THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO HACCP CHO NH MY CH BIN C TRA - BASA FILLET NG LNH

GVHD: PGS. TS. ng Th Anh o HVTH: Tng Phan Duy Phc H Th Ngc Nhung H Th Ngn H
1

NI DUNG
1. GII THIU CHUNG 2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP CHO NH MY CH BIN C TRA BASA FILLET NG LNH

1. GII THIU CHUNG

Yu cu nc nhp khu v t chc quc t Hiu qu khi kim sot mi nguy mang tnh hu c gn lin vi thc phm

V SAO NN P DNG HACCP

Hiu qu kinh t Hiu qu khi kim sot cc mi nguy ngoi an ton thc phm

p dng cho mi nhu cu kim sot cht lng

1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.1. V sao nn p dng HACCP?
Li ch - Ngi tiu dng: + Gim thiu v loi tr ton b nguy c gy bnh truyn qua thc phm + Nng cao nhn thc v v sinh c bn + Ci thin cht lng thc phm - Cng nghip:

+ Tng kh nng cnh tranh, tip th, tng uy tn i vi x hi

+ Gim ti a chi ph n + Ci tin qu trnh sn xut v mi trng lm vic cng nghip + Ci tin nng lc qun l + Tng c hi kinh doanh v xut, nhp khu
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.2. Gii thiu v cc loi mi nguy
Khi nim mi nguy - Theo FDA v HACCP truyn thng Mi nguy l cc nhn t sinh hc, ha hc hoc vt l trong thc phm, hoc iu kin c kh nng gy hi cho sc khe ca ngi tiu dng - Theo EU Mi nguy l cc nhn t sinh hc, ha hc hoc vt l trong thc phm, hoc iu kin c kh nng gy hi cho sc khe ca ngi tiu dng hoc lm gim tnh kh dng

- Theo NMFS (National Marine Fisheries Service)

Mi nguy l cc nhn t sinh hc, ha hc hoc vt l trong thc phm, hoc iu kin c kh nng gy hi cho sc khe ca ngi tiu dng hoc lm gim tnh kh dng, tnh kinh t 5

FDA & HACCP TRUYN THNG

AN TON THC PHM 1. Vt l 2. Ha hc 3. Sinh hc HACCP THEO EU HACCP THEO NMFS

TNH KH DNG

S GIAN DI V KINH T
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.2. Gii thiu v cc loi mi nguy
Cc mi nguy an ton thc phm

- Mi nguy vt l
+ Yu t vt l khng mong mun c th gy hi cho ngi tiu dng + Nhim vo t: + Nguyn liu

+ Dy chuyn sn xut
+ Cng nhn + Nh xng,
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.2. Gii thiu v cc loi mi nguy
Cc mi nguy an ton thc phm
- Mi nguy ha hc L cc cht ha hc (c t VSV) c th gy c cp tnh hay mn tnh, nhim vo sn phm t mi trng hay c s dng, cc phn ng ha hc xy ra trong qu trnh sn xut. + Gn lin vi loi thy sn
Histamin: C ng, c thu, PSP, DSP, ASP, NSP,...: Nhuyn th 2 mnh v CFP: C hng, c m,... (2kg) Tetrodotoxin: C nc Kim loi nng D lng khng sinh, thuc tr su Cc cht ty ra, cht kh trng Cc loi du my,...

+ Do con ngi v tnh a vo

+ Do con ngi a vo c mc ch
Bisulphite, borat, polyphosphate,... dng bo qun nguyn liu. Ph gia, phm mu: phi ch trong mt s sn phm.
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.2. Gii thiu v cc loi mi nguy
Cc mi nguy an ton thc phm - Mi nguy sinh hc L cc VSV, k sinh trng c th gy hi cho ngi tiu dng + Vi khun
Vi khun thng tr:
Sinh c t: Clostridium botulinum, Vibrio spp.,... Bn thn gy bnh: Listeria spp.

Vi khun nhim t bn ngoi:

Sinh c t: Staphylococcus aureus,... Bn thn gy bnh: Salmonella spp.

+ Virus
Hepatitis A, B,

+ K sinh trng v ng vt nguyn sinh

Giun trn (Nematodes) Sn l (Trematodes): Clonorchis spp. Sn dy (Cestodes): Toenia solium ng vt nguyn sinh (protozoa): Entamoeba histolytica gy bnh l Amip.
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.2. Gii thiu v cc loi mi nguy
Cc mi nguy khng lin quan n an ton thc phm - Tnh kh dng L tnh cht ca sn phm ph hp lm thc phm cho ngi. + Bin cht (bin mu, bin mi,...) + Thnh phn phi ch sai - Gian di v kinh t Nhng sai st gy thit hi v kinh t cho ngi tiu dng.

