GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

B GD & T

GII THI TUYN SINH I HC 2009

Mn thi : HO, khi B - M : 637

Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t :

H = 1; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; F = 19 ; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl =
35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Mn = 55; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; Br = 80; Ag = 108 ; I = 127 ;
Ba = 137 ; Au = 197
PHN CHUNG CHO TT C TH SINH: (40 cu, t cu 1 n cu 40)
Cu 1 : Cho m gam bt Fe vo 800 ml dung dch hn hp gm Cu(NO3)2 0,2M v
H2SO4 0,25M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c 0,6m gam hn hp
bt kim loi v V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Gi tr ca m v V
ln lt l
A. 17,8 v 4,48.
B. 17,8 v 2,24.
C. 10,8 v 4,48.
D. 10,8 v
2,24.
-nCu2+ = 0,16; nNO3- = 0,32 ; nH+ = 0,4. Kim loi d mui Fe2+
3Fe + 2NO3- + 8H+ 3Fe2+ + 2NO + 4H2O (1)
Fe + Cu2+ Fe2+ + Cu (2)
0,15 ----0,4 ------------ 0,1
0,16 0,16 ------- 0,16
m 0,15.56 (1) + mtng(2) = 0,6m m = 17,8 g v V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 lt

p n B

Cu 2: C cc th nghim sau:
(I) Nhng thanh st vo dung dch H2SO4 long, ngui.
(II) Sc kh SO2 vo nc brom.
(III) Sc kh CO2 vo nc Gia-ven.
(IV) Nhng l nhm vo dung dch H2SO4 c, ngui.
S th nghim xy ra phn ng ha hc l
A. 4.
B. 3.
C. 1.

D. 2.

-(IV) khng xy ra (Al th ng trong dd H2SO4 c, ngui.)

p n B

Cu 3: Dy gm cc cht u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng hp l:

A. 1,1,2,2-tetrafloeten; propilen; stiren; vinyl clorua.
B. buta-1,3-ien; cumen; etilen; trans-but-2-en.
C. stiren; clobenzen; isopren; but-1-en.
D. 1,2-iclopropan; vinylaxetilen; vinylbenzen; toluen.
-Monome phi c lin kt bi : A. CF2=CF2, CH2=CH-CH3, C6H5CH=CH2, CH2=CH-Cl

p n A

Cu 4: t chy hon ton mt hp cht hu c X, thu c 0,351 gam H2O v

0,4368 lt kh CO2 ( ktc). Bit X c phn ng vi Cu(OH) 2 trong mi trng kim
khi un nng. Cht X l
A. CH3COCH3.
B. O=CH-CH=O.
C. CH2=CH-CH2-OH.
D.
C2H5CHO.
-nCO2 = nH2O = 0,197. X tc dng vi Cu(OH)2,t0

p n D

andehit no n chc

Cu 5: Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm

cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang
phi l:
A. N, Si, Mg, K.
B. Mg, K, Si, N.
Su tp : Onthihoa.tk

GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

C. K, Mg, N, Si.

D. K, Mg, Si, N.

-Th t bn knh nguyn t gim nhm IA>IIA>IIA>IVA>VA...

Vy, K(IA)>Mg(IIA)>Si(IVA)>N(VA)

p n D

Cu 6: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Trng hp stiren thu c poli (phenol-fomanehit).
B. Trng ngng buta-1,3-ien vi acrilonitrin c xc tc Na c cao su buna-N.
C. Poli (etylen terephtalat) c iu ch bng phn ng trng ngng cc
monome tng ng.
D. T visco l t tng hp.
-P: nHOCH2-CH2OH + nHOOCC6H4COOH

p n C

[-CH2-CH2OOC-C6H4-COO-]n + 2nH2O

Cu 7: Cho 61,2 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Fe3O4 tc dng vi dung dch HNO3

long, un nng v khuy u. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c
3,36 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc), dung dch Y v cn li 2,4 gam
kim loi. C cn dung dch Y, thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 151,5.
B. 97,5.
C. 137,1.
D. 108,9.
Kim loi cn li l Cu vy to mui Fe2+
-Nhn: N+5 + 3e
N+2 v Fe3O4 + 2e 3Fe2+ . cho: Cu Cu2+ + 2e
0,450,15
y -- 2y
3y
x-------- 2x
64x + 232y = 61, 32 - 2,4 x = 0, 375

y = 0,15 m = 0,375.188 + 0,15.3.180 = 151,5 (g)

2x = 2y + 0,45

p n A

Cu 8: Khi nhit phn hon ton tng mui X, Y th u to ra s mol kh nh hn

s mol mui tng ng. t mt lng nh tinh th Y trn n kh khng mu, thy
ngn la c mu vng. Hai mui X, Y ln lt l:
A. KMnO4, NaNO3. B. Cu(NO3)2, NaNO3. C. CaCO3, NaNO3. D.
NaNO3,
KNO3.
-n

