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CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
GII CHI TIT I HC KHI A NM 2012
Mn: Ha hc M 647
Cu 1. Hp cht X c cng thc C
8
H
14
O
4
. T X thc hin cc phn ng (theo ng t l mol):
(a) X + 2NaOH X
1
+ X
2
+ H
2
O (b) X
1
+ H
2
SO
4
X
3
+ Na
2
SO
4
(c) nX
3
+ nX
4
nilon-6,6 + 2nH
2
O (d) 2X
2
+ X
3
X
5
+ 2H
2
O
Phn t khi ca X
5
l
A. 198. B. 202. C. 216. D. 174.
(a) HOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOC
2
H
5
+ 2NaOH NaOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COONa (X
1
) + C
2
H
5
OH (X
2
) + H
2
O
(b) NaOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COONa + H
2
SO
4
HOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOH (X
3
) + Na
2
SO
4
(c) nHOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOH + nH
2
N-[CH
2
]
6
-NH
2
(X
4
) (-CO-[CH
2
]
4
-CO-NH-[CH
2
]
6
-NH-)
n
+ 2nH
2
O
(d) 2C
2
H
5
OH + HOOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOH C
2
H
5
OOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOC
2
H
5
+ 2H
2
O
X
5
: C
2
H
5
OOC-[CH
2
]
4
-COOC
2
H
5
B. 202.
Cu 2. Cho dy cc cht: stiren, ancol benzylic, anilin, toluen, phenol (C
6
H
5
OH). S cht trong dy c
kh nng lm mt mu nc brom l
A. 4. B. 3. C. 5. D. 2.
Cht lm mt mu nc brom l stiren; anilin; phenol.
B. 3.
Cu 3. Hn hp M gm mt anken v hai amin no, n chc, mch h X v Y l ng ng k tip (M
X
< M
Y
). t chy hon ton mt lng M cn dng 4,536 lt O
2
(ktc) thu c H
2
O, N
2
v 2,24 lt CO
2
(ktc). Cht Y l
A. etylmetylamin. B. butylamin. C. etylamin. D. propylamin.
Bo ton nguyn t O: 2n O
2
= 2n CO
2
+ 1n H
2
O n H
2
O = 0,205
n amin = (n H
2
O n CO
2
)/1,5 = 0,07 C (amin) < 0,1/0,07 = 1,4 Hai amin l CH
5
N v C
2
H
7
N.
Y l C
2
H
7
N
C. etyl amin.
Cu 4. Hirat ha 5,2 gam axetilen vi xc tc HgSO
4
trong mi trng axit, un nng. Cho ton b cc
cht hu c sau phn ng vo mt lng d dung dch AgNO
3
trong NH
3
thu c 44,16 gam kt ta.
Hiu sut phn ng hirat ha axetilen l
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
A. 80%. B. 70%. C. 92%. D. 60%.
C
2
H
2
+ H
2
O CH
3
CHO
x x mol
CH
3
CHO 2Ag+
x 2x
C
2
H
2
C
2
Ag
2
+
0,2 x 0,2 x
m kt ta = m Ag + m C
2
Ag
2
= 108.2x + 240(0,2 x) = 44,16 x = 0,16
H = 0,16.100/0,2 = 80%.
A. 80%.
Cu 5. Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui (vi
in cc tr) l:
A. Ni, Cu, Ag. B. Li, Ag, Sn. C. Ca, Zn, Cu. D. Al, Fe, Cr.
A. Ni, Cu, Ag.
Cu 6. Cho cc cp oxi ha kh c sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh oxi ha ca dng oxi ha nh sau:
Fe
2+
/Fe, Cu
2+
/Cu, Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Cu
2+
oxi ha c Fe
2+
thnh Fe
3+
. B. Fe
3+
oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu
2+
.
C. Cu kh c Fe
3+
thnh Fe. D. Fe
2+
oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu
2+
.
Pht biu ng l
B. Fe
3+
oxi ha c Cu thnh Cu
2+
.
Cu 7. Hn hp X c khi lng 82,3 gam gm KClO
3
, Ca (ClO
3
)
2
, CaCl
2
v KCl. Nhit phn hon ton
X thu c 13,44 lt O
2
(ktc), cht rn Y gm CaCl
2
v KCl. Ton b Y tc dng va vi 0,3 lt dung
dch K
2
CO
3
1M thu c dung dch Z. Lng KCl trong Z nhiu gp 5 ln lng KCl trong X. Phn
trm khi lng KCl trong X l
A. 25,62%. B. 12,67%. C. 18,10%. D. 29,77%.
Bm my tnh n KCl = 82,3.%m KCl/(100.74,5)
Loi 25,67% v 29,77%.
Nu %m KCl = 18,10% n KCl ban u = 0,2 mol
Gi s mol KClO
3
, Ca(ClO
3
)
2
, CaCl
2
ln lt l x, y, z H
122,5x + 207y + 111z = 82,3 74,5.0,2 (1)
Bo ton nguyn t Ca: y + z = n CaCO
3
= n K
2
CO
3
= 0,3 (2)
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
Bo ton nguyn t K: n KCl (Z) = n KClO
3
+ n KCl (ban u) + 2.n K
2
CO
3
= x + 0,8 = 5.0,2
x = 0,2 (3)
(1), (2), (3) x = 0,2; y = 0,1; z = 0,2 ng
C. 18,10%.
Cu 8. Cho dy cc hp cht thm: p-HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH, p-HO-C
6
H
4
-COOC
2
H
5
, p-HO-
C
6
H
4
-COOH, p-HCOO-C
6
H
4
-OH, p-CH
3
O-C
6
H
4
-OH. C bao nhiu cht trong dy tha mn ng thi 2
iu kin sau?
