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Chuyn in phn Lp 12

B Cng Anh su tm
1
IN PHN
A. KIN THC C BN:
1. nh ngha s in phn: S in phn l qu trnh oxi ha - kh xy ra trn b mt in cc,
di tc dng ca dng in mt chiu chy qua cht in li trng thi nng chy hay dung
dch.
2. Phn ng oxi ha- kh xy ra in cc khi in phn:
a) Cation ( ion dng) v catot ( in cc m), ti cation nhn electron ( cht oxi ha) to ra
sn phm.
b) Anion (ion m) v anot ( in cc dng), ti anion nhng electron ( cht kh) to ra
sn phm.
Phn ng oxi ha - kh xy ra in cc l giai on quan trng nht, cn xc nh r ion no u
tin nhn hoc nhng electron v to ra sn phm g?
3. S oxi ho kh trn b mt in cc:
a) in phn cc cht nng chy ( mui, Al
2
O
3
)
catot: ion dng kim loi nhn electron.
anot: ion m nhng electron.
b) in phn dung dch:
Khi in phn dung dch c nhiu cht oxi ha v cht kh th xy ra s oxi ha kh ln lt
cc in cc theo th t u tin.
vit phng trnh in phn, cn xt ring r cc qu trnh xy ra catot v anot.
c) Th t nhn electron:
cc m c cc ion H
+
(H
2
O)

cation kim loi. Cation kim loi nhn electron theo th t u tin t sau
ra trc:
Li
+
, K
+
,Ba
2+
, Ca
2+
, Na
+
,Mg
2+
, Al
3+
, H
+
(H
2
O), Mn
2+
, Zn
2+
,Cr
3+
, Fe
2+
, Ni
2+
, Sn
2+
, Pb
2+
, H
+
(axit), Cu
2+
,
Fe
3+
,Hg
+
,Ag
+
, Hg
2+
,Pt
2+
,Au
3+

Sn phm to thnh: M
n+
+ ne M; 2H
+
( axit) + 2e H
2 |
;

2H
2
O + 2e H
2 |
+ 2OH
-
.
cc dng c cc anion v nhng ectron theo th t:
Cl
-
> Br
-
> S
2-
> CH
3
COO
-
> OH
-
> SO
4
2-
.
Sn phm to thnh: S
2-
- 2e S; 2O
2-
- 4e O
2
| ; 2Cl
-
- 2e Cl
2
| ; 2SO
4
2-
- 2e S
2
O
8
2-

2CH
3
COO
-
- 2e CH
3
CH
3
+ 2CO
2
; 2OH
-
(baz) 2e O
2
+ H
2
O; H
2
O

- 2e O
2
+ 2H
+
.
4. Hin tng dng cc tan:
Khi in phn dung dch mui trong nc, cc dng lm bng kim loi ca mui ha tan th cc
dng b n mn, gi l hin tng dng cc tan.
( Vt liu lm anot tr , khng b ha tan thng l: graphit, platin)
5. Tnh lng sn phm in phn thu c:
a) Tnh khi lng n cht:
p dng cng thc Faraday: m =
n
AIt
96500
hay s mol:
A
m
=
n
It
96500
.
b) Tnh khi lng hp cht:
Da vo cng thc Faraday tnh lng n cht trc ri suy ra lng hp cht bng phng trnh
in phn.
B. CC DNG TON THNG GP:
DNG 1: Vit phng trnh in phn, gii thch qu trnh in phn.
V d 1:Vit phng trnh in phn Al
2
O
3
nng chy vi in cc bng than ch.
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
2
Gii: Al
2
O
3

cao t
0
2Al
3+
+ 3O
2-
.
Catot: 2Al
3+
+ 6e 2A; Anot: 3O
2-
- 6e 3/2 O
2

Phng trnh in phn : Al
2
O
3

pnc
2Al + 3/2 O
2
.
Nu in cc bng than, anot: C + O
2
CO; CO
2
nn anot b n mn dn.
V d 2: Vit phng trnh in phn NaOH nng chy.
Gii: NaOH
cao t
0
Na
+
+ OH
-
.
Catot: Na
+
+ 1e Na; Anot: 2OH
-
- 2e H
2
O