Kh

<n

X v Y

p n A

loi B v C. Y t0 to la vng

mui ca Na. Vy, A

Cu 9: Hn hp X gm axit Y n chc v axit Z hai chc (Y, Z c cng s nguyn

t cacbon). Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau. Cho phn mt tc dng ht vi Na,
sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 ( ktc). t chy hon ton phn hai, sinh ra 26,4 gam CO 2.
Cng thc cu to thu gn v phn trm v khi lng ca Z trong hn hp X ln
lt l
A. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 70,87%.
B. HOOC-COOH v 60,00%.
C. HOOC-CH2-COOH v 54,88%.
D. HOOC-COOH v 42,86%.
- RCOOH + Na RCOONa + H2 ;
R(COOH)2 + 2Na
X
x/2
y
nH2 = x/2+y = 0,02(1) , nCO2 = nx + ny = 0,06 (2)
(CH3COOH v HOOC-COOH)
Thay
vo
(1),
(2)
x
=
0,02
0,1.90
%HOOC - COOH =
.100 = 42, 86(%)
0,1.90 + 0,2.60

R(COONa)2 + H2
y
1,5 <n < 3. Vy n = 2
,

0,01

p n D

Cu 10: Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si t tri

sang phi l:

Su tp : Onthihoa.tk

GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

A. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH, HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO.
C. HCOOH, CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3CHO
D. CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3CHO.
t0si : CH3CHO < C2H5OH < HCOOH < CH3COOH.

p n A

Cu 11: Cho dung dch cha 6,03 gam hn hp gm hai mui NaX v NaY (X, Y l
hai nguyn t c trong t nhin, hai chu k lin tip thuc nhm VIIA, s hiu
nguyn t ZX < ZY) vo dung dch AgNO3 (d), thu c 8,61 gam kt ta. Phn
trm khi lng ca NaX trong hn hp ban u l
A. 58,2%.
B. 52,8%.
C. 41,8%.
D. 47,2%.
gi s mi Ag ca X v Y u kt ta. NaX + AgNO3 NaNO3 + AgX
(23+X)a
(108+X)a m tng =
85a=8,61- 6,06
6,03
- 23 = 178 9. Khng tho mn c NaF (AgF khng kt ta)
a = 0,03 . M X ,Y =
0,03...
cn li NaCl
6, 03 - 0,06.58,5
.100 = 41, 8(%)
nNaCl = NAgCl = 0,06
%NaF =
6, 03

p n C

Cu 12: Ha tan hon ton 20,88 gam mt oxit st bng dung dch H2SO4 c, nng
thu c dung dch X v 3,248 lt kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). C cn
dung dch X, thu c m gam mui sunfat khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 52,2.
B. 48,4.
C. 54,0.
D. 58,0.
Qui FexOy thnh Fe v O : Cho : Fe 3e Fe3+ . Nhn: O + 2e O2- v S+6 + 2e
S . nSO2 = 0,145(mol)
X
3x x
y
2y
0,29<-0,145
56x + 16y = 20,88 x = 0,29

mMui [Fe2(SO4)3 ] = .0,29.400 = 58 (g)

3x = 2y + 0,29 y = 0,29

+4

p n D

Cu 13: Cho cc phn ng ha hc sau:

(1) (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2
(2) CuSO4 + Ba(NO3)2
(3) Na2SO4 + BaCl2
(4) H2SO4 + BaSO3
(5) (NH4)2SO4 + Ba(OH)2
(6) Fe2(SO4)3 + Ba(NO3)2
Cc phn ng u c cng mt phng trnh ion thu gn l:
A. (1), (2), (3), (6).
B. (3), (4), (5), (6).
C. (2), (3), (4), (6).
D. (1), (3), (5), (6).
1,2,3,6 c cng pt ion thu gn l: SO42- + Ba2+

p n A

BaSO4

Cu 14: Ha tan m gam hn hp gm Al, Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long (d). Sau
khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2
(d) vo dung dch X, thu c kt ta Y. Nung Y trong khng kh n khi lng
khng i, thu c cht rn Z l
A. hn hp gm Al2O3 v Fe2O3.
B. hn hp gm BaSO4 v FeO.
C. hn hp gm BaSO4 v Fe2O3.
D. Fe2O3.

Su tp : Onthihoa.tk

GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

Fe
FeSO4
FeOH
( )2
FeOH
( )3
+H 2SO4
+Ba(OH )2,du
+O2 +H 2O ,t 0

t0

FeO

2 3, BaSO4
Al (OH )3 ,tan
Al
Al2(SO4)3
BaSO4
BaSO4

p n C

Cu 15: Cho 0,02 mol amino axit X tc dng va vi 200 ml dung dch HCl
0,1M thu c 3,67 gam mui khan. Mt khc 0,02 mol X tc dng va vi 40
gam dung dch NaOH 4%. Cng thc ca X l
A. (H2N)2C3H5COOH.B. H2NC2C2H3(COOH)2.
C. H2NC3H6COOH.
D. H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
nHCl=nX = 0,02, nNaOH = 2nX c 1nhm -NH2 v 2 nhm COOH
(HOOC)2RNH2 + HCl
(HOOC)2RNH3Cl
0,02

