API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 1.

Two methods of quantifying the remaining thickness of tank bottoms are mentioned in API 653. One method uses the formula involving MRT. What is the name of the other method? Probabilistic and Deterministic 2. What is the maximum out-of-plumbness allowed from the top of the shell to the bottom of the shell on a 48 high tank? 5.00 3. Due to strength requirements, the minimum thickness of an annular plate ring is usually greater than: 0.100 4. The joint between the new material of an insert plate and the old material of the existing tank shell plate shall be: Butt welded 5. A pressure test at least 1.5 times the __________ shall be performed on a nozzle installed by hot tapping after the valve has been installed on it and prior to mounting the hot tap machine. Hydrostatic head 6. Cone roof storage tanks may be as large as ______ feet in diameter. 300 7. The simplest type of floating roof is the: Pan 8. An oxygen deficient atmosphere exists when a tank atmosphere has less than what percent oxygen by volume? 19.5% 9. Lead-in-Air analyzers must be designed to measure _______ Lead-in-Air concentrations. Organic 10. Entry into a confined space is considered to have occurred as soon as: A part of the entrants body breaks the plane of an opening into the space. 11. When repairs involve most of the tank bottom, it may be desirable to displace the flammable liquids beneath the tank by: Water flooding 12. Tank surfaces that have been in contact with leaded gasoline should be scraped down to bare metal. On each side of a line that might be heated excessively by welding or other operations, an area of at least ______ should be scraped down to bare metal. 12 13. What is the axis of a weld? A line through the center of the weld, parallel with the sides of the weld 14. In monitoring the density limitations of radiographs, either a ________ or step wedge comparison film shall be used for judging film density. Densitometer 15. During tank roof evaluations, roof plates corroded to an average thickness of less than ______ in any 100 square inch area shall be repaired or replaced. 0.09

API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 16. API 653 covers minimum requirements for maintaining the integrity of above ground storage tanks. After placed in service 17. In the evaluation of fixed roofs for continued service, particular attention must be given to: The possibility of internal corrosion of pipe columns 18. In determining the lowest average thickness t avg (or t1) over a length of L of a tank shell plate, the inspector shall use at least _______ equally spaced measurements over the length of L. Five 19. To determine if a tank is suitable for continued operation, t1 shall be greater than or equal to t min subject to verification of all intended loadings and the value of t2 shall be greater than or equal to what percent of t min? 60% 20. Tanks with diameters greater than ______ feet shall be analyzed for acceptable shell plate thickness using the variable design point method in API 650. 200 21. In evaluating tank shell corrosion/pitting, widely scattered pits may be ignored provided that pits meet API 653 depth acceptability criteria and the length of each pitted area does not exceed __ inches in an examined length of __ inches. 2,8 22. Atmospheric pressure when used to describe the design pressure of a tank refers to internal pressure up to but not exceeding: 2.5 pounds per in2 gage. 23. If a tank shell has a thickness no greater than _____, the risk of failure due to brittle fracture is minimal, provided that an evaluation for suitability of service per section 2 of API 653 has been performed. 0.500 24. All tanks shall be given a visual external inspection by an inspector qualified in accordance with API 653 at least every _____ years or RCA / 4N years, whichever is less. 5 25. Where concrete ringwalls are provided under the shell, the top of the ring shall be level within _____ in any 30 feet of the circumference measured from the average elevation. Plus or minus 1/8 26. If a tank is designed to have a leak detection and containment system, the minimum thickness of the bottom plates at the next inspection can be: 0.05 27. The maximum vertical and horizontal dimension of a lapped patch repair plate is _____ inches and _____ inches respectively. 48,72 28. When gouging or grinding welds to remove defects, cavities often result. These cavities must be examined visually and by: MT or PT

