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GOLDING - LORD OF THE FLIES - Psychoanalytic approach The theory of psychoanalysis, primarily identified with Freud can be applied to the literature in the same way as Freud studied dreams and tried to understand human behavior. Psychoanalytic views the subject not as a unique essence, but as the result of a combination of psychic, sexual and linguistic mechanism. Feud made that the literary work can be seen like the unconscious, does not speak directly, but indirectly through metaphor, image and symbol. This type of criticism deals with literary characters as if they were living human beings and tries to find their unconscious motivation by analyzing the language they use and specific Freudian imagery. The psychoanalytic approach understands us from the point of view of our unconscious and early childhood experiences. Freuds psychoanalysis suggests that our behavior is influenced by ID, EGO, SUPEREGO. The mind is a complicated system. Psychoanalytic approach adopts the method of reading employed by Freud. It is important to find a key to decode the text. In Lord of The Flies Golding presents the conflicting personalities of the key characters, representing the elements of Freuds concept. The ID is the part of the psyche that consists of natural instincts and primitive urges. It controls the destructive and an aggressive tendency of toward everything interferes with gaining pleasure. Jack Merridew is the character whose actions are driven by ID. Throughout the novel, Jack seems to forget all aspects of his former civilization and he goes deeper and deeper into barbarism. All starts with hunting a pig for necessity of meat and after that hunting becomes a savage rituals of blood. ID having no morals shown through Jack by the things he does to get what he wants. He wants to lead and kill even animal or human. The ID desires dont make any future plan. Jack and his tribe of savages wears little clothing, pointing their faces. Jack is the representation of passion and according to psychologist passion has got a division of thoughts and feelings. The representation of Superego is Ralph. Superego is a constant battle with ID and instinctual urges. It is the control of moral responses. So, Jack and Ralph are always in war. The superego inhabits impulses that antisocial action and thoughts. From the beginning Ralph tries to have the approval of all the boys on the island, this is like form of democracy, civilized society. He also tries to have a civilized behavior. Ralph wants to achieve a civilized society because the civilization is human creation. He has correct manners morality and sense of justice. Piggy is the representation of Ego. Ego has the abilities to calculate and plan. Piggy is the most intelligent boy on the island, coming with ideas of inventions and logic. The ego is responsible for controlling the IDs emotional impulse. The ego takes desires of the Id, filters them through Superego and comes up with an action that satisfied both. Simon represents the conscious. The Id, Ego and Superego are always clashing. The opposite extremes Id, superego are mediated by Ego (Piggy). Alone these

subconscious components results in chaos, but together these three form the perfect human being. So, Lord of the Flies easily can be analyze through psychoanalytic approach.