HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG ----------------------------------------

o Th Hng Xim

NGHIN CU NG DNG CC GIAO THC V CNG NGH TRUYN D LIU TRN MNG MY TNH KHNG DY MT LI

Chuyn ngnh: Truyn d liu v Mng my tnh M s: 60.48.15

TM TT LUN VN THC S

H NI 2011

M U Cc dch v s dng mng my tnh khng dy ang bng n v tr thnh mt phn khng th thiu trong h thng cung cp dch v trn mng th h k tip. Chnh v vy, s hnh thnh v pht trin mnh m ca cc cng ngh khng dy mi trong thi gian gn y v ang thu ht nhiu s quan tm nghin cu ca rt nhiu cc t chc cng nh cc trung tm trin khai th nghim. Trong n lc chun ha cc h thng v tm kim cc gii php kt ni, nng cao hiu nng mng, t chc IEEE hnh thnh mt s nhm dnh ring pht trin lnh vc WMN (Wireless Mesh Network) nh: IEEE 802.11s - Mng khng dy cc b WLAN, 802.15.5 - Mng khng dy c nhn WPAN Wireless Personal Area NetworkWMN c th c ng dng cho nhiu kiu h tng mng khng dy khc nhau v mt trong s l mng khng dy cc b WLAN. Vi cc c tnh th mnh ca mng hnh li khng dy WMN nh tnh t cu hnh, t t chc nhm to ra cc hnh thi ty bin duy tr kt ni. Cc ng dng ca mng WMN c th to ra min ng dng rng ri nh: mng truy nhp bng rng, mng cng ng, mng doanh nghip, h tr cc h thng an ninh, y t, v.v. Gii php xy dng cc mng my tnh khng dy bng cng ngh WMN s a ti nhiu ng dng thc tin phc v i sng ca con ngi. Chng 1 - GIAO THC TRUYN D LIU TRN MNG MY TNH KHNG DY (802.11) 1.1. Gii thiu chung Mng WLAN l mt h thng thng tin lin lc d liu linh hot c thc hin nh phn m rng, hoc thay th cho mng LAN hu tuyn trong nh hoc trong cc c quan. S dng sng in t, mng WLAN truyn v nhn d liu qua khong khng, ti gin nhu cu cho cc kt ni hu tuyn. 1.2. Kin trc IEEE 802.11 1.2.1. Cc thnh phn chnh trong mng my tnh khng dy (802.11) My trm (Station): STA - Station l cc trm thu/pht sng bao gm cc thit b khng dy kt ni. H thng phn tn (Distribution System): c nhim v kt hp vi cc BSS mt cch thng sut to thnh mng logic v cc BSS ny c th trao i thng tin vi nhau. im truy cp (Access Point): l thit b khng dy, ng vai tr c trong vic truyn v nhn d liu mng. Phng tin truyn dn khng dy (Wireless medium) 1.2.2. Cc ch hot ng

