Trng THPT Chuyn Lng Vn Ty THI GII TON VT L

TRN MY TNH CASIO

Thi gian lm bi : 150 pht
Bi 1 (2 im). Mt ht khi lng 10 (g), dao ng iu ho theo qui lut hm sin vi bin 2.10
-3
(m) v
pha ban u ca dao ng l -/3 (rad). Gia tc cc i ca n l 8.10
3
(m/s
2
). Hy:
a) Vit biu thc ca lc tc dng vo ht di dng hm ca thi gian.
b) Tnh c nng ton phn ca dao ng ca ht.
Bi 2 (2 im). Mt ht thc hin dao ng iu ho vi tn s 0,25 (Hz) quanh im x = 0. Vo lc t = 0 n c
di 0,37 (cm). Hy xc nh di v vn tc ca ht lc lc t = 3,0 (s) ?
Bi 3 (4 im). Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong cun dy
thun cm, c t cm L = 1,5/(H), in tr thun R v t c
in dung C thay i c. in p t vo 2 u on mch A, B
l : u = U
2
cos100t (V). Cho C bin thin th thy khi C = C
o
th
hiu in th hiu dng U
MB
t cc i v bng hai ln hiu in
th hiu dng U ca ngun xoay chiu. Tm Rv C
o
?
Bi 4 (2 im). Mt cu th bng ghi bn bng mt qu pht
n cch khung thnh l = 11 m, bng bay st di x ngang c cao h = 2,44 m vo li. Gi s bng chuyn
ng trong mt phng vung gc vi x ngang v b qu sc cn ca khng kh. Xc nh vn tc ban u ti
thiu ca bng. Ly g = 9,8 m/s
2
.
Bi 5 (2 im). Kho st chuyn ng ca mt vt t khi bt u chuyn ng thng chm dn u cho n khi
dng li hn. Qung ng i c trong giy u tin di gp 15 ln qung ng i c trong giy cui
cng. Tm vn tc ban u ca vt. Bit ton b qung ng vt i c l 25,6m.
Bi 6 (3 im). Mun mc ba bng n, 1 (110V-40W), 2 (110V-50W) v 3 (110V-80W) vo mng in
c hiu in th 220V sao cho c ba bng u sng bnh thng, ngi ta phi mc thm vo mch mt in tr
R0 .
a) Tm cc cch mc kh d v gi tr R0 tng ng vi mi cch mc.
b) Cch mc no li nht (cng sut tiu th R0 l nh nht), v vi cch mc cng sut tiu th R0 l
bao nhiu ?
Cu 7 (4 im). Mt si dy AB c chiu di l = 80cm cng ngang, u B buc cht, u A dao ng iu ha
theo phng thng ng vi tn s f = 40 Hz v c bin a = 20 cm. Vn tc truyn sng v = 20 cm/s. Sng
truyn n u B th b phn x li.
a) Tm bc sng?
b) Vit phng trnh ca sng ti, sng phn x v sng dng ti im M cch B mt khong x ?
c) Xc nh s bng v nt trn dy?
d) Tm bin dao ng ca im M cch B mt khong x = 12,1 cm
Bi 8 (1 im). Mt pittng c trng lng ng k v tr cn bng trong mt hnh tr kn.Pha trn v pha
di pittng c kh, khi lng v nhit ca kh trn v di pittng nh nhau. nhit T th tch kh
phn trn gp 3 ln th tch kh phn di. Nu tng nhit ln 2T th t s hai th tch y bng bao nhiu?
--------- Ht ----------
1
B
M A
C L
R
P N
Bi Li gii im
Bi 1
+ Gia tc a = x'' = -
2
x => gia tc cc i a
m
=
2
A => = (a
m
/A)
1/2
= 2.10
3
(rad/s) 0,5
+ Vy ta c F = ma = - 0,01.(2.10
3
)
2
. 2.10
-3
sin(2.10
3
.t -
3

) = 80 sin(2.10
3
t +
3
2
)
(N)
0,5
+ Vn tc cc i ca ht l v
m
= A = 4 (m/s) 0,5
+ C nng ton phn E
0
=
2
mv
2
m
= 0,08 (J) 0,5
Bi 2
+ Tn s dao ng = 2 = /2 (rad/s) ; Bin ca dao ng A = 0,37 (cm)
Vy x = 0,37sin(
2

t+ ) (cm)
0,5
+ Ti t = 0 th x = 0,37 => = /2. Vy phng trnh dao ng ca ht l
x = 0,37sin (
2

t +
2

) (cm) = 0,37cos
2

t (cm).
0,5
+ Lc t = 3 (s) di l x
t
= = 0,37cos
2

.3 = 0 v v = x'
t
= - 0,37.
2

. sin
2

3 = 0,581
(cm/s)
1
Bi 3
+ Ta c: U
MB
= I.Z
MB
=
2
2 2
1
2
1
L L C
C
U U
y
Z Z Z
R Z

+
+
0,5
+ Nhn xt : U
MB
t cc i th hm y phi cc tiu 0,5
+ Ly o hm ca y theo Z
C
v cho bng khng:
2 2
C L C
Z Z Z R = 0 (1) 0,5
+ T (1)
2 2
0
C L C C L
R Z Z Z Z Z > > (2) 0,5
+ Thay R
2
vo y: 1 + y
min
= 1 +
2 2
2 2
2 150 300
1
2 2 150
L L C C
C L C C C
Z Z Z Z
Z Z Z Z Z

+

0,5
+ Mt khc:
ax
min
1
2 1
4
M
MB
U U y +
2
275 150 0
C C
Z Z + (3) 0,5
+ Gii phng trnh (3) v kt hp vi (2) suy ra
Z
C
= 200: nhn

C= 15,9.10
-6
F
Z
C
= 75 < Z
L
: loi
0,5
+ (1)

R = 100 0,5
Bi 4 + Chn h quy chiu oxy (hnh v).
+ Phng trnh chuyn ng ca bng:
2
( . os ). (1)
1
( .sin ). (2)
2
o
o
x v c t
y v t gt

0.25
+ phng trnh qu o
2 2
2
2 2 2
0 0
1 1
(tan ). (tan ). (1 tan ) (3)
2 . os 2
gx gx
y x x
v c v

+
0.25
+ Ti thi im bng gp x ngang : x = l; y = h
Thay vo (3)
2
2
2
0
1 gl
h (tan ).l (1 tan )
2 v
+
2 2
2
2 2
0 0
1 gl 1 gl
. tan l tan h 0 (4)
2 v 2 v
+ +
0.25
t x = tan. phng trnh ny c nghim khi
2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 4
2
0 l 4( )( ) 0 1
2 2
o o o o
gl gl gh g l
h
v v v v
+ +
0.25
2
min o o
Khi v v
th
2 2
4 2 2 2
min min 2 4
min min
2
1 2 0
o o
o o
gh g l
v ghv g l
v v
+
0.25
t
2 2 2 2
omin
Y v Y 2gh g l 0 (5)
Nghim ca phng trnh 5
2 2
1
2 2
2
Y gh g h l
Y gh g h l 0

+ +

+ <

(nghim Y
2
loi
0.25
2 2 2
mi n
2 2 2 2
mi n
( )
o
o
Y gh g h l v
v gh g h l g h h l
+ +
+ + + +
0.25
2
min
g=9,8m/s
2, 44 11, 59 /
11
o
h m v m s
l m

'

;
0.25
Bi 5
Biu din qung ng ca vt trn hnh v
A B C D
v v v
A C D
0.25
- Xt on ng AB trong giy u tin:

2
AB A A
1 a
s = v .1 + a.1 = v +
2 2
(1)
0.25
- Xt on ng CD trong giy cui cng:

D C C
v = v + a.1 = 0 v = - a

0.25
2
CD C
1 a a
s = v .1 + a.1 = - a + = -
2 2 2
(2) 0.25
- T (1) v (2) ta c:
A A
a a
v + = 15. ( - ) v = - 8a
2 2

. 0.25
- Xt c qung ng AD:
2 2 2 2
D A A
AD
v - v - v - (- 8a)
s = = 25,6 =
2a 2a 2a
0.25
- Ta c:
2
a = - 0,8 (m/s ) 0.25
- Vy vn tc ban u ca vt l:
A
v = 6,4 (m/s)
0.25
Bi
6a
- in tr ca cc bng n :
R 1 D =
1
2
1
Dm
Dm
P
U
=
40
110
2
= 302,5 (
)
0.25 im
R 2 D =
2
2
2
Dm
Dm
P
U
=
50
110
2
= 242 (
)
0.25 im
R 3 D =
3
2
3
Dm
Dm
P
U
=
80
110
2
= 151,25 (
)
0.25 im
0.5
V mng in c hiu in th gp i hiu in th nh mc ca cc n, nn phi
mc thnh hai nhm ni tip, mi nhm c mt s n song song v mc thm in
tr ph R0 sao cho in tr tng ng ca hai nhm bng nhau (dng in qua hai
nhm nh nhau).
C 4 cch mc kh d nh sau
0.5
3
0.5
- Vi s (a) :
0 3 2 1
1 1 1 1
R R R R
D D D
+ +

0
1
25 , 151
1
242
1
5 , 302
1
R
+ +

R0 = 1210 (

)
- Vi s (b) :
0 2 3 1
1 1 1 1
R R R R
D D D
+ +

0
1
242
1
25 , 151
1
5 , 302
1
R
+ +

R0

172,86 (

)
- Vi s (c) :
0 1 3 2
1 1 1 1
R R R R
D D D
+ +

0
1
5 , 302
1
25 , 151
1
242
1
R
+ +

R0

134,44 (

)
- Vi s (d) :
25 , 151
1
242
1
5 , 302
1 1 1 1 1
3 2 1
+ + + +
D D D td
R R R R

Rtd

71,17 ( )

R0

71,17 ( )
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Bi
6b
Cng sut tiu th ca R0 : P =
0
2
R
U
0.25
- V U = 110 V = const nn Pmin khi R max 0
- Trong bn cch mc ta nhn thy rng theo cch mc s (a) l li nht :

R max 0 = 1210 ( )
0.25
- Pmin =
max 0
2
R
U
=
1210
110
2
= 10 (W)
Bi 8
Gi P
0
, 3V
0
l p sut v th tch ca kh phn trn pittng,p l p sut gy ra
bi pittng th p sut v th tch kh phn di l : P
0
+ p v V
0.
V pitng cn
bng nn :
T
V p P
T
V P
0 0 0 0
) ( 3 +
p = 2P
0
0.25
Gi V
t
v V
d
l th tch kh phn trn v phn di pittng, P l p sut kh
phn trn pittng khi nhit l 2T, khi p sut kh phn di pittong l:
P+p= p+ 2P
0
0.25
p dng phng trnh trng thi cho kh phn trn
v phn di pittong ta c :
T
V P
T
PV
t 0 0
3
2
hay V
t
=
0
0
6
V
P
P
;
T
V P
T
V P P
d 0 0 0
3
2
) 2 (

+
hay V
d
= 0
0
0
2
6
V
P p
P
+
0.25
Ch rng : V
t
+ V
d
= 3V
0
+V
0
= 4V
0
Ta c :
P
P
0
6
+
0
0
2
6
P p
P
+
= 4P
2
- P
0
P + 3
2
0
P
=0
Gii phng trnh bc hai ny i vi P, ta c hai nghim:P =
( )
0 0
13
2
1
P P t
,chn nghim dng P = 2,3P
0
.Suy ra :
87 , 1
3 , 2
3 , 4 2
0

+

P
P P
V
V
d
t
0.25
Bi 7
- Tnh = 0,5 cm
0.5
4
- Gi s phng trnh dao ng ca u A : u
A
= 2cos80t
phng trnh sng ti M : u
Mt
= 2cos80(t -
80
20
x
) = 2cos(80t + 4x)cm
phng trnh sng ti B : u
Bt
= 2cos80(t -
80
20
) = 2cos(80t)cm
0.5
0.5
phng trnh sng fx ti B : u
Bfx
= 2cos(80t - )cm
phng trnh sng fx ti M : u
Mfx
= 2cos(80t - 4x-)cm
0.5
0.5
Sng tng hp ti M : u
M
= u
Mt
+ u
Mfx
= 4cos(4x + 2)cos(80t - 2) cm
0.5
Mi b sng di /2 nn s b sng : n = 2l/ = 320 b , mi b c mt bng
nn c 320 bng
0.25
- Nu coi 2 u A, B l nt th c 321 nt 0.25
Bin dao ng ti M cch B 12,1 cm l A = -3,8 cm 0.5
TRNG THPT GIA VIN B
T: VT L
THI GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
Lp tp hun NM HC 2010-2011
Mn : VT L lp 12
Thi gian : 150 pht
Qui nh: Hc sinh trnh by vn tt cch gii, cng thc p dng, kt qu tnh ton vo
trng lin k bi ton. Cc kt qu tnh gn ng, nu khng c ch nh c th, c ngm
nh chnh xc ti 4 ch s phn thp phn sau du phy.
Cu1(5 im): Momen qun tnh ca mt thanh rn, mnh, ng cht c chiu di L, khi lng m i vi trc
quay vung gc vi thanh ti mt u ca n l I =
1
3
mL
2
. Mt ci ct di L = 2,5m ng cn bng trn mt
phng nm ngang. Do b ng nh ct xung t trong mt phng thng ng. Trong khi , u di ca
ct khng b trt. Tnh tc ca u trn ca ct ngay trc khi chm t.; momen qun tnh ca ct c gi
tr nh ca thanh rn.
CCH GII KT QU
Caau1:p dng nh lut bo ton c nng:
+ trng thi ban u W
1
= W
t
= mgh Vi h = L/2 0,5
+ Khi ct tip mt t W
2
= W
d
= I.
2
/2 =
2
2
1
2 3
mL
0,5
+ C nng bo ton nn mg
2
L
=
2
2
1
2 3
mL
=> =
3g
L
1
+ Mt khc v = L. = 3gL Thay s: ta c 0,5
v
s m/ 5761 , 8
2,5
Cu2 (5 im): Qu o ca mt v tinh nhn to l ng trn nm trong mt phng xch o. Hy xc nh
cao cn thit v tinh ng yn i vi mt t. kt qu ly n v l km.
Cho bn knh trung bnh ca tri t R = 6378km, khi lng tri t M = 5,976.10
24
kg , hng s hp dn G
CCH GII KT QU
5
Cu2
+ V tinh chuyn ng trn u xung quanh tri t nn:
2
2
2
2
( ) ( )
( )
mM
G m R h m R h
R h T

_
+ +

+
,
1
+ v tinh "ng yn" th chu k T = 24 gi = 86 400 s. 0,5
+ Suy ra h =
2
3
2
4
GMT
R

. Thay s 1
h
Km 3839 , 35869
2,5
Cu 3( 5 im): Cho c h nh hnh v 2. Hai vt A v B c ni qua si dy khng dn, khi
lng khng ng k vt qua rng rc. Khi lng ca A v B ln lt l m
A
= 2kg,
m
B
= 4kg. Rng rc c bn knh l R = 10cm v mmen qun tnh i vi trc quay ca rng rc l I =
0,5kg.m
2
. B qua mi lc cn, coi rng si dy khng trt trn rng rc. Ngi ta th cho c h
chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u ca cc vt bng 0.
a. Tnh gia tc ca hai vt?
b. T lc th n lc c h chuyn ng c 2s th tc gc ca rng
rc bng bao nhiu? Khi rng rc quay c mt gc bng bao nhiu?
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 3:
a)Gia tc ca h l
B A
A B
2
P P
a
I
m m
R

+ +
B A
A B
2
m m
.g
I
m m
R

+ +
1,5
b)+ Tc gc ca rng rc:
0
t 0 3, 502.2 7, 004rad / s + +
.
0,5
+Gcquay ca rng rc:
2 2
1 1
t .3, 502.2 7, 004rad
2 2
.
0,5
a) a

0,3502 m/s
2
1
b)

7,004 rad/s 1


7,004 rad 1
Cu 4( 5 im): Mt thanh dn in c treo nm ngang trn hai dy dn nh thng ng. Thanh t trong
mt t trng u, vect cm ng t thng ng hng xung v c ln 1 B T. Thanh c chiu di
m l 2 , 0
, khi lng
g m 10
, dy dn c chiu di m l 1 , 0
1
. Mc vo cc im gi cc dy dn mt t
F C 100
c tch in ti hiu in th V U 100 . Cho t in phng in. Coi rng qu trnh phng in
xy ra trong thi gian rt ngn, thanh cha kp ri v tr cn bng m ch nhn c theo phng ngang mt
ng lng p no . Tnh vn tc thanh khi ri v tr cn bng v gc lch cc i ca dy khi v tr cn
bng. Cho g = 10 m/s
2
.
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 4
Ta c : t F p .

U C l B Q l B t BIl p . . . . . .

m
U C l B
v
. . .

. Thay s: 1,5
Ta c: ) cos 1 ( 2
0
2
gl v

gl
v
2
1 cos
2
0

. Thay s: 1
V=0,2m/s 1
0
0
4783 , 11 1,5
6
A
B
Cu 5( 5 im): Cho mch in xoay chiu R, L, C ni tip vi C bin thin. Dng xoay chiu tn s gc

.
Bit khi
4
1
10 .
1

C C (F) th cng sut ca mch cc i P

max
= 100 W.
Khi
4
2
10 .
2
1

C C (F) th U
Cmax
= 100
2
(V)
Tm

, R, L?
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 5:
+ Khi
4
1
10 .
1

C C (F)
Ta c: Cng sut ca on mch: R I P .
2

V R khng i nn mun P max th I max

trong mch xy ra hin tng cng hng

1 C L
Z Z

1
1
C
L

(1) 0,5

R
U
R I P
2
max
2
max
. (2) 0,5
+ Khi
4
2
10 .
2
1

C C (F):
Ta c
1
2 ) (
2
2 2
2
2 2
+
+

C
L
C
L
L
C L
C
Z
Z
Z
Z R
U
Z
Z Z R
U
U

C
U
max th mu phi min

L
L
C
Z
Z R
Z
2 2
2
+

L
L
R
C


+
2
2
1
(3) 0,5

R
L U
U
C
2 2
max
) ( R +

(4) 0,5
T 4 phng trnh ta c: Thay s: 0,5
100 R 0,5
1592 , 314
(rad/s) 1

3183 , 0 L
(H) 1
Cu 6 (5 im) : Bn ht ntrn n c ng nng 2MeV vo ht nhn
6
3
Li ng yn th thu c ht v ht
X c gc hp vi hng ti ca ht ntrn ln lt bng 15
0
v 30
0
. Tm ht X ; Phn ng ny to hay thu nng
lng bao nhiu Jun?(Ly t s gia cc khi lng ht nhn bng t s gia cc s khi ca chng)
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 6:
- Phng trnh phn ng:
1 6 4
0 3 2
A
z
n Li He X + + vi Z = 3 2 = 1; A
= 7 4 = 3
Vy
A
z
X = T
3
1
- Nng lng phn ng ht nhn : W = K
He
+ K
T
K
n
K
Li
= K
He
+
K
T
K
n
(1)
- Tnh K
He
, K
T
thng qua ng lng ca cc ht trn Y
- nh lut bo ton ng lng : P
n
= P
He
+ P
T
(2)
P
T
Vi ht hli v Triti hp vi hng ti ca ht ntrn
X
thu nng lng
J W 6500 , 2
7
ln lt l
0 0
15 ; 30 ( Hnh v )
+ Chiu (2) ln 0X ta c : P
He
cos15
0
+ P
T
cos30
0
= P
n
(3)
P
He

+ Chiu (2) ln 0Y ta c : P
He
sin15
0
= P
T
sin30
0
=> (P
He
sin15
0
)
2
=
(P
T
sin30
0
)
2
Thay P
2
= 2mK ta c K
T
=
0 2
0 2
(sin15 )
0, 268
(sin30 )
He
He
K
K (4)
+ Bnh phng hai v (3) ta c
(P
He
cos15
0
)
2
+(P
T
cos30
0
)
2
+2PHecos15
0
.PTcos30
0
= P
2
n
Thay P
2
= 2mK ta c
m
He.
K
He
(cos15
0
)
2
+m
T
.K
T
(cos30
0
)
2
+ 2 .2
He He T T
m K m K Cos15
0
coss30
0
= m
n
K
n
=>

3,732.K
He
+ 2,25.K
T
+5,796.
He T
K K = 2 (5)
+ T (4) v (5) ta c 3,732.K
He
+ 0,603.K
He
+ 3.K
He
= 2
=> K
He
= 0,273MeV ; K
T
= 0,073MeV
- T (1) ta tnh c W = K
He
+ K
T
K
n
= - 1,654MeV. ( Phn ng
thu nng lng )
Cu 7 (5 im): Mch dao ng chn sng ca mt my thu thanh gm mt cun dy c t cm
H L 3 , 11
v t in c in dung
pF C 1000
.
a)Mch dao ng ni trn c th thu c sng c bc sng
0

bng bao nhiu?

b) thu c sng c bc sng trong khong
10 /
0

n
4 /
0

, ngi ta ghp thm mt t xoay

V
C

vi t C ni trn. Hi phi ghp hai t th no v gi tr ca
V
C
trong khong no?
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 7:
a)+ Bc sng thu c l:

LC c
f
c
. 2 .
0
0

. Thay s: 1
b) Gi C

l in dung ca b t in C v C
v
:
+ Ta c C L c . 2 .

1
0
<

C
C

C C <

C
v
ghp ni tip C
+

2
0

,
_

v
v
C C
C
C
C

100 16
+

v
v
C
C C

+

15 99
C
C
C
v
. Thay s: 1,5
a)
3735 , 200
0

m 1
b)
Ni tip
pF C pF
v
6667 , 66 1010 , 10
1,5
Cu 8( 5 im): Mt vt AB c dng mt on thng t song song v cch mn E mt on L khng i. Khi
x dch mt thu knh hi t trong khong gia vt v mn sao cho thu knh lun song song vi mn th tm
c hai v tr ca thu knh cho nh ca vt AB r nt trn mn. Bit mt trong hai nh cao 8cm v nh cn
li cao 2cm. Hy tnh chiu cao ca vt AB.
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 8:
S phng i: k
1
=
AB
B A
1 1
= -
1
'
1
d
d

AB=4cm 2,5
8
k
2
=
AB
B A
2 2
= -
2
'
2
d
d

=> k
1
.k
2
=
AB
B A
1 1
.
AB
B A
2 2
=
1
'
1
d
d
.
2
'
2
d
d

p dng tnh thun nghch v chiu truyn tia sng ta c:
d
1
= d
'
2
v d
2
= d
'
1
=>
2
AB
16
= 1 2,5
Cu 9(5 im): Ngi ta gn hai lng knh c tit din thng
l cc tam gic vung cn nh hnh v.
Lng knh ABC c chit sut
1
n =2,3,
lng knh BCD c chit sut
2
n .
Mt chm tia sng hp n sc,
song song chiu vung gc ti mt AB
v khc x I mt BC.
a) Mun chm tia sng ny l ra khi mt BD ti I

sau khi phn x ton phn trn mt CD th cc chit sut
2
n phi tho mn iu kin no ?
b) Trong iu kin trn cho 1 , 3
2
n , gc lch gia tia ti v tia l l bao nhiu?
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 9:
a)
2
1
1
2
sin
n
n
r
J trn CD tia sang phn x ton phn:
2
2
1
sin
n
i >

2
1
1
cos
n
r >


2
2
2
1
2
n
n
+
>
tia sang khc x ti I

:
n
i
1
sin
3
<
2 2
1
2
1 2
+ + < n n n

2 2
2
2
1
2
1 2
2
1
+ + < <
+
n n n
n
. Thay s: 1,5
b) Gc lch gia tia ti v tia l
3
0
90 r D
2
2
) 45 sin( sin . sin cos
1
2
1
2
2 0
2 3 3
n n n
i n i n r D


Thay s: 1
a)
4482 , 3 9092 , 1
2
< < n 1,5
b)
D
0
2628 , 44 1
Cu 10 (5 im): Rt nc nhit t
1
= 20
0
C vo mt nhit lng k. Th trong
nc mt cc nc c khi lng m
2
= 0,5 kg v nhit c t
2
= -15
0
C.
a) Hy tm nhit ca hn hp sau khi cn bng nhit c thit lp.
b) Cho bit trng thi ca hn hp khi cn bng, cc tan ra bao nhiu nc.
Bit khi lng nc vo m
1
= m
2
= m. Cho nhit dung ring ca nc C
1
= 4200
J/kg. K. ca nc C
2
= 2100 J/kg. K. Nhit nng chy ca nc = 3,4.10
5
J/kg. B qua
khi lng ca nhit lng k.
CCH GII KT QU
Cu 10:
a)Khi c lm lnh ti 0
0
C, nc to ra mt nhit lng
bng
Q
1
= m
1
. C
1
(t
1
- 0) =m.C
1
.t
1
a) nhit 0
0
C 1
b)
Kg m 0772 , 0
1,5
9
A
B
C
D
Q
1
= 0,5 . 4200 . 20 = 42000J
lm nng nc ti 0
0
C cn tn mt nhit lng
Q
2
=m
2
. C
2
( 0 - t
2
) = m.C
2
.(-t
2
)
Q
2
= 0,5 . 2100 . 15 = 15750 J
By gi mun lm cho ton b nc tan cn phi
c mt nhit lng:
Q
3
= . m
2
= m .
Q
3
= 3,4 .
5
10 . 0,5 = 170 000J
Nhn xt:
1,5
b)

2 1
Q Q
m

. Thay s: 1
S GIO DC V O TO K THI HC SINH GII CP TNH NM HC 2010-2011
NINH BNH GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
Mn : VT L LP 12 THPT
Thi gian lm bi : 150 pht khng k thi gian pht )

IM CA TON BI H TN V CH K M PHCH
(do Ch
tch hi
ng chm
thi ghi)
Bng
s
Bng ch Gim kho 1 :
Gim kho 2 :
Bi 1:
Khi treo vt khi lng m
1
= 100g vo mt l xo th l xo c chiu di l
1
= 31,5 cm. Treo vt
khi lng m
2
= 300g vo l xo ni trn th l xo c chiu di l
2
= 34,3 cm. Hy xc nh chiu
di t nhin l
0
v cng k ca l xo. Ly g = 9,8143m/s
2
.
n v tnh: cng(N/m); chiu di(m).
Cch gii im
Gi chiu di t nhin v cng ca l xo ln lt l l
0
v k,
treo ln lt hai vt m
1
v m
2
vo l xo ta c h phng trnh sau:
{
1 1 0
2 2 0
m g = k(l - l )
m g = k(l - l )

{
0
0
0,1g = k(0, 315 - l )
0, 3g = k(0, 343 - l )
l
0
= 0,3010 (m)
k = 70,1021 (N/m)
Bi 2:
10
Coi rng con lc ng h l mt con lc n, thanh treo lm bng vt liu c h s n di l
= 3.10
-5
K
-1
v ng h chy ng 30
0
C. ng h vo phng lnh -5
0
C. Hi mt tun l
sau ng h chy nhanh hay chm bao nhiu?
n v tnh: Thi gian(s).
Cch gii im
Chiu di ca thanh nhit t
1
= 30
0
C l l
1
, chiu di ca thanh
nhit t
2
= - 5
0
C l l
2
c l
2
= l
1
[1 + (t
2
- t
1
)].
Chu k ca ng h nhit t
1
l T
1
=
1
l
2
g
, nhit t
2
l T
2
=
2
l
2
g
, ta thy t
2
< t
1
nn l
2
< l
1
suy ra T
2
< T
1
ng h chy
nhanh. Sau mt tun l ng h chy nhanh mt lng l:
t = 7.24.3600.(
1
2
T
T
-1) =
2 1
1
7.24.3600. -1
1+(t - t )
_


,
= 317,7703s.

Bi 3:
Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= 5.10
-6
C c t c nh ti hai nh B, C ca mt tam gic u ABC
cnh a = 8 cm. Cc in tch t trong khng kh c hng s in mi = 1,0006. Xc nh
cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ni trn. (cho k = 9.10
9
Nm
2
/C
2
).
n v tnh: Cng in trng(V/m).
Cch gii im
- Cng in trng do q
1
(ti B) gy ra ti A l:
E
1
=
1
2
0
q 1
4 a
, hng t B n A.
- Cng in trng do q
2
(ti C) gy ra ti A l:
E
2
=
2
2
0
q 1
4 a
, hng t C n A.
- Cng in trng do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti A l 2
1
E E E + .
Do q
1
= q
2
nn E
1
= E
2
suy ra E = 2E
1
.cos30
0
= 60,8559 V/m.
E = 1,2171.10
7
N/m.
c hng vung gc BC ra xa A.
Bi 4:
Mt ngi cn th c im cc cn cch mt 14cm, im cc vin cch mt 50cm. nhn
thy vt xa v cng m mt khng phi iu tit ngi phi eo knh loi g, c t bao
nhiu? Sau khi eo knh trn ngi c th nhn thy vt t cch mt gn nht bao nhiu?
Coi knh t st mt.
n v: Khong cch (cm); t (ip).
Cch gii im
f = -OC
v
= - 50cm => D = -2dp.
C
c
: d' = -14cm
cm 4444 , 19
f ' d
f ' d
d

= OC
c
'
D = 2,0000dp
OC
c
' = 19,4444cm
Bi 5:
11
Mt vt tham gia ng thi 2 dao ng
1 1
x A cos( t )
3

v
2
x 4cos( t )
3

+
cm, vi
20 rad/s. Bit tc cc i ca vt l 140cm/s . Tnh bin
1
A
ca dao ng th nht.
n v tnh: Bin (cm)
Cch gii im
cm 7
v
A
max

2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1
2
A A A 2A A cos A 8, 2763cm
3

+ +
Bi 6: Khi l n l t chi u sng c t n s f
1
= 7, 5. 10
1 4
Hz v f
2
= 5,67.10
14
Hz vo
mt ming kim loi c lp th cc quang in t c vn tc ban u cc i tng ng l v
1
=
0,6431.10
6
m/s v v
2
= 0,4002.10
6
m/s. Xc nh khi lng ca in t (ly n 4 ch s c
ngha). Tnh cng thot in t v bc sng gii hn quang in ca kim loi.
Hng dn gii im
p dng cng thc Anhstanh hf = A + 0,5m
e
v
2
0max
ta
c h phng trnh :

2
1 e 10max
2
2 e 20max
1
hf A mv
2
1
hf A m v
2

'
+

2
10max e 1
2
20max e 2
A 0,5v .m hf
A 0,5v .m hf
+
'
+

Gii h phng trnh ta c:

A = 2.991063374x10
-19
, m
e
= 9,56440366x10
-31
Bi 7: Ti hai im S
1
v S
2
cch nhau 12,5cm trn mt cht lng c hai ngun pht sng theo
phng thng ng vi cc phng trnh ln lt l u
1
= u
2
= acos(50t) (cm). Vn tc truyn
sng trn mt cht lng l v = 0,5m/s. B qua s hp th nng lng ca mi trng truyn
sng. Bit rng dao ng do mi ngun c lp gy ra ti im cch tm sng 1cm c bin l
2mm.
a. Tm bin dao ng tng hp ti im M trn mt cht lng cch cc ngun S
1
, S
2
nhng
on tng ng l d
1
= 25cm; d
2
= 33cm.
b. Xc nh s im c bin dao ng cc i trn on thng S
1
S
2
.
n v: Bin (mm).
Cch gii im
a. Do b qua s hp th nng lng ca mi trng truyn
sng; nn bin sng t l nghch vi cn bc hai ca khong
cch.
Bc sng trn mt cht lng l
f
v

vi f = 25Hz.
- Phng trnh dao ng do S
1
gi ti im M l
)
d
t cos(
d
u
M

1
1
1
2
50
2

(mm) (d
1
v c n v l cm).
- Phng trnh dao ng do S
2
gi ti im M l
12
)
d
t cos(
d
u
M

2
2
2
2
50
2

(mm) (d
2
v c n v l cm).
Dao ng tng hp ti M l
M M M
u u u
2 1
+
vi bin dao
ng tng hp l

,
_

+ +

) d d (
cos
d d d d
A
1 2
2 1 2 1
2 8 4 4

,
_

+ +
v
) d d ( f
cos
d d d d
A
1 2
2 1 2 1
2 2 1 1
2

0,7303 (mm)
b. S im c bin dao ng cc i trn on S
1
S
2
:
Xt
25 6
2 1 2 1
,
v
S S . f S S

suy ra trn S
1
S
2
c 13 cc i.
Bi 8: Mt mch in xoay chiu nh hnh 2. Bit R
1
= 10, R
2
=
15, cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 0,5H, t in c in
dung C = 47F, in tr ca dy ni khng ng k. t vo hai
u on mch mt in p xoay chiu u = 100 2 cos(100t) (V).
Hy vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch chnh.
n v: Cng dng in (A);gc (rad); in tr ().
Cch gii im
in tr ca dy ni MN khng ng k nn ta chp M vi N,
mch in tr thnh (R
1
//C)nt(L//R
2
).
Cm khng ca cun cm Z
L
= L 157,0796 .
Dung khng ca t in l Z
C
=
C
1
67,7255 .
Xt on mch AM: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.1
Tng tr ca on AM l Z
AM
c 2 2
1
2
1 1 1
C AM
Z R Z
+
Z
AM

56,0755.
Cng dng in mch chnh nhanh pha hn u
AM
mt gc
1
c

C
Z
R
tan
1
1

1
0,9755(rad).
Xt on mch MB: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.2
Tng tr ca on MB l Z
MB
c 2 2
2
2
1 1 1
L MB
Z R Z
+
Z
MB

108,4825.
Cng dng in mch chnh chm pha hn u
MB
mt gc
1
c
13
R
1
R
2
L
C
A B
M
N
Hnh 2
MB
U
I
L
I
2

2
I
Hnh 2.1
AM
U
I
C
I
1

1
I
Hnh 2.1
MB
U
2

Hnh 2.3
AM
U
1

L
Z
R
tan
2
2

2
0,7624(rad).
Xt c mch AB: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.3
T gin ta c hiu in th ) cos( U U U U U
MB AM MB AM 2 1
2 2
2 + + +
.
Suy ra tng tr ca mch l ) cos( Z Z Z Z Z
MB AM MB AM 2 1
2 2
2 + + +
113,5339.
Cng dng in mch chnh
Z
U
I
0,8808A.
Cng dng in cc i I
0
1,2456A.
Gc lch pha gia dng in v hiu in th l c
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2

cos Z cos Z
sin Z sin Z
cos U cos U
sin U sin U
tan
AM MB
AM MB
AM MB
AM MB
+

0,2537
(rad).
Vy biu thc dng in trong mch chnh l i 1,2456cos(100t
0,2537) (A).
Bi 9.Mt vt chuyn ng thng bin i u theo phng trnh
chuyn ng x = 3 + 2t + gt
2
(x o bng m, t o bng s), g l gia tc trng
trng. Hy xc nh:
a) Thi gian cn thit vt i c qung ng 5m k t khi bt u
chuyn ng.
b) Qung ng vt i c sau 1 pht 5 giy.
Cch gii im
a. Phng trnh phn r
Pb Po
206
82
4
2
210
84
+
.
Nng lng to ra t mt phn r E = (m
Po
m
Pb
m

)c
2

1,0298.10
-12
(J) 6,4273 (MeV)
b. Theo bo ton ng lng
Pb Pb Po Po
v m v m v m +

Ban u
Po
210
84
ng yn nn
Pb Pb
v m v m

Hay l
Pb Pb
K m K m

(1).
Theo bo ton nng lng ton phn c
K

+ K
Pb
= E (2).
T (1) v (2) suy ra ng nng ca ht l
Pb
Pb
m m
E . m
K
+

1,0101.10
-12
(J) 6,3048 (MeV).
Tc ca ht l

m
K
v
2

174,3696.10
5
(m/s).
14
Cch gii im
a) Phng trnh chuyn ng ca vt:
x = 3 + 2t + gt
2
(x o bng m, t o bng s)
Qung ng vt chuyn ng c trong khong
thi gian t l: s = x - 3 = 2t + gt
2
.
Thay s = 5m ta c phng trnh:
gt
2
+ 2t - 5 = 0. (1)
Gii phng trnh (1) bc hai theo t .
x = 0.619316336
y = - 0.823259579 (loi)
Kt qu: t = 0,6193 s.
b) i t = 1pht 5 giy = 65 (s)
s = 2.t + gt
2
Tnh s:
Kt qu: s = 41563,0963 m.
Bi 10: Ht nhn plni
Po
210
84
phn r v to thnh ht nhn
Po
206
82
. Bit m
Po
= 209,9828u; m

= 4,0015u; m
Pb
= 205,9744u.
a. Tnh nng lng to ra t mt phn r.
b. Ban u ht nhn
Po
210
84
ng yn. Tnh ng nng v tc ca ht .
n v: Nng lng (MeV); tc (x10
5
m/s).
S GD& T TNH NINH BNH
TRNG THPT GIA VIN C
THI GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
CP THPT
Nm hc: 2010 - 2011
MN: VT L
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht
( ny gm 10 cu 2 trang)
Ch : Kt qu ca bi thi ly sau du phy 4 ch s thp phn, c p dng quy tc lm trn s.
Cu1: (5 im) Mt on xe c gii c i hnh di 1500m, hnh qun vi vn tc 40Km/h. Ngi ch huy xe
i u ngh mt chin s i m t trao mnh lnh xung xe cui cng. Chin s y i v tr v vi cng tc
, hon thnh nhim v trong khong thi gian 5pht 24giy. Tnh tc ca chin s i m t.
Cu 2:(5 im) Cho h thng nh hnh 1: m
1
=3kg, m
2
=2kg,
0
30 . Ban u m
1
c gi v tr thp hn m
2
mt on
h=0,75m. Th cho hai vt chuyn ng. B qua ma st, khi
lng rng rc v dy.
a. Hi 2 vt s chuyn ng theo hng no?
b. Bao lu sau khi bt u chuyn ng hai vt s ngang
nhau?
15
m
1
m
2
Hnh 1
Cu 3: (5 im) Chiu mt chm nh sng n sc song song c dng mt di mng, b rng a=10mm t
khng kh vo b mt ca mt cht lng c chit sut n=1,5 di gc ti i=45
0
. Di sng nm trong mt phng
vung gc vi mt thong ca cht lng. Tnh b rng ca chm sng.
Cu 4: (3 im) Thc hin giao thoa nh sng vi 2 khe I ng cch nhau 0,5mm v cch mn hng 2m. Khe S
song song v c chiu sng bi nh sng trng.Tnh b rng ca quang ph bc 1 v bc 2 trn mn. Bit
bc sng ca nh sng tm
0.4
t
m
. Bc sng ca nh sng
0, 75
d
m
.
Cu 5: (7 im) Cho mt mch
in xoay chiu nh hnh 2, U
AB
=120
2
cos(100t) (V)

1. K ng, cng dng in hiu dng trong mch l I = 2A, dng in
lnh pha 30
0
so vi in p hai u on mch U
AB
. Tnh L, r
2. K m, cng dng in hiu dng trong mch l I = 1A v U
AM
lnh
pha 90
0
so vi U
MB
a) Tnh cng sut to nhit trn X.
b) X gm 2 trong 3 phn t R, L
1
C ni tip. Tm cu to X
Cu 6: (5 im) Mt ngun m S (ngun im) pht ra mt m, ti im M cch ngun m mt khong SM =
2m c cng m I
M
= 2.10
-5
(W/m
2
).
a. Hy tnh mc cng m ti M bit ngng nghe ca m l I
0
= 10
-9
(W/m
2
).
b. Tnh cng m v mc cng m ti im N cch ngun m mt khong SN = 5,5m. B qua s
hp th m ca mi trng.
Cu 7: (5 im) Coi rng con lc ng h l mt con lc n, thanh treo lm bng
vt liu c h s n di l = 3.10
-5
K
-1
v ng h chy ng 33
0
C. ng h vo
phng lnh -2
0
C. Hi sau mt ngy m ng h chy nhanh hay chm bao nhiu?
Cu 8: (5 im) Ht prtn(p) c ng nng W
p
= 5,48MeV c bn ph vo ht nhn
9
4
Be ng yn th thy to thnh mt ht nhn
6
3
Li v mt ht nhn X bay ra vi ng
nng bng W
X
= 4MeV, theohng vung gc vi hng chuyn ng ca ht p ti. Tnh vn
tc chuyn ng ca ht nhn Li (Ly khi lng cc ht nhn tnh theo n v u gn
bng s khi). Cho 1u = 931,5MeV/c
2
.
Cu 9: (5 im) Mt mol kh nhn nhit lng Q = 110J v dn n theo quy lut V = bp, b l mt h s khng
i. p sut tng t p
1
= 10
5
Pa n p
2
= 2.10
5
Pa . Tnh b? Bit nhit dung mol ng tch C
v
= 1,5R.
Cu 10: (5 im) Cho mch in nh hnh 3. Cho bit
1
= 1,9 V;
2
= 1,7 V;
3

= 1,6 V; r
1
= 0,3 ; r
2
= r
3
=
0,1. Ampe k A ch s 0. Tnh in tr R v cng
dng in qua cc mch nhnh.

