K KSCL THI I HC NM HC 2012-2013 LN 1

HNG DN CHM MN: TON; KHI B

I. LU CHUNG:
- Hng dn chm ch trnh by mt cch gii vi nhng c bn phi c. Khi chm bi hc sinh lm theo
cch khc nu ng v th vn cho im ti a.
- im ton bi tnh n 0,25 v khng lm trn.
- Vi bi hnh hc nu th sinh khng v hnh phn no th khng cho im tng ng vi phn .
II. P N:

Cu Ni dung trnh by im
I 1 1,0 im
TX: D = .
Gii hn: lim ; lim ;
x x
y y
+
= + =
SBT.
2
' 12 3 y x = + ;
1
' 0
2
y x = =
0.25
BBT:

0.25
Hm s ng bin trn
1 1
;
2 2
| |

|
\
, nghch bin trn cc khong
1
;
2
| |

|
\
v
1
;
2
| |
+
|
\

Hm s t cc i ti
1
2
x = , 1
CD
y = , Hm s t cc tiu ti
1
2
x = , 1
CT
y = .
0.25

th:
24 , 0 0 y x y x = = = . th hm s c
im un O(0; 0).
th hm s nhn im O(0;0) lm tm i
xng.
0.25
2 1,0 im































S nghim ca phng trnh bng s giao im ca th (C) vi ng thng
3
4 3 y m m = + .
T th suy ra phng trnh c 3 nghim phn bit
3
1 3 4 1 m m < <
0.5
x +
y
y
1
2

1
2

0
0
+
+
1
1
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( )( )
( ) ( )
2
3
3 2
1 1
1 2 1 0
4 3 1 0
1
2
4 3 1 0
1 2 1 0
1
2
m
m m
m m
m
m m
m m
m

< <

+ < <



+ >
+ >

0.5
II 1 1,0 im
Ta c:
sin .sin 4 2 2 cos 3 cos .sin 4
6
x x x x x
| |
=
|
\
( )
sin 4 sin 3cos 2 2 cos
6
x x x x
| |
+ =
|
\

0.25
( )
sin 4 sin sin cos cos 2 cos sin 4 2 cos 0
6 6 6 6
x x x x x x
| | | | | |
+ = =
| | |
\ \ \
0.25





cos 0
6
sin 4 2 0
x
x
| |
=
|
\

( )
2
cos 0 ;
6 3
x x k k

| |
= = +
|
\

Vy phng trnh c nghim ( )
2
;
3
x k k

= + Z
0.5
2 1,0 im
k
0
0
x y
x y

( ) ( )
2
3 2 2 3
6 9 4 0 4 0
2
2
x x y xy y x y x y
x y x y
x y x y

+ = =

+ + =
+ + =

( )
4
2
x y
x y
x y x y
=

+ + =

0.25
Vi x y = , thay vo phng trnh ( ) ta c: 2 x y = = 0.25
Vi 4 x y = , thay vo phng trnh ( ) ta c:
32 8 15
8 2 15
x
y

0.25


Vy h phng trnh cho c nghim: ( ) 2; 2 v
( )
32 8 15;8 2 15 0.25
III 1,0 im

3 3
0 0
cos 1 1 cos
lim lim .3
3
x x
x x
e x e x
x x x

| |
= +
|
\
0.5

2
3
2
0
sin
1
2
lim .3 . 1.3 1.0 3.
3 2
4
x
x
x
e x
x x

| |
|

= + = + = |
|
|
\




0.5
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IV 1,0 im



Xt SAB v SAC c AB AC = ; SA chung

0
90 A =
SAB SAC SB SC SBC = = l tam gic cn
p dng nh l ng cao trong cc tam gic SAB v SAC ta c:
2 2 2 2
. 2 . 2
= ;
5 5
AB AS a AC AS a
AM AN
AB AS AC AS
= = =
+ +

0.25
p dng nh l Pytago:
2 2
4
5
a
SM SA AM = = ;
2 2
4
5
a
SN SA AN = =
0.25
Ta c cc t s:
.
.
4 16
5 25
S AMN
S ABC
V SM SN
SB SC V
= = =
0.25







































3
. .
16 8 3
25 75
S AMN S ABC
a
V V = =
3 3 3
. .
3 8 3 3 3
6 75 50
ABCNM S ABC S AMN
a a a
V V V = = = (vtt)
0.25
V 1,0 im

Ta c ( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
2 x y z x y z xy yz zx + + = + + + + +
2 2 2
9
2 2
x y z
xy yz zx
+ +
+ + = .
Vy nn
( )
2 2 2
3 9
2 2
A x y z = + +
0.25
Khng mt tnh tng qut, gi s: [ ] 3 3 1 1; 2 x y z x y z x x x = + +
Li c: ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) 3 3 2 6 9 y z y z x x y z x x x x + + = + + + = +
0.25
Xt [ ]
2
3
( ) 2 6 9, 1; 2 '( ) 4 6, '( ) 0
2
f x x x x f x x f x x = + = = =
3 9
(1) 5; (2) 5;
2 2
f f f
| |
= = =
|
\

0.25

Suy ra
2 2 2
5 x y z + + , ng thc xy ra khi
1
2 2
1
0
0
3
x
x x
y
yz
z
x y z
x y z
=

