Ni dung

I II III

Khi nim, yu cu v phn loi

Cc b phn ca cu thang v s kt cu Cu to cu thang btng ct thp

I. KHI NIM, YU CU V PHN LOI

1 2 3

Khi nim Yu cu Phn loi

I. KHI NIM, YU CU V PHN LOI 1. Khi nim:

L phng tin giao thng ln xung gia cc tng nh trong mt cng trnh gm: ng dc thoi (ramp dc) Thang b Thang t chuyn (thang cun) Thang my

a. b. c. d.

a. ng dc thoi (ramp dc)

c. Thang t chuyn (thang cun)

- Co hnh thc gan giong mot ve thang bo, nhng bac thang co cau tao hnh rang lc, c gan vi he thong dan ong dung moter en, hoat ong nh mot si sen chay lien tuc. - Do hoat ong lien tuc nen thang cuon co lu lng van chuyen ln va khong mat thi gian ch i, rat thch hp cho cac cong trnh cong cong co ong ngi di chuyen nh: Sieu th, ch, nha ga, cac trung tam van hoa, thng mai..

d. Thang my
- Dung trong cac cong trnh kien truc co tang cao t 5 tang tr len. - Mot so t cong trnh thap tang co bo tr thang may: Benh vien, Khach san. - Do viec tang o cao, phai s dung thang may lam phng ten giao thong thang ng ben trong cong trnh chu yeu la ten li, an toan va kinh te. - ac iem :Do cau tao cua thang may oi hoi khong gian hoat ong (gieng thang) can co o chnh xac cao va on nh, nen gieng thang thng c thiet ke bang BTCT, ong thi e tang o on nh cho cac cong trnh cao tang, nen gieng thang ong vai tro nh mot loi cng. - Co the chia lam nhieu loai: * Thang may ch ngi . * Thang may ch ngi nhng co hang hoa mang theo ngi * Thang may ch hang hoa .(ieu khien ngoai cabin) * Thang may va ch hang nhng thng co ngi i kem * Thang may chuyen dung trong y te (ch bang ca, xe lan)..

2. Yu cu
Khi thit k cu thang cn phi m bo cc yu cu sau: Thm m, s dng thun tin, dc v chiu rng v thang phi thch hp. R tin, thi cng d dng v nhanh chng. Bo m an ton, c y nh sng, khng trn trt. Chu c ti trng khi vn chuyn nhng vt nng v c kh nng chu la ln.

3. Phn loi cu thang (thang b)

a. Theo chc nng : Cu thang chnh: thng t cc snh, cc v tr giao thng chnh ca nh. Cu thang ph : thng t v tr ph. Cu thang phc v: dng vn chuyn c thc n. Cu thang phng chy: d phng khi c s c ho hon xy ra. b. Theo v tr: Cu thang trong nh Cu thang ngoi nh. c. Theo hnh dng: cu thang mt v, cu thang hai v, cu thang ba v, bn v v cc loi cu thang c cc hnh dng khc nhau nh cong, trn, xin.

3. Phn loi cu thang (thang b)

d. Theo kt cu chu lc: Thn thang kiu bn chu lc:
Kt cu ca thn thang l mt tm bn phng t nghing, trn to bc thang hnh tam gic.

Thn thang kiu bn dm chu lc:

Hai bn thn thang c hai dm nghing cn gi l dm limng. Nu mt bn ca thn thang ta vo tng chu lc th ch cn mt dm.

Thn thang kiu bn dm

3. Phn loi cu thang (thang b)

e. Theo vt liu:
Cu thang b tng ct thp Cu thang xy gch Cu thang thp, g

f. Theo bin php thi cng:

Cu thang btng ct thp ton khi:
C cng v n nh cao, khng b hn ch bi chun ho, hnh thc a dng, tho mn mi yu cu thm m ca kin trc. Tuy nhin tn cp pha, tc thi cng v a vo s dng chm.

Cu thang btng ct thp lp ghp:

Gm cc cu kin chu lc th mang n v tr lp ghp. C u im tc thi cng nhanh, p ng c yu cu CNH xy dng, tit kim c vn khun, nng cao cht lng sn phm.

II. CC B PHN CA CU THANG V S KT CU

1 2 Cc b phn ca cu thang Kch thc ca cc b phn cu thang

 1. CC B PHN CA CU THANG a. Thn thang b. Chiu ngh - chiu ti

V cc b phn khc: lan can, tay vn, bc thang...

a. Thn thang
Thn thang tng t nh mt mt sn t nghing , trn c to bc Bc thang i li an ton phi lm lan can. Bc thang c th l hnh ch nht, ch L hoc hnh tam gic. m bo an ton cn phi lm lan can. Cu kin bn trn lan can dng ta hoc vn gi l tay vn. Vi nhng thn thang rng trn 3m phc v thot an ton cho nhiu ngi cn b sung thm lan can trung gian.

b. Chiu ngh
S bc cu thang khng c lin tc qu 18 bc cng khng c di 3 bc trn mt thn thang. Chiu rng ca chiu ngh khng c nh hn chiu rng ca thn thang, m bo vn chuyn cc dng ln c d dng. Kt cu ca chiu ngh i vi cu thang dng ch yu cho thot ngi, ch chiu ngh khng c thit k cc bc hnh r qut.