N IN T CNG SUT II

B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

LI M U
in t cng sut l mt mn hc c xem l rt quan trng ca chuyn ngnh in in t. Ngy nay in t cng sut ng vai tr rt quan trng trong sn xut v i sng con ngi. N c ng dng rng ri trong hu ht cc ngnh cng nghip hin i : truyn ng in, giao thng ng st, nu luyn thp, gia nhit cm ng, in phn nhm t qung, cc qu trnh in phn trong cng nghip ho cht thit b cng nghip, dn dng. tm hiu v mn hc ny, sau y nhm 8 em xin c gii thiu mt ti nh rt hu dng trong cuc sng B Nghch Lu Mt Pha Dng IC CD4047 ti c chia lm 4 phn chnh : 1. Tm hiu v c s l thuyt. 2. Gii thiu linh kin trong mch. 3. S v nguyn l lm vic 4. V mch v thi cng mch in, kho st thc t. ti tuy hon thnh nhng cng khng trnh khi nhiu sai st, mong c s ng gp kin ca thy Chng em xin chn thnh cm n !!! TP. HCM Ngy 15 thng 05 nm 2012 Nhm Sinh Vin Thc Hin: L Cng T Nguyn Vn Hi Lm Ti Cng V Minh Tm

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B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

B NGHCH LU INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

I. C S L THUYT. Trong thc t chng ta c hai dng in nng: dng in mt chiu v dng in xoay chiu. Dng in xoay chiu c ng dng rt rng trong sn xut, sinh hot, tuy nhin dng in mt chiu cng c vai tr khng km phn quan trng. N cung cp in nng vn hnh cc van in tcc thit b in t.Ngi ta thng to ra dng mt chiu t xoay chiuNu mt in th sao nh?, chc chn cuc sng ca chng ta s kh khn rt nhiu.Cu hi t ra l:chng ta s lm g khi khng c in xoay chiu, lm th no chng ta to ra n?. C rt nhiu cch to ra dng xoay chiu : s dng my pht chy bng du hay sc gi, s dng tm nng lng mt tri Ngy nay, trong cng nghip, sinh hot ngi ta to ra dng xoay chiu t dng mt chiu.

Nguyn l nghch lu :

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1.1 Khi Ngun.

Ngun mt chiu DC, c th ly t acquy hay cc b chnh lu. Thi gian s dng ph thuc vo dung lng lu tr ca acquy, cng sut P=U*I. n ny ta s dng ngun DC t b chnh lu khng iu khin 1 pha, vi I=3A, U=12VDC. Vy cng sut ca mch l P=UI=36W.

1.2 Khi Dao ng

Nhim v ca khi to sng dao ng a vo khi cng sut vi tn s in cng nghip. Sng y thng l hai dng chnh: hnh Sin hoc xung vung. Thng th khi cng sut tr khng u vo rt nh nn trn thc t chng ta cn mt khi khuch i m lm nhim v n nh khi pht xung dao ng, gim tr khng u vo cho tng cng sut.

1.3 Khi Cng Sut.

T dng sng nhn c t khi pht, khi cng sut s khch i a n bin p to in p xoay chiu. Thng th khi ny s dng cc linh kin cng sut nh Thysistor, transistor chu dng ln y ta s dng MOSFET IRF 540. khi cng sut hot ng tt ta cn h thng tn nhit lm mt.

1.4 Bin p
S dng bin p cch ly mt pha 12V-220V/ 3A. B phn ny quyt nh ti vic to ra tn hiu xoay chiu, quyt nh cng sut ton mch. N c t s vng dy cun th cp ln hn cun s cp. Cng sut ca mch c tnh Pmax =UI Vi I l dng in bin p chu c. U l hiu in th t vo cun s cp.

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II. CC LINH KIN S DNG

2.1IC CD4047
CD4047 l IC to xung vung h CMOS, in p lm vic c th ln n 20VDC. y l IC gm 14 chn c ng gi dng dip 100T. in p hot ng trong khong t 0.5VDC 20VDC. Nhit lm vic t -65oC n +150oC v c th chu nhit +260oC trong 10s. Chc nng cc chn : Chn 1 : u vo t C Chn 2 : u vo in tr R Chn 3 : u vo R-C to dao ng vi tn s nh sn Chn 4 : trng thi bn Chn 5 : trng thi khng bn Chn 6 : chn kch khi m Chn 7 : ngun m Chn 8 : chn kch khi dng Chn 9 : reset Chn 10 : u ra xung vung bn k dng Chn 11 : u ra xung vung bn k m Chn 12 : kch khi li Chn 13 : u ra OSC Chn 14 : ngun dng Tn s ca xung vung c tnh theo cng thc: F = S khi bn trong IC CD4047