1.2.2.1. Ch kt ni vi h tng (BSS, ESS) Basic Service Set Khi mt AP c kt ni vi mng c dy v mt tp cc my trm khng dy, cu hnh ny c gi l Basic Service Set (BSS). BSS s dng ch c s h tng (infrastructure), l ch yu cu s dng mt AP v tt c cc qu trnh trao i thng tin u phi i qua AP, cc client khng th giao tip trc tip vi nhau. Extended Service Set Mt ESS c nh ngha bao gm 2 hoc nhiu BSS c kt ni vi nhau thng qua mt h thng phn tn (Distributed System) chung. Mt ESS phi c t nht 2 AP hot ng trong ch Infrastructure. 1.2.2.2. Ch Ad-hoc (IBSS) Mt IBSS (Independent Basic Service Set) cn c gi l mng Ad-hoc. Mng Ad-hoc khng c AP hay bt k truy cp no khc vo h thng phn tn. Cc client trong IBSS thay phin nhau nhn trch nhim truyn Beacon. truyn d liu ra khi mt IBSS th mt trong cc my trm trong IBSS phi hot ng nh l mt gateway, hay router bng cch s dng mt gii php phn mm cho mc ch ny. 1.3. Quy trnh truyn d liu trong 802.11 1.3.1. Qut tm thit b (Scanning) 1.3.1.1. Qut ch ng (Active Scanning) Qut ch ng l qu trnh gi Probe Request frame t my trm. Probe Request frame s cha gi tr SSID ca mng m chng mun tham gia vo hoc c th l mt Broadcast SSID. Nu Probe Request c gi xc nh mt SSID c th th AP no c gi tr SSID trng vi n s tr li li bng mt Probe Response frame. Nu Probe Request frame c gi vi gi tr Broadcast SSID th tt c AP nhn c frame ny s tr li li bng mt Probe Response frame. 1.3.1.2. Qut b ng (Passive Scanning) Qut b ng l tin trnh lng nghe beacon trn mi knh trong mt khong thi gian nh trc sau khi my trm c khi to. Nhng Beacon ny c gi bi AP (trong mng Infrastructure) hay cc trm client (trong mng Ad-Hoc), trm ang qut s thc hin phn loi cc c im ca AP hay trm client da trn cc beacon ny. Client s lng nghe cc beacon cho n khi chng tm c mng m chng mong mun. Sau , my trm s c gng tham gia vo mng thng qua AP gi beacon cho n. 1.3.2. Gia nhp mng (Joining) Khi mt my trm mun truy cp mt mng hin hu, n cn c thng tin ng b t AP. My trm nhn thng tin ny theo mt trong hai cch l qut b ng hoc qut ch ng. Sau khi trm tm thy mt im truy cp, n s thc hin bc tip theo l xc thc (authentication).

1.3.3. Xc thc (Authentication) Xc thc l qu trnh trong cc nt khng dy (PC card, USB client) s c chng thc bi mng (thng thng l AP) khi chng mun kt ni vi mng. My trm bt u tin trnh xc thc bng cch gi mt Authentication Request frame n AP. AP s chp nhn (accept) hoc t chi (deny) li yu cu ny, sau bo cho my trm bit quyt nh ca n bng cch gi mt Authentication Response frame. 1.3.4. Kt ni (Association) Trng thi c kt ni l trng thi trong my trm c cho php truyn d liu thng qua AP. Ch rng khi ni ti kt ni, ta ang ni ti kt ni layer 2. My trm mun kt ni vo mng, n s gi mt Authentication Request frame n AP v nhn tr li mt Authentication Response frame. Sau khi authentication c hon thnh, station s gi mt Association Request frame n AP v AP s tr li li cho client mt Association Response frame trong cho php hoc khng cho php kt ni. 1.3.5. nh tuyn (Routing) 1.3.5.1. nh tuyn theo bng Cc giao thc nh tuyn theo bng s dng phng php trn lt qung b

thng tin ti cc thit b. Phng php ny cho php thi gian thit lp ng nhanh da trn cc tham s gi ti thit b sn sng cho kt ni. OLSR v DSDV l hai v d ca giao thc nh tuyn theo bng. 1.3.5.2. nh tuyn theo yu cu Cc giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu thit lp tuyn da theo tng yu cu kt ni. Phng php ny hn ch c thng tin tiu chn ng, nhng nhc im c bn l gy tr ln cho cc khung truyn dn v thi gian chn ng dn chm. AODV v DSR l giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu. 1.3.5.3. nh tuyn lai ghp Khi kch thc mng tng cng ng ngha vi s suy gim hiu nng mng do hin tng tr ca th tc nh tuyn v truyn khung tin tng ln rt ln nu s dng giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu. Giao thc nh tuyn lai ghp s gii quyt vn trn bng vic kt hp li th ca nh tuyn theo bng v nh tuyn theo yu cu. 1.4. Roaming 1.4.1. Gii thiu Roaming Roaming l mt tin trnh hay kh nng ca mt wireless client di chuyn thng sut t mt cell (hay BSS) ny n mt cell khc m khng mt kt ni. 1.4.2. Chun 802.11f Inter AP Protocol