+ Ln loi, sai c,
+ Ghi nhn sai + Thiu khi lng,
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.3. Yu cu tin quyt i vi vic p dng HACCP iu kin tin quyt - Nh xng - Dng c, thit b - Con ngi + Lnh o x nghip:
Quan tm C kin thc

+ i ng qun l cht lng:

s lng C trnh c o to

+ Cng nhn
s lng c o to
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.3. Yu cu tin quyt i vi vic p dng HACCP Chng trnh tin quyt - Qui phm sn xut GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) - Qui phm v sinh SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures)

HACCP HACCP

GMP GMP

SSOP SSOP
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1. GII THIU CHUNG 1.3. Yu cu tin quyt i vi vic p dng HACCP

Chng trnh tin quyt - Qui phm sn xut GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) Cc bin php, thao tc thc hnh cn tun th nhm m bo sn xut ra nhng sn phm t yu cu v cht lng. + Phm vi ca GMP
Ha cht Ph gia Nc Nc Bao b

Nguyn liu

Tay ngh cng nhn Tay ngh cng nhn Thi gian Nhit Thi gian Nhit

Thnh phm

Mi trng ch bin

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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.3. Yu cu tin quyt i vi vic p dng HACCP
Chng trnh tin quyt - Qui phm sn xut GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices)

+ Phn bit gia GMP v SSOP trong lnh vc v sinh

GMP quy nh cc yu cu v sinh chung v bin php ngn nga cc yu t gy nhim xm nhp vo thc phm do iu kin v sinh km. SSOP l cc qui phm dng t c cc yu cu v sinh chung ca GMP.
GMP

SSOP
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.3. Yu cu tin quyt i vi vic p dng HACCP
Chng trnh tin quyt - Qui phm v sinh - SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures) + SSOP l g? L quy trnh lm v sinh v th tc kim sot v sinh + Ti sao phi p dng SSOP?
Gip thc hin mc tiu duy tr cc GMP Gim s lng cc im kim sot ti hn Tng hiu qu ca k hoch HACCP Cn thit ngay c khi khng c chng trnh HACCP

+ Ni dung SSOP 1. An ton ca ngun nc 2. An ton ca nc 3. Cc b mt tip xc vi sn phm 4. Ngn nga s nhim cho 5. V sinh c nhn 6. Bo v sn phm khng b nhim bn 7. S dng, bo qun ha cht 8. Sc khe cng nhn 9. Kim sot ng vt gy hi 10. Cht thi

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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.4. Gii thiu v HACCP
Khi nim v HACCP HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) l h thng qun l cht lng mang tnh phng nga, nhm m bo an ton thc phm v cht lng thc phm da trn vic phn tch mi nguy v xc nh cc bin php kim sot ti cc im kim sot ti hn

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1. GII THIU CHUNG 1.4. Gii thiu v HACCP

Nguyn tc ca HACCP 1. Phn tch mi nguy 2. Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn 3. Thit lp cc gii hn ti hn 4. Thit lp h thng gim st 5. ra hnh ng sa cha

6. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra
7. Thit lp th tc lu tr h s
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1. GII THIU CHUNG

1.4. Gii thiu v HACCP Cc bc thc hin 1. Thnh lp i HACCP 2. M t sn phm 3. Xc lp quy trnh cng ngh 4. Xc nh s v b tr mt bng 5. Kim tra s b tr mt bng 6. Phn tch mi nguy 7. Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn (CCP) 8. Thit lp cc gii hn ti hn 9. Thit lp h thng gim st 10. ra hnh ng sa cha 11. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra 12. Thit lp th tc lu tr h s

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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP CHO NH MY CH BIN C TRA FILLET NG LNH

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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.1. Thnh lp i HACCP

Yu cu

- c hun luyn c bn v HACCP

- Hiu bit v c kinh nghim v: + Vt l, ha hc, sinh hc

+ Cng tc v sinh
+ Cng ngh ch bin + Kt cu nh xng

+ Trang thit b, my mc
+ Cc lnh vc khc - Am hiu tnh hnh thc t ca x nghip
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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.1. Thnh lp i HACCP C cu - i din Ban gim c - B phn kim sot cht lng (QC) - B phn qun l iu hnh sn xut - B phn qun l thit b, cng ngh

- Chuyn gia t bn ngoi (nu cn)

S lng thnh vin: 3 9 ngi
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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.1. Thnh lp i HACCP

Th tc
- Quyt nh thnh lp (phm v hot ng v quyn hn) - Danh sch thnh vin v phn cng trch nhim

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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.1. Thnh lp i HACCP Trch nhim - Xy dng k hoch HACCP - Xc nh tin thc hin HACCP - Gi vai tr ch cht trong vic o to v thc hin HACCP

- Thm tra, sa i k hoch HACCP

- Xem xt, bo co vic thc hin HACCP
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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.2. M t sn phm

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2.2. M t sn phm
TT 1 2 3 C IM Tn sn phm Tn nguyn liu Khu vc khai thc nguyn liu M T C BASA - C TRA FILLET NG LNH - C Basa : Pangasius bocourti - C Tra : Pangasius hypophthalmus - C Basa v c Tra nui b trong vng An Giang, ng Thp, Cn Th, (c quanh nm), c s qun l v v sinh mi trng v qui nh v kim sot vic s dng thuc khng sinh, kim sot d lng thuc bo v thc vt do c quan Nh nc c thm quyn ban hnh. - Khong cch n cng ty t 1 60 km Nguyn liu cn sng, c ch bng ghe c t vng nui n bn cng ty, thi gian khng qu 6 gi...., sau c c cho vo thng, a ln xe v chuyn n ni tip nhn nguyn liu ca cng ty. Ti y nguyn liu c b phn k thut ca cng ty kim tra, loi ra nhng con khng t yu cu v cht lng cng nh trng lng, ch nhn nhng nguyn liu t yu cu, sau cn v vo mng np nguyn liu tin hnh cc cng on tip theo. - C fillet c phn thnh loi I; loi II v phn theo c: 60-120; 120-170; 170-220; 220-UP (gr/ming). - C m bng bo v; dy, mng theo yu cu khch hng. - ng Block: 4,5 hay 5,0 kg / block/ PE, cng c loi - ng IQF: 0,9 hay 1kg / PE, cng c loi - ai np: 2 ngang, 2 dc Lu : PE ch hn kn ming khi trn bao PE c y cc thng tin theo yu cu dn nhn. Khng
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Cch thc bo qun, vn chuyn v tip nhn nguyn liu

