khuongduy_1088 1982

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Chng I: IN LI Cu 1: Pht biu nh lut axit, baz ca Bronsted ? Vn dng cho bit 2 + 2 2 + + 3+ a) Trong cc ion sau: CO3 ;CH 3COO ; HSO 4 ; HCO 3 ;Cl ; Na ; HS ;SO 4 ;S ; NH 4 ; K ; Al l axit, baz, lng tnh hay trung tnh. Chng minh ? b) Cho qu tm vo cc dung dch sau: NH 4Cl; CH3COOK; Na2CO3; KCl; AlCl3; Na2S; NaHSO4 qu tm s chuyn sang mu g v d on pH s ln hn, nh hn hay bng 7 ? Cu 2: Ha tan 80g CuSO4 vo 1 lng nc va c 0,5 lt dd.
2 a) Tnh nng mol/l ca cc ion Cu2+ v SO4
2+ 2 (s: Cu = SO 4 = 1M)

b) Tnh th tch dd KOH 0,5M lm kt ta ht ion Cu 2+

2

(s: VKOH = 2 ( l ) )

c) Tnh th tch dd BaCl2 0,25M lm kt ta ht ion SO4 (s: VBaCl2 = 2(l) ) Cu 3: Phn bit cc dd ha cht ng trong cc bnh mt nhn: a) Dng thuc th ty - KCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, Na2CO3, NH4Cl - (NH4)2S, (MH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, Na2S b) Ch dng qu tm v cc cht cn phn bit th: - HCl, Na2SO4, NaCl, Na2CO3, Ba(OH)2, FeCl3 - Na2S, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, NH4Cl, BaCl2 - BaCl2, NaOH, (NH4)2SO4, KHSO4, NaHCO3 c) Ch c dng 1 thuc th duy nht: - (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, NH4Cl, Na2CO3 - NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2 d) Khng dng thuc th no khc ( k c qu tm ) - BaCl2, AlNH4(SO4)2, NaOH, Ca(HCO3)2 - Al(NO3)3, ( NH4 )2SO4, Ba(NO3)2, KOH Cu 4: a) Trn ln 500 ml dd NaOH 5M vi 200ml dd NaOH 30%(d= 1,33g/ml). Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch thu c ? (s: [ NaOH ] = 6, 428M ) b) Trn 50ml dd HCl 0,12M vi 50ml dd NaOH 0,1M. Tnh pH ca dd thu c. (s: pH = 2) c) Cho dd NaOH c pH = 12 cn pha long vi H2O bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch NaOH c pH = 11 ? (s: pha long 10 ln) d) Phi ly dung dch HCl c pH = 5 cho vo dd KOH c pH = 9 theo t l th tch nh th no c dung dch c pH = 8 ? (s: V2 / V1 = 1/10 ) e) Tnh th tch dung dch HCl c pH = 5 v th tch dd KOH c pH = 9 cn ly pha thnh 10(l) dung dch c pH =8? ( s: VHCl = 4,5(l); VKOH =,5(l) ) f) C 2(l) dung dch H2SO4 pH = 3, thm vo mt lng nc c 10(l) dung dch H 2SO4. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? (s: pH = 3,7 ) Bis 4: a) Cho 100ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,009M vi 400ml dung dch H 2SO4 0,002M. Tnh nng mol/l cc ion v pH dung dch thu c sau phn ng ?
4 (s: OH = 2.10 M; pH = 10, 6 )

b) Cho 50ml dung dch HCl 0,12M vo 50 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Tm pH sau p ? (s: pH = 2) c) Cho 40ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(OH) 2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? (s: pH = 12) Cu 5: Trn ln dd HCl 0,2M v dd H2SO4 0,1M c dung dch A. trung ha 100ml dd A thu c cn bao nhiu ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,02M ? (s: 1000 ml) Cu 6: Cho 3,9g Zn vo 0,5 lt dd HCl pH = 2. a) Tnh th tch H2 thu c k (27oC v 2 atm) (s: 0,03 (l) ) b) Cho tip m gam NaOH vo dd sau phn ng. tnh lng kt ta cc i to thnh v tnh m(g)? bit rng NaOH phn ng va to kt ta ln nht. (s: max = 0,2475g; m = 0,2g) Cu 7: Tnh pH ca cc dd sau: a) 100 ml dd NaOH 0,2M tc dng vi 200ml dd (NH4)2SO4 0,035M. (s: pH = 1,7) b) 40 ml dd HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dd cha ng thi Ba(OH)2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. (s: 12) c) Ho 200ml dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 1 vo 300 ml dung dch H 2SO4 c pH =4 th thu c dung dch c pH bng bao nhiu ? (s: pH = 2,8 ) Cu 8: Tnh a) Hng s Kb v pH ca dung dch NH3 1M c = 0,43%. (s: Kb=1,85.10-5; pH = 11,64)

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b) Hng s in li ca CH3COOH, bit rng dd CH3COOH 0,1M c = 1,32 %. (s: K=1,76.10-5 ) c) Tnh nng H+ v CH3COO- trong dd CH3COOH 0,1M v in li = 1,3 %. (s: 1,3.10-3) d) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm NH4Cl 0,2M v NH3 0,1M bit rng hng s in li ca NH4+ l

K NH + = 5.105 ?
4

(s: pH = 4)

e) Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch thu c khi trn ln 500ml dung dch NaOH 5M vi 200ml dung dch NaOH 30%(d=1,33g/ml). (s: [ NaOH ] = 6, 428M) f) in li ca axt HCOOH nu 1(l) dd 0,46%(d=1g/ml) ca axit c pH =3? Cu 9: a) Tnh pH ca dung dch CH3COONa 0,1M. Bit K CH3COOH = 1,8.10 .
-4

(s: = 1% ) (s: pH = 4)

(s: pH =8,88)

= 5.105 . b) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm NH4Cl 0,2M v NH3 0,1M, bit K NH + 4

c) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm HF 0,1M v NaF 0,1M. Bit Ka = 6,8.10 . (s: pH = 3,17) Cu 10: Trn 100ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1 M) vi 400ml dung dch(gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M) thu c dung dch Y.Gi tr pH ca dung dch Y l? (s: pH = 1) + 2 NH , SO , NO Cu 11: Cho dd Ba(OH)2 d vo 500ml dd A c cha cc ion 4 4 3 c 11,65g mt kt ta to thnh v khi un nng c 4,48 lt kh ( ktc ). Vit ptpt v pt ion ca cc phn ng xy ra. Tnh nng mol
+ 2 (s: NH 4 = 0, 4M; SO 4 = 0,1M; NO3 = 0, 2M) Cu 12: Cho 200ml dung dch A cha HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,2M trung ho vi dung dch B cha NaOH 2M v Ba(OH)2 1M. Xc nh th tch ca dung dch B? (s: VB = 0, 07(l) = 700ml ) Cu 13: Trn 250ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch NaOH a(M), sau phn ng thu c 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a ? ( s: a = 0,12M) Cu 14: Trn 250ml dd hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dd Ba(OH)2 a(M), sau phn ng thu c m(g) kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh m v a ? (s: m = 0,5828(g); a = 0,06M) Cu 15:

ca mi mui trong dd A.

