TM HIU UCP 600 THNG QUA CC TNH HUNG MINH HA (IU 1-18)

Danh sch nhm : 1. Phm Anh Dng 2. Phm Huyn Trang 3. Nguyn Hong T Anh 4. Trn Nht Linh 5. Nguyn Hong Nhi 6. Trng Minh Thun 7. Nguyn Th Phng Tho 8. Phm Th Thanh Tho 9. Phan Th Trc H 10. L nh Thn NH2 K36 NH3 K36 NH2 K36 NH3 K36 NH2 K36 NH2 K36 NH3 K36 NH1 K36 NH3 K36 NH2 K36

1. Tng quan v UCP 600

Ngy nay, nhu cu giao thng gia cc quc gia trn th gii ngy cng pht trin; hot ng mua bn trao i din ra si ni v tp np hn. V l hot ng thanh ton quc t khng ngng i mi v pht trin theo. Trong ngoi thng, vic thanh ton gia cc nh xut khu v nhp khu thuc hai quc gia khc nhau phi c tin hnh thng qua ngn hng bng nhng phng thc thanh ton nht nh. Phng thc thanh ton quc t l cch thc thc hin vic giao hng v tr tin ca mt hp ng xut nhp khu thng qua trung gian ngn hng. Vic la chn phng thc thanh ton quc t no l ty thuc vo s chit khu gia hai bn v ph hp vi tp qun cng nh lut l trong thanh ton v bun bn quc t. Mt trong nhng phng thc thanh ton quc t hin nay c s dng ph bin l phng thc thanh ton tn dng chng t. Ni dung phng thc thanh ton tn dng chng t c thc hin theo Quy tc v thc hnh thng nht v tn dng chng t (Uniform Customs and Practice for documentary credits) do phng thng mi quc t (ICC) ban hnh . Vn bn u tin c xut bn nm 1933 (UCP No 82), sau UCP c 6 ln sa i b sung qua cc nm 1951 (UCP No 131), 1962 (UCP No 222), 1974 (UCP No 290), 1983 (UCP 400), 1993 (UCP No 500), 2007 (UCP No 600) - y l vn bn mi nht c gi tr hiu lc t ngy 1/1/2007. Hin nay, UCP c s dng trn 180 nc trn th gii , nm 1962 ln u tin c dch ra Ting Vit. UCP c coi l mt vn bn quy tc hng dn, cc bn s dng c quyn la chn mt trong 6 bn UCP . Tuy nhin ch c bn UCP bng ting Anh mi c gi tr php l.

2. Tm hiu UCP 600 ( iu 1-18 ) thng qua cc tnh hung minh ha 2.1 - iu 1: Phm vi s dng UCP
TNH HUNG 1 Sau ngy 01/07/2007, cc phin bn UCP trc ( t UCP 82 ti UCP 500 ) cn c p dng trong giao dch thanh ton qua phng thc tn dng chng t hay khng? Gii quyt: Cu tr li l vn c p dng nu nh trong L/C dn chiu l p dng UCP . V theo iu 1 UCP 600 th UCP 600 l nhng iu lut p dng cho tt c cc tn dng chng t ( k c Th tn dng d phng trong chng mc bn quy tc c th p dng c) khi ni dung ca Th tn dng ghi r n tun theo bn quy tc ny. C ngha l: L/C ch p dng UCP 600 khi trong L/C ghi r tham chiu UCP 600. Khi mt phin bn UCP mi ra i th cc phin bn UCP trc vn cn nguyn gi tr hiu lc nu cc bn tha thun p dng UCP . V xt cho cng th UCP vn ch l mt tp qun quc t. S ra i ca mt bn UCP ch mang tnh cht b sung, hon thin nhng bn trc . V vy nu L/C dn chiu l UCP no th s p dng UCP . V d nh LC dn chiu l theo UCP 500 th s p dng theo UCP 500. Nhng theo xu th hin i, ngi ta chuyn sang dung UCP 600 ngy cng nhiu v tnh hon thin ca n so vi cc bn trc. TNH HUNG 2 Nu mt bc L/C quy nh p dng UCP 600 v km theo yu cu ngoi tr iu .. v . Bc L/C nh trn c c chp nhn hay khng? Gii quyt : Cu tr li l vn c chp nhn. V theo iu 1 UCP 600 th Bn quy tc rng buc tt c cc bn tr khi Th tn dng quy nh khc hay loi tr bt c ngha l khi bc L/C dn chiu l p dng UCP 600 nhng c th loi tr mt s iu khon cho ph hp vi li ch ca cc bn lin quan hay theo yu cu ca bn no .

2.2 - iu 2: Cc nh ngha
TNH HUNG 1 Cng ty Pht Ti, Vit Nam k hp ng nhp khu xe my t cng ty Honda, Nht Bn. Phng thc thanh ton tn dng chng t. Quy trnh m L/C nh sau: Cn c vo hp ng ngoi thng, cng ty Pht Ti vit giy ngh m L/C gi n ngn hng Vietcombank (VCB). VCB ng v lp LC gi cho cng ty Honda thng qua chi nhnh VCB Nht Bn. Chi nhnh VCB Nht Bn nhn c th tn dng ca VCB ( Vit Nam) gi n, VCB (Nht Bn) tin hnh kim tra tnh xc thc ca th tn dng, ri chuyn bn chnh L/C cho cng ty Honda di hnh thc vn bn nguyn vn. Tuy nhin cng ty Honda yu cu L/C phi c s xc nhn ca ngn hng ANZ chi nhnh ti Nht Bn Trong L/C c ghi r L/C c gi tr tr ngay ti Ngn hng Sacombank Gi s cc ngn hng c nu u c chi nhnh ti Nht Bn Xc nh cc i tng c lin quan? Gii quyt : Ngi xin m th tn dng: nh nhp khu, cng ty Pht Ti, Vit Nam Ngn hng pht hnh: ngn hng VCB, Vit Nam Ngn hng thng bo: ngn hng VCB, Nht Bn Ngn hng xc nhn: ngn hng ANZ, Nht Bn Ngn hng c ch nh: ngn hng Sacombank, Nht Bn Ngi hng li: nh xut khu, cng ty Honda, Nht Bn.

Theo iu 2 UCP 600 Ngi xin m th tn dng l ngi yu cu pht hnh th tn dng. Ngn hng pht hnh l ngn hng pht hnh ra Th tn dng theo yu cu ca ngi xin m Th tn dng hay pht hnh Th tn dng nhn danh chnh n. Ngn hng xc nhn l ngn hng thm vo s xc nhn ca n cho mt Th tn dng theo yu cu hoc y quyn ca ngn hng pht hnh.

Ngn hng c ch nh l ngn hng m Th tn dng c gi tr ti n hoc bt c ngn hng no trong trng hp Th tn dng c gi tr ti mt ngn hng bt k. Ngi hng li l ngi th hng gi tr ca tn dng th c pht hnh. Ngn hng thng bo l ngn hng thng bo Th tn dng theo yu cu ca ngn hng pht hnh. CU HI TRC NGHIM 1 Trng hp thanh ton no sau y c xem l thanh ton ng hn: a) Chp nhn thanh ton nu LC c gi tr tr ngay b) Cam kt tr sau nu LC c gi tr tr sau c) Chp nhn hi phiu do ngi th hng k pht v tr tin vo ngy o hn nu LC c gi tr chp nhn. d) C B v C u ng p n: C Chp nhn hi phiu do ngi th hng k pht v tr tin vo ngy o hn nu LC c gi tr chp nhn. V theo iu 2 UCP 600 Thanh ton ( ng hn ) ngha l : Tr ngay nu Th tn dng c gi tr tr ngay. Cam kt tr sau v tr tin ng ngy n hn thanh ton nu Th tn dng c gi tr tr sau. Chp nhn hi phiu do ngi th hng k pht v tr tin vo ngy o hn nu Th tn dng c gi tr chp nhn.

A sai v theo iu 2 UCP 600 th s tr ngay nu UCP c gi tr tr ngay ch khng phi l chp nhn thanh ton. B thiu v theo iu 2 UCP 600 th cam kt tr sau v phi tr tin ng ngy n hn thanh ton nu nh Th tn dng c gi tr tr sau. D sai v B sai. CU HI TRC NGHIM 2 1. Ph hp vi cc iu kin v iu khon ca LC 2. Tun th theo ni dung ca UCP 600 3.Tun th theo ni dung ca URC 522

4.Tun th theo ni dung ca ULB 1930 5.Tun th theo ni dung ca Tp qun ngn hng theo tiu chun ISBP Theo UCP 600, B chng t thanh ton hp l ng thi tha mn cc iu kin:

a. b. c. d.

1,3,4 1,2 1,2,5 1,2,3,5

p n : C V theo iu 2 UCP 600 Vic xut trnh chng t hp l l vic xut trnh chng t ph hp theo cc iu kin v iu khon ca Th tn dng, nhng quy nh p dng cho bn quy tc ny v tp qun ngn hng theo tiu chun quc t (ISBP). TNH HUNG 2 Gi s L/C quy nh ngn hng Vietcombank s thanh ton theo cam kt tr sau vo ngy 2/5/2012. Nhng do ngy 30/4 v 1/5 trng vo ngy th by v ch nht. Nn ngy th hai 2/5 ngn hng s ngh b. Nh vy sau khi lm vic li vo ngy 3/5 th ngn hng s thanh ton cho bn xut khu. Nh vy c khng tun th thi gian thanh ton ng hn khng ? Gii quyt: Ngn hng Vietcombank lm nh vy khng h sai. V theo iu 2 UCP 600 c quy nh: Ngy lm vic ca ngn hng l ngy m ngn hng thng m ca lm vic ti mt ni m hnh ng tun th theo bn quy tc c thc hin. Ngy 2/5 khng phi l ngy lm vic ca ngn hng Vietcombank nn ngn hng khng c trch nhim phi thanh ton theo cam kt. Nhng sau vo ngy 3/5 khi ngn hng lm vic li phi thanh ton theo cam kt.

