CNG NGH CH BIN CAO SU

GVHD : Th.S Thnh Thanh Sn SVTH : Nguyn Dng Quang Khi Nguyn Cao Vit Nguyn Th Th Thi Nguyn Th Minh Hin Nguyn Ngc Anh Huy Nguyn Trng Khi V Quc Tun V Th Minh Trang Phm c Thnh Thanh Minh Trn Thanh Thng Please keep your questions until the end of this presentation. thank you!

LI NI U
Cao su l vt liu polyme quan trng trong i sng con ngi . Ty theo tnh cht ca sn phm ngi ta s dng loi cao su thch hp Ngnh cng nghip ch bin cao su Vit Nam ra i t nhng nm 1950 nhng n nay vn cha pht trin tng xng vi v tr mt nc c ngun nguyn liu cao su di do

NI DUNG
Phn A : TNG QUAN Phn B : CNG NGH CH BIN CAO SU THIN NHIN

Phn C : CNG NGH CH BIN CAO SU TNG HP

PHN A : TNG QUAN

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Lch s hnh thnh : - Ngi chu u u tin bit n cy cao su c l l Christophe Colomb. - 1819, Thomas Hancock (Anh) khm ph ra qu trnh nghin hay cn do cao su gip cng nghip cao su tin trin vt bc. - 1839, Charles Goodyear (Hoa K) pht minh ra qu trnh lu ha cao su

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

- 1877, cy cao su u tin du nhp vo ng Dng l do J.B Louis Pierre em trng ti Tho Cm Vin Si Gn. - 1897, dc s Raoul ly ht ging ti Java em v gieo trng ti ng Ym (Bn Ct). - Yersin ly ging Colombo em gieo trng ti vin Pasteur ti Sui Du (Nha Trang) nm 1899-1903

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Khai thc m cao su thin nhin Phng php co : - Co na vng : xon c na vng thn cy p dng cho cy tr - Co nguyn vng (Socfin) : xon c nguyn chu vi thn cy

p dng cho cy trng thnh

- Co 2 bn vng : xon c 2 na chu vi thn cy

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Khai thc m cao su thin nhin iu kin co - Vng thn >45cm, o cao 1m - 50% s cy t tiu chun - Rch 1 ng t tri sang phi, dc 30o

ng co m u tin

Vng v co V ang co Mng dn B mt v cy ca t co m u tin

ng co m cui cng ca thn cy

Chn hng m

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

V M N

CA CON Y

V CA N Y

LA MU Y

MU CAO SU

MU CAO SU

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

CAO SU TNG HP
Lch s : - T nhng nm 1890, nhu cu phi to cao su tng hp xut hin. - Nm 1879, Bouchardt ch to c mt loi cao su tng hp t phn ng trng hp isopren trong phng th nghim. - Cao su Styren-Butadien (cao su Buna S) l sn phm ng trng ngng ca butadien v styren, ngy nay, n chim mt na sn lng cao su tng hp ton cu.

CAO SU TNG HP :
nh ngha :
- L cht do c con ngi ch to vi chc nng l cht co gin - c to ra t phn ng trng ngng cc cu trc n bao gm : isopren (2-methyl-1, 3-butadien) 1,3-butadien, clopren (2-cloro-1,3butadien) isobutylen (methylpropen) vi mt lng nh phn trm isopren cho lin kt chui.

PHN B : CNG NGH CH BIN CAO SU THIN NHIN

M CAO SU THIN NHIN

Thnh phn Nc Cao su (C5H8)n Protid T l (%) 52 60 37 54 2 2,7

Glycerin
Glucid Lipid K, Mg, P, Ca,Cu,Fe,Mn,.

1,6 3,6
1,5 4,2 0,2 0,7

M CAO SU THIN NHIN

Khi qut :
- Latex : m cao su trng thi nm l lng trong dung dch cha nhiu cht v c v hu c.

Phn lng (serum): nc, mt s cht ha tan.Thay i tu ging, ma co, tui

Phn rn: gm m cao su, v cc ho cht khng tan to thnh th huyn ph l lng trong serum

PHN LOI M CAO SU THIN NHIN

CC VN XY RA I VI LATEX
Tnh n nh latex

4.7

CC VN XY RA I VI LATEX
S ng c : ng c t nhin ng c bng acid

ng c bng mui hay cht in gii, ng cbng cn/ aceton

ng c bng cch khuy trn, ng c bi nhit

CC LOI CAO SU THNH PHM

Cs t RSS (Ribbed smoked sheets): RSS1, RSS2, RSS3, RSS4, RSS5

Cs t ICR (Initial concentration rubber): ICR1,ICR2, ICR3, ICR4

Cs t ADS (Air Dried Sheets) Cs Crpe: Crepe trng , Crpe nu Cs cm bn SVR: SVR3L, SVR5, SVR CV50, SVR CV60, SVR10, SVR20 M c c

