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B CNG THNG TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM Tp.

HCM KHOA CNG NGH C KH


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MN HC: BM QUT MY NN CHUYN : BM PISTON-ROTOR


GVHD: L THANH HNG SVTH: NHM 9 TRNG B TRNG L THI DNG PHM THANH HIN

Tp.HCM, Ngy 29 thng 05 nm 2012

Nhm 9

Khi nim chung v bm piston-rotor

Bm piston-rotor l loi bm th tch mi ra i v bt u s dng nhiu vo nhng nm 1925-1935. c im: - To c p sut cao vi lu lng khng ln lm. - C kh nng thay i lu lng 1 cch d dng. - p sut khng ph thuc vo lu lng v s vng quay. - Hiu sut tng i cao. - Phm vi iu chnh ln. - S vng quay lm vic tng i ln. Phn loi: gm 2 loi: Bm piston-rotor hng knh v bm piston-rotor hng trc
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I . BM PISTON-ROTO HNG KNH

1. Cu to Gm 2 phn : -Phn c nh( stato ) : l lp v ca my hnh tr trn v c t c nh . -Phn roto l mt khi tr trn, trn thn c cc xilanh v piston c t phn b iu vi mt gc cho trc. Phn roto ny c t lch tm vi stato mt khong l e

Cu to
A : bng ht B : bng y a : l ht b : l y e : khong lch tm 1 : roto 2 : stato 3 : piston xilanh 4 : trc phn phi

2. Nguyn l lm vic .
Qu trnh ht c thc hin khi cc piston chuyn ng hng ra khi tm roto cht lng s c ht vo bng ht A nh vo l ht a. Khi piston b thnh stato p chuyn ng hng v tm th cht lng b nn vo bng y B v c y ra ngoi thng qua l y b , nh vy thc hin xong qu trnh y ca bm.

3. Cc thng s ca bm. a. Vn tc chuyn ng tng i ca piston trong xilanh


-Phng trnh chuyn ng ca piston : X=r+eR m vy Ta bin i gc v ta c :

v gc

, t hnh

Cc thng s ca bm

Ta thay vo biu thc R , ta c

Thay R vo phng trnh X

Cc thng s ca bm
Rt ngn li

Vy vn tc tng i ca piston trong xilanh

Vn tc chuyn ng tng i ca piston trong xilanh

rt b nn c th b qua , vy vn tc

Nh vy vn tc chuyn ng ca piston lun thay i trong qu trnh roto quay v c gi tr ln nht l :

Vn tc ca u piston theo vnh stato

b. Lu lng ca bm .
Lu lng ca bm piston - roto ph thuc vo kch thc xilanh , s xilanh v s vng quay ca roto.

- Lu lng trung bnh


Trong : d ng knh ng y e khong lch tm gia stato v roto Z s lng piston n s vng quay ca roto -Lu lng tc thi

C l gc gia hai trc piston lin nhau i l s trc

Lu lng ca bm .

Ta thy lu lng tc thi ca bm thay i theo gc quay ca roto


-Cch iu chnh lu lng ca bm : iu chnh lu lng ca bm piston roto ngi ta dng cch thay i lch tm e . e = 0 th Q = 0 e = emax th Q = Qmax Vy lu lng ca my ng vi lch tm e l :

c. Mmen quay
T hnh v ta i thit lp cng thc tnh momen quay

p : p sut trong xilanh P : p lc tc dng ln piston Phn tch lc N thnh 2 thnh phn: - N1 : c phng song song trc piston - T : c phng vung gc vi trc piston cn gi l lc vng Khi : N1 = P

Mmen quay
Thay vo phng trnh T , ta c : Vy lc vng T thay i theo gc quay

Mmen quay to nn bi lc vng T tc dng ln mt piston l : M = T.R

Thay T v R vo phng trnh mmen , ta c: Mmen quay ca roto bng tng mmen ca cc piston c trong bng y khi bm lm vic

Mmen quay

Ta nhn thy : - Mmen quay thay i theo gc quay a mt cch c cu k - Mmen quay dao ng cng t khi Z cng ln - M t l thun vi lch tm e

II.Bm piston-rotor hng trc


1 Cu to: Bm piston-roto hng truc co the chia lam 2 loai: Bm piston-roto hng truc co a nghieng.

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

- Truyn ng bng cacng

1 rotor 2 Piston

3 C cu cacng 4 Rnh ht v y

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

- Truyn ng dng mt phng nghing

1 rotor 2 Piston

3 Mt phng nghing
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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

- Truyn ng dng mt phng nghing v l xo

1 rotor 2 Piston

3 Mt phng nghing 4 L xo

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Bm pistonroto hng truc co roto bo tr nghieng.

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

2. Nguyn l lm vic: Cc l xilanh phn b u trn rotor song song vi nhau theo hng trc rotor. Piston trong xilanh lun c y t 1 u vo a c nh t nghing bng cc l xo t trong xilanh. Khi rotor quay cc piston quay theo. V 1 u piston lun t vo a nghing nn cc piston cng ng thi chuyn ng tnh tin tng i vi xilanh.Cc l xilanh mt cui rotor c lp st vi 1 np c nh. Bn trong np ny c 2 rnh hnh vng cung c ngn cch nhau bi g, 2 rnh ny thng vi 2 l dn cht lng ra vo. Khi rotor quay ngc kim ng h th ta c bng ht A, bng y B.

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

3 Cc thng s lm vic:
- Lu lng l thuyt:

n Qlt .S .z. 4 60
Qlt lu lng l thuyt, dm /s; z- s piston; d- ng knh piston, dm ; n s vng quay ca rotor, vg/ph; S qung chy ca piston, dm;
3

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc


- Qung chy ca piston: S=D.tg D ng knh vng trn i qua trc cc piston (dm). gc gia mt nghing so vi phng thng ng. - Nu gc nghing = 0 th S=0 v Qlt=0. + iu chnh iu chnh Qlt. + Nu gc nm bn tri ng thng ng th s i chiu ht v y ca bm.

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc

- Lu lng thc t ca bm:


n Qlt .S .z. .Q 4 60

Q : h s hiu sut lu lng ca bm

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc


Cc ng c tnh ca bm
Q - hiu sut lu lng; m - hiu sut ma st; - hiu sut chung; Qlt - lu lng thc t; Qtt - lu lng thc t; Ntt - cng sut thc t;
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Bm piston-rotor hng trc


- i vi ng c tnh c nht nh (H2O) th hiu sut chung v lu lng thc t gim mnh khi tng p lc ca bm. Cng sut thc t cp cho bm li tng nhanh. - i vi ng c tnh c nht ln (du m) th hiu sut chung v lu lng thc t gim t khi tng p lc ca bm. Cng sut thc t cp cho bm li tng t.

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Bm piston-rotor hng trc


u im:
- Cc bng ht v y c iu kin b tr ring bit trn a phn phi, nn c th ch to vi kch thc ln m khng lm tng kch thc chung ca my. - Cho php nng cao s vng quay tng lu lng. - Momen qun tnh tng i nh. - Hiu sut lu lng cao Q =0,96 0,98. Do vy hiu sut chung cao =0,95

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