TRNG THPT NG LC

CHNH THC
( thi c 04 trang)

THI KHO ST CHT LNG LN I KHI 12 NM 2010

Mn thi: HO HC(KHI A, B)
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht.

H, tn th sinh:......................................................
S bo danh: .......................
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo u) ca cc nguyn t:
H = 1; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K =
39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; As = 75; Br = 80; Rb = 85,5; Ag = 108; Ba = 137, Cr=52,
I=137.

M : 161
I. PHN CHUNG DNH CHO TT C TH SINH[40 cu]: T cu 1 n cu 40.

Cu 1. S ng phn cu to ca hirocacbon c cng thc phn t C4H8 c th lm nht mu nc brm

nhit phng l
A. 3.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 2. un mt ancol A vi dung dch hn hp gm KBr v H2SO4 c th trong hn hp sn phm thu c
c cht hu c B. Hi ca 12,5 gam cht B ni trn chim 1 th tch ca 2,80 gam nit trong cng iu kin.
Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. C2H5OH.
B. CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3OH.
D. HOCH2CH2OH.
Cu 3. Trong cng nghip hin nay, poli(vinyl clorua) c iu ch t nguyn liu chnh l
A. C2H2, HCl.
B. C2H4, HCl.
C. C2H2, Cl2.
D. C2H4, Cl2.
Cu 4. Hy chon nhn nh ng:
A. Lipit l tn gi chung cho du m ng, thc vt.
B. Cht bo l trieste ca glixerol v cc axit no n chc mch khng phn nhnh.
C. Cht bo l mt loi lipt.
D. Lipit l este ca glixerol vi cc axit bo.
+
2+
2+
3+
3+
2Cu 5. Cho dy cc cht v ion: Cl2, F, SO32-, Na , Ca , Fe , Al , Cr , S , Cl . S cht v ion trong dy
u c tnh oxi ho v tnh kh l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 6. t chy hon ton 1,12lt ( ktc)mt hirocacbon A thu c 3,36 lt CO2. Bit A lm nht mu
brom trong CCl4 thu c sn phm hu c B, nhng A khng lm mt mu dung dch thuc tm nhit
thng. Tn gi ca B c th l
A. 1,1-ibrompropan.
B. 2,2-ibrompropan. C. 1,3-ibrompropan. D. 1,2-ibrompropan.
Cu 7. X phng ha hon ton a (g) mt trieste X thu c 0,92g glixerol, 3,02g natri
linoleat(C17H31COONa) v m (g) natri oleat. Gi tr ca a v m l
A. 8,82; 6,08.
B. 9,98; 3,04.
C. 10,02; 6,08.
D. 5,78; 3,04.
Cu 8. Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton hn
hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3:4. Hai ancol l
A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. C. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
D. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
Cu 9. Dung dch ca cht no di y c pH nh hn 7?
A. NaHCO3.
B. NaHSO4.
C. K2SO4.
D. NaAlO2.
Cu 10. Ho tan m gam Al2(SO4)3 vo nc c dd B, chia dung dch B thnh hai phn bng nhau. Tin
hnh 2 th nghim sau:
- Cho phn 1 tc dng hon ton vi 60ml dd KOH 2M thu c 2a gam kt ta.
- Cho phn 2 tc dng hon ton vi 120ml dd KOH 2M thu c a gam kt ta.
Gi tr ca m l
A. 30,78.
B. 44,46.
C. 15,39.
D. 22,23.
Cu 11. Cho V lt hn hp X gm H2 v Cl2 vo bnh thu tinh ln, sau khi chiu sng mt thi gian, ngng
phn ng c hn hp kh Y, trong c 30% HCl v th tch v th tch Cl2 gim xung cn 20% so vi
lng Cl2 ban u. Bit cc th tch kh o cng iu kin. Hiu sut ca phn ng gia H2 v Cl2 l
A. 25%.
B. 20%.
C. 75%.
D. 80%.
Cu 12. Khi thc hin phn ng tch nc i vi ancol X, ch thu c mt anken duy nht. t chy hon
ton 4,4 gam X thu c 5,6 lt CO2 (ktc). C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X.
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 13. Cho m gam hn hp gm Al, Fe vo dung dch cha 0,1 mol Cu(NO3)2. Sau khi phn ng hon ton
thu c 7,0 gam cht rn A v dung dch B gm hai mui. Kt lun sai l
A. dung dch B cha Al3+ v Cu2+.
B. dung dch B tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3.
C. cht rn A gm Cu, Fe.
D. dung dch B cha Al3+ v
2+
Fe .
M 161