M t tm tt qui cch thnh phm

Thnh phn khc

2.1. M t sn phm (tip)

TT C IM M T

Cc cng on ch bin chnh

Tip nhn nguyn liu - Ra 1 Ct tit Ngm Fillet - Ra 2 Lng da Chnh hnh - Ra 3 Kim - Phn c, mu s b Soi k sinh trng Ra 4 X l ph gia Phn c Phn mu Cn - Ra 5 Xp khun Ch ng Cp ng Tch khun - M bng Bao gi D kim loi Bo qun
- ng Block: cho 2 block c 4,5 hay 5,0 cng c loi vo thng carton; ai np 2 ngang 2 dc. - ng IQF: Cho 10 hay 12 ti PE (0,9 hay 1,0 kg) cng c loi vo thng carton, ai np 2 ngang 2 dc . - Bo qun kho lnh c nhit -200C - Sn phm c phn phi, vn chuyn dng ng lnh v bo qun nhit -18 0 C Trong vng 24 thng k t ngy sn xut Theo thi hn s dng Nc sn xut, s hiu nh my, a ch, ngy sn xut, thi hn s dng, trng lng tnh, trng lng ng, tn sn phm, dng ch bin, c, loi, m s l sn phm v m s xut vo EU Khng Sn phm s ch, nu chn trc khi n Tt c mi ngi Theo tiu chun ca khch hng nhng khng thp hn TCVN 867/ 26 BYT

Kiu bao gi

9 10 11 12 13

iu kin bo qun iu kin phn phi, vn chuyn sn phm Thi hn s dng Thi hn by bn sn phm Cc yu cu v dn nhn

14 15 16 17

Cc iu kin c bit Phng thc s dng i tng s dng Cc qui nh, yu cu cn phi tun th

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.3. Xc lp quy trnh cng ngh Mc ch S quy trnh cng ngh l mt cng c quan trng xy dng k hoch HACCP

Yu cu
- y cc bc - ng trnh t cc bc

- y cc thng s k thut v cc thao tc chnh ti tng bc

+ n gin, r rng
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TNNL RA 1 CT TIT - NGM FILLET RA 2 LNG DA CHNH HNH RA 3 KIM - PHN C, MU S B

GMP 1

GMP 2

GMP 3

GMP 4

GMP 5

GMP 6

SOI KST
GMP 8

GMP 7

RA 4 PHN C

GMP 9

X L PH GIA
GMP 10

PHN MU
CN RA 5

GMP 11 28

GMP 12

XP KHUN XP KHUN

GMP 13

CH NG CH NG

GMP 14

CP NG CP NG

GMP 15

TCH KHUN TCH KHUN

GMP 16

M BNG M BNG

GMP 17

BAO BAO GI GI

GMP 18

D KIM D KIMLOI LOI

GMP 19

BO QUN

GMP 20

S quy trnh ch bin c tra - basa fillet ng lnh

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Thuyt minh quy trnh

CNG ON
TIP NHN NGUYN LIU RA 1

THNG S K THUT
- C nguyn con cn sng, cht lng ti tt theo yu cu. - C khng mang mm bnh, khng khuyt tt. - Trng lng 500 gam/con.

THUYT MINH
- C Basa, C Tra c cn b k thut gim st kim tra v an ton thuc khng sinh trc khi chun b thu hoch. - C c vn chuyn n bn c cng ty bng ghe c gi c cn sng. Sau c c cho vo thng nha, a ln xe v vn chuyn n khu tip nhn v ct tit cu cng ty. - QC cng on tip nhn nguyn liu ca cng ty kim tra h s nguyn liu v cht lng nguyn liu, loi nhng con khng t yu cu. Sau cn nguyn liu, cho vo bn ra cho sch tp cht bm trn mnh c v a vo ct tit.

CT TIT NGM FILLET RA 2

- Ngm 1.500 kg thay C c git cht bng cch ct hu. C sau khi git cht cho nc. vo bn nc bng inox ngm ra nhit bnh thng. - Thi gian < 20 pht. - Phn d 1.5 cm. - Ra 30 kg thay nc. - Sau thi gian ngm c c vt ln, dng dao bng inox v tht nha fillet c; ming fillet cn phn d bng khng qu 1,5 cm; phng, khng c c nhiu vt ct; khng c st xng v khng c st tht xng, trnh lm v ni tng. - C c fillet di vi nc sch nhit bnh thng ra ht mu cn st; sau cho vo r c l thot nc cn ly nng sut tng c nhn. - Fillet sau khi cn ly nng sut xong c nhi ra qua 2 h; h 1 dng tay ra tht nhanh v mnh cho ming fillet c sch mu; sau ra li h 2. Nc ra chy lin tc v thay nc ng tn sut qui nh. Fillet ra xong c vt ra tin 30 hnh cng on tip theo.

