I, Tng quan ATEMEGA16 Gii thiu AVR: - Vi iu khin AVR do hng Atmel ( hoa k ) sn xut c gii thiu ln u tin

nm 1996. AVR c rt nhiu dng khc nhau bao gm dng Tiny ( nh At tiny 13, At tiny 22) c kch thc b nh nh, t b phn ngoi vi , ri n dng AVR ( chng hn AT90S8535, AT90S8515) co kch thc b nh vo loi trung bnh v manh hn l dng Mega ( nh ATmega 16, Atmega 32, ATmega 128..) vi b nh c kch thc vi Kbyte n vi trm Kb cng vi b ngoi vi a dng c tch hpc b LCD trn chip ( dng LCD AVR). Tc ca dng Mega cng cao hn so vi cc dng khc. S khc nhau c bn gia cc ng chnh l cu trc ngoi vi, cn nhn th vn nh nhau - ATmega16 l mt lai Vi iu khin c nhu tnh nng c bit thch hp cho vic gii quyt nhng bi tan iu khin trn nn vi x l. +Cc lai vi iu khin AVR rt ph bin trn th trng Vit Nam nn khng kh khn trong vic thay th v sa cha h thng lc cn. +Gi thnh ca dng Vi iu Khin ny kh phi chng +Cc phn mm lp trnh v m ngun m c th tm kim kh d dng trn mng.Cc thit k demo nhiu nn c nhiu gi tt cho ngi thit k h thng. - ATmega16 l vi iu khin 8bit da trn kin trc RISC. Vi kh nng thc hin mi lnh trong vong mt chu k xung clock, Atmega16 c th t c tc 1MIPS trn mi MHz( 1triu lnh/s/MHz),cc lnh c x l nhanh hn,tiu th nng lng thp. 1. chn v chc nng cc chn

Atmega16 gm c 40 chn: - Chn 1 n 8 : Cng nhp xut d liu song song B ( PORTB ) n c th c s dng cc chc nng c bit thay v nhp xut d liu - Chn 9 : RESET a chip v trng thi ban u - Chn 10 : VCC cp ngun nui cho vi iu khin - Chn 11,31 : GND 2 chn ny c ni vi nhau v ni t - Chn 12,13 : 2 chn XTAL2 v XTAL1 dng a xung nhp t bn ngoi vo chip - Chn 14 n 21 : Cng nhp xut d liu song song D ( PORTD ) n c th c s dng cc chc nng c bit thay v nhp xut d liu - Chn 22 n 29 : Cng nhp xut d liu song song C ( PORTC ) n c th c s dng cc chc nng c bit thay v nhp xut d liu - Chn 30 : AVCC cp in p so snh cho b ADC - Chn 32 : AREF in p so snh tn hiu vo ADC - Chn 33 n 40 : Cng vo ra d liu song song A ( PORTA ) ngoi ra n cn c tch hp b chuyn i tn hiu tng t sang tn hiu s ADC ( analog to digital converter 2, Vo ra ca vi iu khin PORTA ( PA7 PA0 ) : l cc chn s 33 n 40. L cng vo ra song song 8 bt khi khng dng ch ADC. Bn trong c sn cc in tr ko, khi PORTA l output th cc in tr ko ko hot ng , khi PORTA l input th cc in tr ko c kch hot. PORTB ( PB7 ... PB0 ) : l cc chn s 1 n 8. N tng t nh PORTA khi s dng vo ra song song. Ngoi ra cc chn ca PORTB cn c cc chc nng t bit s c nhc n sau. PORTC ( PC7 ... PC0 ) : l cc chn 22 n 30. Cng ging PORTA v PORTB khi l cng vo ra song song. Nu giao tip JTAG c bt, cc tr treo cc chn PC5(TDI), PC3(TMS), PC2(TCK) s hot ng khi s kin reset sy ra. Chc nng giao tip JTAG v 1 s chc nng c bit khc s c nghin cu sau PORTD ( PD7 ... PD0 ) : l cc chn 13 n 21. Cng l 1 cng vo ra song song ging cc PORT khc, ngoi ra n cn c 1 s tnh nng c bit s c nghin cu sau. 3, mch cp ngun nui cho vi iu khin

4, mch cp giao ng ngoi cho vi iu khin dng thch anh

5, Mch np avr910 usb