0,02

mui

= 45.2 + R + 52,5 =

3,67
= 183,5
0,02

= 41 (C3H5)
Vy X l:(HOOC)2C3H5NH2

p n D

Cu 16: Cho 2,24 gam bt st vo 200 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm AgNO3

0,1M v Cu(NO3)2 0,5M. Sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c dung
dch X v m gam cht rn Y. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2,80.
B. 4,08.
C. 2,16.
D. 0,64.
nFe = 0,04 ; nCu2+ = 0,1 ; nAg+ = 0,02 .
Cu2+
Fe2+ + Cu

Fe + 2Ag+

Fe2+ + 2Ag

Fe +

0,01 0,02

------ 0,02

(0,04-0,01)

----------- 0,03
m= 0,02.108 + 0,03.64 = 4,08 (g)

p n B

Cu 17: Cho X l hp cht thm; a mol X phn ng va ht vi a lt dung dch

NaOH 1M. Mt khc nu cho a mol X phn ng vi Na (d) th sau phn ng thu
c 22,4a lt kh H2 ( ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l
A. CH3-C6H3(OH)2.
B. HO-C6H4-COOCH3.
C. HO-CH2-C6H4-OH.
D. HO-C6H4-COOH.
nA = nNaOH, nH2 = nA . c 1nhm OH khng linh ng v 1 nhm OH linh ng
(-OH gn trc tip vi vng thm) hoc COOH.

p n C

Cu 18: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm

hu c duy nht. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau
khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y khng lm mt mu nc
brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cu to ca anken l
A. CH3-CH=CH-CH3.
B. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3.
C. CH2=C(CH3)2.
D. CH2=CH2.
Gi s hhX c 1mol, s mol CnH2n+2(x) v H2(1-x). Sau phn ng khi lng hn hp
khng i: 14nx + 2(1-x).
CnH2n + H2
CnH2n+2 .
Trc
x
1-x
0
tng: 1 (mol)
Phn ng
x
x
x
Sau
0
1-2x
x
tng : 1 - 2x + 2= 1-x (mol)

Su tp : Onthihoa.tk

GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

14nx + 2(1- x) = 9,1.2 x = 0,3

14nx + 2(1- x) = 13.2(1- x) n = 4

Xc cu to di xng (cng Br2 to 1 sn phm). Vy CTCT CH3CH=CHCH3

p n A

Cu 19: Th nghim no sau y c kt ta sau phn ng?

A. Cho dung dch NaOH n d vo dung dch Cr(NO3)3.
B. Cho dung dch HCl n d vo dung dch NaAlO2 (hoc Na[Al(OH)4]).
C. Thi CO2 n d vo dung dch Ca(OH)2.
D. Cho dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch AlCl3.
ch: AlCl3 + 3NH3 + 3H2O

p n D

Al(OH)3 + 3NH4Cl. Al(OH)3 khng tan trong dd NH3 d

Cu 20: Cho mt s tnh cht: c dng si (1); tan trong nc (2); tan trong nc
Svayde (3); phn ng vi axit nitric c (xc tc axit sunfuric c) (4); tham gia
phn ng trng bc (5); b thu phn trong dung dch axit un nng (6). Cc tnh
cht ca xenluloz l:
A. (3), (4), (5) v (6) B. (1), (3), (4) v (6)
C. (2), (3), (4) v (5) D. (1,), (2),
(3) v (4).
Tnh cht Xenluloz l (1), (3), (4), (6). (xem li SGK 12)

p n B

Cu 21: Cho cc hp cht sau :

(a) HOCH2-CH2OH
(b) HOCH2-CH2-CH2OH
(c) HOCH2-CH(OH)-CH2OH
(d) CH3-CH(OH)-CH2OH
(e) CH3-CH2OH
(f) CH3-O-CH2CH3
Cc cht u tc dng c vi Na, Cu(OH)2 l
A. (c), (d), (f)
B. (a), (b), (c)
C. (a), (c), (d)
D. (c), (d), (e)
Tc dng vi Na v Cu(OH)2

p n C

C t nht 2 Nhm OH cnh nhau (hoc COOH).

Cu 22: S ipeptit ti a c th to ra t mt hn hp gm alanin v glyxin l

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 1

(a) 4HCl + PbO2 PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

(b) HCl + NH4HCO3 NH4Cl + CO2 + H2O
(c) 2HCl + 2HNO3 2NO3 + Cl2 + 2H2O
(d) 2HCl + Zn ZnCl2 + H2
S phn ng trong HCl th hin tnh kh l
A. 2
B. 4
C. 1

D. 3

Cc dipeptit l: Ala-ala; ala-gli; gli-ala; gli-gli.

p n C

Cu 23: Cho cc phn ng sau :

(a), (c) c 2Cl-

p n A

Cl2 + 2e( cht kh)

Cu 24: Cho hai hp cht hu c X, Y c cng cng thc phn t l C3H7NO2 . Khi
phn ng vi dung dch NaOH, X to ra H2NCH2COONa v cht hu c Z ; cn Y
to ra CH2=CHCOONa v kh T. Cc cht Z v T ln lt l
A. CH3OH v CH3NH2
B. C2H5OH v N2
C. CH3OH v NH3
D. CH3NH2 v NH3