Thuyt minh quy trnh (tip)

CNG ON THNG S K THUT THUYT MINH

LNG DA

St da 10% din - Dng dao bn hoc my chuyn dng lng st vo da tng tch ming fillet. ming fillet; lng sch da nhng khng phm tht v rch d; mi r fillet sau khi lng da khng qu 10 kg. - Qu trnh thao tc thc hin nhanh, ly nng sut c nhn rt ngn thi gian tn ng sn phm.
- Nhit bn thnh phm 14150C. - Nc ra 8 oC. - Ra 100 kg thay nc. - C c cn thnh mi r 2,5kg hoc 5,0kg, sau tin hnh sa sch theo qui nh. - Dng dao inox bn gt sch phn tht trn lng; m v xng bng ming fillet, thao tc nh nhng kho lo, khng c phm vo phn tht; trong qu trnh sa, c lun c gi lnh v trc khi mang ra kim c c nhng ra trong thng nc lnh sch cho ming fillet sch v lnh. - Ly nng sut c nhn rt ngn thi gian tn ng sn phm. - B tr cng nhn c tay ngh cao kim tra tng ming fillet ng vi tiu chun k thut qui nh (khng cn xt tht , m, xng, b rch, mt lng phng u), tr li cho cng nhn nhng ming fillet khng t yu cu. - Tin hnh nhanh chng, khng sn phm ng.
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CHNH HNH RA 3

KiM PHN C, MU S B

Thuyt minh quy trnh (tip)

CNG ON SOI K SINH TRNG RA 4 THNG S K THUT THUYT MINH

Kim tra thm tra Fillet sau khi kim c a qua bn soi k sinh trng theo tn sut 30 tng ming mt, nu pht hin c k sinh trng th loi sn pht/ln/10kg. phm ra khi dy chuyn sn xut. Thao tc nhanh, khng sn phm ng. - Nhit 8 0C Fillet c ra k qua 2 h, khi ra dng tay o nh - Ra 200 kg th cho ming fillet c sch; mi ln ra khng qu 5 kg/1 thay nc. r; thay nc ng tn sut qui nh. Ra xong ro mi tin hnh cng on tip theo. - Nhit dung dch Cho ming fillet vo my quay, ty theo my ln hoc ph gia 80C. nh, s lng khong 100, 200, 300 kg cho mi m quay, - Thi gian quay 8 thi gian quay phi ng theo qui nh. Sau chuyn cho 10 pht. cng on tip theo. Sai s cho php 2%. - Phn c ming c theo gram/1fillet, Oz/1fillet hoc theo yu cu ca khch hng. - Fillet c phn thnh cc c nh: 60120; 120 -170;170220; 220-UP, tu theo yu cu khch hng. - Thao tc nhanh v chnh xc, khng sn phm b ng.
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X L PH GIA

PHN C

Thuyt minh quy trnh (tip)

CNG ON THNG S K THUT THUYT MINH

PHN MU
CN RA 5

- Sau khi phn c xong th c phn thnh loi 1, loi 2, loi 3, loi 4. - Thao tc nhanh, khng sn phm b ng.
- Nhit nc ra - Trng lng c cn theo yu cu khch hng v ng 80C theo tng c, loi. - Ra 100 kg thay - Sn phm c cn theo 2 dng: nc + Dng ng Block: trng lng tnh mi r 4,5 hoc 5 kg. + Dng ng IQF: trng lng tnh mi r 0,9 1 kg. - Mi r u c b th c ghi ngy thng nm sn xut qui cch ph hp vi sn phm. Thao tc thc hin nhanh khng sn phm b ng. - Sn phm c ra qua 2 h, khi ra dng tay o nh cho ming fillet c sch; thay nc ng tn sut qui nh. - Xp khun theo tng c, loi ring bit hoc theo yu cu ca khch hng. - Sn phm ra xong ro mi tin hnh xp khun. - Fillet xp khun theo 2 dng: Block v IQF. - Xp ri nhau khng c dnh; th c, loi sao cho d nhn. Thao tc thc hin nhanh khng sn phm b ng, ly nng sut c nhn rt ngn thi gian tn ng sn phm. 33

XP KHUN

Thuyt minh quy trnh (tip)

CNG ON CH NG THNG S K THUT - Thi gian 4gi - T0 = - 1 + 40C THUYT MINH - Hng vo kho ch ng trc phi c cp ng trc. - QC thnh phm kim tra nhit v thi gian qu trnh ch ng vi tn sut 1 ln trong vng 1 gi. Hng ch bin trc cp ng trc. Trc khi a hng vo cp ng, i vi t ng tip xc phi chy khi ng t n khi c mt lp bng mng ph trn cc tm plate mi cho hng vo cp ng. - Thao tc nh nhng trnh gy sn phm. - Hng ng ri tch khun theo tng c; hng ng Block tch khun nguyn Block. Tch khun bng cch dng nc m pha di y khun tch ly sn phm ra ng gi. - T0 = 00C 30C Dng thit b m bng phun sng m sn -Thay nc phm, nhit nc m bng c lm lnh. 1gi/ln
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CP NG

- Thi gian 3 gi - T0 ttsp - 180C

TCH KHUN

M BNG

Thuyt minh quy trnh (tip)