+ a) Thm t t 100g dd H2SO4 98% vo nc v iu chnh c 1(l) dd A.Tnh H =? b) Phi thm vo 1(l) dung dch A trn bao nhiu lt dung dch NaOH 1,8M thu c : - Dung dch c pH = 1

- Dung dch c pH = 13

+ (s: a) H = 2M; b)1(l)v 1,24(l) )

Cu 16: a) So snh pH ca cc dung dch c cng nng mol/l ca: NH 3, NaOH v Ba(OH)2 .Gii thch ? b) Cho 2 dung dch H2SO4 c pH =1 v pH = 2. Thm 100ml dung dch KOH vo 100ml mi dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc dung dch thu c (s: a) pH gim dn theo th t :Ba(OH)2, NaOH v NH3 b) [ K 2SO 4 ] = 0, 025M; v [ K 2SO 4 ] = 0, 0025M; [ KOH ] d = 0, 045M ) Cu 17: Trn 3 dd H2SO4 0,1M, HNO3 0,2M v HCl 0,3M vi nhng th tch bng nhau thu c dd A. Ly 300ml dd A cho tc dng vi mt lng dd B gm NaOH 0,2M v KOH 0,29M. Tnh th tch dd B cn dng khi tc dng vi 300ml dd A thu c dung dch c pH =2 ? (s: VB = 0,134(l) ) Cu 18: Cho 500ml dd AgNO3 1M(d=1,2g/ml) vo 300 ml dd HCl 2M(d=1,5g/ml) thu c dd A. Ga thit cht rn chim th tch khng ng k a) Tnh CM ca dd A? (s: [ HNO3 ] = 0, 625M; [ HCl ] = 0,125M ) b) Tnh C % ca dd A ? (s: C% HNO3 = 3, 22%v C%HCl = 0,373% ) Cu 19: Cho mg hn hp Mg, Al vo 250ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M thu c 5,32 lt H2(kc) v dung dch Y ( coi th tch dung dch khng i ) .Dd Y c pH bng bao nhiu? (s: pH=1) 2 + 3+ SO NH 4 , 4 , Cl . Chia dung dch X thnh hai phn bng nhau: Cu 20: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Fe , - Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta; - Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2 , thu c 4,66 gam kt ta. Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi). Cu 21: C th tn ti cc dung dch cha ng thi tng nhm cc ion sau y hay khng ? Hy gii thch.

khuongduy_1088 1982 , a) HCO3 Na + ,

098 363

Ba 2 + , H +

, +, b) HCO3 K Ca 2 + , OH

c) Zn 2 + , S2 , Na + , Cl d) Fe3+ , Cl , Na + , HS Cu 22: Vit phng trnh in li ca ca cc cht sau: a) Cc axit yu : H2S , H2CO3 , H2SO3 b) Cc axit mnh : HNO3 , H2SO4 c) Cc baz mnh : LiOH , NaOH , Ba(OH) 2 d) Cc mui : Na2CO3 , KClO , NaHSO4 , Na2HPO4 , [Ag(NH3)2]2SO4 , KMnO4 , K2Cr2O7 , NH4Cl . e) Cc hidroxit lng tnh Sn(OH)2 , Al(OH)3 , Zn(OH)2 . Cu 23: Vit phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu c) xy ra trong dung dch gia cc cp cht sau : a) Fe2(SO4)3 + NaOH d)NH4Cl + AgNO3 b) NaF + HCl e) MgCl2 + KNO3 c) FeS + HCl f) HClO + KOH Bis 23: Vit phng trnh ion rt gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu c) xy ra trong dung dch : a) CuSO4 + NaOH d) NaHSO3 + NaOH b) KNO3 + NaCl e) Na2HPO4 + HCl c) Cu(OH)2 (r) + HCl f*) Cu(OH)2 (r) + NH3 [Cu(NH3)4] 2+ g) MgSO4 + NaNO3 h) Zn(OH)2 + NaOH i) Pb(NO3)2 + H2S j) Na2SO3 + HCl Cu 24: Vit phng trnh phn t ca cc phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn sau y: a) Pb2+ + SO42- PbSO4 b) Mg2+ + 2OH- Mg(OH)2 2+ c) S + 2H H2S d) 2H+ + CO32- H2O + CO2 e) CaCO3 +2H+ Ca2+ + CO2 + H2O Cu 25: Hon thnh cc phng trnh ion rt gn di y v vit phng trnh phn t ca phn ng tng ng: a) Al3+ + .. Al(OH)3 b) Pb2+ + .. PbS c) Ag+ + .. AgCl d) Ca2+ + .. Ca3(PO4)2 e) Cr3+ + ...... Cr(OH)3 Cu 26: C hin tng g xy ra khi nhng qu tm vo cc dung dch sau y. Gii thch v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha di dng ion thu gn: CaCl2 , K2CO3, Na2S, FeCl3, Al2(SO4)3, CH3COONa, NaAlO2, NH4Cl Cu 27: * Hy cho bit cc phn t v ion sau l axit, baz ,trung tnh hay lng tnh theo Bronstet : HI, CH 3COO- , Cl- , H2PO4- , CO32- , HCO3- , HSO4- , PO43- , Na+ , NH3 , S2- , HPO42-. Ti sao ? Gii thch. Cu 28: C hin tng g xy ra khi nhng giy qu tm vo cc dung dch sau y. Hy gii thch trn c s ion : CH3COONa , K2CO3 , NaCl , Na2S , NH4Cl , FeCl3 , Al2(SO4)3 , Na2CO3 , Ba(NO3)2 . Cu 29: Vit phng trnh phn ng chng t Be(OH)2 l mt hidroxit lng tnh. - Chia 8,6g Be(OH)2 lm thnh 2 phn bng nhau, tnh khi lng mui to thnh khi cho: a) Phn 1 vo 120 cm3 dung dch H2SO4 1M. b) Phn 2 vo 120 cm3 dung dch NaOH 1M. Cu 30: Cho rng s trn ln cc dung dch khng lm thay i ng k th tch dung dch. Trn 1,5 lt dung dch NaOH 2M vi 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Tnh nng mol /lt ca dung dch thu c. Phi trn dung dch H2SO4 1M v H2SO43M theo t l no v th tch c dung dch H2SO4 1,5M Cn trn bao nhiu lt dung dch HCl 2M vo bao nhiu lt dung dch HCl 1M c 5 lt dung dch HCl 1,2M. Cu 31: * Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch H2SO4 v dung dch NaOH. Bit rng: 30ml dung dch H2SO4 c trung ha ht bi 20ml dung dch NaOH v 10 ml dung dch KOH 2M. 30ml dung dch NaOH c trung ha ht bi 20ml dung dch H2SO4 v 5ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cu 32: Cho dung dch NaOH d vo 100ml dung dch AlCl 3 v FeCl3, lc kt ta ri nung nhit cao thu c 2 g cht rn . Mt khc, 400ml dung dch AgNO3 0,2M tc dng va vi 50ml dung dch 2 mui trn. Tnh nng mol ca AlCl 3 v FeCl3. Cu 33: Ha tan 3,94g Bari cacbonat bng 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Cn dng bao nhiu ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M trung ha axit d. S mol OH cn dng l bao nhiu. Bit rng ch c 85% s phn t phn ly thnh ion OH Cu 34: Ha tan hon ton 0,12g Mg trong 100,0ml dung dch HCl 0,20M. Tnh pH da dung dch sau khi phn ng kt thc( th tch dung dch bin i khng ng k). Cu 35: C 6 dung dch ng trong 6 l mt nhn : Mg(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, AlCl3 , KOH v NaCl. Ch dng thm dung dch AgNO3 v mt thuc th na , hy trnh by cch nhn bit tng dung dch. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng nhn bit