----------------------Ht ------------------------
16
K
A B
L, r#0
M
Hnh 2
1 1
, r
2 2
, r
3 3
, r
A
R
A
B
Hnh 3
U
2
AB
= U
2
AM
+ U
2
MB
S GD& T TNH NINH BNH
TRNG THPT GIA VIN C
HNG DN CHM THI GII TON TRN
MY TNH CM TAY CP THPT
Nm hc: 2010 - 2011
MN: VT L
( Hng dn chm gm 3 trang)
Cu Cch gi Kt qu im
1 Chn h quy chiu: Vt lm mc l ngi ch huy, chiu
dng l chiu chuyn ng ca on xe.
- Giai on chin s i trao nhim v: v
13
=v
12
-v
23
12 13 23
v v v +
Thi gian i: 1
12
s
t
v

- Giai on tr v : v
13
=v
12
+v
23 12 13 23
' v v v
Thi gian v: 2
12
'
s
t
v

- Ta c:
1 2
13 23 13 23
324
s s
v v v v
+
+
13
16, 66 / v m s

v
13
= 16,6600m/s 5
2 a. Vt 1 c th chuyn ng trn mt phng nghing
Cn vt 2 c th chuyn ng thng ng.
V
1 2
sin P P p
nn m
2
s i xung.
m
2
i xung, m
1
i ln.
1
b. + Theo nh lut II Newton
1 1 1 1 1
P N T m a + +
ur uur ur ur
(1)
2 2 2 2
P T m a +
uur uur uur
(2)
Chiu (1) v (2) theo th t, ln hng chuyn ng ca
1
m

v
2
m
:
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
sin P T ma
P T m a
+

V
1 2 1 2
; , a a a T T T
ta suy ra: Gia tc chuyn ng:
s m g
m m
m m
a / 9807 , 0
sin
2 1
1 2

+ Lc cng ca dy: T = m
2
(g - a) = 17,6519 N
+ Gi qung ng mi vt i c l:
1 2
s s s
. Khi hai
vt ngang nhau ta c:
s
1
sin

+ s
2
= h

s (sin

+ 1) = h

s =
1 sin +
h
= 0,5 m
+ Thi gian chuyn ng ca vt: t =
a
s 2
= 1,0098 s.

t = 1,0098 s 4
3 B rng ca chm nh sng truyn
trong cht lng. Ta c:
17
U
2
AB
= U
2
AM
+ U
2
MB M

2 2
.cos
' cos
cos sin .
' .
cos cos
9 2
4 4
.10
3 2
.
2 2
a IJ i
a IJ r
r n i a
a a
i n i

'

Vy a
'
= 12,4722 mm
a
'
= 12,4722 mm 5
4 + Khong cch t vn trung tm n vn sng bc n la:
i vi nh sng tm:
a
D
n x
t
t

i vi nh sng :
a
D
n x
d
d

+ B rng ca quang ph bc n: ) (
t d t d n
a
D
n x x x
+ B rng quang ph bc 1: mm x 4 , 1
1

+ B rng quang ph bc 2: mm x 8 , 2
2

x
1
= 1,4000mm
x
1
= 2,8000mm
1,5
1,5
5
1. Khi K ng mch in ch cn cun dy
khi U
AM
= U
AB
= 120 (V)
Z
AM
=
2
120

I
U
AM
= 60 () Z
2
L
+ r
2
= 60
2
(1)
Li c: dng in lch pha 30
0
so vi U
AB
(U
AB
= U
AM
)
tg
AM
=
L
L
Z r tg
r
Z
3
3
1
30
(2)
T (1) (2) c: Z
L
= 30 L = 0,0955 H
r = 30
3
= 51,9615
L = 0,0955 H
r= 51,9615
1,5
1,5
2. Khi K m
MB AM U U
v
AM U
sm pha 30
0
so vi i
U
MB
tr pha hn i 1 gc 60
0
mch MB c tnh dung khng
on mch MB cha C v R
tg
MB
=
R Z
R
Z
C
C
3 3
(3)
+ V
MB AM U U

AB MB AM U U U +
U
MB
=
3 60 60 120
2 2

(V)
Z
MB
= 60
3
()
Ta c phng trnh R
2
+ Z
2
C
= (60 3 )
2
(4)
T (3) (4) R = 30
3
= 51,9615 ()
Z
C
=
3
R = 90 ()

C= 3,5368.10
-5
F
+ X cha C v R
+ R = 51,9615
C= 3,5368.10
-5
F
1
1,5
1,5
6 a. Mc cng m ti im M c tnh theo cng thc
18
I
J
a
r
i
a'
U
2
AB
= U
2
AM
+ U
2
MB M
0
I
I
lg L
M
M

= 4,3010 (B)
L
M
= 4,3010 B 1
b. V ngun m S l ngun im v ng hng, b qua s
hp th m ca mi trng nn cng m t l nghch vi
bnh phng khong cch ti ngun:
2
2
SN
SM
I
I
M
N

.
Cng m ti N l
2
2
SN
SM
I I
M N
=2,6446.10
-6
(W/m
2
).
Mc cng m ti N l
0
I
I
lg L
N
N

= 3,4224(B).
I
N
= 2,6446.10
-6
(W/m
2
)
L
N
= 3,4224(B).
2
2
7
+ Gi chiu di ca thanh nhit t
1
= 33
0
C l l
1
+ Gi chiu di ca thanh nhit t
2
= - 2
0
C l l
2

=> Ta c l
2
= l
1
(1 + (t
2
- t
1
)).
=> Chu k ca ng h nhit t
1
l T
1
=
1
l
2
g

=> Chu k ca ng h nhit t

2
l T
2
=
2
l
2
g
,
NX: Ta thy t
2
< t
1
nn l
2
< l
1
suy ra
1
2
1
>
T
T
ng h chy
nhanh.
+ Vy sau mt ngy m ng h chy nhanh mt lng l:
t = 24.3600.
) 1 (
2
1

T
T
=

,
_

+
1
) ( 1
1
. 3600 . 24
1 2
t t
= 45,3958s
t = 45,3958s
5
8
p dng nh lut bo ton ng lng c: X Li p
p p p

+
Da vo hnh v c: p
2
Li
= p
2
X
+ p
2
p

p
2
Li
= 2m
X
W
X
+ 2m
p
W
p
.
2 2
2
/ 5 , 931 . 36
48 , 5 . 2 4 . 4 . 2
2 2
c MeV u
MeV u MeV u
m
W m W m
v
Li
p p X X
Li
+

v
Li
= 10,7303.10
6
m/s.
v
Li
= 10,7303.10
6
m/s.
5
9 + Theo nguyn l I NLH: U = Q - A (1)
+ Cng sinh ra: A = (V
2
- V
1
)
2
1 2
p p +
= ) (
2
2
1
2
2
p p
b
(2)
b = 5,5000.10
-4
5
19 1
X
p

Li
p

BB
BB
B
+ Mt khc: pV = bp
2
= RT

T = ) (
2
1
2
2
p p
R
b

+ C U = C
V T = ) (
2
1
2
2
p p
R
b C
V
(3)
+ Th 2 v 3 vo 1 ta c:
b=
) )( 2 (
2
2
1
2
2
p p R C
QR
V
+
= 5,5000.10
-4
10 + p dng L m cho cc mch nhnh ta c:

'

R I I I U
U
r I U
r I U
BA
BA
BA
BA
) ( R
2 1
3
2 2 2
1 1 1

'

) 4 ( ) (
) 3 ( 6 , 1
) 2 ( 1 , 0 7 , 1
) 1 ( 3 , 0 9 , 1
2 1
2
1
R I I U
U
I U
I U
BA
BA
BA
BA
Gii h phng trnh trn ta c:
I
1
= 1A; I
2
=1A; I = 2A; R = 0,8
I
1
= 1,0000A
I
2
= 1,0000A
I = 2,0000A
R = 0,8000
5
-------------------Ht----------------------
S gio dc v o to NB
Trng THPT hoa l A
thi gii ton trn my tnh cm tay
Nm 2010- 2011
Mn: Vt l Lp 12
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht
im bi thi Cc gim kho
S phch
Bng s Bng ch Gim kho 1 Gim kho 2
Ch : Cc hng s vt l ly trong my,cc kt qu tnh ly 4 ch s ng sau du phy
Bi 1: (5 im)
Mt t bt u ri A v chuyn ng bin i ti B th dng li. Bit AB di 72,3 km. Chuyn ng
ca t din ra nh sau: thot u t chuyn ng nhanh dn u trong 20 giy, sau chuyn ng u
trong 1 gi v cui cng l chuyn ng chm dn u trong 10 giy.
a) Tnh qung ng t i c trong mi giai on?.
b) Tnh gia tc ca t trong hai giai on u v cui.?
n v tnh: Qung ng (m);Gia tc(m/s
2
)
Cu 2. (5 im)
Mi nhn ca mt m thoa chm nh vo mt nc yn lng rt rng, m thoa dao ng vi tn s f = 440Hz.
Coi bin sng khng i khi truyn i. B qua mi ma st.
1. M t hnh nh sng do m thoa to ra trn mt nc. Bit khong cch gia hai ngn sng lin tip l
4mm. Tnh tc truyn sng trn mt nc.
2. Gn vo mt nhnh ca m thoa mt mu dy thp nh c un thnh hnh ch U c khi lng khng
dng k. t m thoa sao cho hai u mu dy thp chm nh vo mt nc ri cho m thoa dao ng.
a) M t nh tnh hin tng quan st c trn mt nc.
b) Khong cch gia hai u nhnh ch U l AB = 4,5cm. Tnh s im dao ng vi bin cc i trn
on thng AB.
c) Gi C v D l hai im trn mt nc sao cho ABCD l hnh vung. Tnh s im dao ng vi bin
cc tiu trn on CD.
n v tnh: Tc (m/s).
Cu 3(5 im)
Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v (h.1). Hiu in th xoay chiu hai u mch c biu thc : u
AB
=
U
0
.sin100t (V), b qua in tr cc dy ni. Cc hiu in th hiu dng: U
AN
= 300 (V) , U
MB
= 60 3 (V). Hiu
20

BB
BB
B
in th u
AN
lch

pha so vi u
MB
mt gc
2

. Cun dy c h s t cm
1
L
3

(H) vi in tr r, in dung ca
t in
3
3.10
C =
16

(F).
1) Tnh in tr r.
2) Vit biu thc hiu in th u
AN.
n v tnh: in tr ( );Hiu in th (V).
Cu 4(5 im)
Cho mch in nh hnh v. B ngun
in gm 12 pin, mi pin c sut in ng
0
E
v in tr trong
0
r 0,1
. in tr
1
R 1, 2
;
2
R 1, 5
;
3
R 2, 5
v n : 6 V

3W.
a) Tnh in tr tng ng ca mch ngoi.
b) Bit n sng bnh thng, tnh sut in
ng
0
E
ca mi pin.
c) Tnh hiu in th gia hai im M, N v hiu sut ca b ngun.
Thay n bng n : 6 V

9 W. n c sng bnh thng khng? Ti sao?

n v tnh: in tr ( );Hiu in th,sut in ng (V);Hiu sut (%)
Cu 5(5 im)
Ngi ta ni hai pt-tng ca hai xilanh ging nhau bng mt thanh cng sao cho th tch di hai pt-tng
bng nhau.Di hai pt-tng c hai lng kh l tng nh nhau nhit t
0
= 27
O
C, p sut p
0
. un nng
xilanh (1) ln ti nhit t
1
= 77
O
C ng thi lm lnh xi lanh (2) xung nhit t
2
= 0
O
C. B qua trng lng
ca pt-tng v thanh ni, coi ma st khng ng k, p sut ca kh quyn p
a
= 10
5
Pa.
1. Tnh p sut kh trong hai xilanh.
2. Xc nh s thay i th tch tng i ca kh trong mi xi lanh.
n v tnh: p sut (Pa);Th tch(l)
Cu 6(5 im)
Hai vt A v B c khi lng m
1
=250g v m
2
= 500g c ni vi nhau bng mt si dy mnh vt qua mt
rng rc c khi lng khng ng k. Vt B c t trn mt xe ln C c khi lng m
3
= 500g trn mt bn
nm ngang. H s ma st gia B v C l k
1
=0.2; gia xe v mt bn l k
2
= 0.02. B qua ma st rng rc. Ban
u vt A c gi ng yn, sau bung tay cho h 3 vt chuyn ng.
Tm gia tc ca cc vt v lc cng ca si dy.
Tm vn tc ca B so vi C thi im 0.1s sau khi bung v di ca vt B trn xe C trong thi gian .
n v tnh: Gia tc(m/s
2
); Lc cng(N);Vn tc(m/s); di (m)
Cu 7(5 im)
Cho h hai thu knh 0
1
v 0
2
t ng trc cch nhau mt khong l, c tiu c ln
lt l f
1
=20cm

v f
2
=-10cm, Mt vt phng nh AB c dng l mt on thng t
vung gc vi trc chnh trc 0
1
v cch 0
1
mt khong d
1
=30cm
a. Cho l = 40cm, xc nh v tr, tnh cht v phng i ca nh cui cng ca vt
qua h.
b. Xc nh khong cch l ln ca nh cui cng qua h khng ph thuc vo v
tr ca vt AB.
n v tnh: V tr,khong cch(cm)
Cu 8. (5 im)
21
R
(h .1)
L , r C
A
B
M N
M
N
X
1
R
2
R
3
R

C
A
B

BB
BB
B
m
2
m
1
m
3
p
a
T
2
T
1
2 1
Cho c h nh hnh v 1, l xo l tng c cng k = 100 (N/m)
c gn cht vo tng ti Q, vt M = 200 (g) c gn vi l xo bng
mt mi ni hn. Vt M ang v tr cn bng, mt vt m = 50 (g)
chuyn ng u theo phng ngang vi tc v
0
= 2 (m/s) ti va
chm hon ton mm vi vt M. Sau va chm hai vt dnh lm mt v
dao ng iu ha. B qua ma st gia vt M vi mt phng ngang.
a. Vit phng trnh dao ng ca h vt. Chn trc ta nh hnh v, gc O trng ti v tr cn bng, gc
thi gian t = 0 lc xy ra va chm.
b. thi im t h vt ang v tr lc nn ca l xo vo Q cc i. Sau khong thi gian ngn nht l bao
nhiu (tnh t thi im t) mi hn s b bt ra? Bit rng, k t thi im t mi hn c th chu c mt
lc nn ty nhng ch chu c mt lc ko ti a l 1 (N).
n v tnh: Li (cm);Thi gian(s)
Cu 9 (5 im)
Trong th nghim v s giao thoa nh sng vi khe Y-ng, khong cch gia hai
khe l 1,3mm, khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe n mn quan st l 2m.
Chiu sng 2 khe bng nh sng hn hp gm 2 nh sng n sc: nh sng c bc
sng
2
= 0,6563 , nh sng lc c bc sng th thu c h vn giao thoa trn mn.
Bit vn sng chnh gia ng vi 2 bc s trn trng nhau. Trn mn quan st ngi ta
thy gia 2 vn gn nht cng mu vi vn chnh gia c 7 vn mu lc.
1. Gia 2 vn sng trn c bao nhiu vn mu v xc nh khong cch gia 2
vn nay bit nh sng lc c bc sng t 0.55 n 0.6
m
2. Trn mn hng vn giao thoa rng 20mm (2mp mn i xng qua vn sng
trung tm) c bao nhiu vn sng c mu ging mu vn sng trung tm?
n v tnh: Bc sng (
m
)
Cu 10 (5 im)
Mt chm ht

c ng nng E
1
= 4Mev bn vo ht nhn Al
27
13
ng yn, ngi ta thy
cc ht ntrn sinh ra chuyn ng theo phng vung gc vi chuyn ng ca ht

1. Tnh nng lng ma ?
2. Tnh ng nng E
2
ca ht ntron v ng nng E
3
ca ht sinh ra sau phn ng?
Tnh gc to bi phng chuyn ng bi 2 ht
Cho

m
= 4,0015u, m
Al
= 26,97435u; m
p
= 29,97005u; m
n
= 1,00876u.
n v tnh: Nng l ng (MeM); ng nng(MeV); Gc ()
Ht

S gio dc v o to NB
Trng THPT hoa l A
p n thi thi gii ton trn my tnh
cm tay
Nm 2010- 2011
Mn: Vt l Lp 12
Cu p n im
Cu 1 a) Chn chiu dng theo chiu chuyn ng.
Qung ng t i c trong mi giai on:
1.0 im
22
0
v
M
m
k
Q
O
x
( Hnh v 1)
Ta c
1 2 3 1 2 3
0 v v 0
s s s s t vt t
2 2
+ +
+ + + +
Hay:
10v 3600v 5v 72300 (m) v 20 + +
(m/s)
1.0 im
Vy:
1
s 200
(m);
2
s 72000
(m);
3
s 100
(m)
Kt qu:
1
s 200
.0000(m);
2
s 72000
.0000(m);
3
s 100
.0000(m)
1.0 im
b)Gia tc ca t trong giai on u v cui:
1
1
v 0
a 1
t

(m/
2
s ) ; 3
3
0 v
a 2
t

(m/
2
s )
Kt qu:a
1
=1.0000m/s
2
,a
2
= -2.0000m/s
2
2.0 im
Cu 2 - Trn mt nc quan st thy cc gn sng trn ng tm, c tm ti
im nhn ca m thoa tip xc vi mt nc.
- Tc truyn sng trn mt nc:
f v .
= 4.10
-3
.440 = 1,76(m/s)
Kt qu:v=1.7600 m/s
2
0.5 im
a) A v B tha l hai ngun kt hp, hai sng do A, B to ra trn mt
nc l hai sng kt hp.
Trn mt nc s quan st thy hnh nh giao thoa ca hai sng: Trn
mt nc xut hin cc gn li (cc im dao ng vi bin cc i )
v gn lm (cc im dao ng vi bin cc tiu ) hnh hypebol xen
k nhau A v B l hai tiu im.
0.5 im
b) S im dao ng vi bin cc i trn on AB.
- Gi s im M trn on AB dao ng vi bin cc i
Ta c: BM AM = k ( k

Z ) (1)
AM + BM = AB (2)
- T (1) v (2): BM =
2 2
k AB
+
- K: 0 < BM < AB =>

AB
k
AB
< < => -11,25 < k < +11,25 (3)
- C 23 gi tr ca k

Z tha mn (3) , vy c 23 im dao ng vi

bin cc i trn on AB
Kt qu:23.0000 cc i
2.0 im
c) S im dao ng vi bin cc tiu trn
on CD.
- Gi s im N trn on CD dao ng vi
bin cc tiu
- K:

'

,
_

+
DB DA d d CB CA
Z k k d d
2 1
2 1
;
2
1

=>
DB DA k CB CA

,
_

+
2
1
=>
2
1
2
1

DB DA
k
CB CA
=>
-5,16 k 4,16. (4)
- C 10 gi tr ca k

Z tha mn (4) ( k = -5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0 ), vy

trn on CD c 10 im dao ng vi bin cc tiu
. Kt qu: 10.0000 cc tiu
2.0 im
Cu 3
a) Ta c :
AN
+
MB
= /2 . Suy ra :
MB
AN
tg
tg

1

, t :
L C
L
Z Z
r
r R
Z

+
.
Vy : Z
L
(Z
C
Z
L
) = r(R + r), hay : ) ( ) (
R
2
r r L C L
U U U U U U + (1)
0.5 im
23
d
2
d
1
N
B
A
C D
M
N
X
1
R

A B
I

I

BB
BB
B
Mt khc :
2 2
R
2
) (
L r AN
U U U U + + (2)
V :
2 2 2
) (
C L r MB
U U U U + (3)
0.5 im
T (1) (2) (3) ta c
2
2
2
.
MB
r
L
AN
U
U
U
U

,
_

0.5 im
Bin i ta c :
300 5
60 3 3
U
L
U
r

, suy ra : r = Z
L
.
3 100 3
20
5 5 3

. Kt qu: r=20.0000
1.5 im
b)
Ta c :
sin(100 )
0
u U t
u
AN AN
AN
+
.
+ Bin : U
0AN
= 300
2
(V)
+Phabanu
AN AN u AN i u
AN
+ + +

Do:
r R
Z Z
tg
C L
+

(ta c : R + r = Z
L
(Z
C
Z
L
)/r =
100 160 100
3 3 3
100
20

_

,

Suy ra : R = 80
1.0 im
Tatnhc: tg = - 0,346 = -19
.
.1066
0

Talic
100 1
0
30
3100 3
Z
L
tg
AN AN
R r

+

Vy:
49
0 0 0
19 30 49 ( )
180
rad
u
AN

+ =0.8571 (rad)

- Biu thc : ) )( 8571 . 0 100 sin( 2 300 v t u
AN
+
1.0 im
Cu 4 a)in tr tng ng ca mch ngoi
Ta c:
2

U
R 12
P
)
2 3
N 1
2 3
R .(R R )
R R 4, 2
R R R
+
+
+ +
Kt qu: R
N
=4.2
1.0 im
b)Sut in ng
0
E
ca mi pin
n sng bnh thng nn

I 0, 5
U

P
0000A

2
2 3
U
I 1, 5
R R

+
A Suy ra: I = 2 A.
T ta c:
b
b N b 0
6.0,1
(R r )I 4, 2 .2 9 V 1, 5 V
2 6
_
+ +

,
E
E E
Kt qu:E
0
=1.5. V
1.5 im
c)Hiu in th gia hai im M, N
+ V on mch AMB ging ht on mch ANB v on mch AM
ging on mch AN nn
M N MN
V V U 0
+ Hiu sut ca ngun:
N N
b b
U R I 4, 2.2
H 93, 3%
9

E E
1.5 im
24
1
R
2
R
3
R
2
I

I

BB
BB
B
Kt qu:H=93.3333 %
d)Thay n bng n : 6 V

9 W
Ta c:
2

U
R 4

P
T ta c:
+
2 3
N 1
2 3
R .(R R )
R R 3, 2
R R R
+
+
+ +
+
b
N b
9 18
I
R r 3, 5 7

+
E
A
+ Hiu in th gia hai u bng n s l:
2 3

2 3
R .(R R ) 18 36
U I 2. 6 V
R R R 7 7
+
<
+ +
. n sng yu hn
bnh thng.
1.0 im
Cu 5 p xut ca kh trong 2 xilanh
Xilanh (1): TT(1): p
0
, V
0
, T
0
= (27 + 273) K = 300K.
TT(2): p
1
= ?, V
1
, T
1
= (77 + 273)K = 350K.
PTTT:
1
1 1
0
0 0
T
V p
T
V p

(1)
1.0 im
Xilanh (2): TT(1): p
0
, V
0
, T
0
= (27 + 273) K = 300K.
TT(2): p
2
= ?, V
2
, T
2
= (0 + 273)K = 273K.
PTTT:
0 0 2 2
0 2
p V p V
T T

(2)
1.0 im
Pt-tng cn bng c hai trng thi ta c:
2p
0
= 2p
a
=> p
0
= p
a
; 2p
0
= p
1
+ p
2
; V
1
= V
2
(3
1.0 im
T (1), (2), (3) =>
Pa p
T T
T
p
a
5
2 1
1
1
10 . 1236 , 1
2

;

Pa p
T T
T
p
a
5
2 1
2
2
10 . 8764 , 0
2

.
2.0 im
Cu 6
Gi
1 a
r
,
2
a
r
,
3
a
r
ln lt l Cc vct gia tc ca xe A, B, C i
vi bn.
Khi bung tay cho h chuyn ng th gia B v C xut hin lc
ma st trt ng vai tr l lc pht ng i vi xe C.
p dng nhlut II cho xe C:
F
BC
k
2
N
3
= m
3
a
3
(1)
Trong : F
BC
= k
1
m
2
g.
N
3
= (m
3
+ m
2
)g
a
3
= 1.5690m/s
2
.
3
a
r
cng hng vi
BC F
r
1.0 im
. i vi vt B: p dng nh lut II:
T k
1
N
2
=m
2
a
2
.
Hay T -1 = 0.5a
2
(2)
0.25 im
. i vi vt A: p dng nh lut II:
m
1
g T

= m
2
a
2
v a
1
= a
2
nn: 2.5 T = 0.25 a
2
(3)
0.25 im
2) v (3)
a
1
= a
2
= 1.9613m/s
2
.
V T = 1.9613N.
1.0 im
Gia tc ca xe B i vi xe C l : 0.5 im
25
p
a
T
2
T
1
2 1
C
A
B

BB
BB
B
m
2
m
1
m
3
BC 2 3 a a a
r r r
a
BC
=a
2
a
3
= 0.3922m/s
2.
Sau khi bung tay0.1s vn tc ca xe B i vi xe C l :
v
BC
= a
BC
t = 0.0392m/s
1.0 im
di ca xe B trn xe C l :
s =
2
BC
a t
2
=1.9613.10
-3
m
1.0 im
Cu 7 a)Xc nh v tr, tnh cht v phng i ca
nh:
+ Ta c s to nh:
2 2
0
1 1
0
2 1
B A B A AB
0.5 im

) ( 60
20 30
20 . 30
1 1
1 1 /
1
cm
f d
f d
d

0.5 im
d
2
= l-d
1
/
= 40 - 60 = -20(cm) 0.5 im

) ( 20
10 20
) 10 )( 20 (
2 2
2 2 /
2
cm
f d
f d
d
+

0.5 im
+ phng i k =
2 )
20
20
).(
30
60
( ) ).( (
2
/
2
1
/
1

d
d
d
d
Vy nh to bi h l nh o, cch TK 0
2
20.0000cm v
cao gp i vt
1.0 im
b)Xc nh khong cch
l
:
Ta c k =k
1
.k
2
=
) (
. .
/
1 2
2
1 1
1
2 2
2
1 1
1
d l f
f
d f
f
d f
f
d f
f

0.5 im
k =
1 2 1 2 1 1
2 1
1 1
1 1
2 1 1
2 1
) (
) )( (
lf f f f f l d
f f
f d
f d
l f d f
f f
+

+
0.5im
nh c chiu cao khng ph thuc vo v tr ca vt
th:
l - f
1
- f
2
= 0 vi mi d
1
0.5 im
Suy ra l = f
1
+f
2
= 20 +(-10) = 10.0000 cm 0.5 im
L u : HS c th nhn xt khi u A trt trn tia ti song
song vi trc chnh th u A
2
ca nh to bi h cng
trt trn tia l song song vi trc chnh. Khi coi d
1
=

,
d
2
/
=

.
suy ra F
1
/
F
2
l = f
1
+f
2
=
Cu 8 a. Vit phng trnh dao ng:
+ Gi v l vn tc ca h vt sau va chm, s dng nh lut bo
ton ng lng ta c:
mv
0
= ( M + m)v

v = 0,4 m/s = 40 cm/s

+ Phng trnh dao ng ca h hai vt:

'

+
+
) sin(
) cos(


t A v
t A x
Chn gc thi gian, trc ta nh gi thit, ta c:

'

) / ( 40 sin
) ( 0 cos
s cm A v
cm A x

(1)
1.0im
=
20
25 , 0
100

+ m M
k
rad/s (2
1.0 im
T (1) v (2) ta tm c A = 2.0000 cm, = /2.
1.0 im
26
d
1
d
1
/
d
2
d
2
/
+ Phng trnh dao ng: x = 2.0000cos(20t + /2)(cm
b. Xc nh thi gian ngn nht:
+ Lc tc dng vo mi hn l lc ko khi h vt (M + m) dao
ng vi
x > 0
0.5 im
+ Lc tc dng vo mi hn chnh l lc n hi ca l xo F

= k
x
= kx
0.5 im
+ Mi hn s bt ra khi F

kx 1N

x 0,01m = 1 cm
+ Thi gian ngn nht t khi l xo b nn cc i cho ti khi mi
hn b bt ra l thi gian vt chuyn ng t B n P ( x
P
= 1 cm).
S dng hnh chiu chuyn ng trn u ta xc nh c:
t
min
= T/3 = /30 (s) =0.1047(s)

x
x
O
y
N
B
P

2 -2
1.0 im
Cu 9 a) Gia hai vn cng mu vn chnh gia c 7 vn
mu lc thm hai vn mu lc hai u trng nn
c 8 khong vn mu lc,gi k l s khong vn
mu (k nguyn)
Ta c 8i
2
=ki
1
m
k k
k
k

5743 . 0
7 3137 . 7 7042 . 6
6 . 0 55 . 0
8
8
2
2
1
2 1 2

K=7 nn gia hai vn trng c 6 vn mu
2.0 im
Khong cch gia hai vn trng l x=7i
1
=7.0678 mm 1.0 im
b)S vn sng ging mu vn trung tm 1
2
. 2 +
x
L
N
Vi
x
L
2
ly phn nguyn nn N=3 vn
2.0 im
Cu 10
a) P n Al He
30
15
1
0
27
13
4
2
+ +
1.0 im
Nng lng ca phn ng ht nhn
) ( 7572 . 2 ) ( 417556638 . 4 ) (
2
0
Mev j c m m E . l phn ng
thu nng lng.
1.0 im
b) p dng nh lut bo ton nng lng ton phn
v nh lut bo ton ng lng ta thu dc h ph-
ng trnh
E
1
+E
2
=1.24277772
1.00876E
1
-29.97005E
2
=-16
1.0 im
Gii h phng trnh ta thu c E
1
=0.6858 Mev;
E
2
=0.5570 Mev
1.0 im
27
Gc gia ht He v ht P l
2079 . 0 tan
1

P
P
, , , 0
86 . 39 44 101 7444066 . 11
o
1.0 im
Ch :Hc sinh lm cch khc m ng vn cho im ti a
Hc sinh khng lm ra cc kt qu trung gian m ng kt qu cui vn cho
im ti a
Mi phn gm mt na s im xy dng cng thc v mt na kt qu.
Hc sinh thiu hoc sai mt n v tr 0.5 im nhng khng tr qu 5 im
i vi ton bi.
S GIO DC-O TO K THI GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
SC TRNG Kho thi ngy: 28/11/2010
chnh thc
Mn : VT L THPT
( Thi gian lm bi : 150 pht, khng k pht )
thi ny c 9 trang.
Quy nh: : Hoc sinh trinh bay vn tt cach giai, kt qua tinh toan vao trng lin k bai toan. Cac kt qua tinh
chinh xac ti 4 ch s thp phn sau du phy theo quy tc lam tron s cua n vi tinh quy inh trong bai toan.
Bi 1.T cao 20m , ngi ta nm mt vt ln cao vi vn tc ban u v
0
=10 m/s .Tnh thi
gian t lc nm ln n lc vt chm t . Ly g=10 m/s
2
Bi 2. Cc in t coi l rt nh, bay vo mt t in phng c di L = 10cm di mt gc
0, 087( ) rad
n mt
phng ca tm bn v
bay ra di gc
1rad

(Hnh 1). Tnh ng nng
ban u ca cc in t
bit cng in
trng E = 1000V/m.
Cho
19
1, 6.10 ( ) e C

; gc
0
10 < th
sin tan ;