2.3 - iu 3: Gii thch

TNH HUNG 1 Sau khi k kt hp ng nhp khu xe my t cng ty Honda ti Nht Bn, cng ty Pht Ti Vit Nam yu cu ngn hng Vietcombank ( VCB ) m mt L/C, ngn

hng VCB sau khi xem xt ng v m mt L/C (trong bc L/C khng h ch r l c hy ngang hay khng) theo yu cu ca cng ty Pht Ti v gi cho cng ty Honda thng qua ngn hng VCB Nht Bn. sau khi cng ty Honda giao hng, ngn hng VCB thng bo cho cng ty Honda rng L/C b hy theo yu cu ca cng ty Pht Ti, v cng ty ny cho rng trn L/C khng h c quy nh c hy ngang hay khng. Hi cng ty Pht Ti v ngn hng VCB lm vy l ng hay sai? Ti sao? Gii quyt: C cng ty Pht Ti v ngn hng VCB u sai. V theo iu 3 UCP 600 quy nh: Mt th tn dng khng hy ngang ngay c khi n khng ghi r iu ny. V vy d trn L/C khng h ghi r l c hy ngang hay khng th cng ty Pht Ti v ngn hng VCB cng khng c ty tin hy ngang L/C. L/C ch c hy khi c c s ng thun ca tt c cc bn tham gia. TNH HUNG 2 Trong L/C yu cu : Beneficiarys certificate that they have sent orginal Bill of Lading to the Applicant as soon as possible after shipment. Ch as soon as possible nh trn c hp l ( c b cm s dng trong LC ) hay khng, v nu hp l th c hiu nh th no ? Gii quyt: on yu cu trong L/C k trn c tm dch l: giy xc nhn ca ngi th hng L/C phi nu r gi mt bn vn n gc ngay khi c th cho ngi lm n xin m L/C sau khi giao hng . Theo iu 3 UCP 600 quy nh: Tr khi c yu cu s dng trong Th tn dng, cc t nh: prompt nhanh chng, immediately - ngay lp tc, hay as soon as possible - cng sm cng tt s b b qua. Do , khng b cm s dng ch As soon as possible. Vy ch as soon as possible hay ngay c hiu l: nn th hin ch ny trn giy xc nhn ca ngi th hng v ngn hng s khng xem xt hay quan tm rng ngi bn c tin hnh gi ngay khi c th cho ngi lm n m L/C hay khng. Tnh hung minh ha v cu hi trc nghim v mt s t ch thi gian c s dng

Cng ty Honda xut khu 1 l hng sang Vit Nam, L/C c ghi: SHIPMENT DATE : ON 130331 (Ngy giao hng vo ngy 31/03/2013) DATE AND PLACE OF EXPIRY : 130410 IN JAPAN (Thi gian ht hiu lc ca L/C l 10/4/2013 ti Nht Bn ) Hi Cng ty Honda giao hng vo ngy 4/4/2013 c c coi l hp l khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 3 UCP 600 quy nh: Thnh ng ON vo hay ABOUT - vo khong hay t tng t s c gii thch l mt s kin xy ra trong khon thi gian 5 ngy lch trc cho n 5 ngy lch sau ngy xc nh c th, k c ngy bt u v ngy kt thc. V vy nu theo L/C th cng ty Honda c th giao hng t ngy 26/3 cho ti ngy 5/4 ( 11 ngy ) th u hp l. Do , cng ty Honda giao hng vo ngy 4/4 l ng theo quy nh ca L/C. Trong trng hp khc, nu L/C quy nh ngy giao hng l vo u hoc gia hoc cui thng 7 th khong thi gian thc hin vic giao hng hp l s l ngy no? Gii quyt: Theo iu 3 UCP 600 quy nh:Nhng t beginning - u , middle - gia, end cui ca mt thng s c hiu tng ng t ngy 1 n ngy 10, t ngy 11 n ngy 20 v t ngy 21 n ngy cui cng ca thng, tnh c ngy u v ngy cui. V vy nu trong cc trng hp L/C quy nh ngy giao hng l u hoc gia hoc cui thng 7 th cc khong thi gian hp l tin hnh giao hng ln lt l: t ngy 1 n ngy 10/7, t ngy 11 n 20/7, t ngy 21 n 31/7, k c ngy 1, 10,11,20,21,31. CU HI TRC NGHIM 1 : Mt L/C quy nh: Shipment to be made between June 15,2012 and July 15, 2012). Hi: ngy giao hng sm nht v mun nht ? a. b. c. d. 15/6 v 14/7 16/6 v 15/7 16/6 v 14/7 15/6 v 15/7

p n : D

Theo iu 3 UCP 600: quy nh:Nhng t n, cho n, t v gia khi s dng xc nh mt khon thi gian th n bao gm c ngy hay nhng ngy c cp, v t trc, sau th tr ngy c cp ra. Ngy giao hng sm nht l ngy 15/6/2012 Ngy giao hng mun nht l ngy 15/7/2012 CU HI TRC NGHIM 2 : L/C quy nh nh sau: A draft is drawn at 30 days from shipment date, shipment date: Jan. 01, 2012. Hi: ngy thanh ton hi phiu l ngy no? a. 31/01/2012 b. 30/01/2012 c. 01/02/2012 d. Khng phi cc ngy trn p n : cu a Theo iu 3 UCP 600 Ngy thanh ton hi phiu l ngy 31/1/2012.(khng k ngy 1/1/2012 ). CU HI TRC NGHIM 3 Chn cu ng a) Mt chng t khng c k bng ch k c l. b) Ngn hng c ch nh c th chit khu Hi phiu c k pht cho mnh. c) Cc chi nhnh ca mt ngn hng nhng nc khc nhau c coi l nhng ngn hng ph thuc ln nhau. d) Ngi xut trnh chng t l ngi th hng, ngn hng hay mt bn khc m thc hin vic xut trnh chng t. p n : D v theo iu 2 UCP 600 Ngi xut trnh chng t l ngi th hng, ngn hng hay mt bn khc m thc hin vic xut trnh chng t. A sai v theo iu 3 UCP 600 : Mt chng t c th k bng ch k tay, ch k bng my fax, ch k c l, con du, k hiu hay bt c phng php chng thc bng in t hay my mc no. B sai v theo iu 2 UCP 600: Chit khu ngha l vic mua li hi phiu ca ngn hng c ch nh (Hi phiu ny k pht cho mt ngn hng khc m khng phi l

ngn hng ch nh). V vy Ngn hng c ch nh khng c chit khu hi phiu k pht cho mnh. C sai v theo iu 3 UCP 600 : Cc chi nhnh ca mt ngn hng nhng nc khc nhau c coi l nhng ngn hng c lp vi nhau.

2.4 - iu 4: Th tn dng v hp ng :
TNH HUNG 1 Cng ty Pht Ti nhp khu xe my t cng ty Honda Nht Bn. Cng ty Pht Ti yu cu Ngn hng Vietcombank ( VCB ) m L/C (L/C c gi tr tr sau), v c VCB chp nhn m L/C v m L/C. Cng ty Honda thc hin giao hng ng thi hn, cng nh xut trnh B chng t hp l v yu cu Ngn hng VCB thanh ton theo nh L/C. Ngn hng cam kt s thanh ton. Sau khi nhn b chng t, VCB yu cu cng ty Pht Ti thanh ton nhn b chng t, nhng lc ny cng ty Pht Ti b ph sn khng th thanh ton cho b chng t. iu c ngha l hp ng thng mi khng th tip tc v mt bn tham gia trong hp ng khng th thc hin ngha v ca mnh. Vy trong trng hp ny, ngn hng VCB c thanh ton cho cng ty Honda khi n hn hay khng? Gii quyt: Trong trng hp ny, ngn hng VCB s p dng theo iu 4 khon a UCP 600 : Mt th tn dng v bn cht l nhng giao dch c lp vi hp ng thng mi hay cc hp ng khc m c th l c s cho th tn dng. Ngn hng khng c rng buc g vi hp ng nh vy, ngay c khi trong th tn dng dn chiu n nhng hp ng ny . Ta thy rng : L/C l mt vn bn th hin s cam kt gia Ngn hng pht hnh v ngi th hng nn mc d L/C c lp da trn c s hp ng ngoi thng nhng L/C hon ton c lp vi hp ng thng mi. Do , vic thanh ton cho th tn dng ca ngn hng l c lp vi ngi yu cu m L/C. tc l d cho ngi yu cu m L/C c ph sn, mt kh nng thanh ton hay thm ch ngay c khi ngi th hng vi phm hp ng th ngn hng vn phi thanh ton cho gi tr ca bc L/C, nu ngi th hng xut trnh c b chng t ng hn p ng ng v y cc iu kin c quy nh trong L/C. Trong trng hp ny, ngn hng pht hnh VCB s thanh ton cho cng ty Honda, theo nh L/C, do cng ty Honda thc hin ng v y cc iu kin nh trong L/C.

TNH HUNG 2 Cng ty Quc Thin nhp khu my dt t cng ty Soda Nht Bn. Cng ty Quc Thin c quan h mt thit vi ngn hng Vietcombank ( VCB ), v yu cu VCB m L/C (L/C c gi tr tr sau), v c VCB chp nhn m L/C v m L/C. Cng ty Soda thc hin giao hng ng thi hn, cng nh xut trnh B chng t hp l v yu cu Ngn hng VCB thanh ton theo nh L/C. Ngn hng cam kt s thanh ton. Sp n thi hn thanh ton, cng ty Quc Thin nhn thy my dt trong thi gian qua hot ng khng tt, nng sut thp. Cng ty Quc Thin da vo mi quan h ca mnh yu cu VCB t chi thanh ton cho cng ty Soda. Hi VCB c quyn t chi thanh ton hay khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 4 khon a UCP quy nh: V th, cam kt ca ngn hng v vic thanh ton , chit khu, hay thc thi bt c ngha v no ca th tn dng khng ph thuc vo s khiu ni, bin h ca ngi m pht sinh t mi quan h ca ngi m vi ngn hng pht hnh hoc ngi th hng Do tnh cht c lp gia L/C v hp ng thng mi nn trch nhim ca ngn hng khng b nh hng bi tranh chp xy ra. Ngay khi bn xut khu giao hng, v thc hin xut trnh B chng t hp l th ngn hng khng c quyn t chi thanh ton, ngay c trong trng hp nh xut khu vi phm hp ng. Do , trong trng hp ny, ngn hng VCB khng th t chi thanh ton cho cng ty Soda, k c trong trng hp c quan h thn thit vi cng ty Quc Thin.. TNH HUNG 3 m bo an ton, ngi xin m L/C c nn nh km hp ng thng mi vi n xin m L/C hay khng ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 4 khon b UCP 600 quy nh : Mt ngn hng pht hnh khng khuyn khch bt k c gng no ca ngi m a nhng bn hp ng tim n, ha n tm v nhng ci tng t nh vy vo th tn dng nh mt b phn khng th tch ri . Vic nh km thm hp ng thng mi l khng cn thit. V hp ng thng mi v L/C l c lp d c c dn chiu trong L/C.