+ O
2
.
Phng trnh in phn: 2NaOH
pnc
2Na + H
2
O|

+ O
2 |

V d 3: Gii thch qu trnh in phn dung dch CuSO
4
vi in cc bng Cu.
Gii: CuSO
4
Cu
2+
+ SO
4
2-
; H
2
O H
+
+ OH
-
.
Catot: Cu
2+
, H
+
(H
2
O). Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu;
Anot: SO
4
2-
, OH
-
( H
2
O).
H
2
O 2e O
2
+ 2H
+
;
Cu + O
2
CuO;
CuO + H
2
SO
4
CuSO
4
+ H
2
O.
Xy ra hin tng dng cc tan.
V d 4: Gii thch qu trnh in phn dung dch NiSO
4
vi anot tr.
Gii: NiSO
4
Ni
2+
+ SO
4
2-
; H
2
O H
+
+ OH
-
.
Catot: Ni
2+
, H
+
(H
2
O). Ni
2+
+ 2e Ni.
Anot: SO
4
2-
, OH
-
( H
2
O). H
2
O 2e O
2
+ 2H
+
;
Phng trnh in phn: NiSO
4
+ H
2
O

Ni + O
2
+ H
2
SO
4
.
V d 5: Cho dung dch ca hn hp NaCl v CuSO
4
.
a) Vit phng trnh in phn dung dch.
b) Gii thch ti sao dung dch sau in phn ha tan c Al
2
O
3
.
Gii:
a) NaCl Na
+
+ Cl
-
; CuSO
4
Cu
2+
+ SO
4
2-
; H
2
O H
+
+ OH
-
.
Catot: Cu
2+
, H
+
(H
2
O), Na
+
. Anot: Cl
-
, SO
4
2-
, OH
-
( H
2
O)
Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu 2Cl
-
- 2e Cl
2

Phng trnh in phn: 2NaCl + CuSO
4

pdd
Cu + Na
2
SO
4
+ Cl
2 |
.
b) Dung dch sau khi in phn ha tan Al
2
O
3
nn c hai kh nng xy ra:
* Khi in phn c CuSO
4
d:
CuSO
4
+ H
2
O
pdd
Cu + H
2
SO
4
+ O
2

Al
2
O
3
+ 3H
2
SO
4
Al
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ 3H
2
O
* Khi in phn c NaCl d:
2NaCl + 2H
2
O
pdd
2NaOH + Cl
2 |
+ H
2 |
Al
2
O
3
+ NaOH 2NaAlO
2
+ H
2
O.
DNG 2: Tnh khi lng kim loi v th tch cc cht kh thot ra in cc.
V d 6: in phn 200ml dung dch CuSO
4
vi cc in cc tr bng dng in mt chiu I = 9,65 A.
Khi th tch cc kh thot ra c hai in cc u bng 1,12 lt ( ktc) th ngng in phn. Kim loi
sinh ra bm vo catot c khi lng l:
A. 6,4 gam. B. 3,2 gam. C. 9,6 gam. D. 12,8 gam.
Gii: Phng trnh in phn CuSO
4
+ H
2
O
pdd
Cu + H
2
SO
4
+ O
2
(1).
Sau khi CuSO
4
b in phn ht, H
2
O b in phn:
- catot: 2H
+
+ 2e H
2 |
.
- anot: H
2
O 2e O
2|
+ 2H
+

Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
3
H
2
O
p
H
2 |
+ O
2 |
(2).
Theo bi ra: n(H
2
thot ra catot) = 1,12/22,4 = 0,05 (mol) n(O
2
thot ra anot trong (2)) = 0,025
n
Cu
( catot) = 2 n( O
2
thot ra anot trong (1)) = 2.(0,05 0,025) = 0,05 mol.
Vy: m
Cu
(catot) = 0,05.64 = 3,2 gam.
Chn p n B.
DNG 3: Tnh khi lng cc cht in phn.
V d 7: in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl
2
0,1M v NaCl 0,5M
(in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu
c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05. B. 2,70. C. 1,35. D. 5,40.
( Trch TSH B 2009)
Gii: n(CuCl
2
) = 0,05 (mol); n(NaCl) = 0,25 (mol).
Phng trnh in phn: 2NaCl + CuSO
4