, (vi

o bng rad)
Bi 3. Cho mch in R,L,C mc ni tip ,
1
( ) L H

. t vo hai u on mch mt in p
xoay chiu 100 2 cos100 ( ) u t V . Cng sut tiu th trn mch l 100W.Khi mc vo gia 2 u
cun dy mt si dy kim loi c in tr khng ng k, ta thy cng sut tiu th ca mch
khng i . Tm C v R ?
Bi 4. Mt ng c in mt chiu nh, hot ng bnh thng khi cung cp mt hiu in th
U= 9V,cng dng in I= 0,75A. ng c in ni trn hot ng bnh thng, ngi ta
dng 18 ngun, mi ngun c sut in ng e= 2V; r=2 . Hi b ngun phi mc nh th
no v hiu sut trong tng cch mc l bao nhiu ?
28

L
Hnh 1
Bi 5. Mt con lc l xo c khi lng vt nh l 50 g. Con lc dao ng iu ha theo mt trc
c nh nm ngang vi phng trnh x = Acos t. C sau nhng khong thi gian 0,05 s th
ng nng v th nng ca vt li bng nhau. Ly
2
=10. Tnh cng ca l xo con lc?
Bi 6 . t in p xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i vo hai u on mch gm bin
tr R mc ni tip vi t in. Dung khng ca t in l 100 . Khi iu chnh R th ti hai gi
tr R
1
v R
2
cng sut tiu th ca on mch nh nhau. Bit in p hiu dng gia hai u t
in khi R=R
1
bng hai ln in p hiu dng gia hai u t in khi R = R
2
. Tnh cc gi tr R
1
v R
2
?
Bi 7. Mt bnh cha kh Oxi nn p sut p
1
=15 (Mpa) v nhit t
1
=37
0
C, c khi lng
( bnh v kh) l M
1
=50 kg. Dng kh mt thi gian, p k ch p
2
=5(Mpa) v nhit t
2
=7
0
C, lc
ny khi lng ca bnh v kh l M
2
=49 kg. Hi cn bao nhiu kh trong bnh.Tnh th tch
ca bnh.( khi lng tnh bng kg ; th tch tnh bng lt) .Cho R=8,31 J/mol.K
Bi 8. Cho mch in c s nh hnh v. X, Y l hai hp linh kin, mi hp ch c th cha 2
trong 3 linh kin mc ni tip : in tr thun,
cun cm thun, t in. Ampe k c in tr rt
nh, vn k c in tr rt ln, in tr dy ni
khng ng k. Ban u mc hai im A, M vo
hai cc ca mt ngun in mt chiu th V
1
ch
45(V), ampe k ch 1,5(A). Sau mc A, B vo ngun in xoay chiu c in p
120cos100 ( )
AB
u t V
th ampe k ch 1(A); hai vn k ch cng mt gi tr v u
AM
lch pha mt
gc
2

so vi u
MB.
Hi hp X, Y cha cc linh kin no, tnh tr s ca chng ?
Bi 9. t mt vt AB vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt h quang hc , cch mn hng nh mt
on L = 70 cm; Mt thu knh O
1
c tiu c f
1
= - 20 (cm) t cch vt AB mt khong d
1
= 20
( cm), v mt thu knh th hai cha bit t khong gia mn v O
1;
Ta thu c nh A
2
B
2
r
nt trn mn v cao gp 2 ln AB. Tm tiu c ca thu knh O
2
?
Bi 10.Mt t xoay c in dung bin thin lin tc t C
1
= 10 ( pF) n C
2
= 490 (pF) khi
gc quay ca cc tm chuyn ng tng dn t 0
0
n 180
0
.T c mc vi cun dy c t
cm L = 2(
F
)to thnh mch dao ng .
a. Tm di bc sng m my thu c
b. bt c sng 19,2 m phi xoay t mt gc bng bao nhiu so vi v tr ban u
S GD& T NINH BNH
TRNG THPT NG TH NHM
THI GII TON BNG MY TNH CM TAY
MN VT L
Nm hc: 2010 - 2011
Thi gian: 150pht
Cu 1:
Ti mt im trn mt t ng thi nm hai vt vi vn tc ban u l v
0
= 10m/s. Vt th nht nm theo
phng thng ng, vt th hai nm xin ln trn hp vi phng ngang mt gc l 30
0
.
1.Tm cao cc i ca hai vt, tm xa v vn tc khi chm t ca vt nm xin?
2.

bng bao nhiu trong thi gian chuyn ng khong cch gia hai vt l ln nht? B qua sc cn
khng kh.
29
A X Y
V
1
V
2
A
M
B
Cu 2:
Cho c h nh hnh v. Chiu di con lc n 90cm,
khi lng m
1
= 400g,
0
30 , CD = 120cm, m
2
= 200g
t ti B. Bit BI trn ng thng ng.
Ko con lc ra khi v tr cn bng mt gc
0
60 ri th khng vn tc ban u
m
1
va chm n hi xuyn tm vi m
2
.
Tnh cao cc i ca m
1
, m
2
?
Cu 3:
Cho mt lng kh l tng n nguyn t thc hin chu trnh
ABCDECA nh biu din trn th bn.
Cho bit P
A
= P
B
= 10
5
Pa;P
C
= 3.10
5
Pa;
P
E
=P
D
= 4.10
5
Pa; T
A
=T
E
=300K;V
A
= 20(l); V
B
= V
C
= V
D
= 10(l).
AB, BC, CD, DE, EC, CA. l cc on thng:
a. Tnh cc thng s T
B
,

T
D
v V
E
.
b. Tnh tng nhit lng m kh nhn c trong tt c
cc giai on ca chu trnh m nht kh tng.
c. Tnh hiu sut ca chu trnh.
Bi 4:
Mt con lc l xo treo thng ng gm vt nh c khi lng m = 250g v mt l xo nh c cng k =
100N/m. Ko vt m xung theo phng thng ng n v tr l xo gin 7,5cm ri th nh. Chn gc to v
tr cn bng ca vt, trc ta thng ng, chiu dng hng xung di, chn gc thi gian l lc th vt.
Ly
2
10 / g m s
v
2
10 . Coi vt dao ng iu ha.
a) Vit phng trnh dao ng
b) Tm thi gian t lc th vt n khi vt ti v tr l xo khng bin dng ln u tin.
c) Xc nh ln lc n hi ti thi im ng nng bng ba ln th nng.
d) Xc nh khong thi gian l xo b gin trong mt chu k.
Bi 5:
im sng A nm trn trc chnh ca mt thu knh hi t mng tiu c f = 36cm, pha bn kia
thu knh t mt mn (M) vung gc vi trc chnh, cch A on L. Gi A v (M) c nh, x dch thu
knh dc theo trc chnh trong khong t A n mn (M), ta khng thu c nh r nt ca A trn mn m ch
thu c cc vt sng hnh trn. Khi thu knh cch mn mt on = 40cm ta thu c trn mn vt sng hnh
trn c kch thc nh nht. Tm L.
Bi 6:
Cho mch in nh hnh v. Trong : E = 80V, R
1
= 30 ,
R
2
= 40 , R
3
= 150 , R + r = 48, ampe k ch 0,8A, vn k ch
24V.
1. Tnh in tr R
A
ca ampe k v in tr R
V
ca vn k.
2. Khi chuyn R sang song song vi an mch AB. Tnh R trong
hai trng hp:
a) Cng sut tiu th trn in tr mch ngoi t cc i.
b) Cng sut tiu th trn in tr R t cc i.
Cu 7 Mc cng m ti im A pha trc ci loa pht thanh O mt khong l = AO =1m l L =
69dB. Coi ci loa nh mt ngun pht sng cu v ly cng chun ca m l I
0
= 10
-12
W/m
2
.
a) Xc nh cng m ti v tr A.
b) Xc nh mc cng m ti v tr B l im chnh gia ca AO.
30
C
D
B
I

P
E
P
C
P
A
V
E
V
C
V
A
E D
C
A B
P
V O
A
V
R
3
R
1
R
2
R
A
B
E, r
Cu 8: Mch thu sng ca mt trm v tuyn in c tn s thu f
1
= 9,52MHz. Cn phi bin i in
dung ca t in trong mch thu dao ng nh th no thu c sng
2
= 55,5m ? Ly vn tc sng
in t l C
0
= 3.10
8
m/s.
Cu 9: (3,0 im)
Chiu nh sng n sc c bc sng
1
= 0,4m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Khi t vo ant v
catt ca t bo quang in ny mt hiu in th U
AK
= -2V th dng quang in bt u trit tiu. Cho hng s
Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s, khi lng electron m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg, ln
in tch ca electron e = 1,6.10
-19
C.
1. Tnh cng thot ca kim loi dng lm catt.
2. Nu thay bc x
1
bng bc x
2
= 0,2 m, ng thi gi nguyn hiu in th gia ant v catt trn
th tc ln nht ca electron quang in khi ti ant c gi tr bng bao nhiu?
Cu 10: (3,0 im)
Trong th nghim ca Y- ng v giao thoa nh sng: khong cch gia hai khe hp S
1,
S
2
l a = 0,2mm,
khong cch t mt phng hai khe n mn l D = 1m.
1. Ngun S pht ra nh sng n sc, bit khong cch gia 10 vn sng lin tip l 2,7cm. Tnh bc sng
nh sng n sc do ngun S pht ra.
2. Ngun S pht ra nh sng trng c bc sng nm trong khong t 0,38

0,76

m.
a. Xc nh v tr gn vn trung tm nht m ti nhng bc x n sc ca nh sng trng cho vn sng
trng nhau.
b. Ti v tr trn mn cch vn trung tm 2,7cm c nhng bc x n sc no cho vn sng trng nhau.
S GIO DC & O TO NINH BNH
TRNG THPT NG TH NHM
HNG DN CHM THI GII TON
BNG MY TNH CM TAY
Nm hc 2010 2011
Mn: Vt L
Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht
(Hng dn chm ny gm 5 trang)
Cu
1
(5
i
m)
p n
i

m
Chn h trc to O trng vi im nm Ox theo phng ngang, Oy thng ng hng
ln:
cao cc i ca vt 1;
2 2
0
1 ax
10
5
2 2.( 10)
m
v
h m
g

0
.
5
2 2 2 2
0
2 ax
sin 10 sin 30
1.25
2 2.( 10)
m
v
h m
g

0
.
5
2 2
0
ax
sin 2 10 sin60
8.6603
10
m
v
x m
g

0
.
5
Vn tc ca vt khi chm t:
v
x
= 10cos 30 = 8.6603 m/s
thi gian vt chm t
0
2 sin 2.10.sin30
1
10
v
t s
g

v
y
= v
0
sin

+gt =10.sin30 10 = -5m/s

0
.
5
2.
Vt 1
2
0
1 0
2
;
2
v gt
y v t t
g
+
0
.
5
31
Vt 2:
1 0
( os ) t x v c
2
0
2 0
2 sin
( sin ) ;
2
v gt
y v t t
g

+
Khong cch gia hai vt:
2 2
1 2 2
( ) d y y x +
4 4
2 2 2 2 0 0
0 2 2
8 32 sin sin
2 (1 sin ) sin (1 sin ) . . (1 sin )
2 2
v v
d v t
g g


1
p dng bt ng thc csi ta c:
4 3
4
0
2 0
2 2
sin sin
32 ( 1 sin )
32
2 2
27 27
v
v
d
g g

+ +

2
0
ax
4 2
3 3
m
v
d
g

1
du bng xy ra khi
0
2
sin 41.8103
3

0
.
5
Cu
2
(5
i
m)
p dng nh lut bo tan ng lng : m
1
v = m
1
v
1
+m
2
v
2
p dng nh lut bo tan c nng:
2 2 2
1 1 1 2 2
1 1 1
2 2 2
m v mv m v +
2 3 / v gh m s
Tnh c v
1
=1m/s v v
1
=3m/s v v=3m/s nn chn v
1
= 1m/s vy v
2
=4m/s
1
Sau va chm v
2
chuyn ng thng u trn on CD sau chuyn ng khng ma st trn
mt phng phing, p dng nh lut bo ton c nng:
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
2 2 /
2 2
C D D C
m v m gh m v v v gh m s +
1
Sau m
2
tip tc chuyn ng nm xin
2 2
2
2 ax
sin
5
2
D
m
v
h cm
g


Vy chiu cao cc i ca m
2
so vi mt ngang l: H= h+h
max
=65cm
1
.
5
Vi vt m
1
p dng nh lut bo ton c nng:
2
2 1
1 1
1
5
2 2
F F
v
mv mgh h cm
g

1
.
5
Cu
a.(1im)
p dng phng trnh trng tha kh l tng:
P
A
. V
A
= n RT
A

5 3
10 .20.10 20
300 3
A A
A
PV
nR
T

P
B
. V
B
= n RT
B

20
B B
B
P V
T K
nR

0
.
5
P
D
. V
D
= n RT
D

600
D D
D
P V
T K
nR

P
E
. V
E
= n RT
E

E
5
E
E
nRT
V l
P

0
.
5
b.(2 im)
Trong bi ny, ta quy c: A>0 l cng m kh nhn, A<0 l cng m kh thc hin.
Trong cc giai on A B v D- E th kh b nn ng p, nn nhit ca kh gim
Trong qu trnh ng tch B-D , p sut kh tng nn nhit ca n cng tng. nhit lng
m kh nhn c trong qu trnh ny l:
1
32
3
(5
im
)
1
3 3 20
. . .( ) . .(600 150) 4500
2 2 3
BD D B
Q Q n R T T J
Xt qu trnh bin i E-C-A. phng trnh ng thngECA:
5
5
A A
E A E A
P P V V V
P
P P V V

+

Trong V o bng lt v P o bng 10
5
Pa
0
.
5
Nhit trong qu trnh E-C-A l:
2
3
.( 5 )
20 5
PV V
T V
nR
+ ( T o bng 100K)
0
.
5
T phng trnh trn ta c T = T
max
= 468,75K khi V
M
bng 12,5l.
T tng khi
5 12, 5 l V l
V
M C A
V V V
nn V
M
ng vi 1 im F trn on CA. Nhit ca kh tng trong giai
on E-F. Nhit lng m kh nhn c trong qu trnh ny l: Q
2
= U A trong
ax
2
3
. .( ) 1687, 5
2
2437, 5
1687, 5 ( 2437, 5) 4125
m E
M E
U n R T T J
A SEFV V J
Q J



Tng nhit lng m kh nhn c: Q = Q
1
+Q
2
= 4500+4125= 8625J
1
c.(1 im)
Cng sinh ra trong mt chu trnh:A = S
CDE
S
ABC
= -750J 0
.
5
Hiu sut ca chu trnh: H=
750
.100% .100% 8, 7%
8625
A
Q

0
.
5
3
(5)
1- Gi I l cng dng in trong mch chnh:
Ta c: E = I (r + R) + R
2
(I I
A
) + U
V
80 = 48I + 40 (I 0,8) + 24 I = 1A
U
AB
= (I I
A
) R
2
+ U
V
= 32V
10
1
R
I
U
R
A
AB
A


600
3
R
U
I I
U
I
U
R
V
A
V
V
V
V
2- Ta c: 32
I
U
R
AB
AB
a) Khi chuyn R sang song song vi on mch AB th mch ngoi c in tr
R
R
R
N
+

32
. 32
(1), cng dng qua ngun:
N
E
I
R r

+
(vi r=48-R, 48 R )
Cng sut P ca mch ngoi:
2
2
2
32 ( 32)
[(48 ) 1536]
N N
E R R
P R I
R R
+

+
Ta thy vi R=48 th mu s min cn t s max nn P max. Vy R=48
b) Ta c:
32
.
(48 ) 1536
AB N
RE
U R I
R R

+
Cng sut P ca R l:
2 2
2
(32 )
[(48-R)R+1536]
AB
R
U E R
P
R

Ta thy vi R=48 th mu s min cn t s max nn P max. Vy R=48
0,5
1
0,5
1
0,5
0,5
0,5
0,5
33
4
(5)
Ta c:

R
r
=
/
/
d
L d d +

R
r
=
f d
f d
L
f d
f d
d

+
.
.

R
r
=
fd
Lf Ld d +
2
=
d
L
f
L
f
d
+
V R khng i, r nh nht th

,
_

+
d
L
f
d
nh nht.
iu kin ny xy ra khi :
d L
f d

Thay d = L - (L - 40)
2
= 36L

<

l
L 100cm
L 16cm (lo i)
0,5
(HV
0,5)
0,5
1
1
0,5
1
5
(5)
- Vt m chu 2 tc dng: Trng lc P v lc n hi ca l xo. v tr cn bng
(VTCB) l xo gin mt on l , ta c phng trnh:
0
P F mg k l
mg 0, 25.10
l 0, 025 2, 5cm
k 100

- Phng trnh dao ng c dng:
x Ac ( os t ) +
trong tn s gc:
k 100
20rad / s
m 0, 25

thi im th vt th l xo gin 7,5cm tc l cch VTCB mt on l: 7,5 2,5 = 5cm

os =5 0( )
-A sin =0 5
Ac rad
A cm

' '

a) Do phng trnh dao ng l:
x 5c 20t ) os (cm
b)
min
2
2
3
t 0,1054(s)
60 30

c) Ti v tr c ng nng bng ba ln th nng:

d t
2 2 2
t
2
d t
w 3w
1 1 1 1 1
w 2, 5
1
4 2 2 4 2 2 w w
2
A
kA kx kA x cm
kA

_ _
t t
'

+
, ,

- Nu
2, 5 0( )
dh
x cm l F N
- Nu
( )
2 2
2, 5 2, 5.10 100.5.10 5( )
dh
x cm F k l N

+
d) Khong thi gian l xo b gin trong mt chu k l:
1
0,5
1
1
0,5
1
34
O
5
-5
x
2,5
M
N

4
4
3
t 0, 2108(s)
60 15

Cu7
(5i
m)
a) Ta c : L
A
= 10lg
0
A
I
I
Suy ra 10
0
.10
A
L
A
I I

b) Ta c I
A
=
2
2 2
;
4 4
A
B B A
A B B
R P P
I I I
R R R
_
>

,

Suy ra L
B
= 10lg
0
I
I
B
=
2
0
10lg 10lg 20lg
A A A
A
B B
I R R
L
I R R
_ _
+ +

, ,

Thay s v kt qu:
a)
69
12
10
10 .10
A
I

= 7,94328.10
-4
w/m
2
b) L
B
=
69 20lg 2 +
= 75,02060 dB.
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
Cu 8
( 5
im)
+ Ta c f
1
= 2 0 2
1
1
& 2
2
C LC
LC

+ Suy ra
2
2 2 1
1 0
. C f
C C
_

,

Thay s v kt qu:
2
6
2
8
1
55, 5.9, 52.10
3.10
C
C
_

,

+ C
2
= 3,10183C
1
(tng ln 3,10183 ln)
1.5
1
1.5
1.
Cu 9
Ni Dung im
+ p dng phng trnh Anhxtanh: AK
U e A
hc
.
1
+

=> A = 1,768.10
-19
J = 1,1eV
1
+ p dng phng trnh Anhxtanh:
2
AX 0
2
2
1
M
mv A
hc
+

=>
2
X 0
1 2
2
1
MA AK
mv U e
hc hc
+

+p dng nh l ng nng
AK M M
U e mv mv +
2
AX
2
AX 0
2
1
2
1
=>
)
1 1
(
2
1 2
X


m
hc
v
MA
thay s s m v
MA
/ 10 . 045 , 1
6
X

1
1
Cu
10
+ Khong vn: i = 3mm =>
D
ai
thay s:
m 6 , 0
1
35
O
5
-5
x
2,5
M
N
a) V tr gn vn trung tm nht m ti nhng bc x ca nh sng trng cho vn
sng trng nhau l vn bc 1 trng vn tm bc 2:
+
a
D
2 1 d t d
x x thay s: x = 3,8mm
b) Nhng bc x ca nh sng trng cho vn sng ti
x = 2,7cm tho mn: ) (
4 , 5 .
m
k a
D
k x

+ Ta c:
) ( 76 , 0 ) ( 38 , 0 m m 2 , 14 1 , 7 k
;
k nguyn => k = 8,9..14
Vy c 7 bc x cho vn sng ti v tr x = 2,7 cm.
+ T ta tnh c bc sng cc bc x:
0,675 ; 0,60 ; 0,54; 0,491; 0,45; 0,415; 0,386 (
m
)
1
1
TRNG THPT YN M B GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
Thi gian: 150 pht (khng k thi gian pht )
gm 9 cu
Bi 1: Mt vt c trng lng P = 100N c gi ng yn trn mt phng nghing gc

= 30
0
bng lc
F
r

c phng nm ngang nh hnh bn. Bit h s ma st

= 0,2. Tm iu kin v gi tr ca lc F. Ly g =
10m/s
2
.
Bi 2: Con lc n c chiu di l = 1m, treo vt nng m=100g, b qua mi ma st v lc cn, g ly trong my
tnh.
a) Tm chu k dao ng nh ca con lc
b) a con lc lch khi VTCB mt gc
0
= 60
0
ri th nh, khi con lc ln n v tr c li gc = 30
0
th
dy b tut. Tm cao cc i ca con lc tnh t v tr b tut.
Bi 3 Chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s f
1
= 8.10
13
Hz v f
2
= 15,5.10
13
Hz vo t bo quang in th in p
hm ln lt l U
1
= 2,01V v U
2
= 2,32V. Tm hng s Plang
Bi 4: xc nh v tr ch b chp ca mt dy i in thoi di 4km, ngi ta ni pha u
dy vi ngun in c hiu in th 15V; mt ampe k c in tr khng ng k mc trong
mch pha ngun in th thy khi u dy kia b tch ra th ampe k ch 1,2A, nu u dy
kia b ni tt th ampe k ch 1,8A. Tm v tr ch b hng v in tr ca phn dy b chp. Cho
bit in tr ca mt n v di ca dy l 1,25/Km
Bi 5. Cho mch in c s nh hnh v 5:
150cos100
AB
u t
(V)
a) Khi kha K ng:
AM MB
U =35V, U =85V
. Cng sut trn on mch MB l 40W. Tnh R
0
, R v L
b) Khi kha K m, gi nguyn in p hai u mch in, cc gi tr ca R, L khng i, iu chnh C U
V
cc tiu. Tnh gi tr cc tiu v s ch Vn k lc ny
Bi 6. Trn hnh v biu din mt chu trnh bin i trng thi ca n mol kh l tng. Chu trnh bao gm hai
on thng biu din s ph thuc ca p sut p vo th tch V v mt ng ng p. Trn ng ng p 1-2,
sau khi thc hin mt cng A th nhit ca n tng 4 ln. Nhit cc trng thi 1 v 3 bng nhau. Cc
im 2 v 3 nm trn ng thng i qua gc ta . Hy xc nh nhit ca kh trng thi 1 v cng m
kh thc hin trong chu trnh.
36

F

C
K
V
R
0
, L
R
A B
~
M
Hnh 5
1
2
3
V
p
p dng bng s : n=1, A=9000J.
Bi 7: Chiu mt tia sng trng hp vo lng knh c gc chit quang A = 5
0
theo phng vung gc vi mt
phng phn gic gc chit quang, im ti gn A. Chit sut ca lng knh i vi tia tm l n
t
= 1,54 i vi
tia l 1,5. Quang ph hng ln mt mn nh t song song vi phng phn gic v cch 2m. Tm b rng ca
quang ph trn mn. Lng knh t trong khng kh c n = 1.
Bi 8: Mt ngun S pht sng m truyn i ng hng trong khng gian. Xt hai im A, B nm trn ng
thng qua S c mc cng m ln lt l L
A
= 50dB, v L
B
= 30dB, cho I
0
= 10
-12
(w/m
2
). Tm cng m
ti C bit B l trung im ca AC.
Bi 9: Mt dng ht proton c ng nng W
p
= 5,45Mev bn vo ht nhn Be
7
3
ang ng yn, sau phn ng
thu c ht X v ht c ng nng W

= 4Mev, cho khi lng ca ht nhn bng s khi ly theo n v u.

Tm gc lch gia hai ht X v ht
TRNG THPT YN M B P N GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
Thi gian: 150 pht (khng k thi gian pht )
gm 9 cu
Quy inh: Hoc sinh trinh bay vn tt cach giai, kt qua tinh toan vao trng lin k bai toan.
Cac kt qua tinh chinh xac t i 4 ch s thp phn sau du phy theo quy tc lam tron s cua
n vi tinh quy inh trong bai toan.
Bi 1: Mt vt c trng lng P = 100N c gi ng yn trn mt phng nghing gc

=
30
0
bng lc
F
r
c phng nm ngang nh hnh bn. Bit h s ma st

= 0,2. Tm iu kin v
gi tr ca lc F. Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
Hng dn im
/k:
ms P F N F 0 + + +
r r ur r
vt khng trt xung => F
ms
hng ln:
P.sin F
1
.cos (Pcos + F
1
sin) = 0 => F
1
= P
sin cos
cos sin

+

vt khng trt ln => F
ms
hng xung:
P.sin F
2
.cos + (Pcos + F
2
sin) = 0 => F
2
= P
sin cos
cos sin
+

57,49048 F 87,88267
2
1
1
1
Bi 2: Con lc n c chiu di l = 1m, treo vt nng m=100g, b qua mi ma st v lc cn, g
ly trong my tnh.
a) Tm chu k dao ng nh ca con lc
b) a con lc lch khi VTCB mt gc
0
= 60
0
ri th nh, khi con lc ln n v tr c li
gc = 30
0
th dy b tut. Tm cao cc i ca con lc tnh t v tr b tut.
LG:
Hng dn im
37

F

a) T = 2
g
l
= 2,00641s
b) Khi con lc b tut dy v tr 30
0
th chuyn ng ca n coi nh
mt vt nm xin
Phng trnh ca vt b tut
X = v
0
cos.t
Y = v
0
sin.t gt
2
/2 (1)
Trong v
0
l tc ca vt v tr : v
0
=
) cos (cos 2
0
gl
Tc ca vt v tr bt k sau khi tut
V
y
= v
0
sin - gt, khi ln cao cc i th V
y
= 0 nn t = v
0
sin/g (2)
Thay 2 vo 1: h = 0,09151m
2
1
1
1
Bi 3 Chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s f
1
= 8.10
13
Hz v f
2
= 15,5.10
13
Hz vo t bo quang
in th in p hm ln lt l U
1
= 2,01V v U
2
= 2,32V. Tm hng s Plang
Gii:
Hng dn im
Khi e khng v c Anot th c:
2
2
1
mv
= eU
h
Theo h thc Anh_xtanh: hf = A +
2
2
1
mv
= A + eU
h
Nn hf
1
= = A + eU
h1
v hf
2
= A + eU
h2
Rt ra:
2 1
1 2
) (
f f
U U e
h

= 6,62233.10
-34
Js
1
1
2
Bi 4: xc nh v tr ch b chp ca mt dy i in thoi di 4km, ngi ta ni pha u
dy vi ngun in c hiu in th 15V; mt ampe k c in tr khng ng k mc trong
mch pha ngun in th thy khi u dy kia b tch ra th ampe k ch 1,2A, nu u dy
kia b ni tt th ampe k ch 1,8A. Tm v tr ch b hng v in tr ca phn dy b chp. Cho
bit in tr ca mt n v di ca dy l 1,25/Km
Gii:
Hng dn im
+ M t mch tng ng
Gi L l chiu di ca dy in thoi , x l khong cch t ch
hng n ngun, R l in tr ca phn cch in ti ch b hng
+ Khi u dy kia b tch ( trong mch in tng ng vi kha
k m)
U = (2x + R)I
1

2,5x + R = 12,5 (1)
+ Khi u dy kia b ni tt (trong mch in tng ng vi
kha k ng )

( )
( )
2
.2
2
2
R L x
U x I
R L x

+
' )
+



3,75x
2
27,5x-R+50 = 0 (2)
1
1
1
38
+ T (1) & (2) 3,75x
2
25x + 37,5 = 0 (3)
+ Gii (3) x = 4,38743km >L (loi), x = 2,27924km
T 1 c R = 6,80190
2
Bi 5. Cho mch in c s nh hnh v 5:
150cos100
AB
u t
(V)
a) Khi kha K ng:
AM MB
U =35V, U =85V
. Cng sut trn on mch MB l 40W. Tnh R
0
, R v
L
b) Khi kha K m, gi nguyn in p hai u mch in, cc gi tr ca R, L khng i, iu
chnh C U
V
cc tiu. Tnh gi tr cc tiu v s ch Vn k lc ny
Hng dn im
Khi K ng mch c R, R
0
, L ni tip
Ta c:
( )
2
2 2
2 2 2
AB R Ro L
MB Ro L
U U U U
U U U
+ +
+
T c
2 2 2
40
2
AB R MB
Ro
AM
U U U
U V
U


2 2
75
L MB Ro
U U U V
Do :
2
0
40
Ro
U
R
P
,
1
Ro
o
U
I A
R

,

35
R
U
R
I

,
L = 0,23873H
b. C U
V
= I.
2 2
0
) (
C L
Z Z R + =
=
2 2
0
) ( ) (
C L
Z Z R R
U
+ +

2 2
0
) (
C L
Z Z R +
=
2 2
0
0
2
) (
2
1
C l
Z Z R
RR R
U
+
+
+
U
V
min th Z
C
= Z
L
nn C = 1,35095.10
-7
F
U
V
= 40 2 V
2
1
1
1
Bi 6. Trn hnh v biu din mt chu trnh bin i trng thi ca n mol kh l tng. Chu trnh
bao gm hai on thng biu din s ph thuc ca p sut p vo th tch V v mt ng ng
p. Trn ng ng p 1-2, sau khi thc hin mt cng A th nhit ca n tng 4 ln. Nhit
cc trng thi 1 v 3 bng nhau. Cc im 2 v 3 nm trn ng thng i qua gc ta .
Hy xc nh nhit ca kh trng thi 1 v cng m kh thc hin trong chu trnh.
p dng bng s : n=1, A=9000J.
39
C
K
V
R
0
, L
R
A B
~
M
Hnh 5
1
2
3
V
p
m
22
- Kt hp vi phng trnh trng thi (1) v nhit T1 theo (2) ta tm
c:
V
1
= nRT
1
/P
1
= A/3p
1
(4) v V
2
= 4nRT
1
/P
1
= 4A/3p
1
(5)
-Thay (4) vo (5) ta c biu thc tnh cng trong c chu trnh: A
123
=
3
1
p A
1 -
2 p
_

,
(6)
- V cc trng thi 2 v 3 nm trn cng mt ng thng qua gc ta
nn:
p
3
/p
1
=V
3
/V
2
(7), vi V
3
= nRT
1
/p
3
= A/3p
3
(8)
- Thay(5), (8) vo (7) ta nhn c: p
3
/p
1
= p
1
/4p
3
p
3
/p
1
= 1/2 (9)
- Thay (9) vo (6) ta tnh c cng ca kh trong chu trnh: A
123
= A/4
Thay s ta c: A
123
=2250J.
1
1
1
Bi 7: Chiu mt tia sng trng hp vo lng knh c gc chit quang A = 5
0
theo phng vung
gc vi mt phng phn gic gc chit quang, im ti gn A. Chit sut ca lng knh i
vi tia tm l n
t
= 1,54 i vi tia l 1,5. Quang ph hng ln mt mn nh t song song vi
phng phn gic v cch 2m. Tm b rng ca quang ph trn mn. Lng knh t trong khng
kh c n = 1.
Hng dn im
40
E
A
O
D
T
m
22
Gc lch ca tia :
D

= A(n

1) nn
OD = AO.tanD

0,87322m
Gc lch ca tia tm:
D
T
= A(n
t
1) nn
OT = AO.tanD
T
0,94318m
Do DT = 6,99572.10
-3
m
1
1
1
1
Bi 8: Mt ngun S pht sng m truyn i ng hng trong khng gian. Xt hai im A, B
nm trn ng thng qua S c mc cng m ln lt l L
A
= 50dB, v L
B
= 30dB, cho I
0
=
10
-12
(w/m
2
). Tm cng m ti C bit B l trung im ca AC.
Hng dn im
p dng: L = 10lg(I/I
0
) v P = 4r
2
I ta c
2

,
_

A
B
B
A
r
r
I
I
= 100 nn r
B
= 10r
A

C r
B
=
2
C A
r r +
nn r
C
= 19r
A
do
361
1
2

,
_

C
A
A
C
r
r
I
I
Tnh c I
C
= 2,77008.10
-10
(w/m
2
).
2
2
1
Bi 9: Mt dng ht proton c ng nng W
p
= 5,45Mev bn vo ht nhn
Be
7
3
ang ng yn,
sau phn ng thu c ht X v ht c ng nng W

= 4Mev, cho khi lng ca ht nhn

bng s khi ly theo n v u. Tm gc lch gia hai ht X v ht
Hng dn im
T hnh c:
P
x1
2
= P
h
2
+ P
x2
2
.
Thay P
2
= 2mW vo c
W
x
=
X
H H
m
W m W m

+
= 3,575 Mev
T hnh v cosx = -cos = -
X x
W m
W m
2
2

nn x = 149
0
4351,04
1
1
1
S Gio dc v o to Ninh Bnh
Trng THPT T Uyn
K THI GII TON VT L TRN MY TNH
CM TAY
Nm hc 2010 2011
Lp 12
Thi gian: 150pht - Khng k thi gian giao
Ch :
- thi ny gm 4 trang, 10 bi, mi bi 5 im.
- Th sinh lm bi trc tip vo bn thi ny.
Bi 1. Vt m = 200g c th ri khng vn tc ban u t mt ni cao. Gi thit rng lc
cn t l vi bnh phng tc ca vt (h s t l k = 0,002 Ns
2
/m
2
). Hy tnh:
a. Tc ti a m vt c th t c.
b. Khong thi gian t lc bt u th vt n khi n t tc bng 75% tc ti a.
n v: Vn tc (m/s); thi gian (s).
Bi 2. Trn mt ngang khng ma st, hai vt c khi lng
1
m
v
2
m
ni vi nhau bi mt si
dy khng gin v c th chu c lc cng
0
T
. Tc dng ln vt cc lc t l thun vi thi gian
41
H
P

X
P

2
m
m
1
m
22
2
F
r
1 1
F t
,
2 2
F t
, trong
1

v
2

l cc h s hng s c th nguyn,
t
l thi gian tc dng lc.
Xc nh thi im dy b t.