Chun 802.11f cn c gi l Inter-AP Protocol (IAPP). Chun ny cho php mt AP c th pht hin c s hin din ca cc AP khc cng nh cho php AP chuyn giao client sang AP mi (lc roaming. 1.4.3. Chun 802.11r Fast Secure Roaming Chun 802.11r c gi l Fast Basic Service Set Transition cho php ni tip tn hiu din ra trong 50. Mc ch ca 802.11r l gim ti mc ti thiu thi gian m client mt kt ni ti h thng phn tn DS. 1.4.4. Gii php roaming ca Cisco v Aruba 1.4.4.1. Cisco Thut ton qut knh ca Cisco bao gm: S dng thng tin t client kt ni, mt AP xy dng mt danh sch cc AP lin k v cc knh m cc AP ang s dng. AP lu tr c ti a 30 AP lin k. Khi mt client kt ni ti mt AP, AP c kt ni s gi danh sch AP lin k ti client vi mt gi tin unicast. Trong Fast Roaming, client gi hoc nhn mt gi tin unicast trong khong thi gian 500ms: Client qut cc knh m n bit l mt AP lin k. Nu khng c AP no c tm thy sau khi qut danh sch AP lin k, client s quay li qut tt c cc knh. 1.4.4.2. Aruba Aruba a ra gii php ti u nh sau: Vng ph sng Wi-Fi: Khong cch gia cc AP nm trong khong 20-25m cho mng ch truyn d liu v 15-20m cho truyn d liu voice. Kt hp VLAN: S lng VLAN trong mt nhm khng qu 10 VLAN vic truyn ti broadcast v multicast khng mt qu nhiu thi gian. Cng ngh chuyn vng nhanh (802.11r v OKC) C 2 cng ngh mi p ng yu cu: o S dng WPA2 vi 802.1X v OKC trong b iu khin trung tm WLAN ca Aruba. o 802.11r l mt chun mi, nhm ci thin hiu sut chuyn giao. Trong kin trc WLAN c cung cp bi Aruba, n ch cung cp cc ci tin hn ch, c bit nu OKC c s dng. Chng 2 - GIAO THC TRUYN D LIU TRN MNG MY TNH KHNG DY MT LI (802.11s) 2.1. Gii thiu Wireless Mesh Network

K thut mng hnh li l cch thc truyn ti d liu, m thanh v cu lnh gia cc nt x l, cho php truyn thng lin tc v t xc nh li cu hnh xung quanh ng i b che chn bng cch nhy t nt ny sang nt khc cho n khi thit lp c kt ni. Mng li c kh nng t hn gn v to ra mng c tin cy cao, c th hot ng khi c mt nt b li hoc cht lng kt ni mng km. 2.2. Kin trc mng 802.11s

Hnh 2.1: Kin trc mng 802.11s Trong kin trc mng 802.11s bao gm cc nt: Mesh Point (MP): l im hnh li, c chc nng qun l, iu khin cc dch v v iu hnh mng hnh li. MP thit lp ngang hng vi MP ln cn. Mesh Access Point (MAP): l mt Mesh Point nhng c thm chc nng truy nhp ti STA. Mesh Point Portal (MPP): l mt MP nhng c thm chc nng kt ni internet v hot ng nh mt Gateway. 2.3. Thit lp v pht hin WMN Khi mt nt mi c bt ln, n c th s dng qut ch ng hoc b ng tm mt mng mesh. Trong 802.11s, mt ID mi, c gi l MeshID, c s dng nh ngha mt mng Mesh. MeshID c gn trong beacon v khung tin response nh l mt thnh phn thng tin mi cho qut ch ng v b ng. Trong 802.11s, mi thit b mesh phi h tr t nht mt mesh profile bao gm mt MeshID, nh danh giao thc la chn ng i. Nu thng tin trong nt li tng thch vi mng mesh th n s bt u kt ni. Nu mt nt li mi khng th tm thy mt mng mesh c thit lp, n cn to mt mng mesh mi. 2.4. C ch lin kt mng C ch lin kt mng quy nh c th cc c ch lin kt mng mesh vi mng c dy hoc khng dy. Khi mt MP mun gi gi tin, trc tin n thc hin y d liu i theo th tc c nh ngha trong giao thc nh tuyn. Nu khng tm