API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 29. Completed welds of stress relieved assemblies of shell penetrations shall be examined by visual and magnetic particle or liquid Penetrant methods: After stress relief and before hydrostatic test 30. Corrosion that occurs when two metals with different compositions (thus different electrolyte potentials) are connected in an electrolyte (usually oil) is called: Galvanic corrosion 31. What are two systems of cathodic protection normally used for corrosion control? Galvanic and impressed current 32. When calculating the critical length L and determining the least minimum thickness t2 of an area of a tank shell, the critical length cannot be more than: 40 33. The simplest type of atmospheric storage tank is the: Cone roof 34. Corrosion on the underside of tank bottoms that rest on pads or on the soil cannot be inspected readily from the outside. If it becomes necessary to make an external inspection of the bottom located near the edge of the tank, the following method can be used when the tank is out of service. Tunneling method 35. During an external inspection of an in-service aboveground storage tank, crevices associated with structural steel ladders, stair treads, and platforms plates, etc., where water can collect, should be closely checked by: Picking with a scraper or knife 36. Tank bottoms should be checked thoroughly for thickness over its entire area. UT measurements are usually the first choice. If an UT instrument is not available, what other alternate non-destructive method could be used for quickly checking the condition of the bottom? Hammer testing 37. The internal tank shell should be inspected for corrosion. Two likely corrosion areas are the: Vapor space and liquid level line. 38. Two of the best tools for visually inspecting inside a tank for cracks is a: Strong light and a magnifying glass 39. If evidence of cracking is found during the internal inspection of a tank, a thorough investigation should be made using: MT, PT, or RT or UT shear wave testing 40. _______ is an electrode of an electrochemical cell where oxidation (corrosion) occurs. An anode 41. _______ is an electrode of an electrochemical cell at which a reduction reaction occurs. A cathode 42. Radiographs for an evaluated, repaired, or reconstructed tank shall be retained for: 1 year
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API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 43. In regard to installation of primary and secondary seals, if the roof rim thickness is less than _____ inch thick, it shall be replaced. 0.10 44. If it is necessary to replace a roof rim, the new roof rim shall be a min. thickness of: 3/16 45. The min. thickness of new roof plates shall be: 3/16 plus any corrosion allowance. 46. Rim-mounted primary and toroidal seal systems can be removed, repaired, or replaced. To minimize evaporation losses and reduce potential hazards to workers, no more than: 1/4 of the roof seal system should be out of an in-service tank at one time. 47. In the event roof live loads exceed 25 pounds per square foot (loads caused by insulation, vacuum on the tank, snow loads), the plate thickness shall be: Based on analysis using proper allowable stresses 48. Where tank foundations true to a horizontal plane are specified and concrete ringwalls are not provided, the tolerances are as follows: The foundation under the shell shall be level with plus or minus 1/8 in any 10 of circumference and within plus or minus in the total circumference measured from the average elevation. 49. When a tank is reconstructed, the weldability of the steel shall be: Verified 50. When a tank is reconstructed, the welder or welding operators identification mark shall be hand or machine stamped adjacent to and at intervals along the completed weld not exceeding: 3 along completed welds 51. In lieu of stamping complete welds: A record may be kept that identifies the welder or welding operator employed for each welded joint 52. The ____________ do not require welder identification. Roof plate welds and flange-to-nozzle-neck welds 53. What type of tank settlement can often be predicted in advance, with sufficient accuracy from soil tests? Uniform settlement 54. What type of tank settlement does not induce stresses in the tank structure? It does cause problems with piping and other attachments to the tank from outside. Uniform settlement 55. What type of tank settlement generally rotates the tank in a tilted plane? Rigid body tilting 56. What type of tilt of a tank will cause an increase in the liquid level and, therefore, an increase in the hoop stress in the tank shell? It also can cause binding of seals on floating roofs. Rigid body tilting