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

C3H7NO2 + NaOH
H2NCH2COONa + CH3OH ;
CH2=CHCOONa + NH3 (bo ton nguyn t)
( X )
(T)

C3H7NO2 + NaOH
( Z )

(Y)

p n C

Cu 25: Nung nng m gam hn hp gm Al v Fe3O4 trong iu kin khng c

khng kh. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp rn X. Cho X tc
dng vi dung dch NaOH (d) thu c dung dch Y, cht rn Z v 3,36 lt kh H2
( ktc). Sc kh CO2 (d) vo dung dch Y, thu c 39 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m
l
A. 48,3
B. 57,0
C. 45,6
D. 36,7
8Al + 3Fe3O4 9Fe + 4Al2O3 . Tc dng vi NaOH to kh Al d.
2x
3/4x
x
Al + NaOH + H2O NaAlO2 + 3/2H2 ; Al2O3 + 2NaOH 2NaAlO2 + H2O; CO2 + 2H2O
+ NaAlO2 Al(OH)3 + NaHCO3
0,1
0,1
0,15
x
2x
0,5
2x + 0,1 = 0,5 ; x=0,2. m = .0,2.232 + (2.0,2+0,1).27 = 48,3 (g)

p n A

Cu 26: Cho hn hp X gm CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Ly 8,6 gam X tc dng ht vi

dung dch brom (d) th khi lng brom phn ng l 48 gam. Mt khc, nu cho
13,44 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3 ,
thu c 36 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca CH4 c trong X l:
A. 40%
B. 20%
C. 25%
D. 50%

C2H2 2Br2 C2H2Br4 ;C2H4 Br2 C2H4Br2 ; C2H2 2AgNO3 2NH3 C2 Ag2 2NH4NO3
c
2c
b
b
c
c
nhhX 0,6 ; nC2H2 36 : 240 0,15 nhh X 4.nC2H2 hay: a b c 4c(1) ; 16a 28b 26c 8,6 (2) ; b 2c 0,3 (3
Gii h (1),(2),(3) ta c: a = 0,2 ; b = 0,1 ; c = 0,1 %VCH4 50 (%)

p n D

Cu 27: Cho cht xc tc MnO2 vo 100 ml dung dch H2O2, sau 60 giy thu c
33,6 ml kh O2 ( ktc) . Tc trung bnh ca phn ng (tnh theo H 2O2) trong 60
giy trn l
A. 2,5.10-4 mol/(l.s)
B. 5,0.10-4 mol/(l.s)
C. 1,0.10-3 mol/(l.s)
D. 5,0.10-5 mol/(l.s)
H2O2

H2O

O 2.

2.33,6
DC
3.10- 2
nH 2O2 = 2nO2 =
= 3,0.10- 4; D C H 2O2 = 3.10- 2;v =
=
= 5.10- 4(mol / l.s)
1000.22.4
Dt
60
p n B

Cu 28: Trn 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M vi 100 ml
dung dch hn hp gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M thu c dung dch X. Dung
dch X c pH l
A. 1,2
B. 1,0
C. 12,8
D. 13,0
nH+ = 0,1(2CMH2SO4 + CMHCl )= 0,02; nNaOH = 0,1[CMNaOH + 2CMBa(OH)2] = 0,04.
H+ + OH- H2O d 0,02 mol OH-. [OH-] = 0,02/(0,1+0,1) = 0,1 = 10-1. [H+] = 10-13. pH
= 13

p n D

Cu 29: in phn c mng ngn 500 ml dung dch cha hn hp gm CuCl 2 0,1M
v NaCl 0,5M (in cc tr, hiu sut in phn 100%) vi cng dng in 5A
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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

trong 3860 giy. Dung dch thu c sau in phn c kh nng ho tan m gam Al.
Gi tr ln nht ca m l
A. 4,05
B. 2,70
C. 1,35
D. 5,40
mCl2 =

35,5.5.3860
= 7,1(g) ng vi nCl2 = 0,1 (mol); nCuCl2 = 0,05; nNaCl = 0,25
96500.1

dpdd
dpdd
CuCl2
Al + NaOH +
Cu + Cl2 ; 2NaCl + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2 + Cl2 ;
H2O NaAlO2 + 3/2H2
0,05 ---------------- 0,05
0,1 -------------------- 0,1 --0,05
0,1 0,1
mAlmax = 0,1.27= 2,7 (g)

p n B

Cu 30: Cho hn hp X gm hai hp cht hu c no, n chc tc dng va vi

100 ml dung dch KOH 0,4M, thu c mt mui v 336 ml hi mt ancol ( ktc).
Nu t chy hon ton lng hn hp X trn, sau hp th ht sn phm chy
vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d) th khi lng bnh tng 6,82 gam. Cng
thc ca hai hp cht hu c trong X l
A. HCOOH v HCOOC2H5
B. CH3COOH v CH3COOC2H5
C. C2H5COOH v C2H5COOCH3
D. HCOOH v HCOOC3H7
n X = nNaOH = 0,04; nancol = 0,015< nX. 1 axit v 1 este ca axit . C n H2 n O2 n CO2
+ n H2O, 44x+18x =6,82.
x= 0,11. n = nCO2/nX = 2,75 ; n.(0,04-0,015) +m.0,015 = 2,75.0,04 ; n= 2
(CH3COOH) v m = 4(CH3COOC2H5)

p n B

Cu 31: Cho cc hp cht hu c :