2.5 - iu 5: Cc chng t hng ha, dch v hoc thc hin

TNH HUNG Theo hp ng k kt vi cng ty Honda ti Nht Bn, cng ty Pht Ti vi vai tr l nh nhp khu xe my yu cu ngn hng Vietcombank ( VCB ) m mt L/C, ngn hng ny sau khi xem xt ng v tin hnh m v gi L/C n cng ty Honda thng qua ngn hng VCB ti Nht Bn. V qu trnh thanh ton c tin hnh. Nhng sau khi thanh ton tin cho ngn hng v nhn b chng t, cng ty Pht Ti pht hin mt s chng t b lm gi, v chnh v vy lm nh hng n qu trnh kinh doanh ca cng ty ny. Cho nn cng ty Pht Ti kin ngn hng m L/C l VCB v vic khng pht hin ra b chng t gi. Hi: Cng ty Pht Ti lm vy ng hay sai ? Ti sao ? Gii quyt: Cng ty Pht Ti hon ton sai. V theo iu 5 UCP 600 quy nh: Chng t v hng ha, dch v hay cc giao dch khc ngn hng ch giao dch bng chng t ch khng phi hng ha, dch v hay giao dch khc m chng t c th lin quan. iu c ngha l ngn hng ch kim tra vic xut trnh chng t, trn c bn ch da vo chng t xc nh trn b mt chng t c hp l hay khng. Tc l ngn hng ch kim tra s ph hp ca chng t so vi cc iu khon v iu kin ca L/C, ch khng chu trch nhim v cc vn khc, k c trong vic chng t c b lm gi hay khng.

2.6 - iu 6: C gi tr thanh ton, ngy v ni ht hn hiu lc cho vic xut trnh

TNH HUNG 1 Mt L/C do ngn hng Vietinbank pht hnh cho cng ty xut nhp khu Nong Poy mi thnh lp Thi Lan, quy nh c gi tr thanh ton ti ngn hng ANZ chi nhnh Thi Lan. V trn quan im ca cng ty Nong Poy mt cng ty cha c nhiu kinh nghim trong hot ng thng mi quc t, h cho rng L/C ny ch c gi tr thanh ton ti ANZ m thi, cc ngn hng khc bao gm c ngn hng Vietinbank u khng c trch nhim g v vic thanh ton cho b chng t hp l. Chnh v vy h

rt lo lng v ngh rng nu nh khi xut trnh chng t m ngn hng ANZ b mt kh nng thanh ton th s khng nhn c s tin thanh ton cho lng hng giao. Hi cng ty Nong Poy ngh vy c ng khng? Ti sao ? Gii quyt: Cng ty Nong Poy suy ngh rng L/C ch c gi tr thanh ton ti ANZ l sai. V theo iu 6 khon a UCP 600 quy nh : Mt th tn dng c gi tr ti mt ngn hng c ch nh th cng c gi tr ti ngn hng pht hnh. Nn L/C trn c gi tr thc hin ti: Vietinbank (ngn hng pht hnh) ANZ ti chi nhnh Thi Lan ( ngn hng c ch nh ) V vy gi s nh khi xut trnh b chng t m ngn hng ANZ khng c kh nng thanh ton th cng ty Nong Poy c th em b chng t n ngn hng Vietinbank xut trnh yu cu thanh ton. TNH HUNG 2 Cng ty Thnh Tn ti Vit Nam vit giy ngh m L/C gi n ngn hng Phng ng ( OCB ) m L/C yu cu ngn hng ny thanh ton cho cng ty La Nina ti Ty Ban Nha. Nhng trong giy ngh m L/C ny khng ghi r cch thc thc hin tr tin. Nh vy l ng hay sai? Gii quyt: Giy ngh m L/C khng ghi r cch thc thc hin tr tin l sai. V theo iu 6 khon b UCP 600 quy nh: Mt th tn dng phi ghi r n c gi tr thanh ton bng tr ngay ( sight payment ), tr sau ( deffered payment ), chp nhn ( acceptance ) hay chiu khu ( negotiation ). TNH HUNG 3 Cng ty Nht Linh nhp khu bia t cng ty Chang ca Hong Kong. Cng ty Nht Linh vit giy ngh m L/C (L/C c gi tr tr chm) gi n ngn hng ACB v ngn hng ng m v gi L/C cho cng ty Chang. Sau khi giao hng v lp b chng t, cng ty Chang em b chng t cng vi hi phiu c ghi k pht cho cng ty Nht Linh n ngn hng ACB yu cu thanh ton Hi b chng t ny c hp l khng ? Ti sao ? Gii quyt:

B chng t ny khng hp l. V theo iu 6 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: Mt th tn dng khng c pht hnh l c gi tr thanh ton bng hi phiu k pht cho ngi m . iu ngha l: Hi phiu pht hnh phi i tin ngn hng pht hnh L/C hoc i tin ngn hng c ch nh thanh ton (trong phng thc tn dng chng t). Bi v L/C l s cam kt thanh ton ca ngn hng i vi ngi th hng v tuyt i khng phi l s cam kt thanh ton ca nh nhp khu i vi ngi th hng. Hay ni cch khc l v L/C c lp vi hp ng thng mi. khi ngn hng pht hnh L/C th tc l n chnh thc to ra mt trch nhim thanh ton cho ngi th hng ca ngn hng pht hnh L/C nu nh ngi th hng c th xut trnh b chng t hp l. TNH HUNG 4 Mt th tn dng c pht hnh vo ngy 1/6/2012, c quy nh ngy ht hn hiu lc l ngy 28/7/2012 nhng li khng quy nh ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t. Hi L/C ny c hp l khng khi m trong iu 6 khon d(i) UCP 600 c quy nh: th tn dng phi quy nh ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t ? Gii quyt: L/C ny vn hp l v cng theo UCP 600 nu L/C khng ghi r ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t th c hiu l 21 ngy sau ngy giao hng ( iu 14 ). Bn cnh trong iu 6 khon d(i) Ucp 600 quy nh: ngy ht hn hiu lc thanh ton hay chit khu s c coi l ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t. V d: nu nh nh xut khu giao hng vo ngy 30/6/20xx th ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t s l ngy 21/7/20xx trong trng hp ngy ht hn hiu lc thanh ton hoc chit khu khng trc ngy 21/7/2012 ( nhng nu gi s ngy ht hn hiu lc thanh ton hay chit khu l ngy 19/7/2012 th ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t s l ngy 19/7/2012 ). TNH HUNG 5 Mt L/C do ngn hng Viettinbank pht hnh cho cng ty Toto ti Italy, c s xc nhn ca ngn hng HSBC, chi nhnh Italy. ngoi ra trong L/C cn quy nh rng n c gi tr thanh ton ti ngn hng Standard Chartered, chi nhnh Italy. vy khi xut trnh b chng t cng ty nn xut trnh chng t cho ngn hng no? Ngn hng Viettinbank Ngn hng HSBC, chi nhnh Italy Ngn hng Standard Chartered, chi nhnh Italy Ngn hng no trong ba ngn hng trn u c

Gii quyt Theo iu 6 khon d(ii) UCP 600 quy nh: Ni ca ngn hng m th tn dng c gi tr ti ngn hng la ni xut trnh chng t . V vy cng ty Toto c th xut trnh chng t ti bt c ngn hng no trong ba ngn hng c nu cng c. Mt trng hp khc, nu L/C c quy nh c gi tr ti bt k ngn hng no th, cng ty Toto c th xut trnh chng t ti ngn hng no mnh mun cng c. TNH HUNG 6 L/C c quy nh: Chng t phi xut trnh trc ngy 1/8/2012 Ngy ht hiu lc ca L/C l ngy 15/8/2012 Vy ngi th hng L/C phi xut trnh chng t vo ngy no ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 6 khon e UCP 600 quy nh: Tr quy nh ti iu 29(a), vic xut trnh chng t bi ngi th hng hoc nhn danh ngi th hng phi c thc hin trc hoc vo ngy ht hn . Tc l chng t phi xut trnh tr nht l vo ngy 31/7/2012 th mi hp l. Cng trng hp nh trn, gi s ngy 1/8/2012 l ngy ch nht, th vic xut trnh chng t s c gia hn sang ngy lm vic tr li u tin ca ngn hng, tc l ngy th hai 2/8/2012 ( theo iu 29a UCP 600 ). Tuy nhin, nu ngy cui cng xut trnh chng t l ngy ngn hng khng lm vic v cc nguyn nhn bt kh khng no ni trong iu 36 ca UCP 600, th ngn hng c quyn t chi chng t xut trnh trong v sau ngy . Ri ro ny thuc v ngi th hng.

