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Mt hng cnh tranh hon ho c hm tng chi ph la TC=Q2+Q+169 trong Q l
sn lng sn phm con TC o bng $
a. Hy cho bit FC,VC,AVC,ATC,v MC
b. Nu gi th trng l 55$,hy xc nh li nhun ti a hng c th thu c
c. Xc nh sn lng ha vn ca hng
d. Khi no hng phi ng c sn xut
e. Xc nh ng cung ca hng
f. Gi s chnh ph nh thu 5$/n v sp th iu g s xy ra?
g. Khi mc gi trn th trng l 30$ th hng c tip tc sn xut ko v sn lng l
bao nhiu?
a.
FC = TCq=0 = 169
VC = TC FC = Q2 + Q
AVC = TC/Q = Q + 1 + 169/Q
MC = (TC) = 2Q + 1
b. Khi P = 55 $
DDK ti a ho li nhun P = MC
55 = 2Q + 1
=> Q = 27
Li nhun ti a:
TR TC = 55*27 (272 + 27 + 169) = 560
c. Hng ho vn khi P = ATC min
ATC = Q + 1 +169/Q
ATCmin (ATC) = 0
Q = 13
d. Hng ng ca sn xut khi: P = AVCmin
AVC = Q + 1 => AVCmin = 1
Vy khi P = 1 hng ng ca sn xut
e. ng cung ca hng l ng MC bt du t im P > AVCmin
P = 2Q + 1 (vi P > 1)
f. Nu Chnh Ph anh thu 5$/n v sn phm khi :
TC = Q2+ Q + 169 + 5Q = Q2 + 6Q + 169
MC = 2Q + 6
AVCmin = 6, hng ng ca sn xut khi P = 6
ng cung ca hng P = 2Q + 6
g. Khi mc gi trn th trng P = 30 $
ATCmin = 27, ta thy ATCmin > P
hng tip tc sn xut
Sn lng khi : Q = 14.5
Mt bi gii khc: xin cc bn cho kin
a/ FC:chi ph c nh, l chi ph khi Q= 0, FC = 169
=2Q+4 (USD)
a, Vit phng trnh biu din chi ph bin v xc nh mc gi m doanh nghip
phi ng ca sn xut.
b, Khi P= 24 USD th doanh nghip b l 150 USD. Tm mc gi v sn lng ha
vn.
c, Doanh nghip sn xut bao nhiu sn phm ti a ha li nhun nu gi bn
P= 84 USD
Tnh Q ti u? li nhun max?
a, Theo ra ta c:AVC=2Q+4 suy ra MC=VC'(Q)=TC'(Q)
vi VC=AVC*Q=2Q^2+4Q ==> MC=4Q+4
Mt khc y l th trng cnh tranh hon ho nn Ps=4Q+4 (Q>0)
Doanh nghip ng ca sn xut khi P=AVCmin vi AVCmin=4 ==> P=4
b, Khi P=24 doanh nghip thua l 150 do ta s thy l :TR-TC=-150
==> 24*Q-(2Q^2+4Q)-FC=-150 ==>FC=20Q-2Q^2+150 (1)
M khi p=24 th Q=(24-4)/4=5 thay vo 1 ta c FC=200