(1) ankan;
(2) ancol no, n chc, mch h;
(3) xicloankan;
(4) ete no, n chc, mch h;
(5) anken;
(6) ancol khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C),
mch h
(7) ankin;
(8) anehit no, n chc, mch h;
(9) axit no, n chc, mch h (10) axit khng no (c mt lin kt i C=C),
n chc
Dy gm cc cht khi t chy hon ton u cho s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O l
:
A. (3), (5), (6), (8), (9)
B. (3), (4), (6), (7), (10)
C. (2), (3), (5), (7), (9)
D. (1), (3), (5), (6), (8)
nCO2 = NH2O

CT chung hp cht CnH2nOx...C (3),(5),(6),(8),(9) tho mn.

p n A

Cu 32: in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi anot than ch (hiu sut in phn 100%)
thu c m kg Al catot v 67,2 m3 ( ktc) hn hp kh X c t khi so vi hiro
bng 16. Ly 2,24 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X sc vo dung dch nc vi trong (d)
thu c 2 gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 54,0
B. 75,6
C. 67,5
D. 108,0
dpnc
dpnc
dpnc
2Al2O3 + 3C
4Al + 3CO2 ; Al2O3 + C
2Al + 3CO ; 2Al2O3

4Al + 3O2 ; nX = 3 (Kmol)

4/3x x
2/3y
y
4/3z
z
Trong 2,24lit X nCO2= 0,02; nCO= 0,08; Nu X ch c CO v CO2 th

MX =

0,02.44 + 0,08.28
= 31,2 16*2 vy X c O2
0,1

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

Trong X nCO2 = 0.02.3/0,1 = 0,6(Kmol)

x = 0,6
x +y +z = 3

y = 1,8 . Vy m = 27.(4/3.0,6 +2/3.1,8 +4/3.0,6) = 75,56 (g)

x = 0.6

44x + 28y + 32z

z = 0,6

= 16.2
3

p n B

Cu 33: Khi nhit phn hon ton 100 gam mi cht sau : KClO3 (xc tc MnO2),
KMnO4, KNO3 v AgNO3. Cht to ra lng O2 ln nht l
A. KNO3
B. AgNO3
C. KMnO4

D. KClO3

nKNO3 = 100/101; n AgNO3 = 100/170 ; nKMnO4 = 100/142 ; nKClO3 = 100/122,5

KNO3 O2 ;
AgNO3 O2 ;
KMnO4 3/4 O2 ;
KClO3 O2(*)
100/(2.101)
100/(2.170)
(100.3)/(4.142)
100/122,5 (ln
nht)

p n D

Cu 34: Hn hp X gm hai este no, n chc, mch h. t chy hon ton mt

lng X cn dng va 3,976 lt kh O2 ( ktc), thu c 6,38 gam CO2. Mt
khc, X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH, thu c mt mui v hai ancol l ng
ng k tip. Cng thc phn t ca hai este trong X l
A. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2
B. C3H4O2 v C4H6O2
C. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2
D. C2H4O2 v C5H10O2
Thu phn to 1 mui v 2 ancol lin tip 2 este no n chc mch h l ng ng
k tip
CnH2nO2 + 1/2(3n-2) O2 nCO2 + nH2O
0,1775
0,145
0,1774n = .(3n-2).0,145 n=3,625 (C3H6O2
v C4H8O2)

p n C

Cu 35: Hai hp cht hu c X v Y l ng ng k tip, u tc dng vi Na v

c phn ng trng bc. Bit phn trm khi lng oxi trong X, Y ln lt l 53,33%
v 43,24%. Cng thc cu to ca X v Y tng ng l
A. HO-CH2-CH2-CHO v HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO
B. HO-CH(CH3)-CHO v HOOC-CH2-CHO
C. HO-CH2-CHO v HO-CH2-CH2-CHO
D. HCOOCH3 v HCOOCH2-CH3
Th: loi B( khc dy ), loi D(khng tc dng vi Na). Cc cht trn u c CT
chung CnH2nO2

32
53,33
32
43,24
=
n = 2;%OY =
=
m=3
14n + 32
100
14m + 32
100
p n C
%OX =

Cu 36: Hp cht hu c X tc dng c vi dung dch NaOH un nng v vi

dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3. Th tch ca 3,7 gam hi cht X bng th tch ca 1,6
gam kh O2 (cng iu kin v nhit v p sut). Khi t chy hon ton 1 gam X
th th tch kh CO2 thu c vt qu 0,7 lt ( ktc). Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3COOCH3
B. O=CH-CH2-CH2OH C. HOOC-CHO
D.
HCOOC2H5
Loi A (khng tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3),loi B khn tc dng vi NaOH. C nX = no2 .
MX = 37/no2 = 74. CaHbOc
t X: nX = 1/74 ; nco2 0,7/22,4 a nco2/nX = 2,3215 . Vy X l HCOOC2H5