(a) Ch tc dng vi NaOH theo t l mol 1 : 1.
(b) Tc dng c vi Na (d) to ra s mol H
2
bng s mol cht phn ng.
A. 3. B. 4. C. 1. D. 2.
C 1 cht tha mn 2 iu kin l p-HO-CH
2
-C
6
H
4
-OH.
C. 1.
Cu 9. Cho 500ml dung dch Ba (OH)
2
0,1M vo V ml dung dch Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
0,1M; sau khi cc phn ng
kt thc thu c 12,045 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 75. B. 150. C. 300. D. 200.
n Ba(OH)
2
= 0,05 mol n Ba
2+
= 0,05 mol; n OH
= 0,1 mol
Gii t 4 phng n
Nu V = 150 ml n Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
= 0,015 mol n Al
3+
= 0,03 mol; n SO
2
4
= 0,045 mol
n BaSO
4
= n SO
2
4
= 0,045 m BaSO
4
= 10,485 gam
n OH
/ n Al
3+
= 3,3 kt ta tan n Al(OH)
3
= 4n Al
3+
- n OH
= 0,02 mol
m Al(OH)
3
= 1,56 gam m kt ta = 12,045 gam.
B. 150.
Cu 10. Thc hin cc th nghim sau ( iu kin thng):
(a) Cho ng kim loi vo dung dch st (III) clorua.
(b) Sc kh hiro sunfua vo dung dch ng (II) sunfat.
(c) Cho dung dch bc nitrat vo dung dch st (III) clorua.
(d) Cho bt lu hunh vo thy ngn.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng l
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
(a) Cu + 2FeCl
3
CuCl
2
+ 2FeCl
2
(b) H
2
S + CuSO
4
CuS+ + H
2
SO
4
(c) 3AgNO
3
+ FeCl
3
3AgCl+ + Fe(NO
3
)
3
(d) Hg + S HgS
D. 4.
Cu 11. Xt phn ng phn hy N
2
O
5
trong dung mi CCl
4
45
0
C :
N
2
O
5
N
2
O
4
+
1
2
O
2
Ban u nng ca N
2
O
5
l 2,33M, sau 184 giy nng ca N
2
O
5
l 2,08M. Tc trung bnh ca
phn ng tnh theo N
2
O
5
l
A. 1,36.10
-3
mol/(l.s). B. 6,80.10
-4
mol/(l.s)
C. 6,80.10
-3
mol/(l.s). D. 2,72.10
-3
mol/(l.s).
v = AC/At = (2,33 2,08)/184 = 1,36.10
-3
mol/(l.s).
A. 1,36.10
-3
mol/(l.s).
Cu 12. Dy cht no sau y u th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi SO
2
?
A. H
2
S, O
2
, nc brom. B. O
2
, nc brom, dung dch KMnO
4
.
C. Dung dch NaOH, O
2
, dung dch KMnO
4
. D. Dung dch BaCl
2
, CaO, nc brom.
Dy cht th hin tnh oxi ha lhi phn ng vi SO
2
l
B. O
2
; nc Br
2
; dung dch KMnO
4
.
Cu 13. X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt chu k, hai nhm A lin tip. S proton ca nguyn t Y
nhiu hn s proton ca nguyn t X. Tng s ht proton trong nguyn t X v Y l 33. Nhn xt no sau
y v X, Y l ng?
A. m in ca X ln hn m in ca Y.
B. n cht X l cht kh iu kin thng.
C. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t Y ( trng thi c bn) c 5 electron.
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X ( trng thi c bn) c 4 electron.
p
X
+ p
Y
= 33 v p
Y
= p
X
+ 1 p
X
= 16; p
Y
= 17
X l S; Y l Cl.
X: 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
4
D. Phn lp ngoi cng ca X c 4 electron.
Cu 14. t chy hon ton 7,6 gam hn hp gm mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h v mt
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
ancol n chc (c s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t khc nhau) thu c 0,3 mol CO
2
v 0,4 mol H
2
O.
Thc hin phn ng este ha 7,6 gam hn hp trn vi hiu sut 80% thu c m gam este. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 4,08. B. 6,12. C. 8,16. D. 2,04.
n ancol = n H
2
O n CO
2
= 0,1 mol
Bo ton khi lng: m O
2
= 0,3.44 + 0,4.18 7,6 = 12,8 gam n O
2
= 0,4 mol
Bo ton nguyn t O: 2n axit + 1n ancol + 2n O
2
= 2n CO
2
+ 1n H
2
O n axit = 0,05 mol
C = n CO
2
/n hn hp = 2
V khc s C nn v n ancol = 0,1; n axit = 0,05 v n CO
2
= 0,3
Ancol l CH
3
OH; axit l C
3
H
7
COOH.
m este = (m axit + m ancol m H
2
O).80/100 = 4,08 gam.