CNG ON BAO GI THNG S K THUT THUYT MINH

Thi gian bao gi - Bao gi ng c, loi, ng theo yu cu tng khch hng. khng qu 30 pht. - Thng tin trn bao b phi theo quy nh hin hnh ca Nh nc Vit Nam hoc theo quy nh ca khch hng. - i vi sn phm ng block: cho mi block c vo 1 PE; 2 block cng c loi cho vo mt thng carton - i vi sn phm ng IQF: tch ri tng ming c theo tng c loi; sau cho vo ti PE, mi ti c trng lng tnh 0,9-1kg (Ch hn kn ming khi trn PE c y thng tin theo yu cu v dn nhn); 10 hay 12 ti PE cng c loi cho vo mt thng carton, ty theo yu cu ca khch hng. - ai np 2 ngang 2 dc. K m hiu bn ngoi thng ph hp vi ni dung bn trong sn phm. - Tng n v sn phm c a qua my d kim loi pht hin mnh kim loi nu cn st li.

D KIM LOI

BO QUN

T0 -200C

- Bo qun kho lnh c nhit T0 -200C. - Nhit ca kho lnh c kim tra thng xuyn bng biu t ghi. QC gim st 2 gi/1ln.
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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.4. Xc nh s v b tr mt bng

- Lp bn v chi tit s mt bng

- S h thng cp thot nc, hi, kh

36

37

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.5. Kim tra s b tr mt bng
Mc ch Thm tra tnh xc thc ca s v hiu chnh s cho ng vi thc t L do - Thit k trn giy nhiu khi khng hon ton ng vi thc t - m bo khng b st bt k cng on, v tr no Phng php - i kim tra dc theo s b tr mt bng t nht 2 ln, t nht 1 ln c sn xut - Khng b qua bt k bc no, ch ng i ca sn phm - Phng vn nhng ngi lin quan n sn xut (nu cn) - Hiu chnh s mt bng (nu cn)
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2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.6. Phn tch mi nguy Phn tch mi nguy l nh gi tt c cc mi nguy c lin quan n tng cng on trn dy chuyn sn xut

39

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy

Thnh phn / cng on Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot
Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt gy bnh hin hu. - Nhim vi sinh vt. - K sinh trng

ch bin

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

K

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

- Cc cng on x l ch bin sau v khi qua cng on kim tra KST s loi tr c.

im kim sot ti hn (C/K)

K

K C

TIP NHN NGUYN LIU RA 1

- C cn sng. Sn phm c nu chn trc khi n. - c kim sot bng SSOP. - Nguyn liu c kh nng c k sinh trng do b nhim trong qu trnh sng. - C c th nhim trong qu trnh nui

Ha hc: - D lng khng sinh cm (CAP, AOZ, MG/LMG). - Khng sinh hn ch s dng (Nhm Tetracyline, Fluoroquinolone) Lu : + Th trng Chu u: cho php tng En/Cip l 100 ppm. + Th trng M v Bc M: khng cho php En/Cip. - c t nm aflatoxin. - D lng cc thuc tr su gc cho hu c v kim loi nng (Pb, Hg, Cd). Vt l: Khng

- Khng nhn l nguyn liu c kt qu kim CAP, AOZ, MG/LMG dng tnh. - Ch nhn nhng l nguyn liu c cam kt ngng s dng khng sinh 4 tun trc khi thu hoch.

- Khng nhn l nguyn liu c kt qu kim En/Cip dng tnh.

C C - C c th b nhim t thc n. - C c th b nhim v tch t cc thuc tr su t ng rung v kim loi nng c trong mi trng. - Cam kt ca ch b c khng s dng thc n thi v mc. - Ch mua c t vng nui c NAFIQAVED kim sot t yu cu. C C

40

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot
Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

im kim sot ti hn (C/K)

Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt gy CT TIT bnh pht trin NGM Nhim vi sinh vt.
Ha hc: Khng Vt l: Khng FILLET RA 2 Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng.

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

K
K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP. - Kim sot tt bng SSOP.

Vt l: Khng.

41

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin LNG DA Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng.
Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

im kim sot ti hn (C/K)

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

Vt ly: Khng.
Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng.
42

CHNH HNH RA 3

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin
KIM PHN C, MU S B

Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot

Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng. Sinh hc: - K sinh trng.

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K) K

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

im kim sot ti hn (C/K)

- Kim sot tt bng GMP

- Kim sot tt bng SSOP

SOI K SINH TRNG

- C c KST do nhim - Kim tra k tng C trong qu trnh sng ming fillet khi qua bn soi v loi b nhng ming c KST.
- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

- Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng.

K K

43

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin
RA 4

Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot

Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng. Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: D lng P2O5 trong thuc. Vt l: Khng.

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K) K K

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

im Bin php phng kim nga no c th p sot dng khng ch ti mi nguy c ngha hn (ng k) (C/K)

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

X L PH GIA

Kim sot tt bng GMP

44

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng.
Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng im nga no c th p kim dng khng ch sot mi nguy c ngha ti hn (ng k) (C/K)

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

PHN C

Vt l: Khng.
Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. K K - Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

PHN MU

Vt l: Khng.