API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 57. What type of tank settlement is characterized by settlement of a tank at different rates at different locations? This results in non-planar configurations which induces additional stresses in a tank shell. Out-of-plane settlement 58. What type of tank settlement leads to a lack of circularity at the top of the tank, and may induce improper functioning of the floating roof? Also, flat spots may develop on the tank shell. Differential settlement 59. What allowable stress is used for API 653 eval. of riveted tank shell thickness? 21000 psi 60. The selection of a lapped patch repair plate thickness to reinforce areas of deteriorated shell plates or to repair small shell leaks shall be based upon design that conforms to the applicable standard of construction and API 653, using a joint efficiency not exceeding: 0.35 61. The minimum dimension of a lapped patch repair plate is: 6 62. When calculating the maximum allowable hydrostatic test stress for a new tank shell, the: Gross plate thk., Including any corrosion allowance, shall be used in the calculation. 63. When the service of an aboveground storage tank is changed: The effects of normal and emergency venting shall be considered. 64. The thickness to be used for each shell course when checking the design for a reconstructed and relocated tank shall be based on measurements taken within _____ days prior to relocation. 180 65. Which of the listed is not considered a major repair or major alteration of a storage tank? Installation of a NPS 1 connection on the shell 66. Measurements to verify the dimensional tolerances of a reconstructed aboveground storage tank shall be taken: Before the hydrostatic test of the tank 67. The most common stray current and the potentially most damaging to aboveground storage tank bottoms is: Direct current 68. An example of galvanic reaction that could lead to corrosion is: When a SS or copper material is connected to a CS tank 69. Current, in galvanic corrosion, is considered to flow: From the more active metal (anode) to the less active metal (cathode) 70. Electric current takes the path of _____ resistance. Least 71. A cushion of new _______ may provide many of the same advantages as a concrete cushion for reducing corrosion and eliminating the need for cathodic protection. Asphalt
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API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 72. The projection of the bottom plate beyond the outside toe of the shell-to-bottom weld shall be at least _____ inch. 0.3750 73. Corrosive soil beneath a high resistivity foundation material (for example concrete or asphalt that has cracked) may contaminate the foundation fill by: Capillary action 74. In certain cases when considering protecting a tank bottom, internal cathodic protection in conjunction with a _____ may be applicable. Lining 75. If large particle sizes are used in the cushion beneath a tank bottom, differential aeration ______ may result at points where the large particles or debris contact the bottom. Corrosion 76. The major reason for inspecting an aboveground storage tank for deterioration due to corrosion is to: Determine the physical condition of the tank; find & measure the extent of corrosion. 77. Tank-to-soil potential measurements are typically taken with: The current applied 78. A lapped patch is rectangular in shape (8 x 12). The lapped patch is to be located midpoint of a third shell course plate. What minimum radius (if required) should the corners be? 2 radius 79. What is generally considered the normal service life of a properly selected and applied internal tank bottom lining? 10-20 years 80. A thin film tank bottom lining is considered to be ____ mils or less. 20 81. A thick film tank bottom lining is considered to be greater than ____ mils. 20 82. Define forced-curing of an internal tank lining. It is the acceleration of curing by increasing the temperature above ambient, accompanied by forced air circulation. 83. Define holiday in relation to a tank internal lining. A holiday is a discontinuity in a coating film that exposes the metal surface to the environment. 84. Generally, thin-film linings may be applied to: New tanks and to bottoms of storage tanks that have experienced minimal corrosion. 85. If caustic is stored in an aboveground storage tank, what would be the most likely problem found and where? Caustic embrittlement resulting in cracks in welds and HAZs around connections for internal heating units or coils.

API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 86. When checking for pits, bulges, and depressions during an internal inspection of the shell and bottom of a tank using a flashlight, the flashlight beam gives best results when held: Parallel and close to the surface to be inspected. 87. Abrasive blasting prior to installation of an internal tank lining should not be performed if the temperature of the steel surface is less than ____ above the dew point. 5F 88. In actual thickness determination of corroded areas, according to API 653 what two thickness measurements are the same? t 1 and t avg 89. Prior to determining the need for cathodic protection of an aboveground storage tank: A full evaluation of tank history is advised. 90. A butt-weld constructed aboveground atmospheric storage tank with a bottom shell course that measured 1 thick when it was originally built was inspected 10 years after it was put in service. A general thickness of 0.87 was measured on the bottom course during the inspection. What is the corrosion rate? 0.013 per year 91. Lapped patch repair plates are an acceptable form of repair for butt-welded, lapwelded, and riveted tank shells, but only when: Specified by the tank owner 92. A successfully operating cathodic protection system can usually be determined by measuring the minimum voltage across the structure-electrolyte interface relative to a saturated copper-copper sulfate reference electrode. This measurement should be a minimum of how many volts? -0.85 volts 93. A deep anode ground-bed uses impressed current anodes installed in a vertical hole typically: 50 or more 94. What type of weld is usually considered the preferred means for connecting the negative rectifier lead wire to the structure to be protected? A powder weld connection-cadweld, thermite, or equivalent 95. The minimum height of tank liquid above the hot tap location shall be at least _____ feet during the hot tapping operation. Three 96. Records related to the effectiveness of cathodic protection should be retained for a period of _____ years unless a shorter period is specifically allowed by regulation. 5 97. Cathodic protection surveys are recommended to ensure effectiveness every: 12 months 98. A tank has a thickness of 0.83 inch on its bottom course. The minimum thickness of the bottom course is 0.75 inch. What is the remaining life of the tank if its rate is 0.007 inch per year? 11.43 years
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API 653 EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS (CLOSED BOOK) 99. A lapped repair plate may cross any butt-welded vertical or horizontal shell seam that has been ground flush. How much overlap beyond the seam is required? 6 100. External leaks on aboveground storage tank shells are often marked by a: Discoloration or the absence of paint in the area below the leak