thy ng i ti a ch ch, MP s chuyn tt c gi tin ti cc MPPs c kch hot trong mng li. Ti mt MPP, c thng ip vo v thng ip ra cn c x l. Thng ip i ra c to ra bi mt MP bn trong mng li. Nu MPP bit nt ch bn trong mng mesh, n s chuyn thng ip ti nt ch. Nu nt ch bn ngoi mng mesh, n s y thng ip ti mng bn ngoi. Tuy nhin, nu nt ch khng bit ti MPP no, MPP s chuyn thng ip ti c mng li bn trong v bn ngoi. 2.5. nh tuyn trong mng hnh li 802.11s 2.5.1. Cc thut ton nh tuyn 2.5.1.1. Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) AODV c 4 kiu thng ip giao tip gia cc nt vi nhau: o Yu cu tuyn (RREQ Route Request) o Hi m tuyn (RREP Route Reply) o Li tuyn (RERR Route Error) o Thng ip HELLO Thng ip RREQ v RREP c s dng cho tm ng. Thng ip RERR v HELLO c s dng cho s duy tr ng i. u/nhc im: o Lng thng tin tiu nh tuyn: AODV c lng tiu thng tin nh tuyn nh hn v em li kh nng m rng tt hn khi kch thc cc bn ghi tuyn b gii hn. o Cp nht thng tin li ng dn: AODV s dng phng php trn lt thng tin ti tt c cc nt khc v li lin kt. o AODV n gin v c hiu qu hn cc giao thc khc khi tc truyn ti thng tin chm tm ng mt cch r rng. o S khc bit chnh gia AODV v cc giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu khc l n s dng mt s tun t ch. ng dng ca thut ton trn mt s sn phm thng mi nh NOKIA N810. 2.5.1.2. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Giao thc DSR l mt giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu t nt ngun. Trong , cc nt di ng cn duy tr b nh m v tuyn cha cc tuyn ngun m nt di ng nhn bit c. Cc thc th trong b nh m tuyn c cp nht lin tc. Khi mt nt di ng gi mt gi n mt nt ch no , trc ht n phi tham vn b nh m tuyn xc nh l n c mt tuyn n ch cha. Nu c ng i ti ch, n s s dng tuyn ny gi gi i. Tri li, nu khng c mt tuyn nh th, n phi khi u mt qu trnh khm ph tuyn bng cch pht qung b mt gi yu cu tuyn.