45

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng. Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ho hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng.
46

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

im Bin php phng kim nga no c th p sot dng khng ch ti mi nguy c ngha hn (ng k) (C/K)

CN RA 5

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

K
K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP

- Kim sot tt bng SSOP

XP KHUN

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Sinh hc: - Vi sinh vt pht trin. - Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng. Sinh hc: Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng. Vt l: Khng.
47

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

im kim sot ti hn (C/K)

K K

- Kim sot tt bng GMP - Kim sot tt bng SSOP

CH NG

Kim sot tt bng SSOP

CP NG

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Sinh hc: Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng Vt l: Khng M BNG Sinh hc: Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng Vt l: Khng Sinh hc: Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng Vt l: Khng
48

Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

im Bin php phng kim nga no c th p sot dng khng ch ti mi nguy c ngha hn (ng k) (C/K)

TCH KHUN

Kim sot tt bng SSOP

Kim sot tt bng SSOP

BAO GI

Kim sot tt bng SSOP

2.6. Phn tch mi nguy (tip)

Thnh phn / cng on ch bin Mi nguy tim n cn nhn bit hoc kim sot Vt l: Mnh kim loi t dng c sn xut ri vo
Mi nguy c ngha (ng k) v an ton (C/K)

Nhn xt phn tch nh gi cho quyt nh ct 3

Bin php phng nga no c th p dng khng ch mi nguy c ngha (ng k)

im kim sot ti hn (C/K) C

D KIM LOI

Mnh kim loi c Kim tra cht ch th cn st li qu trnh d kim trong sn phm loi. nu khng kim sot cht ch qu trnh d kim loi. Kim sot tt bng SSOP

BO QUN

Sinh hc: Nhim vi sinh vt. Ha hc: Khng Vt l: Khng

49

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.7. Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn Khi nim im kim sot ti hn - CCP im kim sot ti hn (CCP) l mt cng on sn xut ti cc bin php kim sot c thc hin ngn nga, loi tr hoc gim thiu mi nguy n mc chp nhn c. Ti mi CCP c th kim sot mt hoc nhiu mi nguy ng k Cc CCP khc nhau c th dng kim sot mt mi nguy ng k
50

Cu hi 1: Ti cng on ny hoc nhng cng on sau c bin php phng nga no i vi mi nguy nhn din khng?
Sa i cng on ch bin hoc quy trnh hoc sn phm C Cu hi 2: Cng on ny c c thit k c bit nhm loi tr hoc lm gim n mc chp nhn c kh nng xy ra mi nguy khng? C Khng Cu hi 3: Cc mi nguy nhn din c kh nng xy ra qu mc chp nhn c hoc gia tng n mc khng th chp nhn hay khng? C Cu hi 4: C cng on no sau cng on ny loi tr hoc lm gim mi nguy nhn din n mc chp nhn c hay khng? Khng CCP IM KIM SOT TI HN C DNG LI KHNG PHI CCP Khng Khng C

Vic kim sot ti cng on ny c cn thit i vi ATVS TP khng? Khng

51

2.7. Xc nh cc im kim sot ti hn (CCP)

Cng on/CCP Cu hi cy quyt nh Mi nguy ng k * Ha hc: - Khng sinh cm: (CAP, AOZ, MG). - Khng sinh hn ch s dng: Nhm Tetracycline, nhm Fluoroquinolone. - Thuc tr su gc Chlo hu c; Kim loi nng (Hg, Cd, Pb). - c t Aflatoxine * Sinh hc: - KST * Sinh hc: - KST * Vt l Mnh kim loi c th cn st trong sn phm CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 im CCP

C C

K K

C C

K K

CCP CCP

TIP NHN NGUYN LIU

C C C C

K K K C

C C C

K K C

CCP CCP KHNG CCP

SOI K SINH TRNG D KIM LOI

CCP
52

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.8. Thit lp cc gii hn ti hn
Gii hn ti hn l g?

Gii hn ti hn l mt gi tr hay ngng xc nh m mi bin php phng nga ti mt im kim sot ti hn phi tha mn
Gii hn ti hn l mc phn bit gia kh nng chp nhn c v khng th chp nhn Cc ngun thng tin tham kho - Kt qu th nghim

- Cc vn bn php l
- Cc thng tin ti liu nghin cu khoa hc - Cc chuyn gia - Kinh nghim ca nhn vin
53

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st
Gim st l g? Vic quan st, o m hoc cc php phn tch c h thng nhm m bo cho quy trnh, th tc ti mt im kim sot ti hn c thc hin theo k hoch HACCP Ti sao phi gim st ? - Thu thp d liu xem xt cc gii hn ti hn c b vt qu hay khng ? - Xc nh xu hng dao ng st ti gii hn ti hn c th hiu chnh qu trnh trc khi mt kim sot - Xc nh s mt kim sot a ra hnh ng sa cha kp thi - Rt ra quy lut hiu chnh cc gii hn ti hn - Cung cp bng chng v hot ng ca h thng kim sot (h s)
54

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st Ni dung th tc gim st - Ci g (What) ? - Bng cch no (How)? - Khi no (When)?

- Ai thc hin (Who)?