Cu 14. Craking m gam butan thu c hn hp X gm cc cht hu c. Bit t khi hi ca X so vi hiro

bng 17,40. Hiu sut ca phn ng crackinh l
A. 33,33%.
B. 75,00%.
C. 80,00%.
D. 66,67%.
Cu 15. Cho cc phn ng sau:
t
H2S + O2 (d)
Kh X + A
O

NaI + O3 + A
Kh Y + NaOH + T.
NH4HCO3 + NaOH(d) Kh Z + B + A
Cc kh X, Y, Z thu c ln lt l:
A. SO2, O2, NH3.
B. SO3, I2, CO2.
C. SO3, I2, NH3.
D. SO2, H2, CO2.
Cu 16. Cho m gam bt Fe vo 800,00 ml dd hn hp gm AgNO3 0,20M v HNO3 0,25M. Sau khi cc phn
ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 1,40m gam hn hp kim loi v V lt kh NO (duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca
m v V ln lt l
A. 28,73 v 2,24.
B. 21,50 v 1,12.
C. 8,60 v 1,12.
D. 25,00 v 2,24.
Cu 17. Cho V lt SO2( ktc) hp th hon ton vo 0,80 lt dung dch NaOH 1,00M, thu c dung dch A.
C cn dung dch A c 48,10 gam cht rn. Gi tr ca V l
A. 5,60.
B. 8,96.
C. 6,72.
D. 7,84.
Cu 18. Dy gm cc cht u phn ng vi phenol l:
A. nc brom, axit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
B. nc brom, anehit axetic, dung dch NaOH.
C. nc brom, anhirit axetic, dung dch NaOH. D. dung dch NH4Cl, dung dch NaOH, kim loi Na.

Cu 19. Cho lung kh H2 i qua 14,4gam MO (M l kim loi) nung nng thu c 12,8gam hn hp rn X. Cho hn hp
X tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 d, sn phm kh thu c l 4,48 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh Y(gm NO v NO2). T khi
ca Y so vi H2 l 19. Cng thc phn t ca MO l
A. ZnO.
B. CuO.
C. FeO.
D. MgO.
Cu 20. Kh oxi thu c khi nhit phn cc cht: H2O2, KClO3(c MnO2 xc tc), KMnO4, KNO3. Khi nhit
phn hon ton cng s mol mi cht trn, cht cho khi lng kh oxi nhiu nht l:
A. H2O2.
B. KNO3.
C. KClO3.
D. KMnO4.

Cu 21. Cho hn hp X gm hai hp cht hu c no, n chc A, B tc dng va vi 100 ml dd KOH

0,40M, thu c mt mui v 336 ml hi mt ancol ( ktc). Nu t chy hon ton lng hn hp X trn,
sau hp th ht sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng 5,27
gam. Cng thc ca A, B l
A. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7.
B. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5. C. C2H5COOH v
D. CH3COOH v CH3COOC2H5.
C2H5COOCH3.
Cu 22. Hn hp X gm propan, propen v propin c t khi so vi H2 l 21,20. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1
mol X, tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l
A. 16,80 gam.
B. 20,40 gam.
C. 18,96 gam.
D. 18,60 gam.
Cu 23. Cho cc phn ng:
o

t
NH4NO 3
X 1 Y1
o

t
NH3 CuO
X 3 Y1 Z 3 .