A. 4,08 gam.
Cu 15. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
(c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
(d) Tristearin, triolein c cng thc ln lt l: (C
17
H
33
COO)
3
C
3
H
5
, (C
17
H
35
COO)
3
C
3
H
5
.
S pht biu ng l
A. 3. B. 2. C. 4. D. 1.
S pht biu ng l
(a) Cht bo c gi chung l triglixerit hay triaxylglixerol.
(b) Cht bo nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc nhng tan nhiu trong dung mi hu c.
(c) Phn ng thy phn cht bo trong mi trng axit l phn ng thun nghch.
A. 3.
Cu 16. Hn hp X gm axit fomic, axit acrylic, axit oxalic v axit axetic. Cho m gam X phn ng ht vi
dung dch NaHCO
3
thu c 1,344 lt CO
2
(ktc). t chy hon ton m gam X cn 2,016 lt O
2
(ktc),
thu c 4,84 gam CO
2
v a gam H
2
O. Gi tr ca a l
A. 1,62. B. 1,80. C. 3,60. D. 1,44.
Tc dng NaHCO
3
: n CO
2
= n HCOOH + n CH
2
=CH-COOH + 2n (COOH)
2
+ n CH
3
COOH = 0,06
t chy: Bo ton nguyn t O:
2n HCOOH + 2n CH
2
=CH-COOH + 4n (COOH)
2
+ 2n CH
3
COOH + 2n O
2
= 2n CO
2
+ 1n H
2
O
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
n H
2
O = 0,08 mol m H
2
O = 1,44 gam.
D. 1,44 gam.
Cu 17. Cho 2,8 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch gm AgNO
3
0,1M v Cu(NO
3
)
2
0,5M; khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton thu c m gam cht rn X. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,72. B. 4,08. C. 4,48. D. 3,20.
n Fe = 0,05 mol; n AgNO
3
= 0,02 mol; n Cu(NO
3
)
2
= 0,1 mol
Fe + 2AgNO
3
Fe(NO
3
)
2
+ 2Ag
Fe + Cu(NO
3
)
2
Fe(NO
3
)
2
+ Cu
Cht rn X gm: Ag = 0,02 mol; Cu = 0,04 mol m cht rn = 4,72 gam.
A. 4,72 gam.
Cu 18. Mt loi phn kali c thnh phn chnh l KCl (cn li l cc tp cht khng cha kali) c sn
xut t qung xinvinit c dinh dng 55%. Phn trm khi lng ca KCl trong loi phn kali l
A. 95,51%. B. 87,18%. C. 65,75%. D. 88,52%.
Qung xinvisit: NaCl.KCl
Gi s mol NaCl = x mol; KCl l 1 mol
dinh dng phn kali = %m K
2
O = (94/2)/(58,5x + 74,5) 100 = 55 x = 0,187
%m KCl = 74,5.100/(74,5 + 58,5.0,187 = 87,18%.
B. 87,18%.
Cu 19. Cho cc phn ng sau :
(a) H
2
S + SO
2
(b) Na
2
S
2
O
3
+ dung dch H
2
SO
4
(long)
(c) SiO
2
+ Mg
0
ti le mol 1:2
t
(d) Al
2
O
3
+ dung dch NaOH
(e) Ag + O
3
(g) SiO
2
+ dung dch HF
S phn ng to ra n cht l
A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 3.
Phn ng to n cht
(a) H
2
S + SO
2
S + H
2
O
(b) Na
2
S
2
O
3
+ H
2
SO
4
long Na
2
SO
4
+ SO
2
+ S + H
2
O
(c) SiO
2
+ Mg MgO + Si.
(e) Ag + O
3
Ag
2
O + O
2
A. 4.
Cu 20. Hn hp X gm Fe
3
O
4
v Al c t l mol tng ng 1 : 3. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm X
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
(khng c khng kh) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp gm
A. Al
2
O
3
v Fe. B. Al, Fe v Al
2
O
3
.
C. Al, Fe, Fe
3
O
4
v Al
2
O
3
. D. Al
2
O
3
, Fe v Fe
3
O
4
.
8Al + 3Fe
3
O
4
4Al
2
O
3
+ 9Fe
Al d Hn hp gm Al
2
O
3
, Fe v Al d.
B. Al
2
O
3
, Fe v Al.
Cu 21. Cho cc pht biu sau:
(a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c s mol CO
2
bng s mol H
2
O.
(b) Trong hp cht hu c nht thit phi c cacbon v hiro.
(c) Nhng hp cht hu c c thnh phn nguyn t ging nhau, thnh phn phn t hn km nhau mt
hay nhiu nhm CH
2
l ng ng ca nhau.
(d) Dung dch glucoz b kh bi AgNO
3
trong NH
3
to ra Ag.
(e) Saccaraz ch c cu to mch vng.
S pht biu ng l
A. 4. B. 5. C. 3. D. 2.
S pht biu ng l
(a) t chy hon ton este no, n chc, mch h lun thu c n CO
2
= n H
2
O.
(e) Saccaroz ch c cu to mch vng.
D. 2.
Cu 22. Cho cc pht biu sau v phenol (C
6
H
5
OH):
(a) Phenol tan nhiu trong nc lnh.