Vic duy tr tuyn c hon thnh thng qua s dng cc gi li tuyn v cc bn tin xc nhn. Cc gi li tuyn c to ra mt nt khi lp lin kt d liu gp s c ng truyn. u/nhc im: o Mt u im ca DSR l khng c gi tm ng no c pht i nh k. o V DSR tm ng theo yu cu nn khng thch hp cho mng dung lng ln v c tnh di ng cao. 2.5.1.3. Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) OLSR k tha tnh n nh ca thut ton trng thi lin kt. Vi mc ch gim thiu chi ph cho vic trn lt lu lng iu khin, OLSR ch s dng cc nt MPR c chn truyn dn tin ny. Vic s dng chuyn tip a im s lm gim s truyn li khng cn thit trong cng min. Mi nt trong mng s la chn ra mt tp cc nt hng xm ca n vo b MPR ca nt , cc nt thuc b MPR ny s chuyn tip cc gi tin iu khin c gi t nt . 2.5.1.4. So snh cc giao thc nh tuyn a. So snh cc giao thc nh tuyn theo yu cu Lng thng tin tiu nh tuyn: AODV c lng tiu thng tin nh tuyn nh hn DSR v em li kh nng m rng tt hn khi kch thc cc bn ghi tuyn b gii hn. Cp nht thng tin li ng dn: c AODV v DSR u s dng phng php trn lt thng tin ti tt c cc nt khc v li lin kt. K thut chng lp vng: Giao thc nh tuyn AODV s dng cc s th t trnh lp vng, DSR s dng a ch trong trng ghi tuyn ca cc gi tin d liu. Hiu nng giao thc: i vi m hnh c s lng nt nh, ti v tc di chuyn thp, DSR cng c c hiu nng tt hn AODV. Nhng khi lng ti tng ln, hiu nng DSR suy gim r rt v thp hn so vi giao thc AODV. b. So snh cc giao thc nh tuyn khc kiu Kh nng m rng: Vi m hnh lu lng ti cao, giao thc AODV c hiu nng tt hn OLSR. Ngoi ra, khi s lng nt tng v mc nghn mng ln th t l chuyn pht thnh cng cc gi tin ca AODV tt hn. Hiu nng mng: Qua m phng cho thy hiu nng DSR tng ln i vi t s chuyn pht gi tin, hiu nng ca OLSR gim xung khi ti cao v tnh ng ca cc nt tng. Giao thc AODV cung cp gi tr hiu nng trung bnh tt nht trong cc giao thc trn. Hin nay, 802.11s tp trung vo 2 giao thc AODV v OLSR nhm bin i chng thy c li ch ca c hai trong mi trng mng li. 2.5.2. Giao thc nh tuyn khng dy lai HWMP

HWMP t hp hai giao thc nh tuyn theo bng v theo yu cu tng ng vi giao thc nh tuyn da trn hnh cy TBR (Tree Based Routing) v giao thc nh tuyn Radio Metric-AODV. Giao thc RM-AODV hot ng trn lp 2 theo cc a ch MAC v s dng thng s o lng lin quan trc tip ti c tnh lin kt v tuyn. nh tuyn theo yu cu: trong IEEE 802.11s s dng hai c ch yu cu tuyn RREQ (Route Request) v p ng tuyn RREP (Route Reply) thu thp cc thng tin nh tuyn. nh tuyn theo bng: phng php nh tuyn theo bng c xut trong IEEE 802.11s l giao thc nh tuyn hnh cy TBR. TBR coi WMN nh mt cy phn cp c cu trc vi mt nt gc l MPP v cc nt l l cc MP hoc MAP. Giao thc TBR s dng MPP tm v duy tr cc tuyn. 2.6. Mt s sn phm thng mi s dng gii php mesh 2.6.1. HotPort 7000 - nt li khng dy ca Firetide

Cc nt li HotPort t ng kt ni vi nhau to ra mng li khng dy HotPort hiu sut cao. Giao thc nh tuyn AutoMesh ca Firetide cung cp kh nng t to hnh li, t phc hi trin khai nhanh, thao tc tin cy cho c h tng li di ng v c nh. Mt nt li HotPort lin kt hoc kt ni li vi mng khng dy mt li ngay lp tc trong khi n di chuyn bn trong phm vi ca cc nt li di ng hoc c nh khc. 2.6.2. Sn phm ca Motorola Gii php khng dy mt li HotZone Duo ca Motorola c thit k cung cp cht lng d liu cao, cc ng dng video v m thanh. Vi vic h tr bo mt v chun QoS, kt hp vi cng ngh nh tuyn MeshConnex c kim chng, h thng HotZone Duo cung cp tnh mm do v kh nng m rng mng khi cn thit. K thut nh tuyn lp 2 t ng gii quyt cc vn xung t bng vic tm v thit lp kt ni ti u. Chng 3 - NH GI V KH NNG NG DNG MNG MY TNH KHNG DY MT LI 3.1. M hnh in ton m my iDragon v dch v Camera gim st 3.1.1. M hnh in ton m my iDragon in ton m my (Cloud computing) l m hnh s dng cc cng ngh tin tin nht v phn mm, phn cng my tnh, c pht trin trn h tng mng my tnh v Internet, to ra mt m my cung cp t c s h tng, ni lu tr d liu cho n cc dch v. Xut pht t m hnh cung cp dch v in thoi di ng: in thoi di ng + cc trm BTS, h thng qun l thu bao, cung cp dch v, tnh cc, chuyn vng,

