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MC LC
LI NI U ................................................................................................................................... 1
DANH MC HNH V .................................................................................................................... 4
Chng 1: .......................................................................................................................................... 5
GII THIU ...................................................................................................................................... 5
t vn ...................................................................................................................................... 5
Mc tiu ti ............................................................................................................................... 5
Tng quan h thng ....................................................................................................................... 5
Tng quan bo co ......................................................................................................................... 6
Chng 2: .......................................................................................................................................... 7
C S L THUYT ........................................................................................................................ 7
Gii thiu chng .......................................................................................................................... 7
2.1. Gii thiu vi iu khin PIC18F2550 ..................................................................................... 7
2.2 Gii thiu tp lnh AT ............................................................................................................. 9
2.3. Modul sim 900B ................................................................................................................... 11
2.4. Chun giao tip RS232 ......................................................................................................... 11
2.4.1. u im ca giao din ni tip RS232: ......................................................................... 12
2.4.2. Nhng c im cn lu trong chun RS232 ............................................................. 12
2.4.3. Cc mc in p ng truyn ...................................................................................... 12
2.4.4.Qu trinh truyn d liu .................................................................................................. 12
2.4.5. Tc Baud ................................................................................................................... 13
2.4.6. Bit chn l hay Parity bit ................................................................................................ 13
2.5. Cu trc ca 1 tin nhn SMS ................................................................................................ 13
2.6. Gii thiu v J2ME ............................................................................................................... 13
2.6.1. Lch s ........................................................................................................................... 13
2.6.2. Kin trc ca J2ME ....................................................................................................... 14
2.6.3.Gii thiu MIDP ............................................................................................................. 16
2.7. Cc cng c s dng ............................................................................................................. 18
2.7.1. CCS C ............................................................................................................................ 18
2.7.2. Proteus 7.2 ..................................................................................................................... 18
2.7.3. Altium ............................................................................................................................ 18
2.7.4. Netbeans IDE ................................................................................................................. 19
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DANH MC HNH V
Hnh 2.1: S chn vi iu khin PIC18F2550.
Hnh 2.2: S kin trc J2ME.
Hnh 2.3: So snh cc thng s k thut ca CDC v CLDC.
Hnh 3.1: S lin kt cc modul ca h thng.
Hnh 3.2: S nguyn l b m s dng 74HC125.
Hnh 3.3: S nguyn l modul sim 900B.
Hnh 3.4: S chn modul vi iu khin PIC18F2550
Hnh 3.5: S nguyn l b ngun
Hnh 3.6.:S cu trc firmware ca PIC18F2550.
Hnh 3.7: S chc nng phn mm trn in thoi.
Hnh 3.8: S DFD mc nh ca phn mm trn in thoi.
Hnh 4.1: Thit b nhn v gii m tn hiu.
Hnh 4.2: Giao din phn mm.
Hnh 4.3: Giao din phn mm.
Hnh 4.4: Demo bt 2 n s 5 v 8.
Hnh 4.5: Demo bt 4 n s 1, 3, 5 v 8.
Hnh p.1: S nguyn l b m.
Hnh p.2: S nguyn l modul sim 900B.
Hnh p.3:S nguyn l khi PIC18F2550.
Hnh p.4: S nguyn l khi ngun.
Hnh p.5: S nguyn l main board.
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Chng 1:
GII THIU
t vn
Cng ngh nhy cng pht trin v thm nhp su hn vo cuc sng ca con
ngi. Hn 5 nm trc in thoi cn l mt hng kh t th gi y nhng chic
smartphone mnh m tr thnh ngi bn khng th thiu trong cuc sng ca
nhiu ngi. Chng ta khng nhng c th gi in, nhn tin n thun trn in thoi
nh trc m gi c th chi game, lt web, check mail hay s dng nhng phn
mm tin ch khc phc v cho i sng hng ngy. Vy ti sao chng ta khng ngh
ti mt thit b c th gip chng ta iu khin, gim st mi thiu b in trong cn
nh yu qu ca mnh thng qua vi thao tc n gin trn chic in thoi di ng?
Hy tng tng, nu bn i lm v phn vn khng bit mnh tt l vi sng hay
cha? Bn mun bt sn bnh nng lnh vo ma ng hay bt trc iu ha vo ma
h trc khi v nh? Bn i du lch nhiu ngy v khng mun cy cnh trong vn
kh ho hay th cng b cht v i? Tt c cc iu trn s khng cn l mi bn
tm nu bn s hu mt thit b nh gn cho php bn iu khin mi th trong nh
thng qua chic in thoi ca mnh.