Nh vy th TC=VC+FC= 2Q^2+4Q+200 (2)
=>ATC=2Q+4+200/Q
Khi doanh nghip ha vn th P=ATCmin
vi ATCmin <=> ATC'=0 <=> 2-(200/Q^2) =0 =>Q=10
Thay vo Ps ta c: P= (4*10)+4=44
c, Vi gi P=84 th doanh nghip ti a ha li nhun khi P*=MC
=> 84=4Q+4=> Q*=20
TPmax= 20*84- 2*20^2+4*20+200=1680-1080=600
1doanh nghip c hm s cu :P= 16-Q+24/Q ;
v TC = 43+4Q
a. Hy vit hm s chi ph bin, doanh thu, chi ph bin, chi ph bin i, li nhun
b. Hy xc nh sn lng, tng doanh thu, tng li nhun, gi th trng trong cc
trng hp :
+ Khi DN theo ui mc tiu ti a ha li nhun
+ Khi DN theo ui mc tiu ti a ha s lng bn vi iu kin khng l
+ Khi DN theo ui mc tiu ti a ha doanh thu khng km theo iu kin rng
buc
+ Khi DN theo ui mc tiu tng li nhun =16
+ Khi DN theo ui mc tiu t li nhun nh mc trn chi ph bnh qun 20%
a/ MC=(TC)'=4
TR=P*Q=Q*(16-Q+24/Q)
=16Q-Q^2+24
Khi Q=0 th FC=TC=43
=> VC=TC-FC=4Q
LN=TR-TC=12Q-Q^2-19
b/
+. LN max <=> MC=MR => 4=16-2Q => Q=6,P=14 => TR=84, TC=67, LN=17
+. LN>=0 <=> 12Q-Q^2-19>=0 => 1,8<Q<10,1 => Q=10 =>P=8.4 ,TR=84 ,LN=1
TR max <=> TR'=0 =>16-2Q=0 =>Q=8,P=11,TR=88,LN=13
b/ Ta c TR=P*Q=1240Q-2Q^2
=> MR=TR'=1240-4Q
ti a ha li nhun <=> MC=MR <=>1240-4Q=6Q+340 =>Q=90
=>P=1060 =>LN=TR-TC=14500
c/ H s Lener : L=(P-MC)/P=(1060-880)/1060=0.17
=> Quyn lc c quyn ca doanh nghip thp
d/ Nu th trng l cnh tranh hon ho th MR=P
=> ti a ha li nhun <=> MC=P <=> 1240-2Q=6Q+340 =>Q=112.5 =>P=1015
e/ Nu Chnh Ph t gi trn P=980 th XN s SX lng sn phm Q=107 trong khi
lng cu l Q=130 => lng thiu ht =23
Hm cung v hm cu ca loi bnh AFC trn th trng nm 2007 nh sau
hm cung : Qs = 12P - 15
hm cu : Qd = -8P + 45
(Q : ngn hp, P : ngn ng / hp)
a/ Gi v sn lng cn bnng trn trng ca bnh AFC nm 2007 l bao nhiu ?
b/ Do nhu loi bnh mi xut hin trn th trng, cu v bnh AFC nam 2008
gim 10%. hy tnh tc ng ca vic gim cu ny i vi gi v sn lng bnh
AFC u nam 2008 ?
c/ Tnh co gin ca cung v cu bnh AFC theo gi ti im cn bng nm 2007
v 2008 ?