Hnh 3.1: M hnh dch v in ton m my iDragon Cloud

Cc thnh phn trong m hnh dch v m my iDragon Cloud bao gm: My tnh m my Cloud PC Cloud PC c cc chc nng t ng cu hnh v truy cp dch v m my tng t in thoi di ng. Thit b kt ni mng Cloud Box Cloud Box kt ni cc Cloud PC c tnh nng tng t cc trm BTS kt ni cc in thoi di ng. N l thit b mng dng my tnh Cloud PC truy cp dch v cung cp theo cng ngh in ton m my. M hnh in ton m my iDragon ng dng WMN nh hnh sau:

Hnh 3.4: M hnh in ton m my iDragon ng dng WMN

Trong mt s Cloud Box s ng vai tr l MP (Mesh Point) iu khin truyn d liu, mt s Cloud Box s ng vai tr l MAP (Mesh Access Point) kt ni vi Cloud PC thc hin truyn d liu ti ch. Trong m hnh trn cc Cloud Box c kt ni khng dy vi nhau, to ra m hnh li m bo qu trnh truyn d liu c thng sut. Khi mt Cloud Box b li, d liu ca Cloud PC s c truyn ti ch theo con ng khc. C ch qun l v iu hnh mng trong m hnh

iDragon ng dng gii php mesh vn qun l cc thit b da trn ID nh m hnh iDragon khi cha ng dng gii php mesh. 3.1.2. Dch v Camera gim st mi trng v cnh bo sm thin tai Sau khi kho st, tm hiu nhu cu ng dng CNTT gim st mi trng v cnh bo sm v thin tai ti nhiu a im thuc cc TP Nng, Cn Th v tnh Thanh Ho, Vin Cng nghip phn mm v ni dung s Vit Nam cng vi Panasonic Nht Bn nghin cu xy dng h thng gim st v cnh bo sm m bo hot ng 24/7. C th, d n th im s s dng gii php tch hp h thng cm bin (sensor system) vi h tng mng truyn d liu khng dy bng rng mt li (wireless mesh network) v gii php qun l truy cp d liu trn nn tng in ton m my (iDragon Cloud) phc v gim st mi trng v cnh bo sm thin tai. H thng gim st v cm bin cho dng sng Cn Th: o mc nc ca dng sng v thng tin v in t nng lng mt tri v in p ca pin. Sau cc thng tin c gi ti my ch. Camera c iu khin bi trnh duyt ca my tnh v nhng hnh nh

ny khng c lu tr ch theo di thi gian thc. Nu ngy ma ko di 4 ngy, h thng vn c th lm vic vi pin. H thng gim st hnh nh ( Nng): Camera IP c thit lp thu thp hnh nh v cc hnh nh ny c lu tr trong Network Disk Recorder. Pht hin xm nhp: khi c ngi truy cp vo vng b cm, h thng s gi mt thng bo hoc email. Camera c th c iu khin t xa bi my tnh. S dng mng LAN khng dy truyn d liu t thit b cm bin v y bn nhn dn da trn L2 Bridge. Khong cch gia 2 im truy cp khng dy di 5km. Tc lin kt gia im truy cp khng dy l 6Mbps hoc nhiu hn. 3.2. M phng qu trnh truyn d liu trn mng WMN 3.2.1. Chc nng chung ca phn mm m phng mng