Bi 3. Cn rung c mi nhn A chm vo mt nc vi tn s rung f = 100Hz, th trn mt
nc c sng lan truyn vi khong cch gia 2 ngn sng lin tip l 0,5 cm. Chiu sng mt nc
bng n nhp nhy pht ra 25 chp sng trong 1s. Trnh by hin tng quan st c?
Bi 4. Ti hai im S
1
v S
2
cch nhau 14,0cm trn mt cht lng c hai ngun pht sng theo
phng thng ng vi cc phng trnh ln lt l u
1
= u
2
= acos(50t) (cm). Vn tc truyn sng trn
mt cht lng l v = 0,5m/s. B qua s hp th nng lng ca mi trng truyn sng. Bit rng dao
ng do mi ngun c lp gy ra ti im cch tm sng 1cm c bin l 2mm.
a. Tm bin dao ng tng hp ti im M trn mt cht lng cch cc ngun S
1
, S
2
nhng on
tng ng l d
1
= 25cm; d
2
= 33cm.
b. Xc nh s im c bin dao ng cc i trn on thng S
1
S
2
.
Bi 5. Hai in tch q
1
= +3nC; q
2
= - 5nC t ti hai im A, B trong chn khng (AB = a =
25cm). Hy tm mt im M trn on thng AB sao cho ti cng in trng c ln E =
4000 V/m. n v: Khong cch (cm).
Bi 6. Mt mch in xoay chiu nh hnh. Bit R
1
= 10, R
2
=
15, cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 0,5H, t in c in dung
C = 47F, in tr ca dy ni khng ng k. t vo hai u on
mch mt in p xoay chiu u = 100 2 cos(100t) (V). Hy vit biu
thc cng dng in trong mch chnh.
n v: Cng dng in (A);gc (rad); in tr ().
Bi 7. Ht nhn plni
Po
210
84
phn r v to thnh ht nhn
Po
206
82
. Bit m
Po
= 209,9828u; m

=
4,0015u; m
Pb
= 205,9744u.
a. Tnh nng lng to ra t mt phn r.
b. Ban u ht nhn
Po
210
84
ng yn. Tnh ng nng v tc ca ht .
n v: Nng lng (MeV); tc (x10
5
m/s).
Bi 8. Hy tnh tc ca lectron chuyn ng trn qu o K, L trong nguyn t hir.
n v: Vn tc (x10
6
m/s).
Bi 9. Mt vt c khi lng m = 4,8kg ang nm yn trn sn nh. Tc dng vo vt mt
lc ko c phng hp vi phng chuyn ng mt gc = 30
0
v c ln l F. H s ma st
trt gia vt v sn l
t
= 0,25. Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
a) Tnh F vt chuyn ng nhanh dn u vi gia tc a = 0,5m/s
2
?
b) Sau 3s th lc ko ngng tc dng. Tnh thi gian vt cn i thm trc khi dng hn?
Bi 10. T nh thp cao H, ngi ta nm mt hn vi vn tc ti thiu bng bao nhiu
hn ri cch chn thp mt khong L cho trc. Tnh gc nm ng vi vn tc ti thiu .
Ht
Ghi ch: Cn b coi thi khng cn gii thch g thm.
S Gio dc v o to Ninh Bnh
Trng THPT T Uyn
P N V HNG DN CHO IM THI
GII TON VT L TRN MTCT
Nm hc 2010 2011
Lp 12
Bi 1:
a. Tc ti a m vt c th t c l v
max
, khi lc cn cn bng vi trng lc:
k
mg
v mg v . k
max max

2
31,3156 (m/s).
42
R
1
R
2
L
C
A B
M
N
b. Xt trong khong thi gian dt (rt ngn) k t thi im t tc ca vt l v (coi nh
khng i trong khong thi gian dt). Phng trnh ng lc hc vit cho vt l
dt
v
m
k
g
dv
kv mg
dt
dv
m

2
2
Ly tch phn hai v

t v ,
dt
v
m
k
g
dv
max
0
75 0
0
2

max
v ,
v
m
k
g
dv
t
75 0
0
2
3,1069 (s).
Vy thi gian t lc th vt n lc tc ca vt bng 75% tc ti a l t 3,1069 (s).
Bi 2
Gi lc cng ca dy khi cha t l T . Chn chiu (+) t tri sang phi.
ln ca gia tc nh nhau cho c hai vt, nn :

1 2
1 2
F T T F
a
m m

1 2 2 1
1 2
( ) m m t
T
m m
+

+
(*)
Phng trnh (*) cho thy lc cng T tng theo thi gian. Vy thi gian dy t l :

1 2 0
1 2 2 1
( )
d
m m T
t
m m
+

+
Bi 3
- Thi gian gia hai ln chp sng l t
0
= 1/25 = 0,04s
- Chu k ca sng T = 1/f = 1/100 = 0,01s
- T suy ra t
0
= 4T.
- Ta thy trong khong 2 ln chp sng t
0
sng truyn i mt qung ng s = 4 = 2
cm
cc ngn sng i ch cho nhau.
Nh vy khi c chp sng ta c cm gic hnh nh sng khng lan truyn trn mt nc
( cc ngn sng hnh nh ng yn )
Bi 4
a. Do b qua s hp th nng lng ca mi trng truyn sng; nn bin sng t l
nghch vi cn bc hai ca khong cch.
Bc sng trn mt cht lng l
f
v

vi f = 25Hz.
- Phng trnh dao ng do S
1
gi ti im M l
)
d
t cos(
d
u
M

1
1
1
2
50
2

(mm) (d
1
v
c n v l cm).
- Phng trnh dao ng do S
2
gi ti im M l
)
d
t cos(
d
u
M

2
2
2
2
50
2

(mm) (d
2
v c n v l cm).
Dao ng tng hp ti M l
M M M
u u u
2 1
+
vi bin dao ng tng hp l

,
_

+ +

) d d (
cos
d d d d
A
1 2
2 1 2 1
2 8 4 4

,
_

+ +
v
) d d ( f
cos
d d d d
A
1 2
2 1 2 1
2 2 1 1
2

0,7303 (mm
43
b. S im c bin dao ng cc i trn on S
1
S
2
:
Xt
25 6
2 1 2 1
,
v
S S . f S S

suy ra trn S
1
S
2
c 13 cc i.
Bi 5
im M nm trn on AB, t khong cch AM = x; khong cch BM l (a x).
Cng in trng ti im M c ln l
2
0
2
2
0
1
4 4 ) x a (
q
x
q
E

+

(*)
Gii phng trnh (*) ta c x
1
9,6109 cm; x
2
18,1082 cm.
Vy im M nm trn on AB v cch A mt khong 9,6109 cm hoc 18,1082 cm.
Bi 6
in tr ca dy ni MN khng ng k nn ta chp M vi N, mch in tr thnh
(R
1
//C)nt(L//R
2
).
Cm khng ca cun cm Z
L
= L 157,0796 .
Dung khng ca t in l Z
C
=
C
1
67,7255 .
Xt on mch AM: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.1
Tng tr ca on AM l Z
AM
c
2 2
1
2
1 1 1
C AM
Z R Z
+
Z
AM
56,0755.
Cng dng in mch chnh nhanh pha hn u
AM
mt gc
1
c

C
Z
R
tan
1
1

1

0,9755(rad).
Xt on mch MB: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.2
Tng tr ca on MB l Z
MB
c
2 2
2
2
1 1 1
L MB
Z R Z
+
Z
MB
108,4825.
Cng dng in mch chnh chm pha hn u
MB
mt gc
1
c

L
Z
R
tan
2
2

2

0,7624(rad).
Xt c mch AB: Gin vc t nh hnh 2.3
T gin ta c hiu in th ) cos( U U U U U
MB AM MB AM 2 1
2 2
2 + + + .
Suy ra tng tr ca mch l ) cos( Z Z Z Z Z
MB AM MB AM 2 1
2 2
2 + + + 113,5339.
Cng dng in mch chnh
Z
U
I
0,8808A.
Cng dng in cc i I
0
1,2456A.
Gc lch pha gia dng in v hiu in th l c
1 2
1 2
1 2
1 2

cos Z cos Z
sin Z sin Z
cos U cos U
sin U sin U
tan
AM MB
AM MB
AM MB
AM MB
+

0,2537 (rad).
44
MB
U
I
L
I
2

2
I
Hnh 7.2
AM
U
I
C
I
1

1
I
Hnh 7.1
MB
U
2

Hnh 7.3
AM
U
1

Vy biu thc dng in trong mch chnh l i 1,2456cos(100t 0,2537) (A).

Bi 7
a.
Phng trnh phn r
Pb Po
206
82
4
2
210
84
+
.
Nng lng to ra t mt phn r
E = (m
Po
m
Pb
m

)c
2
1,0298.10
-12
(J) 6,4273 (MeV)
b.
Theo bo ton ng lng
Pb Pb Po Po
v m v m v m +

Ban u
Po
210
84
ng yn nn
Pb Pb
v m v m

Hay l
Pb Pb
K m K m

(1).
Theo bo ton nng lng ton phn c K

+ K
Pb
= E (2).
T (1) v (2) suy ra ng nng ca ht l

Pb
Pb
m m
E . m
K
+

1,0101.10
-12
(J) 6,3048 (MeV).
Tc ca ht l

m
K
v
2

174,3696.10
5
(m/s).
Bi 8
Lc tnh in gia lectron v ht nhn (gm 1 prton) ng vai tr l lc hng tm. Ta
c
0 0 0
2
2
0 0
2
1
2 4 ma
e
v
a
v
m
a
e
K
K


2,1877.10
6
m/s.
Bn knh qu o L trong nguyn t hir l r = 4a
0
(a
0
l bn knh Bo).
Lc tnh in gia lectron v ht nhn (gm 1 prton) ng vai tr l lc hng tm. Ta
c
0 0 0
2 2
2
0
2
1
4 4 4 ma
e
mr
e
v
r
v
m
r
e
L
L

1,0938.10
6
m/s.
Bi 9
a. Khi tc dng lc F vo vt vt chi tc dng ca:
Trng lc, phn lc, lc ko
Theo nh lut II Niu tn :
ms
P N F F ma + + +
r r r r
r
(1)
Chiu (1) ln phng thng ng chiu dng hng
ln: N + Fsin

- P = 0
=> N = P - Fsin

= m(g - Fsin

)
Ta c v = v
0
+a
1
.t =>
0
1
1, 5
2, 5
v
t
a

= 0,6 s.
=>
.
os sin
a g
F m
c


+

+
=
0, 5 0, 25.10
.5, 6
os45 0, 25.sin 45
F
c
+

+
= 19 N
b. vn tc vt sau 3 s : v
0
= a.t = 0,5.3 = 1,5 m/s
Khi thi tc dng lc ko F:
Theo nh lut II Niu tn :
1 ms
P N F F ma + + +
r r r r
r
(2).
Chiu (2) ln chiu chuyn ng: - F
ms
= m.a
1
=>
1
ms
F
a g
m

= - 0,25.10 = -2,5 m/s
2
Ta c v = v
0
+a
1
.t =>
0
1
1, 5
2, 5
v
t
a

= 0,6 s.
45
F
r
P
r
N
r

ms
F
r
Bi 10
PT ta ca vt l:
( )
( )
0
2
0
os
1
sin
2
x v c t
y H v t gt

+
Thi gian chuyn ng ca hn t lc nm ti lc chm t l: 0
0
os
L
t
v c

Do :
2 2
2
2 2
0 0
. 0
2 2
gL gL
tg Ltg H
v v

_
+

,
PT c nghim:
2
4 2
0 0
2
1 0
gL gH
v v

Khi v
0
cc tiu:
2
4 2
0min 0min
2
1 0
gL gH
v v


2 2
0min
v g H L H +
v
0min
ng vi = 0. Khi :
2 2 2
0
v H L H
tg
gL L

+

S GD& T NINH BNH
TRNG THPT YN KHNH B
K THI CP TNH GII TON VT L TRN
MY TNH CM TAY NM 2010
Lp 12
Thi gian: 150 pht Khng k thi gian giao
Ch :
- thi ny gm 3 trang, 10 bi, mi bi 5 im.
- Th sinh lm bi trc tip vo bn thi ny.
Quy nh: Hc sinh trnh by vn tt cch gii, cng thc p dng, kt qu tnh ton vo trng lin k bi
ton. Cc kt qu tnh gn ng, nu khng c ch nh c th, c ngm nh chnh xc ti 4 ch s phn
thp phn sau du phy.
Bi 1: Hai dao ng iu ho cng phng, cng tn s c cc bin A
1
= 2a, A
2
= a v cc pha ban u
1 2
, .
3

Hy tnh bin v pha ban u ca dao ng tng hp.

Bi 2: Sau bao lu vt m=
2
kg trt ht mng nghing c cao h=1,25m gc nghing =38
0
. Nu vi gc
nghing =20
0
vt chuyn ng thng u.
Bi 3: Bnh cha kh nn 27
0
C, 40atm. Mt na khi lng kh thot ra ngoi v trong
bnh nhit h xung n 12
0
C. Tm p sut ca kh cn li trong bnh.
(n v p sut tm c l mmHg)
Bi 4: Mt si dy len AB c chiu di l = 80 cm cng ngang, u B buc cht, u A
dao ng iu ho theo phng thng ng vi tn s f = 40 Hz v c bin a = 2
cm. Vn tc truyn sng v = 20 cm/s.Sng truyn n u B th b phn x li.
1. Tm bc sng.
2. Vit phng trnh sng ti, sng phn x v sng dng ti im M cch B mt khong
x.
3. Xc nh s bng v s nt trn dy.
4. Tm bin dao ng ca im M cch B mt khong x = 12,1 cm.
Bi 5: Mt ngun m S (ngun im) pht ra mt m, ti im M cch ngun m mt khong SM = 2m c
cng m I
M
= 2.10
-5
(W/m
2
).
a. Hy tnh mc cng m ti M bit ngng nghe ca m l I
0
= 10
-9
(W/m
2
).
b. Tnh cng m v mc cng m ti im N cch ngun m mt khong SN = 5,5m. B qua s
hp th m ca mi trng.
Bi 6: Cho mch in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip c R = 100 , cun thun cm L = 0,5284 H v t in c
in dung C = 100 F. t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u = 220
2
sin100t V. B qua
in tr ca cc dy ni. Hy xc nh:
1. Cng sut tiu th ca on mch.
46
2. Vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch v biu thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai u t in.
Bi 7: Mt ng dy dn c in tr R v h s t cm L. t vo hai u ng mt hiu din th mt chiu 12V
th cng dng in trong ng l 0,2435A. t vo hai u ng mt hiu in th xoay chiu tn s 50Hz c
gi tr hiu dng 100V th cng hiu dng ca dng in trong ng l 1,1204A. Tnh R, L
Bi 8: Mt mch dao ng LC gm t in c in dung C=10nF v cun cm thun L=0,5mH. Hy tnh:
a. Bc sng in t m mch ny thu c.
b. Cng dng in cc i qua cun cm L. Bit hiu in th cc i trn t in l U
0
=12V
Bi 9: Mt thu knh c tiu c f = 25,0 cm, c ca i theo mt phng cha quang trc chnh v vung gc
vi tit din ca thu knh, ri mi bt mi na i mt lp c b dy a = 1,00 mm. Sau dn li thnh lng
thu knh. Mt khe sng S c t trn trc i xng ca lng thu knh, cch lng thu knh mt khong
12,5 cm, pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng = 0,60 m. Sau v cch lng thu knh mt khong b = 175
cm ngi ta t mt mn nh vung gc vi trc i xng ca lng thu knh. Xc nh khong vn v s vn
quan st c trn mn.
Bi 10: Ht nhn Po
210
84
phng x v bin i thnh ht nhn X. Cho khi lng cc ht nhn: m(Po) =
209,9828u; m() = 4,0015u; m(X) = 205,9744u. Chu k bn r ca plni l 138 ngy m.
1. Xc nh ht nhn X v tm nng lng to ra ca mt phn r (tnh ra n v J).
2. Tm khi lng ban u ca khi cht phng x bit phng x ban u ca n l 2 Ci. Tm khi lng
ca cht X to ra trong khong thi gian 30 ngy k t thi im ban u.
Ghi ch: Cn b coi thi khng cn gii thch g thm.
---------Ht---------
HNG DN CHO IM LP 12 NM 2010
Bi Cch gii Kt qu im
1
S phc ca dao ng tng hp c dng:
1 1 2 2
2 60 1 180
A A A +
+
(khng nhp a)
Tin hnh nhp my: Chn MODE 2
( ) ( ) 2 6 0 + 1 1 8 0 SHIFT SHIFT
SHIFT + s hin th gi tr bin A.
A = 1.73 = 3
SHIFT s hin th gc pha ban u .
= 90
o
.
A = 1.73 = 3
A = 1.73 = 3
3,0
2,0
2
Gia tc ca vt chuyn ng trn mt phng nghing khng vn
tc u t trn xung la= g(Sin - Cos ) .
Khi =20
0
vt chuyn ng thng u do h s ma st gi a
Vt v mt phng nghing l = tan
Khi gc nghing l th gia tc ca vt l a= g(Sin - tan.
Cos )
Qung ng vt i c trong thi gian t i ht mng
nghing l
S = h / Sin = at
2
/2
=> t =
2 h
gSin (Sin -tan . Cos )
.
Thay s t=1,12212 s
t=1,12212s 5,0
47
3
Khi lng kh trong bnh lc u: m
0
= P
0
V
0
/RT
0

Khi lng kh cn li trong bnh lc cui :
m= PV
0
/RT Theo gi thit m
0
=2m.
Do ta suy ra: p sut ca kh cn li trong bnh l
P=P
0
T / 2T
0
.
ay s ta c P=14439,99658 mmHg
P=14439,99658
mmHg
5,0
4
1) Bc sng = v/f = 20/40 = 0,5 cm
2) Cc phng trnh:
- Gi s dao ng ca u A c phng trnh l.
u
A
= acos( 2ft) = 2cos(80t) cm
- Phng trnh sng ti M
u
M(ti)
= acos2f(t -
v
x l
) = 2cos80(t -
20
80 x
)
= 2cos( 80t+4x) cm
- Phng trnh sng ti B
u
B(ti)
= acos2f(t -
v
l
) = 2cos80(t -
20
80
)
= 2cos( 80t - 320) = 2cos( 80t) cm
- Phng trnh sng phn x ti B
u
B(px)
= -acos2f(t -
v
l
) = -2cos80(t - 4) =
2cos( 80t - ) cm
- Phng trnh sng phn x ti M
u
M(px)
= -acos2f(t -
v
l
-
v
x
) =2cos80(t -
20
80 x
- )
= 2cos( 80t - 4x - ) cm - Sng tng hp ti
M
u
M
= u
M(ti)
+ u
M(px)
= 4cos(4x +
2

)cos(80t -
2

) cm
3) Mi b sng di
2

nn:
- s b sng : n =

l 2
= 320 b, mi b cha mt
bng nn c 320 bng.
- S nt: nu coi A v B l hai nt th c 321 nt.
4) Bin dao ng ca im M cch B mt
khong x = 12,1 cm
A = 4cos(4x +
2

) = 4cos(412,1 +
2

) = -3,8
cm.
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
5 a. Mc cng m ti im M c tnh theo cng thc
0
I
I
lg L
M
M

= 4,3010 (B)
b. V ngun m S l ngun im v ng hng, b qua s hp
th m ca mi trng nn cng m t l nghch vi bnh
phng khong cch ti ngun:
2
2
SN
SM
I
I
M
N

.
Cng m ti N l
2
2
SN
SM
I I
M N
=
0
I
I
lg L
M
M

= 4,3010 (B)
L
M
= 4,3010 (B)
I
N
= 4,3010 (B)
1,0
2,0
48
Mc cng m ti N l
0
I
I
lg L
N
N

= 3,442(B)
L
N
= 3,442 (B) 2,0
6
1. Cng sut tiu th trong mch l P = U.I.cos =
2
2
Z
R . U
=
2 2
2
)
C
1
L ( R
R . U

+
= 172,8461 W.
2. Cng dng in trong mch c biu thc: i =
1,8593.sin(100t 0,9303) A.
Hiu in th gia hai cc ca t in c biu thc: u
C
=
59,1827.sin(100t 2,5011) V.
1. P = 172,8461W
2.
i=1,8593.sin(100
t 0,9303) A.
u
C
=59,1827.sin(1
00t 2,5011) V.
1,0
2,0
2,0
7
t vo hai u ng dy mt hiu in th mt chiu U=12V.
in tr thun ca ng dy l R = U/I . Thay s: R= 49,28131
t vo hai u ng dy in p xoay chiu: Tng tr ca ng
dy l
Z=U/I. Mt khc Z
2
=R
2
+ Z
L
2
=> Z
L
=
2 2
2 2
2 2
U' U
Z - R
I' I

Vy t cm ca ng dy l L=Z
L
/2f =
2 2
2 2
1 U' U
100 I' I
.
Thay s ta c L= 0,23687
R= 49,28131
L= 0,23687
2,0
3,0
8
a. Bc sng in t m mch thu c.
= c.2 LC = 4211,97295
b. Cng dng in cc i qua cun cm
I
0
=U
0 C/L = 0,05367
= 4211,97295m
.
I
0
=0,05367A
3,0
2,0
9
- Lng thu knh cho hai nh S
1
v S
2
nm cch lng thu
knh 25 cm (trc lng thu knh). Khong cch S
1
S
2
= 2,00
mm. Khong cch t hai khe S
1
S
2
ti mn quan st l D = 200
cm khong vn i = 0,6000 mm.
- rng trng giao thoa MN = 7.2.a = 14 mm. Trn mn
quan st c 23 vn sng.
S
1
S
2
= 2,00 mm.
i = 0,6000 mm.
MN =14 mm.
23 vn sng.
1,5
1,0
1,0
1,5
10
1. p dng nh lut bo ton s khi v bo ton in tch ta
tm c X l ht nhn Pb (ch). Nng lng to ra t mt phn
r l E = (m(Po) m(X) m()).c
2
= 1,0298.10
-12
J.
2. phng x ban u ca mu Po l H
0
= 2 Ci suy ra khi
lng ban u l
m
0
=
) Po ( m .
2 ln . N
T . H
) Po ( m .
. N
H
A
0
A
0

= 4,4385.10
-4
g.
Khi lng ch to thnh sau 30 ngy k t thi im ban u l
m =
) Pb ( m .
. N
e . H H
A
t
0 0

=
) Pb ( m .
2 ln . N
T ). e 1 ( H
A
t
T
2 ln
0

= 6,0900.10
-
5
g.
E=1,0298.10
-12
J.
m
0
=4,4385.10
-4
g.
m = 6,0900.10
-5
g.
1,5
1,5
2,0
Ghi ch: Nu HS khng ghi cc kt qu trung gian m ghi kt qu cui cng chnh xc th vn cho im ti a.
49
-----------Ht---------------------
S GIO DC V O TO NINH BNH
TRNG THPT YN KHNH A
THI CHN HC SINH GII GII TON TRN
MY TNH CM TAY CP TNH

NM HC 2010-2011
MN: VT L LP 12 THPT
(Gm 02 trang) Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian pht )
im ca ton bi thi
Cc gim kho
(H, tn v ch k)
S phch
(Do Ch tch Hi ng
chm thi ghi)
Bng s Bng ch
GK1
GK2
Qui nh: Hc sinh trnh by vn tt cch gii, cng thc p dng, kt qu tnh ton vo trng lin k
bi ton. Cc kt qu tnh gn ng, nu khng c ch nh c th, c ngm nh chnh xc ti 04 ch s
phn thp phn sau du phy.
Bi 1: Hai dao ng iu ho cng phng, cng tn s c phng trnh
1 1
cos( )
6
x A t

v
2 2
cos( ) x A t

cm. Dao ng tng hp c phng trnh x=9cos(t+) cm. Tm bin A
2
A
1
c gi tr cc i .
n v tnh: bin (cm)
Bi 2: Cng sut m thanh cc i ca mt my nghe nhc gia nh l 10W. Cho rng c truyn trn khong cch 1m,
nng lng m b gim 5 % so vi ln u do s hp th ca mi trng truyn m. Bit I
0
= 10
-12
W/m
2
. Nu m to ht c
th mc cng m khong cch 6 m l bao nhiu ?.
n v tnh: mc cng m (dB)
Bi 3: Mt doan mch in xoay chiu RLC noi tiep. L = 3mH, C = 2mF, in tr R c th thay i. Hi cn phi t vo
mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu c gi tr hiu dng khng i, c tn s gc bng bao nhiu hiu in th U
RL
khng ph thuc vo R?
n v tnh: tn s gc (rad/s)
Bi 4: Mt con lc l xo ang dao ng tt dn c sau mi chu k bin gim 2,4%. Phn nng lng ca con lc b
gim i trong 1 dao ng ton phn l bao nhiu ?
n v tnh: %
Bi 5: T mt im A, mt vin bi nh c nm vi vn tc ban
u v
0
(hnh v). Bit = 60
0
, h = 4,5m. Sau
1
3
giy k t lc nm,
vt cch mt t 2m.
a/ Tnh v
0
. Ly g = 9,813
2
m
s
b/ Tnh vn tc ca vt ngay trc khi chm t.
n v tnh: Vn tc (m/s).
50
A v
0
h

Bi 6: Cho mch in c s hnh bn , b qua in tr ca cc ngun in

v cc dy ni. Hy xc nh cng dng in qua cc in tr. Bit E
1
=
12 V, E
2
= 6 V, E
3
= 9 V, R
1
= 15 , R
2
= 33 , R
3
= 47 .
n v tnh: Cng dng in (A).
Bi 7: Hnh v bn cho bit ng truyn ca mt tia sng SIS i t
mi trng c chit sut n
1
= 1 sang mi trng c chit sut n
2
=
2
.
Bit HI nm trong mt phn cch gia hai mi trng, SH = 4 cm, HK
= 2
3
cm, SK = 6 cm. Tnh khong cch HI.
n v tnh: Khong cch HI (cm).
Bi 8: Khung dao ng gm cun L v t C thc hin dao ng in t t do, in tch cc i trn 1 bn t l
Q
0
= 10
-2
C v dng in cc i trong khung l I
0
= 1A. Tnh bc sng ca sng in t m khung pht ra,
cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m
s
.
Ly = 3,1416. n v tnh: Bc sng (m).
Bi 9: Cho mch in nh hnh v. Hp X cha 2 trong 3 phn t R, L, C
mc ni tip. B qua in tr ca ampe k v dy ni. t vo 2 u on
mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu c biu thc u = 200
2
sin100t (V)
th ampe k ch 0,8A v h s cng sut ca mch l 0,6. Xc nh cc
phn t cha trong on mch X v ln ca chng bit C
0
=
3
10
2

F.
n v tnh: in tr (), in dung (F), t cm (H).
Bi 10: Mt prtn c ng nng W
p
= 1MeV bn vo ht nhn
7
3
Li ang ng yn th sinh ra phn ng to
thnh hai ht X c bn cht ging nhau v khng km theo bc x gama

.
-Cho bit phn ng ta hay thu bao nhiu nng lng.
-Tnh ng nng ca mi ht X c to ra
- Tnh gc gia phng chuyn ng ca hai ht X, bit rng chng bay ra i xng vi nhau qua phng ti
ca prtn.
Cho bit khi lng cu cc ht m
Li
= 7,0144u; m
p
= 1,0073u; m
x
= 4,0015u; 1u = 931 MeV/c
2
.
n v tnh:
Nng lng, ng nng l MeV
Gc tnh n phn giy
---------------------- HT-----------------
S GIO DC V O TO NINH BNH
TRNG THPT YN KHNH A
P N V BIU IM HC SINH GII GII
TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY CP TNH
Mn: Vt l nm hc 2010-2011
( p n, biu im gm 03 trang)
Cch gii Kt qu im
cu 1:
V gin vc t biu din dao ng tng hp
p dng nh l hm s sn:
A
1
= 18 Sin (

)

A
1MAX
= 18 cm


A
2
= 15,5885 cm
1
1
51
E
1
E
2
E
3
R
1
R
2
R
3
A
B
S
H
K
I
S'
A
B
M
A
C
0
X
Vy A
1
t gi tr cc i khi

= 90
0
Khi p dng
nh l pi-ta-go ta c:
A
2
= 15,5885
cu 2:
C 1m gim 5% vy cn 95% P
Sau 6 m cn li l (95/100)
6
P
Cng m ti l I =
( )
6
2
95 / 100 P
4 6
= 0,01625
Mc cng m l:
L = 10 lg (
0
I
I
) = 102,1085
I = 0,01625 W
L = 102,1085 dB

1
1
Cu 3:
Tn s ring ca mch l :

0
1
LC

408,2483
U
RL
khng ph thuc vo R th

0
2

288,6751
0
1
LC

408,2483
0
2

288,6751

1
1
Cu 4:
Sau mi dao ng bin gim 2,4% vy cn 97,6%
Nng lng cn li tng ng l :
0,952576 W
0
Nng lng b mt l:
0,047424 W
0
Vy % nng lng b mt trong 1 chu k l : 4,7424 %
0,952576 W
0
4,7424 %
1
1
Cu 5:
Chn h trc to Ox c gc O A, Oy hng thng
ng xung, Ox nm ngang hng sang phi.
a/Phng trnh chuyn ng ca bi:
x = v
0
.sin.t; y = v
0
.cos.t +
g
2
t
2
.
Ti t =
1
s
3
, vt c y = 2,5m => v
0
= 11,7290 m/s
v
x
= v
0
.sin; v
y
= v
0
.cos + g.t
2 2 2 2 2
x y 0 0
v v v v g t 2gtv cos + + +
= 13,6614 m/s
v
0
= 11,7290 m/s
v = 15,0293 m/s
1
1
Cu 6:

p dng nh lut m cho cc on mch cha ngun v
cha my thu ta c h phng trnh
Gii h phng trnh bc nht 4 n ta c
I
1
= 0,1385 A;
I
2
= 0,1189 A;
I
3
= 0,0196 A;
I
1
= 0,1385 A;
I
2
= 0,1189 A;
I
3
= 0,0196 A;

1
1
Cu 7:
52
p dng nh lut khc x nh sng ta c:

2 2
x 6 x
2.
x 16 12 (6 x)

+ +
Phng trnh trn tr thnh:
x
4
- 12x
3
+ 56x
2
- 384x + 1152 = 0.
Gii phng trnh ta c x = 4,0000 cm.
x = 4,0000 cm.
1
1
Cu 8:
- Nng lng in t trong khung dao ng
E = E

+ E
t
=
2 2
q Li
2C 2
+ m E = E
max
= E
tmax

2 2
0 0
Q LI
2C 2

0
0
Q
LC
I

0
0
Q
c.T c.2 LC c.2
I

18,8496 m
= 18,8496 m
1
1
Cu 9:
- Dung khng:
C0
0
1
Z
C

20,
AB
U
Z
I
250
=>
2 2
AB x C0 x
Z Z Z Z + 30
69

- cos =
AB
R
Z
= 0,6 R = 250.0,6 = 150 ()
=> X gm R v L hoc R v C
+X gm R v L: Z
X
=
2 2
L
R Z +
Z
L
= 30
44
=> L
= 0,6334 (H)
+X gm R v C: Tng t Z
C
= 30
44
=> C =
1,5996.10
-5
(F)

R = 150,0000 ()
L = 0,6334 (H)
C = 1,5996.10
-5
(F

1
1
Cu 10:
Nng lng ta ra cu phn ng bng:
W = ( m
0
m ) c
2
= 17,4097 MeV
Theo nh lut bo ton nng lng:
W

= 9,2049 MeV
p dng nh lut bo ton ng lng:
Cos (
W
1
)
2 2 W
p P
m
m

0,0827

= 170
0
30

7465

= 170
0
30

7465

1
1
Ghi ch : hc sinh gii theo cch khc ng vn cho im ti a.
GiI cc bi ton vt l trn my tnh cm tay
53
- 2,16
Bi 1: Cho con lc l xo dh theo phng thng ng vt nng c khi lng m =
400g, l xo c cng K, co nng ton phn E = 25mJ. Ti thi im t = 0, ko m
xung di VTCB l xo gin 2,6cm ng thi truyn cho m vn tc 25cm/s hng ln ng-
c chiu dng Ox (g = 10m/s
2
)
a. CM vt dh.
b. Vit PTD
Bi 2: Mt con lc c chiu di l, vt nng khi lng m, ko con lc ra khi VTCB mt
gc
0
ri th khng vn tc u. p dng: l = 1m, m = 100g,
0
= 6
0
1. Lp BT vn tc tng ng vi li gc suy ra BT vn tc cc i.
2. Lp bt lc cng dy ng vi li gc . Suy tab t lc cng dy cc i, cc tiu.
Bi 3: Ti mt ni nang bng mc nc bin, nhit 10
0
C, mt ng h qu lc trong
mt ngy m chy nhanh 6,48 (s) coi con lc ng h nh 1 con lc n thanh treo
con lc c h s n di = 2.10
-5
K
-1
1. Ti VT ni trn thi gian no th ng h chy ng gi.
2. a ng h ln nh ni, ti t
0
l 6
0
C, ta thy ng h chy ng gi. Gii thch
hin tng ny v tnh cao ca nh ni so vi mc nc bin. Coi tri t l hnh cu
c bn knh R = 6400 km.
Bi 4: Cho mch LC: b t in C
1
//C
2
ri mc vi cuc cm L mch dao ng vi tn s
gc = 48 Rad/s. Nu C
1
ni tip C
2
ri mc vi cun cm th mch dao ng vi tn
s gc
'
= 100 Rad/s. Tnh tn s dao ng ca mch khi ch c mt t mc vi 1
cun cm.
Bi 5: Mt hnh tr c bn knh R, khi lng m
1
= 20 kg c th quay khng ma st
quanh mt trc c nh nm ngang trng vi trc ca hnh tr. Trn hnh tr c qun mt
si dy khng gin, khi lng khng ng k. u t do ca dy c buc mt vt nng m
2
= 4 kg, nh hnh v. Tm gia tc ca vt nng v lc cng ca dy. Bit moment qun tnh
ca hnh tr i vi trc quay l
2
1
m R
I =
2
; ly g = 10 m/s
2
.
O
1
2
m
m
Bi 6: Cho mt mch in xoay chiu gm cun dy c t cm L, in tr thun R, t in c in dung C
0
mc ni tip (Hnh bn). in p tc thi hai u on mch MN l u
MN
= U
2
cos100t (V). Cc vn k v
ampe k l tng, b qua in tr cc dy ni. S ch cc vn k V
1
, V
2
tng
ng 120V; 80 3 V, s ch ca ampe k l 3 A, ng thi in p in p
gia hai u vn k V
2
nhanh pha hn in p gia hai u t in mt gc
/6 v lch pha vi in p gia hai u vn k V
1
mt gc /2.
1) Tm gi tr R, L, C
0
?
2) Thay t in c in dung C
0
bng t in c in dung C bin thin.
a) Xc nh gi tr ca in dung C cng sut tiu th ca ton mch bng 240W, vit phng trnh
dng in trong mch lc ny.
b) Xc nh gi tr in dung C in p hiu dng gia hai u t in t gi tr ln nht
Thi Th HSG Tnh Nm Hc 2008-2009
54
M
R
N
V
2
V
1
L C
0
A
- 2,16
S gio dc v o to Thanh Ho
Tr ng THPT L ng c Bng.
Mn: Casi- Vt L
Cu 1: Con lc l xo treo thng ng gm vt c khi lng m = 1 kg v l xo c
cng k = 100 N/m. Dng mt tm vn nng vt ti v tr l xo trng thi t nhin. Sau
cho tm vn chuyn ng thng nhanh dn u xung di vi gia tc a = 4 m/s
2
.
Chn trc to Ox c O trng vi v tr cn bng, chiu dng hng xung, gc thi
gian lc vt bt u dao ng iu ho. Ly g = 10 m/s
2
. Vit phng trnh dao
ng ca vt. Xc nh V tr ca vt lc 5s tnh t lc chn t
0
= 0.
Cu 2: Mt ngi v gi c kh nng nhn xa v cc. Khi ngi iu tit cc i th
t tng thm 2 dp. ngi c c sch cch mt 25 cm th phi eo st mt
mt knh c t bao nhiu?
Cu 3: Th nghim vi t bo quang in ta thu c
ng c trng Vn Ampe nh hnh v. Bit bc
sng nh sng lm th nghim l = 0,2 m, cng
sut ngun sng P = 1,25W. Xc nh: gii hn
quang in ca kim loi lm Catt v hiu sut lng
t ca t bo quang in.
Cu 4: Cho mch in nh hnh v(Hnh 1).
U
1
= 2 V ; U
2
= 1V; R
1
=R
2
=1.R l in tr.
B qua in tr dy ni.
1-Cho R = 0,5 .Tnh dng in qua R
1
, R
2
,R.
2- Tnh R dng qua R
2
bng khng.
3- Tnh R, chiu dng in qua R
2
c chiu
ngc li so vi chiu dng in qua R
2
cu 1
Cu 5: Xc nh quy lut chuyn ng ca khi tm mt bnh xe p khi leo dc.
Bit rng mt dc to

vi mt phng nm ngang. Lc ko
F

t vo trc bnh xe
l khng i v // vi mp nghing, ko vt ln ln. Bnh xe l vng trn ng nht c
trng lng P. Bnh xe ln khng trt t ngh, B qua ma st ln.
Cu 6: H dao ng gm gm 2 vt c khi lng
m
1
v m
2
gn vo mt l xo c cng k( hnh bn).
Nn l xo bng dy mnh ni hai vt. t dy nn l
xo. B qua ma st. Chng t mi vt dao ng iu ho.
Xc nh chu k dao ng ca mi vt.
Cu 7: Cho mch in nh hnh v. Hai cun dy
thun cm
ging ht nhau v hai t in cng ging ht nhau.
t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay
chiu.
55
I (mA)
U
AK
(V)
0,6
- 2,16
m
1
m
2
k
R
L
C
L C
K
1
2
3

l
M
m
v

F

Bit: Khi kho K t cht 1 th biu thc dng in
qua R l i = 4
2
sin(100t -
4
p
) A. Khi kho K t cht 2 th biu thc dng in
qua R l i = 4
2
sin(100t +
7
4
p
) A. t kho K ti cht 3.
a. Vit biu thc dng in trong mch.
b. Tnh in lng chuyn qua kho K trong 1/4 chu k k t khi dng in b
trit tiu.
Yu Cu: - Th Sinh c s dng my tnh Casi fx570Ms Tr xung
- Khi ra biu thc ca bi yu cu: Hy nu quy trnh nhp biu thc sau
mi p dng s.
- Hy Tnh chnh xc n 5 ch s thp phn.
S GD&T THI NGUYN
K THI CHN I TUYN - MTCT
LP 12 - MN: VT L (Vng 2) - Nm hc 2010 - 2011
HNG DN CHM - (gm 06 trang)
Hng dn chm:
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, phn kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.