Mc tiu ti
ti hng ti vic thit k mt thit b nh gn c kt ni vi cc thit b
in trong nh gip ngi s dng c th d dng iu khin mi th qua phn mm
gn nh c ci trn in thoi hay smartphone. Thit b phi c kh nng hot ng
bn b 24/7, phi thc hin nhanh gn v chnh xc mi khi c yu cu, giao din
ngi dng cho phn mm trn in thoi phi thn thin v d dng nng cp cng
nh b sung thm s lng cc thit b c th iu khin.
Tng quan bo co
Trong bo co ny nhm s trnh by chi tit v:
C s l thuyt (v c phn cng v phn mm), cc cng c s dng.
Yu cu h thng.
Nu ra cc gii php cng ngh v la chn gii php.
Thit k h thng.
Kt qu t c, kinh nghim rt ra v kt lun.
Chng 2:
C S L THUYT
Gii thiu chng
Chng ny s cp n c s l thuyt ca cc phn mm cng nh phn
cng s s dng trong n nh vi iu khin, modul sim, tp lnh AT v cc cng
ngh lin quan; cc phn mm s s dng trong n.
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y l bit kim tra li tren ng truyn. Thc cht ca qu trnh kim tra li
khi truyn d liu l b xung thm d liu c truyn tm ra hoc sa mt s li
trong qu trinh truyn . Do trong chun RS232 s dng mt k thut kim tra chn
l.
J2ME c pht trin t kin trc Java Card, Embeded Java v Personal Java
ca phin bn Java 1.1. n s ra i ca Java 2 th Sun quyt nh thay th Personal
Java v c gi vi tn mi l Java 2 Micro Edition, hay vit tt l J2ME. ng vi
tn gi, J2ME l nn tng cho cc thit b c tnh cht nh, gn nh:
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vit trn J2SE hay J2EE v chy trn cc my h tr J2ME. Sau y l cc profile tiu
biu:
Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP): profile ny s b sung cc tnh
nng nh h tr kt ni, cc thnh phn h tr giao din ngi dng vo
CLDC. Profile ny c thit k ch yu nhm vo in thai di ng vi
c tnh l mn hnh hin th hn ch, dung lng cha c hn. Do MIDP s
cung cp mt giao din ngi dng n gin v cc tnh nng mng n gin
da trn HTTP. C th ni MIDP l profile ni ting nht bi v n l kin thc
c bn cho lp trnh Java trn cc my di ng (Wireless Java).
PDA Profile: tng t MIDP, nhng vi th trng l cc my PDA vi mn
hnh v b nh ln hn.
Foundation Profile: cho php m rng cc tnh nng ca CDC vi phn ln cc
th vin ca b Core Java2 1.3.
2.6.3.Gii thiu MIDP
A. nh ngha:
y l Profile c nh ngha dnh ring cho cc thit b di ng v l thnh
phn chnh trong J2ME. MIDP cung cp cc chc nng c bn cho hu ht cc dng
thit b di ng ph bin nht nh cc my in thoi di ng v cc my PDA. Tuy
nhin MIDP c thit k cho cc my di ng c cu hnh rt thp. Cc tnh nng m
MIDP cung cp v nhng gii hn ca n.
17
CCS l trnh bin dch lp trnh ngn ng C cho vi iu khin Pic ca hng
Microchip. Chng trnh l s tch hp ca 3 trnh bin dch ring bit cho 3 dng PIC
khc nhay l:
PCB cho dng PIC 12-bit opcodes.
PCM cho dng PIC 14-bit opcodes.
PCh cho dng PIC 16 v 18 bit.
Tt c 3 trnh bin dch ny c tch hp li trong mt chng trnh bao gm
c trnh son tho v bin dch l CCS.
Ging nh nhiu trnh bin dch C khc cho PIC, CCS gip ngi s dng nm
bt nhanh c vi iu khin PIC v s dng PIC trong cc d n. Cc chng trnh
iu khin s c thc hin nhanh chng v t hiu qu cao thng qua vic s dng
ngn ng lp trnh cp cao Ngn ng C.
2.7.3. Altium
18
Cc c trng c bn:
Giao din thit k, qun l v chnh sa thn thin, d dng bin dch, qun l
file, qun l phin bn cho cc ti liu thit k.
H tr mnh m cho vic thit k t ng, i dy t ng theo thut ton ti u,
phn tch lp rp linh kin. H tr vic tm cc gii php thit k hoc chnh sa
mch, linh kin, netlist c sn t trc theo cc tham s mi.