Phn mm m phng mng gip ch rt nhiu cho nhu cu ca con ngi. So vi chi ph v thi gian trong vic thit lp mt th nghim c cha nhiu my tnh ni mng, thit b nh tuyn v lin kt d liu, m phng mng tng i nhanh v khng tn km. Mt s phn mm m phng mng nh NS2, NS3, OPNET, 3.2.2. Chc nng ca phn mm m phng NS2 Mc ch ca NS2 l to ra mt mi trng gi lp cho vic nghin cu, kim tra, thit k cc giao thc, cc kin trc mi, so snh cc giao thc v to ra cc m hnh mng phc tp.

3.2.3.

M phng qu trnh truyn d liu s dng NS2 Chng trnh m phng qu trnh truyn d liu trn mng my tnh khng dy mt li c xy dng da trn phn mm m phng NS2. M hnh bao gm 18 nt c nh s theo th t t 1 n 18. Trong 18 nt tham gia m phng c cc loi nt sau: o 12 nt ng vai tr l MAP: bao gm nt 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16. o 4 nt ng vai tr l MP: gm nt 6, 7, 10, 11. o 2 nt ng vai tr l client: gm nt 0 (nt ngun) v 17 (nt ch). Cc nt c hin th v di chuyn trong mt khu vc l 600m x 800m. S dng giao thc TCP truyn d liu t nt 0 n nt 17. Giao thc nh tuyn c s dng trong m phng l AODV. Cc gi tin c trao i gia cc nt vi nhau khi cc nt ny nm trong di lng nghe ca nt kia. Qu trnh m phng din ra trong vng 150s: Ti thi im 130s, nt 0 bt u di chuyn ti im (80, 600) vi tc 30m/s. Nng lng ban u thit lp cho nt 1 l 50 v nt 2 l 10, cc nt cn li c nng lng l 100. Mc ch ca vic thit lp nng lng cho cc nt khc nhau th hin m hnh khi mt nt khng cn hot ng th gi tin s c truyn i theo ng khc ti ch. Mu ca nt trong m phng biu hin trng thi nng lng ca nt nh sau: o Nt mu xanh: cho bit nt vn cn nhiu nng lng o Nt mu vng: cho bit nt s dng nhiu nng lng nhng nng lng cn li ln hn 25% gi tr nng lng khi to ban u cho nt . o Nt mu : cho bit nt ch cn di 25% gi tr nng lng khi to ban u v trong khong thi gian ngn nt s b shutdown. Khi nt 0 di chuyn th cc gi tin cng c truyn theo cc ng khc nhau ti ch. Giao din m phng qu trnh truyn d liu trn mng my tnh WMN

Hnh 3.16: Thit lp ng i mi khi nt 2 b shutdown

Hnh 3.17: Thit lp ng i mi khi nt 0 di chuyn ti mt v tr khc

3.3. nh gi cc nh hng ca WMN ti qu trnh truyn d liu multimedia Th nghim s dng hai cng c o hiu nng ca lu lng multimedia trong mi trng WMN; cng c o cht lng lin kt v cng c ng b thi gian. o c: c 10ms li truyn 80 byte gi tin m thanh s dng G.711 codec, tc d liu 64kbps. Thng qua th nghim v hiu sut truyn multimedia trong mng WMN cho thy tc truyn m thanh t khong 100 gi/s, trong lu lng truyn video c tc trung bnh khong 16 gi/s. 3.4. C ch phi hp gia chuyn vng dch v truy cp Camera gim st vi giao thc truyn d liu trn WMN Mi Camera s c gn mt s nh danh ID duy nht. C ch phi hp gia chuyn vng dch v truy cp Camera gim st vi giao thc truyn d liu trn WMN hot ng nh sau: mi Camera s c gn mt s nh danh ID duy nht. S