pdd
Cu + Na
2
SO
4
+ Cl
2 |
(1).
Mol: 0,1 0,05 0,05
Thi gian in phn (1) l t
1
= 96500.2.0,05/ 5 = 1930 giy.
Sau phn ng d NaCl: n(NaCl d) = 0,15 mol.
2NaCl + 2H
2
O
pdd
2NaOH + Cl
2 |
+ H
2 |
(2)
Al + H
2
O + NaOH NaAlO
2
+ 3/2 H
2 |
. (3)
Thi gian in phn (2) l t
2
= 3860 1930 = 1930 giy n
NaOH
(2) =2n
H2
=
96500
1930 . 5
= 0,1 mol
Vy m = 0,1.27 = 2,7 gam.
Chn p n B.
V d 8: in phn nng chy Al
2
O
3
vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%) thu c m kg Al
catot v 67,2 m
3
( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp
kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 108,0. B. 75,6. C. 54,0. D. 67,5.
( Trch TSH B 2009)
Gii: Al
2
O
3

cao t
0
2Al
3+
+ 3O
2-
.
Catot: 2Al
3+
+ 6e 2A; Anot: 3O
2-
- 6e 3/2 O
2

Phng trnh in phn : Al
2
O
3

pnc
2Al + 3/2 O
2
(1).
Nu in cc bng than, anot: C + O
2
CO; CO
2
(2) nn anot b n mn dn.
Hn hp kh X gm CO v CO
2
,O
2
(d) vi tng s mol l 67,2.1000/22,4 = 3000 (mol).
CO
2
+ Ca(OH)
2
CaCO
3 +
+ H
2
O (3)
Trong 2,24 lt (0,1 mol) hn hp X:
n
CO2
(3) = n
CaCO3
=2/100 = 0,02 (mol) n
CO
= 0,06 (mol); n
O2
= 0,02 (mol) .
Hn hp X gm n
CO2
=n
O2
(d)= 600 mol; n
CO
= 1800mol n
O2
(1) = 600+600+ 900 = 2100 (mol)
n
Al
= 4/3.2100 = 2800 (mol).
Vy m = 2800.27 = 75600 gam = 75,6kg.
Chn p n B.
DNG 4: Tnh khi lng dung dch v nng dung dch cc cht sau in phn.
V d 9: in phn 200ml dung dch NaCl 1M ( d = 1,15 g/ml) c mng ngn xp.Sau khi thu c
1,12 lit kh ( ktc) thot ra catot th ngng in phn.Tnh nng % cc cht trong dung dch sau
in phn.
Gii: Phng trnh in phn: 2NaCl + 2H
2
O
pdd
2NaOH + Cl
2 |
+ H
2 |
(1)
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
4
H
2
O
pddNaOH
H
2 |
+ O
2 |
(2)
Gi s ch c phn ng (1) xy ra v NaCl in phn ht: n
Cl2
= n
H2
= n
NaCl
= 0,1 mol.
Theo bi th n
Cl2
= n
H2
= 0,05 (mol)< 0,1 (mol) phn ng (1) cha hon thnh v khng xy ra
phn ng (2).Dung dch sau in phn gm: 0,1 mol NaOH v 0,1 mol NaCl (d).
Tng khi lng dung dch sau in phn: m = 1,15.200 0,05(71+2) = 226,35 (gam).
Vy: C%(NaOH) = 4/226,35 = 1,767%. C%(NaCl) = 5,85/226,35 = 2,584%.
V d 10: in phn 200ml dung dch NaCl 1M c mng ngn xp. sau khi thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc)
thot ra catot th ngng in phn. Tnh nng mol ca cc cht trong dung dch sau in phn
(Coi th tch dung dch khng i).
Gii: Xy ra hai qu trnh nh VD9. Dung dch sau in phn ch c 0,2 mol NaOH.
Vy C
M
(NaOH) = 0,2/ 0,2 = 1(M).

C. CU HI V BI TP TRC NGHIM T GII:
Cu 1: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca
chng l: ( Trch TSH A 2009)
A. Fe, Cu, Ag. B. Mg, Zn, Cu. C. Al, Fe, Cr. D. Ba, Ag, Au.
Cu 2: in phn dung dch cha a mol CuSO
4
v b mol NaCl (vi in cc tr, c mng ngn xp).
dung dch sau in phn lm phenolphtalein chuyn sang mu hng th iu kin ca a v b l:

A. 2b = a. B. b < 2a. C. b = 2a. D. b > 2a.
Cu 3: Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php:
A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc.
B. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc.
C. in phn dung dch NaNO
3
, khng c mn ngn in cc.
D. in phn NaCl nng chy.
Cu 4: Cho cc ion: Na
+
, Al
3+
, Ca
2+
, Cl
-
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
. Cc ion khng b in phn khi trng thi
dung dch l:
A. Na
+
, Al
3+
, SO
4
2-
, NO
3
-
. B. Na
+
, Al
3+
, SO
4
2-
, Cl
-
.
C. Na
+
, Al
3+
, Cl
-
, NO
3
-
. D. Al
3+
, Cu
2+
, Cl
-
, NO
3
-
.
Cu 5: in phn ( in cc tr, c mng ngn xp) mt dung dch c cha cc cation: Fe
2+
, Fe
3+
,
Cu
2+
. Th t xy ra s kh catot l:
A. Fe
2+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
3+
. B. Fe
3+
, Cu
2+
, Fe
2+
. C. Fe
3+
, Fe
2+
, Cu
2+
. D. Fe
2+
, Fe
3+
,Cu
2+
.
Cu 6: in phn ( in cc tr, c mng ngn xp) mt dung dch c cha cc anion: S
2-
, SO
2-
. Th
t xy ra s oxi ha anot l:
A. S
2-
, OH
-
, SO
4
2-
. B. S
2-
, SO
4
2-
, OH
-
. C. OH
-
, S
2-
, SO
4
2-
. D. OH
-
, SO
2-
, S
2-
.
Cu 7: Cho cc dung dch ring bit sau: KCl, NaCl, CaCl
2
, Na
2
SO
4
, ZnSO
4
, H
2
SO
4
, KNO
3
, AgNO
3
,
NaOH. Dung dch khi in phn thc cht ch l in phn nc l:
A. NaOH, NaCl, ZnSO
4
, KNO
3
, AgNO
3
. B. NaOH, Na
2
SO
4
, H
2
SO
4
, KNO
3
, CaCl
2
.
C. NaOH, Na
2
SO
4
, H
2
SO
4
, KNO
3
. D. Na
2
SO
4
, KNO
3
, KCl.
Cu 8: Khi in phn dung dch NaCl ( in cc tr, khng c mng ngn xp) th sn phm thu c
gm:
A. H
2
, Cl
2
, NaOH. B. H
2
, Cl
2
, nc Javen.
C. H
2
, nc Javen. D. H
2
,Cl
2
, NaOH, nc Javen.
Cu 9: Cho cc dung dch: KCl, NaCl, CaCl
2
, Na
2
SO
4
, ZnSO
4
, H
2
SO
4
, KNO
3
, AgNO
3
, NaOH. Sau khi
in phn, cc dung dch cho mi trng baz l:
A. KCl, KNO
3
, NaCl, Na
2
SO
4
. B. KCl, NaCl, CaCl
2
, NaOH.
C. NaCl, CaCl
2
, NaOH, H
2
SO
4.
D. NaCl, NaOH, ZnSO
4
, AgNO
3
.
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
5
Cu 10: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Khi in phn cc cht nng chy th catot cc cation kim loi nhn electron.
B. Khi in phn cc cht nng chy th anot cc anion nhng electron.
C. Khi in phn th trn cc b mt in cc xy ra qu trnh oxi ha kh.
D. Khi in phn cc dung dch mui trong nc th cc dng b n mn.
Cu 11: in phn 200ml dung dch CuSO
4
nng x M (in cc tr). Sau mt thi gian th thy
khi lng dung dch gim 8 gam v lm kt ta ht ion Cu
2+
cn d trong dung dch cn dng
100ml dung dch NaOH 0,5 M. Gi tr ca x l:
A. 0,5. B. 1,0. C. 1,5. D. Kt qu khc.
Cu 12: in phn dung dch cha NaOH 0,01M v dung dch Na
2
SO
4
0,01M. Th tch dung dch
trong qu trnh in phn thay i khng ng k. pH ca dung dch sau in phn l:
A. 2. B. 8. C. 10. D. 12.
Cu 13: in phn 400ml dung dch AgNO
3
0,2M v Cu(NO
3
)
2
0,1M ( h= 100%, in cc Pt) vi
cng dng in I = 10A. Sau thi gian t giy th ngng in phn, khi lng Cu thot ra bm
vo catot l 1,28 gam. Gi tr ca t l:
A. 1158. B. 2316. C. 9650. D. 4825.
Cu 14: in phn dung dch NaOH vi cng dng in l I = 10A trong thi gian 268 giy. Sau
khi in phn cn li 100 gam dung dch NaOH 24%. Nng % ca dung dch NaOH trc khi in
phn l:
A. 20. B. 25. C. 16. D. Kt qu khc.
Cu 15: in phn 500ml dung dch AgNO
3
0,1M v Cu(NO
3
)
2
0,2M ( in cc platin) vi cng
dng in I = 10 A.Dung dch sau in phn c [H
+
] = 0,16M.Gi s hiu sut in phn l 100% v
th tch dung dch khng thay i. Nng mol ca mui nitrat trong dung dch sau in phn l:
A. 0,2M. B. 0,3M. C. 0,1M. D. 0,17M.
D. PIN IN V IN PHN TRONG H & C
L THUYT
Cu 1: Dy gm cc kim loi c iu ch trong cng nghip bng phng php in phn hp cht nng
chy ca chng, l :
A. Na, Ca, Al B. Na, Ca, Zn C. Na, Cu, Al D. Fe, Ca, Al
Cu 2: Trong pin in ha Zn-Cu, qu trnh kh trong pin l
A. Zn Zn
2+
+ 2e. B. Cu Cu
2+
+ 2e. C. Zn