a/ Th trng cn bng <=> Qs=Qd => 12P -15= - 8P + 45 => P = 3 => Q = 21
b/Do c tc ng nn lng cu gim 10% =>Qd* = 90%Qd = -7.2P + 40.5
=>Khi th trng cn bng th gi v lng sn phm u nm 2008 : Qd* = Qs =>
-7.2P + 40.5 = 12P -15
=> P = 2.9 => Q = 19.7
c/ Nm 2007
Ti im cn bng: Ed = Qd'*P/Q = - 8*3/21 = -1.143
Es = Qs' * P/Q = 12*3/21 = 1.174
Nm 2008
Ti im cn bng: Ed = (Qd*)' *P/Q = -7.2*2.9/19.7 = -1.06
Es = Qs'*P/Q = 12*2.9/19.7 = 1.766
Hm cung v cu th trng ca sn phm X c cho nh sau
Qd = -2P + 100
Qs = 2P - 20
(P: ngn ng/ sn phm, Q : ngn sn phm)
a/ Xc nh gi v sn lng cn bng trn th trng. Tnh thng d tiu dng,
thng d sn xut v tng thng d x hi
b/ Nu chnh ph nh gi trn cho sn phm X l 25. Hy tnh lng thiu ht
c/ Nu chnh ph nh gi cho sn phm X l 35. tnh lng d tha
d/ Nu chnh ph nh thu 5 ngn ng / sp. hy tnh gi v sn lng cn bng
trn th trng, khon thu trn mi sn phm m ngi tiu dng v ngi sn
xut phi chu, khon thu m nh nc thu c
a/ Ti im cn bng th:
Ps=Pd => 100-Q=10+Q =>Q=45 ,P=55
b/ Thng d tiu dng; CS=1/2*45*(100-55)=1012.5
Thng d sn xut: PS=1/2*45*(55-10)=1012.5
c/ Nu chnh ph n nh mc gi l P=50 th lng cu l Qd=60 trong khi lng
cung l Qs=40 => thiu ht
d/ Nu chnh ph nh thu 10$/1sp th nh sn xut s ng bn sn phm vi mc gi
Ps'= 20+Qs
=> im cn bng mi Pd=Ps' =>20+Q=100-Q
=> Q=40,P=60
mt hng canh tranh hon ho c AVC=3Q+4
a, xc inh cung sn phm ca hng
b,nu gi bn l 55 th hng l l 120 hy xc inh gi v sn lng ha vn ca
hng khi chi ph c nh ca hng l bao nhiu?
c, nu gi bn ca th trng l 60 hy xc inh mc sn lng ti a ha li nhun
ca hng.khi doanh thu v li nhun ca hng l bao nhiu?
d, hy xc nh thng d sn xut ti im ti a ha li nhun?
a/ Ta c: VC=AVC*Q=3Q^2+4Q => MC=VC'=6Q+4
Do y l th trng cnh tranh hon ho nn ng cung ngn hn ca hng chnh l
ng chi ph cn bin nm pha trn AVC min
hay P= 6Qs +4 (vi Q>=0)
b/ TC=VC+FC=3Q^2 +4Q +FC
Khi P=55 =MR (Do cnh tranh hon ho)=> Q=8.5
=> TR=P*Q=55Q,TC=250.75+FC
Ta li c TR-TC=-120 => 467.5-250.75-FC=-120 => FC=336.75
=> TC=3Q^2+4Q+336.75 => ATC=3Q+4+336.75/Q >= 67.5
Ti im ha vn P=ATCmin=67.5
c/ Nu P=60 =>MR=60
ti a ha li nhun th MC=MR =>Q=28/3=9.3
=>TR=560,LN=-75.4
d/ Ti a ha li nhun trong cu ny ng vi P=? vy hay l dng P cu trn
1 doanh nghip c quyn mua vi biu cu:
P 50 40 30 20 10
Q 5 10 15 20 25
T cho s liu hp l hm AE?
Xc nh sn lng doanh nghip ti a ha li nhun?
Xc nh Ps (thng d sn xut) m ngi bn b mt?
Chnh ph nn quy nh gi no ti a ha tng thng d?
1.hm AE chnh l hm cung ca doanh nghip c quyn mua .bn ch cn cho hm
h s gc dng l c.
hm cu ca doanh nghip c quyn mua tnh c l P=60-2Q.m hm cu ca doanh
MR=MC<=>Q*=3500/3,P*=19,TR=66500/3,TP=17500/3
b>E=-700/3.19.3/3500=-19/5
CS=1/2.(24-19).3500/3=17500/6
c>L=-1/E=5/19,PS=(19-14).3500/3=17500/3
d>nh thu c nh th ko nh hng n mc sn lng v gi nhng TPm=TP-1000
e>MCt=MC+2=16.MR=MC<=>243/350Q=16=>Qt=2800/3,Pt=20,TRt=56000/3,TPt=11200/3
f>lc ny x hi ko c mt ko v ngi c li l tiu dng do CS Tng v ko c li l
doanh nghip v PS gim?