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-Hot ng ca IC nh sau:
Hot ng ca chn astable c php khi t u vo chn 5 mc cao hoc mc thp ca chn 4 hoc ca 2 chn. rng ca xung vung ca Q v l hm ca u vo ph thuc vo R C Chn 5 astable cho php mch lm b to dao ng a hi qua cng 5. rng xung chn 13 bng 1/2 u ra Q trong ch astable. Trong ch n nh n khi c sn dng u vo +trigger(8) khi chn trigger(6) mc thp cc xung u vo c th thuc bt k thi im no tng ng vi xung u ra. -Chn 12 cho php kch m tr li khi n l xung dng. -c im ca vi mch nh sau: -Cng sut tiu th thp -Hot ng trng thi n l ch khng n nh - Cc u ra n nh mc cc th b b xung ch yu cu mt tn hiu duy nht ngoi R hoc C cc u vo c im kim tra tnh in p 20V c chun ho c tnh , c tnh u ra chun v i xng.
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 N IN T CNG SUT II

B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

2.2 MOSFET IRF 540

L Mosfet knh N c 3 chn c ng gi dng T0220 Peak Diode Recovery: Gii hn tc tng in p trn diot mc gia cc Drain v Souce, khi qu gi tr ny van s hng. S d c thng s ny l v trong van tn ti cc gi tr in dung v in cm k sinh. Khi c bin thin in p ,cc yu t ny s tng tc, to ra mt sc in ng ln ph hng cc lp tip gip trong van. Continuous Drain Current dng in mt chiu lin tc ln nht chy qua mosfet, gii hn bi tn hao dn , thng cho 25C v 100C. Gate-to-Source Voltage: in p iu khin gia cc Gate v Souce, thng ln nht l 20V,thc t hay t khong 10V,khi mosfet hot ng xy ra hin tng in p iu khin b tng cao do nh hng ca in dung k sinh gia cc Drain v Gate,khi tnh ton nu thy in p ny tng cao cn thm mt diode zener mc gia cc Gate v Souce. Operating Junction and Storage Temperature Range: gii hn nhit ca lp tip gip,thng l -55 n +175C. Qu thang nhit ny van s hng. Total Gate Charge: in tch tng cng ca cc t in k sinh trn cc Gate ti mt gi tr Uk nht nh, thng cho 10V, y chnh l in tch m mch iu khin(gate driver) phi np hoc x cho cc t ny trong qu trnh ng hay m van.Bi vy m mch iu khin i khi cn c gi l Gate charge.
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 N IN T CNG SUT II

B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

Rise Time v Fall Time: thi gian chuyn mch ca van tng ng t trng thi kho sang trng thi dn v ngc li , c trnh by trong gin di y.y l thng s quyt nh n tn hao chuyn mch , l thng s quan trng khi nh gi cht lng ca van, khi tnh ton mch iu khin th Rise Time v Fall Time ca xung iu khin phi b hn cc thng s ny ca van.

2.3 My Bin p.

-Bin p cch ly 220VAC12VAC/3A -Dng bin i in p thnh in p chun 220V ra ti s dng. -Vi bin p 3A ny ta c ng ra vi cng sut s l 36W.

2.4 T in in Tr
-in tr 820 ( hn dng ra cho LED. - in tr 330 ( : hn dng vo cc chn 4 5 6 14 ca IC CD4047 - 2 in tr 220 ( ) : hn dng cho Mosfet IRF 540 -in tr 390K ( ) v bin tr 100 K (V ) : nh tn s xung ra IC 4047 -T 2200 ( )/ 25V :lc nhiu ngun 1 chiu vo nghch lu. -T 0.01 cng in tr v bin tr xc nh tn s cho IC CD4047. - Vi gi tr trong mch ta c tn s xung ra ca IC t 46 HZ ti 58HZ
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 N IN T CNG SUT II

B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

2.5 Cc Thit B Khc

Gm n LED, cng tc on/off, dy dn, domino,diot,bin tr

III. S NGUYN L, PHN TCH MCH 3.1 S Nguyn L

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B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

3.2 Phn Tch Mch IC CD4047 ng vai tr chnh trong mch ny. IC ny c nui bng ngun 12V cung cp vo chn 14. Qua IC ny to ra c 2 xung dng c gi tr ngc nhau ti 2 chn u ra Q v Q o.Cp RC c tc dng to dao ng vi tn s : F = ta c th thay i tn s u ra ca xung iu khin bng cch iu chnh gi tr ca bin tr Sau 2 xung ny c a vo mosfet IRF540. trnh dng vo ln t IC4047 ta thm vo in tr 220 mi cng Q v . ung ny c tc dng kch m IEF540

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T hnh minh ho ta thy c 2 dng in ngc chiu nhau chy qua cun dy s cp ca bin. Nh vy ta to ra c dng in xoay chiu. Xung u ra chn 10 v 11 ca IC 4047 m bo ch c 1 chn mc cao v lc chn kia mc thp, v vy m bo 2 mosfet IRF540 s ng m lun phin theo tn s ra ca IC 4047

MCH NGUN V MCH HON THIN

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Dng Sng Thc T

KT LUN Mch inverter s dng IC CD4047 v Mosfet IRF540 nh trnh by trn l mt dng mch n gin, d dng thi cng lp t. Mch c cng sut nh khong 36W v dng sng ra ch l dng xung vung. V vy khng thch hp cho cc ti ng c. Vi mch ny, nhm 8 dng cho ti bng n, vi tn s ra c tinh chnh nh bin tr VR1. Vi mch thc t ca nhm, khi khng ti, mch cho ra ngun in vi in p gn 240VAC. Khi lp n vo c th thp sng.

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B INVERTER DNG IC CD4047

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