t
NH3 Cl2
X 2 Y2
o

t
H2S O 2
X 4 (ran) Y1

S phn ng ha hc to ra n cht l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 24. Dung dch X gm cc cht tan: AgNO3, Al(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2. Chia dung dch X lm hai
phn ri thc hin hai th nghim sau:
- Cho dung dch NaOH d vo phn 1.
- Cho dung dch NH3 d vo phn 2.
Tng s cht kt ta thu c c hai phn ng l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Cu 25. Mt lng Ag dng bt c ln Fe, Cu. loi b tp cht m khng lm thay i lng Ag ban u,
c th ngm lng Ag trn vo lng d dung dch
A. AgNO3.
B. Fe(NO3)3.
C. HNO3.
D. HCl.
Cu 26. Clo ha poli propilen thu c mt loi polime trong clo chim 22,12% Trung bnh mt phn t
clo tc dng vi bao nhiu mt xch ca poli propilen?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 1.
D. 4.
Cu 27. Thnh phn chnh ca qung photphorit l
A. CaHPO4.
B. Ca3(PO4)2.
C. Ca(H2PO4)2.
D. NH4H2PO4.
Cu 28. Este X khng no, mch h, c t khi hi so vi oxi bng 3,125 v khi tham gia phn ng x phng
ho to ra mt anehit v mt mui ca axit hu c. C bao nhiu cng thc cu to ph hp vi X?
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Cu 29. Khng nh ng l

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A. Trong phn t HClO nguyn t clo c ha tr 3.

B. Trong cc hp cht nguyn t oxi c th c cc s oxi ha -2, -1.
C. Trong phn t HNO3 nguyn t nit c ha tr 5.
D. Trong phn t H2O2 nguyn t oxi c ha tr 2 v c s oxi ha -1.
Cu 30. Cho cc ng nghim cha cc cht hu c sau: anlylclorua; 1,3-iclobenzen; etyl clorua;
phenylaxetat; cloeten. Cho dung dch NaOH ln lt vo tng ng nghim cha cc cht trn ri un nng.
S ng nghim c NaCl to thnh sau phn ng l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 31. Trn V ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,10M vi V ml dung dch hn hp gm
NaOH 0,20M v Ba(OH)2 0,10M, thu c dung dch X. Dung dch X c pH l
A. 13,0.
B. 1,2.
C. 1,0.
D. 12,8.
Cu 32. C cc nhn xt sau:
a) Sn phm chnh khi monoclo ho isopentan l dn xut clo bc III.
b) Sn phm chnh khi monobrom ho isopentan l dn xut brom bc III.
c) Sn phm chnh khi un si 2-clobutan vi KOH/etanol l but-1-en.
d) Sn phm chnh khi chiu sng hn hp toluen v clo l p-clotoluen.
S nhn xt ng l:
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
Cu 33. Cho hn hp A gm 0,200 mol Al, 0,350 mol Fe phn ng ht vi V lt dung dch HNO3 1M, thu c
dung dch B, hn hp G gm 0,050 mol N2O v 0,040 mol N2 v cn 2,800 gam kim loi. Gi tr V l
A. 1,480.
B. 1,855.
C. 1,605.
D. 1,200.
Cu 34. Tinh th kim cng thuc loi tinh th
A. nguyn t.
B. phn t.
C. kim loi.
D. ion.
Cu 35. Cho 33,20 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Fe2O3 tc dng vi dd HNO3 long, un nng v khuy u.
Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 2,24 lt kh NO (duy nht, ktc), dung dch Y v cn li
1,20 gam kim loi. C cn dd Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 83,00.
B. 65,00.
C. 58,00.
D. 56,80.
Cu 36. X l mt este no n chc, c t khi hi i vi nit oxit l 3,4.
- Nu em un m gam este X vi mt lng va dd NaOH thu c m1 gam mui.
- Nu em un m gam este X vi mt lng va dd KOH thu c m2 gam mui.
Bit m1 < m < m2. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l:
A. C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOC3H7.
C. HCOOCH(CH3)2.
D. C2H5COOC2H5.
Cu 37. Dung dch A l H2SO4 a(mol/lt), dung dch B l KOH b(mol/lt)
- Trn A vi B theo t l 3:2 thu c dung dch C l qu tm, trung ha 100 ml C cn 20 ml NaOH 1M.
- Trn A vi B theo t l 2:3 thu c dung dch D l xanh qu tm. Trung ha 100 ml D cn 12,60 g dung
dch HNO3 10 %. Gi tr ca a v b ln lt l
A. 0,34; 0,46.
B. 3,5; 5.
C. 0,5; 1.
D. 1,7; 2,3.
Cu 38. Khi thay nguyn t H ca hirocacbon bng nhm -OH th c dn xut hiroxi. C cc nhn nh
sau:
a) Phenol l dn xut hiroxi ca hirocacbon thm.
b) Phenol l dn xut hiroxi m nhm OH nh vi C ca vng thm.
c) Ancol thm l dn xut hiroxi ca hirocacbon thm.
d) Ancol thm l ng ng ca phenol.
S nhn xt ng l
A. 3.
B. 1.
C. 4.
D. 2.
Cu 39. Cho 4,31 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 16,62
gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit l:
A. CH3CHO.
B. CH2=CH-CHO.
C. HCHO.
D. OHC-CHO.
Cu 40. Cho cc cht: phenol, axeton, etanal, etanol. S cht to c lin kt hiro vi nc l
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
II. PHN RING [10 cu]: Th sinh ch c lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41. S ng phn este ng vi cng thc phn t C4H6O2, khi thy phn trong mi trng axit cho hai
sn phm l cc cht hu c u khng lm nht mu nc brom, l
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 1.
D. 2.
Cu 42. Cho 7,872 gam hn hp X gm K v Na vo 200ml dung dch Al(NO3)3 0,4M thu c 4,992 gam
kt ta. Phn trm s mol K trong hn hp X l :
A. 51,562%.
B. 48,438%.
C. 48,438% hoc 51,562%.
D. 61,433%.