(b) Phenol c tnh axt nhng dung dch phenol trong nc khng lm i mu qu tm.
(c) Phenol c dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta.
S pht biu ng l
A. 5. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
Pht biu ng l
(b) Phenol c tnh axit nhng dung dch phenol khng lm qu tm i mu.
(c) Phenol dng sn xut phm nhum, cht dit nm mc.
(d) Nguyn t H ca vng benzen trong phenol d b thay th hn nguyn t H trong benzen.
(e) Cho nc brom vo dung dch phenol thy xut hin kt ta.
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
D. 4.
Cu 23. t chy hon ton 3 lt hn hp X gm 2 anken kt tip nhau trong dy ng ng cn va
10,5 lt O
2
(cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Hirat ha hon ton X trong iu
kin thch hp thu c hn hp ancol Y, trong khi lng ancol bc hai bng 6/13 ln tng khi
lng cc ancol bc mt. Phn trm khi lng ca ancol bc mt (c s nguyn t cacbon ln hn)
trong Y l
A. 46,43%. B. 31,58%. C. 10,88%. D. 7,89%.
C
n
H
2n
+ 1,5n O
2
n CO
2
+ n H
2
O
n = 2,33 C
2
H
4
v C
3
H
6
3 ancol l C
2
H
5
OH = a mol; CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
OH = b mol; CH
3
CH(OH)CH
3
= c mol
a + b + c = 3 (1)
Bo ton nguyn t O n CO
2
= n H
2
O = 7 n CO
2
= 2a + 3b + 3c = 7 (2)
60c = 6(46a + 60by)/13 (3)
(1), (2), (3) a = 2; b = 0,2; c = 0,8 %m CH
3
CH
2
CH
2
OH = 7,89%
D. 7,89%.
Cu 24. Loi t no sau y c iu ch bng phn ng trng hp?
A. T visco. B. T nitron.
C. T nilon-6,6. D. T xenluloz axetat.
Loi t iu ch bng phn ng trng hp l t nitron [-CH
2
-CH(CN)-]
n
B. t nitron.
Cu 25. Cho s phn ng :
(a) X + H
2
O
xuctac
Y
(b) Y + AgNO
3
+ NH
3
+ H
2
O amoni gluconat + Ag + NH
4
NO
3
(c) Y
xuctac
E + Z
(d) Z + H
2
O
anhsang
chat diepluc
X + G
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. Tinh bt, glucoz, etanol. B. Tinh bt, glucoz, cacbon ioxit.
C. Xenluloz, saccaroz, cacbon ioxit. D. Xenluloz, fructoz, cacbon ioxit.
(a) (C
6
H
10
O
5
)
n
(X) + n H
2
O n C
6
H
12
O
6
(Y)
(c) C
6
H
12
O
6
2C
2
H
5
OH + 2CO
2
(Z)
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
(d) 6nCO
2
+ 5nH
2
O (C
6
H
10
O
5
)
n
+ 6nO
2
B. tinh bt, glucoz v CO
2
.
Cu 26. Cho hn hp K
2
CO
3
v NaHCO
3
(t l mol 1 : 1) vo bnh dung dch Ba(HCO
3
)
2
thu c kt ta
X v dung dch Y. Thm t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo bnh n khi khng cn kh thot ra th ht 560
ml. Bit ton b Y phn ng va vi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Khi lng kt ta X l
A. 3,94 gam. B. 7,88 gam. C. 11,28 gam. D. 9,85 gam.
K
2
CO
3
= x mol; NaHCO
3
= y mol; Ba(HCO
3
)
2
= z mol
x/y = 1 (1);
H
+
+ HCO
3
CO
2
+ H
2
O
2H
+
+ CO
2
3
CO
2
+ H
2
O
n H
+
= n HCO
3
+ 2.n CO
2
3
= y + 2z + 2x = 0,28 (2)
HCO
3
+ OH
CO
2
3
+ H
2
O
n OH
= y + 2z = 0,2 (3)
(1), (2), (3) x = y = 0,04; z = 0,08 n BaCO
3
= n CO
2
3
= 0,04 m BaCO
3
= 7,88 gam.
B. 7,88 gam.
Cu 27. Cho dy cc cht: Al, Al(OH)
3
, Zn(OH)
2
, NaHCO
3
, Na
2
SO
4
. S cht trong dy va phn ng
c vi dung dch HCl, va phn ng c vi dung dch NaOH l
A. 2. B. 5. C. 3. D. 4.
Cht va tc dng dung dch HCl, va tc dng dung dch NaOH l Al, Al(OH)
3
, Zn(OH)
2
, NaHCO
3
.
D. 4.
Cu 28. Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t R trong hp cht kh vi hiro (R c s oxi ha thp nht)
v trong oxit cao nht tng ng l a% v b%, vi a : b = 11 : 4. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Oxit cao nht ca R iu kin thng l cht rn.
B. Nguyn t R ( trng thi c bn) c 6 electron s.
C. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, R thuc chu k 3.
D. Phn t oxit cao nht ca R khng c cc.
R c 6 electron s/R thuc chu k 3 c 2 cng ng hoc cng sai R thuc chu k 2.
R l C CO
2
khng phn cc.