Cng ngh ch bin cao su thin nhin

Nguyn l chung

Qui trnh

S LC CC PP GIA CNG
Gia cng ha hc Gia cng c hc Gia cng nhit Cn, p, bao b, ng gi, bo qun

SN XUT M LATEX C C
Phng php lng: Do c s khc bit v khi lng ring gia phn kh (cao su) v serum nn c th p dng hin tng lng tch t nhin pha cao su, tuy nhin qu trnh ny xy ra chm.

 tng tc cho qu trnh lng tch phn lp ngi ta cho thm vo mt s loi hp cht c nhng tnh cht sau: Gim lc hp th gia lp v ca ht latex v nc trong serum. Lm tng khi lng ring pha serum nhm tng s khc nhau v khi lng ring.
Khng gy hin tng keo t trong qu trnh phi trn.

 Phng php bay hi t nhin:

- Dng cho keo dn cng nghip

- Phng php ny thng c s dng rng ri

- chng hin tng keo t do amoniac b bay hi,ngi ta thng cho thm vo dung dch KOH 5% v mui natri ca axit bo lm cht nh ha

 Phng php in gii :

Bnh in phn c 3 ngn, 2 ngn ba l 2 ngn cha in cc v cht in gii long (NH3).

 Cc phn t cao su trong m nc c

xu hng bm vo mng chn (mng bn thm Cellophan), v ng li to thnh mt lp cch in, khng cho ngun in i qua s dng o nghch chiu dng in cc ngn cc phn t cao su trc ra v ni ln

 Phng php kem ha: - Cho vo latex ti 1 cht gip hin tng ha thnh kem ca latex xy ra nhanh chng.Latex long b phn thnh 2 phn: phn di l serum khng c 1 lng cao su no phn trn l latex m c nh kem. - Nhng cht kem ha latex thng dng l DD alginal sodium, goml adragante agar-agar

 Phng php ly tm : L mt phng php c s dng nhiu nht. Da vo s khc bit gia t trng ca cc phn cao su v t trng ca serum.

 Phng php kt hp:

Ly tm + kem ho
Kem ho/ ly tm + bc hi

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t xng khi RSS (Ribbed smoked sheets) :

- Latex khi nh my c tip nhn, lc qua ry bng kim loi - Pha long : 12.5 15%
- lng trong khong 15 pht - nh ng bng acid acetic (CH3COOH) , hoc formic (HCOOH) c nng 2-5% w/v pH = 4.6- 4.9

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t xng khi RSS (Ribbed smoked sheets) :

- Cn : my cn nhiu trc t 1-2m2 (e=2.53.5mm) - Sy : G1 : 40-45oC G2 : 50-55oC G3 : 60-65oC

- ng dng : lm mt lp t, cc sn phm i hi tnh khng t cao, khng mn, cng nh cng cao .

Loi

M t CS kh sch, nguyn vn, xng khi u, khng b phng dp, khng ct sn, khng c ngoi vt C t vt mc kh rt nh trn bao b, khng xm nhp bn trong Khng c m hay sc b oxy ha, khng c t mng b qu nhit Khng m nhiu khi c, khng b chy xn CS kh sch, nguyn vn, xng khi u, khng b phng dp, khng ct sn, khng c ngoi vt <5% bnh ly mu c t nha v t mc kh bn trong Khng c m hay sc b oxy ha, khng c t mng b qu nhit Khng m nhiu khi c, khng b chy x Ging RSS2 nhng < 10% s bnh lymu

RSS1

RSS2

RSS3 RSS4 RSS5

Ging RSS3 nhng < 30% s bnh lymu C th chp nhn mt vi ngoi vt, bt kh, vt dc oxy ha, phng dp, m nhiu khi.nhng vi 1 mc nht nh
Di cc loi trn

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t ICR (Initial concentration rubber):

- SX t m nc khng pha long - nh ng trong khun hnh tr trn - Ct lng thnh tm e ~ 3-5mm, di 1-1.5m sau khi nh ng - Cn th, cn vn, cn ra - Treo ln goong, ro 2-5h
- Sy (iu kin ging RSS)

Loi Ch tiu Mu

ICR1

ICR2

ICR3

ICR4

Vng,trong, ng u Rt t, nh v phn tn

Vng,trong, ng u Nh v phn tn

Vng, trong ,t ng u Ln, d=0.5cm v phn tn

Khng ng u B phng dp nhiu

Bt kh

Tp cht
Trng thi cao su

Gn nh khng Rt t chm en C chm en c chm en nh nh, cch nhau 1cm Kh,chn u, khng chy dnh Kh, chn u, khng chy dnh Kh, chn u, khng chy dnh

C nhiu chm en

Chn u, hi chy dnh

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su ADS (Air Dried Sheets) : - Latex c dng phi rt t b oxy ho bi enzym cng t cng tt. - Dng natri sulfit (Na2SO3) bo qun vi lng 0.06% w/w trn cao su kh.
- Pha long xung DRC 15% - Thm dung dch natri meta-bisulfit 5% vi liu lng 0.04 % trn DRC

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su ADS (Air Dried Sheets) :
- Cn t 1/8inch

- Treo cho ro nc 2-4h

- Sy : 49-600C trong 4 ngy

- ng dng : ch to mt s sn phm c bit :ming m, nt knh np cc hp n v sn phm i hi cao su c tnh tinh khit cao v c mu sng .