2.7 - iu 7: Cam kt ca Ngn Hng pht hnh

TNH HUNG 1 Cng ty Dung Pham ti Vit Nam k kt hp ng xut khu sn phm ca mnh vi cng ty Kem Tuyt ti M. Da theo yu cu ca Kem Tuyt v cc chng t lin quan, HSBC ng m L/C (L/C tr ngay) gi cho Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng thng bo l Vietinbank, L/C quy nh ngn hng ch nh l Sacombank. Sau cng ty Dung Pham em b chng t hp l n Sacombank yu cu thanh ton nhng Sacombank khng chp nhn. Vy ngn hng no s thanh ton cho cng ty Dung Pham? Gii quyt: Da vo iu 7 khon a(ii) UCP 600 quy nh: ngn hng pht hnh phi thanh ton cho ngi th hng khi L/C c gi tr tr ngay ti ngn hng c ch nh v ngn hng ny khng thanh ton. Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng HSBC s phi thanh ton cho cng ty Dung Pham TNH HUNG 2 Cng ty Dung Pham ti VN k kt hp ng xut khu sn phm ca mnh cho cng ty Kem Tuyt ti M. Da theo yu cu ca cng ty Kem Tuyt v cc chng t c lin quan, ngn hng HSBC pht hnh L/C, trong quy nh ngn hng ch nh l Sacombank. Sau , cng ty Kem Tuyt xut trnh B chng t hp l cho Sacombank yu cu chit khu nhng Sacombank khng ng . Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng no s thanh ton cho cng ty Dung Pham? Gii quyt: Da vo iu 7 khon a(v)UCP 600quy nh: ngn hng pht hnh phi thanh ton ng hn nu L/C c gi tr l chit khu ti ngn hng ch nh v ngn hng c ch nh khng chit khu. Vy trng hp ny ngn hng HSBC phi thanh ton ng hn cho cng ty Dung Pham. TNH HUNG 3

Da theo yu cu ca cng ty Kem Tuyt v cc chng t c lin quan, ngn hng HSBC pht hnh L/C tr ngay, trong quy nh ngn hng ch nh l Sacombank, gi cho cng ty Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng thng bo l Vietinbank. Sau cng ty Dung Pham mang b chng t hp l n cho Sacombank v c chp nhn thanh ton. Vy ngn hng no s hon tr cho Sacombank? Gii quyt: Theo iu 7 khan c UCP 600 quy nh: ngn hng pht hnh cam kt hon tr cho ngn hng c ch nh m ngn hng ny thc hin vic thanh ton hay chit khu cho B chng t hp l chuyn chng t cho ngn hng pht hnh. Vy trong trng hp ny, Sacombank sau khi thanh ton cho cng ty Dung Pham s chuyn b chng t n HSBC. HSBC xem xt nu b chng t hp l th thc hin hon tr cho Sacombank. TNH HUNG 4 Cng ty Kem Tuyt ti M nhp khu hng ha ca cng ty Dung Pham ti Vit Nam. L/C do HSBC pht hnh quy nh c gi tr tr chm ti ngn hng c ch nh Sacombank. Ngy ht hiu lc ca L/C l 30/9/2012.Vo ngy 22/9/2012 ngi th hng mang b chng t hp l n Sacombank yu cu thanh ton sau 90 ngy, tc vo ngy 21/12/2012. Nhng n ngy 15/12/2012 Sacombank thanh ton trc theo yu cu ca ngi th hng. Vy ngn hng pht hnh s phi hon tr cho ngn hng ch nh vo ngy no? a. b. c. d. 15/12/2012 16/12/2012 20/12/2012 21/12/2012

Gii quyt: Theo iu 7 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: vic hon tr cho s tin ca b chng t hp l theo th tn dng c gi tr bng chp nhn hay tr sau s c thc hin vo ngy o hn cho d ngn hng c ch nh c tr trc hay mua vo trc ngy o hn hay khng. Cam kt ca ngn hng pht hnh v vic hon tr cho mt ngn hng c ch nh c lp vi cam kt ca ngn hng xc nhn vi ngi th hng. Vy trong trng hp ny, ngn hng s hon tr cho ngn hng Sacombank vo ngy 21/12/2012.

2.8 - iu 8: Cam kt ca Ngn Hng xc nhn

TNH HUNG 1 Ngn hng HSBC theo yu cu ca cng ty Kem Tuyt ti M pht hnh mt L/C gi cho ngi thu hng ti Vit Nam thng qua ngn hng thng bo Vietinbank. L/C c gi tr tr ngay ti ngn hng ch nh l Sacombank v L/C c ngn hng Vietcombank xc nhn. Sau ngi th hng mang b chng t n ngn hng Sacombank yu cu thanh ton, nhng ngn hng ny khng chp nhn thanh ton. Vy ngn hng no phi thanh ton cho ngi th hng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 8 khon a(i) UCP 600 quy nh: min l chng t quy nh c xut trnh ti ngn hng xc nhn hay bt k mt ngn hng c ch nh no khc v chng hp l th ngn hng xc nhn phi thanh ton ng hn cho ngi th hng khi L/C c gi tr tr ngay ti ngn hng ch nh khc v ngn hng ch nh khng tr Vy trong trng hp ny ngi th hng c th mang b chng t hp l n ngn hng Vietcombank yu cu thanh ton. Hoc theo iu 7 UCP 600 th ngi th hng cn c th mang b chng t ti ngn hng pht hnh HSBC xut trnh. TNH HUNG 2 Ngn hng xc nhn thc hin nu L/C quy nh chit khu ti ? a. Chit khu min truy i ngn hng xc nhn b. Chit khu ngn hng ch nh c. Chit khu v chit khu min truy i ngn hng thng bo d. Chit khu v chit khu min truy i ngn hng xc nhn Gii quyt: Theo iu 8 khon a(ii) UCP 600 quy nh: min l chng t quy nh c xut trnh ti ngn hng xc nhn hay bt k mt ngn hng c ch nh no khc v chng hp l th ngn hng xc nhn phi chit khu min truy i nu L/C c gi tr chit khu ti ngn hng xc nhn. TNH HUNG 3

Sau khi giao hng, ngi th hng mang b chng t hp l n Sacombankngn hng c ch nh trong L/C yu cu thanh ton sau 90 ngy, tc l vo ngy 21/12/2012. ngn hng Vietcombank thm xc nhn ca mnh vo L/C. Nhng n ngy 15/12/2012 Sacombank thanh ton trc theo yu cu ca ngi th hng. Vy ngn hng Vietcombank s phi hon tr cho ngn hng ch nh vo ngy no? Gii quyt: Theo iu 8 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: vic hon tr cho s tin ca b chng t hp l xut trnh theo th tn dng c gi tr bng chp nhn hay tr sau c thc hin vo ngy n hn cho d ngn hng c ch nh c tr trc hay mua vo trc ngy o hn hay khng. Cam kt ca ngn hng xc nhn v vic hon tr cho mt ngn hng c ch nh khc c lp vi cma kt ca ngn hng xc nhn vi ngi th hng. Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng Vietcombank s hon tr cho Sacombank vo ngy 21/12/2012 TNH HUNG 4 Da theo yu cu ca cng ty Kem Tuyt v cc chng t c lin quan, HSBC pht hnh L/C gi cho cng ty Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng thng bo l Vietinbank, v yu cu Vietinbank xc nhn L/C. Vy Vietinbank khng xc nhn c c hay khng ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 8 khon d UCP 600 quy nh:nu mt ngn hng c ngn hng pht hnh y quyn hay yu cu xc nhn mt th tn dng nhng n cha sn sng lm nh vy th n phi thng bo khng chm tr cho ngn hng pht hnh v c th thng bo th tn dng m khng cn xc nhn. Vy trong trng hp ny, Vietinbank c quyn khng xc nhn L/C nhng pht thng bo khng chm tr cho HSBC v c th thng bo th tn dng m khng cn xc nhn.

2.9 - iu 9: Thng bo th tn dng v tu chnh

TNH HUNG 1 Da theo hp ng thng mi k kt, cng ty Kem Tuyt gi n yu cu m L/C n ngn hng HSBC. Sau khi xem xt cc chng t c lin quan, HSBC tin hnh m L/C v gi cho ngi th hng l cng ty Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng thng bo Vietinbank, L/C quy nh c gi tr thanh ton ti Sacombank v uc s xc nhn ca Vietcombank. Sau khi giao hng, cng ty Dung Pham mang b chng t n Vietinbank yu cu thanh ton nhng ngn hng ny khng chp nhn. Vy Vietinbank lm vy l ng hay sai ? V sao ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 9 khon a UCP 600 quy nh: mt ngn hng thng bo m khng phi l ngn hng xc nhn thng bo th tn dng v tu chnh th khng c ngha v thanh ton hoc chit khu. Vy trong trng hp ny, Vietinbank lm vy l ng. V Vietinbank ch l ngn hng thng bo ch khng phi l ngn hng xc nhn nn n hon ton khng c ngha v thanh ton cho ngi th hng. TNH HUNG 2 Cng ty Kem Tuyt ti M sau khi k hp ng nhp khu vi cng ty Dung Pham ti Vit Nam lm n yu cu m L/C gi n ngn hng HSBC. Sau khi xem HSBC chp nhn, tin hnh m L/C v nh Citibank-ngn hng i l duy nht ca mnh Vit Nam thng bo.Nhng Citibank li khng phi l ngn hng phc v cho cng ty Dung Pham nn Citibank nh ngn hng Vietinbank thng bo cho cng ty Dung Pham.Sau khi cc nh c tnh chn tht b ngoi ca thng bo, Vietinbank tin hnh thng bo cho cng ty Dung Pham.
NH thng bo 1 NH thng bo 2

HSBC
L/C

Citibank
L/C

Vietinbank
L/C

Dung Pham

TNH HUNG 2A Sau , ngn hng HSBC pht hnh mt tu chnh v gi n cho Citibank-ngn hng i l ca mnh. Nhng n lt mnh Citibank li khng gi bn tu chnh cho Vietinbank nh trc y m li gi cho ngn hng i Tn (mt ngn hng khc cng phc v cho cng ty Dung Pham) nh ngn hng ny thng bo cho cng ty Dung Pham. Citibank lm vy l ng hay sai ? Ti sao ? Gii quyt: Citibank lm vy l sai. V theo iu 9 khon d UCP 600 quy nh: mt ngn hng s dng dch v ca mt ngn hng thng bo hay ngn hng thng bo th 2 thng bo mt th tn dng th cng phi s dng dch v ca ngn hng thng bo bt k th tn dng no tip theo. Trc y Citibank s dng dch v thng bo ca ngn hng Vietinbank thng bo th tn dng cho cng ty Dung Pham nn khi nhn c tu chnh mi t ngn hng pht hnh tu chnh cho L/C gi th Citibank vn phi tip tc s dng dch v ca Vietinbank thng bo tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham m khng c s dng dch v thng bo ca mt ngn hng no khc. TNH HUNG 2B Nu Citibank tun th iu khon d UCP 600 tip tc s dng dch v thng bo ca Vietinbank thng bo tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham nhng khi nhn yu cu thng bo tu chnh, Vietinbank t chi thng bo, mc d trc ngn hng ny tng thng bo th tn dng. Vy Vietinbank lm vy c c hay khng? Gii quyt: Vietinbank c th lm vy. V theo iu 9 khon e UCP 600 quy nh: nu mt ngn hng c yu cu thng bo mt th tn dng hay tu chnh nhng n khng lm vy th n phi thng bo khng chm tr cho ngn hng m ti n nhn c th tn dng, tu chnh hay thng bo. Vy Vietinbank c quyn t chi khng thng bo tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham nhng Vietinbank phi thng bo khng chm tr cho Citibank. Mt vn c t ra y l: phi chng c s mu thun gia khon d v e ca iu 9 UCP 600? Thc ra l khng.V ngy t u Citibank mun tun th theokhon d iu 9 UCP 600, nhng v Vietinbank s dng quyn ca mnh da