= =

=
=

=
+ + =

Vy
ax
3
m
A = khi 2, 1, 0 x y z = = = hoc cc hon v ca chng.
0.25
VI.a 1 1,0 im




V C khng thuc
1 2
; d d nn gi s A thuc
1 2
; d d
Phng trnh BC:
1
: 3 2 0 BC d BC x y c + = ; 10 C BC c =
: 3 2 10 0 BC x y + =
0.25
N
M
C
B A
S
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Phng trnh cnh AC: im
1 2
A d d = ta im A l nghim ca h:
( )
2 3 12 0
3; 2
2 3 0
x y
A
x y
+ =

+ =

. Phng trnh cnh AC:

3 2
3 7 5 0
4 3 1 2
x y
x y
+
= + =
+

0.25
Phng trnh cnh AB: Gi M l trung im BC khi
2
M d BC = , suy ra ta im
M l nghim ca h: ( )
3 2 10 0
6; 4
2 3 0
x y
M
x y
+ =

+ =

.
Ta im B c xc nh bi:
2 8
2 7
B C M B
B C M B
x x x x
y y y y
+ = =

+ = =


0.25

Phng trnh cnh AB:
8 7
9 11 5 0
3 8 2 7
x y
x y
+
= + + =
+

Vy phng trnh 3 cnh ca ABC l:
: 9 11 5 0; : 3 2 10 0; : 3 7 5 0 AB x y BC x y CA x y + + = + = + =
0.25
2 1,0 im

Xt ( ) ; I a b l tm v R l bn knh ng trn (C). Do ( ) 6 10 1 I a b = +
ng trn (C) tip xc vi
( )
( )
1 2
3 4 5
2
5
;
4 3 5
3
5
a b
R
d d
a b
R
+ +
=

0.25
T (1); (2); (3) suy ra ( ) ( ) 3 6 10 4 5 4 6 10 3 5 b b b b + + + = +
0
22 35 21 35
70
22 35 21 35
43
b
b b
b b b
=
+ = +

+ = =

0.25
T (1) suy ra
10
10
43
a
a
=

v
7
7
43
R
R
=

0.25


















Vy c hai ng trn tha mn:
( ) ( )
2
2
1
: 10 49 C x y + = ;
( )
2 2
2
10 70 49
:
43 43 1849
C x y
| | | |
+ + =
| |
\ \

0.25
VII.a 1,0 im

T h thc cho suy ra 6 n .
( )
( ) ( )
6 2
4
4 ! !
454 454
2! 6 ! 2 !
n
n n
n n
C nA n
n n

+ = + =


0.25
3 2
2 9 888 0 8. n n n n = =
0.25
Vi 8 n = ,
( ) ( ) ( )
8
8 8
8
8
3 1 3 24 4
8 8
0 0
2
2 2 1
k k
k
k k k k
k k
x C x x C x
x

= =
| |
= =
|
\

0.25

H s ca x
4
tng ng vi 24 4 4 5 k k = = .
Vy h s ca x
4
l ( )
8 5
5 5
8
2 1 1792 C

= .
0.25
VI.b 1,0 im

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Ly
1 2
; A A theo th t l im i xng ca A
qua ;
B C
d d
1 2
; A A BC .
Vy phng trnh ng thng
1 2
A A cng
chnh l phng trnh cnh .BC

0.25
Xc nh
1
A :
Gi
1
d l ng thng i qua A v
1 B
d d
1
: 2 3 0 d x y + =
Gi ( )
1
1;1
B
E d d E = . V E l trung im ca
1
A A ( )
1
0;3 A
0.25
Xc nh
2
A : Gi
2
d l ng thng i qua A v
2 C
d d
2
: 3 0 d x y =
Gi ( )
2
0; 3
C
F d d F = . V F l trung im ca ( )
2 2
2; 5 A A A
0.25

Vy phng trnh cnh BC : 4 3 0 x y + = . 0.25
2 1,0 im

Gi E l trung im MN ta c E(2;-1). Gi l ng trung trc ca MN.
Suy ra c phng trnh ( ) 2 3 1 0 3 5 0. x y x y + = =
Gi I l tm ng trn i qua M, N th I nm trn .
0.25
Gi s ( ) 3 5; I t t + .
Ta c ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2
4 2
, 3 4 2
2
t
IM d I d t t
+
= + + =

0.25
2
2 12 18 0 3 t t t + + = = . T suy ra ( ) 4; 3 I , bn knh R = IM=5 2 . 0.25


















Phng trnh ng trn ( ) ( )
2 2
4 3 50 x y + + + = . 0.25
VII.b 1,0 im

Gi abcd l s c 4 ch s khc nhau i mt ly t cc ch s trn v chia ht cho 5.
Nu d = 0 th abc c
3
6
120 A = cch chn.
0.25
Nu d = 5 th a c 5 cch chn
b c 5 cch chn v c c 4 cch chn suy ra c 100 s.
Vy G c tt c 220 s.
0.25
Gi s abcd G v 4000 abcd .
Khi a = 1, 2, 3 nn a c 3 cch chn.
d c 2 cch chn
bc c
2
5
20 A = cch chn
Vy nn c 120 s ly t G nh hn 4000.
0.25

Xc sut l P =
120 6
220 11
= . 0.25

-------------Ht-----------

F
E
A
2
A
1
C
B
A
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