55

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st Gim st ci g? - Quan st xem bin php phng nga c c thc hin hay khng + Kim tra giy cam kt ca ngi cung cp nguyn liu + Quan st hn s dng ca ha cht, ph gia - o, phn tch mt s thuc tnh ca sn phm hoc qu trnh. + Thuc tnh ca qu trnh
Nhit v thi gian ca qu trnh ch bin Tc bng chuyn

+ Thuc tnh ca sn phm

nh gi mu, mi sn phm
56

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st Phng php gim st - Cn c thit k c kt qu nhanh VD: + o nhit , thi gian + Kim nghim cm quan - Dng c s dng gim st ph hp

VD:
+ Nhit k, ng h, cn + Dng c o chlorine
57

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st Tn sut gim st

Tn sut gim st phi m bo pht hin kp thi nhng vi phm gii hn ti hn

- Gim st lin tc VD: + Ghi nhit , thi gian t ng + S dng my d kim loi - Gim st khng lin tc VD: + Kim tra v ghi nhit nh k + Ly mu kim tra cm quan
58

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.9. Thit lp h thng gim st
Ai gim st? - Ngi c phn cng gim st: + Cng nhn trc tip sn xut + Cng nhn vn hnh thit b + Cn b gim st

+ Nhn vin bo tr
+ Cn b qun l cht lng - Ngi chu trch nhim gim st cn: + c o to k thut gim st

+ Hiu r tm quan trng ca vic gim st

+ C iu kin thc hin thun li + Bo co chnh xc tng hot ng gim st + Bo co ngay nhng vi phm gii hn ti hn
59

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.10. ra hnh ng sa cha
Hnh ng sa cha l g? Hnh ng sa cha l cc hnh ng c d kin phi thc hin khi gii hn ti hn b vi phm nhm khc phc hu qu v ngn nga s ti din ca vi phm Hai hp phn ca hnh ng sa cha - Sa cha v loi b nguyn nhn gy ra s c, a qu trnh tr v tm kim sot. - Nhn din v c lp sn phm c ch bin trong qu trnh xy ra s c, xc nh cch gii quyt nhng sn phm Cc vn cn xem xt khi thit k hnh ng sa cha - Xc nh s c - ra hnh ng sa cha g a sn phm/qu trnh tr v tm kim sot What? - Xc nh r hng x l hay v tr cui cng ca sn phm b sai st How? - Ai c trch nhim thc hin hnh ng sa cha Who? - Lp bin bn, lu tr h s 60

BC 1: C lp sn phm
+ Chuyn gia + Xt nghim (l, ha, vi sinh)

BC 2: C hin hu mi nguy v an ton khng?

Khng

Gii phng l hng

BC 3: C th ti ch hay phc hi s an ton?

Khng

Ti ch, phc hi

BC 4: Gii php cui cng

- Hy b, loi b - Chuyn sang dng sn phm khc
61

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.11. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra
Thm tra l g? Thm tra l p dng cc phng php, th tc, php th v cc cch nh gi khc nhm xem xt tnh hp l ca k hoch HACCP v xc nh s tun th theo k hoch HACCP trong thc t sn xut Mc ch thm tra

Nhm to lng tin rng k hoch HACCP l c c s khoa hc, ph hp kim sot cc mi nguy v ang c thc thi Cc hnh thc thm tra
- Thm tra ni b - Thm tra t bn ngoi: + C quan Nh nc c thm quyn + C quan chc nng ca nc nhp khu + T chc trung gian th ba c y quyn
62

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.11. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra
Nhng yu t lin quan n thm tra - Thm tra CCP + Hiu chnh thit b gim st + Ly mu v kim nghim c ch nh + Xem xt biu mu gim st CCP

- Thm tra h thng HCCP: nh gi thm nh Ai thc hin vic t thm tra k hoch HACCP?
- i HACCP - Chuyn gia HACCP

Tn sut t thm tra k hoch HACCP - Hng nm

- Khi c thay i ng k v sn phm hoc qu trnh - t xut

63

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.11. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra
Xem xt h s

- Hot ng gim st c tin hnh ti ng v tr

- Hot ng gim st c tin hnh ng tn sut - Hnh ng sa cha c thc thi bt c khi no vic gim st cho thy gii hn ti hn b vi phm - Trang thit b c kim tra v hiu chun ng vi tn sut Ly mu kim tra - Cc gii hn ti hn c thit lp l thch hp - Chng trnh HACCP ang hot ng hiu qu
64

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.11. Xc lp cc th tc thm tra Kim tra v hiu chun thit b - m bm thit b, dng c dng trong gim st v thm tra l chnh xc - Vic hiu chun c thc hin: + ng tn sut quy nh + ng quy trnh lp + C i chiu vi thit b o vt liu chun i chiu vi thc t - Vic m t sn phm v quy trnh cng ngh l chnh xc - Vic gim st ti cc CCP ang c thc thi - Mi hot ng nm trong tm kim sot - Vic ghi chp s liu l chnh xc v c thc hin ngay ti thi im quan st 65

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP 2.12. Thit lp th tc lu tr h s
Lu tr h s l g ? Lu tr h s l hnh ng t liu ha mi hot ng c thc hin trong k hoch HACP nhm m bo rng qu trnh thc hin k hoch HACCP c kim sot Nhng yu cu trong vic thit k h s biu mu - D s dng - ch in - C th kt hp (GMP + CCP) - Khi cn c th thay i

Cch ghi chp:

- Khng ty xa - Ghi cc thng tin trn biu mu theo ng tn sut
66

2. THIT LP H THNG QUN L CHT LNG THEO TIU CHUN HACCP

2.12. Thit lp th tc lu tr h s
Nhng yu cu trong vic lu tr h s - Mu biu v h s trng cn phi c chun ha - H s phi phn nh ng iu kin hot ng hin ti - Khng c hon thin h s trc khi bt u hoc kt thc mt hot ng - Khng c dng tr nh tin hnh ghi chp h s - H s phi chnh xc - Nhn vin phi nhn thc r trch nhim v vic lu tr h s - H s phi c lu tr lu hn thi hn s dng ca sn phm - Phi c bn ng k ch k hoc tn vit tt Cc loi h s cn phi lu tr nh mt phn ca h thng HACCP - K hoch HACCP v ti liu h tr xy dng k hoch HACCP - H s ghi chp vic gim st cc CCP - H s ghi chp v hnh ng sa cha - H s ghi chp v cc hot ng thm tra v iu chnh i vi h thng gim st - H s ghi chp v tnh cht, vic m ha v s dng sn phm (chng nhn ngun gc)
67

Bng 4: K hoch HACCP

CC P Mi nguy Gii hn ti hn Ci g Gim st Cch no Tn sut Ai Hnh ng sa cha H s Thm tra

TI P NH N NG UY N LI U

HA HC: - D lng thuc khng sinh cm (CAP, AOZ, v MG/LMG).

- D lng thuc khng sinh hn ch s dng: Nhm tetracyline, Nhm Fluoroquinolone

- Khng pht hin

- c t nm

- Thuc tr su v kim loi nng: Hg, Pb, Cd, As

- T cam kt khng s dng thuc khng sinh hn ch s dng 28 ngy trc khu thu hoch v phiu kt qu kim tra khng sinh cm 9CAP, AOZ, MG) cho mi l nguyn liu yu cu. - Cam kt ca khch hng khng s dng thc n thi,, mc cho c. - T khai xut x l nguyn liu, phi c ngun gc t cc vng nui c Nafiquaved kim sot t yu cu

- Kt qu kim CAP, AOZ v MG/LMG cho tng l nguyn liu. - Thng bo kt qu kim sot vng nui ca Nafiquaved

- Kim tra h s km theo mi l nguyn liu. - Cp nht kt qu kim CAP, AOZ v MG/LMG cho tng l nguyn liu.

- Cho mi l nguyn liu.

QC

- Khng nhn nhng l nguyn liu khng c y h s km theo. - Khng nhn nhng l c thu hoch trong vng b cm thu hoch ca c quan chc nng.

- H s tip nhn nguyn liu. - T cam kt v t khai xut x l nguyn liu.

- Xem xt tnh ph hp h s c lin quan.

- Cho mi l nguyn liu.

QC

- Xem xt ph duyt h s theo mi tun, c kim tra chng bng kim tra t xut cc chng t c lin quan.

- T cam kt v t khai xut x l nguyn liu. - T thng bo kt qu kim sot d lng ca c quan chc nng

- Cp nht thng bo ca Nafiquaved - Xem thng bo

- Cho mi l nguyn liu. - Cho mi l nguyn liu.

QC

QC

- Gi thng bo khn n khch hng ki l c c du hiu mt an ton - Khng nhn nguyn liu khi khng c t khai xut x hoc khi c khai thc trong cc vng c s khuyn co ca c quan chc nng.

- Ghi biu mu tip nhn nguyn liu. - Kt qu kim sot vng nui ca Nafiquav ed

- nh k hng nm Khu tip nhn nguyn liu, Phng QLCL ly mu nguyn liu thm tra cc ch tiu: K/S hn ch s dng, thuc tr su, kim loi nng 68 c t nm.

Bng 4: K hoch HACCP (tip)

CCP Mi nguy Gii hn ti hn Gim st Ci g Cch no Tn sut Ai Hnh ng sa cha H s Thm tra

SOI K SINH TRNG

SINH HC: - K sinh trng

- Khng cho php c k sinh trng trn sn phm

- K sinh trng

- Kim tra bng bn soi k sinh trng (s dng nh sng ca n soi)

- Lin tc tng ming c - Sau 30 pht thm tra

- Cng nhn c tay ngh

- QC

- Loi b ming c c k sinh trng

- Khi kim thm tra c k sinh trng cho c lp l hng v tin hnh kim tra li ton b l hng trc 30 pht

- H s gim st tn sut

- Xem xt h s t nht tun/ln

- i trng hoc i ph HACCP thm tra

69

Bng 4: K hoch HACCP (tip)

CCP Mi nguy Gii hn ti hn Ci g VT L: - Mnh kim loi Cch no - My d kim loi Gim st Tn sut Ai Hnh ng sa cha H s Thm tra

D KIM LOI

- Khng c mnh kim loi trong thnh phm (Fe 1,0mm; non-Fe 2,0mm).

- S hin din ca mnh kim loi trong thnh phm

- Mi n v thnh phm

- Cng nhn vn hnh my

- Kh nng nhn bit kim loi trong mu th

- Mu th kim loi qua my d kim loi

- Trc khi d, sau mi 30 pht trong qu trnh d v khi kt thc l hng

- QC

- Trng hp my pht hin mnh kim loi cn st trong sn phm: + C lp sn phm, ti ch + Xc nh ngun gc kim loi trong sn phm - Trng hp my d kim loi b h: Xc nh thi im my h, c lp l sn phm d kim loi trong khong thi gian t khi my h n khi pht hin s c, d li l hng sau khi sa my

- Bo co gim st d kim loi

- Xem xt h s tun/l n v i chiu h s vi thc t khi cn thit

70

THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!

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