2+
+ 2e Zn. D. Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu.
Cu 3: Cho cc cp kim loi nguyn cht tip xc trc tip vi nhau: Fe v Pb; Fe v Zn; Fe v Sn; Fe v Ni.
Khi nhng cc cp kim loi trn vo dung dch axit, s cp kim lai trong Fe b ph hy trc l:
A. 4. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3.
Cu 4: Trong cng nghip, natri hiroxit c sn xut bng phng php
A. in phn dung dch NaCl, khng c mng ngn in cc.
B. in phn dung dch NaNO3, khng c mng ngn in cc.
C. in phn dung dch NaCl, c mng ngn in cc.
D. in phn NaCl nng chy.
Cu 5: Tin hnh bn th nghim sau:
- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch FeCl
3
;
- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO
4
;
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
6
- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch FeCl
3
;
- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh Fe tip xc vi thanh Cu ri nhng vo dung dch HCl.
S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 6: Cho sut in ng chun E
o
ca cc pin in ho: E
o
(Cu-X) = 0,46V; E
o
(Y-Cu) = 1,1V; E
o
(Z-Cu) =
0,47V (X, Y, Z l ba kim loi). Dy cc kim loi xp theo chiu tng dn tnh kh t tri sang phi l
A. Z, Y, Cu, X. B. X, Cu, Z, Y. C. Y, Z, Cu, X. D. X, Cu, Y, Z.
H V C NM 2008
Cu 7: Cho phn ng ha hc: Fe + CuSO
4
FeSO
4
+ Cu.
Trong phn ng trn xy ra
A. s kh Fe
2+
v s oxi ha Cu. B. s kh Fe
2+
v s kh Cu
2+
.
C. s oxi ha Fe v s oxi ha Cu. D. s oxi ha Fe v s kh Cu
2+
.
Cu 8: Hai kim loi c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch l
A. Al v Mg. B. Na v Fe. C. Cu v Ag. D. Mg v Zn.
Cu 9: Cho bit phn ng oxi ho - kh xy ra trong pin in ho Fe Cu l: Fe + Cu
2+
Fe
2+
+ Cu ;
E
0
(Fe
2+
/Fe) = 0,44 V, E
0
(Cu
2+
/Cu) = + 0,34 V. Sut in ng chun ca pin in ho Fe - Cu l
A. 1,66 V. B. 0,10 V. C. 0,78 V. D. 0,92 V.
Cu 10: Khi in phn NaCl nng chy (in cc tr), ti catt xy ra
A. s kh ion Na+. B. s oxi ho ion Cl-. C. s oxi ho ion Na+. D. s kh ion Cl-.
Cu 11: Bit rng ion Pb
2+
trong dung dch oxi ha c Sn. Khi nhng hai thanh kim loi Pb v Sn c ni
vi nhau bng dy dn in vo mt dung dch cht in li th
A. ch c Sn b n mn in ho. B. ch c Pb b n mn in ho.
C. c Pb v Sn u khng b n mn in ho. D. c Pb v Sn u b n mn in ho.
Cu 12: Tin hnh bn th nghim sau:
- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch FeCl
3
;
- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch CuSO
4
;
- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch FeCl
3
;
- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh Fe tip xc vi thanh Cu ri nhng vo dung dch HCl.
S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 1. B. 2. C. 4. D. 3.
Cu 13: Cho hn hp bt Al, Fe vo dung dch cha Cu(NO
3
)
2
v AgNO
3
. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton, thu c hn hp rn gm ba kim loi l:
A. Fe, Cu, Ag. B. Al, Cu, Ag. C. Al, Fe, Cu. D. Al, Fe, Ag.
Cu 14: Cho cc hp kim sau: Cu-Fe (I); Zn Fe (II); Fe-C (III); Sn-Fe (IV). Khi tip xc vi dung dch cht
in li th cc hp kim m trong Fe u b n mn trc l:
A. I, II v III. B. I, II v IV. C. I, III v IV. D. II, III v IV.
H V C NM 2009 - 2010
Cu 15: Cho hn hp gm Fe v Zn vo dung dch AgNO
3
n khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
dung dch X gm hai mui v cht rn Y gm hai kim loi. Hai mui trong X l
A. Fe(NO
3
)
2
v AgNO
3
. B. AgNO
3
v Zn(NO
3
)
2
.
C. Zn(NO
3
)
2
v Fe(NO
3
)
2
. D. Fe(NO
3
)
3
v Zn(NO
3
)
2
.
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
7
Cu 16: Dy cc kim loi u c th c iu ch bng phng php in phn dung dch mui ca chng
l:
A. Ba, Ag, Au. B. Fe, Cu, Ag. C. Al, Fe, Cr. D. Mg, Zn, Cu.
Cu 17: C 4 dung di ch ring bi t : CuSO
4
, ZnCl
2
, FeCl
3
, AgNO
3
. Nhng vo mi dung dch mt thanh
Ni. S tr