Bi 1:
Cho h nh hnh bn, mt sn nhn, h s ma st gia m v M l

= 0,32.
Hi phi truyn cho M mt tc ban u v
r
bao nhiu m c th ri khi
M ? Bit m = 100g, M = 500g. Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
Cch gii Kt qu
Chn chiu dng l chiu v
F
ms
= .N => .mg = ma
m
=> a
m
= .g
.mg = Ma
M
=> a
M
=
mg
M

So vi M, m c gia tc: a = a
m
+ a
M
=
m
g 1
M
+
_

,
m: v
t
2
v
2
= 2as, vi s = l; v
t
> 0, a < 0 =>
m
v 2 gl(1 )
M
> +
v>2,7713
l
m/s
Bi 2:
Mt vt c trng lng P = 100N c gi ng yn trn mt phng
nghing gc

= 30
0
bng lc
F
r
c phng nm ngang nh hnh bn. Bit
h s ma st

= 0,2. Tm iu kin v gi tr ca lc F. Ly g = 10m/s

2
.
Cch gii Kt qu
/k:
ms P F N F 0 + + +
r r ur r
vt khng trt xung => F
ms
hng ln:
P.sin F
1
.cos (Pcos + F
1
sin) = 0 => F
1
= P
sin cos
cos sin

+

vt khng trt ln => F
ms
hng xung:
P.sin F
2
.cos + (Pcos + F
2
sin) = 0 => F
2
= P
sin cos
cos sin
+

55, 0838N F 87, 8851N
56
R
Bi 3:
Mt si dy mnh, ng cht c un thnh na vng trn bn knh
R = 15cm nh hnh bn. Xc nh trng tm ca na vng trn .
.
Cch gii Kt qu
Trng tm G nm trn Ox. Chia cung thnh v s cung nh
dl = R.d, ta x = Rcos. Chiu di cung L = .R
Honh trng tm
2
G
2
1 2R
x x.dl
L

= OG.
x
G
= 9,5493cm
Bi 4:
Mt khung dy hnh ch nht chiu rng a = 1cm, chiu cao b = 2cm c
th khng vn tc u sao cho mt phng khung dy thng ng v i vo mt
vng t trng
B
ur
vung gc vi khung. Cho bit cnh b di khung c th
t tc khng i khi mp trn ca khung ra khi t trng. Hi tc
khng i l bao nhiu? Cho bit khi lng ca khung m = 2g, in tr l R =
1, ln cm ng t B = 10
-2
T. Ly g = 9,8134m/s
2
.
Cch gii Kt qu
Khi khung t tc khng i: F
t
= P => BIa = mg
=>
2 2
B a v
B a mg mg
R R

=>
( )
2
mgR
v
aB

v = 19,6268.10
5
m/s
Bi 5:
Ba qu cu kim loi c cng khi lng m = 0,1g v mang in tch q = 10
-7
C, lc u chng
c gi c nh ti 3 nh ca tam gic u cnh a = 1,5cm. Cng lc bung 3 qu cu ra (b
qua trng lc), hy tnh:
a/ Tc cc qu cu khi chng cch nhau mt khong r = 4,5cm?
b/ Cng ca lc in trng lm mi qu cu dch chuyn ra rt xa 2 qu cu kia?
Cch gii Kt qu
Nng lng ca qu cu ban u: E
1
= 2qV
0
=
2
2kq
a
Khi cc qu cu cch nhau khong r th nng lng ca chng l E
2
=
2 2
mv 2kq
2 r
+

p dng nh lut bo ton nng lng ta c: v =
2k(r a)
q
mra

= 8,94m/s.
Khi cc qu cu rt xa nhau th cng ca in trng l: A = 3q(V
0
-V

) =
2
6kq
a
= 3,6.10
-2
J
v = 8,94m/s.
A = 3,6.10
-2
J
Bi 6:
Cho c h nh hnh v. Qu cu c c khi lng m, bn knh
r =1cm ln khng trt trong mng c bn knh R =50cm.
Mng ng yn trn mt phng nm ngang. Tm chu k dao
ng nh ca qu cu. Cho bit m men qun tnh ca qu cu
c l
2
2
I mr
5

.
Cch gii Kt qu
57
O
x
dl
G

b
a
B

L
r
Xt thi im qu cu lch so vi phng thng ng mt gc

nh, v n ang ln v
v tr cn bng (VTCB) (hnh v).
Gi
1

l vn
tc gc ca
qu cu quay
quanh tm O
ca n:
1

=
'

l vn
tc gc ca
qu cu quay
quanh tm O:
'
2

Ta c:
'
r =
'
(R r)
' '
( )

R r
r
v
'' "
( )

R r
r
(1)
Xt chuyn ng quay ca qu cu vi tm quay tc thi K, ta c phng trnh: M
(P)
+
M
(N)
+ M
(FMS)
= I
k.

Chn chiu hng vo trong l chiu (+), ta c:

- mgr.sin
2 2 "
2
( )
5
+ mr mr
V

nh nn sin

do c:
- mgr.
2 "
7
5
mr (2)
Thay (1) vo (2) ta c :
"
5
0
7( )
+

g
R r
t
2
5
7( )

g
R r


" 2
0 +
y l phng trnh dao ng iu ho c chu k: T =
7(R r)
2
5g

= 2,3510s
T = 2,3510s
Bi 7:
Mt tm thy tinh mng trong sut, chit sut n = 1,5,c tit din hnh ch nht ABCD (AB
rt ln so vi AD), mt y AB tip xc vi mt cht lng chit sut n

= 2 .Chiu mt tia sng

n sc SI nm trong mt phng ABCD ti mt AD sao cho tia ti nm pha trn php tuyn
im ti v tia khc x trong thy tinh gp mt y AB im K. Tnh gi tr ln nht ca gc
ti i c phn x ton phn ti K.
Cch gii Kt qu
Ti mt phn cch AB:
gh
n ' 2 2
sini
n 3

Ti mt phn cch AD: sini = nsinr; m i
gh
+ r = 90
0
=> sinr = cosi
gh
=
1
3
=> sini =
1
2
=> i
6

Bi 8:
Mt bn cu c bn knh r = 2cm c lm bng thy tinh
c chit sut n = 2 . Bn cu c t trong khng kh trc mt
ci mn vung gc vi trc i xng ca bn cu v cc tm bn
cu mt khong L = 4,82cm nh hnh v. Chiu mt chm sng
song song n mt phng ca bn cu theo phng vung gc vi
mt ny. Hy xc nh bn knh ca vng sng to ra trn mn.
Cch gii Kt qu
58
O

R
o

P
N
ms
F
K
+
Vng c as l ra bn knh MN = r
2
Bn knh vng sng trn mn:
IF
PQ MN
FK

IF + FK = L; FK =
MN
2
PQ = 3,9831cm
Bi 9:
Cho mch in nh hnh bn. Bit E
1
= 1,5V; r
1
= 0,5; E
2
= 3,5V; r
2
=
0,5; R
1
= 1 ; R l bin tr. Khi bin tr c gi tr 2 th dng in qua
n c cng 1A. Tnh R
2
?
Cch gii Kt qu
a/ p dng nh lut m cho 3 nhnh, ta c:
BA 1 1 1 1
U E I (R r ) +
BA 2 2 2 2
U E I (R r ) +
BA
U IR
I = I
1
+ I
2

T cc phng trnh trn c:
1 2
1 1 2 2
BA 2
1 1 2 2
E E
r R r R
U I.R R
1 1 1
R r R r R
+
+ +

+ +
+ +
0,625.
R
2
= 0,6250.
Bi 10:
Cho c h nh hnh bn. Bit M = 1,8kg, l xo nh cng
k = 100N/m. Mt vt khi lng m = 200g chuyn ng vi tc v
0
= 5m/s n va vo M (ban u ng yn) theo trc ca l xo. H s ma
st trt gia M v mt phng ngang l = 0,2. Xc nh tc cc i
ca M sau khi l xo b nn cc i, coi va chm hon ton n hi
xuyn tm.
Cch gii Kt qu
Chn gc ta l v tr l xo b nn cc i, chiu dng sang phi
L bo ton ng lng:
0 1 2
mv mv Mv +
r r r
(1)
ng nng bo ton:
2 2 2
0 1 2
mv mv Mv
2 2 2
+
(2)
T (1), (2) c: v
2
=
0
2mv
1
m M

+
m/s
L bo ton nng lng:
( )
2
2
2 max
max max
k. l '
M.v
.M.g. l ' l '
2 2

+
0,103m.
L bo ton nng lng:
( )
2
2 2
max max
k. l '
M.v k( l ' x)
.M.g.x
2 2 2

+ +
(3)
T (3) c: v
max
khi
max
Mg
x l '
k

0,067m.
Thay vo (3) ta c: v
max
0,886m/s.
v
max
0,886m/s.
S GD&T THI NGUYN
K THI CHN HC SINH GII MTCT 12
59
E
1
, r
1
E
2
, r
2
R
2
R
1
R
B A
m
M
M
N
P
Q
O
F
I
K
Mn Vt L 2010 - 2011
+ HNG DN CHM (Gm 04 trang)
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
- im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
Bi 1:
Mt xe chuyn ng thng nhanh dn u i c nhng on ng s
1
=30m v s
2
=40m
trong khong thi gian lin tip bng nhau l 3s. Tm gia tc v tc ban u ca xe ?
n v tnh: Gia tc(m/s
2
); tc (m/s).
Bi 2:
T mt im A cch mt t 20m ngi ta nm thng ng ln trn mt vin bi vi tc
ban u 10m/s. B qua sc cn ca khng kh. Ly g = 9,8143m/s
2
.
a. Tnh thi gian vin bi ln n nh cao nht, vin bi tr li A, vin bi ri xung n mt t?
b. Tnh tc ca vin bi khi bt u chm mt t ?
n v tnh: Thi gian(s); tc (m/s).
Bi 3:
Mt xe p ang chuyn ng thng u vi tc 2m/s th xung dc chuyn ng nhanh
dn u vi gia tc 0,2m/s
2
. Cng lc mt t ang chy vi tc 20m/s bt u ln dc
chuyn ng chm dn u vi gia tc 0,4m/s
2
, cho n khi ht chuyn ng chm dn u th
dng li. Chiu di ca dc l 570m.
a. Xc nh v tr hai xe gp nhau ?
b. Qung ng xe p i c t khi xung dc cho n khi gp t ?
c. Xc nh v tr ca hai xe khi chng cch nhau 170m ?
n v tnh: Ta (m).
Bi 4:
L xo nh c cng k = 40N/m mang a A c khi lng M = 60g. Th vt khi lng m =
100g ri t do t cao h = 10cm so vi a. Khi ri chm vo a, m s gn cht vo a v
cng a dao ng iu ha theo phng thng ng. Ly g = 10m/s
2
. Tnh bin dao ng
ca h.
n v tnh: Bin (m).
Bi 5:
Khi treo vt khi lng m
1
= 100g vo mt l xo th l xo c chiu di l
1
= 31,5 cm. Treo vt
khi lng m
2
= 300g vo l xo ni trn th l xo c chiu di l
2
= 34,3 cm. Hy xc nh chiu
di t nhin l
0
v cng k ca l xo. Ly g = 9,8143m/s
2
.
n v tnh: cng(N/m); chiu di(m).
Bi 6:
Coi rng con lc ng h l mt con lc n, thanh treo lm bng vt liu c h s n di l
= 3.10
-5
K
-1
v ng h chy ng 30
0
C. ng h vo phng lnh -5
0
C. Hi mt tun l
sau ng h chy nhanh hay chm bao nhiu?
Cch gii Kt qu
Chiu di ca thanh nhit t
1
= 30
0
C l l
1
, chiu di ca thanh nhit
t
2
= - 5
0
C l l
2
c l
2
= l
1
[1 + (t
2
- t
1
)].
Chu k ca ng h nhit t
1
l T
1
=
1
l
2
g
, nhit t
2
l T
2
=
2
l
2
g
,
ta thy t
2
< t
1
nn l
2
< l
1
suy ra T
2
< T
1
ng h chy nhanh. Sau mt tun l
t = 317,7703s.
60
ng h chy nhanh mt lng l:
t = 7.24.3600.(
1
2
T
T
-1) =
2 1
1
7.24.3600. -1
1+(t - t )
_


,
= 317,7703s.
Bi 7:
Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= 5.10
-6
C c t c nh ti hai nh B, C ca mt tam gic u ABC
cnh a = 8 cm. Cc in tch t trong khng kh c hng s in mi = 1,0006. Xc nh
cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ni trn. (cho k = 9.10
9
Nm
2
/C
2
).
n v tnh: Cng in trng(V/m).
Bi 8:
Mt ngi cn th c im cc cn cch mt 14cm, im cc vin cch mt 50cm. nhn
thy vt xa v cng m mt khng phi iu tit ngi phi eo knh loi g, c t bao
nhiu? Sau khi eo knh trn ngi c th nhn thy vt t cch mt gn nht bao nhiu?
Coi knh t st mt.
n v: Khong cch (cm); t (ip).
B i 9:
Mt vt tham gia ng thi 2 dao ng
1 1
x A cos( t )
3

v
2
x 4cos( t )
3

+
cm, vi
20 rad/s. Bit tc cc i ca vt l 140cm/s . Tnh bin
1
A
ca dao ng th nht.
n v tnh: Bin (cm)
Bi 10:
Cho mt vt dao ng iu ho. T thi im t = 0 n thi im t=1/60 giy vt i t v tr
c to
A 3
x
2

cm n v tr c to x = 0 cm theo chiu dng. Khi i qua v tr c ta
2cm vt c tc 40
3
(cm/s). Lp phng trnh dao ng ca vt.
n v tnh: Li (cm); thi gian(s); tn s gc(rad/s);
thi chn hc sinh gii my tnh casio nm 2009-2010
mn vt l: thi gian lm bi 150 pht.
Cu 1. Mt con lc n c chu k T=2s, qu cu c khi lng m=0,1kg c tch in
q=1,2.10
-6
C. a con lc vo in trng u nm ngang E=10
5
V/m. Hy tnh gc lch
ca dy treo con lc khi vt v tr cn bng so vi phng thng ng v chu k ca
n lc ny.
Cu 2. Mt ht dao ng iu ho xung quanh v tr cn bng x=0 vi

=2,5rad/s.
Ti thi im t
0
no th x
0
= 21cm v vn tc v
0
=97cm/s. Xc nh phng trnh
dao ng v tm gi tr nh nht ca t
0
tho mn iu kin ca bi.
Cu 3. Vit phng trnh dao ng tng hp ca 3 dao ng iu ho sau.
X
1
=3Cos2t (Cm); X
2
=5Cos(2t+
4

)(Cm); X
3
=6Sin2t(Cm).
Cu 4. Hai con lc vt l c mmen qun tnh ln lt l I
1
=1,5kg.m
2
; I
2
=1,75kg.m
2
. Dao
ng quanh trc nm ngang vi tc gc
1 2
4 / ; 5 / rad s rad s
. Gi 2 con lc ti v
tr cn bng bn sau ghp chng li vi nhau cho cng dao ng. Tnh tc gc
lc ny.
61
S gio dc v
o to
thanh ha
A
Cu 5. Cho mch in nh hnh v. Nu gi U
AB

c nh th khi K ng v m th c-
ng dng in trong mch ln lt l i

=2 3 Cos(
4
t

) (A); i
M
=2 3 Cos(
4
t

+ )(A).
Hai u AB c ni vi ngun in xoay chiu c gi tr hiu
dng U=127V v L=
9
10
(H).
a. Chng minh rng trong cun dy khng c in tr.
b. Tnh R; Z
L
; Z
C
v

.
Cu 6. Cho mch dao ng nh hnh v, cc it coi nh khng c in tr thun
C=310pF; L
1
=
5

H; L
2
=
7

H. Tnh chu k dao ng ca mch.

Cu 7. Mt vt quay vi tc gc ban u
0

=250vng/pht. Tc
dng mt lc hm lm vt quay chm dn u vi gia tc gc
2
0, 35 / rad s . Hy tnh s vng quay c ca a cho n khi dng
hn.
Cu 8. Chiu mt tia sng mu n mt mt ca mt lng
knh vi gc ti i
1
=45
0
cho gc l mt bn l i
2
= 47
0
36. Lng knh
c t trong mi trng khng kh. Xc nh gc chit quang A v
gc lch D bit rng chit sut ca lng knh i nh sng l n=1,5126.
Cu 9. Mt vn ng vin phi ht m=2g khng kh trong mi nhp th KTC
(P=1,013.10
5
pa v t=0
0
C). Hi khi ln cao c P=79,8Kpa v nhit l -13
0
C th
th tch kh vn ng vin phi ht trong mi nhp th l bao nhiu. Bit D=1,29kg/m
3
v mi nhp th coi l nh nhau.
Cu 10.
S GD - T Thanh ho K THI HSG GII TON VT L BNG MTCT
Nm hc 2009 - 2010
Thi gian: 150pht s: 01
Hng dn v quy nh bi lm:
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
Bi 1:
Mt vnh trn tm O, bn knh R, khi lng m
1
.
Vnh c th quay t do khng ma st quanh mt trc i
qua im A trn vnh v trc quay vung gc vi mt
vnh. Trn vnh ti im B i xng A qua O c gn 1
qu cu nh khi lng m
2
.Tnh chu k dao ng nh
ca vnh.
Bi 2
Trn mt ngang khng ma st, hai vt c khi lng
1
m
v
2
m
ni vi nhau bi mt si dy khng gin v c
th chu c lc cng
0
T
. Tc dng ln vt cc lc t l thun vi thi gian
1 1
F t
,
2 2
F t
, trong
1

v
2

l cc h s hng s c th nguyn,
t
l thi gian tc dng lc. Xc nh thi im dy b t.

Bi 3:
Mt on tu khch ang chy vi vn tc
1
90 / v km h
th ngi li tu nhn thy pha trc, cch tu mt
khong 140 L m c mt on tu hng ang chy cng chiu vi vn tc
2
21, 6 / v km h
. Anh ta dng phanh
cho tu chy chm dn vi gia tc
2
1 / a m s . Liu c trnh c va chm gia hai on tu khng ?
62
. A
. O
. B
2
m
m
1
m
2 1
F
r
2
F
r
Bi 4
Mt bnh cha kh oxy (O
2
) nn p sut P
1
= 1,5.10
7
Pa v nhit t
1
= 37
0
C, c khi lng (c bnh)
l M
1
= 50kg. Sau mt thi gian s dng kh, p k ch P
2
= 5.10
6
Pa v nhit t
2
= 7
0
C. Khi lng bnh v
kh lc ny l M
2
= 49kg. Tnh khi lng kh cn li trong bnh lc ny v tnh th tch ca bnh.
Cu 5:
Kho st chuyn ng ca mt vt t khi bt u chuyn ng thng chm dn u cho n khi dng li
hn. Qung ng i c trong giy u tin di gp 15 ln qung ng i c trong giy cui cng. Tm
vn tc ban u ca vt. Bit ton b qung ng vt i c l 25,6m.
Bi 6:
T nh thp cao H, ngi ta nm mt hn vi vn tc ti thiu bng bao nhiu hn ri cch chn thp
mt khong L cho trc. Tnh gc nm ng vi vn tc ti thiu .
Bi 7:
Cho c h nh hnh v. Trong rng rc dng a trn, ng cht tit din u,
c khi lng m =1kg, bn knh R =10cm; hai vt c khi lng m
1
= 1kg

; m
2
=3kg. Dy nh khng dn, khng trt trn rng rc. B mi ma st. Ban u vt
m
2
cao hn vt m
1
1m. Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
a.Tm gia tc ca cc vt, lc cng ca cc phn si dy.
b.Tm vn tc ca hai vt v rng rc khi hai vt c cao bng nhau.
Bi 8:
Mt vt c khi lng m = 5,6kg ang nm yn trn sn nh. Tc dng vo vt mt lc ko c phng hp
vi phng chuyn ng mt gc = 45
0
v c ln l F. H s ma st trt gia vt v sn l
t
= 0,25.
Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
a) Tnh F vt chuyn ng nhanh dn u vi gia tc a = 0,5m/s
2
?
b) Sau 3s th lc ko ngng tc dng. Tnh thi gian vt cn i thm trc khi dng hn?
Cu 9:
Mt con lc n gm mt bi nh c m = 100g treo vo dy di l = 1,57m ti ni c gia tc trng trng g =
9,81m/s
2
. Ko con lc khi v tr cn bng gc
0
= 0,10 rad ri th nh cho n dao ng. B qua ma st v khi
lng ca dy.Tm ng nng v th nng ca con lc khi gc lch ca n l =
0
/ 2 ?
Cu 10: Cn rung c mi nhn A chm vo mt nc vi tn s rung f = 100Hz, th trn mt nc c sng lan
truyn vi khong cch gia 2 ngn sng lin tip l 0,5 cm.Chiu sng mt nc bng n nhp nhy pht ra
25 chp sng trong 1s. Trnh by hin tng quan st c?
S GD - T Thanh ho Hng dn p n K THI HSG GII TON
VT L BNG MTCT
Nm hc 2009 - 2010
Thi gian: 150pht
Hng dn v quy nh bi lm:
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
Bi 1:
Cch gii p s
v tr cn bng, ng knh AB thng ng
v tr bt k, ng knh AB hp vi phng thng ng gc .
Phng trnh ng lc hc ca vt rn quay quanh trc c nh cho:
63
m
2
m
1
m
' ' sin 2 sin .
2 1
I R P R P vi I = 2m
1
R
2
+ m
2
4R
2
(0,25)
Dao ng nh sin
2R + g = 0
Chu k dao ng nh
g
R
T
2
2

Bi 2
Hng dn
Gi lc cng ca dy khi cha t l T . Chn chiu (+) t tri sang phi.
ln ca gia tc nh nhau cho c hai vt, nn :

1 2
1 2
F T T F
a
m m

1 2 2 1
1 2
( ) m m t
T
m m
+

+
(*)
Phng trnh (*) cho thy lc cng T tng theo thi gian. Vy thi gian dy t l :

1 2 0
1 2 2 1
( )
d
m m T
t
m m
+

+
1,0
1,0
1,0
1,0
Bi 3:
Hng dn
Gi
1
s
v
2
s
l cc qung ng mi tu i c cho n khi tu 1 ui kp tu 2, ta c:
2
1 1
1
2
s v t at + (1) ;
2 2
s v t
(2) ;
2 1
s L s +
(3)
Hay :
2
38 280 0 t t + (4)
Gi
v
l vn tc ca tu 1 khi ui kp tu 2, th :
1
1
25
v v
t v v v
a

(5)
Thay (5) vo (4) ta c :
2
(25 ) 38(25 ) 380 0 v v + (6)
Phng trnh (6) c 2 nghim : 3 / v m s ( b loi) v 15 / v m s .
Trong khi mun khng va chm th vn tc tu 1 phi kp gim xung
21,6km/h = 6m/s. Do khng th trnh va chm.
0,5
1,0
0,5
1,0
0,5
0,5
Bi 4 Hng dn
Gi m l khi lng bnh rng; m
1
v m
2
l khi lng kh O
2
trong bnh lc u v lc sau. Ta
c:
m
1
= M
1
- m =50 - m ;
m
2
= M
2
- m = 49 - m => m= 49 - m
2
;
Theo phng trnh Claperon - mem de le ep cht kh
RT
PV
M m
RT
PV
M
m
n , khi
:

+
1
1
1
RT
V P
M m
+
2
2
2
RT
V P
M m

1 2 2 1
1 2
2
T P T P
T P
m

Th tch bnh (bng th tch kh):
2
2
2
2
2
2
MP
RT
m V
RT
V P
M m
m
2
= 0,585
(kg)
V = 0,0085
(m
3
) = 8,5
(lt)
Cu 5:
Hng dn: Biu din qung ng ca vt trn hnh v.
- Xt on ng AB trong giy u tin:
64
A B C D
v v v
A C D

2
AB A A
1 a
s = v .1 + a.1 = v +
2 2
(1)
- Xt on ng CD trong giy cui cng:

2
CD C
1 a a
s = v .1 + a.1 = - a + = -
2 2 2
(2)
- T (1) v (2) ta c:
A A
a a
v + = 15. ( - ) v = - 8a
2 2
.
- Xt c qung ng AD:
2 2 2 2
D A A
AD
v - v - v - (- 8a)
s = = 25,6 =
2a 2a 2a
.
Ta c:
2
a = - 0,8 (m/s )
Vy vn tc ban u ca vt l:
A
v = 6,4 (m/s)
Bi 6:
Cch gii p s
PT ta ca vt l:
( )
( )
0
2
0
os
1
sin
2
x v c t
y H v t gt

+
Thi gian chuyn ng ca hn t lc nm ti lc chm t l:
0
0
os
L
t
v c

Do :
2 2
2
2 2
0 0
. 0
2 2
gL gL
tg Ltg H
v v

_
+

,
PT c nghim:
2
4 2
0 0
2
1 0
gL gH
v v

Khi v
0
cc tiu:
2
4 2
0min 0min
2
1 0
gL gH
v v

2 2
0min
v g H L H +
v
0min
ng vi = 0. Khi :
2 2 2
0
v H L H
tg
gL L

+

Bi 7:
Cch gii p s
65
Phng trnh ng lc hc cho rng rc v hai vt:
1 1 1 1
P T ma +
r r
r
=> T
1
m
1
g = m
1
a
1
(1).
2 2 2 2
P T m a +
r r
r
=> m
2
g T
2
= m
2
a
2
(2).
' '
2 1
T R T R I (*). V dy nh,khng dn, khng trt nn
<=>
2
2 1 2 1
1 1
R (3).
2 2
a
T R T R m T T ma
R
<>
T(1), (2) v (3):
2 2 1
1 2
40
a /
1
9
2
m m
g m s
m m m

+ +
T
1
=
130
9
N .T
3
=
20
3
N
b.Khi hai vt c cng cao, p dng BTCN:
2 2 2
2 1 1 2 1 2
1 1 1 1
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2
h
m m m m v I m m m v
_
+ + + +

,
=>
2 1
2 1
1
2
m m
v h
m m m

+ +
=2/3m/s
Bi 8:
Hng dn:
a) Khi tc dng lc F vo vt vt chi tc dng ca: Trng lc, phn lc, lc ko
Theo nh lut II Niu tn :
ms
P N F F ma + + +
r r r r
r
(1)
Chiu (1) ln phng thng ng chiu dng hng ln: N + Fsin

- P = 0
=> N = P - Fsin

= m(g - Fsin

).
Chiu (1) ln phng chuyn ng: Fcos

- F
ms
= ma Fcos

N = ma
Fcos

(mg - Fsin

) = ma => F(cos

sin

) = m(a +

g)
=>
.
os sin
a g
F m
c


+

+
=
0, 5 0, 25.10
.5, 6
os45 0, 25.sin 45
F
c
+

+
= 19 N
b) vn tc vt sau 3 s : v
0
= a.t = 0,5.3 = 1,5 m/s
Khi thi tc dng lc ko F:
Theo nh lut II Niu tn :
1 ms
P N F F ma + + +
r r r r
r
(2)
Chiu (2) ln chiu chuyn ng: - F
ms
= m.a
1
=>
1
ms
F
a g
m
= - 0,25.10 = -2,5 m/s
2
.
Ta c v = v
0
+a
1
.t =>
0
1
1, 5
2, 5
v
t
a

= 0,6 s.
Cu 9:
Cch gii p s
- Thay s tm c E = 7,7.10
-3
J
- T E
t
= mgl
2
/ 2 vi =
0
/ 2 = 0,05 rad E
t
= 1,93. 10
-3
J
- T E = E
d
+ E
t
E
d
= 5,77. 10
-3
J
66
F
r
P
r
N
r

ms
F
r
m
2
m
1
m
1
P
r
'
2
T
r
'
1
T
r
1
T
r
2
T
r
2
P
r
+
T
1
+
Hng dn:
- Thay s tm c E = 7,7.10
-3
J
- T E
t
= mgl
2
/ 2 vi =
0
/ 2 = 0,05 rad E
t
= 1,93. 10
-3
J
- T E = E
d
+ E
t
E
d
= 5,77. 10
-3
J
Cu 10:
Cch gii p s
- Thi gian gia hai ln chp sng l t
0
= 1/25 = 0,04s
( 0,25 im)
- Chu k ca sng T = 1 / f = 1 / 100 = 0,01s
( 0,25 im)
- T suy ra t
0
= 4T.
( 0,25 im)
- Ta thy trong khong 2 ln chp sng t
0
sng truyn i mt qung ng s = 4 = 2 cm
( 0,50 im)
cc ngn sng i ch cho nhau.
( 0,50 im)
Nh vy khi c chp sng ta c cm gic hnh nh sng khng lan truyn trn mt nc
( cc ngn sng hnh nh ng yn )
TRNG THPT HM RNG THI CHN I TUYN HC SINH GII LP 12
GII TON BNG MY TNH NM HC 2008-2009
MN : VT L
(thi gian lm bi 150 pht)
Cu1: (2 im): Mt sn quay hnh tr c m men qun tnh I= 700kgm
2
, Bn knh
R=1,2 m bt u quay nh lc khng i nm ngang, c ln 7,5N tc dng vo sn
theo phng tip tuyn vi mp sn. Tm ng nng ca sn sau 3 giy. n v
tnh: ng nng (J)
Cu2: (2 im): Mt nh du hnh v tr c kim tra trn my li tm ngi ngi
trn mt gh u tay quay cch trc quay 5m. My tng tc trong 5s theo cng thc
2
. 5 , 0 t , trong t tnh bng giy,

tnh bng rad. Hi khi nh du hnh phi chu

mt gia tc bng bao nhiu?
n v tnh: Gia tc (m/s
2
)
Cu 3 (2 im): Mt rng rc c nh c trc quay O i xng nm ngang, bn knh
R=14cm, khi lng m c phn b u trn vnh rng rc. Mt dy khi lng khng
ng k, khng dn qun trn rng rc, mt u gn vo rng rc, u kia gn mt
vt khi lng bng 2m. Th cho vt i xung, Tnh gia tc gc ca rng rc. B qua ma
st, ly g= 9,81m/s
2
n v tnh Gia tc gc (rad/s
2
)
Cu4: (2 im): Hai con lc n chiu di l
1
, l
2
(l
1
>l
2
) v c chu k dao ng tng
ng l T
1
, T
2
. Ti ni c gia tc trng trng g= 9,7872 m/s
2
. Bit rng cng ti ni
con lc n c chiu di (l
1
+l
2
) chu k dao ng l 1,8s v con lc n c chiu di
(l
1
-l
2
) c chu k dao ng 0,9s. Tnh T
1
,T
2
,l
1
,l
2
.
n v tnh : Chu k (s), Chiu di(m)
Cu5: (2 im) Mt con lc n chiu di l=1m, vt nng khi lng m=100g. Ko
con lc khi v tr cn bng mt gc
0
0
6 ri th khng vn tc ban u. Tnh lc
cng cc i , cc tiu ca si dy. Ly g=9,8m/s
2
n v tnh : Lc(N)
Cu6:(2 im): Mt vt nng hnh tr c khi lng m=0,4kg, chiu cao h=10cm tit
din S=50cm
2
. c treo vo l xo c cng k=150N/m. Khi cn bng mt na vt b
nhng chm trong cht lng c khi lng ring D=10
3
kg/m
3
. Ko vt khi v tr cn
bng theo phng thng ng xung di on 4cm ri th nh cho vt dao ng. B
67
qua mi ma st v lc cn, bit rng vt dao ng iu ho. Tnh chu k v c nng
ca dao ng. Ly g=9,81m/s
2
n v tnh : Chu k(s), C nng (J)
Cu7( 2 im):Mt l xo c treo thng ng, u trn ca l xo c gi c nh.
u di treo mt vt khi lng m=100g, l xo c cng k=25N/m. Ko vt khi v tr
cn bng theo phng thng ng hng xung mt on 2cm ri truyn cho n vn tc
) / ( 3 10 s cm theo phng thng ng hng ln.Chn gc thi gian l lc th vt. Xc
nh thi im m vt qua v tr l xo gin 2cm ln th nht
n v tnh : Thi gian(s),
Cu8: (2 im): Mt ngun m c cng sut 1W pht m truyn ng hng, b qua
mt mt nng lng.
a.Tnh cng m ti im cch ngun m 1m
b.Tnh cng m ti im cch ngun m 10m
n v tnh : cng m(mW/m
2
)
Cu9 (2 im): Trn mt cht lng c hai ngun kt hp A v B cch nhau 10cm cng
dao ng vi tn s f=80Hz v pha ban u bng 0. Vn tc truyn sng l 40cm/s. Hi
im gn nht nm trn ng trung trc ca AB dao ng cng pha vi ngun A,B cch
trung im O mt on l bao nhiu.
n v tnh : Khong cch (cm)
Cu 10: (2 im): Mt con lc ng h chy ng trn mt t ti ni c nhit
20
0
C. Bit thanh treo con lc c chiu di l=1m, c h s n di l 2.10
-5
K
-1
. a con lc
ln n cao h=2000m th con lc vn chy ng. Tnh nhit cao h. Bit
tri t hnh cu c bn knh 6400km.
n v tnh : nhit (
0
C)
K THI CHN HC SINH GII MTCT 12 Mn Vt L 2009 - 2010
HNG DN CHM (Gm 05 trang)
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
- im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
Bi 1: Trong hnh 1, vt khi lng m = 13g t ln mt trong hai vt khi
lng M = 100g. B qua mi ma st, rng rc v dy ni la li tng.
a. Tnh p lc ca m ln M. Ly g = 9,81m/s
2
.
b. Tnh lc tc dng ln trc rng rc.
n v tnh: Lc (N) .
Cch gii Kt qu
Gia tc ca cc vt:
mg
a
2M m

+
Xt c ca m: mg N = ma => N =
2Mmg
2M m + N = 0,1198 (N)
Lc tc dng ln trc rng rc: F = 2T
Xt vt M: T Mg = Ma => T =
g .
m M 2
) m M ( M 4
+
+
F = 2,0818 (N)
Bi 2: Mt thanh AB ng cht c khi lng m = 10kg.
u A gn vo trn nh (nm ngang) bng mt bn l,
u B treo bi si dy BC theo phng thng ng. Gc
to gia thanh v trn nh

30
0
. Ly g = 9,8133m/s
2
.
a/ Tnh sc cng si dy.
b/ Tnh sc cng si dy khi tc dng ln u B ca
68
M
m
Hnh 1
A
B
C

thanh mt lc F = 50N, theo phng ngang hng sang
tri.
n v tnh: Lc (N).
Cch gii Kt qu
a/ Vi trc quay A: M
P
= M
T
=> P.
cos
2
AB
= T.AB.cos
=> T =
P
2
2
mg