D. CO
2
khng phn cc.
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
Cu 29. in phn 150 ml dung dch AgNO
3
1M vi in cc tr trong t gi, cng dng in khng
i 2,68A (hiu sut qu trnh in phn l 100%), thu c cht rn X, dung dch Y v kh Z. Cho 12,6
gam Fe vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc thu c 14,5 gam hn hp kim loi v kh NO (sn phm
kh duy nht ca N
+5
). Gi tr ca t l
A. 0.8. B. 0,3. C. 1,0. D. 1,2.
2AgNO
3
+ H
2
O 2Ag + 2HNO
3
+ 1/2O
2
x x mol
Fe + 4HNO
3
Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 2H
2
O
0,25x x 0,25x
Fe + 2Ag
+
Fe
2+
+ 2Ag
(0,15 x)/2 (0,15 x) (0,15 x)
Fe + 2Fe
3+
3Fe
2+
0,125x 0,25x
Kim loi thu c gm Ag = (0,15 x); Fe d = 0,225 0,25x (0,15 x)/2 0,125x
m khi lng = m Ag + m Fe d x = 0,1 mol t = 0,1.96500.1/2,68 = 3600 s = 1 gi.
C. 1 gi.
Cu 30. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm Na
2
O v Al
2
O
3
vo nc thu c dung dch X trong
sut. Thm t t dung dch HCl 1M vo X, khi ht 100 ml th bt u xut hin kt ta; khi ht 300 ml
hoc 700 ml th u thu c a gam kt ta. Gi tr ca a v m ln lt l
A. 23,4 v 56,3. B. 23,4 v 35,9. C. 15,6 v 27,7. D. 15,6 v 55,4.
Cho ht 100 ml HCl mi c kt ta NaOH d n NaOH = n HCl = 0,1 mol
Hn hp u gm Na
2
O = (x + 0,05) mol; Al
2
O
3
= x mol
Bm my tnh: m Na
2
O + m Al
2
O
3
= 62(x + 0,05) + 102x = 4 phng n
m = 35,9 x = 0,2 mol hoc m = 27,7 x = 0,15 mol Loi 2 phng n cn li (A, C).
Nu x = 0,2 n AlO
2
= 2.n Al
2
O
3
= 0,4 v n H
+
(1) = 0,2 mol v n H
+
(2) = 0,6
n Al(OH)
3
= 0,2 n H
+
(2) = 4.n AlO
2
3n Al(OH)
3
V l
Vy x = 0,15 hay m = 27,7 gam
C. 15,6; 27,7 gam.
Cu 31. Hiro ha hon ton hirocacbon mch h X thu c isopentan. S cng thc cu to c th c
ca X l
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
A. 6. B. 5. C. 7. D. 4.
X c 7 cng thc cu to ph hp
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CH
2
CH
3
; CH
3
C(CH
3
)=CHCH
3
CH
3
CH(CH
3
)CH=CH
2
CH
3
CH(CH
3
)CCH
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CH=CH
2
CH
3
C(CH
3
)=C=CH
2
CH
2
=C(CH
3
)CCH
C. 7.
Cu 32. Nguyn t R to c cation R
+
. Cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng ca R
+
( trng thi
c bn) l 2p
6
. Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t R l
A. 11. B. 10. C. 22. D. 23.
R l Na (Z = 11) s ht mang in = 2p = 22
C. 22.
Cu 33. t chy hon ton 4,64 gam mt hirocacbon X (cht kh iu kin thng) ri em ton b
sn phm chy hp th ht vo bnh ng dung dch Ba(OH)
2
. Sau cc phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt
ta v khi lng phn dung dch gim bt 19,912 gam. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C
3
H
4
. B. CH
4
. C. C
2
H
4
. D. C
4
H
10
.
m dung dch gim = m kt ta m CO
2
m H
2
O
Kim tra s mol hirocacbon Loi C
2
H
4
Nu C
3
H
4
n C
3
H
4
= 0,116 n CO
2
= 0,348; n H
2
O = 0,232 mol
19,912 = 39,4 44.0,348 18.0,232 ng
A. C
3
H
4
.
Cu 34. Cho dy cc cht: C
6
H
5
NH
2
(1), C
2
H
5
NH
2
(2), (C
6
H
5
)
2
NH (3), (C
2
H
5
)
2
NH (4), NH
3
(5) (C
6
H
5
- l
gc phenyl). Dy cc cht sp xp theo th t lc baz gim dn l :
A. (4), (1), (5), (2), (3). B. (3), (1), (5), (2), (4).
C. (4), (2), (3), (1), (5). D. (4), (2), (5), (1), (3).
Lc baz gim dn: (C
2
H
5
)
2
NH > C
2
H
5
NH
2
> NH
3
> C
6
H
5
NH
2
> (C
6
H
5
)
2
NH
D. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3.
Cu 35. Ha tan hon ton 2,43 gam hn hp gm Mg v Zn vo mt lng va dung dch H
2
SO
4
long, sau phn ng thu c 1,12 lt H
2
(ktc) v dung dch X. Khi lng mui trong dung dch X l
A. 5,83 gam. B. 7,33 gam. C. 4,83 gam. D. 7,23 gam.
m mui = m kim loi + 96.n H
2
= 7,23 gam.