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

p n D

Cu 37: Thc hin cc th nghim sau :

(I) Cho dung dch NaCl vo dung dch KOH.
(II) Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch Ca(OH)2
(III) in phn dung dch NaCl vi in cc tr, c mng ngn
(IV) Cho Cu(OH)2 vo dung dch NaNO3
(V) Sc kh NH3 vo dung dch Na2CO3.
(VI) Cho dung dch Na2SO4 vo dung dch Ba(OH)2.
Cc th nghim u iu ch c NaOH l:
A. II, V v VI
B. II, III v VI
C. I, II v III

D. I, IV v V

iu ch NaOH t (II),(III),(VI)

p n B

Cu 38: Ho tan hon ton 2,9 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v oxit ca n vo

nc, thu c 500 ml dung dch cha mt cht tan c nng 0,04M v 0,224 lt
kh H2 ( ktc). Kim loi M l
A. Ca
B. Ba
C. K
D. Na
M + nH2O M(OH)n + n/2H2 ; M2On + nH2O
2H+ + 2e H2

2M(OH)n ; M

Mn+ + ne; O + 2e

x
0,02 0,01
Mx + 16y = 2,9(1)

2,9 - 16(0, 02n - 0,02) 3, 06 - 0,16n

=
;n=2
x = nM (OH )n = 0,02(2) M =

2.0,02
0,02
nx = 2y + 0,02(3)

nx y

O2-;
2y

M =137 (Ba)

p n B

Cu 39: Khi cho a mol mt hp cht hu c X (cha C, H, O) phn ng hon ton

vi Na hoc vi NaHCO3 th u sinh ra a mol kh. Cht X l
A. etylen glicol
B. axit aipic
C. axit 3-hiroxipropanoic
D. ancol o-hiroxibenzylic
Tc dng vi NaHCO3 l axit: R(COOH)n + nNaHCO3 ...+ nCO2 + ... C nX = nCO 2
1nhm COOH.
Tc dng vi Na nX = nH2 c thm 1 nhm OH. (axit 3-hidroxipropanoic: HO-CH2-CH2COOH tho mn)
A.HOCH2-CH2OH v D.o- HO-C6H4-CH2OH khng td NaHCO3; B.HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH td
vi NaHCO3 -2a mol CO2.

p n C

Cu 40: Pht biu no sau y l ng?

A. Nc thuc loi tinh th phn t.
B. th rn, NaCl tn ti di dng tinh th phn t
C. Photpho trng c cu trc tinh th nguyn t
D. Kim cng c cu trc tinh th phn t.
NaCl tinh th ion ; P trng tinh th phn t; kim cng tinh th nguyn t.

p n A

II. PHN RING: [10 cu]

Th sinh ch c chn lm mt trong hai phn (phn A hoc B)
A. Theo chng trnh Chun: (10 cu, t cu 41 n cu 50)
Cu 41: Pht biu no sau y l ng ?
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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

A. Glucoz b kh bi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3
B. Xenluloz c cu trc mch phn nhnh
C. Amilopectin c cu trc mch phn nhnh
D. Saccaroz lm mt mu nc brom.
Amilopectin : mch phn nhnh. Amiloz: mch thng.

p n C

Cu 42: Nhng mt thanh st nng 100 gam vo 100 ml dung dch hn hp gm

Cu(NO3)2 0,2M v AgNO3 0,2M. Sau mt thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra, ra sch
lm kh cn c 101,72 gam (gi thit cc kim loi to thnh u bm ht vo
thanh st). Khi lng st phn ng l
A. 2,16 gam
B. 0,84 gam
C. 1,72 gam
D. 1,40 gam
nCu(NO3)2=0,02 ; nAgNO3= 0,02. st d Fe2+ . mtng = 101,72-100 = 1,72 (g)
Fe + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (1) ; Fe + Cu(NO3)2 Cu + Fe(NO3)2 (2). T (1) mtng
= 0,02.108-0,01.56 = 1,6(g)
0,010,02
0,01
tng do (2) l: 0,12 = 64x 56x ; x= 0,015 ; m = 0,01.56+0,015.56 = 1,4 (g)

p n D

Cu 43: Hir ho hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc,

mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng thu c (m + 1) gam hn hp hai
ancol. Mt khc, khi t chy hon ton cng m gam X th cn va 17,92 lt kh
O2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca m l
A. 10,5
B. 17,8
C. 8,8
D. 24,8
CnH2nO + H2 CnH2n+1OH : c (14n + 18)x (14n + 16)x = m+1-m 2x = 1 ; x = 0,5
mol
CnH2nO + (3n-1)O2 nCO2 + nH2O
1
(1,5n+0,5)
0,5
0,8
0,5(1,5n+0,5) = 0,8.1 n = 1,4 m =
(14n+16)0,5 = 17,8 (g)

p n B

Cu 44: Cho 100 ml dung dch KOH 1,5M vo 200 ml dung dch H3PO4 0,5M, thu
c dung dch X. C cn dung dch X, thu c hn hp gm cc cht l
A. K3PO4 v KOH
B. KH2PO4 v K3PO4
C. KH2PO4 v H3PO4
D. KH2PO4 v K2HPO4
nK OH

nKOH = 0,15. nH3PO4 = 0,1. Vy: 1 < n

H 3PO4

< 2 to NaH2PO4 v Na2HPO4

p n D

Cu 45: ng dng no sau y khng phi ca ozon?

