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Giao trnh CP THOAT NC

Nguyn nh Hun = 4 = HBKN













I I I I - -- - NH NGHA NH NGHA NH NGHA NH NGHA H THNG CP NC H THNG CP NC H THNG CP NC H THNG CP NC
al |nh ngha.
HTCN
1
la tp hp ca c cng trnh ky thut dung thu, x ly, d tr, i u hoa vn
chuyn va phn phi nc n cac i tng s dung.
bl Fhn IoaI.
- Theo i tng s dung nc: HTCN th, cng nghip, nng nghip, ng st...
- Theo muc ch s dung nc: HTCN sinh hoat, san xut, cha chay.
- Theo phng phap s dung nc: HTCN trc ti p (thng), tun hoan, lin tuc,...
- Theo loai ngun nc: HTCN mt , ngm,...
- Theo nguyn tc lam vic cua h thng: HTCN co ap, khng ap, t chay.
- Theo phng phap cha chay: HTCN cha chay co ap lc cao, thp,...
- Theo pham vi cp nc: HTCN bn ngoai nha, HTCN bn trong nha.
Vic phn loai nay ch mang tnh cht tng i ma thi v chung co th co y ngha
an xen nhau, khng ta ch ri nhau, trong cai nay co cai kia va ngc lai.
Ta co th kt hp cac h thng o lai vi nhau, v du HTCN sinh hoat + cha chay,
san xut + cha chay hoc ca sinh hoat + san xut va cha chay lam mt. i vi cac khu
th va khu dn c, ngi ta thng kt hp HTCN sinh hoat va cha cha y lam mt. Con i
vi cac x nghip cng nghip (XNCN) co th xy dng mt HTCN sa n xut ring va mt
HTCN cho sinh hoat va cha chay ring.






1
HTCN: h thng cp nc
Giao trnh CP THOAT NC
Nguyn nh Hun = 5 = HBKN
II II II II CAC S CAC S CAC S CAC S HTCN HTCN HTCN HTCN & CHC NNG TNG CNG TRNH & CHC NNG TNG CNG TRNH & CHC NNG TNG CNG TRNH & CHC NNG TNG CNG TRNH
1/ HTCN CHO SINH HOAT TH:
al Fhuong an su dung nuor mI.







|||| !.!. Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1|. |||| !.!. Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1|. |||| !.!. Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1|. |||| !.!. Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1|.
bl Fhuong an dung nuor ngm.










|||| !. |||| !. |||| !. |||| !.2 22 2. Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1| 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1| 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1| 1p |uu u Ju| |uu |1|. .. .
rl Fhuong an su dung nhIu ngun nuor khar nhau 4 rp nuor rho ra r Ihanh ph Ion.














|||| !. |||| !. |||| !. |||| !.3 33 3. Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 1p |uu u Ju| ||iu |u| 1p |uu u Ju| ||iu |u| 1p |uu u Ju| ||iu |u| 1p |uu u Ju| ||iu |u|. .. .
4
8
7
5
3 2
1
6
4
4
8
7
5 3
6
4
Cac
ging
khoan
va
bm
cp 1
1+2
1+2
1+2
4
8
7
5 3 2 1
6
4
4
5 3
4
2
4
7
5
3
4
1
1+2 1+2 1+2
Giao trnh CP THOAT NC
Nguyn nh Hun = 6 = HBKN

KY HIU VA CHC NNG CAC CNG TRNH:
1. 1. 1. 1. Cng trnh thu nuoc Cng trnh thu nuoc Cng trnh thu nuoc Cng trnh thu nuoc: dung thu nc ngun (sng, h, nc ngm,...).
2. 2. 2. 2. Tram bom cp 1 Tram bom cp 1 Tram bom cp 1 Tram bom cp 1: dung bm nc t cng trnh thu ln cng trnh x ly.
3. 3. 3. 3. Tram xu |y Tram xu |y Tram xu |y Tram xu |y: dung la m sach nc cp.
4. 4. 4. 4. Cac b chua nuoc sach Cac b chua nuoc sach Cac b chua nuoc sach Cac b chua nuoc sach: dung cha n c a lam sach, d tr nc ch a chay va iu hoa
ap lc gia cac tram x ly (tram bm 1 va tram bm 2).
5. 5. 5. 5. Tram bom cp 2 Tram bom cp 2 Tram bom cp 2 Tram bom cp 2: dung bm nc t b cha nc sach ln ai hoc vao mang phn phi
cung cp cho ca c i tng s dung.
6. 6. 6. 6. Dai nuoc Dai nuoc Dai nuoc Dai nuoc : dung d tr nc, iu ho a ap lc cho mang gia cac gi dung nc khac
nhau.
7. 7. 7. 7. Duong ng chuyn tai Duong ng chuyn tai Duong ng chuyn tai Duong ng chuyn tai: dung vn chuyn n c t tram bm cp 2 n im u tin cua
mang li phn phi nc.
8. 8. 8. 8. Mang |uoi phn phi nuoc Mang |uoi phn phi nuoc Mang |uoi phn phi nuoc Mang |uoi phn phi nuoc: dung vn chuyn va phn phi nc tr c ti p n ca c i tng
s dung.
Tuy theo yu cu v cht lng nc, yu cu v cac ch tiu kinh t ky thut va tuy
theo iu kin t nhin tng ni, ngi ta co th:
- T hp ca c cng trnh lai vi nhau, v du: t hp cng trnh thu nc vi tram bm
1, hoc ca cng trnh thu nc, tram bm 1, tram bm 2 thanh mt khi.
- Co th bt mt s cng trnh b phn trong mt s cng trnh nu trn, nh bo bt
tram bm 2 va tram x ly nu chon c ngun nc tt, co th cp thng cho i tng s
dung ma khng cn x ly .
- Co th khng cn ai nc nu h thng cp nc co cng sut ln, ngun in
lun bao am va tram bm cp 2 s dung loai bm ly tm iu khin t ng...
2/ HTCN CHO CA C X NGHIP CNG NGHIP:
Cac x nghip cng nghip rt phong phu, a dang, phu thuc vao dy chuyn cng
ngh san xut ca c loai sa n phm khac nhau, do o nhu cu v lu lng, cht lng cung nh
ap lc nc rt khac nhau. V th cac s HTCN cho ca c XNCN cung rt a dang.
Khi cac XNCN gn ca c khu dn c va cht lng nc san xut tng t nh cht
lng nc sinh hoat, lu lng nc san xut khng ln th nn xy dng kt hp HTCN sinh
hoat + san xut + cha chay lam mt h thng.
nhng vung co nhiu x nghip cng nghip tp trung th nn dung chung mt
HTCN cho cac XNCN, v nh vy se giam c s lng ca c cng trnh, h thng ng ng
va do o giam c chi ph xy dng cung nh chi ph quan ly h thng.
Nhn chung, co th s dung cac s cac HTCN nh a nu trn. Ngoa i ra, co th
thc hin theo ca c phng an sau:

Giao trnh CP THOAT NC
Nguyn nh Hun = 7 = HBKN
al 6p Ihng rho san xu I va kI hop xu Iy rho sInh hoaI.












|||| !. |||| !. |||| !. |||| !.4 44 4. Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 1p |uu +| /u1| || |up i|| |u+| 1p |uu +| /u1| || |up i|| |u+| 1p |uu +| /u1| || |up i|| |u+| 1p |uu +| /u1| || |up i|| |u+|. .. .
1. Cng trnh thu. 6. B chua nuoc sach.
2.Tram bom cp 1. 7. Tra m bom cp 2.
3. ng chuyn n. 8. Ma ng ng phn phi nuoc cho cac khu n cu.
4. Cac XNCN. 9. Dai nuoc.
5. Tra m xu |y nuoc .

bl 6p nuor Iun hoan.






|||| !. |||| !. |||| !. |||| !.5 55 5. Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 1p |uu |u1| |u+| 1p |uu |u1| |u+| 1p |uu |u1| |u+| 1p |uu |u1| |u+|. .. .
1. Cac XNCN. 5. Nuoc cp b sung.
2. Ng n nuoc da qua san xut. 6. ng n nuoc da xu |y.
3. Tra m bom nuoc da qua san xut . 7. Tra m bom nuoc da xu |y.
4. Tra m xu |y (nuoc |am ngui|. 8. ng n nuoc tro |ai cac XNCN.

rl 6p nuor nI IIp (IIn Iur).







|||| !. |||| !. |||| !. |||| !. . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 . Su 1 1p |uu li| |u 1p |uu li| |u 1p |uu li| |u 1p |uu li| |u. .. .
4
1
C
6
2
8
B A
3
(3 - 5%Q)
7
9
1
2
8
3
5 7 6 5 4
6
8
4
C B A
3
7 5
9
6
1
2
Giao trnh CP THOAT NC
Nguyn nh Hun = 8 = HBKN

1. Cng trnh thu nuoc . 6. Tra m xu |y nuoc da qua san xut .
2. Tra m bom 1. 7. Tra m bom 3.
3. Tra m |am sa ch va cac b chua. 8. Tra m |am sa ch.
4. Tra m bom 2. 9. Cu a xa nuoc da xu |y ra sng.
5. Cac XNCN.


III III III III LA CHON S HTCN LA CHON S HTCN LA CHON S HTCN LA CHON S HTCN
Vic la chon s HTCN cho mt i tng cu th trong thit k la vic rt quan
trong v no se quyt nh gia thanh xy dng va gia thanh quan ly cu a h thng. V vy khi
thit k phai nghin cu tht y u cac yu t sau y, tin hanh tnh toan so sanh cac
phng an v mt kinh t - ky thut co th chon mt s ti u:
- iu kin v thin nhin, trc ht la ngun nc (cn xem xet vn bao v va s
dung tng hp cac ngun nc, am bao cung cp u lu lng cho nhu cu hin tai va kha
nng phat trin trong tng lai), sau o la ca c y u t v thuy vn, cac i u kin v a hnh
trong khu vc.
- Yu cu v lu lng, cht lng va ap lc cu a cac i tng s dung nc.
- Kha nng xy dng va quan ly h thng (v tai chnh, mc trang b ky thut, t
chc quan ly h thng ...).
- Phai da vao s qui hoach chung va an thit k xy dng khu dn c va cng
nghip.
- Phai phi hp vi vic thit k h thng thoat nc.
Nhng phng an va gia i phap ky thut chu yu ap dung khi thit k h thng cp
nc phai da trn c s so sanh cac ch tiu kinh t - ky thut sau y:
- Gia thanh u t xy d ng.
- Chi ph quan ly hang nm.
- Chi ph xy dng cho 1 m
3
nc thnh theo cng sut ngay trung bnh chung cho ca
h thng va cho tram x ly.
- Chi ph in nng cho 1 m
3
nc .
- Gia thanh x ly va gia thanh san ph m cu a 1 m
3
nc.
Cac ch tiu trn phai xet toan b h thng va ring cho tng t xy dng.
Phng an ti u la phng an co gia tr chi ph qui i nho nht, co xet n chi ph
xy dng vung bao v v sinh.

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