ng h p xu t hi n n mo

n i n hoa

la


A. 1 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2
Cu 18: Phn ng in phn dung dch CuCl
2
(vi in cc tr) v phn ng n mn in ha xy ra khi
nhng hp kim Zn-Cu vo dung dch HCl c c im l:
A. Phn ng xy ra lun km theo s pht sinh dng in.
B. u sinh ra Cu cc m.
C. Phn ng cc m c s tham gia ca kim loi hoc ion kim loi.
D. Phn ng cc dng u l s oxi ha Cl
-
.
Cu 19: in phn (vi in cc tr) mt dung dch gm NaCl v CuSO
4
c cng s mol, n khi catot xut
hin bt kh th dng in phn. Trong c qu trnh in phn trn, sn phm thu c anot l
A. kh Cl
2
v O
2
. B. kh H
2
v O
2
. C. ch c kh Cl
2
. D. kh Cl
2
v H
2
.
Cu 20: Cho bi t th

t t

tra

i sang pha

i cu

a ca

c c p oxi hoa

- kh

trong da

y i n hoa

(dy th in cc
chu n) nh sau : Zn
2+
/Zn ; Fe
2+
/Fe; Cu
2+
/Cu; Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
; Ag
+
/Ag
Cc kim loi v ion u ph n

ng c v

i ion Fe
2+
trong dung di ch la

A. Zn, Cu
2+
B. Ag, Fe
3+
C. Ag, Cu
2+
D. Zn, Ag
+
Cu 21: Cho 29,8 gam hn hp bt gm Zn v Fe vo 600 ml dung dch CuSO
4
0,5M. Sau khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X v 30,4 gam hn hp kim loi. Phn trm v khi lng ca Fe
trong hn hp ban u l
A. 56,37% B. 37,58% C. 64,42% D. 43,62%
Cu 22: in phn dung dch CuSO
4
vi anot bng ng (anot tan) v in phn dung dch CuSO
4
vi anot
bng graphit (in cc tr) u c c im chung l
A. catot xy ra s oxi ha: 2H
2
O +2e 2OH

+H
2

B. anot xy ra s kh: 2H
2
O O
2
+ 4H
+
+4e
C. anot xy ra s oxi ha: Cu Cu
2+
+2e
D. catot xy ra s kh: Cu
2+
+ 2e Cu
Cu 23: Khi in phn dung dch NaCl (cc m bng st, cc dng bng than ch, c mng ngn xp)
th:
A. cc dng xy ra qu trinh oxi ha ion Na
+
v cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Cl
-
.
B. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh H
2
O v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ha Cl
-
.
C. cc m xy ra qu trnh oxi ha H
2
O v cc dng x ra qu trnh kh ion Cl
-
.
D. cc m xy ra qu trnh kh ion Na
+
v cc dng xy ra qu trnh oxi ha ion Cl
-
.
Cu 24: Trong qu trnh hot ng ca pin in ha Zn Cu th
A. khi lng ca in cc Zn tng. B. nng ca ion Cu
2+
trong dung dch tng.
C. nng ca ion Zn
2+
trong dung dch tng. D. khi lng ca in cc Cu gim.
Cu 25: Cho gi tr th in cc chun ca mt s cp oxi ha - kh:
E
o
2
M
M
+
= -2,37; E
o