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
D. 7,23 gam.
Cu 36. Trong ancol X, oxi chim 26,667% v khi lng. un nng X vi H
2
SO
4
c thu c anken Y.
Phn t khi ca Y l
A. 56. B. 70. C. 28. D. 42.
%m O = 16.100/(14n + 18) = 26,667 C
3
H
7
OH Anken l C
3
H
6
= 42
D. 42.
Cu 37. Hn hp X gm 2 amino axit no (ch c nhm chc COOH v NH
2
trong phn t), trong t
l m
O
: m
N
= 80 : 21. tc dng va vi 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 30 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Mt
khc, t chy hon ton 3,83 gam hn hp X cn 3,192 lt O
2
(ktc). Dn ton b sn phm chy (CO
2
,
H
2
O v N
2
) vo nc vi trong d th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 20 gam. B. 13 gam. C. 10 gam. D. 15 gam.
Bm my tnh
Hai amino axit ln lt l A, B H
m hn hp = Ax + By = 3,83 v n CO
2
= C
A
x + C
B
y = n CaCO
3
= 4 phng n
Ln lt cho A l glyxin = C
2
H
5
NO
2
= 75 vC hoc alanin = C
3
H
7
NO
2
= 89; B l axit glutamic HOOC-
CH
2
CH
2
CH(NH
2
)COOH = 147
Ch c m kt ta = 13 gam l ph hp.
B. 13 gam.
Cu 38. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Mui phenylamoni clorua khng tan trong nc.
B. Tt c cc peptit u c phn ng mu biure.
C. H
2
N-CH
2
-CH
2
-CO-NH-CH
2
-COOH l mt ipeptit.
D. iu kin thng, metylamin v imetylamin l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
Pht biu ng l
D. iu kin thng, CH
3
NH
2
v (CH
3
)
2
NH l nhng cht kh c mi khai.
Cu 39. Cho dy cc oxit: NO
2
, Cr
2
O
3
, SO
2
, CrO
3
, CO
2
, P
2
O
5
, Cl
2
O
7
, SiO
2
, CuO. C bao nhiu oxit trong
dy tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH long?
A. 6. B. 7. C. 8. D. 5.
Cc oxit tc dng vi dung dch NaOH
NO
2
; Cr
2
O
3
; SO
2
; CrO
3
; CO
2
; P
2
O
5
A. 6.
Cu 40. Qung no sau y giu st nht?
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
A. Pirit st. B. Hematit . C. Manhetit. D. Xierit.
Qung giu st nht l manhetit Fe
3
O
4
C. Manhetit.
Cu 41. Cho cc phn ng sau:
(a) FeS + 2HCl FeCl
2
+ H
2
S
(b) Na
2
S + 2HCl 2NaCl + H
2
S
(c) 2AlCl
3
+ 3Na
2
S + 6H
2
O 2Al(OH)
3
+ 3H
2
S + 6NaCl
(d) KHSO
4
+ KHS K
2
SO
4
+ H
2
S
(e) BaS + H
2
SO
4
(long) BaSO
4
+ H
2
S
S phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn S
2-
+ 2H
+
H
2
S l
A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1
Phn ng c phng trnh ion thu gn S
2
+ 2H
+
H
2
S l
Na
2
S + 2HCl NaCl + H
2
S.
D. 1.
Cu 42. Cho s chuyn ha sau:
(a) C
3
H
4
O
2
+ NaOH X + Y
(b) X + H
2
SO
4
(long) Z + T
(c) Z + dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
(d) E + Ag + NH
4
NO
3
(d) Y + dung dch AgNO
3
/NH
3
(d) F + Ag +NH
4
NO
3
Cht E v cht F theo th t l
A. (NH
4
)
2
CO
3
v CH
3
COOH B. HCOONH
4
v CH
3
COONH
4
C. (NH
4
)
2
CO
3
v CH
3
COONH
4
D. HCOONH
4
v CH
3
CHO
(a) HCOOCH=CH
2
+ NaOH HCOONa (X) + CH
3
CHO (Y)
(b) HCOONa + H
2
SO
4
long HCOOH (Z) + Na
2
SO
4
(T)
(c) HCOOH (NH
4
)
2
CO
3
(E)
(d) CH
3
CHO CH
3
COONH
4
(F)
C. (NH
4
)
2
CO
3
v CH
3
COONH
4
.
Cu 43. Cho hn hp gm Fe v Mg vo dung dch AgNO
3
, khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
dung dch X (gm hai mui) v cht rn Y (gm hai kim loi). Hai mui trong X l:
A. Mg(NO
3
)
2
v Fe(NO
3
)
2
B. Fe(NO
3
)
2
v AgNO
3
C. Fe(NO
3
)
3
v Mg(NO
3
)
2
D. AgNO
3
v Mg(NO
3
)
2
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
2 kim loi l Ag v Fe nn 2 mui l Mg(NO
3
)
2
v Fe(NO
3
)
2
.
A. Mg(NO
3
)
2
v Fe(NO
3
)
2
.