M, xem v in cc file thit k mch d dng vi y cc thng tin linh kin,
netlist, d liu bn v, kch thc, s lng
H thng cc th vin linh kin phong ph, chi tit v hon chnh bao gm tt c
cc linh kin nhng, s, tng t...
t v sa i tng trn cc lp c kh, nh ngha cc lut thit k, ty chnh
cc lp mch in, chuyn t schematic sang PCB, t v tr linh kin trn PCB.
M phng mch PCB 3D, em li hnh nh mch in trung thc trong khng
gian 3 chiu, h tr MCAD-ECAD, lin kt trc tip vi m hnh STEP, kim
tra khong cch cch in, cu hnh cho c 2D v 3D.
H tr thit k PCB sang FPGA v ngc li.
Kt hp vi cc board mch cng nh NB2, NB3000 thnh mt phng th
nghim hon chnh v y gip ngi thit k rt ngn thi gian t thit k
n cc sn phm thc t.
2.7.4. Netbeans IDE
Kt lun chng
Chng ti trnh by nhng khi nim quan trng nht cng nh nhng phn
cng, phn mm v cng ngh s dng trong n ny. Phn tip theo xin i vo chi
tit thit k v trin khai h thng iu khin thit b in trong nh thng qua SMS.
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Chng 3:
THIT K H THNG
Gii thiu chng
Trong chng ny chng ti xin trnh by v cc yu cu ca h thng cng nh
thit k phn cng cng nh phn mm ca h thng.
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D. LCD:
n gin l LCD 16x2 mua ngoi th trng cm trn bo mch chnh. LCD
dng debug v thit lp thng s, bnh thng hot ng nn tho ra tit kim
nng lng.
E. Microprocessor:
Vi iu khin PIC18F2550 cng vi USB connector, thch anh c s dng
trong modul ny. Mc ch l d dng ti s dng vi iu khin ny trong cc n
khc.
Modul sim 900B c th s dng c tin nhn dng text v dng binary. Qua phn
tch 2 dng tin nhn ny nhm quyt nh la chn s dng dng tin nhn nh phn do
cc c im nh:
D dng m ha cu trc tin nhn theo mun. T d dng trin khai cc
bin php m ha lm tng tnh bo mt ca h thng.
Dung lng byte phi x l thp nn ph hp vi cc vi iu khin c b nh
nh, t c th h gi thnh sn phm.
Tuy nhin gi tin nhn dng ny th khng th dng cc ng dng nhn tin
thng thng trn in thoi di ng c m phi xy dng ring mt ng dng gi
tin nhn dng nh phn. y c th coi l 1 im yu, tuy nhin theo thit k ban u
ca nhm th khng th thiu phn mm trn in thoi. Do y khng cn l im
yu ca phng n ny na m cn ging nh mt lp ca vn bo mt (tnh bo
mt cao hn so vi s dng tin nhn dng text thng thng).
Phn mm trn in thoi nhm la chn vit bng Java c th d dng chy
trn cc in thoi ph thng h tr Java. La chn ny gip sn phm c th n c
vi nhiu ngi dng hn. pht trin trong tng lai c th chuyn m ngun sang
vit cho cc nn tng khc.
debug trn my tnh nhm quyt nh s dng driver vit bng cng COM o
ch khng s dng giao tip USB ca PIC18F2550, tuy nhin vn cm bng cp USB.
L do cho d la chn ny l vic vit driver bng cng COM o d dng hn nhiu so
vi vit cho giao tip USB m khi dng debug th hiu qu hon ton tng ng.
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Sau khi xa tin nhn h thng s quay v trng thi ch nhn tin nhn mi gi
n.
Lnh gi mt tin nhn:
AT+CMGS=<da><CR>
<data><ctrl-Z/ESC>
<da> a ch nhn
<Ctrl-Z> (SUB c m 0x1A) gi tin nhn.
<ESC> (ESC c m 0x1B) hy vic gi tin nhn.
Hi p h thng:
Nu gi thnh cng:
+CMGS: <mr>
OK
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Nu c li xy ra:
+CMS ERROR: <err>
B. Cu trc lnh ca h thng
Nhm tin hnh m ha lnh ca h thng thnh tng byte vi cu trc sau
nhm tin li trong qu trnh x l.
