PHN I: CC LNH THNG DNG TRONG GII TCH

I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP.H CH MINH
KHOA KHOA HC NG DNG
B MN TON NG DNG
--------*-------




TI BI TP LN
MN GII TCH 1







TP HCM, Thng 12/2012



I. YU CU CHUNG
1. Sinh vin lm vic theo nhm, mi nhm gm t 5-10 sinh vin. S lng c th theo yu cu ca ging
vin. C nhm trng cho mi nhm.
2. Chng trnh chy c theo yu cu ra.
3. Lc bo co: Ging vin gi ngu nhin cc sinh vin ln chy chng trnh v hi thm.
4. Mi nhm ch cn lm chung 1 bn bo co.
5. Yu cu bn bo co: gm trang ba, c s l thuyt, code chng trnh, cc v d v kt qu ca chng
trnh, nhn xt cc trng hp gii quyt v cha gii quyt c.
6. nh gi v thang im: trnh by bn bo co ng theo yu cu (1 im), thc hin cc cu lnh c
bn (4 im), thc hin chy ng on code chng trnh phn lp trnh. (5 im)

















Trang ba mu bo co bi tp ln.



























I HC QUC GIA THNH PH H CH MINH
TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP.H CH MINH
KHOA KHOA HC NG DNG
B MN TON NG DNG
--------*-------

BO CO BI TP LN
TI S:_____

GVHD: _________________

Khoa: ________
Lp : _________
Nhm: ________
Nhm sinh vin thc hin:
H v tn MSSV





Tp. HCM, thng __nm___
II. CC LNH C BN

CU LNH M T V D
GII HN-O HM-TCH PHN
limit( , , 0) f x
0
lim ( )
x
f x

syms x;limit(sin(x)/x,x,0)
ans =1
lim( , ) f a hoc lim( , , ) f x a
lim ( )
x a
f x

syms x;limit(exp(x),x,2)
ans =exp(2)
lim( , , , ' ') f x a left
lim ( )
x a
f x

syms x; limit(abs(x-1)/(x-1),x,1,'left')
ans =-1
lim( , , , ' ') f x a right
lim ( )
x a
f x
+

syms x; limit(abs(x-1)/(x-1),x,1,'right')
ans =1
diff ( ), diff ( , ) f f x
( )
df
f x
dx
' = (bin
mc nh l x)
syms x; diff(x^2+2)
ans =2*x
diff ( , , ) f x n , diff ( , ) f n
( )
( )
n
n
n
d f
f x
dx
=
syms x;diff(exp(x^2+1),4)
ans =
12*exp(x^2 + 1) + 48*x^2*exp(x^2 + 1) +
16*x^4*exp(x^2 + 1)
( ) int f ( ) int , f x ( ) f x dx
}

syms x; int(exp(x+1))
ans =exp(x + 1)
( ) int , , f a b ,
( ) int , , , f x a b ( )
b
a
f x dx
}

syms x;int(1/(x^2-5*x+6),0,1)
ans =log(4/3)
rsums(f,a,b), rsums(f,[a,b])
Tng Riemman ca
f trn [a, b], xut
dng bar (th)
syms x; rsums(x^2-2*x+3,1,2)
taylor(f,n)
( )
( )
1
0
0
!
k
n
k
k
f
x
k

(kt Maclaurin n
cp n-1)
syms x; taylor(exp(x)*log(1+x),5)
ans = x^3/3 + x^2/2 + x
taylor(f,n,x
0
)
(kt Taylor n cp
n-1)
( )
( )
( )
1
0
0
0
!
k
n
k
k
f x
x x
k

syms x; taylor(exp(x+1),5,1)
ans =
exp(2) + exp(2)*(x - 1) + (exp(2)*(x -
1)^2)/2 + (exp(2)*(x - 1)^3)/6 +
(exp(2)*(x - 1)^4)/24
factorial(N)
Tnh giai tha: N!
N=5;factorial(N)
ans = 120
compose(f,g) f(g(x))
syms x;f=x^2;g=exp(x);compose(f,g)
ans =exp(2*x)