Cu 44. Ha hi 8,64 gam hn hp gm mt axit no, n chc, mch h X v mt axit no, a chc Y (c
mch cacbon h, khng phn nhnh) thu c mt th tch hi bng th tch ca 2,8 gam N
2
(o trong
cng iu kin nhit , p sut). t chy hon ton 8,64 gam hn hp hai axit trn thu c 11,44 gam
CO
2
. Phn trm khi lng ca X trong hn hp ban u l
A. 72,22% B. 65,15% C. 27,78% D. 35,25%
n hn hp = n N
2
= 0,1 mol M = 86,4 vC
Axit n chc X c th l HCOOH, CH
3
COOH, C
2
H
5
COOH,
Axit 2 chc Y c th l (COOH)
2
, CH
2
(COOH)
2
,
Lp h theo m hn hp = M
X
x + M
Y
y = 8,64 v n CO
2
= C
X
x + C
Y
y = 0,26
X l CH
3
COOH = 0,04; Y l CH
2
(COOH)
2
= 0,06
%m X = 27,78%.
C. 27,78%.
Cu 45. t chy hon ton mt lng ancol X to ra 0,4 mol CO
2
v 0,5 mol H
2
O. X tc dng vi
Cu(OH)
2
to ra dung dch mu xanh lam. Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a cht Y. Nhn xt
no sau y ng vi X?
A. X lm mt mu nc brom
B. Trong X c hai nhm OH lin kt vi hai nguyn t cacbon bc hai.
C. Trong X c ba nhm CH
3
.
D. Hirat ha but-2-en thu c X.
n ancol = n H
2
O n CO
2
= 0,1 C = 4
Ancol ch c th l CH
3
CH(OH)CH(OH)CH
3
B. X c 2 nhm OH lin kt vi 2 nguyn t C bc II.
Cu 46. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng?
A. Crom l kim loi cng nht trong tt c cc kim loi
B. Nhm v crom u b th ng ha bi HNO
3
c, ngui.
C. Nhm v crom u phn ng vi HCl theo cng t l s mol.
D. Vt dng lm bng nhm v crom u bn trong khng kh v nc v c mng oxit bo v.
Nhn xt khng ng
C. Al v Cr phn ng vi dung dch HCl theo cng t l mol.
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
Cu 47. S amin bc mt c cng cng thc phn t C
3
H
9
N l
A. 4 B. 3 C. 1 D. 2
S amin bc I ng vi C
3
H
9
N l 2.
D. 2.
Cu 48. Dung dch cht no sau y lm qu tm chuyn thnh mu hng?
A. axit -aminoglutaric B. Axit ,
c
-iaminocaproic
C. Axit -aminopropionic D. Axit aminoaxetic.
Dung dch lm qu tm ha hng l
A. Axit o-aminoglutaric.
Cu 49. Hn hp X gm H
2
v C
2
H
4
c t khi so vi H
2
l 7,5. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn
hp Y c t khi so vi H
2
l 12,5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ha l
A. 70% B. 60% C. 50% D. 80%
S ng cho: n H
2
/n C
2
H
4
= (28 15)/(15 2) = 1 H tnh theo H
2
hoc C
2
H
4
.
Gi s mol X = 1 mol
m X = m Y 15.1 = 25.n Y n Y = 0,6 n hn hp gim = n H
2
phn ng = 0,4 mol
H = 0,4.100/0,5 = 80%.
D. 80%.
Cu 50. Cho 100 ml dung dch AgNO
3
2a mol/l vo 100 ml dung dch Fe(NO
3
)
2
a mol/l. Sau khi phn ng
kt thc thu c 8,64 gam cht rn v dung dch X. Cho dung dch HCl d vo X thu c m gam kt
ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,48 B. 14,35 C. 17,22 D. 22,96
n AgNO
3
= 0,2a mol; n Fe(NO
3
)
2
= 0,1a mol
AgNO
3
+ Fe(NO
3
)
2
Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ Ag
0,1a
Cht rn l Ag = 0,1a mol m cht rn = 108.0,1a = 8,64 a = 0,8
Dung dch X gm AgNO
3
d = 0,08 mol v Fe(NO
3
)
3
= 0,08 mol
HCl + AgNO
3
AgCl + HNO
3
m AgCl = 11,48 gam
A. 11,48 gam.
Cu 51. Kh este no, n chc, mch h X bng LiAlH
4
, thu c ancol duy nht Y. t chy hon ton
Y thu c 0,2 mol CO
2
v 0,3 mol H
2
O. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c tng khi lng CO
2
v
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
H
2
O l
A. 24,8 gam B. 28,4 gam C. 16,8 gam D. 18,6 gam
RCOOR + LiAlH
4
RCH
2
OH + ROH
RCH
2
OH = ROH = C
2
H
5
OH Este l CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
= 0,1
n CO
2
= n H
2
O = 0,4 mol m CO
2
+ m H
2
O = 24,8 gam.
A. 24,8 gam.
Cu 52. Dung dch X gm CH
3
COOH 0,03 M v CH
3
COONa 0,01 M. Bit 25
0
C, K
a
ca CH
3
COOH l
1,75.10
-5
, b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X 25
0
C l
A. 6,28 B. 4,76 C. 4,28 D. 4,04
CH
3
COOH
H
+
+ CH
3
COO
0,03
x
0,03 x x x
CH
3
COONa Na
+
+ CH
3
COO
0,01 0,01
Ka
=
3
3
[H ][CH COO ]
[CH COOH]
+
= (0,03 x)(0,04 x)/(0,03 x) = 1,75.10
-5
x = 5,21.10
-5
pH = - lg(5,21.10
-5
) = 4,28
C. 4,28.
Cu 53. Nhn xt no sau y khng ng
A. SO
3
v CrO
3
u l oxit axit.
