TV314 o to ngi dng CBGD: Hunh Th Trc Phng

The Big 6 and Information Literacy

The Big 6: M hnh gii quyt vn thng tin Bc 1. Xc nh nhim v Task definition

1.1. Xc nh vn thng tin Cch thc t vn hoc hiu vn ca sinh vin gi vai tr rt quan trng. Khi phn tch vn , sinh vin cn c kh nng: Xc nh gii hn ca vn Hnh thnh cc cu hi m h cn phi tr li cho sn phm hay gii php ca h Nhn bit c thng tin no l cn thit c th hon thnh nhim v da trn cc hng dn m h c Chn lc, m rng hoc gii hn cc ch c lin quan n ti nghin cu t cu hi lm r iu g ang c mong i cc ch ny

1.2. Nhn bit thng tin cn tm y chnh l giai on hoch nh chin lc s b cho qu trnh tm kim thng tin. Thng tin no l cn thit gip sinh vin hon thnh nhim v c giao hoc gii quyt c vn ? nhn bit c thng tin cn tm, sinh vin cn c kh nng: Xc nh thng tin no l cn thit gii quyt vn hoc a ra mt quyt nh no Chn loi hnh v s lng thng tin cn thit gii quyt vn (nh s kin, quan im, s liu thng k, phng vn, trch dn, hnh nh, v.v.) Ly ra cc t kha t vn ang quan tm v dng n tm kim thng tin Xc nh nhng kin/ pht biu no cn cn c chng minh hoc ng h

Bc 2. Chin lc tm kim thng tin Information Seeking Strategies 2.1. Xc nh tt c cc ngun thng tin c tim nng Sinh vin cn ng no v ngh n cc ngun thng tin hoc cc chin lc kh thi no c th gip h tm ra c cu tr li cho vn m h t ra. Bt k ngun thng tin c nh dng nh th no, v phng php tm kim ra sao, sinh vin cn c kh nng: Lp ra mt danh sch cc ngun thng tin tim nng (vn bn, hnh nh hoc mt ngi no ) c th gip gii quyt c vn Nhn bit c l do v nhng thun li/ bt li khi s dng mt ngun thng tin bt k

2.2. Chn ra cc ngun thng tin tt nht

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TV314 o to ngi dng CBGD: Hunh Th Trc Phng

Thu hp danh sch cc ngun thng tin c tim nng bng cch chn ra mt vi ngun tt nht ph hp vi vn c t ra. thc hin c iu ny, sinh vin cn c kh nng: Chn ra cc ngun tin ph hp da trn cc tiu ch chung (v.d. tnh hin hnh, thm quyn, v c lin quan, v.v.) S dng nhiu loi ngun thng tin khc nhau khi thch hp iu chnh li chin lc hoc cng c tm tin c th gii quyt vn

Bc 3. nh v v truy cp thng tin Location and Access 3.1. nh v thng tin: Trc tin, sinh vin cn phi tm c ngun thng tin. V d, sinh vin phi xc nh c quyn sch hay trang web u, ngi sng ni no, v tn bao nhiu chi ph gp c anh ta. tm c ngun thng tin ph hp, sinh vin cn phi am hiu v: Cch s dng th mc v cc h thng phn loi ti liu nh DDC Cch thit lp mt chin lc tm kim thng tin hiu qu trn c s d liu (database) hoc cng c tm tin (search engine) Ni c th tm c cc ngun thng tin v cng ng ti a phng (v.d. lch s ca t chc, doanh nghip, c quan chnh ph) Cch thc sp xp mt cuc phng vn vi chuyn gia hoc ngi ng u ca mt cng ng no Cch thc iu chnh cc chin lc tm kim khng hiu qu da trn kt qu tm kim Cch thc trch dn cc ngun thng tin cho cc danh mc ti liu mt cch hp thc Khi cn s gip trong vic tm kim thng tin, nn bit phi hi ai v hi khi no.

3.2. Truy cp thng tin (tm kim thng tin t cc ngun c chn): Phn ny cp n vic tm kim thng tin t ngun tin c chn. Nu sinh vin khng bit cch s dng bng ch mc (index), cng c tm kim ca website, hoc th thut c lt ly chnh, th c l sinh vin s phi c ht c quyn sch dy hoc nhp chut vo tng trang web tm kim thng tin. iu ny nghe c v phi l nhng li thng hay xy ra khi sinh vin lm bi tp nghin cu. tm c thng tin t mt ngun tin bt k, sinh vin cn c bit cch: S dng phn ch mc (index) cui sch Xc nh cc v tr trn bn hoc s dng c cc ch thch trn bn S dng tnh nng tm kim ca cc cng c trnh duyt (v.d. Internet Explorer) S dng cc k nng c lt ly thng tin v ly chnh tm c cc ti liu ph hp t sch hoc trn trang web.

