halogen. T hnh thnh dn bng: Nguyn t halogen Cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng Cu to phn t (lk CHT khng cc) F 2s 2p F:F (F2)
2 5

Cl 3s 3p
2 5

Br 4s 4p
2 5

I 5s 5p5 I:I (I2)


2

Cl:Cl (Cl2)

Br:Br (Br2)

+ Tnh cht ho hc ca cc halogen. + S bin thin tnh cht ca cc halogen khi i t flo n iot. T hnh thnh bng: Nguyn t halogen m in Tnh oxi ho Hal P Vi kim OXH tt c kim loi OXH c hu ht OXH c nhiu OXH c nhiu loi kim loi t C kim loi t C kl t C hoc xt nF2+2M 2MFn (mui florua) nCl2+2M 2MCln nBr2+2M 2MBrn nI2+2M 2MIn
0 0 0

F 3,98

Cl 3,16

Br 2,96

I 2,66

Tnh oxi ho gim dn Cl2 Br2 I2

F2

Vi hiro Vi nc

-2520C F2+H2bng ti

2HF

(mui clorua) as Cl2+H2 2HCl n

(mui bromua) Br2+H2


t0C

(mui iotua) I2+H2


t0C cao

2HBr

2HI khng

n mnh

Phn hu mnh lit nhit thng: ngay nhit Cl + H O 2 2 thng: HCl +HClO 2F2+2H2O4HF+O2 + Phng php iu ch halogen: F2 Cl2

nhit thng, Hu nh chm hn clo: phn ng Br2 + H2O HBr +HBrO Br2 I2 T rong bin

p hn hp + HCl(c)+ cht OXH mnh Cl2 + 2NaBr KF v HF (MnO2, KMnO4) Br2 +NaCl pdd + 2NaCl+H2O c mng ngn 2NaOH +Cl2+H2

84

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Nh vy, da vo s so snh gia cc halogen ta c th h thng ho c kin thc nhm halogen. Hot ng 2: hs tho lun theo nhm BT 4,9,13, sau a ra p n, gv t cu hi cht vn v a ra kt lun - Gv: BT 4- v sao cu B,C,D sai? khi phn ng vi nc th clo, brom ng 2 vai tr l cht kh v cht oxi ho nn n va kh va oxi ho nc.Iot th khng phn ng vi nc -Gv: BT 9: khi in phn mui KF trong hn hp vi HF th lng, phi trnh s c mt ca nc v flo va to ra li bc chy trong nc. - Gv: BT 13: dn hn hp kh oxi v clo i qua dung dch NaOH, ch c clo phn ng: Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + NaClO +H2O Kh ra khi hn hp l oxi. Hot ng 3: tho lun BT5, vit p n vo bng trong, gv chiu kt qu ca 1 nhm, cc nhm khc nhn xt, gv chiu cch gii ng, nhn xt, cho im. Bi gii:

a) Cu hnh electron y : 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p5 b) Z=35 nguyn t brom.


K hiu nguyn t : Br Dn chng: Cu to phn t: Br2

c) Tnh cht ho hc c bn: tnh oxi ho


0 0 +3 -1

2Al +
0

3Br2 2AlCl3
0 +1-1

H2

Br2

2HBr + 2NaCl + 2NaBr

d) Tnh oxi ho: Cl>Br>I Dn chng: Cl2 + 2NaBr Br2 Br2 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT cn li trong SGK/ trang 118,119 VI. RT KINH NGHIM: + 2NaI I2

85

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy 10/2/2007 Tit 46 Bi 26: LUYN TP: NHM HALOGEN I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Hs nm vng: - s bin thin tnh cht ca cc hp cht halogen: tnh axit, tnh kh ca HX - tnh ty mu v st trng ca nc Gia-ven v clorua vi - nhn bit cc ion F-, Cl-, Br-, I2. K nng: lm cc bi tp dng trc nghim v t lun

II. CHUN B :hs: chun b trc cc bi tp nh


III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp Hot ng 1: Cng c v h thng ho kin thc v hp cht halogen: Tit 46

-Tnh axit v tnh kh ca dung dch HX khi i t HF n HI?


- Nguyn nhn tnh ty mu, tnh st trng ca nc Gia-ven v clorua vi? - Gv yu cu hs trnh by BT 1,2,3: 1C, 2A, 3B

86

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 2: hs tho lun theo nhm BT 11, sau a ra cch gii mu: Bi gii: nNaCl = 5,85 34 = 0,1mol ; n AgNO3 = = 0,2mol 58,5 170

Vdd= 0,2+0,3 =0,5 lit PTP: NaCl Ban u Phn ng Sau phn ng 0,1 0,1 0 + AgNO3 0,2 0,1 0,1 AgCl + 0 0,1 0,1 NaNO3 0 0,1 0,1 (mol) (mol) (mol)

a) mAgCl = 143,5 x 0,1 = 14,35 (g) b) CM( AgNO3)= 0,1/0,5 = 0,2 mol/l= CM(NaNO3)
Hot ng 3: tho lun BT 12 Tm tt : 69,6 g MnO2 Bi gii: nMnO2 = 69,6: 87 = 0,8 (mol) ; nNaOH = 0,5x 4 = 2 (mol) PTP: MnO2 0,8 mol Cl2 + 2NaOH NaCl + Ban u: Phn ng 0,8 0,8 2 1,6 0,4 0 0,8 0,8 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O 0,8 mol NaClO 0 + H2O (mol)
+HCl c, d

NaOHd (nu c) Cl2+500ml NaOH 4M dung dch : NaCl NaClO

0,8 (mol) 0,8 (mol)

Sau phn ng 0

Nng mol cc cht c trong dung dch sau phn ng: CM(NaOHd ) = 0,4 : 0,5 = 0,8 M CM(NaCl) = CM(NaClO) = 0,8 : 0,5 = 1,6 M 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT cn li trong SGK/ trang 119, lm cc BT trc nghim trong SBT v cc sch tham kho - c trc bi thc hnh s 3, chun b:d on hin tng, gii thch, vit ptp VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

87

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy12/02 /2007 Tit 47 . Bi 28: BI THC HNH S 3:

TNH CHT HO HC CA BROM V IOT


I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: cng c kin thc v tnh cht ho hc ca brom, iot; So snh tnh oxi ho ca clo, brom, iot 2. K nng: rn k nng thc hnh, quan st hin tng, gii thch, vit PTP, vit tng trnh II. CHUN B : - Dng c, ho cht: theo v thc hnh III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh t lm th nghim, cc hs lun phin nhau lm th nghim IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: So snh tnh oxi ho ca clo, brom, iot?Gii thch? Hs2: Thuc th nhn bit iot?Hin tng? Tng tc gia iot v phn t tinh bt l tng tc phn t yu nn d b ph v khi nhit tng. Do khi un nng hn hp iot v tinh bt th mt mu xanh v khi ngui mu xanh li xut hin. Tit 47