Lnh thay i trng thi thit b ca h thng:
Gm c 3 byte:
cmd[0] = 0x3A
(:)
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Tt/bt thit b
Tt/bt thit
b
Bo co tnh trng
Bo co tnh
trng hin ti
Ci t
Tr gip
Ci t thit
b
Hng dn
Ci t a
ch SMS
Thng tin v
ng dng
Ci t
pasword
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Bt/tt thit b
Ngi dng
Ci t
Thit b
Bo co tnh trng
CSDL
Tr gip
password gi km trong tin nhn gip tng tnh bo mt. Tuy nhin tnh nng m
ha v nhn din mt khu ca nhm cha c xy dng.
Qun l thit b:
Cho php i tn cc thit b qun l. Thng tin ny c lu trong c s d
liu.
Tr gip:
Thng tin hng dn s dng v thng tin ca nhm sinh vin.
Giao din ca phn mm v hng dn s dng c nu trong chng 4: Kt qu t
c v kinh nghim.
Kt lun chng
Trong chng ny chng ti trnh by cc yu cu h thng, xut v la
chn gii php cng nh thit k ca ton b cc thnh phn ca h thng. Nhm
bm st cc im trnh by trong chng ny khi trin khai h thng v thu c kt
qu kh quan.
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Chng 4:
KT QU T C V KINH NGHIM
4.1. Kt qu t c
hon thnh sn phm l 1 mch in dng iu khin c 8 thit b cm
ngoi v 1 phn mm chy trn in thoi di dng iu khin 8 cng ca mch. H
thng sau khi hon thnh thc hin c cc chc nng yu cu ban du nh: c
phn mm chy trn in thoi nhn tin iu khin mch in, mch in c chc
nng iu khin cc cng ra ni vi cc relay iu khin thit b ngoi (dng ra c
th a ln 100mA), c cc n LED bo hiu trng thi hin ti ca cc cng, c
cng giao tip USB vi my tnh, c thm chc nng hin th LCD thng bo trng
thi.
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Sau khi hon thnh nhm tin hnh test th sn phm v thu c kt qu
tt: mch in chy n nh, khng c hin tng nng sau 2 ngy k c khi tn sut
cc lnh iu khin cao. Phn mm chy tt trn in thoi cho giao din p v d
dng s dng.
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Chng 5:
KT LUN
5.1. Nhng im cn hn ch
Mc d cc yu cu c bn ca h thng c gii quyt, nhng sau khi chy
th v nghim thu nhm chng ti thy sn phm vn cn mt s thiu st, hn ch
nh sau:
V phn cng:
Thit k mch in tuy thnh khi vung vn nhng vic lp ghp vn cha
d dng, vn cn 1 khi mch m ca modun sim v modun PIC vn b ngc
khi layout dn n khi ny b quay ngc xung dn n mch cha p v
lm cho h thng b knh.
Trong khi thit k cng giao tip USB vn quay vo trong dn n khi giao tip
vi my tnh phi tho v hp ra hoc phi c thm dy ni USB ra ngoi. L
do cho vic quay vo trong ny do cnh ca main board nhm s dng xut t
hiu ra qu cht chi nn phi tnh phng n quay sang hng khc.
Thit k cc chn np cho PIC khi layout b ngc dy vi thng thng. Tuy
nhin nhm quay ngc li connector dng cho np PIC nn khng c vn
g xy ra
Tuy thit k cc l khoan lm c nh cho thit b nhng mt vi ch vn
cn cha chc chn v cha thit k c anten n bn trong thit b m vn
l ra ngoi. T cn thit k v tr gn anten vo c hp nu sn phm c
thng mi ha.
V phn mm:
Phn mm tuy thc hin c chc nng thng bo, iu khin c bn nhng
vn cha thc hin tt kh nng bo mt.
Phn mm ny i hi my in thoi phi c th ci t cc ng dng Java.
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5.3. Kt lun
Nhm t c cc mc tiu ban u m thy gio ra, v lm ra c
phin bn chy th nghim n nh an ton.
Trong qu trnh lm vic gip nhm rt ra c nhiu kinh nghim qu bu
v gip cc thnh vin trao di thm nhiu kin thc, k nng cn thit cho hc tp v
lm vic sau ny.
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DANH MC T VIT TT
AT
Attention
ATD (Dial) / ATA (Answer) / ATH (Hool control) / ATO (return to online data
state)
CAN
CPU
COM
CLDC
CDC
DFD
DCS
EGSM
FPGA
GSM
GPRS
HTTPS
I/O
Input/Output
IC
Intergrated circuit
ICSP
LCD
LED
MIDP
PC
Personal Computer
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PIC
PLL
Phase-locked loop
PDA
RMS
SMS
SIM
USB
I2 C
Inter-Intergarated Circuit
RS-232
SPI
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PH LC 1
S nguyn l ton b h thng
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50
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