A. Cha su rng

B. Ty trng tinh bt, du

C. iu ch oxi trong phng th nghim

D. St trng nc sinh hot

n
A,B,D l ng dng ca ozon

p n C

Cu 46: Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 :
1, thu c cht hu c Y (cha 74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi
HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi ca X l
A. but-1-en
B. but-2-en
C. propilen
D. Xiclopropan

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

C 1 lin kt pi CnH2n

%Br =

2.80
74,08
=
;n = 4 ; Khi tc dng vi HBr to
14n + 2.80
100

nhiu sn phm X c cu tao bt i xng : But-1-en

p n A

Cu 47: Cho s chuyn ho gia cc hp cht ca crom :

Cr(OH)3 KOH
X (Cl 2 KOH)
Y H2SO
4 Z
Cc cht X, Y, Z, T theo th t l:
A. KCrO2; K2CrO4; K2Cr2O7; Cr2(SO4)3
B. K2CrO4; KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; Cr2(SO4)3
C. KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; K2CrO4; CrSO4
D. KCrO2; K2Cr2O7; K2CrO4; Cr2(SO4)3
Vit

(FeSO4 H 2SO4 )

li
KOH

(Cl2 KOH)

chui :
H 2SO4

(FeSO 4 H 2SO 4 )

Cr(OH)3 KCrO2 (X) KCrO4 (Y) K 2Cr2O7 (Z) (Cr2 (SO4 )3 (T)
p n A

Cu 48: Este X (c khi lng phn t bng 103 vC) c iu ch t mt ancol

n chc (c t khi hi so vi oxi ln hn 1) v mt amino axit. Cho 25,75 gam X
phn ng ht vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, thu c dung dch Y. C cn Y thu
c m gam cht rn. Gi tr m l:
A. 29,75
B. 27,75
C. 26,25
D. 24,25
(NH2 )mR(COOR)n =103 . MROH >32 (ROH khc CH3OH) m= n = 1; R l -C2H5 Vy
CTCT X l NH2-CH2COOC2H5
nNaOH =0,3. n X = 0,25 d 0,05 mol NaOH
NH2CH2COOC2H5 + NaOH NH2CH2COONa + C2H5OH;
0,25
0,25
0,25
0,25
m = mX + mNaOH mc2H5oH = 25,75 + 0,3.40 - 0,25.46 = 26,25 (g)

p n C

Cu 49: Ho tan hon ton 24,4 gam hn hp gm FeCl2 v NaCl (c t l s mol

tng ng l 1 : 2) vo mt lng nc (d), thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch
AgNO3 (d) vo dung dch X, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra m gam
cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 68,2
B. 28,7
C. 10,8
D. 57,4
127x + 58,5.2.x= 24,4
x = 0,1.
FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Fe(NO3)2 ;
NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3 ;
Fe(NO3)2 + AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag (*)
m = (0,01.2 + 0,02)143,5 + 108.0,1 = 68,2 (g); !! Lu phn ng (*)

p n A

Cu 50: t chy hon ton 1 mol hp cht hu c X, thu c 4 mol CO2. Cht X
tc dng c vi Na, tham gia phn ng trng bc v phn ng cng Br2 theo t l
mol 1 : 1. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. HOOC-CH=CH-COOH
B. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=CH-CHO
C. HO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CHO
D. HO-CH2-CH=CH-CHO
nCO2 = 4 c 4C; T/dng vi Na c -OH hoc -COOH; c phn ng trng Ag c -CH=O;
cng Br2 (1:1) c 1lin kt C=C
CTCT l HO-CH2-CH=CH-CH=O

p n D

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

B. Theo chng trnh Nng cao: (10 cu, t cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: Cho s chuyn ho:
H SO a
c,to

Butan 2 ol 2 4 X(anken) HBr Y Mg,etekhan

Z
Trong X, Y, Z l sn phm chnh. Cng thc ca Z l
A. CH3-CH(MgBr)-CH2-CH3
B. (CH3)3C-MgBr
C. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-MgBr
D. (CH3)2CH-CH2-MgBr
Chui vit li dng
o

Butan 2 ol H 2SO 4 a
c,t X(But 2 en) HBr Y (2 brombutan) Mg,etekhan
Z(CH3 CH(MgBr) CH2 CH3)
p n A

Cu 52: Cho cc th in cc chun :

E 0 3
Al

/Al

E0

Cu 2 /Cu

1, 66V; E 0

Zn 2 /Zn

0, 76V ; E 0

Pb 2 /Pb

0,13V ;

0,34V . Trong cc pin sau y, pin no c sut in ng chun ln nht?