88

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3.Thc hnh: Hot ng 1: Yu cu hs kim tra dng c, ho cht da theo v thc hnh Gv: nu ni dung ca tit thc hnh Lu hs:Clo, brom u l cht c nn khi s dng phi dng lng t v y ngay np khi s dng xong Hot ng 2: Th nghim 1: So snh tnh oxi ho ca brom v clo -Hs lm th nghim - Gv: hng dn hs quan st s chuyn mu ca dung dch NaBr -Ch : d quan st, khi thc hin phn ng ny c th cho thm vo ng nghim cha1-2ml NaBr vi git benzen. Benzen nh hn v khng tan ni trn dung dch. Khi brom c gii phng, tan vo benzen nhiu hn trong nc, s quan st r hn Hot ng 3: th nghim 2: So snh tnh oxi ho ca brom v iot

Hs lm th nghim

Gv : hng dn hs quan st s chuyn mu ca dung dch, c th cho thm mt t h tinh bt nhn bit Hot ng 4: Th nghim 3: Tc dng ca iot vi h tinh bt - Hs lm th nghim - Gv lu hs: c th thay h tinh bt bng lt khoai lang, khoai ty, chui xanh... v nhng cht ny cng cha tinh bt Hot ng 5: Th nghim 5: nhn bit 5 dung dch khng mu mt nhn:NaBr, KI, NaCl, HCl Hng dn: - qu tm HCl - cho h tinh bt vo 3 mu th cn li, ri cho tip dung dch brom, mu th no c mu xanh m l KI - cn NaCl, NaBr: cho nc clo vodung dch c mu vng nu l NaBr Hot ng 6: - Gv nhn xt u, nhc im ca bui thc hnh - Hs hon thnh bn bo co np - Lm v sinh phng th nghim 4. Dn d: tit sau kim tra 1 tit, v n tp li cc dng bi tp c trc nghim v t lun I. RT KINH NGHIM:

89

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Ngy20/02 /2007 Tit 48: KIM TRA 1 TIT- BI S 3 I. MC TIU BI HC: - Kim tra kh nng lnh hi kin thc ca hs v ton b ni dung trong chng thng qua 20 cu trc nghim v 3 cu t lun - Gv: bit c kh nng ca hs v iu chnh cch dy cho ph hp II. CHUN B : - Mi lp 4 (55 phin bn) v 55 phiu trc nghim III. PHNG PHP: - hs lm trc nghim trong 20 pht thu phiu v lm t lun trong 25 pht IV. NI DUNG: 4

20 cu trc nghim(0,25 im/cu) 3 cu t lun: 0,5 im Pt 3,4 0,25 im Cu 3(2,5):vit c 2 PTP: 1,0 im Tnh c s mol MnO2, NaOH 0,5 im Tnh c CM ca NaOH d, NaCl v NaClO 1,0 im

Cu 1(1,5 ): Pt1,2 Cu 2(1):

phng php 0,75 im PTP 0,25 im

VI. RT KINH NGHIM: Ngy01/03 /2007

CHNG 6: OXI LU HUNH


Tit 49 . Bi 29: OXI - OZON I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: - Oxi: v tr, cu hnh electron ngoi cng; Tnh cht vt l, phng php iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim, trong cng nghip. - Ozon l mt dng th hnh ca oxi; iu kin to thnh ozon, ozon trong t nhin v ng dng ca ozon; Ozon c tnh oxi ho mnh hn oxi. b) Hs hiu: Oxi v ozon u c tnh oxi ho rt mnh (oxi ho c hu ht kim loi, phi kim, nhiu hp cht v c v hu c); ng dng ca oxi 2. K nng: - D on tnh cht, kim tra, kt lun v tnh cht ho hc ca oxi, ozon. - Quan st th nghim, hnh nh v rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht v iu ch. - Vit ptp minh ho tnh cht v iu ch oxi. 3. Thi : - C thc bo v mi trng, tham gia trng v bo v cy xanh II. CHUN B :

90

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
-

1. Gio vin: Ho cht: O2( 4 bnh iu ch sn), mu than(C), bt Mg, cn tuyt i Dng c: mung st, chn s, bt qut, n cn, 70 phiu hc tp, 12 bng trong, 12 bt d, my chiu hoc my chiu vt th, que ch, phn mu Bng ph ghi cu hi tho lun (nu mt in) Bng tun hon 2. Hc sinh: n tp kin thc v bi oxi lp 8

III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc. Gv lm th nghim biu din chng minh.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Bi mi:

Tit 49

Vo bi: Cc em c hc chng halogen, qua bit cch nghin cu mt cht c th nh th no. Hm nay chng ta s tip tc nghin cu v oxi-ozon trong chng oxi-lu hunh. y l nhng cht rt quen thuc vi tt c chng ta: chng ta ang ht th bng oxi, c bo v khi tia cc tm bng tng ozon. Bi hc s c thit k theo m hnh: V tr cu to d on tnh cht chng minh ng dng iu ch HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH GHI BNG

A. OXI Hot ng 1: I. V tr v cu to: - Hs : + dng bng tun hon xc nh v tr - V tr: 8, chu k 2, nhm VIA ca nguyn t oxi (, nhm, chu k) - Cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p4 .. .. + vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn - CT e: : O : : O : t, cng thc e, CTCT ca O2 .. .. - Gv: cho hs khc nhn xt v sa nu sai. - CTCT: O = O - CTPT: O2 Hot ng 2: II. Tnh cht vt l - Gv: da vo thc t cho bit tnh cht vt l ca oxi? kh oxi khng mu, khng mi, khng - Cht kh khng mu, khng mi, khng v, nng hn khng kh, t tan trong nc - Gv: da vo u em bit oxi nng hn v, nng hn khng kh, t tan trong nc khng kh v t tan trong nc?