Mt hng c quyn c ng cu v sn phm l P= 30-0.5Q , hm tng chi ph
ca nh c quyn nu l TC= 14Q
1, Tnh gi v sn lng ti a ha li nhun . Tnh gi tr thng d tiu dng v
thng d sn xut ti mc gi v sn lng ti u ny .
2, Tnh ch s o lng sc mnh ca nh c quyn v phn mt khng do nh dc
quyn gy ra .
3, Khi chnh ph thu thu l 1/ n v sn phm th gi v sn lng ti u cng
nh li nhun ca nh c quyn thay i nh th no ?
4 , V th minh ha
1.TR=P*Q=30Q-0.5Q^2
=>MR=30-Q
MC=TC'=14
Ti a ha li nhun <=> MR=MC => Q=16
=> P=22
Thng d tiu dng: CS=1/2*(30-22)*16=64
Thng d sn xut: PS=TR-VC=128
2. Ch s sc mnh : L=(P-MC)/P=0.27
Nu l th trng hon ho th:
Tng ch li x hi = PS*+CS*= 240
=> Phn mt khng do th trng c quyn gy ra:
DL=PS*+CS*-PS-CS=48
3. Khi chnh ph nh thu 1/1sp th hm chi ph cn bin lc ny l:
MC*=15
ti a ha li nhun th: MR=MC* => Q=15,P=15
LN= TR-TC=0
Gi nh hm s cung v hm s cu th trng go ca Vit Nam l:
Qs=20P-100 v Qd=80-10P
a) Hy xc nh gi c cn bng,s lng cn bng v m t bng th?
b) h tr cho ngi tiu dng,nh nc n nh gi ti a P=5.5 ,hi lng
thiu ht trn th trng l bao nhiu?
c) gii quyt lng thiu ht ,nh nc nhp khu go vi gi quy i l 6.5
,trng hp ny ngn sch nh nc phi b l s tin l bao nhiu ?L ngi tiu
dng bn c li g khi nh nc thc hin nhp khu thay v phn phi theo nh
lng /?
P=Q + 20 + 9 = Q + 29 (1)
Hm cu gi nguyn : P= -2Q + 140 (2)
Gi bn gii h 2 ptrinh (1) v (2) l c gi v lng cn bng mi. ( P*, Q*)
Cho cc thng tin sau v th trng sn phm A: Ga th trng t do ca sn phm
l 10 nghn ng/n v, sn lng trao i l 20 nghn n v. Co gin ca cu theo
gi hin hnh l -1, co gin cung mc gi l 1.
a. Hy vit ptrnh ng cng v ng cu ca th trng v sn phm ny, bit
rng chng l ng thng.
b. V th ng cung v ng cu va tnh c
c. Tnh thng d tiu dng, thng d sn xut v li ch rng x hi mc gi cn
bng th trng.
d. mc gi v sn lng ny tng doanh thu bng bao nhiu v t ti a
cha?