A. Pin Zn - Pb
C. Pin Al - Zn

B. Pin Pb - Cu
D. Pin Zn Cu

Xem li SGK 12

p n D

Cu 53: Pht biu no sau y khng ng?

A. Glucoz tn ti dng mch h v dng mch vng
B. Glucoz tc dng c vi nc brom
C. Khi glucoz dng vng th tt c cc nhm OH u to ete vi CH3OH
D. dng mch h, glucoz c 5 nhm OH k nhau.
Xem li SGK 12

p n C

Cu 54: Cho dung dch X cha hn hp gm CH3COOH 0,1M v CH3COONa

0,1M. Bit 250C Ka ca CH3COOH l 1,75.10-5 v b qua s phn li ca nc. Gi
tr pH ca dung dch X 25oC l
A. 1,00
B. 4,24
C. 2,88
D. 4,76
CH3COOH CH3COO- + H+ ;
0,1-x
x
x

KA =

CH3COONa
0,1

CH3COO- + Na+
0,1
0,1

[CH 3COO - ].[H + ] (0,1 + x).x 0,1x

=
=
= 1,75.10- 5
[CH 3COOH ]
0,1- x
0,1

x = 1,75.10-5

pH = -Log

(1,75.10-5) = 4,76

p n D

Cu 55: Khi ho tan hon ton 0,02 mol Au bng nc cng toan th s mol HCl
phn ng v s mol NO (sn phm kh duy nht) to thnh ln lt l
A. 0,03 v 0,01 B. 0,06 v 0,02
C. 0,03 v 0,02
D. 0,06 v 0,01
Au + 3HCl + HNO3
0,02 0,06

p n B

AuCl3 + NO + 2H2O
0,02

Cu 56: Cho 0,04 mol mt hn hp X gm CH2=CH-COOH, CH3COOH v

CH2=CH-CHO phn ng va vi dung dch cha 6,4 gam brom. Mt khc,
trung ho 0,04 mol X cn dng va 40 ml dung dch NaOH 0,75 M . Khi lng
ca CH2=CH-COOH trong X l
A. 1,44 gam
B. 2,88 gam
C. 0,72 gam
D. 0,56 gam
CH2=CH-COOH + Br2

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GV : PHM NH PHONG HSP TP H CH MINH

CH2=CH-CHO + 2Br2 ;
CH2=CH-COOH + NaOH
CH3-COOH + NaOH

x + y + z = 0,04(1) x = 0,02

Gii h x + 2z = 0, 04(2) y = 0, 01 mCH 2 = CH - COOH = 0, 01.72 = 0,72(g)

x + y + 0, 03(3) z = 0,01

p n A

Cu 57: Ngi ta iu ch anilin bng s sau

Benzen

HNO3 a
c
H2SO4 a
c

Nitrobenzen

Fe HCl
t0

Anilin

Bit hiu sut giai on to thnh nitrobenzen t 60% v hiu sut giai on
to thnh anilin t 50%. Khi lng anilin thu c khi iu ch t 156 gam
benzen l
A. 186,0 gam
B. 111,6 gam
C. 55,8 gam
D. 93,0 gam
93.156 60 50
mAnilin =
.
.
= 55,8(g)
78 100 100
p n C

Cu 58: Phn bn no sau y lm tng chua ca t?

A. NaNO3

B. KCl

C. NH4NO3

NH4+ + H2O NH3 + H3O+ (axit lm chua t)

D. K2CO3

p n C

Cu 59: Hn hp X gm hai ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy

ng ng. Oxi ho hon ton 0,2 mol hn hp X c khi lng m gam bng CuO
nhit thch hp, thu c hn hp sn phm hu c Y. Cho Y tc dng vi mt
lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 54 gam Ag. Gi tr ca m l
A. 15,3
B. 8,5
C. 8,1
D. 13,5
nAg = 0,5 > 2nX vy c HCH=O, 2 ancol l CH3OH:
xmol v C2H5OH: y mol gii h x=0,05; y= 0,15
m = 0,15.32 + 0,05.46 = 8,5 (g)

p n B

Cu 60: Ho tan hon ton 1,23 gam hn hp X gm Cu v Al vo dung dch HNO3

c, nng thu c 1,344 lt kh NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc) v dung dch
Y. Sc t t kh NH3 (d) vo dung dch Y, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c m gam kt ta. Phn trm v khi lng ca Cu trong hn hp X v gi tr
ca m ln lt l
A. 21,95% v 0,78
B. 78,05% v 0,78
C. 78,05% v 2,25
D.
21,95% v 2,25
Cho: Cu
X

Cu+2 + 2e; nhn: Al

2x
y

Al+3 + 3e ; N+5 + 1e
N+4
3y
0,06 0,06

2x + 3y = 0,06 x = 0.015
0,015.64

%Cu =
.100 = 78,05(5), m = mAl (OH )3 = 0,01.78 = 0,78(g)
64x + 27y = 1,23 y = 0,01
1,23

( y Cu(OH)2 tan ht trong dd NH3)

p n B

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