vo quy nh ca khon e iu 9 UCP 600 t chi thng bo tu chnh. Nn khon d iu 9 UCP 600 mi khng c thc hin v trng hp ny khng th ni l Citibank vi phm quy nh trong UCP 600. C th ni khon e iu 9 UCP 600 ch b sung cho quyn li ca ngn hng thng bo ch khng h i ngc vi khon d iu 9 UCP 600. Vy hng gii quyt l g?khi ny Citibank hin nhin c th s dng dch v ca ngn hng i Tn thng bo tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham. TNH HUNG 3 Da theo yu cu ca cng ty Kem Tuyt v cc chng t lin quan, HSBC ti M pht hnh L/C v yu cu ngn hng Vietinbank thng bo cho ngi th hng l cng ty Dung Pham. Nhng sau khi kim tra, Vietinbank khng th xc minh c tnh chn tht b ngoi ca bc L/C. Vy Vietinbank phi gii quyt nh th no? Gii quyt: Theo iu 9 khon f UCP 600 quy nh: nu mt ngn hng c yu cu thng bo th tn dng hay tu chnh nhng khng th xc minh c tnh chn tht b ngoi ca th tn dng, tu chnh hay thng bo th n phi bo li khng chm tr cho ngn hng m ti n nhn c ch th. Nu ngn hng thng bo hay ngn hng thng bo th 2 quyt nh thng bo th tn dng hay tu chnh, th n phi bo cho ngi th hng hay ngn hng thng bo th 2 rng n khng th xc nh c tnh chn tht b ngoi ca th tn dng, tu chnh hay thng bo . Vy trong trng hp ny Vietinbankc th quyt nh t chi khng thng bo th tn dng ng thi phi bo li khng chm tr cho HSBC v quyt nh t chi thng bo ca mnh. Hoc Vietbank vn thng bo L/C cho cng ty Dung Pham, ng thi phi bo cho cng ty Dung Pham rng n khng th xc nh c tnh chn tht b ngoi ca th tn dng

2.11 - iu 10: Tu chnh Th tn dng

TNH HUNG 1 TNH HUNG 1A Theo yu cu ca cng ty Sunshine ti M, ngn hng HSBC m mt L/C gi n cho cng ty Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng thng bo l ngn hng Vietinbank. L/C c thm s xc nhn ca ngn hng Vietcombank, Vit Nam v c gi tr thanh ton ti ngn hng xc nhn. Sau hai cng ty tha thun s sa i mt s iu kin ghi trong L/C trc , ngn hng HSBC cng ng vi nhng tu chnh ny v tin hnh pht hnh bc in tu chnh (tu chnh khng ghi l c c hy ngang hay khng) cho cng ty Dung Pham, nhng khng h thng bo vic tu chnh cho ngn hng Vietcombank. Sau khi giao hng cng ty Dung Pham lp b chng t theo nhng iu kin ca L/C c tu chnh em n ngn hng Vietcombank xut trnh nhng ngn hng ny t chi thanh ton v cho rng b chng t bt hp l so vi cc iu kin trong bc L/C trc ngn hng xc nhn. Hi Vietcombank lm vy l ng hay sai ? Ti sao ? Gii quyt: Vietcombank lm vy l ng. V theo iu 10 khon a UCP 600 quy nh: Mt th tn dng khng th c tu chnh hay hy b m khng c s ng ca ngn hng pht hnh, ngn hng xc nhn (nu c) v ngi th hng. Trong trng hp ny tu chnh c ngn hng pht hnh l ngn hng HSBC v ngi th hng l cng ty Dung Pham ng nhng ngn hng xc nhn Vietcombank li khng h c cho bit v tu chnh cho nn tu chnh ny khng c hiu lc. V vy b chng t m cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh i vi ngn hng Vietcombank l khng hp l v ngn hng ny c th khng chp nhn thanh ton. TNH HUNG 1B S dng li nhng thng tin ca tnh hung trn. Gi s by gi c ngn hng pht hnh HSBC, ngn hng xc nhn Vietcombank v ngi th hng cng ty Dung Pham u ng vi tu chnh, ring ngn hng Vietcombank cng thm vo s xc nhn ca mnh i vi tu chnh. Nhng n khi cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh b chng t n Vietcombank th ngn hng ny khng chp nhn thanh ton vi l do tu chnh b hy b vo tun trc bi ngn hng HSBC, ngn hng Vietcombank cng ng vi hnh ng ny ca HSBC. Chnh v vy m by gi Vietcombank ch chp nhn b chng t tun th cc iu

kin trong bc L/C c khi cha tu chnh. B chng t ca cng ty Dung Pham lc ny li tun theo cc iu kin ca L/C tu chnh nn khng hp l v ngn hng s khng thanh ton. Hi hnh ng ca HSBC v Vietcombank l ng hay sai ? Ti sao ? Gii quyt: Trng ny HSBC v Vietcombank u sai. V theo iu 10 khon b UCP 600 quy nh: Ngn hng pht hnh b rng buc khng hy ngang bi mt tu chnh k t khi n pht hnh tu chnh . Ngn hng xc nhn c th xc nhn cho mt tu chnh v n b rng buc khng hy ngang k t khi n xc nhn tu chnh . Trong trng hp ny ngn hng pht hnh pht hnh tu chnh, ngn hng xc nhn cng xc nhn cho tu chnh nn c hai ngn hng ny u khng c hy ngang tu chnh nhng tu chnh ny.

TNH HUNG 2 Trong L/C ban u c ghi L/C c gi tr 650.000 USD do ngn hng ABC pht hnh v c ngn hng Vietcombank xc nhn. L/C c gi tr tr ngay ti ngn hng pht hnh. Sau nh nhp khu, nh xut khu, ngn hng pht hnh tha thun v ng tu chnh gi tr ca L/C thnh 700.000 USD tu chnh ny cng c ngn hng Vietcombank ng nhng ngn hng ny li khng xc nhn cho s tin tng thm ca L/C. Khi ngi th hng xut trnh b chng t n ngn hng ABC th ngn hng ny mt kh nng thanh ton, khng th chi tr cho ngi th hng.lc ngi th hng mang b chng t n ngn hng xc nhn yu cu thanh ton. Hi nu b chng t hp l th s tin m ngi th hng nhn c t ngn hng Vietcombank l bao nhiu ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 10 khon b UCP 600 quy nh: Tuy nhin ngn hng xc nhn cng c th quyt nh thng bo mt tu chnh m khng xc nhn n v nu nh vy n phi thng bo khng chm tr cho ngi pht hnh v ngi th hng trn thng bo ca mnh. Vic Vietcombank ng nhng khng xc nhn tu chnh l hp l.iu c ngha l Vietcombank khng h xc nhn cho s tin 50.000 USD tng thm. V vy khi ngi th hng mang b chng t n Vietcombank yu cu thanh ton th ngn

hng ny ch c trch nhim thanh ton cho phn gi tr m mnh xc nhn trn L/C l 650.000 USD. Vy ngi th hng ch nhn c 650.000 USD t Vietcombank.

TNH HUNG 3 TNH HUNG 3A Theo yu cu ca cng ty Sunshine, ngn hng HSBC pht hnh mt th tn dng vo ngy 2/3/2012 gi cho cng ty Dung Pham thng qua ngn hng Vietinbank. Sau cng ty yu cu HSBC tu chnh L/C, ngn hng ny ng tu chnh v gi tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham vo ngy 10/3/2012.n ngy 30/3/2012 cng ty thng bo chp nhn tu chnh. L/C ht hn hiu lc vo ngy 29/4/2012 v yu cu xut trnh chng t sau 20 k t ngy giao hng. Vy tu chnh bt u c hiu lc t lc no ? Gii quyt: Theo iu 10 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: Cc iu kin v iu khon ca th tn dng gc (hay mt th tn dng bao gm cc tu chnh c chp nhn trc ) s gi nguyn hiu lc vi ngi th hng cho n khi ngi th hng thng bo cho ngn hng thng bo v vic chp nhn tu chnh. Vy ngy m tu chnh bt u c hiu lc s l ngy 30/3/2012.Trc ngy mi iu kin trc trong L/C gc vn gi nguyn hiu lc ca mnh. Bn cnh , theo iu 10 khon d UCP 600 quy nh: Ngn hng thng bo tu chnh s thng bo cho ngn hng m n nhn c tu chnh v thng bo chp nhn hay t chi tu chnh. C th trong trng hp ny ngy 30/3/2012 cng ty Dung Pham s gi thng bo chp nhn tu chnh cho ngn hng Vietinbank sau Vietinbank s gi thng bo chp nhn ca cng ty Dung Pham v tu chnh cho ngn hng pht hnh HSBC TNH HUNG 3B S dng li nhng thng tin ca tnh hung trn. Gi s vo ngy 30/3/2012 v nhng ngy sau na cng ty Dung Pham khng h thng bo v vic c chp nhn hay t chi tu chnh hay khng.Vy tu chnh s bt u c hiu lc khi no ?

Gii quyt: Theo iu 10 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: Nu ngi th hng khng lm nh vy, vic xut trnh chng t ph hp theo th tn dng v bt c tu chnh no cha c chp nhn s c coi l thng bo chp nhn ca ngi th hng vi nhng tu chnh , k t lc th tn dng c tu chnh. Nh vy y s c hai trng hp xy ra: Trng hp 1: Nu nh n ngy xut trnh chng t theo quy nh ca L/C m b chng t ca cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh tun theo cc iu kin ca bc L/C c khi cha iu chnh th cng c ngha l cng ty Dung Pham t chi vic tu chnh v d nhin tu chnh s khng c hiu lc p dng. Trng hp 2: Nu nh n ngy xut trnh chng t theo quy nh ca L/C m b chng t ca cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh tun theo cc iu kin ca bc L/C tu chnh vo ngy 10/3/2012 th tc l cng ty Dung Pham ang thng bo rng mnh chp nhn tu chnh. V trong trng hp ny ngy m cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh chng t l ngy m tu chnh bt u c hiu lc.