2
X
X
+
= -0,76; E
0

2
Y
Y
+
= -0,13; E
0
2
Z
Z
+
= +0,34
Phn ng no sau y xy ra?
A. X + Z
2+
X
2+
+ Z B. X + M
2+
X
2+
+ M
C. Z + Y
2+
Z
2+
+ Y D. Z + M
2+
Z
2+
+ M
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
8
BI TP
Cu 26: Tin hnh hai th nghim sau:
- TN 1: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V
1
lt dung dch Cu(NO
3
)
2
1M;
- TN 2: Cho m gam bt Fe (d) vo V
2
lt dung dch AgNO
3
0,1M.
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, khi lng cht rn thu c hai th nghim u bng nhau. Gi tr
ca V
1
so vi V
2
l
A. V
1
= V
2
. B. V
1
= 10V
2
. C. V
1
= 5V
2
. D. V
1
= 2V
2
.
Cu 27: Cho mt lng bt Zn vo dung dch X gm FeCl
2
v CuCl
2
. Khi lng cht rn sau khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton nh hn khi lng bt Zn ban u l 0,5 gam. C cn phn dung dch sau phn ng
thu c 13,6 gam mui khan. Tng khi lng cc mui trong X l
A. 13,1 gam. B. 17,0 gam. C. 19,5 gam. D. 14,1 gam.---------------------
Cu 28: Cho hn hp gm 1,2 mol Mg v x mol Zn vo dung dch cha 2 mol Cu
2+
v 1 mol Ag
+
n khi cc
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c mt dung dch cha 3 ion kim loi. Trong cc gi tr sau y, gi tr
no ca x tha mn trng hp trn?
A. 1,5 B. 1,8 C. 2,0 D. 1,2
Cu 29: Cho sut in ng chun ca cc pin in ha: Zn-Cu l 1,1 V; Cu-Ag l 0,46 V. Bit th in cc
chun
0
/
0,8
Ag Ag
E V
+
= + . Th din cc chun
2
0
/ Zn Zn
E
+
v
2
0
/ Cu Cu
E
+
c gi tr ln lt l
A. +1,56 V v +0,64 V B. 1,46 V v 0,34 V
C. 0,76 V v + 0,34 V D. 1,56 V v +0,64 V
Cu 30: in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl
2
0,1M v NaCl 0,5M (in cc
tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in
phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al. Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05 B. 2,70 C. 1,35 D. 5,40
Cu 31: in phn nng chy Al
2
O
3
vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%) thu c m kg Al catot
v 67,2 m
3
( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X sc
vo dung dch nc vi trong (d) thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 54,0 B. 75,6 C. 67,5 D. 108,0
Cu 32: Cho cc th in cc chun :
0 0 0
3 2 2
Al /Al Zn / Zn Pb /Pb
E 1, 66V; E 0, 76V; E 0,13V
+ + +
= = = ;
0
2
Cu /Cu
E 0, 34V
+
= + . Trong cc pin sau y, pin no c sut in ng chun ln nht?
Cu 33: Nhng mt thanh st nng 100 gram vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO
3
)
2
0,2M v AgNO
3

0,2M. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra, ra sch lm kh cn c 101,72 gam (gi thit cc kim
loi to thnh u bm ht vo thanh st). Khi lng st phn ng l
A. 2,16 gam B. 0,84 gam C. 1,72 gam D. 1,40 gam
Cu 34: Cho cc th in cc chun :
0 0 0
3 2 2
Al /Al Zn / Zn Pb /Pb
E 1, 66V; E 0, 76V; E 0,13V
+ + +
= = = ;
0
2
Cu /Cu
E 0, 34V
+
= + . Trong cc pin sau y, pin no c sut in ng chun ln nht?
A. Pin Zn - Pb B. Pin Pb - Cu C. Pin Al - Zn D. Pin Zn - Cu
Cu 35: Cho 19,3 gam h n h p b t Zn va