finverse(f)
Tm hm ngc ca
f
syms x;finverse(exp(x))
ans =log(x)
TNH TON TRN BIU THC
subs(f,x,a), subs(f,x,a) ( ) ( ) f x f a
syms x;f=x^2+1;subs(f,x,2)
ans = 5
Simplify Rt gn biu thc
syms x; simplify(sin(x)^2 + cos(x)^2)
ans = 1
Simple
Vit biu thc dng
ngn nht.
syms x;simple((x + 1)*x*(x - 1));
ans= x^3 - x
pretty(f)
Biu din f theo
dng vit tay
syms x;pretty((x^3-x));
3
x - x
solve(f(x)) Gii pt f(x) = 0
syms x;solve(x^2-1)
ans =
1
-1
input(Thngbo)
Nhp d liu s t
bn phm vi thng
bo nm trong .

input(Thngbo,s)
Nhp chui t bn
phm.

disp(string),disp(x)
Xut chui hoc gi
tr ra mn hnh.

strfind(S,s)
Tm chui con s
trong chuiln S,
kt qu l th t ca
phn t u tin
trong chui con.
S, s lccchuikt.
strcmp(S1,S2)
So snh hai chui
(ging hay khc
nhau)

char(x)
Chuyn bin x sang
dng chui (string)
X l mt symbolic (!)
num2str(a)
Chuyn s a sang
dng chui (string)
a l mt gi tr bng s
V TH
ezplot(x(t),y(t),[t1,t2])
V ng cong
tham s vi t chy
trn [t1,t2]
syms t;x=t;y=t^2;ezplot(x,y,[0,2])
ezplot(f,[a,b])
V th hm f vi
bin chy trn [a, b].
syms x;ezplot(x^2+1,[0,2])
polar(phi,r)
V ng cong
trong ta cc
t = 0:.01:2*pi;
polar(t,sin(2*t).*cos(2*t),'--r')
set(gca,xtick,[x
1
,x
2
])
nh cc gi tr t
trn Ox

set(gca,ytick,[y
1
,y
2
])
nh cc gi tr t
trn Oy

xlabe(str), ylabel(str),
zlabel(str)
Gn tn cho cc trc
Ox, Oy, Oz
Str l chui k t
title(string) Gn tn cho hnh
Legend
Gn tn cho tng
th trn hnh.

III. CC LNH H TR LP TRNH
A. CC HM TON HC
sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), asin(x), acos(x), atan(x), sinh(x), cosh(x)
abs(x): trtuytihocmodunca x.
sqrt(x): cnbc 2 ca x.
exp(x): e
x

log(x): ln(x)
log10(x): log
10
(x)
a^x: a
x


B. CU TRC IU KIN
1. Cu trc if
a. If iu kin
Nhm lnh
end
b. if iu kin
Nhm lnh 1
else
Nhm lnh 2
end
c. if iu kin 1
Nhm lnh 1
elseif iu kin 2
Nhm lnh 2
else
Nhm lnh 3
end
2. Cu trc switch case (p dng khi c nhiu iu kin tng ng vi nhiu nhm lnh khc nhau)
TRNG HP = dy k t hoc dy s (TRNG HP=[TH1 TH2 TH3])
switchTRNG HP
case TH1
nhmlnh 1
case TH2
nhmlnh 2
case TH3
nhmlnh 3
.
otherwise
nhmlnh n
end
V D
Giiphngtrnhbc 2:
2
0 ax bx c + + = dngcutrcif
a=input(nhap a:);
b=input(nhap b:);
c=input(nhap c:);
delta =b^2-4*a*c;
ifdelta >0
disp(Phuong trinh co 2
nghiemthucphanbiet:);
x1=(-b+sqrt(delta))/(2*a)
x2=(-b-sqrt(delta))/(2*a)
elseifdelta==0
disp(Phuong trinh co
nghiemkep:);
x= -b/(2*a)
else%truong hop nay la delta < 0
disp(Phuong trinh co
nghiemphuc:);
x1=(-b+i*sqrt(-delta))/(2*a)
x2=(-b-i*sqrt(-delta))/(2*a)
end