SN XUT CAO SU KHI (CM,BN)

Cao su khi t latex (3L,CV,5) :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Cht lng m

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

X l m :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

nh ng :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

nh ng

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Cn ko (Crusher)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Cn p (Creper)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Bm tinh (Shredder)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Xp hc v ro

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Sy

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Cn v p bnh
Khi lng : 33 1/3 0.5kg

Di : 670 20mm
Rng : 330 20mm

Cao : 170 5mm

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T LATEX

Bao gi v xp kho

SN XUT CAO SU KHI (CM,BN)

Cao su khi t m ng ( SVR 10,20 ) :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI T M NG

Cht lng m ng v m chn

SN XUT CAO SU CREPE

Cao su Crepe trng : - Cao su crep trng (pale crep) v crep giy (sole crep) l nhng cao su cao cp - p ng c nhng tiu chun rt cht ch ca nh sn xut sn phm sau cng v mu sc - ng dng : l loi cao su rt kh ch bin nn dng trong cc sn phm c bit i hi tinh khit cao ,cng nh cc sn phm trng trong.

QUY TRNH SN XUT CAO SU CREPE TRNG

- Latex : c bo v mt cch tt nht. Dng Natri slufit lm cht chng ng, liu lng : 0.06% trn latex. - Pha long latex : DRC 20 25 %, dng thm Metabi-sulfit natri vi t l 0.05% trn DRC - Ty trng : trc y thng dng l RUPEPB 31(xylyl mercaptan) khong 0.1% trn cao su kh; hin nay rt kh tm.

QUY TRNH SN XUT CAO SU CREPE TRNG

- nh ng : dng DD acid formic ( 1% w/v) vi t l 3-4 ml/kg cao su kh . DD metabisulfit natri 1% w/v ph b mt khi ng - Cn khi ng : mt b my cn crep Ti thiu l 6 my , cn ti thiu 18 ln c dy sau cng l 1mm . - Sy : nhit thp khang 32oC (90oF ) , sy phng sy hoc qua ng sy bng g v sy trong khong 5- 6 ngy.

SN XUT CAO SU CREPE

Cao su Crepe nu : - Nguyn liu : Phn latex ng v qui tc bm dnh xng s ch + cn tha bn cha

- Ngm nc : 10-15h
- Cn : xut tm mng - Treo cao su trn gi ri lm kh nhit phng hay sy trong khng kh nng

CC YU T NH HNG N CHT LNG CAO SU

Hm lng cht bn Hm lng tro Hm lng cht bay hi Hm lng nit

do ban u P0
Ch s duy tr do PRI

Ch s mu Lovibond (knh mu chun Lovibond)

CC PHNG PHP KiM NGHIM

i vi m nc: xc nh hm lng cht kh (TSC%),hm lng CS kh (DRC%), hm lng amoniac trong m nc . i vi cao su khi: xc nh cht bn, hm lng tro, hm lng nit, cht bay hi, do ban u, ch s duy tr do PRI,ch s mu

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My ct ming

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My p ct th

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My bm

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My cn cao su

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My cn ct

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My trn m

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My la m

CC THIT B DNG TRONG CH BiN CAO SU

My bm cm

PHN C : CNG NGH CH BIN CAO SU TNG HP

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

Cao su SBR (styren-butaien): Tg= -54oC -64oC

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

Cao su NBR (nitril): Tg= -9oC -45oC

H2C

CH CH

CH2 m

CH2 CH

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

x

CN

Cao su IIR (butyl): Tg= -67oC -75oC

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

Cao su CR (clopren): Tg= -43oC -45oC

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

Cc phng php sn xut:
Cao su SBR NBR IIR CR Nh tng Dung dch Cation Anion ZN Huyn ph ZN

Mt s cao su tng hp quan trng

Quy trnh tng hp SBR:

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca cao su tng hp:

Lm da robot:

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca cao su tng hp:

Rn cao su - Anaconda :

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca cao su tng hp:

in thoi xanh ca tng lai - Nokia Morph:

Thank you!!
Merry Christmas & Happy New Year!

VIT NAM V CH