TV314 o to ngi dng CBGD: Hunh Th Trc Phng

S dng cc cng c tm kim khc nhau trn mt trang web, nh cc cng c tm tin (search engine), ch mc (index) hoc s trang web (site map), nt nh hng (navigation button), v.v. S dng cc nt nh hng (navigation button) trn cc thit b nghe nhn khc nhau nh l my c video, DVD, Adobe Acrobat, hoc cc thit b v phn mm ng dng khc.

Bc 4. S dng thng tin Use of information 4.1. Khai thc thng tin (c, nghe, xem, tip xc) Sinh vin cn phi c kh nng sng lc, nh gi, c, nghe, xem, hoc tip xc vi thng tin qua cc trang sch, mn hnh my tnh hoc cc phng tin khc. C th hn, l cc kh nng: c, nghe, xem hoc tip xc vi thng tin v hiu c n Xc nh thng tin no l hu dng cho vic tr li cc cu hi nghin cu Thc hin mt cuc phng vn hiu qu S dng d liu t mt c s d liu hoc t mt trang web c h tr cc tnh nng tng tc vi ngi s dng (interactive website) nh gi cht lng v tnh ph hp ca ngun thng tin da trn cc tiu ch c th c v am hiu v biu v cc dng d liu hnh nh khc Xc nh mc ch, phm vi, v quan im ca thng tin

4.2. Rt ta nhng thng tin c lin quan bc ny, bn cnh kh nng ghi ch tt, sinh vin cn c kh nng: Bc 5. Lit k cc im chnh c lin quan n cu hi hoc ch t mt bi bo, mt chng sch, hoc mt trang web Gch di hoc high-light cc thng tin c lin quan Tm tt mt ni dung chnh bng t ng ca ring h Xc nh thi im thch hp s dng trch dn trc tip hay din gii thng tin gin tip Trch dn r rng ngun gc thng tin. Tng hp Synthesis

5.1. T chc li thng tin t nhiu ngun khc nhau Sau khi sinh vin tm kim, nh gi v ly ra nhng thng tin c lin quan, h cn phi t chng li vi nhau phn nh mc am hiu vn ca h. Cc sinh vin cn c kh nng: Nhn bit c thng tin c mi lin h vi nhau nh th no Chng t c kh nng thu thp, kt hp v t chc thng tin theo nhng cch thch hp B sung vo bi nghin cu nhng kin v quan im c nhn Lp cc mc v biu theo th t thi gian
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TV314 o to ngi dng CBGD: Hunh Th Trc Phng

Hiu v vn dng cc phng thc t chc thng tin khc nhau: theo th t thi gian, th t ch ci, mn loi, hnh thc tng thut, mt chui gm cc bc hoc phng hng, lun im hay chnh kin, v.v. iu chnh quyt nh ca h v vic chn mt loi hnh t chc thng tin no

5.2. Trnh by thng tin y l thi khc quan trng: ra quyt nh, vit bo co, din thuyt. Sau y l mt vi v d v nhng iu m sinh vin c th lm: Bc 6. Din thuyt c s dng Power Point, video hoc cc ngun thng tin a phng tin khc Thit k cc bc ha s dng phng tin truyn thng hay k thut s Thit k bn , biu , th Thuyt trnh di nhiu hnh thc khc nhau Vit bi bo, tiu lun hoc bo co Lp danh mc ti liu tham kho chng minh ngun gc ti liu c trch dn nh gi Evaluation

6.1. nh gi kt qu (tnh t yu cu) nh gi c kt qu hoc sn phm ca mnh c t yu cu hay khng, sinh vin cn c kh nng: Lm vic vi gio vin hoc ging vin xc nh cc tiu ch nh gi kt qu ca mt qu trnh nghin cu c th C kh nng nh gi ni dung v hnh thc ca vic trnh by thng tin S dng k nng t nh gi ci thin giai on trnh by d liu (c th hiu chnh li bn tho ca sn phm cui cng) Phn hi da trn kt qu tm kim bc 4 v xc nh xem cn c bt k l hng hoc im thiu st no trong bi nghin cu ca h hay khng.

6.2. nh gi qu trnh (tnh hiu qu) nh gi thng l bc cui cng ca mt quy trnh. Tuy nhin, cng on nh gi c th c thc hin nhiu ln bt c giai on no ca qu trnh gii quyt vn thng tin. Vi vai tr l ngi hng dn, chng ta thng s dng hnh thc nh gi ny mt cch khng c ch . Chng ta c th yu cu sinh vin t thc hin nhng iu di y. Hon chnh bng lit k vi y cc bc cn thit hon thnh quy trnh Th hin nhng n lc c nhn trong sut qu trnh nghin cu Gii thch l do v sao bn s dng mt chin lc hoc cng c tm kim thng tin c th no trong sut qu trnh nghin cu Nu ln c nhng th mnh v im yu ca mnh trong qu trnh tm kim v vit bi nghin cu.
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