TNH HUNG 4 Vo ngy 4/5/2012 ngn hng HSBC gi mt L/C cho cng ty Dung Pham vi ni dung nh sau: Gi tr L/C: 200.000 USD Ngy giao hng tr nht: 28/5/2012 Ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t: 25 ngy sau ngy giao hng Ngy ht hn hiu lc L/C: 30/6/2012 Sau HSBC li gi mt tu chnh cho cng ty Dung Pham vi ni dung c tu chnh nh sau: Gi tr L/C: 250.000 USD Ngy giao hng tr nht: 30/5/2012 Ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t: 23 ngy sau ngy giao hng Ngy ht hn hiu lc L/C: 25/6/2012

Ngoi ra cn c thm mt iu khon l: Nu trong 5 ngy k t ngy c thng bo tu chnh gi n m cng ty Dung Pham khng c thng bo t chi th coi nh l cng ty chp nhn tu chnh. Vy sau 5 ngy k t ngy c thng bo tu chnh, cng ty Dung Pham vn gi im lng th c c xem l chp nhn tu chnh khng? Cng ty Dung Pham ch chp nhn tu chnh v gi tr v ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t v khng chp nhn nhng tu chnh cn li c hay khng? Gii quyt: V vic chp nhn tu chnh: Theo iu 10 khon f UCP 600 quy nh: Mt quy nh trong tu chnh rng tu chnh s c hiu lc tr khi ngi th hng t chi trong mt thi gian nht nh s b b qua. Vy trong trng hp ny iu kin: Nu trong 5 ngy k t ngy c thng bo tu chnh gi n m cng ty Y khng c thng bo t chi th coi nh l cng ty chp nhn tu chnh s b b qua khng xem xt n. Cng ty Dung Pham c quyn im lng cho n khi xut trnh b chng t v s im lng y khng c ngha l chp nhn m phi da vo b chng t lc cng ty Dung Pham xut trnh mi xc nh c. Cng ty ch chp nhn mt s trong cc tu chnh c hay khng? Cng ty Dung Pham khng c lm vy v theoiu 10 khon e UCP 600 quy nh:Khng cho php vic chp nhn tng phn ca tu chnh v s b coi l thng bo t chi tu chnh. Nu cng ty Dung Pham ch mun chp nhn 1 phn ca tu chnh th c th tha thun vi nh nhp khu h yu cu ngn hng HSBC pht hnh mt tu chnh mi tha mn nhu cu ca cng ty Dung Pham

CU HI TRC NGHIM Th tn dng khng th c tu chnh hay hu b nu khng c s ng ca : a-NH pht hnh b-NH xc nhn c- Ngi yu cu m LC d-Ngi th hng e- a,b,d ng

f c,d ng p n : cu e iu 10a UCP Tr khi c quy nh khc vi iu khon 38, mt Th tn dng khng th tu chnh hay hy b m khng c s ng ca ngn hng pht hnh, ngn hng xc nhn (nu c) v ngi th hng.

2.11 - iu 11: Th tn dng v tu chnh c chuyn bng in v s bo

Tnh hung 1: Mt ngn hng pht hnh th tn dng bng in theo mu MT700 (bc in pht hnh th tn dng). Sau , ngn hng pht hnh ny li gi th xc nhn cho ngn hng thng bo. Hi ngn hng thng bo x l th xc nhn nh th no? Gii quyt: Theo iu 11 khon a UCP 600 quy nh: Mt bc in xc thc ca Th tn dng v tu chnh c coi l bn Th tn dng hay tu chnh c hiu lc v bt k th xc nhn no c gi tip theo s b b qua. Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng thng bo s khng cn xem xt th xc nhn m ch cn quan tm n L/C theo mu MT700.

Tnh hung 2: Ngn hng HSBC xem xt giy ngh m th tn dng theo yu cu ca cng ty Sunshine v nhng chng t c lin quan. Ngy 3/12/2010 ngn hng HSBC gi thng bo s b v vic pht hnh th tn dng cho ngi th hng l cng ty Dung Phamthng qua ngn hng thng bo l Vietinbank. n ngy 5/12/2010, ngn hng HSBC thng bo li l s khng pht hnh th tn dng c hiu lc. Hi ngn hng HSBC c quyn khng pht hnh th tn dng c hiu lc hay khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 11 khon b UCP 600:Ngn hng pht hnh m gi s bo b rng buc khng hy ngang v vic pht hnh Th tn dng hay tu chnh c hiu lc m khng c chm tr, vi cc iu khon khng mu thun vi thng bo s b.

Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng HSBC b rng buc khng hy ngang v vic pht hnh Th tn dng c hiu lc.

2.12 - iu 12: S ch nh
Tnh hung 1: Vo ngy 17/2/2012, Sacombank c nhn c L/C c ni dung sau: Sender: HSBC Receiver: Sacombank 31C Date of issue: 13 Feb 2012 31D Expiry date: 5 Apr 2012 41D Available with: Sacombank by payment Vo ngy 2/3/2012, ngi th hng xut trnh b chng t n Sacombank yu cu thanh ton.Tuy nhin ngn hng ny khng ng thanh ton. Vy hi rng Sacombank c quyn t chi thanh ton hay khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 12 khon a UCP 600 quy nh: Tr khi ngn hng c ch nh l ngn hng xc nhn, vic y quyn thanh ton hay chit khu khng bt buc ngn hng c ch nh phi thanh ton hoc chit khu, tr khi c ngn hng ch nh tha thun r rng v c lin lc vi ngi th hng. Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng Sacombank khng bt buc phi thanh ton cho ngi th hng.

Tnh hung 2: Mt L/C do ngn hng pht hnh HSBC quy nh tr bng phng thc tr sau ti ngn hng c ch nh Eximbank. Vo ngy 3/5/2011 ngi th hng mang b chng t n Eximbank yu cu ngn hng chp nhn thanh ton.Ngn hng Eximbank kim tra thy rng b chng t hp l nn k chp nhn hi phiu.Ngy o hn hi phiu l 30/6/2011.n ngy 15/6/2011, ngi th hng yu cu Eximbank thc hin chit khu hi phiu v b chng t m Eximbank k chp nhn trc .

Hi trong trng hp ny Eximbank c quyn thc hin vic chit khu theo yu cu ca ngi th hng hay khng hay khng? Nu vo ngy 15/6/2011 ngi th hng mang hi phiu c ngn hng Eximbank k chp nhn thanh ton n ngn hng thng bo l Vietcombank th ngn hng Vietcombank c quyn chit khu hi phiu cho ngi th hng hay khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 12 khon b UCP 600 quy nh: Thng qua vic ch nh mt ngn hng chp nhn hi phiu hay cam kt tr sau, ngn hng pht hnh y quyn cho ngn hng ch nh tr trc hay mua li hi phiu c chp nhn hoc cam kt tr sau. Vy trong trng hp ny, ngn hng c ch nh Eximbank c quyn thc hin vic chit khu theo yu cu ca ngi th hng cn ngn hng thng bo Vietcombank cng nh bt c ngn hng no m khng phi l ngn hng ch nh theo L/C u khng c quyn chit khu hi phiu cho ngi th hng.

Tnh hung 3: Mt ngn hng c ch nh (khng phi l ngn hng xc nhn) kim tra b chng t do ngi th hng xut trnh v kt lun b chng t ph hp vi qui nh trong L/C, sau chuyn b chng t ti ngn hng pht hnh. Ngn hng pht hnh kim tra tm thy s sai bit vi qui nh trong L/C v tr li chng t.Khi ngn hng ch nh nhn li chng t L/C ht hn.Ngi th hng khiu ni vi ngn hng ch nh v yu cu thanh ton v chnh ngn hng c ch nh ny trc y xc nh b chng t l ph hp. Hi ngn hng ch nh c trch nhim phi thanh ton hay khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 12 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: Vic tip nhn hay kim tra v chuyn chng t ca ngn hng c ch nh m ngn hng ny khng phi l ngn hng xc nhn th khng bt buc ngn hng ch nh phi thanh ton hoc chit khu. Vy trong trng hp ny ngn hng ch nh khng c trch nhim phi thanh ton cho ngi th hng d cho trc y ngn hng ch nh ny xc nh b chng t xut trnh l ph hp.

2.13 iu 13: Tha thun hon tr lin Ngn Hng

TNH HUNG 1 Theo yu cu ca cng ty Nike, ti M, ngn hng HSBC m mt L/C v gi cho cng ty HN ti Vit Nam thng qua ngn hng Eximbank. Trong L/C c nhng quy nh sau: Ngy m L/C: 01/01/2013 Ngy ht hn hiu lc L/C: 01/03/2013 Ngy giao hng tr nht: 15/02/2013 Ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t: 25 ngy sau ngy B/L Ngn hng c ch nh: ACB Ngn hng hon tr: Viettinbank Sau khi thc hin thanh ton cho cng ty HN v b chng t hp l, ACB chuyn b chng t v cho ngn hng HSBC ng thi cng gi mt bc in n ngn hng Viettinbank yu cu hon tr. Nhng lc ny Viettinbank v mt vi s c ti chnh nn khng th hon tr cho ACB. Hi trong trng hp ngn hng no s hon tr cho ACB? V cc khon thit hi ca ACB do nhn c tin hon tr tr s do ngn hng no chu trch nhim? Gii quyt: Theo iu 13 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: mt ngn hng pht hnh khng c min tr bt c trch nhim no trong vic thanh ton nu nh vic hon tr khng c ngn hng tr tin trong yu cu u tin V vy khi Viettinbank khng th hon tr th HSBC s l ngi hon tr cho ACB V theo iu 13 khon b(iii) UCP 600 quy nh: ngn hng pht hnh s chu trch nhim bt k khon thit hi v chi ph li v cc khon chi ph khc pht sinh nu vic hon tr khng c thc hin theo yu cu hon tr u tin ca ngn hng tr tin khi chng t ph hp vi cc iu kin iu khon trong th tn dng V vy lc ny cc khon thit hi ca ACB s do HSBC chi tr