91

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
d= 1,1 trong t nhin c phi ngoi ln mt nc th, trong cc b nui c ngi ta phi bm oxi vo. - Gv: chng ta bit kh clo cng t tan trong nc nhng kh hiroclorua li tan rt nhiu trong nc, hy gii thch ti sao? v phn t Cl2 v O2 u khng phn cc nn t tan trong nc l dung mi phn cc, cn HCl l phn t phn cc nn d tan hn - Gv: ng dng tnh cht vt l iu ch oxi nh th no? v nng hn khng kh nn c th thu trc tip vo bnh, th oxi y cha bng cch a que m vo ming bnh, nu y n s bng chy. v t tan trong nc nn c th thu bng phng php y nc nh trong hnh - Oxi lng c mu xanh da tri 6.2/trang 126 - Gv: Vy chng ta c th thy oxi lng u? trong cc bnh th ca th ln, bnh oxi trong bnh vin. Ngi ta nn th lng cha c nhiu oxi hn Hot ng 3: III. Tnh cht ho hc: - Gv: da vo cu hnh electron v m - oxi c tnh oxi ho mnh in ca oxi (3,44), hy d on tnh 1. Tc dng vi kim loi. O2 t/d vi hu ht Kl (tr Au, Pt) cht ho hc ca oxi? 0 0 to +1 2O - chng minh tnh oxi ho mnh ca VD: 4Na + O2 2Na-2 oxi, cc em hy tho lun theo nhm +2 -2 0 0 to hon thnh phiu s 1 2 Mg + O2 2MgO - Hs tho lun lm phiu hc tp s 1:: 2. Tc dng vi phi kim. + Hon thnh cc phn ng sau: O2 t/d vi hu ht cc phi kim (tr 1. Tc dng vi kim loi. halogen). 0 0 t +5-2 Na + O2 Mg + O2 VD: 4P + 5O2 P2O5 2. Tc dng vi phi kim. C0+ O2 CO2 +4-2 0 t P + O2 C + O2 3. Tc dng vi hp cht 3. Tc dng vi hp cht O2 t/d vi nhiu hp cht v c v hu c CO + O2 C2H5OH + O2 VD: +4-2 +2 0 to + Xc nh s oxi ho bin i ca cc
o o

t -2

+4-2

-2

92

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
nguyn t trong phn ng. l loi phn ng g? + Kh nng p ca oxi vi cc KL, PK, cc hp cht? 2CO + O2 2CO2

C2H5OH + 3O2 2CO2 + 3H2O

- Gv: chiu kq tng phn ca mt nhm, Kt lun: nhng phn ng m oxi tham gia
cho hs nhn xt, gv sa trn phiu, rt ra u l phn ng oxi ho -kh, trong oxi kt lun l cht oxi ho: - kim chng cho tnh OXH mnh ca 0 -2 oxi, cc em hy quan st cc TN sau: O2 + 2.2e 2O + Gv: lm th nghim biu din minh ha cho tng phn: t Mg, C, P(cho bng BTVN: tm xt vo trc) trong oxi, t cn tuyt 1) Hon thnh cc phn ng: i trong khng kh. Fe +Cl2 - Gv: so snh tnh OXH ca oxi vi clo Fe + O2 v nh cc em hy lm cu 3 trong phiu 2) So snh kh nng phn ng ca clo v s 4 oxi? Hot ng 4 : IV. ng dng (SGK)

- Gv: oxi c nhng ng dng g trong i


sng cng nh sn xut?

- Hs tr li,gv b sung: oxi duy tr s sng,


do , ngi ta c th nhn n nhiu ngy nhng khng th nhn th trong vi pht. Oxi duy tr s chy nn khi dp tt la ngi ta thng dng ct, chn, mn t ph ln nhm gim oxi. Hot ng 5: V. iu ch: 1. Trong 0PTN: - Hs tho lun phiu hc tp s 2: t 1. Trong PTN, ho cht no c dng 2KMnO4 K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2 iu ch oxi? Chng c g c bit? Vit MnO2 ptp hp cht giu oxi, t bn vi nhit 2KClO3 t0 2KCl + 3O2 2. Trong CN, nhng nguyn liu no c 2. Trong CN: dng sn xut oxi? Trnh by phng a) T khng kh: chng ct phn on php sn xut. khng kh lng 3. Trong t nhin, oxi c hnh thnh ntn? p ngha ca n trong t nhin? Vit ptp b) T nc: in phn 2H2O 2H2 + O2 xy ra trong t nhin do qu trnh quang hp ca cy xanh. 3. Trong TN:Quang hp N c ngha lm gim CO2 trong khng 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 kh, chng nhim mi trng. Do , cn phi c thc trng v bo v cy xanh v cng l bo v cuc sng ca chnh

93

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
chng ta.

Hot ng 6: - Gv gii thiu: + Ozon l mt dng th hnh ca oxi. Th hnh l cc dng cu to khc nhau ca cng mt nguyn t, v d nh than ch v kim cng + Kh ozon mu xanh nht, mi c trng - Hs tho lun, tr li phiu hc tp s 3: + Kh oxi v kh ozon c tnh cht ho hc no ging nhau? tnh oxi ho mnh + Hy so snh tnh oxi ho ca O3 vi O2. Vit ptp minh ho. - Thm: dng dung dch KI c ln h tinh bt hoc ln qu tm nhn bit O3 Hot ng 7:

A. OZON(O3) I. Tnh cht: - Mu xanh nht, c mi c trng - O3 c tnh oxi ho mnh hn O2, do O3 O2 + O V d: O2 + Ag khng phn ng
0 0 -2 0

O3 + 2Ag Ag2O + O2
0 -1 0 0

O3 +2 KI + H2O 2KOH + I2 + O2 II. Ozon trong t nhin v ng dng: (SGK)

- Hs c SGK - Gv b sung: khng kh ti cc i thng


rt trong lnh l do l thng c kh nng sn sinh ra O3, l cht dit khun mnh. Hin nay tng ozon ang b ph hu nghim trng, mt trong nhng nguyn nhn l do trong kh thi c cht lm lnh CFC. Tuy b cm nhng hu qu ca n cn li n hng trm nm sau.

Hot ng 8: cng c Hs lm phiu hc tp s 4: 1. Phn ng no sau y sai: Tr Li: a. 2H2 + O2 2H2O 1. b. 2Cl2 + O2 2Cl2O 2. c. 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 d. 4Au + 3O2 2Au2O3 e. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O A. a v b B. b v d C. c,d v e D. b v e 2. nhn bit 2 l ng kh O2 v O3 bng phng php ho hc, ngi ta dng

Cu B. V khng xy ra Cu D

94

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
cch no sau y? A. Dng mu giy c tm dung dch KI v h tinh bt B. Dng mu giy qu tm c tm dung dch KI C. Dng dung dch h tinh bt D. C cch A v B u ng 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang 127,128 + c bi c thm VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 05/03//2007 Tit 50 . Bi 30: LU HUNH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: - V tr ca lu hunh trong bng tun hon v cu hnh electron ca nguyn t - Hai dng th hnh ca lu hunh; Cu to phn t v tnh cht vt l ca lu hunh bin i theo nhit - Tnh cht ho hc c bn ca lu hunh l va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh. Trong cc hp cht, lu hunh c s oxi ho l -2, +4, +6 b) Hs hiu: - V sao cu to phn t v tnh cht vt l ca lu hunh bin i theo nhit . - V sao lu hunh va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh. 2. K nng:

95

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Quan st nh hng ca nhit n tnh cht vt l ca lu hunh v vit PTP ca cc phn ng lu hunh tc dng vi mt s n cht (Fe, H2, Hg, O2, F2) II. CHUN B : - Bng tun hon - Dng c, ho cht: S, ng nghim, n cn, gi ng nghim - Tranh m t cu to tinh th v tnh cht vt l ca lu hunh t phng v lu hunh n t. III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT 3/SGK/trang 127 (4pt) Hs2: Vit cc ptp iu ch oxi trong: a) PTN (2pt) b) Cng nghip (1pt) c) T nhin (1pt)

Tit 50

cho hs khc nhn xt, gv cho im c phn nhn xt 3. Bi mi: Trong nhm VIA, chng ta c hc nguyn t oxi, bit c tnh cht ho hc c trng ca oxi l tnh oxxi ho mnh. Hm nay chng ta s hc nguyn t tip theo trong nhm VIA, l nguyn t lu hunh, so snh xem trong cng nhm vi nhau th O v S c nhng tnh cht g ging v khc nhau? Chng ta cng tin hnh nghin cu theo th t nh trong bi oxi nu. HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: GHI BNG

I. V tr , cu hnh electron nguyn t - Gv: dng bng TH xc nh v tr ca - V tr: 16, nhm VIA, chu k 3 lu hunh? - Cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p4 c 6e ngoi cng - Gv: vit cu hnh e ca nguyn t S? II. Tnh cht vt l - Gv: S cng c hai dng th hnh, nhng kh phc tp hn so vi Oxi ho, l lu 1. Hai dng th hnh ca lu hunh hunh t phng (S), lu hunh n t (SGK) (S). Chng khc nhau v cu to tinh th v mt s tnh cht vt l nhng tnh cht ho hc ging nhau. Chng c th bin i

96

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
qua li vi nhau tu theo iu kin nhit . Hot ng 3: 2. nh hng ca nhit n tnh cht - Gv: biu din th nghim nh hng ca vt l nhit n tnh cht vt l ca lu hunh S8 S (rn, 119 C S8 (lng, 187 C S vng) vng) - Hs: quan st s thay i trng thi, mu sc (Qunh nht, 445 C S8, S6, S4, - Gv: gii thch nguyn nhn ca s bin Sn nu S2(14000C), i cc tnh cht , tm tt thnh s S(17000C) - Trong phn ng ch ghi di dng S
0 0 0

Hot ng 4 : ca S d on tnh cht ho hc? tnh oxi ho

III. Tnh cht ho hc lu hunh va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh

- Gv: da vo cu hnh e v m in - S c s oxi ho: -2, 0, +4, +6 - Gv: v S c thm phn lp d trng nn

1. Tc dng vi kim loi v hiro khi b kch thch e c th chuyn sang phn lp d to thnh 4e c thn hoc S + Cu 6e c thn do S ngoi s oxi ho -2(trong hp cht vi kim loi v hiro) S + Fe cn c thm s oxi ho +4, +6 (trong hp S + H2 cht c m in ln hn) khc vi oxi S th hin tnh oxi ho: - Gv: da vo s oxi ho ca S, d on 0 -2 xem tnh cht ho hc ca lu hunh? S + 2e S - Hs: hon thnh cc phn ng v xc nh vai tr ca S 2. Tc dng vi phi kim c m in ln hn: S S + O2 + F2

S th hin tnh kh:


0 +4

S
0

+6

S + 4e

Hot ng 5:

- Hs t nghin cu

S S + 6e IV. ng dng,trng thi t nhn v sn xut. (SGK)

97

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 6: cng c Cu 1: Gii thch v sao S c cc s oxi ho -2, +4, +6 trong cc hp cht? Cu 2: Ly 2 v d phn ng trong lu hunh ng vai tr cht oxi ho v 2 v d phn ng trong lu hunh ng vai tr cht kh? 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang 132 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 10/03 /2007 Tit 51 . Bi 31: BI THC HNH S 4: Tnh cht ca oxi, lu hunh I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Oxi v lu hunh l nhng n cht phi kim c tnh oxi ho mnh - Tnh oxi ho ca O2>S nhng tnh kh ca S> O2 - S cn c tnh kh 2. K nng: bit thao tc th nghim an ton, chnh xc

II. CHUN B : dng c, ho cht: theo v thc hnh


III. PHNG PHP: - Hs hp tc nhm nh t lm th nghim, cc hs lun phin nhau lm th nghim IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp Tit 51

98

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim ta c th dng nhng ho cht no? Chng c c im g c bit? Hs2: Tnh cht ho hc ca O, S c g ging v khc nhau?So snh tnh cht ging nhau?Gii thch? 3.Thc hnh: Hot ng 1: Yu cu hs kim tra dng c, ho cht da theo v thc hnh Gv: nu ni dung ca tit thc hnh Lu hs:

Trong th nghim iu ch kh O2, khi thu ht O2, cn tho ng dn kh ra trc khi tt n cn. Khng gh mt vo ming cc bnh, cc ng nghim khi ang un nng. Ly lng S va phi trong th nghim 3,4 v mang khu trang khi lm th nghim Hot ng 2: Th nghim 1: iu ch O2. Chng minh O2 c tnh oxi ho - Hs lm th nghim - Gv: hng dn hs + thu kh v t dy thp cn gn mu than mi sao cho d chy, khng b ri

+ cn lm sch dy thpv un thnh hnh l xo tng din tch tip xc, phn ng nhanh + Cho thm mt t ct sch vo y l thu tinh cha oxi, phng khi phn ng xy ra nhng ht st chy ri xung lm v l - Hs: quan st hin tng mu than chy hng, khi a vo l cha oxi, dy thp chy sng chi, nhiu ht nh bn tung to nh pho hoa: 3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4 Hot ng 3: Th nghim 2: Tnh kh ca lu hunh

Hs lm th nghim Gv : hng dn hs

+ Dng a thu tinh h nng, nhng u a vo bt thu tinh. t chy S trn ngn la n cn, a nhanh vo l ng oxi + Quan st s chy ca S trong khng kh v trong O2

Lu : bt khu trang, chun b sn mt tm carton y ming bnh, sau cho mt t NaOH vo kh SO2 Hot ng 4: Th nghim 3: Tnh oxi ho ca lu hunh Gv: chun b sn hn hp bt st v bt lu hunh (t l th tch 1:1)

99

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hs lm th nghim, cho vo ng nghim kh hn hp Fe,S khong bng 2 ht ng. Kp cht ng nghim trn gi th nghim. un nng bng n cn. phn ng mnh lit, to nhiu nhit, lm rc hn hp th ngng un Hot ng 5: Th nghim 4: S bin i trng thi ca lu hunh theo nhit