Cu co

ti

l mol tng

ng la

1 : 2 vo dung dch cha 0,2 mol


Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
. Sau khi ca

c pha

ng xa

y ra hoa

n toa

n , thu c m gam kim loa i . Gi tr ca m l


A. 6,40 B. 16,53 C. 12,00 D. 12,80
Chuyn in phn Lp 12
B Cng Anh su tm
9
Cu 36: i n phn (v

i i n c c tr ) 200 ml dung di ch CuSO


4
n ng x mol/l, sau m t th

i gian thu
c dung di ch Y v n co

n ma

u xanh , c khi lng gim 8g so v

i dung di ch ban u . Cho 16,8g


b t Fe va

o Y, sau khi ca

c pha

ng xa

y ra hoa

n toa

n, thu c 12,4g kim loa i. Gi tr ca x l


A. 2,25 B. 1,5 C. 1,25 D. 3,25
Cu 37: Cho bit
2
o
Mg /Mg
E
+
= 2,37V;
2
o
Zn / Zn
E
+
= 0,76V;
2
o
Pb /Pb
E
+
= 0,13V;
2
o
Cu /Cu
E
+
= +0,34V.
Pin in ha c sut in ng chun bng 1,61V c cu to bi hai cp oxi ha-kh.
A. Pb
2+
/Pb v Cu
2+
/Cu B. Zn
2+
/Zn v Pb
2+
/Pb
C. Zn
2+
/Zn v Cu
2+
/Cu D. Mg
2+
/Mg v Zn
2+
/Zn
Cu 38: Cho bit cc phn ng xy ra sau: 2FeBr
2
+ Br
2
2FeBr
3
2NaBr + Cl
2
2NaCl + Br
2

Pht biu ng l:
A. Tnh kh ca Cl
-
mnh hn ca Br
-
. B. Tnh oxi ha ca Br
2
mnh hn ca Cl
2
.
C. Tnh kh ca Br
-
mnh hn ca Fe
2+
. D. Tnh oxi ha ca Cl
2
mnh hn ca Fe
3+
.
H V C NM 2011
Cu 39: Ha tan 13,68 gam mui MSO
4
vo nc c dung dch X. in phn X (vi in cc tr,
cng dng in khng i) trong thi gian t giy, c y gam kim loi M duy nht catot v
0,035 mol kh anot. Cn nu thi gian in phn l 2t giy th tng s mol kh thu c c hai
in cc l 0,1245 mol. Gi tr ca y l
A. 4,480. B. 3,920. C. 1,680. D. 4,788.
Cu 40: in phn dung dch gm 7,45 gam KCl v 28,2 gam Cu(NO
3
)
2
(in cc tr, mng ngn xp)
n kh khi lng dung dch gim i 10,75 gam th ngng in phn (gi thit lng nc bay hi
khng ng k). Tt c cc cht tan trong dung dch sau in phn l
A. KNO
3
v KOH. B. KNO
3
, KCl v KOH.
C. KNO
3
v Cu(NO
3
)
2
. D. KNO
3
, HNO
3
v Cu(NO
3
)
2
.
Cu 41: Cho 2,7 gam hn hp bt X gm Fe v Zn tc dng vi dung dch CuSO
4
. Sau mt thi gian,
thu c dung dch Y v 2,84 gam cht rn Z. Cho ton b Z vo dung dch H
2
SO
4
(long, d). Sau
khi cc phn ng kt thc th khi lng cht rn gim 0,28 gam v dung dch thu c ch cha mt
mui duy nht. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong X l:
A. 58,52% B. 51,85% C. 48,15% D. 41,48%
Cu 42: Cho m gam bt Cu vo 400 ml dung dch AgNO
3
0,2M, sau mt thi gian phn ng thu c
7,76 gam hn hp cht rn X v dung dch Y. Lc tch X, ri thm 5,85 gam bt Zn vo Y, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c 10,53 gam cht rn Z. Gi tr ca m l
A. 3,84 B. 6,40 C. 5,12 D. 5,76
Cu 43: in phn 500 ml dung dch CuSO
4
O,2M (in cc tr) cho n khi catot thu c 3,2 gam
kim loi th th tch kh (ktc) thu c anot l:
A. 3,36 lt B. 1,12 lt C. 0,56 lt D. 2,24 lt

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