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Cu 36: Cho 40ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(OH) 2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M . Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? Cu 37:* Trn 300ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,025M vi 200ml dung dch H2SO4 c nng x M thu c m gam kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 2 . Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi H 2SO4 phn li hon ton c 2 nc). Cu 38:* Khi cho Fe tc dng vi 250 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c dung dch c pH = 2 v c kh thot ra.Tnh khi lng Fe tham gia phn ng v th tch kh thot ra ( 27 oC v 750 mmHg ). Cu 39: Dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH = 13, dung dch HNO3 c pH = 1. a) Phi trn chng theo t l th tch l bao nhiu thu c dung dch trung tnh. b) Khi trn 2,75 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 vi 2,25 lt dung dch HNO3. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch thu c. Cu 40: a) Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Na 2CO3. Bit rng 100ml dung dch tc dng ht vi 50ml dung dch HCl 2M. b) Trn ln 50ml dung dch Na 2CO3 ni trn vi 50ml dung dch CaCl2 1M. Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc ion v cc mui trong dung dch thu c Cu 41: Cho 150ml dung dch NaHCO3 0,2M vo 250ml dung dch HCl 0,2M ta c kh A v dung dch B. a) Tnh th tch kh A (ktc). b) Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc cht v cc ion trong dung dch B. c) Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Ba(OH) 2, bit 50ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 trung ha bi 25ml dung dch B. Cu 42*. Trn 250ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,08M v H 2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 c nng xM thu c mg kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi Ba(OH) 2 in li hon ton c hai nc) Cu 43*. Trn 300ml dung dch c cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,025M vi 200ml dung dch H2SO4 nng xM thu c mg kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 2. Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi H 2SO4 in li hon ton c hai nc) CH : NHN BIT CC CHT I. Phng php: * Phng php vt l: mu sc, tan, nhit nng chy, t tnh, mi, v... * Phng php ha hc: + Trch cc cht cn nhn bit thnh cc mu th ring bit. + Cho thuc th c trng vo cc mu th quan st hin tng, nhn ra du hiu ca phn ng -> kt lun v cht. + Vit PTHH minh ha. * Mt s thuc th thng dng: Cht cn Thuc th Hin tng nhn bit Axit Qu tm Qu tm ha Dd kim Qu tm Qu tm ha xanh Dd Phenolphtalein khng mu Phenolphtalein hng -Cl Dd AgNO3 AgCl trng, ha en ngoi khng kh -Br // AgBr vng nht -I // AgI vng sm H tinh bt Xanh tm AgNO3 Ag3PO4 vng (tan trong dd HNO3) PO4 =S Pb(NO3)2 hoc Cu(NO3)2 PbS hoc CuS en =SO4 Dd BaCl2 BaSO4 trng =SO3 Dd Axit mnh (HCl) SO2 mi hc, lm c nc vi trong -HSO3 // // =CO3 // CO2 lm c nc vi trong -HCO3 // // =SiO3 // H2SiO3 keo trng -NO3 H2SO4c, nng + Vn Cu Dd mu xanh lam, NO2 nu -ClO3 Nung c xc tc MnO2 O2 , lm chy tn m -NH4 Dd NaOH NH3 , c mi khai Al(III) // Al(OH)3 keo trng, tan trong kim d Fe(II) // Fe(OH)2 trng xanh, ha nu ngoi khng kh Fe(III) // Fe(OH)3 nu Mg(II) // Mg(OH)2 trng Cu(II) // Cu(OH)2 xanh lam Cr(III) // Cr(OH)3 xanh da tri, tan trong kim d Co(II) // Co(OH)2 hng

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Ni(II) Pb(II) Na K Ca H2 Cl2 NH3(khai) H2S SO2 CO2 CO CO NO2 =Cr2O7 =MnO4 Cr2O4

// Na2S hoc K2S t // // // Nc Brm (mu nu) Qu tm m Pb(NO3)2 hoc Cu(NO3)2 Dd Brom, thuc tm Nc vi trong CuO (en), t0 t Qu tm m Quan st mu Quan st mu Quan st mu