- Gv lu hs: dng t lu hunh

- Hs lm th nghim - S rn, mu vng cht lng, mu vng, linh ng qunh nht, mu nu


hi S mu da cam

- Lu : hng ming ng nghimv pha khng c ngi v trnh ht phi hi lu


hunh c Hot ng 6: - Gv nhn xt u, nhc im ca bui thc hnh - Hs hon thnh bn bo co np - Lm v sinh phng th nghim 4. Dn d: lm ht cc bi tp trong SBT v xem trc bi 32 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 11/03 /2007 Tit 52 . Bi 32: HIRO SUNFUA. LU HUNH IOXIT I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: - Tnh cht vt l, trng thi t nhin, tnh axit yu, ng dng ca H2S - Tnh cht vt l SO2 b) Hs hiu: tnh cht ho hc ca H2S (tnh kh mnh) 2. K nng: - D on, kim tra, kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ca H2S - Vit ptp minh ha tnh cht ca H2S II. CHUN B : - Ho cht: FeS, dung dch HCl - Dng c: ng nghim, nt cao su c ng dn kh u vut nhn xuyn qua

100

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc. IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Bi mi: Chng ta c nghin cu v tnh cht ho hc ca S, hm nay chng ta s c hc v cc hp cht ca S l H2S v SO2. Bi ny chng ta chia lm 2 tit. HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: GHI BNG Tit 52

A. Hiro sunfua - Gv: tnh d(H2S/kk)? Nu nhng tnh cht I. Tnh cht vt l vt l ca H2S? - Cht kh, khng mu, ni trng thi v rt c, hi nng hn kk, t tan trong nc. - Hs nu v hc SGK Hot ng 2: - Gv: gi tn ca H2S trng thi kh v axit? - Hs: nh li cch c tn HCl v c - Gv: H2S l axit 2 ln axit, vy phn ng vi kim c th to ra nhng loi mui no? Vit ptp vi NaOH - Gv: khi no th to mui trung ho, khi no to mui axit? II. Tnh cht ho hc 1.Tnh axit yu: H O 2 Hiro sunfua

axit sunfuhiric

l axit rt yu (yu hn axit cacbonic), l axit 2 ln axit H2S + NaOH NaHS + K= nNaOH/H2S 1 mui axit H2S + 2NaOH Na2S + 2H2O K = nNaOH/H2S 2 mui trung ho 1 K 2 2 mui H2O

Hot ng 3: 2. Tnh kh mnh: -2 + cht oxi ho 0 +4 +6 - Gv: v sao H2S c tnh kh mnh? S S, S, S do S c s oxi ho -2, thp nht a) Thiu oxi: - Gv: tu theo k phn ng m s oxi ho -2 0 -2 0 ca S c th tng ln 0, +4, +6 2H2S + O2 2H2O + 2S -Gv: biu din th nghim t chy H2S khi b) oxi: thiu O2 v O2. -2 0 -2 +4 - Hs: vit ptp 2H2S + 3O2 2H2O + 2SO2 - Gv: v sao dung dch H2S lu trong kk b vn c mu vng? do b O2 ca kk oxi ho to thnh S Hot ng 4 : III. Trng thi t nhin v iu ch

101

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: trong t nhin H2S c u? Trong - Trong TN: (SGK)
PTN, iu ch H2S ntn? - PTN: Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S B. Lu hunh ioxit I. Tnh cht vt l: (SGK) Hot ng 5: - Gv: nu nhng tnh cht vt l ca SO2?

Hot ng 6: cng c BT 1,2,3/SGK/ trang 138, 139 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm 8 trong SGK/ trang 139 + BT 6.19, 6.20/trang48/SBT VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy10/03/2007 Tit 53 . Bi 32: LU HUNH IOXIT. LU HUNH TRIOXIT I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: tnh cht vt l, trng thi t nhin, tnh oxit axit, ng dng v pp iu ch SO2, SO3 b) Hs hiu: tnh cht ho hc ca SO2 (va c tnh oxi ho va c tnh kh), tnh oxit axit ca SO3 2. K nng: - D on, kim tra, kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca SO2, SO3. - Vit ptp minh ho tnh cht ca SO2, SO3 - Nhn bit SO2 II. CHUN B : - Phim v TN ty mu cnh hoa hng, H2S +SO2 III. PHNG PHP:

102

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Gv t vn
Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit 53

Hs1: vit ptp khi t chy H2S trong iu kin thiu oxi v d oxi. Cn bng ptp theo pp thng bng e. 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: GHI BNG II. Tnh cht ho hc 1. Lu hunh ioxit l oxit axit

- Gv: nu tnh cht ca axit H2SO3 - Gv: SO2 tc dng vi NaOH to thnh 2

SO2 + H2O H2SO3 : axit sunfur, l axit yu (mnh hn axit H2S, H2CO3), mui (v H2SO3 l mt iaxit), vit khng bn. ptp? - Gv: xc nh khong ca K to mui SO2 + NaOH NaHSO3 axit hay trung ho SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3 + H2O K= nNaOH/SO2 1 mui axit K = nNaOH/SO2 2 mui trung ho 1 K 2 Hot ng 2: - Gv: v sao SO2 va l cht kh va l cht oxi ho? S trong SO2 c s oxi ho l +4, c th tng ln +6 hoc gim xung 0 hoc -2 - Hs: vit cc ptp, ch ra s thay i s oxi ho 2 mui 2. Lu hunh ioxit l cht kh v l cht oxi ho. a. L cht kh:
+4 0 +6 -1

SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2HBr 2SO2 + O2t0C 2SO3 b. L cht oxi ho:
V2O5

-2 0 Gv: chiu th nghim ty mu cnh hoa +4 hng v phn ng SO2 + H2S SO2 + 2H2S 3S + 2H2O Hot ng 3: III. ng dng v iu ch lu hunh ioxit - hs: nu ng dng ca SO2 1. ng dng: SGK - Gv: trong PTN, ngi a c th iu ch 2. iu ch: SO2 t nhng nguyn liu no? a. PTN: Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + SO2+ H2O b. CN:

103

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gv: hy vit ptp iu ch SO2 t S,
FeS2. S + O2 SO2 4FeS2+ 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2 (qung pirit) C. Lu hunh trioxit Hot ng 4 : 1. Tnh cht - Gv: hy nu tnh cht vt l ca SO3? a. Tnh cht vt l: SGK - Gv: SO3 l oxit axit, vy n c th phn b. Tnh cht ho hc: tnh oxit axit mnh ng vi nhng cht no? Hy vit ptp SO3 + H2O H2SO4 chng minh. - tc dng vi dung dch baz, oxit baz - Hs: vit phn ng di s gi ca gv. Vd: vi NaOH, CaO - Hs: nu ng dng v cch /ch ca SO3 Hot ng 5: cng c Cu 1. V sao trong khng kh c nhiu ngun phng thi ra kh H2S nhng li khng c s tch r kh trong khng kh? TL: b O2 ca khng kh oxi ha n S: 2H2S + O2 2S + 2H2O Cu 2. V sao cc vt bng bc lu trong khng kh b xm en? TL: Do Ag tc dng vi H2S v O2 trong khng kh to ra Ag2S mu en 4Ag + 2H2S + O2 2Ag2S + 2H2O 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT cn li trong SGK VI. RT KINH NGHIM: 2. ng dng v sn xut: (SGK)

- Hs: vit ptp

Ngy15/03/2007 Tit 54 . Bi 33: AXIT SUNFURIC. MUI SUNFAT I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: tnh cht ca H2SO4 b) Hs hiu: - H2SO4 long l axit mnh (i mu cht ch th, tc dng vi kim loi, baz, oxit baz v mui ca axit yu hn) - H2SO4 c, nng c tnh oxi ho mnh (oxi ho hu ht kim loi, nhiu phi kim v hp cht) v ho nc 2. K nng: - Quan st th nghim, hnh nh v rt ra c nhn xt v tnh cht ca axit sunfuric - Vit ptp minh ha tnh cht

104

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. CHUN B : - Ho cht: H2SO4 long, c, kim loi Cu (hoc Fe), mu than (hoc S), t giy - Dng c: gi ng nghim, n cn, gi th nghim, a thu tinh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT10/SGK/trang 139 S: mNaHSO3= 15,6 g ; mNa2SO3= 6,3 g 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH Hot ng 1: - Gv: cho hs quan st l ng H2SO4 c nhn xt tnh cht vt l? cht lng, khng mu, snh nh du - Gv: b sung y - Gv: nu cch pha long H2SO4 c. Yu cu tuyt i khng c nc vo axit H2SO4 c. Hot ng 2: - Gv: H2SO4 long c tnh cht ho hc chung ca axit. Hy nu cc tnh cht v vit ptp minh ho - Hs tho lun nhm: vit ptp, cc hs khc nhn xt Gv: cho im

Tit 54

GHI BNG

I. Axit sunfuric t 1. Tnh cht vt l:

(SGK)

2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh cht ca dung dch axit sunfuric long - qu tm ho - tc dng vi kim loi ng trc HH2 - tc dng vi baz v oxit baz - tc dng vi mui ca axit yu hn

Hot ng 3: b. Tnh cht ca axit sunfuric c: - Gv: nu tnh oxi ho mnh ca H2SO4 c, Tnh oxi ho mnh - H2SO4 c, nng oxi ho hu ht kim loi nng, gi v yu cu hs vit ptp (tr Au, Pt), nhiu phi kim (C,S,P) v nhiu hp cht SO2 , kim loi c ho - Hs tho lun nhm: vit ptp tr cao nht V d:

105

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2H2SO4 + 2Ag Ag2SO4 + SO2 + 2H2O Gv: sa v b sung tnh cht ca 6H2SO4+2Fe Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O 5H2SO4 + 2P 2H3PO4 + 5SO2 + 2H2O H2SO4c, ngui 3H SO + H2S 4SO2 + 4H2O - Gv: lm th nghim biu din H2SO4 c, - H2 SO4 2 4c, ngui khng phn ng vi Al, Fe, nng + Fe, S Cr th ng ho Hot ng 4 :

- Gv: thng bo tnh cht ho nc ca Cn(H2O)m

Tnh ho nc

H2SO4c nC + mH2O H2SO4c( ho than cc hp cht gluxit v d glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bt v (gluxit) xenluloz), mt phn C b oxi ho V d: thnh SO2 v CO2 nn y cacbon ra C12H22O11 H2SO4c 12C + 11H2O khi cc Ch : thn trng khi lm th nghim (saccaroz) vi H2SO4c v n gy bng rt nng 2H2SO4 + C CO2 + 2SO2 + 2H2O Gv: lm th nghim dng a thu tinh chm H2SO4c vit ln t giy (nt ch s ho en) hoc vit bng dung dch Tinh axit: Khi tc dng vi cc cht H2SO4long ri h t giy ln ngn la khng c tnh kh n cn Vd: 3H2SO4 + Fe2O3 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O

Hot ng 5: cng c

1) So snh tnh cht ho hc ca H2SO4l v H2SO4 ? 2) BT 5/SGK/ trang 143


4. Dn d: BTVN: + lm BT 1,2,4,6 trong SGK/ trang 143 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy19/03/2007 Tit 55 . Bi 33: AXIT SUNFURIC. MUI SUNFAT(tip theo) I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: - Vai tr ca H2SO4 trong nn kinh t quc dn - Phng php sn xut H2SO4 trong cng nghip - Tnh cht ca mui sunfat nhn bit ion sunfat b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng:

106

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Vit ptp - Nhn bit ion sunfat - Gii ton lin quan II. CHUN B : - Phim sn xut axit sunfuric (nu c), s sx H2SO4 III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT 4/SGK/trang 143 Hs2: BT 5a/SGK/trang 143 3. Bi mi:

Tit 55

HOT NG CA GIO VIN V GHI BNG HC SINH Hot ng 1: I. Axit sunfuric Gv: axit sunfuric c rt nhiu ng dng 3. ng dng : (sgk) trong sn xut, hy cho bit l nhng dng no? Hs: c sgk Hot ng 2: - Gv: axit sunfuric c sn xut trong cng nghip bng phng php tip xc, pp ny c 3 cng on chnh: sx SO2, sx SO3, hp th SO3 bng H2SO4 - Gv: hy cho bit SO2 c th c iu ch t nhng nguyn liu no? Vit ptp? - Hs: vit ptp - Gv: t SO2, hy vit ptp iu ch SO3? - Hs: vit ptp 4. Sn xut axit sunfuric a) Sn xut SO2: t S hoc qung pirit st FeS2t C
0

S + O2 SO2
t0C

4FeS2 + 11O2 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2 b) Sn xut SO3: 450-500 2SO2 + O2


V2O5
0

2SO3

c) Hp th SO3 bng H2SO4: H2SO4 + nSO3 H2SO4. nSO3

(oleum) - Gv: sau dng axit sunfuric c (98%) hp th SO3 to thnh oleum. H2SO4.nSO3 + nH2O (n+1)H2SO4 Ho tan oleum vi lng nc thch hp s thu c H2SO4 c. Hy vit Tm tt:

107

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
cc ptp - Hs: vit ptp - Gv: gii thiu s , phim sx H2SO4 Hot ng 3: S SO2SO3H2SO4.nSO3H2SO4 FeS2 II. Mui sunfat. Nhn bit ion sunfat 1. Mui sunfat: C 2 loi: - Mui trung ho (mui sunfat) cha ion 2 SO4 :phn ln u tan tr BaSO4, SrSO4, PbSO4 - Mui axit (mui hirosunfat) cha ion HSO4H2SO4 + NaOH NaHSO4 + H2O Natri hirosunfat H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2O Natri sunfat 2. Nhn bit ion sunfat: Dng dung dch cha ion Ba2+ (mui bari, Ba(OH)2):
2 SO4 + Ba2+ BaSO4trng

- Gv: axit sunfuric c th to thnh 2


mui: mui axit v mui trung ho. Hy vit ptp H2SO4 tc dng vi NaOH to thnh 2 mui

- Hs: vit ptp, c tn mui to


thnh

- Gv: lm th nghim BaCl2 tc dng


Na2SO4 v H2SO4

- Hs: nhn xt hin tng, vit ptp


Gv: rt ra kt lun

(khng tan trong axit) V d: BaCl2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2HCl Ba(OH)2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaOH

4. Dn d: - BTVN: + n tp phn l thuyt + lm BT luyn tp trong SGK/ trang 146, 147 VI. RT KINH NGHIM: Ngy 21/03/2007 Tit 56: LUYN TP: AXIT SUNFURIC I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: tnh cht ho hc, tnh cht vt l ca axit sunfuric 2. K nng: gii cc dng ton c lin quan II. CHUN B : Cc dng bi tp III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

108

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp: Hot ng 1: - Hng dn gii BT 6: tnh mdd H2SO4, p dng quy tc ng cho (dng cho pha long dung dch hoc trn ln 2 dung dch khc nng ca cng mt cht): m1 (g) dung dch A c nng C1% C3% m2 (g) dung dch A c nng C2%
m1 C1 C3 = m2 C2 C3

Tit 56

C2- C3 C1- C3

Xem H2O nh H2SO4 0% Hoc: tnh mddH2SO498% mH2SO4 mddH2SO420% mH2O VH2O Hot ng 2: cng thc tng t, thay m bng V, C% bng CM V1 dung dch A c nng CM1 CM3 V2 dung dch A c nng CM2 CM1- CM3 p dng: Trn ln 150 ml dung dch H2SO42M vo 200 g dung dch H2SO45M (D=1,29 g/ml).Tnh CM ca dung dch thu c? Hot ng 3: Phn bit cc dung dch sau:NaCl, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, HCl ch dng dung dch BaCl2 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm tip BT trong SGK/ trang 146,147 VI. RT KINH NGHIM: CM2- CM3

Ngy25/03/2007 Tit 57 . Bi 34:

LUYN TP: OXI V LU HUNH

I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: - Oxi v lu hunh l nhng phi kim c tnh oxi ho mnh, trong oxi l cht oxi ho mnh hn lu hunh. - Hai dng th hnh ca nguyn t oxi l oxi v ozon - Mi quan h qia cu to nguyn t, m in, s oxi ho ca nguyn t vi nhng tnh cht ho hc ca oxi, lu hunh. - Tnh cht ho hc c bn cu hp cht lu hunh ph thuc vo trng thi oxi ho ca nguyn t S trong hp cht.

109

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Gii thch c cc hin tng thc t lin quan n tnh cht ca lu hunh v cc hp cht ca n 2. K nng: - Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t oxi v lu hunh - Gii cc bt nh tnh v dnh lng v cc hp cht ca lu hunh II. CHUN B : - Hs chun b trc cc bi tp nh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. n tp A. KIN THC CN NM VNG: Hot ng 1: I. Cu to, tnh cht ca oxi v lu hunh Tit 57

Gv: Hy vit cu hnh electron ca O, S cho bit m in ca O, S Gv: T hy d on oxi v lu hunh c tnh cht ho hc c bn no? Vit ptp minh ho Tnh cht 2:

II. Tnh cht cc hp cht ca lu hunh:

Gv: Tnh cht ho hc c bn ca H2S l g? Gii thch v sao H2S li c tnh cht . Vit ptp chng minh. Gv: SO2 c nhng tnh cht ho hc c bn no? Vit ptp chng minh Gv: Thnh phn no ca phn t H2SO4 ng vai tr cht oxi ho trong dung dch H2SO4 v trong H2SO4 c? H2SO4 c:

H2SO4long: 2H+ + 2e 2H
+6 0

S + 6e
+6

S
+4

S
+6

+ 2e
-2

S + 8e S 3. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT 6.15, 6.38, 6.41, trong SBT/ trang 47,53,54 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

110

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy30/03/2007 Tit 58 . Bi 34: LUYN TP: OXI V LU HUNH I. MC TIU BI HC: K nng: Gii cc BT nh tnh v nh lng v cc hp cht ca lu hunh II. CHUN B : Hs lm cc bi tp giao v nh, gv chun b cc BT tng t III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Luyn tp Hot ng 1: Hs tho lun lm BT 1,2/SGK/trang 146 Gv: gi 1 hs bt k ca mt nhm trnh by p n v gii thch. Hs khc b sung, gv sa v cho im nhm Hot ng 2: hs tho lun lm BT 6/ SGK/trang 147 (sa H 2SO3 bng Na2SO3). Hs ln bng trnh by p n, hs khc nhn xt, gv cho im Hot ng 3: Hs tho lun BT 8/SGK/trang 147. Yu cu tm tt trc khi gii HD: Tm tt: 3,72 (g) Zn: x (mol) + Sd ZnS: x(mol) + H2SO4 long H2S Fe: y (mol) FeS: y(mol) 1,344 (l)kh(ktc) H2 Fed a) vit ptp b) mZn=? mFe=? S: mZn= 2,6 (g) mFe= 1,12(g) Hot ng 4: (tng t BT 6.15/SBT) t nng mt hn hp gm 2,8 g bt st v 1,6 gam bt lu hunh trong mi trng khng c khng kh, thu c hn hp cht rn X. Cho hn hp X phn ng hon ton vi 250 ml dung dch HCl, thu c hn hp kh A v dung dch B (H= 100%) a) Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca hn hp kh A. b) Bit rng cn dng 125 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1 M trung ho HCl cn d trong dung dch B, hy tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl dng HD: - t trong mi trng khng c khng kh th ch c phn ng gia Fe+S Tit 58