Giiphngtrnhbc 2:
2
0 ax bx c + + =
dngcutrcswitch case
a=input(nhap a:);
b=input(nhap b:);
c=input(nhap c:);
delta =b^2-4*a*c;
ifdelta >0choice =1
elseif delta==0 choice=2
else choice=3
end
switchchoice
case 1
disp(Phuong trinh co 2
nghiemthucphanbiet:);
x1=(-b+sqrt(delta))/(2*a)
x2=(-b-sqrt(delta))/(2*a)
case2
disp(Phuong trinh co
nghiemkep:);
x= -b/(2*a)
case3
disp(Phuong trinh co
nghiemphuc:);
x1=(-b+i*sqrt(-delta))/(2*a)
x2=(-b-i*sqrt(-delta))/(2*a)
end
IV. TI PHN LP TRNH
1. ti 1.
a. Vit chng trnh kim tra xem a, b, c (c nhp t bn phm) c l 3 cnh ca 1 tam gic hay
khng? Nu c xut ra cc gc, din tch, bn knh ng trn ni tip, ngoi tip, cc ng cao ca
tam gic ny.
b. Cho
( )
( )
( )
P x
f x
Q x
= , vi P(x) l a thc bc 2, Q(x) l a thc bc 1 c nhp t bn phm. Vit
chng trnh tm cc tr, tim cn v v th ca f(x) vi ghi ch y , im cc tr v cc ng
tim cn trn th.
2. ti 2.
a. Nhp 2 hm f(x) v g(x) v on [a, b] t bn phm. Vit chng trnh tnh din tch ca min D c
gii hn bi 2 ng cong y=f(x), y=g(x) v 2 ng thng x=a, x=b. V th minh ha min D.
b. Cho dy s a
n
tha a
1
=1, a
2
=2, a
3
=3 v
2 1
1
. 1
, 3
n n
n
n
a a
a n
a

+
+
= > . Vit chng trnh tnh a
n
vi n3
l s t nhin c nhp t bn phm.
3. ti 3.
a. Nhp 2 hm f(x) v g(x) c th ct nhau ti 2 im. Vit chng trnh tnh din tch ca min D
c gii hn bi 2 ng cong y=f(x), y=g(x). V th minh ha min D.
b. Nhp 2 hm s f(x) v g(x) t bn phm. Tm cc hm ( )( ), f g x v ( )( ) g f x . V th cc hm thu
c.
4. ti 4.
a. Nhp vo 1 hm v cng b f(x) khi
0
x x . Vit chng trnh tm bc ca v cng b.
b. Nhp t bn phm 2 hm s g(x) v ( )( ), f g x s a bt k nhp t bn phm. Vit chng trnh tnh
gi tr f(a). V d tm f(1/2) nu
4 2
2
( )( )
1
x x
f g x
x
+
=
+
v
2
( ) 1 g x x = .
5. ti 5.
a. Nhp vo 2 hm s f(x) v g(x) ct nhau ti 2 im v nm v 1 pha so vi trc Ox. Vit chng trnh
tnh th tch vt th to ra khi cho min D gii hn bi 2 ng cong y=f(x) v y=g(x) quay quanh trc
Ox.
b. Trong mt phng xOy nhp 3 nh A, B, C t bn phm. Kim tra xem 3 nh ny c nm trn 1 ng
trn no khng? Nu c hy vit chng trnh xut ra phng trnh ng trn i qua 3 nh A, B,
C. V ng trn v 3 nh A, B, C.
6. ti 6.
a. Nhp hm s f(x) v 1 hng s a t bn phm. Vit chng trnh kho st s hi t ca tch phn suy
rng loi 1 ( )
a
f x dx
+
}
. Nu tch phn hi t hy tnh din tch min S gii hn bi y=f(x), trc honh
v ng thng x=a. V th minh ha min S.
b. Nhp vo 2 hm x=x(t), y=y(t) t bn phm. Vit chng trnh tm tim cn ca hm y=f(x). V th
minh ha ng cong y=y(x) trn ch r cc ng tim cn.
7. ti 7.
a. Cho phn thc hu t dng:
( )
( )
P x
Q x
. Vi
1
2
0
( ) ( )( ) ( ),
s
Q x x a x b ax bx c
A<
= + + .Vit chng trnh
thc hin cc yu cu sau:
- Nu deg(P)>=deg(Q) th chia nhn c a thc bc t b hn bc mu.
- Tch phn s ra thnh tng cc phn s ti gin:
1
1
1
2
....
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
s
s
B
B A Cx D
x a x b
ax bx c x b
+
+ + +