Ni(OH)2 mu lc sng (xanh lc) PbS en Ngn la mu vng Ngn la tm hng Ngn la da cam Ngn la xanh nht, n nh, to H2O Nc Brom mt mu Qu tm ha xanh (H2S c mi trng thi) PbS hoc CuS en Nht mu Vn c (CaCO3) Cu () Chy vi ngn la mu xanh, sp lm c nc vi trong. Qu tm ha Mu da cam Mu Hng tm Vng ti

pH CA DUNG DCH (A1-2012) Cu 1: So snh pH ca cc dung dch sau khi chng c cng nng mol/lt: a) HCl, HNO3, CH3COOH, H2SO4. b) NaOH, NH3, Ba(OH)2. c)KNO3, HCl, KOH, CH3COONa, NH4Cl. Cu 2: So snh nng ca cc dung dch sau khi chng c cng pH? a) KOH, Ba(OH)2, K2CO3. b) HBr, HF, H2SO4. Cu 3: Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,25M v KOH 0,5M) vi 400 ml dung dch (gm HNO3 0,075M v HCl 0,3M), thu c dung dch X. a) Tnh gi tr pH ca dung dch X? b) trung ha ht dung dch X cn bao nhiu ml dung dch NaOH c pH=13. C cn dung dch sau phn ng trung ha thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn khan. Cu 4: Cho 300 ml dung dch H 2SO4 0,1M tc dng vi 100ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,8M v Ba(OH) 2 0,1M. Sau phn ng thu c x gam kt ta v dung dch A. Tnh x v pH ca dung dch A. Cu 5: Dung dch Ba(OH) 2 c pH=13 (dung dch X), dung dch HCl c pH=1 (dung dch Y). a) Tnh nng mol ca dung dch X v Y. (coi Ba(OH) 2 in li hon ton c 2 nc) b) Cho 330 ml dung dch X tc dng vi 270 ml dung dch Y c dung dch Z. Tnh pH ca Z? Cu 6: a) Dung dch HCl c pH = 3. Cn phi pha long dung dch trn bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch mi c pH = 4? b) C 20ml dung dch axit HCl c pH = 3. Cn thm bao nhiu ml nc ct thu c dung dch axit c pH=5? c) Pha long 100 ml dung dch HNO 3 bng 200 ml nc thu c dung dch X c pH=2. Tnh C M ca dung dch HCl trc khi em pha long. (S: 0,03M) Cu 7: a) Trn 100 ml dung dch c pH = 1 gm HCl v HNO3 vi 100 ml dung dch NaOH nng a (mol/l) thu c 200 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh gi tr ca a? (S: 0,12 mol/lt) b) Thm V ml dung dch HNO3 0,23M vo 400 ml dung dch cha hn hp KOH 0,08M v Ba(OH)2 0,01M ngi ta thu c dung dch mi c pH = 2. Tnh gi tr ca V? (S: 200 ml). Cu 8: Cn phi trn dung dch H2SO4 c pH=3 vi dung dch NaOH c pH=11 theo t l th tch nh th no sau khi ha trn thu c dung dch c: a) pH = 4. b) pH = 9. c) pH = 7. Cu 9: Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau: a) CH3COONa 0,1M (bit Kb ca CH3COO- l 5,71.10-10) b) NH4Cl 0,1 M (bit Ka ca NH4+ l 5,56.10-10) c) dung dch cha hn hp HF 0,1 M v NaF 0,1 M. Bit Ka ca HF = 6,8.10-4. d) Dung dch axit fomic HCOOH 3% (d=1gam/lt) c pH = 2. Cn pha long dung dch ny bao nhiu ln bng nc thu c dung dch c in li ca axit tng ln 10 ln. Cu 10: trung ha V ml dung dch A c pH = 2 (cha H 2SO4 v HCl) th cn 400 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 c pH=12. Sau phn ng thy xut hin 0,1864 gam kt ta. Tnh nng mol/lt ca mi axit c trong dung dch A? (coi H 2SO4 in li hon ton c 2 nc).

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Cu 11: Ha tan hon ton 3,28 gam hn hp Fe, S, FeS2 v FeS bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng d thu c dung dch A v kh SO2. Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d, lc ly kt ta em nung n khi lng khng i cn li 2,4 gam cht rn khan. Ly ton b kh SO2 em hp th bng V (lt) dung dch KMnO4 x mol/lt va thu c dung dch B c pH=1. Tnh gi tr ca V v x. CHNG 1: S IN LI A: BI TP V NNG ION VA BT IN TICH Cu 1: Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dung dch: a) Trong 0,2 lit dung dch c ha tan 11,7 g NaCl b) Dung dch HNO3 10% (D = 1,054 g/l) c) 250 ml dung dch NaCl 0,1M trn ln vi 250ml dung dch NaCl 0,2M d) Trn ln 117 ml dung dch c cha 2,84g Na2SO4 v 212ml dung dch c cha 2,34 g NaCl v 671 ml H2O Cu 2: Trong mt dung dch cha a (mol) Ca2+, b (mol) Mg2+, c (mol) Cl-, d (mol) NO31) Lp biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d 2) Nu a = 0,01 ; c = 0,01 ; d = 0,03 th b bng bao nhiu Cu 3: Mt dung dch c cha 2 loi cation l Fe2+ 0,1 mol ; Al3+ 0,2 mol cng 2 loi anion l Cl- x mol v SO42y mol. Tnh x; y bit khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thu c 46,9 g cht rn Cu 4: 500 ml mt dung dch cha 0,1 mol K + ; x mol Al3+ ; 0,1 mol NO3- v y mol SO42-. Tnh x; y bit khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thu c 27,2 g cht rn. + 2 2 Cu 5: Hy tnh tng khi lng mui c trong dung dch A cha cc ion Na +; NH4 ; SO4 ; CO3 bit rng khi cho A tc dng vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 d v un nng thu c 0,34g kh c th lm xanh qu m v 4,3g kt ta; cn khi cho A tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 d th thu c 0,224 lt kh ktc.
2 BT 6. Trn dung dch cha Ba2+; 0,04 mol Na+; 0,2 mol OH vi dung dch cha K+; 0,06 mol HCO3 ; 0,05 mol CO3 thu

c m gam kt ta. Tnh m?

