1 1 1 1 1 1

a m a P T m T m g + = =
2 1 2
1 2
( )
1, 87 /
m m
s
m m
k M
a g m
M
+
= =
+ +
Cu 1. Mt tm vn c chiu di l = 1m, khi lng m
2
=2kg t trn
mt phng ngang v c ni vi vt m
1
=3kg bng mt si dy vt
qua mt rng rc, dy v rng rc c khi lng khng ng k v
quay khng ma st. Mt vt M=3kg c t ln u tm vn v
c ni vi im c nh I bng si dy c di 2l. Lc u gi h
ng yn, vt M di I theo ng thng ng v cch I mt on
l. H s ma st gia M v tm vn cng nh tm vn v mt phng
ngang l k=0,3. Th h t do, tnh vn tc tm vn khi M va ri tm
vn.
Hng dn gii:
Chuyn ng ca tm vn gm hai giai on:
* Khi dy ni vt M cha b cng:
Gi s M chuyn ng theo tm vn vi gia tc , p dng nh lut II
Niuton:
- i vi tm vn v vt M:
Chiu ln phng ngang ta c:
T
1
k(M+m
2
)g = M+m
2
(1)
- i vi m
1
:
(2)
Cng (1) v (2) v T
1
=T
1
ta suy ra:
(3)

- Xt M trong h chuyn ng vi tm vn:
2 2 1 2 2
( )
ms
P N T a f P m M + + + + = +
3 s l =
2
3
0
2 2 as al
v
= =
0
( ) 30 o =
0
ms
T P N f + + + =
cos
ms
T f o =
sin 0 P T N o =
1
Mg
N
ktgo
=
+
' a
Lc qu tnh tc dng ln M: F
qt
= Ma = 3.1,875 =5,625N
Lc ma st ngh cc i tc dng ln M: F
msn
= kMg =0,3.3.10 = 9N
V F
qt
< F
ms
: M khng trt trn tm vn, iu gi s l ng.
- Qung ng i ca M cng vi tm vn khi dy bt u cng:
Vn tc tm vn lc l:
(4)
* Khi dy b cng: M dng li i vi tm vn.
- Xt M: cc lc tc dng ln M:

Chiu ln phng ngang:

Chiu ln phng ng:


(5)
- Xt tm vn chuyn ng vi gia tc

Chiu ln phng ng:
(6)
sin
ms
f N P T Mg tg Mg kNtg o o o = = =
2 2 2 1 2
'
ms ms
P N T a f f m N + + + + + =
2 2
' 0 N P N + =
2 2
1
M
N m
g
g
ktgo
= +
+
( ' ) N N =
Chiu ln phng ngang:
(5) v (6) (7)
- Xt by gi:
(8)
(6)+(7) (9)
* Vn tc tm vn khi vt M va ri tm vn l V:

(4)
(3) v (9)

Cu 3. Mt vt c khi lng m c ko trn mt phng nghing vi
vn tc khng i bi mt si dy. Gc hp bi mt phng ngang v
nghing l ,h s ma st gia vt m v mt phng nghing l k. Xc
nh gc hp bi si dy v mt phng nghing lc ko dy l
nh nht.Tnh gi tr lc ko dy lc .
Hng dn gii:
- Do vt chuyn ng thng u:
Chiu ln cc trc ta nh hnh v:


Vi
2 2 2
2
'
1
kMg
k g a
kt
T m m
go
=
+
1 2 2 2
'
ms ms
T f f a m =
2 2 2
( ) ' k N N m a T + =
1
m
1 2 1
' a m T g m =
1 2
2
1 2
2
( )
1
' 1, 73 /
M
k
ktg
a g m
m m
s
m m
o
+
+
= =
+
2
2
0
2 ' a l
v
V
=
2
2
2 ' 2 3 2 ' 2( 3
0
') a l al a l a a l
V
v
= + = + = +
2( 3 ') 3,15 / V a a l m s = + =
o
|
0
ms
Q P F F + + + =
* cos sin 0 P Q F o | + + =
cos sin Q P F o | =
* sin cos 0
ms
P F F o | + =
( cos sin )
ms
F kQ k P F o o = =
sin ( cos sin ) cos 0 P k P F F o o | | + =
2 1 3
a a a a = = =


- C

y cc i khi:
v
Cu 4. Cho c h nh hnh v: dy ni vi cc vt
khng dn. H s ma st mi mt tp xc u bng k. Bung vt
cho h chuyn ng th sau vt trt ht chiu di 0,5(m)
ca vt . Tnh k? B qua ma st ca rng rc, ly g=10(m/s
2
).
Hng dn gii:
Do dy khng dn nn
Qung ng i trn l
Vi
Khi trt ht vt 2 th th nng gim: (1)
ng nng h thng (2)
Vi
ln cng ca lc ma st: (3)
p dng nh lut bo ton nng lng:
T (1),(2) v (3) suy ra k=0,2.
Cu 1. Trong mt mt phng thng ng c mt ng trt cu to
t hai phn: ng parabol vi phng trnh ni tp l
ng trn c bn knh R=3,6m. Mt vt nh nm nh A ca
ng trt v c truyn vn tc u theo phng ngang nh
(sin cos )
cos sin
P k
F
k
o o
| |
+
=
+
2 2 2 2 2
(cos sin ) (sin cos )(1 ) 1 k k k | | | | + s + + = +
2
cos sin 1 y k k | | = + s +
1
cos sin
k
tg k |
| |
= =
2
(sin cos )
1
min
F
mg k
k
o o +
=
+
3
m
2
m
2
l
s =
2
2
2
2
at s
s a
t
= =
3
m
1
Wt gs m A =
2
3 1 2
( )

2

m m v m
W
+ +
A =
v at =
2 3 2 3 3
. ( ) .
ms ms ms
l s A F F m m m k gl k gs + = + = +
W

W t A A =A +
3 1 2
1( ), m m g m k = = =
1
m
0, 75 , s
3
m
2
m
2
5
49
y x =
0
v
hnh v. Tm iu kin ca vt i ht ng trn ca ng
trt. B qua ma st.
Hng dn gii:
Nu khng c ng trt, vt nh s c nm ngang t A vi vn
tc ban u s chuyn ng theo ng parabol c phng trnh
Mun vt trt ht phn trt AD, u sau trt ht vng trn th
vt phi lun bm vo AD, ngha l vi mi honh x ca vt, tung
y ca vt trn AD phi tha mn iu kin:
hay
vt trt ht mng trn th vt phi ti c im C m khng ri
mng, ngha l ti C phn lc
p dng nh lut II Niuton ti C ta c:

V im C c cng cao nh A nn
0
v
0
2
1 2
2v
g
y x =
1
y y s
2
0 2
0
5
0, 7 /
49 2
g
x v m s
v
s s
0 N >
2 2
( )
c c
mv v
N mg N m g
R R
+ = =
0 0 0
' 6( / ) 6 7( / )
C A
v v v v gR m s v m s = = > = s s