T = 49,0665N
b/ Phn tch
1 2
F F F +
r ur uur
; F
2
= F.tan
m M
F1
= 0 => M
P
+ M
F2
= M
T
mg
T' F.tan
2
+
T = 77,9340N
Bi 3: Cho ba bnh th tch V
1
= V, V
2
= 2V, V
3
= 3V thng nhau, cch nhit i vi nhau. Ban
u cc bnh cha kh cng nhit T
0
v p sut p
0
= 987N/m
2
. Sau , ngi ta h nhit
bnh 1 xung T
1
=
0
,
T
2
nng nhit bnh 2 ln T
2
= 1,5T
0
, nng nhit bnh 3 ln T
3
= 2T
0
.
Tnh p sut kh trong cc bnh.
n v tnh: p sut (N/m
2
).
Cch gii Kt qu
S mol kh c trong c 3 bnh l
( )
0 1 2 3
0
0 0
p V V V
6p V
RT RT
+ +

Sau khi bin i, p sut trong cc bnh l nh nhau v s mol
kh trong mi bnh l:
3 1 2
1 2 3
1 0 2 0 3 0
pV pV pV 2pV 2pV 3pV
; ;
RT RT RT 1,5RT RT 2RT


M
1 2 3
+ +

0
36
p p
29

p = 1225,2414N/m
2
.
Bi 4: Cho 2 bn kim loi phng c di l = 5 cm t nm ngang song song vi nhau, cch
nhau d = 2 cm. Hiu in th gia 2 bn l 910V. Mt e bay theo phng ngang vo gia 2 bn
vi vn tc ban u v
0
= 5.10
7
m/s. Bit e ra khi c in trng. B qua tc dng ca trng
trng. Cho m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
a/ Tnh vn tc ca n ti im bt u ra khi in trng?
b/ Tnh lch ca e khi phng ban u khi ra khi in trng?
n v tnh: Vn tc (m/s); khoang cach (m).
Cch gii Kt qu
a/ Gia tc
y
e
q.U
a
m .d

; x = v
0
.t;
2
t a
y
2
y
; v
x
= v
0
; v
y
= a
y
t.
=>
2
2 2 2
0 y 0
e 0
e .U.l
v v v v
m .d.v
_
+ +

,
v = 5,0636.10
7
m/s
69
T
P
F
F
1
F
2

b/
2
2
e 0
e U.l
y
2m .d.v

y = 0,004m
Bi 5: C N = 36 ngun ging nhau, mi ngun c sut in ng e = 12V, in tr trong r =
2 c ghp thnh b ngun hn hp i xng. Mch ngoi gm 3 n ging nhau c mc
ni tip. Khi hiu in th mch ngoi l U = 120V v cng sut tiu th ca mch ngoi l P
= 360W.
a/ Tnh in tr ca mi n.
b/ Xc nh cch mc b ngun.
n v tnh: in tr ().
Cch gii Kt qu
a/ .
3
R
R ;
P
U
R ;
U
P
I

2

R = 13,3333
b/ P = U.I =
I . I
m
nr
e . n

,
_

; N = n.m
3 m ; 12 n 0 720 n 72 n
2
+
n = 12; m = 3
Bi 6:
y chu c mt bng n S. Pha trn y chu 60
cm t mt thu knh hi t tiu c 20 cm, trc chnh
thng ng i qua n. nc vo chu th thy nh ca
bng n di chuyn mt on 3 cm. Cho chit sut ca
nc l
4
3
. Tnh chiu cao lp nc vo chu.
n v tnh: di (cm).
Cch gii Kt qu
Cha nc:
. cm 30
f d
f . d
' d

Sau khi nc, S

1
dich ln mt oan: SS
1
=
h 25 , 0
n
1
1 h

,
_

S
2
ra xa TK:
( )
( ) f h 25 , 0 d
f . h 25 , 0 d
3 ' d

+
h = 36,9231cm
Bi 7:
Mt l xo c khi lng khng ng k c chiu di t nhin l
0
=
50cm c gn c nh u B. u kia ca l xo gn vi vt M c
khi lng m = 100g c th trt khng ma st trn mt phng
nghing = 30
0
so vi mt ngang. Khi M nm cn bng l xo c
chiu di l
1
= 45cm. Ko M ti v tr m l xo khng bin dng ri
truyn cho M mt vn tc ban u hng v v tr cn bng v
0
=
50cm/s. Vit phng trnh dao ng v tnh c nng dao ng ca
M. Gc toa la vi tri cn bng, gc thi gian la vi tri lo xo khng
bin dang. L y g = 10m/s
2
.
n v tnh: Khong cch (cm); c nng (J).
Cch gii Kt qu
70
B
m
k

O
x
l
0
= l
1
- l
0
;
0
0
l
sin . g
m
k
sin . mg l . k

2
2
0 2
0
v
x A

+ ; x
0
= l
0
= Acos; v
0
= - A.sin < 0
x = 7,0711cos(10t + 0,7854)cm
W =
2 2
A m
2
1

W = 0,0250 J
Bi 8:
Mt con lc n gm mt qu cu nh, khi lng m = 10g c treo bng mt si dy di
l = 1m ti ni c g = 10m/s
2
. Ly

= 3,1416.
1. Tnh chu k dao ng nho T
0
ca con lc.
2. Tch in cho qu cu mt in tch q = 10
-5
C ri cho n dao ng trong mt in trng
u c phng thng ng th thy chu k dao ng ca con lc l T =
0
2
T
3
. Xc nh chiu v
ln ca cng in trng E.
n v tnh: Chu ki (s); Cng in trng (V/m).
Cch gii Kt qu
1/
g
l
2 T
0

T
0
= 1,9869s
2/
g ' g T
' g
l
2 T > <
=> E hng xung
q 4
mg 5
E
m
E q
g
4
5
a g
4
9
' g T
3
2
T
0

E = 0,0125.10
5
V/m
Bi 9:
Mt si dy AB c u B gn cht v u A gn vo mt nhnh m thoa. Cho m
thoa dao ng ta quan st thy trn AB c sng dng vi ba bng sng, B l mt nt v A
ngay st mt nt sng dng.
1. Tm bc sng ca sng truyn trn dy. Cho AB = 20cm.
2. Tm vn tc truyn sng trn dy nu trn dy co 5 bung song. Cho tn s dao ng cua
m thoa la 25Hz.
n v tnh: Bc song (m); Vn tc (m/s).
Cch gii Kt qu
1/
max
max
k
AB . 2
2
. k AB

; k
max
= 3.
= 0,1333m
2/ v = '.f vi ' tinh nh trn nhng k
'
max
= 5.
v = 2,0000m/s
Bi 10:
Cho mch in xoay chiu nh hnh v, trong
cun dy c t cm L =

5 , 1
(H) v in tr
thun R
o
; t in c in dung C =

9
10 . 2
4
(F) ;
71
A B M
N
C
L, R
o
R
R l in tr thun. Hiu in th tc thi gia hai im A v M lch pha mt gc
6
5
so vi
hiu in th tc thi gia hai im M & N v c biu thc
AM
u 100 6sin(100 t ) V
6

+
.
Cng sut tiu th ca mch in l P 100 3 W . Hy tm R
o
, R v biu thc hiu in th
gia hai im A&B.
n v tnh: in tr (); Hiu in th (V).
Cch gii Kt qu
0 0
R0 L 0 L
U U .tan30 R Z .tan30 50 3 .
0
R0 AM
U U .sin30 50 3 .
R0
0
U
I
R

= 1A
P = I
2
(R
0
+ R) => R = R
0
.
2 2
0 L C
Z (R R ) (Z Z ) + +
U = I.Z = 200 3V
L C
u i
0
Z Z
tan 3
R R 3


+
m
AM i
6 6


u
2

R
0
= 86,6025
R = 86,6025
AB
u 489,8980.sin(100 t 1,5708) V
BI (Gm 04 trang)
Bi 1: Mt cht im dao ng iu ho dc theo trc Ox, theo phng trnh x = 2,5sin(4t +
0,21) cm + 1,2cos(4t - 0,62) cm. Hy xc nh chu k, bin , pha ban u dao ng ca cht im.
n v tnh: Chu k (s); bin (cm); pha (rad).
Bi 2: T mt im A, mt vin bi nh c nm vi vn tc ban
u v
0
(hnh v). Bit = 60
0
, h = 4,5m. Sau
1
3
giy k t lc nm,
vt cch mt t 2m.
a/ Tnh v
0
. Ly g = 9,813
2
m
s
b/ Tnh vn tc ca vt ngay trc khi chm t.
n v tnh: Vn tc (m/s).
Bi 3: Cho c h nh hnh 3, cc vt c khi lng m
1
= 150 g, m
2
=
100 g, m
3
= 500 g, gc = 70
0
, b qua mi ma st, dy khng dn, khi
lng ca dy v rng rc khng ng k. Ly g = 9,81
2
m
s
.
1. H trng thi cn bng. Hy xc nh gc .
2. Hy xc nh gia tc ca mi vt sau khi t dy ni gia m
1
v
m
2
.
n v tnh: Gc (); gia tc (m/s
2
).
72
I
U
AM
U
L
U
R0
U
C

m
1
m
2
m
3

Hnh 3
A v
0
h

m
2

m
3
m
1

Hnh 3
Bi 4: Mt cn phng c kch thc 8m x 5m x 4m. Ban u khng kh trong phng iu kin chun (p
0
= 76
cmHg; T
0
= 273
0
K;
0
= 1,29
3
kg
m
), sau nhit ca khng kh tng ln ti 10
0
C, p sut ca kh l 78cmHg.
Tnh khi lng kh cn li trong phng lc ny.
n v tnh: Khi lng (kg).
Bi 5: Cho mch in c s nh hnh 5, b qua in tr ca cc ngun
in v cc dy ni. Hy xc nh cng dng in qua cc in tr. Bit
E
1
= 12 V, E
2
= 6 V, E
3
= 9 V, R
1
= 15 , R
2
= 33 , R
3
= 47 .
n v tnh: Cng dng in (A).
Bi 6: Cho on mch in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip c R = 100 , cun thun cm L = 0,5284 H v t
in c in dung C = 100 F. t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u = 220
2
sin100t
(V). B qua in tr ca cc dy ni. Ly = 3,1416. Hy xc nh:
1. Cng sut tiu th ca on mch.
2. Vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch v biu thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai u t in.
n v tnh: Cng sut (W); cng dng in (A); thi gian (s), pha (rad).
Bi 7: Mt ngi cn th c gii hn nhn r t 10 50cm, quan st mt vt nh bng mt knh lp f = 5cm.
Mt t ti tiu im nh ca knh lp.
1) Xc nh phm vi dch chuyn ca vt trc knh lp.
2) Cho nng sut phn li ca mt
min
= 3.10
-4
rad. Hi khong cch ngn mt gia 2 im trn vt m mt
ngi ngy phn bit c l bao nhiu?
n v tnh: Khong cch (cm).
Bi 8: Hnh 8 v ng truyn ca mt tia sng SIS i t mi trng
c chit sut n
1
= 1 sang mi trng c chit sut n
2
=
2
. Bit HI
nm trong mt phn cch gia hai mi trng, SH = 4 cm, HK = 2
3
cm, SK = 6 cm. Tnh khong cch HI.
n v tnh: Khong cch HI (cm).
Bi 9: Con lc l xo nm ngang c k = 50
N
m
, vt khi lng m = 500g. Ko vt ra khi v tr cn bng mt
on 4 cm ri th nh. B qua mi ma st. Tnh vn tc trung bnh ca vt sau khi n i c 10 cm. Ly =
3,1416.
n v tnh: Vn tc (cm/s).
Bi 10: Hai con lc n chiu di l
1
, l
2
(l
1
> l
2
) dao ng ti ni c gia tc trng trng g = 9,8m/s
2
. Bit
rng cng ti ni , con lc c chiu di l
1
+ l
2
, chu k dao ng 1,8(s) v con lc n c chiu di l
1
- l
2
c chu
k dao ng 0,9 (s). Tnh l
1
, l
2
. Ly = 3,1416.
n v tnh: Chu k (s); Khong cch (cm).
Thi vt l nm 2008
Qui nh: Cc kt qu tnh chnh xc ti 4 ch s phn thp phn sau du phy theo qui tc lm trn s ca
n v tnh qui nh trong bi ton.
Bi 1: Mt cht im dao ng iu ho dc theo trc Ox, theo phng trnh x = 2,5sin(4t +
0,21) cm + 1,2cos(4t - 0,62) cm. Hy xc nh chu k, bin , pha ban u dao ng ca cht im.
n v tnh: Chu k, thi gian (s); bin (cm); pha (rad).
Cch gii Kt qu im
T phng trnh dao ng x = 2,5sin(4t + 0,21) + 1,2cos(4t - 0,62),
suy ra tn s gc trong dao ng ca vt l = 4 rad/s chu k dao
ng l T =

2
= 0,5000 s.
T = 0,5000 s. 1,0
Bin dao ng ca vt l:
) cos( A A 2 A A A
1 2 2 1
2
2
2
1
+ + = 3,4810 cm.
A = 3,4810 cm. 1,0
73
E
1
E
2
E
3
R
1
R
2
R
3
Hnh 5
Hnh 8
S
H
K
I
S'
A
B
m
2

m
3
m
1

Hnh 3
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
T
T
1
T
2
Hnh 4
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
V
V
1
V
3
Hnh 4 (A)
Pha ban u trong dao ng ca vt l c

'

+

+
+

A
sin A sin A
sin
cos A cos A
sin A sin A
tan
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
2 2 1 1
t y ta tnh c = 0,4448 rad.
= 0,4448 rad. 3,0
Bi 2: T mt im A, mt vin bi c nm ln theo phng thng ng vi vn tc v = 15 m/s. Sau
mt khong thi gian t
0
, t mt im B cng cao vi A v cch A mt khong l = 4 m, mt vin bi th hai
c nm xin mt gc = 50
0
so vi phng ngang, vi vn tc c ln nh vin bi th nht, sao cho hai
vin bi gp nhau. Hi vin bi th hai c nm sau vin bi th nht mt khong thi gian t
0
l bao nhiu?
n v tnh: Thi gian (s).
Cch gii Kt qu im
Chn h trc to Ox c gc O B, Oy hng thng ng ln trn,
Ox nm ngang hng t B n A.
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca cc vin bi trong h to trn l :
- Vin bi th nht: x
1
= 1; y
1
= vt gt
2
/2.
- Vin bi th hai:
x
2
= v.cos.(t t
0
); y
2
= v.sin.(t t
0
) g(t t
0
)
2
/2.
hai vin bi gp nhau th t v t
0
phi tho mn h phng trnh:

'

2 1
2 1
y y
x x

'

2
t . g
t . v
2
) t t .( g
sin ). t t .( v
l cos ). t t .( v
2 2
0
0
0

'

0
) cos . v .( 2
g . l
cos
sin . l
t . v
2
t . g
cos . v
l
) t t (
2
2 2
0
2,0
Gii h phng trnh ta c t = 2,7724 s v t
0
= 2,3575 s hoc
t = 0,2888 s v t
0
= - 0,1261 s < 0 (loi).

t
0
= 2,3575 s. 3,0
Bi 3: Cho c h nh hnh 3, cc vt c khi lng m
1
= 150 g, m
2
=
100 g, m
3
= 500 g, gc = 70
0
, b qua mi ma st, dy khng dn, khi
lng ca dy v rng rc khng ng k.
1. H trng thi cn bng. Hy xc nh gc .
2. Hy xc nh gia tc ca mi vt sau khi t dy ni gia m
1
v
m
2
.
n v tnh: Gc (, pht, giy); gia tc (m/s).
Cch gii Kt qu im
1. Khi h cn bng ta c (m
1
+ m
2
).g.sin = m
3
.g.sin suy ra
= 28
0
127,55. = 28
0
127,55. 2,0
2. Khi t dy ni gia m
1
v m
2
th h mt cn bng, m
3
v m
1
cng i xung, m
2
i ln.
Gia tc ca m
1
l a
1
= g.sin = 9,2152 m/s.
a
1
= 9,2152 m/s. 1,0
74
m
2

m
3
m
1

Hnh 3
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
T
T
1
T
2
Hnh 4
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 7
S
Hnh 8
H I
K S
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
V
V
1
V
3
Hnh 4 (A)
Gia tc ca m
2
v m
3
l
a
2
= a
3
=
3 2
2 3
m m
g ) sin m sin m (
+

= 2,3038 m/s.
a
2
= a
3
= 2,3038m/s. 2,0
Bi 4: Hnh 4 l th chu trnh ca 1,5 mol kh l tng trong
mt phng to p, T. Bit p
1
= 1,5 atm, T
1
= 320K, T
2
= 600K.
Hy tnh cng m kh thc hin trong chu
trnh.
n v tnh: Cng (J).
Cch gii Kt qu im
th biu din chu trnh ca 1,5 mol kh l tng cho trong h
trc to p, V nh sau:
Cng m kh thc hin trong c chu trnh l A = A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
trong :
+ A
1
l cng m kh thc hin trong
qu trnh ng tch (1) (2):
A
1
= 0 J.
A
1
= 0 J. 1,0
+ A
2
l cng m kh thc hin trong
qu trnh ng nhit (2) (3):
A
2
=

3
1
V
V
dV . p
vi
1
1
1
p
T . R . n
V
,
1
2
3
p
T . R . n
V
,
V
T . R . n
p
2

Tnh tch phn ta c

A
2
= 4701,3642 J.
A
2
= 4701,3642 J. 2,0
+ A
3
l cng m kh thc hin trong qu trnh ng p (3) (1):
A
3
= p
1
(V
1
V
3
) = n.R.(T
1
T
2
) = - 3492,0782 J. A
3
= -3492,0782 J. 1,0
Cng m kh thc hin trong ton chu trnh l A = 1211,8159 J A = 1211,8159 J. 1,0
Bi 5: Cho mch in c s nh hnh 5, b qua in tr ca cc ngun
in v cc dy ni. Hy xc nh cng dng in qua cc in tr. Bit
E
1
= 12 V, E
2
= 6 V, E
3
= 9 V, R
1
= 15 , R
2
= 33 , R
3
= 47 .
n v tnh: Cng dng in (A).
Cch gii Kt qu im
Gi s chiu dng in i nh hnh v. p dng nh lut m cho
cc on mch cha ngun v cha my thu ta c h phng
trnh:

'

3 2 1
3
3 AB
3
2
2 AB
2
1
1 AB
1
I I I
R
U
I
R
U
I
R
U
I
E
E
E

'

0 I I I
U I . R
U I . R
U I . R
3 2 1
3 AB 3 3
2 AB 2 2
1 AB 1 1
E
E
E
2,0
75
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
T
T
1
T
2
Hnh 4
E
1
E
2
E
3
R
1
R
2
R
3
Hnh 5
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 7
S
Hnh 8
H I
K S
b)
Hnh 9
p
p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)
V
V
1
V
3
Hnh 4 (A)
Gii h phng trnh bc nht 4 n ta c I
1
= 0,1385 A;
I
2
= 0,1189 A; I
3
= 0,0196 A; U
AB
= 9,9226 V.
I
1
= 0,1385 A.
I
2
= 0,1189 A.
I
3
= 0,0196 A.
U
AB
= 9,9226 V.
3,0
Bi 6: Cho on mch in xoay chiu RLC mc ni tip c R = 100 , cun thun cm L = 0,5284 H v t
in c in dung C = 100 F. t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u = 220
2
sin100t
(V). B qua in tr ca cc dy ni. Hy xc nh:
1. Cng sut tiu th ca on mch.
2. Vit biu thc cng dng in trong mch v biu thc hiu in th tc thi gia hai u t in.
n v tnh: Cng sut (W); cng dng in (A); thi gian (s), pha (rad).
Cch gii Kt qu im
1. Cng sut tiu th trong mch l
P = U.I.cos =
2
2
Z
R . U
= 172,8461 W.
P = 172,8461W 1,0
2. Cng dng in trong mch c biu thc:
i = 1,8593.sin(100t 0,9303) A. i = 1,8593.sin(100t 0,9303) A. 2,0
Hiu in th gia hai cc ca t in c biu
thc:
u
C
= 59,1827.sin(100t 2,5011) V.
u
C
= 59,1827.sin(100t 2,5011) V. 2,0
Bi 7: Mt ng dy c t cm L = 2,00 H v in tr R
0
= 1,00 c
ni vi mt ngun in mt chiu c sut in ng E = 3,00 V (hnh 7). Mt
in tr R = 2,7 c mc song song vi ng dy. Sau khi dng in trong
ng t gi tr n nh, ngi ta ngt kho K. Tnh nhit lng Q to ra trn
in tr R sau khi ngt mch. B qua in tr ca ngun in v cc dy ni.
n v tnh: Nhit lng (J).
Cch gii Kt qu im
- Khi dng in trong mch n nh, cng dng in qua cun
dy l I
L
=
0
R
E
. Cun dy d tr mt nng lng t trng W
tt
=
2
I . L
2
L
=
2
2
0
.E
2
L
R
.
- Khi ngt kho K th nng lng t trng chuyn thnh nhit nng
to ra trn hai in tr R v R
0
, khi ngt mch th cng dng in
chy qua R
0
v R l nh nhau.
2,0
Suy ra nhit lng to ra trn R l:
Q =
R R
R
W
0
tt
+
=
2
2
0 0
. .E
2( )
R L
R R R +
= 6,5676 J.
Q = 6,5676 J. 3,0
Bi 8: Hnh 8 v ng truyn ca mt tia sng SIS i t mi trng
c chit sut n
1
= 1 sang mi trng c chit sut n
2
=
2
. Bit HI
nm trong mt phn cch gia hai mi trng, SH = 4 cm, HK =
n v tnh: Khong cch HI (cm).2 3 cm, SK = 6 cm. Tnh
khong cch HI.
Cch gii Kt qu im
p dng nh lut khc x nh sng ta c:

2 2
) x 6 ( 12
x 6
. 2
16 x
x
+

+
1,0
76
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 7
S
Hnh 8
H I
K S
b)
Hnh 9
Phng trnh trn tr thnh x
4
- 12x
3
+ 56x
2
- 384x + 1152 = 0. 1,0
Gii phng trnh ta c x = 4 cm. x = 4 cm. 3,0
Bi 9: Mt thu knh c tiu c f = 25,0 cm c ct ra thnh hai phn bng nhau
theo mt phng cha quang trc chnh (hnh 9.a), ri mi bt mi na theo mt
phng ca thu knh va b ct i mt lp c b dy a = 1,00 mm. Sau dn li
thnh lng thu knh (hnh 9.b). Mt khe sng S c t trn trc i xng ca
lng thu knh, cch lng thu knh mt khong 12,5 cm, pht ra nh sng n
sc c bc sng = 0,60 m. Cch lng thu knh mt khong b = 175 cm v
pha sau, ngi ta t mt mn nh vung gc vi trc i xng ca lng thu
knh. Xc nh khong vn v s vn quan st c trn mn.
n v tnh: Khong vn (mm).
Cch gii Kt qu im
- Lng thu knh cho hai nh S
1
v S
2
nm cch lng thu knh 25
cm (trc lng thu knh). Khong cch S
1
S
2
= 2,00 mm.
1,5
Khong cch t hai khe S
1
S
2
ti mn quan st l D = 200 cm
khong vn i = 0,6000 mm.
i = 0,6000 mm. 1,0
- rng trng giao thoa MN = 7.2.a = 14 mm. 1,0
Trn mn quan st c 23 vn sng. 23 vn sng. 1,5
Bi 10: Cht phng x Po
210
84
c chu k bn r 138 ngy m, pht ra bc x v bin i thnh cht X. Cho
khi lng cc ht nhn: m(Po) = 209,9828u; m() = 4,0015u; m(X) = 205,9744u.
1. Xc nh ht nhn X v tm nng lng to ra ca mt phn r.
2. Tm khi lng ban u ca P
o
, bit phng x ban u ca n l 2 Ci. Tm khi lng ca cht X c
to ra trong khong thi gian 30 ngy k t thi im ban u.
n v tnh: Nng lng (10
-12
J); khi lng (10
-4
g).
Cch gii Kt qu im
1. p dng nh lut bo ton s khi v bo ton in tch ta tm
c X l ht nhn Pb (ch). Nng lng to ra t mt phn r l
E = (m(Po) m(X) m()).c
2
= 1,0298.10
-12
J.
E=1,0298.10
-12
J.
1,5
2. phng x ban u ca mu Po l H
0
= 2 Ci suy ra khi lng
ban u l
m
0
=
) Po ( m .
2 ln . N
T . H
) Po ( m .
. N
H
A
0
A
0

= 4,4385.10
-4
g.
m
0
=4,4385.10
-4
g. 1,5
Khi lng ch to thnh sau 30 ngy k t thi im ban u l
m =
) Pb ( m .
. N
e . H H
A
t
0 0

=
) Pb ( m .
2 ln . N
T ). e 1 ( H
A
t
T
2 ln
0

= 6,0900.10
-5
g.
m = 0,6090.10
-4
g. 2,0
GiI cc bi ton vt l trn my tnh cm tay
* Vit quy trnh bm phm trong phn cch giI
Bi 1: Gn mt vt c khi lng m = 200g vo 1 l xo c cng k = 80 N/m. Mt u
ca l xo c chuyn ng ko m khi VTCB 10cm dc theo trc l xo ri th nh cho
vt dao ng. Bit h s ma st gia m v mt phng nang l M = 0,1 (g = 10m/s
2
).
77
b)
Hnh 9
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7
1. Tm chiu di qung ng m vt i c cho ti lc dng.
2. CMR gim bin dao ng sau mi chu k l khng i.
3. Tnh thi gian dao ng ca vt.
Bi 2: Mt con lc n gm si dy c chiu di l = 1(m) v qu cu nh khi lng m =
100 (g), c treo ti ni c gia tc trng trng g = 9,8 (m/s
2
).
1.Tnh chu k dao ng nh ca con lc.
2. Cho qu cu mang in tch dng q = 2,5.10
-4
to ra ng trng u c cng E
= 1000 (v/m).
Hy xc nh phng ca dy treo con lc khi CB v chu k dao ng nh ca con lc
trong cc trng hp.
a) Vct
E
hng thng xung di
b) Vct
E
c phng nm ngang.
Bai3: Mch chn sng ca mt my thu v tuyn in gm mt cuc dy c t cm
L v mt b t in gm t in chuyn ng C
0
mc // vi t xoay Cx. T xoay c c
in dung bin thin t C
1
= 10pF n C=2= 250pF khi gc xoay bin thin t 0 n
120. Nh vy, mch thu c sng in t c bc sng trong di t
1
= 10m n
2
=
30m. Cho bit in dung ca t in l hm bc nht ca gc xoay.
1. Tnh L v C
0
2. mch thu c sng c bc sng
0
= 20m th gc xoay ca bn t bng bao nhiu?
c = 3.10
8
m/s
Bi 4: Cho dng in xoay chiu f=50Hz. Cun dy c R
0
=5,
L=0,127H
5
2
H, ampe k R
A
=0 ch 2A. Nhit lng to ra trong on
mch trong khong thi gian 10s l Q=1200J. Hy tnh:
a) Tnh R

.
a) Tnh Z.
Bi 5: Cho mch in xoay chiu: Cun dy c in tr r=0, L=1,27H
H

4
. in p hai u on mch ) ( 100 cos 2 126 V t u . Khi iu chnh C,
s ch ca vn k c gi tr cc i l 210V.
a) Tm R, C.
b) Xc nh s ch ampe k. (R
A
=0, R
V
>>).
Bi 6: Ti mt ni nang bng mc nc bin, nhit 10
0
C, mt
ng h qu lc trong mt ngy m chy nhanh 6,48 (s) coi
con lc ng h nh 1 con lc n thanh treo con lc c h s n di = 2.10
-5
K
-1
1. Ti VT ni trn thi gian no th ng h chy ng gi.
2. a ng h ln nh ni, ti t
0
l 6
0
C, ta thy ng h chy ng gi. Gii thch
hin tng ny v tnh cao ca nh ni so vi mc nc bin. Coi tri t l hnh cu
c bn knh R = 6400 km.
Bi 7: : Mt rng rc c bn knh r = 2cm c th quay quanh mt trc nm ngang qua tm O. Mt dy nh
khng dn vt qua rnh ca rng rc, hai u dy c gn hai vt nh A, B c khi lng l 1,5kg v 1kg. Dy
khng trt trn rnh rng rc. Khi hai vt chuyn ng, ngi ta tc dng vo rng rc mt mmen cn M
c
=
0.02N.m. Ly g = 10m/s
2
. Tnh gia tc cc vt trong hai trng hp:
78
L
A B
A
~
M N
C
V
A
R
L
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7

p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)

V
1
V
3
a. B qua khi lng ca rng rc.
b. Khi lng ca rng rc l m = 100g phn b u trn vnh.
im
(Bng s)
im
(Bng ch)
Ch k gim kho
1
2
S phch
(Do ch tch ban chm thi ghi)
BI (gm 04 trang)
Bi 1: T mt im A, mt vin bi c nm ln theo phng thng ng vi vn tc v = 15 m/s. Sau
mt khong thi gian t
0
, t mt im B cng cao vi A v cch A mt khong l = 4 m, mt vin bi th hai
c nm xin mt gc = 50
0
so vi phng ngang, vi vn tc c ln nh vin bi th nht, sao cho hai
vin bi gp nhau. Hi vin bi th hai c nm sau vin bi th nht mt khong thi gian t
0
l bao nhiu? Ly g
= 10
2
m
s
n v tnh: Thi gian (s).
Bi 2: Hnh 1 l th chu trnh ca 1,5 mol kh l tng trong
mt phng ta p, T. Bit T
1
= 320
0
K, T
2
= 600
0
K. R = 8,31
J
mol.K
. Hy tnh cng m kh
thc hin trong chu trnh.
n v tnh: Cng (J)

Bi 3:
Mt ng dy c t cm L = 2,00 H v in tr R
0
= 1,00 c ni vi mt
ngun in mt chiu c sut in ng E = 3,00 V (hnh 2). Mt in tr R = 2,7
c mc song song vi ng dy. Sau khi dng in trong ng t gi tr n
nh, ngi ta ngt kho K. Tnh nhit lng Q to ra trn in tr R sau khi ngt
mch. B qua in tr ca ngun in v cc dy ni.
n v tnh: Nhit lng (J).
Bi 4: Mt vt c khi lng m = 400g c gn trn mt l xo dng thng
ng c cng k = 50
N
m
(hnh bn), t m
1
c khi lng 50 g ln trn m.
Kch thch cho m dao ng theo phng thng ng bin nh, b qua lc
ma st v lc cn. Tm bin dao ng ln nht ca h, m
1
khng ri m
trong qu trnh dao ng. Ly g = 9,813 m/s
2
.
n v tnh: Bin (cm).
Bi 5: Mt con lc c chiu di l, vt nng khi lng m, ko con lc ra khi v tr cn bng mt gc
0
ri th khng vn tc u. Lp biu thc lc cng dy ng vi li gc . Suy ra lc cng dy cc i, cc tiu.
p dng: l = 1m, m = 100g,
0
= 6
0
; g = 10(m/s
2
);
Ly = 3,1416.
n v tnh: Lc (N).
Bi 6: Khung dao ng gm cun L v t C thc hin dao ng in t t do, in tch cc i trn 1 bn t l
Q
0
= 10
-2
C v dng in cc i trong khung l I
0
= 1A. Tnh bc sng ca sng in t m khung pht ra,
cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m
s
.
Ly = 3,1416. n v tnh: Bc sng (m).
79
T
p
2
3
p
2
p
1
T
1
T
2
1
Hnh 1
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7
m
1
m

p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)

V
1
V
3
Bi 7: Mt thu knh hi t tiu c 10cm v gng cu li bn knh 24cm t ng trc v cch nhau mt
khong l. im sng S trn trc chnh, cch thu knh 15 cm v pha khng c gng. Xc nh l nh cui
qua h trng vi S.
n v tnh: Chiu di (cm).
Bi 9:
y mt con ln nng c trng lng P, bn knh R ln bc thm,
ngi ta t vo n mt lc F (hnh bn). Hy xc nh t s
P
F
bit
cao cc i ca bc thm l h
m
= 0,2R.
Bi 10: Mt bp in c s dng hiu in th 220V th dng in chy qua bp c cng
8
A. Dng
bp ny un si c 1,25kg nc t nhit ban u 20
0
C trong thi gian 20 pht. Tnh hiu sut ca bp
in, bit nhit dung ring ca nc c = 4200J/kg.K.
n v tnh: Hiu sut (%).
K THI CHN I TUYN - MTCT
LP 12 - MN: VT L
HNG DN CHM - (gm 03 trang)
Hng dn chm:
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
- im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
Bi 1
Cch gii Kt qu
Chn h trc to Ox c gc O B, Oy hng thng ng ln trn, Ox nm ngang
hng t B n A.
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca cc vin bi trong h to trn l :
- Vin bi th nht: x
1
= 1; y
1
= vt
2
gt
2
.
- Vin bi th hai:
x
2
= v.cos.(t t
0
); y
2
= v.sin.(t t
0
)
g
2
(t t
0
)
2
.
hai bi gp nhau th t v t
0
phi tho mn h phng trnh:
1 2
1 2
x x
y y

'

0
2 2
0
0
v.(t t ).cos l
g(t t ) gt
v(t t )sin vt
2 2

'

0
2 2
2
l
(t t )
v.cos
g.t l .g
vt l.tan 0
2 2(vcos )

'

Gii h phng trnh ta c t

0
= 2,297 s . t
0
= 2,297 s.
Bi 2
Cch gii Kt qu
th biu din chu trnh trong h trc to p, V:
Cng m kh thc hin trong c chu trnh l: A = A
1
+ A
2
+ A
3
vi:
A
1
l cng m kh thc hin trong qu trnh ng tch
(1) (2): A
1
= 0 J. A
1
= 0 J.
80
R
F

p
2
(2)
p
1
(1) (3)

V
1
V
3
A
2
l cng m kh thc hin trong qu trnh ng nhit
(2)(3): A
2
= nR
2
2
1
T
T ln
T

=> A
2
= 4701,2994 J.
A
2
= 4701,2994 J.
A
3
l cng thc hin trong qu trnh ng p (3) (1):
A
3
= p
1
(V
1
V
3
) = n.R.(T
1
T
2
) = - 3490,2 J. A
3
= - 3490,2 J.
Cng thc hin trong ton chu trnh l A = 1211,0994 J A = 1211,0994 J.
Bi 3
Cch gii Kt qu
Khi d.in trong mch n nh, c. d.in qua cun dy l I
L
=
0
E
R
.
Cun dy d tr mt nng lng t trng: W
tt
=
2
L
L.I
2
=
2
2
0
L.E
2R
.
Khi ngt K th nng lng t trng chuyn thnh nhit nng to ra trn hai in tr
R v R
0
.
Q =
tt
0
R
W
R R +
=
2
2
0 0
R.L.E
2(R R)R +
= 6,5676 J. Q = 6,5676 J.
Bi 4
Cch gii Kt qu
Khi m
1
khng ri khi m th hai vt cng dao ng vi gia tc a =
2
x. Gi tr ln
nht ca gia tc a
max
=
2
A. Nu m
1
ri khi m th n chuyn ng vi gia tc trng
trng g.
Vy iu kin m
1
khng ri khi m: a
max
< g
2
A < g A <
2
g

1
k
m m

+
A <
1
g(m m )
k
+
A < 0,088317m A < 8,8317cm
A < 8,8317cm
Bi 5
Cch gii Kt qu
*nh lut 2 N:
P T ma +
ur ur r
=> - mg.cos + T = ma
ht
=> T = mgcos +
2
mv
l
= m(gcos +
2
v
l
)
m v
2
= 2gl(cos - cos
0
) => T = mg(3cos - 2cos
0
)
*T
max
khi = 0, vt VTCB: T
max
= mg (3 - 2cos
0
) = 1,011N
*T
min
khi =
0
, vt bin: T
min
= mgcos
0
= 0,9945N
T = mg(3cos - 2cos
0
)
T
max
= 1,011N
T
min
= 0,9945N
Bi 6
Cch gii Kt qu
- Nng lng in t trong khung dao ng
E = E

+ E
t
=
2 2
q Li
2C 2
+ m E = E
max
= E
tmax

2 2
0 0
Q LI
2C 2

0
0
Q
LC
I

0
0
Q
c.T c.2 LC c.2
I

18,8496 m
= 18,8496 m
Bi 7
Cch gii Kt qu
81
* d
1
= 15 cm, f
k
= 10 cm
'
1 k
1
1 k
d f
d 30cm
d f