BT 7. Trong dung dch X c 0,02 mol Ca 2+; 0,05 mol Mg2+; HCO3 v 0,12 mol ion Cl . Trong dung dch Y c OH ; 0,04

mol Cl v 0,16 mol ion K+. Cho X vo Y, sau khi cc phn ng xy ra hon ton. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c?
BT 8. Dung dch A c ho tan 18g NaHSO 4 v 13,375g NH4Cl. Dung dch B cha ion Ba 2+, 0,2mol NO3 , 0,35mol K+,

0,35mol OH - . Trn dung dch A vi dung dch B thu c m gam kt ta v V lt kh ktc. Tnh m v V? BT 9. Cho hn hp cha K2O, NH4Cl, KHCO3 v BaCl2 c s mol mi cht u bng 0,1 mol. Cho hn hp X vo nc (d), un nng ri c cn dung dch th thu c m gam cht rn khan Tnh m? B: PHNG TRNH PHN T, ION RT GN Cu 1: Vit PTPT, PT ion rt gn cho cc phn ng (nu c) xy ra gia cc cp cht sau: 1. FeSO4 + NaOH 14. Pb(OH)2 ( r ) + NaOH 2. Fe2(SO4)3 + NaOH 15. BaCl2 + AgNO3 3. (NH4)2SO4 + BaCl2 16. Fe2(SO4)3 + AlCl3 4. NaF + HCl 17. K2S + H2SO4 5. NaF + AgNO3 18. Ca(HCO3)2 + HCl 6. Na2CO3 + Ca(NO3)2 19. Ca(HCO3)2 + NaOH 7. Na2CO3 + Ca(OH)2 20. Ca(HCO3)2 + Ca(OH)2 8. CuSO4 + Na2S 21. Fe(NO3)3 + Ba(OH)2 9. NaHCO3 + HCl 22. KHCO3 + HCl 10. NaHCO3 + NaOH 23. Cu(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 11. HClO + KOH 24. CaCl2 + Na3PO4 12. FeS ( r ) + HCl 25. NaHS + HCl 13. Pb(OH)2 ( r ) + HNO3 26. CaCO3 + H2SO4

khuongduy_1088 1982

098 363

27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34.

KNO3 + NaCl Pb(NO3)2 + H2S Mg(OH)2 + HCl K2CO3 + NaCl Al(OH)3 + HNO3 Al(OH)3 + NaOH Zn(OH)2 + NaOH Zn(OH)2 + HCl

Cu 2: Vit PTPT v ion rt gn cho cc phn ng theo s sau: a. MgCl2 +? MgCO3 + ? c. Ca3(PO4)2 + ? b. ? + KOH ? + Fe(OH)3 Cu 3: Vit PTPT cho cc PT ion rt gn sau: a. Ag+ + Br AgBr b. Pb + 2OH
2+ -

CaSO4

d. ? + H2SO4 e. CO32- + 2H+ f. SO4 + Ba g.

22+

? + CO2 + H2O CO2 + H2O

Pb(OH)2

BaSO4

c. CH3COO- + H+ CH3COOH

HS- + H+ H2S

d. S2- + 2H+ H2S h. Pb2+ + S2- PbS Cu 4: Trong dung dch c th tn ti ng thi cc ion sau y c khng? Gii thch a, Na+, Cu2+, Cl-, OHb, K+, Ba2+, Cl-, SO4 2-. c, K+, Fe2+, Cl-, SO4 2-. d, HCO3-, OH-, Na+, ClC: BI TP V pH V NNG DUNG DCH Cu 1: Tnh pH ca cc dung dch sau: a. H2SO4 0,00005M b. NaOH 0,0001M. c. HNO3 1,26%, D= 1,12 g/ml. Cu 2:. a,Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 1,46 g HCl trong 400ml. b, Tnh pH ca dung dch cha 1,6 g NaOH trong 200ml. Cu 3: Mt dung dch cha 0,01 mol Cu 2+, 0,02 mol Al3+, 0,02 mol Cl-, 0,04 mol SO42- v H+ trong 0,4 lt. ( b qua s thy phn ca ca ion Cu2+ v Al3+) . Tnh pH ca dung dch. Cu 4: Trn 20ml dung dch HCl 0,05M vi 20ml dung dch H 2SO4 0,075M. Nu coi th tch sau khi pha trn bng tng th tch ca hai dung dch u th pH ca dung dch thu c l bao nhiu? Cu 5: Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c khi cho: a. 1 lt dung dch H2SO4 0,005M tc dng vi 4 lt dung dch NaOH 0,005M. b. 50 ml dd HCl 0,12 M vi 50 ml dd NaOH 0,1M. c. Tnh pH ca dung dch to thnh sau khi trn 100ml dd HCl 1M v 400ml dd NaOH 0,375M Cu 6: Tnh nng cc ion trong cc dung dch: a,HNO3, pH = 4 , b. H2SO4 , pH= 3 c,KOH, pH= 9 d, Ba(OH)2, pH=10 Cu 8: a. Cho 220ml dung dch HCl c pH = 5 tc dng vi 180ml dung dch NaOH c pH = 9 th thu c dung dch A. Tnh pH ca dung dch A. b. Cho 2,75 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH = 13 tc dng vi 2,25 lt dung dch HCl c pH = 1 th thu c dung dch B. Tnh pH ca dung dch B. Cu 9: Ho tan m gam kim loi Ba vo nc thu c 2,0 lit dung dch X c pH =13. Tnh m. Cu 10: Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH pha ch 300ml dung dch c pH= 10 Cu 11: Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ho 100ml dung dch hn hp NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,1M. Cu 12: Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH) 2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400 ml dung dch (gm H 2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung dch X. Xc nh gi tr pH ca dung dch X. Cu 13: trung ho hon ton 600ml dung dch hn hp HCl 2M v H2SO4 1,5M cn bao nhiu mililit dung dch hn hp Ba(OH)2 v KOH 1M. Cu 14: Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H 2SO4 0,01M vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 a mol , thu c m gam kt ta v dung dch sau phn ng c th tch 500 ml v c pH = 12. Tnh m v a.