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Cu 43. Cho 17,04 gam hn hp rn A gm Ca, MgO, Na2O tc dng ht vi 720 ml dung dch HCl 1M (va
) thu c dung dch A. Khi lng mui NaCl c trong dung dich A l
A. 8,775g.
B. 14,04g.
C. 4,68g.
D. 15,21g.
Cu 44. Thy phn 410,40 gam saccaroz thu c m gam hn hp X gm glucoz v fuctoz (hiu sut
80%). Cho m gam hn hp X tc dng hon ton vi lng d dung dch AgNO3/NH3 thu c a gam Ag.
Gi tr ca a l
A. 414,72.
B. 875,52.
C. 437,76.
D. 207,36.
Cu 45. Tin hnh bn th nghim sau:
- Th nghim 1: Nhng thanh Zn vo dung dch cha lng nh FeCl3;
- Th nghim 2: Nhng thanh Fe vo dung dch cha lng nh CuSO4;
- Th nghim 3: Nhng thanh Cu vo dung dch cha lng nh FeCl3;
- Th nghim 4: Cho thanh hp kim Zn-Fe nhng vo dung dch CH3COOH.
S trng hp xut hin n mn in ho l
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Cu 46. Cho s sau:
o

Br ,CCl

O ,Cu

AgNO /NH (d )

NaOH,t
3
3
2
4
2
C3H6
A
B
C
D

Bit A, B, C, D l cc hp cht hu c. C l hp cht a chc. Cng thc cu to ca D l

A. CH3-CO-COOH.
B. CH3-CO-COONH4. C. CH2(COONH4)2.
D. CH2(COOH)2.
Cu 47. Brom ha mt ankan thu c sn phm c dn xut brm X c % khi lng brm l 69,565%.
Thy phn X trong dung dch kim nng c ancol Y, dung dch nc ca Y c th to dung dch xanh lam
m vi Cu(OH)2. t chy hon ton a mol Y thu c khng qu 6,5a mol nc. S cng thc cu to ph
hp vi X l
A. 6.
B. 5.
C. 4.
D. 3.
Cu 48. Cho 23,640 gam hn hp X gm Al, FeO, CuO tc dng vi lng d kh hidro thu c 4,860 gam
nc v hn hp kim loi Y. Mt khc cho 11,940 gam X tc dng vi lng d dung dch HNO3 long thu
c 1,792 lt kh NO(sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch B. C cn dung dch B c m gam
mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 34,200.
B. 24,660
C. 84,420.
D. 42,210.
Cu 49. Nhm vt liu no di y c ngun gc t polime thin nhin?
A. Cao su isopren, t visco, nilon-6, keo dn g. B. T visco, t tm, cao su buna, cao su lu ha.
C. T visco, phim nh, nha ebonit, t axetat. D. Nha bakelit, t tm, t axetat, phim nh.
Cu 50. Mui X c th c dng lm phn m. X c cc phn ng sau:

X NaOH
Z Y A.
o

t
X
T A.