* nh S
'
qua h trng vi S d
1
= d
'
3
Li c
' '
1 1 3 3
1 1 1 1 1
f d d d d
+ +
d
3
= d
'
1
= 30 (cm)
M: d
2
= l - d
'
1
= l - 30; d
'
2
= l - d
3
= l - 30
ng thi: d
2
=
2 g
2 g
d f
d f
d
2
2
- 2d
2
f
g
= 0 d
2
(d
2
- 2f
g
) = 0
+ TH 1: d
2
= 0 l = 30 (cm)
+ TH 2: d
2
= 2f
g
= -24(cm) l = d
2
+ 30 = -24+ 30 = 6cm
l = 30cm
l = 6 cm
Bi 8
Cch gii Kt qu
* Dung khng:
C0
0
1
Z
C

20,
AB
U
Z
I
250
=>
2 2
AB x C0 x
Z Z Z Z + 30
69

* cos =
AB
R
Z
= 0,6 R = 250.0,6 = 150 ()
=> X gm R v L hoc R v C
+X gm R v L: Z
X
=
2 2
L
R Z +
Z
L
= 30
44
=> L = 0,6334 (H)
+X gm R v C: Tng t Z
C
= 30
44
=> C = 1,5996.10
-5
(F)
R = 150 ()
L = 0,6334 (H)
C = 1,5996.10
-5
(F)
Bi 9
Cch gii Kt qu
Chn im tip xc O gia con ln v nh ca bc thm lm trc quay. Con ln s
vt qua c bc thm khi M
F
M
P
.
Gi h l cao ca bc thm th 0 < h < 0.
Ta c:
2 2
F(R h) P R (R h)
=>
2 2
m m
F(R h ) P R (R h )
2 2
m
m
R (R h )
F
P R h

Thay h
m
= 0,2R =>
F
0, 75
P
.
F
0, 75
P

Bi 10
Cch gii Kt qu
Cng ca dng in sn ra trong thi gian 20 pht :
A = U.I.t = 220.
8
.20.60 = 746704,7609(J)
Nhit lng cn thit un si nc :
Q = m.c.(t
2
t
1
) = 1,25.4200(100 20) = 420000 (J)
Hiu sut ca bp: H =
Q 420000
.100% .100% 56, 2471%
A 746704, 7609


H = 56,2471%
Khi th sinh lm ng 1 phn ca bi ton th ty theo mc hon thnh, cp gim kho thng nht cch cho
im bi .
=== Ht ===
Thi chn i tuyn hc sinh gii lp 12
GiI ton bng my tnh casio nm hc 2009-2010
Mn: vt l
(Thi gian lm bi 150pht)
82
R
F
h
O
P
TRng thpt
Triu sn 1
Nhng hng s nu khng c cho trong bi th phi ly t my tnh. Kt
qu ly n 5 ch s thp phn, lm trn theo quy lut lm trn s.
H v
tn...............................................................................Lp..........................im.................
.........
Cu 1(2 im). Mt on mch gm 2 ng dy mc ni tip nhau. ng th nht c
in tr R
1
v h s t cm L
1
, ng dy th 2 c in tr R
2
v h s t cm L
2
. Tnh
gim in p trn mi ng dy (hiu in th hiu dng). Bit in p hai u
on mch l U, tn s dng in l f. Vi f=50Hz; U=178V; R
1
=20; R
2
=15; L
1
=
3
150
.10 H

;L
2
=
0,16
.H

.
Cu 2 (2 im). Xc nh ln v hng ca gia tc ca bung thang my mt
con lc n treo trong bung thang my thc hin c N dao ng trong thi gian t ti
ni c gia tc trng trng l g. Bit N=105; t=2pht 30giy; g=9,80857m/s
2
. Chu k
ban u T
0
=1s.
Cu 3 (2 im). Mch chn sng ca mt my thu v tuyn c C=5nF v L=8
H
.
Tnh bc sng m mch ny c th bt c. bt c sng c bc sng 600m th cn
mc vi cun cm L mt cun cm L
X
nh th no.
Cu 4 ( 2 im). Mch dao ng LC c L=50mH; C=20
F
thc hin dao ng in
t vi hiu in th cc i gia 2 bn t l 15V. Nu mch c in tr thun 10
-2

th duy tr dao ng in t trong mch cn cung cp cho mch mt cng sut
bao nhiu. Bit cng sut bc x sng in t ca mch l 0,5.10
-4
W.
Cu 5( 2im). a; Mt ngun m trong khng gian c cng sut 100W. Hy tnh cng
m v mc cng m ti A cch ngun m 10m. Bit I
0
=10
-12
W.
b; Mt ngun m trong khng kh pht u sng m theo mi ph-
ng. Ti A cch ngun m 15m m c mc cng m l 80dB. Hi ti B cch ngun
m 25m L l bao nhiu.
Cu 6 (2 im). on mch RLC mc ni tip L l cun dy thun cm mc vo mch
in c tn s f thay i c. Xc nh f hiu in th hiu dng trn cun dy
t cc i. Bit L=0,318H; C=15,9
F
; R=50.
Cu 7. (2 im) Mt con lc n c l=1m treo trn trn mt chic xe ang xung
dc nghing gc 30
0
so vi phng ngang vi gia tc 1m/s
2
. Tm gc lch ca dy khi m
cn bng so vi phng thng ng v chu k dao ng nh.
Cu 8. (2 im). a; Huyn Triu Sn v tr 19,8
0
v bc,105,5
0
kinh ng. Hy
tnh tc di ca 1 im trn sn trng THPT Triu Sn 1 trong chuyn ng t
quay ca Tri t quanh trc ca n. Bit Tri t c bn knh 6400km.
b; Tm mmen qun tnh ca Tri t i vi trc quay ca n nu ly
bn knh ca Tri t l 6400km v khi lng ring trung bnh ca Tri t l 5,5.10
3
kg/m
3
.
Cu 9 ( 2im ). t vo 2 u on mch mt cun cm thun c L=0,6/
( ) H
mt
hiu in th xoay chiu. Bit ti thi im t
1
th u
1
=60 6 V; i
1
=
2
A. Ti thi im
t
2
th u
2
=60
2
V; i
2
= 6 A. Hy vit biu thc hiu in th hai u on mch bit
rng khi t=0 th u=0. Tnh u khi t=11s.
Cu 10 (2 im). Mt con kin b xa t theo mt ng thng. Bit rng ln vn
tc ca n t l nghch vi khong cch t n n tm t. Khi kin im A cch
tm t 1m th vn tc ca n l 2cm/s. Hi sau bao lu n n im B cch tm t
mt khong 2m.
S gio dc v o to ng Thp thi chn hc sinh gii Casio lp 12 THPT
Trng THPT TXCL Nm hc 2008 - 2009
Mn Vt L (Vng trng)
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht (khng K thi gian giao )
83
thi chnh thc
(Trong qu trnh tnh ton, khi cn ly kt qu cho php tnh tip theo th lm trn n 4 ch
s thp phn. Kt qu ca bi ton th lm trn n 5 ch s thp phn
S dng cc hng s vt l c ci t sn trong my tnh ton)
Cu 1 ( 4 im):
Ti 1 ni trn Tri t, mt con lc n khi c chiu di l
1
th dao ng vi chu k T
1
; c
chiu di l
2
th dao ng vi chu k T
2
; Bit rng con lc n khi c chiu di
(l
1
+ l
2
) th dao ng vi chu k T = 2,7s; c chiu di (l
1
l
2
) dao ng vi chu k
T = 0,8s. Hy tnh chu k dao ng T
1
v T
2
ca con lc n khi c chiu di tng ng l l
1
v l
2
.
Cu 2:
Mt ng dy dn c in tr r v h s t cm L. t vo 2 u ng dy mt hiu in th 1
chiu 12V th cng dng in trong ng l 0,2435A. t vo hai u ng mt hiu in
th xoay chiu tn s 50Hz c gi tr hiu dng 100V th cng hiu dng ca dng in
trong ng dy l 1,1204A. Tnh r v L
Cu 3:
Khi treo 1 vt khi lng m
1
= 100g vo 1 l xo th l xo c chiu di l
1
= 31,5cm. Treo vt
khi lng m
2
= 300g vo l xo ni trn th l xo c chiu di l
2
= 34,3cm. Hy xc nh chiu
di t nhin l
0
v cng k ca l xo
Cu 4:
Mt on tu gm u my v 2 hai toa xe A, B c ni vi nhau bng hai l xo ging nhau
c khi lng khng ng k, toa A c khng lng 40 tn v toa B c khi lng 20 tn.
Sau khi khi hnh 40s th vn tc ca on tu bng 10,8 km/h. Tnh dn ca mi l xo
Bit khi chu tc dng ca lc 1200N th l xo ni trn dn 2cm. B qua ma st
Cu 5:
Hai qu cu bng ng, ging ht nhau, mt qu t trn gi , cn qu kia treo bng 1 si
dy. Khi nung nng hai qu cu bng nhng nhit lng nh nhau, ngi ta thy nhit
o c ca chng c s sai lch so vi d kin. Xc nh mc chnh lch nhit ca 2
qu cu. Bit bn knh cc qu cu l r = 10cm; khi lng ring ca ng l 8,9.10
3
kg/m
3
;
nhit dung ring ca ng l 0,383Kj/kg.; h s n di ca ng l 1,7.10
5
K
-1
.
Cu 6:
Cho h dao ng nh hnh v . L xo v rng rc khi lng
khng ng k, dy nh khng dn. Vt chuyn ng khng
ma st trn mt phng nghing. Bit cng l xo k =
200N/m, M = 4kg; m = 1kg;

= 25
0
25

25

, gia tc trng
trng l g
a) Xc nh dn hoc nn ca l xo
b) T v tr cn bng ko M dc theo mt phng
nghing xung di mt khong l =2,5cm ri th nh.
Chng minh h dao ng iu ha. Chn gc thi gian
khi th vt, gc ta v tr cn bng. Xc nh li ti
thi im 2 giy sau khi th.
HT
n thi hc sinh gii my tnh
s 1
Cu 1. Khi g hmh tr ( H.1), c khi lng m = 200g v din tch y S = 50cm
2
, ni
mt phn trn mt nc. T VTCB, nhn chm khi g xung mt on nh theo phng
thng ng v bung nh. Coi mt thong nc rng, chuyn ng khng mast v
b qua nht ca nc> tnh chu k dao ng iu ha ca khi g. Ly g = 8,8m/s
2
;
khi lng ring ca nc D = 10
3
kg/m
3
.
Cu 2. Vt c khi lng m = 150g, ri t do t cao h = 20cm ln mt ci a cn
c khi lng M = 350g, gn vo mt l xo thng ng c cng k = 150N/m (H.2).
Khi va chm vo a, vt gn cht vo a ( va chm mm). Tnh bin dao ng
ca vt, ly g = 9,8m/s
2
.
84
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7
Cu 3. Mt l xo c chiu di t nhin l
0
= 20cm. Khi treo vt c khi lng m = 100g th
chiu di ca l xo khi h cn bng l 24cm. Ly hai l xo ging nh hai l xo trn v b
tr mt h c hc nh hnh v. Hai vt c th trt khng mast trn thanh. Quay h
quanh trc thng ng vi tn s n = 0,5vng/s. Tnh chiu di ca mi l xo, ly g =
9,8m/s
2
.
Cu 4.Con lc treo vo trn mt toa xe chuyn ng xung c nghing gc
0
20
so vi mt phng ngang. H s mast gia xe v mt phng nghing l
1 , 0
. v
tr cn bng trong xe du treo lch so vi phng thng ng mt gc bao nhiu?
Cu 5. Mt mch in xoay chiu gm hai ng dy mc ni tip vi nhau. ng dy
th nht c in tr hot ng 20 , h s t cm H L
3
10 .
150

. ng dy th hai c
in tr hot ng 12 , t cm H L

16 , 0
. Tnh in p trn mi ng dy. Cho
bit in p t vo hai u mch l U = 178V v tn s f = 50Hz.
Cu 6. Mt mch in c s nh hnh v (H.3). in p t vo hai u mch c
biu thc
) ( 100 cos 170 V t u
Vn k V
2
ch U
2
= 265V. Am pe k A ch I = 0,5A v dng
in sm pha
4

so vi hiu in th u. Tnh s ch ca vn k V
1
Cu 7. Mch dao ng gm cun cm L c hai t in C
1
v C
2
. Nu mc song song
hai t C
1
v C
2
ri mc vi cun L th tn s dao ng ring ca mch l f = 25KHz. Nu
mc ni tip C
1
vi C
2
ri mc vi cun L th tn s dao ng ring ca mch l f =
48KHz. Hi nu mc ring r tng t C
1
, C
2
vi cun cm th tn s dao ng ring ca
mch l bao nhiu?
Cu 8. Mt mch dao ng gmm t in C v cun cm L, c ni vi mt b pin c
sut in ng E v in tr trong r = 1 qua kha K ( H.). Ban u kha K ng.
Khi dng in n nh ngi ta m kha K v trong mch c dao ng in t vi
tn s 1MHz. Bit in p cc i gia hai bn t ln gp n = 10ln sut in ng E
ca b pin. Tnh t cm L theo n v
H
v in dung ca t C theo n v nF?
BI (gm 04 trang)
Bi 1: T mt im A, mt vin bi c nm ln theo phng thng ng vi vn tc v = 15 m/s. Sau
mt khong thi gian t
0
, t mt im B cng cao vi A v cch A mt khong l = 4 m, mt vin bi th hai
c nm xin mt gc = 50
0
so vi phng ngang, vi vn tc c ln nh vin bi th nht, sao cho hai
vin bi gp nhau. Hi vin bi th hai c nm sau vin bi th nht mt khong thi gian t
0
l bao nhiu? Ly g
= 10
2
m
s
n v tnh: Thi gian (s).
Bi 2: Hnh 1 l th chu trnh ca 1,5 mol kh l tng trong
mt phng ta p, T. Bit T
1
= 320
0
K, T
2
= 600
0
K. R = 8,31

85
H.1
m
m
H.2
V
1
V
2
V
A
L,R C
H.3
T
p
2
3
p
2
p
1
T
1
T
2
1
Hnh 1
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7
J
mol.K
. Hy tnh cng m kh
thc hin trong chu trnh.
n v tnh: Cng (J)
Bi 3:
Mt ng dy c t cm L = 2,00 H v in tr R
0
= 1,00 c ni vi mt
ngun in mt chiu c sut in ng E = 3,00 V (hnh 2). Mt in tr R = 2,7
c mc song song vi ng dy. Sau khi dng in trong ng t gi tr n
nh, ngi ta ngt kho K. Tnh nhit lng Q to ra trn in tr R sau khi ngt
mch. B qua in tr ca ngun in v cc dy ni.
n v tnh: Nhit lng (J).
Bi 4: Mt vt c khi lng m = 400g c gn trn mt l xo dng thng
ng c cng k = 50
N
m
(hnh bn), t m
1
c khi lng 50 g ln trn m.
Kch thch cho m dao ng theo phng thng ng bin nh, b qua lc
ma st v lc cn. Tm bin dao ng ln nht ca h, m
1
khng ri m
trong qu trnh dao ng. Ly g = 9,813 m/s
2
.
n v tnh: Bin (cm).
Bi 5: Mt con lc c chiu di l, vt nng khi lng m, ko con lc ra khi v tr cn bng mt gc
0
ri th khng vn tc u. Lp biu thc lc cng dy ng vi li gc . Suy ra lc cng dy cc i, cc tiu.
p dng: l = 1m, m = 100g,
0
= 6
0
; g = 10(m/s
2
);
Ly = 3,1416.
n v tnh: Lc (N).
Bi 6: Khung dao ng gm cun L v t C thc hin dao ng in t t do, in tch cc i trn 1 bn t l
Q
0
= 10
-2
C v dng in cc i trong khung l I
0
= 1A. Tnh bc sng ca sng in t m khung pht ra,
cho vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m
s
.
Ly = 3,1416. n v tnh: Bc sng (m).
Bi 7: Mt thu knh hi t tiu c 10cm v gng cu li bn knh 24cm t ng trc v cch nhau mt
khong l. im sng S trn trc chnh, cch thu knh 15 cm v pha khng c gng. Xc nh l nh cui
qua h trng vi S.
n v tnh: Chiu di (cm).
Bi 8: Cho mch in nh hnh v. Hp X cha 2 trong 3 phn t R, L, C
mc ni tip. B qua in tr ca ampe k v dy ni. t vo 2 u on
mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu c biu thc u = 200
2
sin100t (V)
th ampe k ch 0,8A v h s cng sut ca mch l 0,6. Xc nh cc
phn t cha trong on mch X v ln ca chng bit C
0
=
3
10
2

F.
n v tnh: in tr (), in dung (F), t cm (H).
Bi 9:
y mt con ln nng c trng lng P, bn knh R ln bc thm,
ngi ta t vo n mt lc F (hnh bn). Hy xc nh t s
P
F
bit
cao cc i ca bc thm l h
m
= 0,2R.
86
L, R
0
R
E K
Hnh 2
Hnh 7
m
1
m
R
F
A
B
M
A
C
0
X
T
2
Bi 10: Mt bp in c s dng hiu in th 220V th dng in chy qua bp c cng
8
A. Dng
bp ny un si c 1,25kg nc t nhit ban u 20
0
C trong thi gian 20 pht. Tnh hiu sut ca bp
in, bit nhit dung ring ca nc c = 4200J/kg.K.
n v tnh: Hiu sut (%).
S GIO DC V O TO K THI CHN HC SINH GII CP TNH
GIA LAI GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
NM HC 2009-2010
CHNH THC MN: VT L LP 12 THPT
(Gm 07 trang) Thi gian lm bi: 150 pht (khng k thi gian pht )
im ca ton bi thi
Cc gim kho
(H, tn v ch k)
S phch
(Do Ch tch Hi ng
chm thi ghi)
Bng s Bng ch
GK1
GK2
Qui nh: Hc sinh trnh by vn tt cch gii, cng thc p dng, kt qu tnh ton vo
trng lin k bi ton. Cc kt qu tnh gn ng, nu khng c ch nh c th, c ngm
nh chnh xc ti 04 ch s phn thp phn sau du phy.
Cu 1: (5 im) T cao h = 10 m so vi mt t nm ngang, ngi ta nm mt vt vi vn
tc u 20 m/s hng xung hp vi phng ngang mt gc

= 30
0
. B qua sc cn khng kh.
Ly g = 10 m/s
2
. Tm khong cch t im nm vt ti im chm t v vn tc ca vt ngay
lc chm t.
Cu 2: (5 im) Thanh ng cht khi lng m, chiu di
l
= AB = 20 cm, u B gn vi qu
cu nh cng khi lng m c th quay khng ma st quanh trc O nm ngang trn thanh vi
OA =
4
l
. Nng cho thanh nm ngang ri bung nh.
Ly g = 9,8 m/s
2
.
a. Tm tc gc ca thanh khi qua v tr cn bng.
b. Khi thanh chuyn ng qua v tr cn bng th vt m gn ti B va chm mm vi vt khc
khi lng m = m. Tm vn tc vt m ngay sau va chm.
Cu 3: (5 im) Con lc l xo c cng k = 0,1 N/cm, vt nng c khi lng
m = 200 g. Ko vt lch khi v tr cn bng mt on 5cm ri truyn cho vt vn tc 1 m/s
hng v v tr cn bng. Ly gc thi gian khi vt qua v tr c li x = A/2 (A l bin ) theo
chiu m. Tm thi gian vt i ht qung ng 72 cm tnh t t = 0.
Cu 4: (5 im) Gi s c mt ng c nhit lm vic vi mt mol kh l tng, bin i trng
thi theo chu trnh nh hnh v:
Qu trnh 1

2 l ng nhit vi
nhit t
1
= 96
0
C, 3

4 l ng
nhit vi t
2
= 20
0
C. Qu trnh 2

3
v 4

1 l ng tch vi V
2
= 2,5V
1
.
87
1
2
3
V
P
O
4
V
1
V
2
T
1
a. Tnh cng ng c thc hin
trong c chu trnh.
b. Tnh hiu sut ng c.
Cu 5: (5 im) Cho hai in tch im ging nhau q
1
= q
2
= q =
7
9, 8.10

C, cng khi lng m

= 10 g c treo bi hai dy nh cch in cng chiu di
l
= 0,4 m, trong khng kh, c
chung mt im treo. Ly g = 9,8 m/s
2
. Tm gc lch

ca mi dy treo so vi phng thng

ng khi cn bng.
Cu 6: (5 im) Cho mch in xoay chiu gm: mt t in c in dung
C = 20
F
, mt cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 0,2 H, mt in tr thun R
X
(c th thay
i ln in tr) mc ni tip nhau vo mt in p
u = 220 2 cos(100

t) V. Thay i R
X
cng sut tiu th ca mch in ny c gi tr 200 W.
Tm cc gi tr ca R
X
.
Cu 7: (5 im) Mt ht mang in dng q =
19
3, 2.10

C, khi lng
m =
27
1, 67.10

kg, c tng tc bi in trng (vn tc u khng ng k) c hiu in th U

= 10
3
V ri cho bay vo t trng u.
a. Tm vn tc
o
v
uur
ca ht khi bt u bay vo t trng.
b. Bit rng
o
v
uur
hp vi cc ng cm ng t mt gc

=30
0
, B = 0,2 T. Tm chu k quay
ca ht trong t trng v di ca ht sau thi gian
4 m
qB

k t lc bt u bay vo t
trng.
Cu 8: (5 im) im sng S trn trc chnh ca thu knh hi t tiu c f = 20 cm, S cch
thu knh mt khong d
o
= 40 cm. Cho im sng S dch chuyn thng u vi vn tc v = 2
cm/s v pha thu knh hp vi trc chnh gc

= 30
0
.
a. Tm vn tc ca nh S ti thi im t = 5 s k t lc bt u chuyn ng.
b. Tm di qu o ca nh trong khong thi gian 5 s ni trn.
Cu 9: (5 im) Mt knh lp tiu c f = 5 cm. Mt ngi mt cn th c khong nhn r cch
mt t 20 cm n 80 cm, t mt trn trc chnh cch knh a = 6 cm. bi gic ca knh c gi
tr cc i khi vt cch knh bao xa? Tm b gic cc i .
Cu 10: (5 im) Lc u phng th nghim c 0,04 g Plni (
210
84
Po ) phng x ra ht

v
bin i thnh ht nhn X, vi chu k bn r T = 138 ngy m. Tm th tch khi kh He to
thnh iu kin 20
0
C, p sut 700 mmHg sau 400 ngy.
0
S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI CP TNH GIA I TOAN TRN MAY TINH CM TAY
TUYN QUANG NM 2009

Mn Vt ly 12 cp Trung hoc ph thng
Thi gian thi: 150 phut (khng k thi gian giao )
Ngay thi: 11/01/09
Chu y : - thi na y gm 06 trang, 10 bi mi bi 5 im.
- - Thi sinh la m bai trc tip vao ban thi nay.
I M CU A TOA N BA I
THI
Cac gia m khao
(Ho, tn va ch ky )
S PHACH
(Do hi ng thi ghi)
Bng s Bng ch
88
Quy inh: Hoc sinh trinh bay vn tt cach giai, kt qua tinh toan vao trng lin k bai toan. Cac kt qua tinh
chinh xac ti 4 ch s thp phn sau du phy theo quy tc lam tron s cua n vi tinh quy inh trong bai toan.
Bi 1: Mt vt co khi lng 1,5kg t trn m t phng nghing goc = 25
0
.
Vt c keo bi lc
F
hp vi phng nm nghing mt goc vt chuy n ng u i ln trn m t phng
nghing. Bit h s ma sat gia vt va mt phng
nghing = 0,25, gia tc trong trng g = 9,81 m/s
2
.
Vi = 15
0
, tinh ln lc keo F.
n vi tinh: Lc (N).
Bi 2: Mt con lc n gm mt hn bi A c khi lng m
1
= 140g treo trn mt si dy di l = 1,2m. Ko con lc
lch khi phng thng ng gc
m
= 35
0
ri th khng vn tc u. B qua mi ma st v lc cn mi trng.
a) Tm vn tc ca hn bi A khi i qua v tr cn bng. Ly g = 9,81 m/s
2
.
b) Khi i qua v tr cn bng bi A va chm n hi v xuyn tm vi mt bi B c khi lng
m
2
= 70g ang ng yn trn mt bn. Tm vn tc ca hai hn bi ngay sau va chm.
n vi tinh: Vn tc (m/s)

Bi 3: Cho mch in nh hnh v. U = 7V ; R
1
= 3 ;
R
2
= 6 ; R
A
= 0. AB l mt dy dn di 1,5m,
tit din S = 0,1 mm
2
, in tr sut = 4. 10
-7
m.
Xc nh v tr ca C dng qua Ampe k
3
1

A
I A.
n vi tinh: Chiu di (m)
Bi 4: Hai con lc n c chiu di l
1
l v
2
l . Ti cng mt ni cc con lc c chiu di
1
l +
2
l v
1
l -
2
l dao
ng vi chu k ln lt l 2,7s v 0,9s. Tnh chu k dao ng ca hai con lc c chiu di
1
l v
2
l ti .
n v tnh chu k: Giy (s)

Bi 5: Mt lng kh bin i theo chu trnh c biu din trn th. Bit
P
1
= P
3
V
1
= 1m
3
; V
2
= 4m
3
T
1
= 100
0
K; T
4
= 300
0
K.
Tm V
3
?
n v tnh th tch: Mt khi (m
3
)
Bi 6: Cho on mch nh hnh v . t vo hai u mch mt in p xoay chiu n nh c dng
) 21 , 0 100 cos( 2 + t U u (V). Khi bin tr R = 30 th in p
U
AN
= 75 V v U
MB
= 100V. Bit cc in p
AN
u
v
MB
u

lch pha nhau 90
0
.
Tnh cc gi tr L v C.
n vi tinh: t cam (H) ; in dung(F).
Bi 7: Cho hai dao ng iu hoa cung phng cung tn s:
x
1
= 3,7sin(10t+ 0,32) (cm)
x
2
= 2,8cos(10t - 0,48) (cm)
Tim bin va pha ban u cua dao ng tng hp.
n vi tinh: Bin (cm) ; pha ban u (rad).
89

F
A
+
U
-
R
1
R
2
C
A
B
A
C
M N
R
L
B
v
1
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
T
V
V
2
Bi 8: Hai qua cu nho ging nhau mang in tich q
1
va q
2
t cach nhau 10cm trong khng khi. Ban u chung
hut nhau lc F
1
= 1,6. 10
-2
N. Cho hai qua cu tip xuc nhau ri a v vi tri cu thi chung y nhau lc F
2
= 9.
10
-3
N. Xac inh q
1
, q
2
trc khi chung tip xuc. Bit trong khng khi 1.
n vi tinh: in tich (C).
Bi 9: Cho mnh in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12V, in tr trong r = 1; mch ngoi c R
= 5 ni tip vi mt bnh in phn. Bnh in phn c cha dung dch CuSO
4,
ant bng Cu, in tr R' = 6
. Hy xc nh khi lng Cu bm vo catt sau thi gian 2h. Bit kim loi A = 64, n = 2.
n v tnh: khi lng (kg)
Bi 10: t vt sng AB c nh trc mt thu knh hi t. Khi t trong khng kh th nh to bi thu knh
bng vt. Nu nhng c h thng vo nc th to c nh o cao gp 2 ln vt. Bit chit sut ca nc l
1,333. Tm chit sut ca cht lm thu knh.
-----------------Ht--------------------
THI QUC GIA
GIAI TOAN TRN MAY TINH CASIO V VINACAL
(Sao li t NM HC 2010-2011
CHINH THC) Mn: Vt ly Lp: 12 Trung hc ph thng
Thi gian: 150 phut (Khng k thi gian giao )
Ngy thi: 11/3/2011
Chu y : thi na y gm 5 trang, 10 bai, mi bai 5 i m
Thi sinh la m bai trc tip vao ban thi nay
Quy inh: Hoc sinh trinh bay vn tt cach giai, cng thc ap dung, kt qua tinh toan vao trng lin k bai
toan. Cac kt qua tinh gn ung, nu khng co chi inh cu th, c ngm inh chinh xac ti 4 ch s phn
thp phn sau du phy.
Bai 1. Mt thanh AB ng cht, tit din u, hai u ta trn vng trn bn
knh R=50 cm (hnh v). Mt phng vng trn thng ng, h s ma st trt
gia thanh AB v vng trn k=0,2. Khong cch t tm O.ca vng trn n
thanh l OC=30 cm. Xc nh gc hp bi OC vi phng thng ng khi
thanh cn bng.
n vi tinh: gc (, pht, giy)
Bai 2. Mt tm vn di, khi lng M=450 g t trn mt phng nhn nm
ngang. Ngi ta t trn tm vn mt vt nh khi lng m=300 g
(hnh v). Truyn cho vt m mt vn tc ban u v
0
= 3 m/s theo
phng ngang v dc theo chiu di ca tm vn. Bit h s ma st
trt gia m v M l = 0,2. B qua sc cn ca khng kh. Hy
xc nh:
a) Vn tc ca hai vt khi m dng li trn M.
b) Xc nh qung ng m trt c trn M.
n vi tinh: vn tc (m/s), qung ng (m).
Bai 3. Cho c h nh hnh v, l xo k c khi lng khng ng k, hai vt c khi
lng l m v 2m. Vt m c treo trn gi bng si dy mnh, khng gin. Khi h
trng thi cn bng th l xo gin 30 cm. Ngi ta lm t dy treo t ngt bng cch
t si dy.
a) Xc nh gia tc ca cc vt ngay sau khi dy t.
b) Sau bao lu k t lc dy b t th l xo s t n trng thi khng bin dng
ln u tin? Xc nh vn tc ca cc vt thi im .
n vi tinh: gia tc (m/s
2
), thi gian (s), vn tc (m/s).
Bai 4. Cho h hai thu knh ng trc cch nhau mt khong L = 30 cm. Thu knh L
1
c
tiu c f
1
= 6 cm, thu knh L
2
c tiu c f
2
= - 3 cm. Vt sng AB = 1 cm t vung
gc vi trc chnh, trc thu knh L
1
mt khong d
1
, cho nh ca h l AB.
90
A
B
D
O
C
0
v

m
M
m
k
2m
a) Cho d
1
= 15 cm, hy xc nh v tr v ln ca nh AB.
b) Xc nh d
1
khi hon v hai thu knh, v tr ca nh AB khng i.
n v tnh: chiu di (cm).
Bi 5. Ngi ta dng bm tay bm khng kh vo mt ci sm. Xilanh ca bm c chiu cao h=40 cm v
ng knh d = 5 cm. Hi phi bm bao nhiu lu a vo sm 6 lt khng kh c p sut 5.10
5
Pa? Bit thi
gian mi ln bm l 1,5 giy v p sut ban u ca sm bng p sut kh quyn p
0
= 10
5
Pa. Coi nhit khng
kh l khng i.
n v tnh: thi gian (s).
Bi 6. Cho mch in mt chiu nh hnh v. Bit cc in tr
R
1
= 10 , R
2
= 15 , R
3
= 20 , R
4
= 9 , R
5
= 2 ; in p
U
AB
= 12 V. hy tnh cng dng in chy qua cc in
tr.
n v tnh: cng dng in (A)
Bi 7. Mch in t trong t trng u cm ng t vung
gc vi mt phng mch in c ln B = 1,5 T. CD v EF l
hai dy dn thng di song song v cch nhau mt khong
l = 50 cm, in tr ca chng khng ng k, mt u c
ni vo ngun in c sut in ng E
1
= 2,5 V, in tr trong
r
1
= 0,5 , u cn li c ni vo in tr R = 1,5 (hnh
v). Thanh kim loi MN c in tr r
2
= 1,2 trt dc theo
hai dy dn CD v EF vi tc khng i v = 2 m/s v lun
tip xc vi hai dy dn. Hy xc nh cng dng in
chy qua ngun in, thanh MN v in tr R.
n v tnh: cng dng in (A).
Bi 8. Dng in tr R = 30 , t in c in dung C = 200
F v cun dy c h s t cm L, in tr trong r, ghp ni
tip nhau theo th t R, C, L vo mng in xoay chiu c in
p u=U
0
cos100t (V). Khi cng dng in trong
mch c biu thc
,
_

+
12
100 cos 2

t i
(A) v u
RC
vung pha
so vi in p u
d
gia hai u cun dy. Hy xc nh L, r.
n v tnh: t cm (H), in tr ()
Bi 9. Chiu ln lt hai bc x in t c bc sng
1
v
2
vo mt tm kim loi c gii hn quang in l

0
, ngi ta xc nh c tc ban u cc i ca quang lectron ln lt l v
01max
= 7,31.10
5
m/s
v v
02max
= 4,83.10
5
m/s. Bit
1
= 0,8
2
. Xc nh cc bc sng
1
,
2
v
0.
n v tnh: bc sng (nm)
Bi 10. Ht nhn Po
210
84
phng x v bin i thnh ht nhn ch Pb
206
82
bn c chu k bn r T = 138
ngy. Ban u mu Poloni Po
210
84
nguyn cht c khi lng l m
0
= 1 g. Hy tnh th tch kh hli ( iu kin
tiu chun) c to ra sau 365 ngy.
n v tnh: th tch (cm
3
)
------------------------- Ht ------------------------
Ghi ch: Cn b coi thi
thi chn hc sinh gii my tnh casio nm 2008-2009
mn vt l: thi gian lm bi 150 pht.
Cu 1. Mt vt chuyn ng thng bin i u theo phng trnh
2
. . 2 3 t g t x + +
.Tnh t lc t=0. Hy xc nh: ( x o bng mt; t o bng giy; g=9,79985m/s
2
).
a. Thi gian cn vt i c qung ng 5m.
b. Qung ng vt i c sau 1pht 5giy.
Cu 2. Mt cun dy c in tr R=10, mc vo in p xoay chiu
) )( 100 ( 5 V t Cos u
; cng hiu dng chy qua mch l I=0,25(A).
a. Tnh tng tr ca on mch v t cm ca cun dy.
b. Tnh cng sut tiu th trn cun dy.
91
R
1
R
R
4
R
3
R
5
A B
v

M
N
C D
E F
E
1
, r
1
R
S gio dc v
o to
thanh ha
A
Cu 3. Ti O c mt ngun pht m, v ti im A cch O on OA=l=1m c mc cng
m l L
A
=69 dB. Bit I
0
=10
-12
W/m
2
.
a. Xc nh cng m ti A.
b. Vi B l trung im ca OA, xc nh mc cng m ti B.
Cu 4. Mt con lc n dao ng vi bin gc
0
0
10 , chiu di l=2m v vt c
khi lng m=10kg. Xc nh c nng ca con lc v vn tc ca n khi qua v tr thp
nht.Cho g=9,81635m/s
2
.
Cu 5. Cho mt ng c in xoay chiu c in tr dy qun R=32 mc vo
in p hiu dng U=200V th ng c sn ra mt cng sut P=43W. H s cng
sut ca ng c l 0,9. Xc nh cng dng in chy qua ng c.
Cu 6. Mch thu sng ca mt mch dao ng c f
1
= 9,52MHz. Hi t in ca mch
thu sng phi c in dung bin i nh th no bt c sng c m 5 , 55
2
. Cho
c=3.10
8
m/s.
Cu 7. Cho thu knh c D=5diop (khi t trong khng kh), thu knh c lm bng
thy tinh chit sut n=1,55, chit sut khng kh n
0
= 1. Hi khi t thu knh trong n-
c c chit sut 4/3 th tiu c ca thu knh l bao nhiu.
Cu 8. Mt con lc n c dy treo lm bng kim loi mnh, vt c khi lng ring l
D
0
=8g/cm
3
dao ng trong mt bnh chn khng vi chu k dao ng nh T
1
= 1,5(s).
Cho mt kh khc vo bnh th n dao ng vi chu k T
2
=1,5005(s). Hi khi lng ring
ca cht kh a vo bnh.
Cu 9. cng mt ni trn Tri t, mt con lc n c chiu di l
1
dao ng vi chu
k T
1
=2,5(s) nhit t
1
=20
0
C . Khi nhit t
2
=33,5
0
C th chu k dao ng ca
con lc l bao nhiu. Cho h s n di ca vt liu lm dy treo l . 10 . 85 , 1
5