Cu 15: Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0.1M ; HNO3 0,2M; HCl 0,3 M vi nhng th tch bng nhau c dung dch A. Ly 300 ml dung dch A cho tc dng vi dung dch B gm NaOH 0,2 M v KOH 0,29 M. Tnh th tch dung dch B cn dng khi trn vi 300 ml dung dch A c dung dch c pH = 2. Cu 16: Cho dung dch HCl c pH = 4. Hi phi pha long dung dch trn bng nc ct bao nhiu ln thu c dd HCl c pH = 6. Cu 17: Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 13. Cn pha long dung dch bng nc ct bao nhiu ln thu c dd NaOH c pH = 10. Cu 18: Pha long 10 ml dung dch HCl vi H 2O thnh 500 ml dung dch c pH = 2. hy tnh nng molca HCl trc khi pha v pH ca dung dch . Cu 19: Thm t t 10 gam dung dch H 2SO4 98% vo nc v iu chnh c 2 lt dung dch A. Tnh nng mol ca ion H+ trong A v pH ca dung dch A. Phi thm vo 2 lt dung dch A bao nhiu dung dch NaOH 1,8M thu c: - Dung dch c pH = 2. - Dung dch c pH = 12. Cu 20: Tm nng mol ca cc ion trong dung dch H 2SO4 c pH = 3. Cn pha long dung dch trn bao nhiu ln bng dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 thu c dung dch mi c pH = 5. D: BI TP V IN LI V KCB CA DUNG DCH AXIT V BAZ YU ( 11 NNG CAO) Cu 1: Dung dch HClO 0,2M c nng H+ bng 0,008M. Tnh in li ca HClO trong dung dch. Cu 2: Tnh pH ca dung dch CH3COOH 0,01M bit = 4,25%. Cu 3: Tnh hng s phn li ca CH3COOH bit rng in li ca axit trong dung dch 0,1 M l 1,32%. Cu 4: Tnh in li : - axit HClO (hipoclor) trong dung dch 0,2M bit Ka = 4.10-8. - HCOOH nu dung dch 0,46%( D = 1) ca axit c pH =3. Cu 5: Tnh pH: - dung dch axit flohiric HF 0,1 M bit hng s phn li l 6,8.10-4. - dung dch CH3COOH 0.1 M sau khi cho thm CH3COONa n nng 0,1 M. Bit hng s phn li Ka = 1,8.10-5. Cu 6: Tnh nng H+ (mol/l) trong cc dung dch sau: a. CH3COONa 0,1 M Bit Kb ca CH3COO- l 5,71 .10-10. b. NH4Cl 0,1 M . Bit Ka ca NH4+ l 5,56 .10-10. Cu 7: C hai dung dch sau: a. CH3COOH 0,10M ( Ka= 1,75.10-5). Tnh nng mol ca ion H+. b. NH3 0,10M ( Kb= 1,80.10-5). Tnh nng mol cu ion OH Cu 8: Tnh nng mol ca cc ion H + v OH- trong dung dch NaNO 2 1M. Bit rng hng s phn li baz ca NO2- l Kb = 2,5 .10-11. Cu 9. Tnh pH ca ca dung dch HCOOH 10-3M = 0,13 v dung dch NH3 10-2M, Kb = 1,8.10-5 Cu 10: Mt dung dch c cha 3 gam axit CH3COOH trong 250 ml dung dch. Cho bit phn ly ca axit l 1,4%. a. Tnh nng mol ca phn t v ion trong dung dch axit . b. Tnh pH ca dung dch axit trn. E: D ON pH CC DUNG DCH. (11 NNG CAO) Cu 1: a.Cc cht v ion cho di y ng vai tr lng tnh, trung tnh, axit hay baz: Al 3+ ; NH4+ ; C6H5O- ; S2- ; Zn(OH)2 ; Al(OH)3 ; Na+ ; Cl- ; CO32- ; AlO2- ; ZnO22- Ti sao?

b. Ho tan 6 mui sau y vo nc: NaCl; NH 4Cl ; AlCl3 ; Na2S ; Na2CO3 ; C6H5ONa thnh 6 dung dch, sau cho vo mi dung dch mt t qu tm. Hi dung dch c mu g? Cu 2: Theo nh ngha mi v axit- baz ca Bronsted cc ion: Na + ; NH4+ ; CO32- ; CH3COO- ; HSO4 ; HCO3-; K+ ; Cl- l axit, baz, lng tnh hay trung tnh? Ti sao? Trn c s hy d on pH ca cc dung dch cho sau y c gi tr nh th no so vi 7: Na2CO3 ; KCl ; CH3COONa ; NH4Cl ; NaHSO4. Cu 3: Dng thuyt Brosted hy gii thch v sao cc cht AlOH) 3 ; Zn(OH)2 ; H2O ; NaHCO3 c coi l nhng cht lng tnh. Cu 4: Cho a mol NO2 hp th vo dung dch cha a mol NaOH. Dung dch thu c c pH ln hn hay nh hn 7? Gii thch. Cu 5: Chi dung quy tim nhn bit cac dung dich sau : a. Na2SO4, Na2CO3 , BaCl2, KNO3 vi nng b. NH4Cl , (NH4)2SO4 , BaCl2 , NaOH , Na2CO3 . c. Ba(OH)2 , H2SO4 , FeCL3 , FeCl2 , AlCl3 , CuCl2 , NaCl , Na2CO3 , NH4Cl , (NH4)2SO4 . F. BAI TP V HIRXIT LNG TINH Cu 1: Tinh khi lng kt tua thu c trong cac trng hp sau: a. Cho 200 ml AlCl3 1M tac dung hoan toan vi 100 ml NaOH 3.6M b. Cho 200 ml AlCl3 1M tac dung hoan toan vi 200 ml NaOH 3.4M c. Cho 100 ml Al(NO3)3 1M tac dung hoan toan vi 100 ml hn hp NaOH 1M va Ca(OH)2 1,1M d. 200 ml NaOH 2M tac dung hoan toan vi 100 ml hn hp HCl 1M va AlCl 3 0,8M. e. 100 ml Al2(SO4)3 1M tac dung hoan toan vi 200 ml Ba(OH)2 3,2M e. 100 ml ZnCl2 1M tac dung hoan toan vi 240 ml KOH 1M. Cu 2: Cho t t dung dch NaOH 1M vo dung dch c cha 26,7 gam AlCl 3 cho n khi thu c 11,7 gam kt ta th dng li, thy dng ht V lt NaOH. Gi tr ca V l A. 0,45 or 0,6 0,65 Cu 3: Trong 1 cc ng 200 ml dd AlCl3 2M. Rt vo cc 200 ml dd NaOH nng a mol/l, ta thu c mt kt ta, em sy kh v nung n khi lng khng i th c 5,1g cht rn. Gi tr ca a l: A. 2M qu khc B. 1,5M hay 3M C. 1M hay 1,5M D. Kt B. 0,6 or 0,65 C. 0,65 or 0,75 D. 0,45 or

Cu 4: Cho 100 ml dung dich Al2(SO4)3 aM vao 350 ml dung dich KOH 0,2M thu c 7,8 gam kt tua. Gia tri cua a? A. 2M qua khac A. 2M qua khac B. 1M C. 3M D. Kt

Cu 5: Cho 15 gam Ca vao 100 ml dung dich Al(NO3)3 aM va HCl 1M thu c 7,8 gam kt tua. Gia tri cua a ? B. 1M C. 3M D. Kt

Cu 6: Cho 100 ml dung dch AlCl3 2M tc dng vi dung dch KOH 1M.