B. Al(OH)
3
v Cr(OH)
3
u l hiroxit lng tnh v c tnh kh.
C. BaSO
4
v BaCrO
4
hu nh khng tan trong nc.
C. Fe(OH)
2
v Cr(OH)
2
u l baz v c tnh kh.
Nhn xt khng ng l
B. Al(OH)
3
v Cr(OH)
3
u lng tnh v c tnh kh.
Cu 54. Cho
0
( )
1,10 ;
pin Zn Cu
E V
=
2
0
/
0, 76
Zn Zn
E V
+
= v
0
/
0,80
Ag Ag
E V
+
= + . Sut in ng chun ca pin in
ha Cu-Ag l
A. 0,56 V B. 0,34 V C. 0,46 V D. 1,14 V
E
0
(Zn-Cu) = E
0
(Cu
2+
/Cu) E
0
(Zn
2+
/Zn) = 1,1 E
0
(Cu
2+
/Cu) = +0,34V
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
E
0
(Cu-Ag) = E
0
(Ag
+
/Ag) E
0
(Cu
2+
/Cu) = 0,8 0,34 = + 0,46V
C. 0,46V.
Cu 55. C cc cht sau : keo dn ure-fomanehit; t lapsan; t nilon-6,6; protein; si bng;
amoniaxetat; nha novolac. Trong cc cht trn, c bao nhiu cht m trong phn t ca chng c cha
nhm NH-CO-?
A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 6
Cht cha nhm CO-NH- l keo dn, t nilon-6,6; protein.
C. 3.
Cu 56. Cho cc pht biu sau
(a) Kh CO
2
gy ra hin tng hiu ng nh knh
(b) Kh SO
2
gy ra hin tng ma axit.
(c) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon (ch yu l CFCl
3
v CF
2
Cl
2
) ph hy tng ozon
(d) Moocphin v cocain l cc cht ma ty
S pht biu ng l
A. 2 B. 4 C. 3 D. 1
S pht biu ng l
(a) CO
2
gy hiu ng nh knh.
(b) Kh SO
2
gy ra hin tng ma axit.
(c) Khi c thi ra kh quyn, freon ph hy tng ozon.
(d) Moocphin v cocain l cc cht ma ty.
C. 4.
Cu 57. Cho 18,4 gam hn hp X gm Cu
2
S, CuS, FeS
2
v FeS tc dng ht vi HNO
3
(c nng d) thu
c V lt kh ch c NO
2
( ktc, sn phm kh duy nht) v dung dch Y. Cho ton b Y vo mt lng
d dung dch BaCl
2
, thu c 46,6 gam kt ta, cn khi cho ton b Y tc dng vi dung dch NH
3
d
thu c 10,7 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca V l
A. 38,08 B. 11,2 C. 24,64 D. 16,8
X gm Cu, Fe, S
Y gm Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
, SO
2
4
m BaSO
4
= 0,2 mol n S = 0,2 mol
m Fe(OH)
3
= 0,1 mol n Fe = 0,1
Bo ton khi lng m Cu = m hn hp m Fe m S = 6,4 gam
Th.s: L TN DIN T : 0902 822 216 75 Hin Vng Tn Ph Tp.HCM
CHUYN HA 12 LUYN THI I HC C LP LUYN THI T 8 IM TR LN
n Cu = 0,1
Bo ton electron 2.n Cu + 3.n Fe + 6.n S = 1n NO
2
n NO
2
= 1,7
V NO
2
= 38,08 lt
A. 38,08 lt.
Cu 58. Cho cc pht biu sau v cacbohirat:
(a) Tt c cc cacbohirat u c phn ng thy phn.
(b) Thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz.
(c) Glucoz, fructoz v mantoz u c phn ng trng bc.
(d) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom.
S pht biu ng l:
A. 3 B. 4 C. 1 D. 2
S pht biu ng l
(b) thy phn hon ton tinh bt thu c glucoz.
(c) Glucoz, fructoz, mantoz u c phn ng trng bc.
(c) Glucoz lm mt mu nc brom.
A. 3.
Cu 59. Cho dy cc cht : cumen, stiren, isopren, xiclohexan, axetilen, benzen. S cht trong dy lm
mt mu dung dch brom l
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
S cht lm mt mu nc brom l Stiren; isopren; axetilen.
B. 3.
Cu 60. Cho s chuyn ha : CH
3
Cl
KCN
X
3
0
H O
t
+
Y
Cng thc cu to X, Y ln lt l:
A. CH
3
NH
2
, CH
3
COOH B. CH
3
NH
2
, CH
3
COONH
4
C. CH
3
CN, CH
3
COOH D. CH
3
CN, CH
3
CHO
CH
3
Cl CH
3
CN (X) CH
3
COOH (Y)
X, Y ln lt l CH
3
CN, CH
3
COOH.
C. CH
3
CN, CH
3
COOH.