a)
Gi s phng trnh ng cu l Q=aP+b (a<0)
Theo gi thit co dn ca cu bng -1 <=> (dQ/dP)*(P/Q)=-1<=> a*10/20=-1<=>a=-2
thay a=-2, P=10, Q=20 vo phng trnh ng cu ta c:
20=-2*10+b <=>b=40
vy phng trnh ng cu l: Q=-2P+40 (1)
Tng t, gi s phng trnh cung l Q=cP+d
co dn ca cung bng 1 <=> (dQ/dP)*(P/Q)=1<=>c*10/20=1<=>c=2
Thay c=2 , P=10, Q=20 vo phng trnh hm cung ta c:
20=2*10+d <=>d=0
vy phng trnh hm cung l Q=2P
b) v hnh th bn t v nh
c) theo bi ra, cn bng th trng ti im P*=10 v Q*=20
v khng c hnh v nn mnh ni cch tnh thui bn nh
* thng d tiu dung(CS) l phn din tch nm trn ng gi, di ng cu ( ng
gi l ng //0x k t 10 ra, ng cu bn v ra nh tnh c th s tnh c CS)
* thng d sn xut l phn din tch nm trn ng cung, di ng gi( ng cung
l ng tnh cu a, ng gi vn nh trn)
d)ti P*=10, Q*=20 ta c TR=P*Q=10*20=200
vy doanh thu ca hng l 200$
t phong trnh hm cu Q=-2P+40 <=> P=-0,5Q+20 <=>TR=P*Q=-0,5Q^2+20Q<=>
MR=-Q+20
hng ti a ho doanh thu<=> MR=0<=> Q=20 <=>P=10vaayj ti mc gi v sn lng
cn bng th hng ti a ha doanh thu
Mt hng cnh tranh hon ho in hnh c tng chi ph ngn hn: TC= 100+ 7Q +
Q.Q v TC= 4Q + Q.Q
a) Tm sn lng ti u ca hng gi 35$/ v? Li nhun ti a thu c?
b) Mc gi cn bng ca th trng di hn? Khi gi th trng gim xun 25$/ v
th hng nn ng ca sn xut khng? ti sao/
=>Q = 17.
Mt nh c quyn c hm tng chi ph: TC = Q2 + 6Q + 120. Sn phm ca nh
c quyn ny c bn trn th trng c hm cu l: P = 50 - 0,1Q.
1.Xc nh gi c v sn lng ti a ha li nhun ca nh c quyn.
2. Nu mc tiu l ti a ha doanh thu th quyt nh ca nh c quyn s nh th
no? Khi li nhun l bao nhiu?
3.Nu chnh ph nh thu c nh 1 ln T=100 th gi c, sn lng v li nhun
thay i nh th no?
a)iu kin ti a ha li nhun ca nh c quyn : MR=MC
MC=TC'=2Q+6 v MR=TR'=(P*Q)'=(50Q-0,1Q2)=50-0,2Q
=>2Q+6=50-0,2Q=>Q=20 , P=48
b) ti a ha doanh thu TR max khi MR=0=>50-0,2Q= 0<=>Q=250 , P=25 Khi : pi=
TR- TC= - 57870=> Doanh nghip b l
c) T= 100=> TC= Q2+6Q+220
P= 48, Q= 20 nhng pi = TR- TC= 960-740= 220
gi la nm va qua l 2000$/kg; sn lng cn bng l 5000 tn. nm nay do hn
hn nn nhng ngi nng dn trng la b mt ma. h s co dn ca cu v la
theo gi c l - 0.6
-thu nhp ca ngi trng la nm nay l tng hay gim so vi nm trc?
- gi la nam nay tng ln 2500$/kg, sn lng la can bng nm nay l bao nhiu?
- thu nhp ngi nng dn trng la thay i bao nh?
- thu nhp ca ngi trng la nm nay tng hay gim so vi nm trc?
tra li:
h s co dn ca cu v la theo gi c l|- 0.6|<1
Cu co gin t nn P& TR ng bin. Khi gi ca th trng gim th thu nhp ca nng
dn gim xung so vi trc.
-gi la nam nay tng ln 2500$/kg, sn lng la can bng nm nay l bao nhiu?
Ta c: Ed=P/Q*(Q2-Q1)/(P2-P1)=>Q(nam nay)=2500*1.5/|-0.6|=6250(tn)
-thu nhp nm nay=2500*6250*10^3=15625*10^6 triu ng
thu nhp nm ngoi=2000*5000*10^3=10000*10^6 triu ng
Phn trm thu nhp nm ngoi=10000*10^6/(15625*10^6+10000*10^6)=~ 10%
Phn trm thu nhp nm nay=15625*10^6/(15625*10^6+10000*10^6)=~90%
Vy thu nhp ca ngi nng dn nm nay tng hn 9 ln so nm ngoi.