X l

A. NH4NO3.

B. NH4Cl.

C. (NH4)2HPO4.

D. NH4HCO3.

B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)

Cu 51. Cho 14,880 gam hn hp kim loi X gm Zn, Fe, M(ha tr II) tc dng va vi dung dch HCl
thu c 8,736 lt hidro( ktc). M l
A. Sn.
B. Ca.
Cu 52. Cho phn ng:
o

t
FeS2 H2SO4
Fe2 SO4

C. Ba.

D. Mg.

A H2O.

Bit kh A thng c dng nh l mt cht ty mu. H s ca A trong phn ng trn sau khi cn bng l
A. 13.
B. 33.
C. 22.
D. 23.
Cu 53. Dn V lt ( ktc) hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu
c hn hp kh Y. Dn hn hp kh Y vo lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 24,00 gam kt
ta. Hn hp kh i ra khi dung dch phn ng va vi 8,00 gam brom v cn li hn hp kh Z c th
tch 7,84 lt (ktc) c t khi so vi hiro l 7. Gi tr ca V l:
A. 12,32.
B. 13,44.
C. 15,68.
D. 19,04.
Cu 54. Cho m gam mt ancol no X qua bnh ng CuO (d), nung nng. Sau khi phn ng hon ton thu
c hn hp Y(gm kh v hi) c t khi i vi hiro l 18. Khi cho 3 mol hn hp Y tc dng hon ton
vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 2 mol Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca ancol X l:
A. HOCH2CH2OH.
B. CH2(OH)CH2CH2OH. C. CH3CH(OH)CH2OH. D. C2H5OH.
Cu 55. Cho s :
O ,t o
PdCl2 ,CuCl2

HCN

H O

2
3
CH2 CH2
B
D
E .

Bit B, D, E l cc cht hu c. Cht E c tn gi l

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A. axit acrylic.
B. axt 2-hiroxipropanoic.
C. axt axetic. D. axit
propanoic.
Cu 56. Cho hn hp X gm axit butanoic, axit 2- metylpropanoic v vinyl isobutirat tc dng hon ton v
va vi 200ml dung dch NaOH 1,5M. Tng khi lng mui(khan) thu c sau phn ng l
A. 16,35 gam.
B. 18,45 gam.
C. 32,7 gam.
D. 36,9 gam.
Cu 57. C 4 cht hu c ring bit: benzen, phenol, stiren(hay vinylbenzen), anilin. Bng phng php ha
hc, ch cn mt thuc th phn bit 4 cht trn. Thuc th l:
A. giy qu tm.
B. nc brom.
C. dung dch NaOH.
D. dung dch HCl.
Cu 58. Cho cn bng ha hc sau trong nc:

HF
H F

in li ca HF s gim khi
A. cho thm dung dch HCl long vo.
B. pha long dung dch.
C. cho thm dung dch NH3 vo.
D. cho thm dung dch NaOH long vo.
Cu 59. X l mt hp cht ca Fe. Cho X tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c nng thy thot ra kh SO2 Vi t
l mol X v SO2 l 2:9. X l
A. Fe3O4.
B. FeS.
C. FeS2.
D. FeO.
Cu 60. A v B l hai nguyn t thuc nhm A trong bng tun hon. Tng s electron trong anion AB32- l
40. Nhn xt ng v v tr ca cc nguyn t A v B trong bng tun hon l:
A. c nguyn t A v nguyn t B u thuc nhm VI A.
B. nguyn t A thuc chu k 3, nguyn t B thuc chu k 2.
C. c hai nguyn t A v u thuc chu k 2.
D. nguyn t A thuc nhm V A, nguyn t B thuc nhm VI A.

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