2.14 - iu 14: Tiu chun kim tra chng t

CU HI TRC NGHIM 1 (Sa) Ta c cc d liu trong mt bc L/C nh sau: Date of Issue: 130101 Date of Expiry: 130315. Latest day of Shipment : 121225. Cng ty X giao hng vo ngy 25/12/2012. Vy ngy tr nht xut trnh chng t l ngy no? a) b) c) d) 16/01/2013 15/01/2013 15/02/2013 15/03/2013

p n: cu b (iu c). chng t xut trnh bao gm mt hay nhiu vn n gc m tun theo cc iu khon 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 hoc 25 th phi c lp bi hoc nhn danh ngi th hng khng tr hn 21 ngy sau ngy giao hng nh m t trong bn quy tc, nhng khng c tr hn ngy ht hn hiu lc ca th tn dng. Ngy giao hng l ngy 25/12/2012, chng t phi c xut trnh khng tr hn 21 ngy, nn ngy xut trnh chng t tr nht s l ngy 15/01/2013. CU HI TRC NGHIM 2 Ta c d liu sau: Ngy 03/01/2013 (Th nm), ngi th hng l cng ty X xut trnh b chng t n ACB (vi ACB l ngn c ch nh), yu cu ACB thanh ton cho b chng t . Vy thi gian no l ngy m ACB ra thng bo xc nh chng t l hp l: a) b) c) d) e) 10/01/2013 08/01/2013 18/01/2013 24/01/2013 a hoc b u c.

p n : cu e (iu 14b). Theo iu 14 khon b UCP 600 quy nh: mt ngn hng c ch nh hy ng theo ch th, ngn hng xc nhn nu c, v ngn hng pht hnh s ln lt c ti a 5 ngy lm vic ca ngn hng sau ngy xut trnh chng t xc nh chng t c hp l hay khng. Thi hn ny khng c rt ngn, nu khng th chu nh hng bi s kin xy ra vo ngy hoc sau ngy ht hn hiu lc xut trnh chng t hay ngy cui cng xut trnh chng t. V ngn hng pht hnh c ti a 5 ngy lm vic sau ngy xut trnh chng t (c ngha l khng bao gm ngy ngh l, ngh b, th by, ch nht,...) nn khi cty X xut trnh chng t vo ngy 03/01/2013 (th nm) v v c 2 ngy th by, ch nht nn ngy m ACB thng bo xc nh chng t hp l l ngy 08/01/2013 hoc l ngy 10/01/2013. Thm vo lm r hn iu 14b: ngn hng lm vic trong iu 14b quy nh phi l Ngn hng c ch nh, ngn hng xc nhn nu c, hoc l ngn hng pht hnh. Ngn hng thng bo khng nm trong trng hp ny (hoc l ngn hng phc v ngi th hng cng vy); khi nhng ngn hng ny nhn c th tn dng do ngi th hng xut trnh th chng phi chuyn chng t chi ngn hng pht hnh ngay lp tc (khng c thi gian 5 ngy lm vic nh ngn hng c ch nh). Trong iu 14b c on: Thi hn ny khng c rt ngn, nu khng th chu nh hng bi s kin xy ra vo ngy hoc sau ngy ht hn hiu lc xut trnh chng t hay ngy cui cng xut trnh chng t. C ngha l:vd: ngy cui cng xut trnh chng t l ngy 15/02 v ngi xut trnh xut trnh chng t vo ngy 15/02, nu theo iu khon ny th ngy cui cng ngn hng ra thng bo xc nh chng t c hp l hay khng l ngy 20/02. Nhng vo ngy 15/02, ti ngn hng X c mt cuc nh cng, n ngy 18/02 th NH X mi lm vic tr li th thi hn 5 ngy s c tnh t ngy 18/02 v ngy cui cng ngn hng ra thng bo chng t c hp l hay khng s l ngy 22/02. CU HI TRC NGHIM 3 Trong L/C c yu cu cc chng t: 3/3 Original signed commercial invoice 3/3 Original certificate of origin issued. Full set (3/3) clean on board Ocean Bill of lading. bc hng ln tu v thng bo cho ngi ngh m LC.

Khi xut trnh B chng t n ngn hng c ch nh, ngoi nhng chng t nu trn, cn c 1 chng t khc: cc iu khon v vn n ng bin Bill of Lading Terms and Conditions. Ngn hng c ch nh s x l nh th no ?

b) B chng t bt hp l, do BCT xut trnh khng ng vi L/C c) B qua Chng t , c th gi tr cho ngi xut trnh, ng thi ngn hng s thc hin thanh ton hoc chit khu nu B chng t hp l. d) Yu cu ngi xut th hng xut trnh BCT khc. e) C 3 u sai. p n : cu b iu 14g. : Mt chng t c xut trnh nhng th tn dng khng yu cu th s b b qua v c th c gi tr cho ngi xut trnh. TNH HUNG 1 Cng ty X, Tp H Ch Minh, VN xut khu mt l hng o S Mi cho cng ty Y, Tokyo, Nht Bn. Cng ty yu cu HSBC ti Nht m mt L/C vi ni dung sau: Date of Issue: 110726 Date of Expiry: 110910 Latest Date of Shipment: 110820 Cng ty X giao hng vo ngy 18/8/2011. V n ngy 9/9/2011 th xut trnh b chng t cho 1 ngn hng c ch nh Vit Nam. Vic xut trnh B chng t trn c c xem l hp l khng ? Gii thch. Gii quyt: Theo iu 14 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: chng t xut trnh bao gm mt hay nhiu bn gc m tun theo cc iu khon 19, 20, 21, 22,23, 24 hoc 25 th phi c lp nhn danh ngi th hng, khng tr hn 21 ngy sau ngy giao hng nh trong m t trong bng quy tc, nhng khng c tr hn ngy ht hn ca th tn dng. V trong L/C ny khng quy nh ngy ht hn hiu lc xut trnh chng t nn cng ty X phi hiu l hn cht xut trnh chng t l 21 ngy sau ngy giao hng. Cng ty ny giao hng vo ngy 18/08/2011. Vy hn cht xut trnh chng t s l ngy 08/09/2011. M theo tnh hung trn th cng ty X xut trnh tr hn 1 ngy so vi ngy ht hn xut trnh chng t cho nn vic xut trnh ca cng ty X l khng hp l. TNH HUNG 2 Ta c mt s d liu sau y: L/C quy nh: Sa bt c gi H Lan Ha n thng mi: Sa bt c gi H Lan _Hp 1 kg

Phiu ng gi: Sa bt B chng t trn c hp l khng ? Gii thch. Gii quyt: Theo iu 14 khon e UCP 600 quy nh: nhng chng t khng phi l ha n thng mi v d nh B/L, Packinh list,..., phn m t hng ha, dch v hoc cc giao dch khc c th nu chung chung nhng khng c mu thun vi m t trong th tn dng. Vy theo tnh hung ny, d cc m t hng ha ba loi giy t c khc nhau nhng u th hin loi hng ha l sa bt, ph hp vi m t trong L/C. Bn cnh ha n thng mi m t hng ha kh chi tit. Cho nn b chng t ny hp l. Tuy nhin, nu, trn phiu ng gi c ghi tn hng l: ng th BCT ny l bt hp l. (mu thun vi ni dung L/C). TNH HUNG 3 Mt L/C c ni dung nh sau: Form of Documentary Credit : Irrevocable Currency Code, Amount: USD 50,000. Partial Shipments: Allowed Available with...By...: Any Bank. Documents required: 3/3 Original signed commercial invoice 3/3 Original certificate of origin issued. Full set (3/3) clean on board ocean bill of lading. Packing list Ngi th hng mang b chng t i xut trnh ti Vietcombank. NH ny sau khi kim tra, quyt nh chit khu min truy i. Sau , Vietcombank xut trnh BCT i tin NH ACB. NH ACB sau khi kim tra v gi thng bo t chi thanh ton cho NH Vietcombank vi l do: Packing list do ngi th hng pht hnh. Vic t chi thanh ton ca NH ABC c hp l khng? Gii thch Gii quyt:

Theo iu 14 khon f UCP 600 quy nh: Nu LC yu cu xut trnh 1 chng t m khng phi l chng t vn ti, chng t bo him, ha n thng mi m khng qui nh ngi pht hnh hoc ni dung d liu th NH vn s chp nhn nu ni dung ca n p ng c chc nng ca chng t c yu cu. Nh vy vic t chi thanh ton cho Vietcombank ca ACB l khng hp l v Packing list c th do ngi th hng pht hnh. TNH HUNG 4 Trong L/C c cc ghi ch sau: Date of Issue: 110825 Date of Expiry: 111020 Period for Presentation: Documents must be presented within 20 days after Shipment date. Trong b chng t m ngi th hng xut trnh (gi s xut trnh ng hn) c B/L ghi ch nh sau: B/L: ngy On board 19/08/2011. Vy b chng t trn c hp l khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 14 khon i UCP 600 quy nh: mt chng t c th c ghi ngy trc ngy pht hnh th tn dng nhng khng c ghi tr hn ngy xut trnh chng t. iu ny xy ra trong trng hp: Nh xut khu giao hng cho nh nhp khu, nhng sau th nh nhp khu b ph sn, Nh xut khu bn cho mt ngi khc nn, chng t c ghi vo trc ngy m th tn dng. V vy chn p n: hp l. TNH HUNG 5 Ta c cc thng tin sau: L/C: Ngi th hng: cng ty TNHH HN, s 279, Nguyn Tri Phng, Qun10, Tp.HCM,Vit Nam, T: 08 3889999 Ha n thng mi do Cng ty TNHH HN pht hnh, a ch: s 115A- Xa l H Ni, Q9, TpHCM,Vit Nam, T: 08 3998888 Hi chng t trn c hp l khng?