111

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Tm tt trc khi gii S: 50%H2S v 50% H2, CM(HCl)= 0,425M 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT luyn tp trong SBT/ trang 54,55 VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy 03/04/2007 Tit 59 . Bi 35: BI THC HNH S 5: TNH CHT CC HP CHT CA LU HUNH I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: Cng c, khc su kin thc v tnh cht ho hc ca cc hp cht ca lu hunh nh: + Tnh kh ca hiro sunfua + Tnh kh v tnh oxi ho ca lu hunh ioxit + Tnh oxi ho mnh ca axit sunfuric 2. K nng: rn luyn cc thao tc th nghim, quan st hin tng. c bit yu cu thc hin th nghim an ton vi nhng ho cht c, d gy nguy him nh: SO 2, H2S, H2SO4c II. CHUN B : - Gv: Dng c, ho cht theo v th nghim, vit tm tt th nghim ln bng - Hs: c trc bi thc hnh, chun b phn d on hin tng v vit ptp chng minh III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v da vo hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit 59

Hs1: Nhc li cc hp cht hc ca lu hunh? Nu tnh cht c trng ca H2S, SO2?V sao? Hs2: Nu tnh cht ho hc c trng ca H2SO4 c? 3. Bi mi:

112

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 1: Nu nhng yu cu ca bui thc hnh:

- Cn thn, an ton khi lm th nghim vi cc ho cht c v d gy nguy him nh


H2S, SO2, H2SO4

- Gv hng dn mt s thao tc, lm mu cho hs quan st dng c c lp rp thc


hin th nghim tnh kh ca H2S, SO2 Hot ng 2: iu ch v chng minh tnh kh ca hiro sunfua

- Hs lm th nghim theo hng dn trong v th nghim - Gv hng dn hs quan st hin tng, vit PTP, xc nh vai tr cc cht trong
phn ng : Phn ng iu ch H2S: 2HCl + FeS FeCl2 + H2S Phn ng t chy H2S: 2H2S + 3O2 2H2O + 2SO2 Lu : H2S l kh khng mu, mi trng thi, rt c dng lng ho cht nh (FeS bng ht ng), dng c th nghim tht kn, kh khng thot ra, m bo an ton. Hot ng 3: tnh kh ca lu hunh ioxit

- Gv hng dn hs lm th nghim theo v thc hnh - Gv hng dn hs quan st mu ca dung dch brm hoc KMnO4 nht dn - Hs quan st hin tng, vit ptp gii thch xc nh vai tr cc cht trong phn
ng: Phn ng to thnh SO2: Na2SO3 + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + H2O +SO2 Phn ng ca SO2 vi dd Br2: SO2 + Br2 + H2O 2HBr + H2SO4 Lu : Kh SO2 khng mu, mi hc, rt c lm th nghim cn thn, lp dng c kn, dng lng ho cht nh Hot ng 4: Th tnh oxi ho ca lu hunh ioxit

- Gv hng dn hs lm th nghim v quan st hin tng: dd trong ng nghim sau khi


sc kh SO2 vo b vn c, mu vng

- Gii thch: do H2S l cht kh mnh hn, SO2 th hin tnh oxi ho, oxi ho H2S
thnh S: SO2 + 2H2S 3S + 2H2O

- Hs xc nh vai tr cc cht trong phn ng


Hot ng 5: Tnh oxi ho ca H2SO4 c - Gv hng dn hs quan st hin tng, vit ptp , xc nh vai tr cc cht trong phn ng - Hin tng: DD trong ng nghim sau khi un nng c si bt, t khng mu chuyn thnh mu xanh. ng nghim cha nc ct v mu giy qu c bt kh , giy qu chuyn dn sang mu (SO2 l oxit axit): Cu + 2H2SO4 CuSO4 + SO2 +2H2O Lu : cho thm vi git nc thy r mu xanh ca dd Hoat ng 6: - Gv nhn xt, nh gi

113

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
- Hs vit bn tng trnh, dn dp v sinh phng th nghim 4. Dn d: xem li tt c cc dng BT v l thuyt chng oxi-lu hunh, tit sau kim tra 1 tit VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Tit 60: KIM TRA 1 TIT- BI S 4 I. MC TIU BI HC: - Kim tra kh nng lnh hi kin thc ca hs v ton b ni dung trong chng thng qua 40 cu trc nghim - Gv: bit c kh nng ca hs v iu chnh cch dy cho ph hp II. CHUN B : - Mi lp 4 (55 phin bn) v 55 phiu trc nghim III. PHNG PHP: hc sinh cho vo phiu trc nghim IV. NI DUNG: 4 40 cu trc nghim(0,25 im/cu) VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

114

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs:

2. Tnh cht -

115

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc:

116

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : -

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l -

117

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP:

118

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
-

Gv t vn Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv


Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

119

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 6: b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit

120

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

121

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3. iu ch Hot ng 7: 3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH

Tit

GHI BNG

122

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: -

123

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3:

2. Tnh cht -

124

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit:

125

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : -

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l -

126

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP:

127

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
-

Gv t vn Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv


Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

128

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 6: b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit

129

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

130

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3. iu ch Hot ng 7: 3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH

Tit

GHI BNG

131

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: -

132

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3:

2. Tnh cht -

133

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit:

134

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : -

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l -

135

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP:

136

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
-

Gv t vn Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv


Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

137

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 6: b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c:

Tit

138

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

139

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
3. iu ch Hot ng 7: 3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH

Tit

GHI BNG

140

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1: I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5:

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: -

141

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit: b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3:

2. Tnh cht -

142

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

Ngy /2007 Tit . Bi I. MC TIU BI HC: 1. Kin thc: a) Hs bit:

143

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
b) Hs hiu: 2. K nng: II. CHUN B : III. PHNG PHP: - Gv t vn - Hs hp tc nhm nh t gii quyt vn di s hng dn ca gv

Kt hp sch gio khoa v hnh nh trc quan HS t chim lnh kin thc.

IV. NI DUNG TIT HC: 1. n nh lp 2. Kim tra bi c: Hs1: BT/SGK/trang Hs2: BT /SGK/trang 3. Bi mi: HOT NG CA GIO VIN V HC SINH I. Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t Hot ng 1:

Tit

GHI BNG I.Hiro clorua 1. Cu to phn t

2. Tnh cht Hot ng 2: - Gv: - Hs: Hot ng 3: II. Axit clohiric 1. Tnh cht vt l Hot ng 4 : -

2. Tnh cht -

II. Axit clohidrric 1. Tnh cht vt l -

144

Gio n Ho hc lp 10 - Ban c bn
2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh Hot ng 5: 2. Tnh cht ho hc a. Tnh axit mnh

Hot ng 6:

b. Tnh kh

3. iu ch Hot ng 7: -

3. iu ch a. Trong phng th nghim (phng php sunfat):

b. Trong cng nghip: Hot ng 8: 4. Dn d: - BTVN: + lm BT trong SGK/ trang VI. RT KINH NGHIM:

145

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