-1
.
Cu 10. Cho mt cn phng hnh hp ch nht c cc kch thc ( 7,8m. 5,0m. 5,4m ).
Khi nhit t
1
=0
0
C phng c p sut p
1
=760mmHg. Sau mt thi gian phng c nhit
t
2
=13,5
0
C v p sut l p
2
=780mmHg. Bit ( 0
0
C v p sut p
1
=760mmHg) khi lng
ring ca khng kh l D=1,293kg/m
3
. tnh khi lng khng kh ra khi phng.
S GD&T THANH HA
TRNG THPT BM SN
K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 THPT GII TON
VT L BNG MY TNH CASIO NM HC 2009 2010
(Thi gian lm bi:150 pht)
Bi 1: Mt bnh cha kh c th tch 10 lt 27
0
C. Tnh khi lng kh thot ra v khi lng kh cn li nu p
sut gi nguyn P
o
v tng nhit ln 37
0
C. Bit khi lng ring ca kh iu kin tiu chun l
3
0
1, 2 / kg m
Bi 2: Mt bnh hnh tr chiu cao 2h = 40cm c phn chia thnh hai phn bi mt
vch ngn mng. Phn trn ca bnh cha nc vi khi lng ring
3 3
10 / kg m v
phn di ca bnh cha khng kh p sut kh quyn
0
1 p at
. Trn vch ngn c mt
l h b nc c th chy vo phn di ca bnh. Lp nc phn di ca bnh s c
b dy bao nhiu?. Nhit
coi nh khng i.
Bi 3: Cc in t coi l rt
nh, bay vo mt t in
phng c di L = 10cm
di mt gc
0
10 n mt
phng ca tm bn v bay ra
di gc
1rad
(Hnh 2).
Tnh ng nng ban u ca
cc in t bit cng
in trng E = 10V/cm.
Bi 4: Mt con lc n gm
mt qu cu nh c khi
lng m = 6g, ng knh d
= 1cm v mt si dy nh c
chiu di l = 1m. Cho con lc ln lt dao ng trong chn khng v khng kh. Tnh sai lch ca chu k khi
92
2h

L
Hnh 2
xt n tc dng ca lc nng Archimede ca khng kh. Cho bit khi lng ring ca khng kh l 1,2g/dm
3
,
gia tc ri t do ti ni dao ng: g = 9,8 m/s
2
.
Bi 5: Mt con lc l xo c t
trn mt phng nghing nh hnh
v 3. Cho bit m = 100g cng
l xo K = 10N/m, gc nghing
0
60 . a vt ra khi v tr
cn bng 5cm ri bung nh. Do c ma st nn sau 10 dao ng vt ngng li. Tnh h s ma st

gia vt v
mt phng nghing.
Bi 6: Mt lng knh c tit din thng l mt tam gic u c t trong khng kh. Chiu mt chm tia ti
n sc hp, song song l l trn m bn t y lng knh khi tia l mt bn kia c gc l l
0 ''
21 24
. Tnh
chit sut ca lng knh.
Bi 7: Dng
dng dc c
hai vnh vi
bn knh
2 1
2 R R

ko mt bao
xi mng
nng m = 50
kg t mt
t ln cao
10m nhanh
dn u
trong 2s. B qua mi ma st, dy khng dn v khi lng khng ng k. Coi dng dc l mt vnh trn c
khi lng M = 2kg. Ly g = 9,8 m/s
2
. Tnh lc ko F.
Bi 8: Mch dao ng L = 12mH, C = 1,6
F
c thnh phn in tr R s tt dn theo quy lut
2
0
( os t+ )
Rt
L
q Q e c

trong
( )
2
2
0
/ 2 R L vi
0

l tn s gc khi mch dao ng khng tt dn.

a. Nu R = 1,5 th sau bao lu bin dao ng ch cn li mt na?
b. Tm R nng lng gim 1% sau mi chu k.
Bi 9. Cho mch in c s nh hnh v 5:
150cos100
AB
u t
(V)
a. Khi kha K ng:
AM MB
U =35V, U =85V
. Cng sut trn on
mch MB l 40W. Tnh R
0
, R v L
b. Khi kha K m iu chnh C U
C
cc i. Tnh gi tr cc i
v s ch Vn k lc ny
Bi 10: Cho mch in xoay (hnh 6) chiu tn s 50 Hz. R=50,
C =
1
m
2
F

, R
L
= 0.
a. Vi gi tr no ca L th dng in mch chnh i nhanh pha so hiu in th u
AB?.
b. Vi gi tr no ca L th dng in mch chnh c g tr khng ph thuc vo R?.
HNG DN CHM
K THI CHN HC SINH GII LP 12 THPT GII TON VT L BNG MY
TNH CASIO NM HC 2009 2010
93
R
1
R
2
F
r
K

m
Hnh 3
C
R
A
B
L
D
Hnh 6
C
K
V
R
0
, L
R
A B
~
M
Hnh 5
- 2,16
BI P N IM
Bi 1
(1,5)
C1. Gi s c lng kh ni trn bin i ng p t
0
1
27 t C n
0
2
37 t C
th
1 2 2 2 2 1
1 2 1 1 1 1
V V V T T T V
T T V T V T


.
Khi lng kh thot ra:
2 1
2 2 1
1
T T
m V V
T



(1)
Mt khc c
0 2 2 2
2 0
0 2 0 0
V T T
V T T

(2)
T (1) v (2) c
2 2 1
0 1
0 1
T T T
m V
T T

0,413g
- Khi lng kh cn li l
2
2 1 0 1
0
T
m V V
T

12,4g
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,5
0,25
C2: Gi
1 2
, m m
l khi lng kh lc u v lc sau
p dng pt Cla-p- rn c:
1
1
1 2 2 1
2 2 1 2 1
2
m
PV RT
m T T T m
m m T m T
PV RT

Khi lng kh thot ra l
2 1
2
1
T T
m m
T

Mt khc
2 2
m V
m
0 2 2 2
2 0
0 2 0 0
V T T
V T T

Do
2
2 0
0
12,4g
T
m V
T

v
0, 413 m g
0,5
0,5
0,5
Bi 2:
(1,5)
Gi x l b dy lp nc di
Khi cn bng th p sut thy tnh ming trn ca l = p sut kh
phn di
p dng nh lut Boil - Mariot:
0
( ) p hS p h x S

vi
0
( ) p p g h x +
T c:
2 2
0
(2 ) 0 gx gh p x gh + +
Gii phng trnh ta tm c
nghim ph hp:
0
0
4
1 1
2
p gh
x h
g p

_
+ +


,
19,
1986
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,5
Bi 3:
(2)

0
0
tan , tan
y y
x x
v v
v v


vi 0
0
eE
m
y y
x
L
v v
v
+
;
0x x
v v
Do ta c
2
0 2
0
eEL eEL
tan tan
(tan tan )
x
x
v
mv m

ng nng ban u:
0,5
0,5
0,5
94

L
- 2,16
Thi Th HSG Tnh Nm Hc 2008-2009
Mn: Casi- Vt L
Cu 1: Con lc l xo treo thng ng gm vt c khi lng m = 1 kg v l xo c
cng k = 100 N/m. Dng mt tm vn nng vt ti v tr l xo trng thi t nhin. Sau
cho tm vn chuyn ng thng nhanh dn u xung di vi gia tc a = 4 m/s
2
.
Chn trc to Ox c O trng vi v tr cn bng, chiu dng hng xung, gc thi
gian lc vt bt u dao ng iu ho. Ly g = 10 m/s
2
. Vit phng trnh dao
ng ca vt. Xc nh V tr ca vt lc 5s tnh t lc chn t
0
= 0.
Cu 2: Mt ngi v gi c kh nng nhn xa v cc. Khi ngi iu tit cc i th
t tng thm 2 dp. ngi c c sch cch mt 25 cm th phi eo st mt
mt knh c t bao nhiu?
Cu 3: Th nghim vi t bo quang in ta thu c
ng c trng Vn Ampe nh hnh v. Bit bc
sng nh sng lm th nghim l = 0,2 m, cng
sut ngun sng P = 1,25W. Xc nh: gii hn
quang in ca kim loi lm Catt v hiu sut lng
t ca t bo quang in.
Cu 4: Cho mch in nh hnh v(Hnh 1).
U
1
= 2 V ; U
2
= 1V; R
1
=R
2
=1.R l in tr.
B qua in tr dy ni.
1-Cho R = 0,5 .Tnh dng in qua R
1
, R
2
,R.
2- Tnh R dng qua R
2
bng khng.
3- Tnh R, chiu dng in qua R
2
c chiu
ngc li so vi chiu dng in qua R
2
cu 1
Cu 5: Xc nh quy lut chuyn ng ca khi tm mt bnh xe p khi leo dc.
Bit rng mt dc to

vi mt phng nm ngang. Lc ko
F

t vo trc bnh xe
l khng i v // vi mp nghing, ko vt ln ln. Bnh xe l vng trn ng nht c
trng lng P. Bnh xe ln khng trt t ngh, B qua ma st ln.
Cu 6: H dao ng gm gm 2 vt c khi lng
m
1
v m
2
gn vo mt l xo c cng k( hnh bn).
Nn l xo bng dy mnh ni hai vt. t dy nn l
xo. B qua ma st. Chng t mi vt dao ng iu ho.
95
I (mA)
U
AK
(V)
0,6
- 2,16
m
1
m
2
k
S gio dc v o to Thanh Ho
Tr ng THPT L ng c Bng.
Xc nh chu k dao ng ca mi vt.
Cu 7: Cho mch in nh hnh v. Hai cun dy
thun cm
ging ht nhau v hai t in cng ging ht nhau.
t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay
chiu.
Bit: Khi kho K t cht 1 th biu thc dng
in
qua R l i = 4
2
sin(100t -
4
p
) A. Khi kho K t cht 2 th biu thc dng in
qua R l i = 4
2
sin(100t +
7
4
p
) A. t kho K ti cht 3.
a. Vit biu thc dng in trong mch.
b. Tnh in lng chuyn qua kho K trong 1/4 chu k k t khi dng in b
trit tiu.
Yu Cu: - Th Sinh c s dng my tnh Casi fx570Ms Tr xung
- Khi ra biu thc ca bi yu cu: Hy nu quy trnh nhp biu thc sau
mi p dng s.
- Hy Tnh chnh xc n 5 ch s thp phn.
THI HC SINH GII MY TNH CM TAY
VNG TRNG
MN: VT L 12
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht ( khng k thi gian giao )
Qui nh:
Cc kt qu tnh chnh xc ti 4 ch s phn thp phn sau du phy theo qui tc lm trn s ca n v
tnh qui nh trong bi ton
Cc thng s vt l ly t my tnh. Th sinh cn ghi r loi my tnh mnh s dng.
Bi 1 :
Khi t ang chy vi vn tc 12 m/s trn mt on ng thng th ngi li xe tng ga cho t chy
nhanh dn u. Sau 15s, t t vn tc 15m/s.
a, Tnh gia tc ca t
b, Tnh qung ng t i c sau 30 s k t lc bt u tng ga
( a tnh theo n v m/s
2
; s tnh theo n v m)
Bi 2:
cho h c hc nh hnh v. Vt m = 2kg, dy khng gin. Tm p lc, lc cng ca
si dy. Cho h s ma st gia vt v mt phng nghing l khng ng k v gia
tc trng trng g = 9,8167m/s
2
, gc nghing = 30
0
.
( Lc tnh theo n v N)
Bi 3:
Cho gia tc ri t do trn mt t l g = 9,8116m/s
2
. Tm cao ca vt c gia tc ri l 8,9457m/s
2
. Bit
bn knh Tri t R = 6400km.
( h tnh theo n v km)
Bi 4:
Cho mch in nh hnh v. Hai pin ging nhau mi pin c sut in
ng = 3V, in tr trong r = 0,5 .R
1
= 4, R
2
= 8, R
3
= 2.
Ampe k c in tr R
A
nh khng ng k v ch 1,2A. Tnh.
a. Hiu in th U
AB
v cng dng in I
12
, I
34
.
b. in tr R
4
v U
CD
( I tnh theo n v A; R tnh theo n v ; U tnh theo n v V)
Bi 5 :
Ti 3 nh ca 1 hnh vung cnh a = 40cm. Ngi ta t 3 in tch
imdng bng nhau. q
1
=q
2
=q
3
=5,415.10
-9
C trong khng kh. Vc t cng in trng ti nh
th 4 ca hnh vung c ln bng bao nhiu?
96
R
I
r
I
r
L
I
r
AD
U
r
O
1

O
M
H
P
AB
U
r N
I
r
AD
U
r
1

C
U
r
R
L
C
L C
K
1
2
3
m
A
B
C
R
4
R
3
R
1
R
2
,r
D
,r
A
I
34
I
12
I
( E tnh theo n v V/m)
Bi 6:
Cho mch in nh hnh v:
E
1
= 2V, r
1
=0,1, E
2
=
1,5V, r
2
= 0,1, R = 0,2.
R
v
rt ln.
a/ Tm s ch ca Vn k.
b/ Tnh cng dng
in qua cc ngun.
( I tnh theo n v A; U tnh
theo n v V)
Bi 7:
Hai dao ng iu ho cng
phng cng tn s c phng
trnh dao ng ln lt l
1
4,124 os(50 ) x c t cm
;
2
3 os(50 )
2
x c t cm

. Hy vit phng trnh dao ng tng hp
ca vt.
( x tnh theo n v cm; tnh theo n v rad)
Bi 8:
Mt on mch xoay chiu gm cun dy c t cm L, in tr thun r v t in c in dung C mc
ni tip. Cho dng in xoay chu i=2
2
cos100 t (A) chy qua th ht hai u on mch l 12
2
V,
hai u cun dy l 20V v gia hai bn t l 28V. Tnh : L,r v C
(r tnh theo n v ; L tnh theo n v mH; C tnh theo n v F)
Bi 9:
Dy AB di 1,80m cng ngang, u B c nh, u A gn vo mt bn rung tn s 30 Hz. Khi bn rung
hot ng, trn dy c sng dng gm 7 bng sng, vi A l mt nt. Bc sng v vn tc truyn sng
trndy bng bao nhiu
( tnh theo n v m; v tnh theo n v m/s)
Bi 10:
Ti mt ni c hai con lc n ang dao ng vi cc bin nh. Trong cng mt khong thi gian, ngi
ta thy con lc th nht thc hin c 4 dao ng, con lc th hai thc hin c 5 dao ng. Tng chiu
di ca hai con lc l 164cm. Hy tm chiu di ca mi con lc.
( l tnh theo n v cm)
----------------------------HT--------------------------------
S GD & T IN BIN
TRNG THPT PHAN NH GIT
P N + THANG IM
THI HC SINH GII MY TNH CM TAY
VNG TRNG
MN: VT L 12
Thi gian lm bi: 180 pht ( khng k thi gian giao )
Th t Ni dung p s im
Bi 1 + Chn:
- Gc ta : lc bt u tng tc
- Chiu dng: l chiu chuyn ng
- Gc thi gian: lc xe tng tc
a, Gia tc ca t l:
+ a =
0
0
t t
v v

=
15 12
15

c, Qung ng t i c sau 30 s l:
a = 0,2000 m/s
2
1
97
E
1
E
2


R
A B
+ S = v
0
t + 1/2 at
2
= 12.30 + 0,5.0,2.30
2
s = 585,0000 m 1
Bi 2 + Khi vt ng cn bng ta c:
T = Psin = mg sin = 2.9,8176. sin 30
0

N = mgcos = 2.9,8176. cos 30
0
T= 9,8176 N
N = 17,0046 N
1
1
Bi 3
+ mt t: g =
2
. G M
R
+ cao h : g

=
2
.
( )
G M
R h +
+ Lp t s:
' 2
2
( )
g R
g R h

+
=> h =
,
.
g
R
g
- R
h = 302,5911 km
2
Bi 4
a, + U
AB
=U
12
= U
34
= U
N
= 2 -I.2r
+ I
12
=
12
1 2
U
R R +
+ I
34
= I I
12
b,
+ R
4
=
34
34
U
I
R
3

+ U
CD
= U
CA
+U
AD
= - I
34
.R
3
+ - I.r
U
AB
=4,8000 V

I
12
= 0,4000 A
I
34
= 0,8000 A
R
4
= 4, 0000
U
CD
= 0,8000 V
0,5
0,25
0,25
0,5
0,5
Bi 5 + Gi s ba in tch ln lt t ti ba nhA,B,C ca hnh
vung ABCD
+ E
1
= E
3
=
0
1
4
.
2
q
a
=> E
13
= E
1 2
+ E
2
=
0
1
4
.
2 2
0
1
.
4 2 ( 2)
q q
a a

=
1
2
E
1
Ta c : E
D
= E
2
+ E
13
=
1
2
E
1
+ E
1 2
=> E
D
= (
1
2
+
2
)
0
1
4
.
2
q
a
E
D
= 582,2510(V/m)
2
Bi 6 + Gi dng in qua cc ngun v qua R ln lt l I
1
,I
2
; I ta c
U
AB
= E
1
I
1
.r
1
(1)
U
AB
= E
2
I
2
.r
2
(2)
U
AB
=I.R (3)
I
1
+ I
2
= I (4)
Ta c h 4 phng trnh:
U
AB
+ 0,1I
1
+ 0.I
2
+ 0.I = 2
U
AB
+ 0I
1
+ 0,1.I
2
+ 0.I = 1,5
U
AB
+ 0I
1
+ 0.I
2
+ 0,2.I = 0
0.U
AB
+ I
1
+ I
2
- I = 0
Gii h 4 phng trnh
U
AB
= U
V
=1,4000 V
I
1
= 6,0000 A
I
2
= 1,0000 A
2
Bi 7 + V hai dao ng vung pha ta c
+ A =
2 2
1 2
A A +
A = 4,4730 cm
98
+ tan =
2
A
A
=>
= 0,3694 rad
=>
x = 4,4730cos (50t
+ 0,3694) cm
2
Bi 8
+ Z
C
=
C
U
I
=14
+ Z
2
=
2
2
U
I
= 72
Z
d
2
=
2
2
d
U
I
= 100
=> C =
1
.
C
Z
=
1
100 .14
+ Z
2
=
2 2
( 14)
L
r Z + = 72 (1)
Z
d
2
=
2 2
L
r Z + =100 (2)
Ly (2) tr ( 1)
Z
L
= (100 72 + 14
2
)/28 = 8
+ L = Z
L
/
+ r =
2
100
L
Z
+ C = 227,3642 F
+ L = 25,4648 mH
+ r = 6,0000
2
Bi 9
+ l = k
2

=> =
2l
k
=
2.1,80
7
+ v =.f = 0,5143. 30
+ = 0,5143 m
+ v =48,4716 m/s
2
Bi 10
+ T
1
= 2
1
l
g
=
4
t
+ T
2
= 2
2
l
g
=
5
t
=> l
1
=
25
16
l
2
(1)
+ l
1
+ l
2
= 164 (2)
+ gii (1) v (2) tnh c l
1
v l
2
+ l
1
= 100,0000 cm
+ l
2
= 64,0000 cm
2
Ghi ch: Nu hc sinh lm theo cch khc ng vn cho im ti a
S GD&T THI NGUYN
K THI CHN HC SINH GII MTCT 12
Mn Vt L 2010 - 2011
+ HNG DN CHM (Gm 04 trang)
- Mi bi ton c chm theo thang im 5.
- Phn cch gii: 2,5 im, kt qu chnh xc ti 4 ch s thp phn: 2,5 im.
- Nu phn cch gii sai hoc thiu m vn c kt qu ng th khng c im.
- Nu th sinh lm ng 1 phn vn cho im.
- im ca bi thi l tng im ca 10 bi ton.
99
Bi 1:
Mt xe chuyn ng thng nhanh dn u i c nhng on ng s
1
=30m v s
2
=40m
trong khong thi gian lin tip bng nhau l 3s. Tm gia tc v tc ban u ca xe ?
n v tnh: Gia tc(m/s
2
); tc (m/s).
Cch gii Kt qu
p dng cng thc:
2
0
a.t
s v .t
2
+
Trong t
1
=3s c s
1
=35m
Trong t
2
=3s c s
2
=40m
ta c h phng trnh: 3v
0
+4,5a = 30
3v
0
+13,5a = 40
Gii h
a=1,1111m/s
2

v
0
=8,3333m/s
Bi 2:
T mt im A cch mt t 20m ngi ta nm thng ng ln trn mt vin bi vi tc
ban u 10m/s. B qua sc cn ca khng kh. Ly g = 9,8143m/s
2
.
c. Tnh thi gian vin bi ln n nh cao nht, vin bi tr li A, vin bi ri xung n mt t?
d. Tnh tc ca vin bi khi bt u chm mt t ?
n v tnh: Thi gian(s); tc (m/s).
Cch gii Kt qu
a. Chn gc O ti A, chiu dng ln trn
Phng trnh to ca vin bi :
2
0 0
g.t
y y v t
2
+
Vn tc v=-gt+10
Khi ln v tr cao nht v = 0 =>
g
10
t
1

Khi tr li A: t
2
= 2t
1
.
Khi n mt t y = 0 => t
3
.
b. Thay vo cng thc vn tc, khi chm t t
3
= 3,2805 s
a.
t
1
=1,0190s
thi gian li A
t
2
= 2,0380s
thi gian chm t
t
3
= 3,2805s
b. v=-22,19289m/s
Bi 3:
Mt xe p ang chuyn ng thng u vi tc 2m/s th xung dc chuyn ng nhanh
dn u vi gia tc 0,2m/s
2
. Cng lc mt t ang chy vi tc 20m/s bt u ln dc
chuyn ng chm dn u vi gia tc 0,4m/s
2
, cho n khi ht chuyn ng chm dn u th
dng li. Chiu di ca dc l 570m.
d. Xc nh v tr hai xe gp nhau ?
e. Qung ng xe p i c t khi xung dc cho n khi gp t ?
f. Xc nh v tr ca hai xe khi chng cch nhau 170m ?
n v tnh: Ta (m).
Cch gii Kt qu
a. Chn gc to nh dc
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca xe p l:
2
1
x 2t 0,1t +
Phng trnh chuyn ng ca t l: x
2
= 570- 20t + 0,2t
2
.
Hai xe gp nhau x
1
=x
2
; t li khi t = 50s => t 50s.
b. Qung ng i ca xe p n khi gp nhau
c.
170 x x
1 2

=> x
2
- x
1
= 170 =>

'

m 6434 , 254 x s 4435 , 41 t
m 80 x s 20 t
1
1
.
a.t = 30s; x
1
= 150m
t = 190s ( loi )
b. s
1
= x
1
= 150m
c. x
1
= 80m
x
1
= 254,6436m
100
Bi 4:
L xo nh c cng k = 40N/m mang a A c khi lng M = 60g. Th vt khi lng m =
100g ri t do t cao h = 10cm so vi a. Khi ri chm vo a, m s gn cht vo a v
cng a dao ng iu ha theo phng thng ng. Ly g = 10m/s
2
. Tnh bin dao ng
ca h.
n v tnh: Bin (m).
Cch gii Kt qu
Vn tc ca m ngay trc khi chm a: v = gh 2 .
Khi m va chm mm vi M, vn tc ca h (m+M) ngay sau va chm l:
v
0
=
M m
gh 2 m
M m
mv
+

+

Ti VT va chm l xo b nn:
k
Mg
l
1

Ti VT cn bng O l xo b nn: g
k
M m
l
2
+

Ta ca VT va chm:
0
mg
x 2, 5cm
k

Bin :
2
2
0 2
0
2
v
x A

+
A = 2,5517cm
Bi 5:
Khi treo vt khi lng m
1
= 100g vo mt l xo th l xo c chiu di l
1
= 31,5 cm. Treo vt
khi lng m
2
= 300g vo l xo ni trn th l xo c chiu di l
2
= 34,3 cm. Hy xc nh chiu
di t nhin l
0
v cng k ca l xo. Ly g = 9,8143m/s
2
.
n v tnh: cng(N/m); chiu di(m).
Cch gii Kt qu
Gi chiu di t nhin v cng ca l xo ln lt l l
0
v k, treo ln lt
hai vt m
1
v m
2
vo l xo ta c h phng trnh sau:
{
1 1 0
2 2 0
m g = k(l - l )
m g = k(l - l )

{
0
0
0,1g = k(0, 315 - l )
0, 3g = k(0, 343 - l )
l
0
= 0,3010 (m)
k = 70,1021 (N/m)
Bi 6:
Coi rng con lc ng h l mt con lc n, thanh treo lm bng vt liu c h s n di l
= 3.10
-5
K
-1
v ng h chy ng 30
0
C. ng h vo phng lnh -5
0
C. Hi mt tun l
sau ng h chy nhanh hay chm bao nhiu?
n v tnh: Thi gian(s).
Cch gii Kt qu
Chiu di ca thanh nhit t
1
= 30
0
C l l
1
, chiu di ca thanh nhit
t
2
= - 5
0
C l l
2
c l
2
= l
1
[1 + (t
2
- t
1
)].
Chu k ca ng h nhit t
1
l T
1
=
1
l
2
g
, nhit t
2
l T
2
=
2
l
2
g
,
ta thy t
2
< t
1
nn l
2
< l
1
suy ra T
2
< T
1
ng h chy nhanh. Sau mt tun l
ng h chy nhanh mt lng l:
t = 7.24.3600.(
1
2
T
T
-1) =
2 1
1
7.24.3600. -1
1+(t - t )
_


,
= 317,7703s.
t = 317,7703s.
Bi 7:
101
Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= 5.10
-6
C c t c nh ti hai nh B, C ca mt tam gic u ABC
cnh a = 8 cm. Cc in tch t trong khng kh c hng s in mi = 1,0006. Xc nh
cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ni trn. (cho k = 9.10
9
Nm
2
/C
2
).
n v tnh: Cng in trng(V/m).
Cch gii Kt qu
- Cng in trng do q
1
(ti B) gy ra ti A l:
E
1
=
1
2
0
q 1
4 a
, hng t B n A.
- Cng in trng do q
2
(ti C) gy ra ti A l:
E
2
=
2
2
0
q 1
4 a
, hng t C n A.
- Cng in trng do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti A l
2
1
E E E + .
Do q
1
= q
2
nn E
1
= E
2
suy ra E = 2E
1
.cos30
0
= 60,8559 V/m.
E = 1,2171.10
7
N/m.
c hng vung gc BC ra
xa A.
Bi 8:
Mt ngi cn th c im cc cn cch mt 14cm, im cc vin cch mt 50cm. nhn
thy vt xa v cng m mt khng phi iu tit ngi phi eo knh loi g, c t bao
nhiu? Sau khi eo knh trn ngi c th nhn thy vt t cch mt gn nht bao nhiu?
Coi knh t st mt.
n v: Khong cch (cm); t (ip).
Cch gii Kt qu
f = -OC
v
= - 50cm => D = -2dp.
C
c
: d' = -14cm cm 4444 , 19
f ' d
f ' d
d

= OC
c
'
D = 2,0000dp
OC
c
' = 19,4444cm
Bi 9:
Mt vt tham gia ng thi 2 dao ng
1 1
x A cos( t )
3

v
2
x 4cos( t )
3

+
cm, vi
20 rad/s. Bit tc cc i ca vt l 140cm/s . Tnh bin
1
A
ca dao ng th nht.
n v tnh: Bin (cm)
Cch gii Kt qu
cm 7
v
A
max

2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1
2
A A A 2A A cos A 8, 2763cm
3

+ +
A
1
= 8,2763cm
Bi 10:
Cho mt vt dao ng iu ho. T thi im t = 0 n thi im t=1/60 giy vt i t v tr
c to
A 3
x
2
cm n v tr c to x = 0 cm theo chiu dng. Khi i qua v tr c ta
2cm vt c tc 40 3 (cm/s). Lp phng trnh dao ng ca vt.
n v tnh: Li (cm); thi gian(s); tn s gc(rad/s);
Cch gii Kt qu
6
5

;
20 s 1 , 0 T
60
1
6
T
cm 4 A
v
x A
2
2
2 2

+
. cm )
6
5
t 20 cos( 4 x


102
x
0
K THI CHN HC SINH GII MTCT
LP 12 - MN: VT L
(Gm 04 trang)
Bi 1: (C hc)
T cao h = 12m so vi mt t, mt vt nh c nm ln vi vn tc ban u v
0
= 15m/s. Vc t vn
tc v
0
hp vi phng ngang mt gc

= 60
0
. Ly g=9,81m/s
2
. Ti v tr cch mt t 5m vc t vn tc ca
vt hp vi phng thng ng mt gc bao nhiu? B qua sc cn ca khng kh.
Bi 2: (C hc)
Mt l xo nh c cng k, u trn c nh, u di gn vi vt nh khi lng m = 100g. Ly g =
9,8m/s
2
, ko vt xung di theo phng thng ng n v tr l xo dn l 5cm ri th nh. Vt dao ng
iu ha theo phng thng ng vi c nng ton phn W = 0,8.10
-3
J. Xc nh cng k ca l xo.
Bi 3: (C hc)
Mt ng h m qu lc c coi l con lc n chy ng khi n mt t (c cao h
0
= 0). Khi a
ng h ln cao h = 10km th sau 1 ngy m, ng h chy nhanh hay chm bao nhiu giy? Cho bn
knh tri t R

6380km. Coi nht khng i.

Bi 4: (Nhit hc)
Mt bnh thp cha kh hyr p sut p
1
= 12at, nhit t
1
= 28
0
C. Ngi ta x mt phn ba lng kh ra
khi bnh, ng thi nhit ca kh trong bnh gim xung cn t
2
=22
0
C. Tnh p sut p
2
ca kh trong bnh khi
.

Bi 5: (in hc)
Mch in nh hnh v. Cho R
1
= 8, R
2
= 5, U
AB
= 12V. Mc vn k vo A, C n ch 7V. Hi khi mc
vn k vo C, B n ch bao nhiu?
Bi 6: (in hc)
Cho mch RLC ni tip. Cun dy thun cm c L = 140mH. Hiu in th hai u on mch u = 220
2sin(100 t) (V). T in c in dung C = 100 F . Tnh R bit cng sut tiu th ca mch l 60W.
Bi 7: (in hc)
Cho mch dao ng LC l tng. Dng in tc thi trong mch c biu thc
i = 0,05.sin(5000t) (A). T in c C = 150nF. Tnh hiu in th tc thi gia hai bn t ti thi im dng
in tc thi trong mch c gi tr bng mt phn ba I
0
.
Bi 8: (Quang hc)
Mt vt sng AB t trc gng cu c nh tht A' B' 3AB . Xc nh v tr ca vt bit bn knh ca
gng l 40cm.
Bi 9: (Quang hc)
Mt thu knh c mt mt li v mt mt lm. Bn knh mt ny gp hai ln bn knh mt kia. Chit sut
ca thy tinh lm thu knh n = 1,5. Vt sng AB qua thu knh c nh o
1
A' B' AB
3
. Khong cch t AB
n thu knh l 10cm. Tnh bn knh ca hai mt cong. (Vt v knh u t trong khng kh).
Bi 10: (Quang hc)
Mt ngi mt tt quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp m trn vnh knh c ghi x8. Mt cch knh 10cm.
Tnh bi gic khi ngi quan st iu chnh nh ca vt cch mt 50cm.
103
A
B
C
R
1
R
2
S phch:..
(Do trng ban chm thi ghi)
=== Ht ===
Ch : Gim th khng gii thch g thm.
Th sinh khng c s dng bt c ti liu no!
K thi HC SINH GII GII TON TRN MY TNH CM TAY
lp 12 MN VT L
P N V BIU IM (gm 3 trang)
Bi 1:
Cch gii Kt qu
Chn gc th nng trng trng ti v tr cch mt t 5m
LBT c nng:
2 2
2
0
0
mv mv
mgh v v 2gh
2 2
+ +
v ;
19,5438m/s
Ti gc th nng v hp vi phng thng ng gc vi
x 0
v v .cos
sin
v v


; 22
0
3359
Bi 2:
Cch gii Kt qu
Ti v tr cn bng l xo dn mt on:
0
mg
l
k
(1)
Do th nh nn v tr l xo dn l l v tr bin:
0
l l A + (2)
C nng ton phn:
2
1 2W
W kA A
2 k

(3)
Thay (1) v (3) vo (2) c:
mg 2W
l
k k
+
(4)
Gii (4) c gi tr ca k k
;
23,4736N/m
Bi 3:
Cch gii Kt qu
Chu k dao ng ng khi ng h mt t:
l
T 2
g

Khi a ln cao h:
h
h
l
T 2
g

M
2
h
R
g g
R h
_

+
,
=> h tng th g
h
gim => T
h
tng => ng h chy
chm li
Khong thi gian ng h chy sai:
0
h
T
t 1 .t
T
_


,
vi t
0
= 24h
ng h chy
chm li
Thay T v T
h
vo c:
0
h.t
t
R h

+
t ; 135,2113 s
Bi 4:
Cch gii Kt qu
104
Xt
2
3
lng kh H
2
ban u chim th tch
1 0
2
V V
3
vi V
0
l th tch ca
bnh. Sau khi x n c th tch V
2
= V
0
.
p dng phng trnh trng thi:
1 1 2 2 1 1 2
2
1 2 1 2
p V p V p VT
p
T T TV

2
p ; 7,8405 at
Bi 5:
Cch gii Kt qu
Khi vn k mc vo A,C:
CB AC
1
2 1
U U
I ; I
R R


I = 1A, I
1
=
7
A
8
in tr ca vn k:
AC AC
V
V 1
U U
R
I I I

V
R 56
Khi mc vn k vo C, B:
2 V AB
CB
2 V 1 CB
R .R U
R' ; I'
R R R R'

+ +
CB
R' ; 4,5902
I
;
0,9531A
Vn k ch:
CB CB
U' I'.R'
CB
U' ; 4,3749 V
Bi 6:
Cch gii Kt qu
Cm khng v dung khng:
L C
1
Z .L; Z
C

Z
L
;
125,6
Z
C
;
31,8471
Cng sut tiu th:
2
2
2
2 2
L C
U U .R
P I .R R
Z R (Z Z )
_


+
,
2
2 2
L C
U
R R (Z Z ) 0
P
+
; Gii pt bc 2
1
R 795, 6192 ;
2
R 11, 0475 ;
Bi 7:
Cch gii Kt qu
Nng lng ton phn ca mch:
2 2
d t
Cu Li
W W W
2 2
+ +
(1)
M W = W
dmax
=
2
0
LI
2
(2) ;
2
1 1
L
C LC

(3)
T (1), (2) v (3) c: u =
( )
2
2 2 2
0 0
0 0
L 1 I 2I
I i I 2
C C 9 3 C
_



,
u ;
62,8539 V
Bi 8:
Cch gii Kt qu
Gng cu cho nh tht l gng cu lm => f > 0;
nh tht ngc chiu vi vt => k < 0
R A' B' d'
f ; k 3 k 3 d' 3d
2 AB d

M
1 1 1 1 1 4 4 2
d f R
f d d' d 3d 3d 3 3
+ +
d
;
28,6667cm
Bi 9:
105
Cch gii Kt qu
AB l nh o nh hn AB => thu knh l phn k, d < 0, k > 0
R
1
= -2R
2
;
A' B' 1 1 d'
k k d 3d'
AB 3 3 d

1 1 1 1 1 2 3
f d'
f d d' 3d' d' 3d' 2
+ +
f = -15cm
( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1
D n 1 n 1 n 1
f R R 2R R 2R
_ _
+ +

, ,
( ) ( )
2
2
n 1 3 n 1 d'
2
R
3d' 2R 4


R
2
= -3,75cm
R
1
= 7,5 cm
Bi 10:
Cch gii Kt qu
Tiu c ca knh lp:
c
OC
f
G

f = 3,125cm
bi gic:
c
OC
G k
l d'

+
vi
d' d' f
k
d f

d = -40cm
M ( )
d' 50 l
G = 6,9
=== Ht ===
106