Gii quyt: Theo iu 14 khon j UCP 600 quy nh: khi a ch ca ngi hng v ngi yu cu m th tn dng c nu trn nhng chng t quy nh phi xut trnh th n khng cn phi ging nh trong th tn dng hay nhng chng t khc xut trnh chung vi n, nhng phi thuc cng mt t nc tng ng nh a ch cp trong th tn dng. Nhng chi tit lin h (nh: s fax,in thoi, email, ) c nu nh mt phn a ch ca ngi th hng, ngi xin m th tn dng s b b qua. Trong trng hp ny ta thy tuy a ch ca ngi th hng trong L/C v a ch ca ngi pht hnh ha n thng mi nhng s khc bit ny vn nm trong phm vi lnh th Vit Nam v ph hp vi tn t nc nu trong L/C nn vn c xem l hp l Tuy nhin, trong trng hp sau th b chng t b coi l bt hp l: L/C: ngi yu cu m L/C: cng ty TNHH Hong Anh, 376A, Nguyn Trung Trc, Q1 TpHCM. T 08 3867679.

2.15 - iu 15: Chng t xut trnh hp l

CU HI TRC NGHIM Ngn hng xc nhn s lm g tip theo khi xc nhn chng t xut trnh l hp l: a) b) c) d) e) f) Thanh ton Chit khu cho chng t . Thc hin chuyn b chng t v ngn hng pht hnh. C a v c C b v c d hoc e

p n: g iu 15b. Khi ngn hng xc nhn xc nhn chng t xut trnh hp l th n buc phi thanh ton hoc chit khu v chuyn b chng t v ngn hng pht hnh. Khi ngn hng xc nhn xc nhn rng b chng t l hp l th ngn hng s tin thanh ton v sau chuyn b chng t v ngn hng pht hnh, hoc l thc hin chit khu v chuyn b chng t v ngn hng pht hnh.

2.16 - iu 16: Chng t bt hp l

CU HI TRC NGHIM Cng ty TNHH Thng Long sau khi xut khu tri cy ng gi qua th trng Malayxia, th lp b chng t cng vi LC v em n ngn hng Vietcombank l ngn hng c ngn hng ANZ ti Malayxia ch nh thanh ton. Sau khi kim tra thy b chng t c bt hp l do ngy giao hng trong vn n tr hn quy nh trong LC. Ngn hng vietcombank quyt nh t chi thanh ton v gi thng bo cho cng ty Thng Long. Trong thng bo ngn hng nu rng:ngn hng t chi thanh ton b chng t v ngy giao hng trong vn n tr hn quy nh trong L/C. Hi cng ty Thng Long c quyn yu cu ngn hng Vietcombank phi thanh ton cho b chng t ny khng? Gii quyt: Theo iu 16 khon c UCP 600 quy nh: Khi mt ngn hng c ch nh hy ng theo ch th hoc ngn hng pht hnh nu c, hoc ngn hng pht hnh quyt nh t chi thanh ton hoc chit khu th n phi thng bo v vic t chi cho ngi th hng. Ni dung thng bo phi nu r: Khng nh ngn hng t chi thanh ton hoc chit khuNu chi tit bt hp l th hin trn tng chng t m v ngn hng t chi thanh ton Ngn hng ang cm gi b chng t lm g nu r vi ngi xut trnh chng t mt trong cc cch sau y m ngn hng ang thc hin: Ch thm ch th ca ngi xut trnh chng t Ngn hng pht hnh ch ngi xin m th tn dng chp nhn b chng t bt hp l Ngn hng ang chuyn tr b chng t cho ngi xut trnh Ngn hng ang thc hin cc cng vic theo ch th ca ngi xut trnh chng t Trong trng hp ny, trong bng thng bo ngn hng Vietcombank thiu mc 3 l nu r ngn hng ang cm gi b chng t lm g. V vy cng ty Thng Long c quyn yu cu ngn hng thanh ton cho b chng t . V t thng bo c xem l khng hp l v quyn t chi thanh ton ca Vietcombank b b qua.

TNH HUNG Theo yu cu ca cng ty X ti M, Citibank m mt L/C loi T/TR (Telegraphic transfer Reimbursement: ging nh mt th tn dng thng thng nhng km theo c thm quy nh: cho php ngn hng phc v ngi th hng sau khi kim tra tnh hp l ca b chng t, ph hp vi nhng iu kin quy nh trong LC th c php in (telex) i tin ngn hng m LC hay mt ngn hng c ch nh trong th tn dng. N c p dng trong trng hp hai ngn hng c quan h thn tn ln nhau) gi cho cng ty Y ti Vit Nam thng qua ngn hng Vietinbank. L/C quy nh c gi tr thanh ton ti Eximbank. Khi hon thnh ngha v giao hng, cng ty Y lp b chng t em n ngn hng Eximbank yu cu thanh ton, ngn hng ny kim tra thy hp l chp nhn thanh ton. sau Eximbank gi in yu cu Citibank hon tr tin v vic hon tr c thc hin, nhng n khi nhn c b chng t Citibank mi pht hin l b chng t bt hp l. Hi Citibank c c i li s tin tin hnh hon tr hay khng?

Gii quyt: Theo iu 16 khon g UCP 600 quy nh: khi ngn hng pht hnh t chi thanh ton hay mt ngn hng xc nhn t chi thanh ton hoc chit khu v a ra thng bo v vic t chi thanh ton hay chit khu theo ng quy nh th s c quyn i li tin cng vi li sut cho bt c vic hon tr no thc hin. Vy ngn hng Citibank c quyn i li s tin hon tr nu nh n thc hin gi thng bo v bt hp l v s t chi thanh ton ca mnh cho Eximbank theo ng quy nh ca UCP 600. V ngn hng Eximbank buc phi tr li tin cho Citibank nu tht s bt hp l m Citibank pht hin l ng

2.17 - iu 17: Chng t gc v bn sao

TNH HUNG 1 Cng ty HN xut khu giy da cho doanh nghip A&B M. Cng ty HN nhn c mt bc L/C t ngn hng Vietcombank quy nh phi xut trnh nhng chng t sau y: Bill of Lading Commercial Invoice Packing list Certificate of origin Certificate of quantity and weight Insurance Policy L/C cng yu cu xut trnh 3 b Commercial Invoice nhng khng yu cu r phi xut trnh bao nhiu b bn chnh bao nhiu b bn sao. Hi ngi cng ty HN phi xut trnh bao nhiu b bn chnh bao nhiu b bn sao? Gii quyt: Theo iu 17 khon a UCP 600 quy nh: t nht mi chng t quy nh trong L/C phi c xut trnh 1 bn chnh. Nn trong trng hp ny cng ty HN c th xut trnh 1 bn chnh 2 bn sao ; hoc 2 bn chnh 1 bn sao ; hoc c 3 bn chnh u c. TNH HUNG 2 Cty HN xut khu giy da cho doanh nghip A&B M. Cty HN nhn c mt bc L/C do ngn hng Citibank. L/C c gi tr ti ngn hng pht hnh. Sau cng ty nh Vietinbank (ch n thun l ngn hng phc v mnh) xut trnh b chng t cho citibank ly tin thanh ton. Citibank kim tra b chng t v nhn thy trong L/C yu cu xut trnh bn sao nhng ngi xut trnh li xut trnh bn gc nn t chi thanh ton. Hi Citibank lm vy l ng hay sai? Ti sao?

Gii quyt: Ngn hng Citibank lm vy l sai. V theo iu 17 khon d UCP 600 quy nh: Nu th tn dng yu cu xut trnh chng t bn sao th vic xut trnh bn gc hay bn sao u c chp nhn. V vy trong trng hp ny b chng t m cng ty HN xut trnh vn l hp l v ngn hng Citibank phi thanh ton cho cng ty ny.

iu 18: CU HI TRC NGHIM Trong nhng i tng sau y, ai l ngi s pht hnh ha n thng mi trong phng thc thanh ton tn dng chng t? a) b) c) d) Ngi th hng Ngn hng pht hnh Ngi yu cu m L/C Ngn hng xc nhn

p n:cu a (iu 18a) Trong mt ha n thng mi: Phi th hin do ngi th hng pht hnh ( tr trng hp quy nh ti iu 38) Phi c lp cho ngi m th tn dng ( tr trng hp nu trong iu 38g ) Phi c lp trng vi n v tin t nu trong th tn dng v ; Khng cn phi k.

TNH HUNG 1 Gii quyt: Ngy 01/01/2013 theo yu cu ca cng ty HN, Citibank m L/C (L/C khng chuyn nhng v c gi tr ti Ngn hng pht hnh) cho cng ty M. Sau khi thc hin ngha v giao hng ca mnh, ngy 01/02/2013 cng ty M em b chng t n Vietcombank (NH phc v nh XK) y/c NH ny gi BCT ti Citibank v y/c thanh ton . Trong b chng t m cng ty M mang n c mt s chng t sau: Bill of Lading: do cng ty vn ti B pht hnh Commercial invoice: do cng ty X l mt cng ty hot ng trong cng ngnh vi cng ty M pht hnh v ghi r l gi cho ngn hng Citibank. Packing list: do cng ty vn ti B pht hnh Insurance Policy: do cng ty bo him C pht hnh Hi b chng t c hp l khng? Ti sao?

Gii quyt: B chng t ny c hai bt hp l: Bt hp l 1: Theo iu 18 khon a(i)UCP 600 va nu th Comercial Invoice phi do ngi th hng pht hnh. Trong trng hp ny ngi th hng l cng ty M nhng ngi pht hnh Commercial Invoice li l cng ty X. v vy m n hp l. Bt hp l 2: theo iu 18 khon a(ii) UCP 600 th Commercial invoice phi c lp cho ngi yu cu m L/C. y ngi yu cu m L/C l cng ty HN nhng Commercial invoice li c lp cho ngn hng Citibank. V vy m n bt hp l.

TNH HUNG 2 Mt ha n thng mi c ghi gi tr l 300.000 USD trong khi L/C li ghi c gi tr l 6.000.000.000 VN (t gi hi oi 20.000VN/USD). Hi ha n thng mi ny c coi l hp l khng? Gii quyt: Ha n thng mi ny l bt hp l. V theo iu 18 khon a(iii) UCP 600 quy nh: Ha n thng mi phi c lp trng vi n v tin t nu trong th tn dng. Trong trng hp ny ha n thng mi c tnh theo n v tin t l USD, cn L/C li c tnh theo VN. Mc d l gi tr nh nhau khi quy i nhng theo quy nh ca UCP th y vn l mt bt hp l.