Th tch dd KOH ti thiu phi dng khng c kt ta l A. 0,4 B. 0,8 C. 0,6 D. 1 ( lt ). Cu 7: Thm m gam Na tan ht vo 100 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 0,2M. Sau phn ng thu c 0,78 gam kt ta. Gi tr m ? A. 0,69 gam 2,76 B. 0,69 or 3,68 C. 0,69 or 3,45 D. 0,69 or

Cu 8: Rt t t dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M vo 150 ml dung dch AlCl3 0,04M n khi thu c lng kt ta ln nht, nh nht. Th tch dung dch Ba(OH)2 dng tng ng l A. 45 v 60 90 ( ml ). B. 45 v 90 C. 90 v 120 D. 60 va

Cu 9: Cho 100 ml dung dch Al(NO3)3 tc dng vi dung dch NaOH 1M nhn thy khi dng 300 ml hay 700 ml dung dch NaOH u thu c lng kt ta bng nhau. Nng dung dch Al(NO 3)3 dng l A. 1M B. 3M C. 4M D. 2M Cu 10: Cho 200 ml dung dch Al2(SO4)3 tc dng vi dung dch KOH 1M nhn thy khi dng 180 ml hay 340 ml dung dch NaOH u thu c lng kt ta bng nhau. Nng dung dch Al 2(SO4)3 dng l A. 0,125M B. 0,25M C. 0,375M D. 0,5M Cu 11: X la dung dich Al(NO3)3 ,Y la dung dich KOH 3M. Thm 100 ml Y vao cc ng 100 ml X thu c 7,8 gam kt tua, loc bo kt tua thm tip vao cc 120 ml Y thi lai thu thm c 3,12 gam kt tua nua. Tinh C M cua X ? A. 2M B. 1M C. 3M D. Kt qua khac Cu 12: V ml dung dich X gm Al2(SO4)3 1M va HCl 1M, khi cho 500 ml dung dich KOH 1,6M vao X thi c 7,8 gam kt tua, khi thm vao X 600 ml dung dich KOH 1,4M thi thu c 4,68 gam kt tua. Gia tri cua V la ? A. 500 A. a < 4b B. 400 B. a > 4b C. 300 D.100 Cu 14: Cho t t a mol KOH vo dung dch cha b mol mui AlCl 3. iu kin thu c kt ta sau phn ng l C. a = 2b D. 2b < a < 4b S IN LI - PHN LOI CHT IN LI Bi 1. Cho cc cht sau: AgNO3, HClO4, KOH, CH3COOH, H2SO4, Fe(OH)3, HgCl2, ng sacaroz, Ba(OH)2, H3PO4, HClO, HNO3, Cu(OH)2, ng glucoz, HF, H2SO3, H2S, HBr, Al2(SO4)3, C6H6, CaO. Hy ch ra: a) Cht khng in li. b) Cht in li yu. c) Vit phng trnh in li ca cht in li. Bi 2. Cho cc dung dch sau (c cng nng mol/lt): NaOH, HF, BaCl 2, Al2(SO4)3, ancol etylic. Hy sp xp chng theo th t tng dn dn in.
2 Bi 3. Khi ha tan mt s mui vo nc ta thu c dung dch X c cc ion sau: Na +, Mg2+, Cl-, SO 4 . Hi cn

phi ha tan nhng mui no vo nc thu c dung dch c 4 ion trn? Bi 4. Ha tan 7,1 gam Na2SO4 ; 7,45 gam KCl ; 2,925 gam NaCl vo nc c 1 lt dung dch A. a) Tnh nng mol/lt ca mi ion trong dung dch A. b) Cn dng bao nhiu mol NaCl v bao nhiu mol K2SO4 pha thnh 400 ml dung dch mui c nng ion nh trong dung dch A.

c) C th dng 2 mui KCl v Na2SO4 pha thnh 400 ml dung dch mui c nng ion nh dung dch A c khng? Bi tp v bo ton in tch Bi 5. Mt dung dch cha a mol K+, b mol Mg2+, c mol SO 4 v d mol Cl- . Lp biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d v cng thc tng khi lng mui trong dung dch. Bi 6. Cho 500 ml dung dch X c cc ion v nng tng ng nh sau:
2 Na+ 0,6M ; SO 4 0,3M ; NO3 0,1M ; K+ aM. 2

a) Tnh a? b) Tnh khi lng cht rn khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X. c) Nu dung dch X c to nn t 2 mui th 2 mui l mui no? Tnh khi lng mi mui cn ha tan vo nc thu c 1 lt dung dch c nng mol ca cc ion nh trong dung dch X. Bi 7. Trong 2 lt dung dch A cha 0,2 mol Mg2+ ; x mol Fe3+ ; y mol Cl- v 0,45 mol SO42-. C cn dung dch X thu c 79 gam mui khan. a) Tnh gi tr ca x v y? b) Bit rng thu c A ngi ta ha tan 2 mui vo nc. Tnh nng mol/lt ca mi mui trong A. Bi 8. Khi ha tan 3 mui X, Y, Z vo nc thu c dung dch A cha 0,295 mol Na + ; 0,0225 mol Ba2+ ; 0,25 mol
Cl v a mol NO3 .

a) Tnh a? b) Hy xc nh 3 mui X, Y, Z v tnh khi lng mi mui cn ha tan vo nc c dung dch A. Bi tp v in li Bi 9. Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M c in li bng 1,32%. Tnh hng s phn li Ka ca axit axetic. Bi 10. Dung dch CH3COOH c hng s phn li Ka = 1,77.10-5. Tnh in li ca dung dch CH3COOH 0,01M v dung dch CH3COOH 0,04M. Bi 11. C 300 ml dung dch CH3COOH 0,2M (Ka = 1,8.10-5). a) Tnh in li . b) Nu pha long dung dch 100 ln th in li ca dung dch bng bao nhiu? c) Nu mun in li tng gp i th s ml nc cn phi thm vo l bao nhiu? Bi 12. Dung dch axit yu HX 3% (d=1,0049) c nng ion H+ = 0,01585M. a) Tnh in li ca axit. b) Tnh hng s in li Ka ca axit. c) in li s b thay i nh th no khi : - Pha long dung dch. - Thm vi git dung dch HNO3 vo dung dch. - Nh thm vi git dung dch NaOH. Bi 13. Dung dch HCN 0,05M c Ka = 7.10-10. a) Tnh in li ca axit. b) in li thay i nh th no khi pha long dung dch 8 ln. c) Cn pha long dung dch bao nhiu ln in li tng ln 8 ln. Trc nghim: S IN LI - PHN LOI CHT IN LI (A2-2012) Cu Dung dch cht in li dn in c l do trong dd c cha: 1: Cc electron chuyn ng t do. B Cc cation v anion chuyn ng t do. A. . Cc ion H+ v OH- chuyn ng t do. D Cc ion c gn c nh ti cc nt mng. C. . Cu Cc dung dch sau y c cng nng mol, dung dch no dn in tt nht ? 2: NH4NO3. B Al2(SO4)3. C H2SO4. D Ca(OH)2. A. . . .