+ +

b. Cho hm tham s:
( )
( )
x x t
y y t
=

. Tnh o hm cp cao ca hm tham s trn. Input:

Nhp x(t), y(t) v cp tnh o hm. Ouput: o hm cp cao.

8. ti 8.
a. Cho hm y=f(x) lin tc. Tm GTLN-GTNN ca hm trn on [a,b]. Input: Hm y=f(x), a, b. Ouput:
GTNN-GTLN, th hm f(x) v cc im GTLN, GTNN.
b. S dng ng dng tch phn tnh din tch tam gic c 3 nh A, B, C.
Input: Ta 3 nh A,B,C. Output: Kim tra 3 nh c to thnh tam gic khng. Cng thc tnh din tch
bng tch phn v gi tr.
9. ti 9.
a. Cho hm f(x) v im
0
x . Vit phng trnh ng tip tuyn ca ( ) f x ti
0
x . V th f(x) v ng
tip tuyn ny.
b. Cho hm s y=f(x). Tm tim cn xin, ngang ca hm s.
10. ti 10.
Cho hm s:

1 0
2 1 0
3 1
( ),
( ) ( ),
( ),
f x x x
f x f x x x x
f x x x
>

= s s

<

a. Input: gi tr a. Cho xut ra gi tr ca f(x) ti a.
b. Kho st tnh lin tc ca f(x), kho st o hm ca f(x) v xut ra gi tr o hm ti im a nhp t bn
phm. V th hm f(x) v ngha hnh hc ca o hm ti a.



C. CU TRC VNG LP (s dung khi nhm lnh c lp li nhiu ln)
1. Vng lp for (s dng khi bit s ln lp ti a)
fori=m:k:n
Nhmlnh
end
ilbinm, btuitmnn, klbcnhycai. Nukhngc k, bcnhymcnhl1. Nuk < 0, i
lit m v n (trnghpny m<=n).
2. Vnglpwhile (sdngtrongmitrnghp)
whileiukinlp
Nhmlnh
end


Script M-file Function M-file
Khngsdngthamsuvohoc
ura
Cthchpnhnthamsuvovtr
thamsura.
Hotngtrndliuca
workspace
Ccbintrongthnhmmcnhlc
cb.
Thngdngtngthchinm
tchuithaotccnthitthcthin
hiuln.
ctcdngmrngngnng
MATLAB chongdngcabn.
VD: giiptbc 2 dngFuntion
function X=ptbac2(a,b,c)
%ptbac2(a,b,c) giaiphuongtrinhbachai ax^2+bx+c=0.
ifnargin<3 error('Nhapthieudoi so a hoac b hoac c');end
if a==0&& b==0 error('Phuong trinhcua ban nhapsai');
elseif a==0 X=-c/b;
else
delta=b^2-4*a*c;
if delta>0
X(1)=(-b+sym(sqrt(delta)))/(2*a);
X(2)=(-b-sym(sqrt(delta)))/(2*a);
elseif delta==0
X=-b/(2*a);
else
X(1)=(-b+i*sym(sqrt(-delta)))/(2*a);
X(2)=(-b-i*sym(sqrt(-delta)))/(2*a);
end
end
end