nh danh ny l c nh cho mi Camera v n c s dng trong cc dch v roaming. Khi Camera di chuyn ti mt CloudBox khc thay v qun l Camera bng IP th da vo ID ca Camera truy tm thng tin v bit c Camera ang u trong h thng iDragon. Dng Camera thu thp d liu u vo, sau tt c thng tin thu thp c t Camera s c truyn qua mng s dng giao thc nh tuyn mng khng dy mt li truyn v trung tm d liu x l. KT LUN V KIN NGH K thut mng khng dy mt li l cch thc truyn ti d liu, m thanh v cu lnh gia cc nt x l, cho php truyn thng lin tc v t xc nh li cu hnh xung quanh ng i b che chn bng cch nhy t nt ny sang nt khc cho n khi thit lp c kt ni. Mng li c kh nng t hn gn v to ra mng c tin cy cao; c th hot ng khi c mt nt b li hoc cht lng kt ni mng km. Trong lnh vc mng khng dy, mng li c p dng ni rng phm vi ph sng ca mng khng dy truyn thng. Cc nt trong mng truyn thng trc tip vi cc nt khc v tham gia trong mng li. Nu mt nt c th kt ni vi mt nt ln cn khc th s c kt ni vi ton mng. Vi u im v m rng phm vi ph sng trn nn cc thit b c sn ca cng ngh mng WLAN, k thut mng my tnh khng dy mt li c th c ng dng trong cc ng cnh m khng th s dng mng c dy thay th hoc nu thay th c th phi tr chi ph rt ln. Mt s ng dng tiu biu nh giao thng cng cng, iu khin t ng, y t, quan st an ninh c bit trong iu kin hin nay, khi l lt ang xy ra nhiu ni th vic p dng WMN vo xy dng cc h thng gim st mi trng, cnh bo v gim nh thin tai l vic lm ht sc cn thit gim nh hu qu v bin i mi trng ton cu ti Vit Nam. Vic p dng h tng mng truyn d liu khng dy bng rng mt li (wireless mesh network) v gii php qun l truy cp d liu trn nn tng in ton m my (iDragon Cloud) phc v gim st mi trng v cnh bo sm thin tai l gii php tt cho vn t ra. V vy vic trin khai a d n vo thc t cn c thc hin sm nhm h tr xy dng cc h thng gim st mi trng, cnh bo v gim nh thin tai. DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO Ting Anh [1] Brian P.Crow and Jeong Geun Kim, IEEE 800.11 Wireless Local Area Networks, Sakai.

[2]

Rajiv Vijayakumar, Arindam Das, Sumit Roy, and Hui Ma, Wireless

Mesh Networking: Architectures, Protocols and Standards, University of Washington. [3] Vincent Chavoutier, Daniela Maniezzo, Multimedia over Wireless Mesh Networks: Results from a Real Testbed Evaluation, University of California. [4] Acknowledgments: CigdemSengul, Deutsche Telekom Laboratories, Wireless Internet Routing IEEE 802.11s. [5] Preferred Technology Solutions, PTS Wireless MESH Network Solution, PTS. [6] Roberto Riggio, Daniele Miorandi, and Imrich Chlamtac, Nicola Scalabrino and Enrico Gregori, Hardware and Software Solutions for Wireless Mesh Network Testbeds, (CNR) IIT. [7] SkyPilot Networks, Broadband Wireless Mesh Network Solution, SkyPilot Networks. [8] Cisco Systems (CS), Cisco Wireless Mesh Networking Solution, CS. [9] Firetide, HotPort 7000 Wireless Mesh Nodes, Firetide. [10] Motorola, Canopy Video Surveillance Architecture White Paper, Motorola. [11] Cisco Systems, Cisco Fast Secure Roaming, Cisco Systems. [12] Aruba, Optimizing Aruba WLANs for Roaming Device, Aruba. Ting Vit [13] NISCI, My v Rng Vit Nam, NISCI. [14] NISCI, Tp ch khoa hc Phn mm v Ni dung s, NISCI [15] NISCI, Ti liu v d n th im xy dng h thng gim st mi trng v gim nh thin tai, NSICI.