Cu 3: A. C. Cu 4: A. B. C. D. Cu 5: A. Cu 6:

Cht no sau y khng dn in? KCl rn, khan. NaOH nng chy. Cu no sau y ng khi ni v s in li? S in li l s ho tan mt cht vo nc thnh dung dch. S in li l s phn li mt cht di tc dng ca dng in. S in li l s phn li mt cht thnh ion khi tan trong nc hay trng thi nng chy. S in li l qu trnh oxi ho - kh. Cho dy cc cht: KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, C2H5OH, C12H22O11 (saccaroz), SO2, CH3COOH, N2O5, CuO, Ca(OH)2, CH3COONH4. S cht in li l 3. B 4. C 5. D 2. . . . Cho cc mnh sau: 1, Cht in li mnh c in li > 1. 2, Cht in li mnh c in li = 1. 3, Cht khng in li c in li = 0. 4, Cht in li yu c in li = 1. 5, Cht in li yu c in li 0< <1. Chn p n ng B (1), (3), (5). (2), (3), (5). . D (1), (2), (4). (2), (4), (5). . Khi pha long dung dch CH 3COOH 1M thnh dung dch CH 3COOH 0,5M th B . D . CaCl2 nng chy. HBr ha tan trong nc.

A. C.

Cu 7: A in li tng B in li gim. C in li khng i . D Khng xc nh c. . . . . . Cu Chn cu ng: 8: A. Ch c hp cht ion mi b in li khi ho tan trong nc. B. in li ch ph thuc vo bn cht cht in li. C. in li ca cht in li yu c th bng 1. D. Vi cht in li yu, in li b gim khi nng tng. Cu Khi pha long dd axit axetic, khng thay i nhit , thy in li ca n tng. kin no sau y l 9: ng: Hng s phn li ca axit (Ka) gim. B Ka tng. A. . Ka khng i. D Khng xc nh c. C. . Cu CH3COO- + H+ Trong dd CH3COOH c cn bng sau: CH3COOH 10: in li s bin i nh th no khi nh vi git dd HCl vo dd CH3COOH. B C D A. tng. gim. khng thay i. khng xc nh c . . . CH COO- + H+ Cu Trong dd CH3COOH c cn bng sau: CH3COOH 3 11: in li s bin i nh th no khi nh vi git dd NaOH vo dd CH3COOH. B C D A. tng. gim. khng thay i. khng xc nh c . . . Cu Trong dung dch axit axetic (CH3COOH) c nhng phn t no sau y: 12: H+, CH3COO- . B CH3COOH, H+, CH3COO-, H2O. A. .

C. Cu 13: A. C. Cu 14: A. Cu 15: A. Cu 16: A. Cu 17: A. C. Cu 18: A. C. Cu 19: A. C. Cu 20: A. Cu 21: A. C. Cu 22: A. Cu

H+, CH3COO-, H2O.

D CH3COOH, CH3COO-, H+. . Trong cc cht sau: K3PO4, H2SO4, HClO, HNO2, NH4Cl, HgCl2, Sn(OH)2. Cc cht in li yu l: HClO, HNO2, HgCl2, Sn(OH)2. B HClO, HNO2, K3PO4, H2SO4. . HgCl2, Sn(OH)2, NH4Cl, HNO2. D HgCl2, Sn(OH)2, HNO2, H2SO4. . Chn dy cc cht in ly mnh trong s cc cht sau : a. NaCl. b. Ba(OH)2.c. HNO3. d. HgCl2. e. Cu(OH)2. f. MgSO4. a, b, c, f. B a, d, e, f. C b, c, d, e. D a, b, c, e. . . . 2Ha tan 14,2 gam Na2SO4 trong nc thu c dd A cha s mol ion SO4 l: B C D 0,2 mol. 0,3 mol. . . . Ha tan hon ton m gam Al2(SO4)3 vo nc thu c dung dch A cha 0,6 mol Al3+ 0,1 mol. 102,6 gam. 0,05 mol.

B C D 68,4 gam. 34,2 gam. 51,3 gam. . . . Cho 2 dung dch axit l HNO3 v HClO c cng nng . Vy s so snh no sau y l ng?

[ HNO ] > [ HClO] .

3

[ NO ]
3

<

[ClO ] .

B . D . .

+ + H HNO3 > H

+ H HNO3

[ ] = [H ]
+

HClO

HClO

Dy cht no sau y l cc cht in li mnh? B KNO3, H2SO4, CH3COOH, NaOH. . CuSO4, HNO3, NaOH, MgCl2 D KNO3, NaOH, C2H5OH, HCl. . i vi dung dch axit yu CH3COOH 0,10M, nu b qua s in li ca nc th nh gi no v nng mol ion sau y l ng ? [H+] < [CH3COO-]. B [H+] = 0,10M. . [H+] < 0,10M. D [H+] > [CH3COO-]. . Mt dung dch c cha cc ion vi nng tng ng nh sau: Na + 0,1M ; Cu2+ 0,2M ; SO42- 0,1M ; Cl xM. Gi tr ca x l: B C D 0,1M. 0,2M. 0,3M. 0,4M. . . . Dung dch X c cha: a mol Na+, b mol Al3+, c mol Cl- v d mol SO42-. Biu thc no sau y ng? B a + 3b = c + 2d. . D a + 3b = -(c + 2d). a + 3b + c + 2d = 0. . Mt dung dch cha 0,02 mol Cu2+, 0,03mol K+, x mol Cl- v y mol SO42-. Tng khi lng cc mui tan c trong d2 l 5,435 g. Gi tr ca x v y ln lt l: 0,01 v 0,03. B 0,05 v 0,01. C 0,03 v 0,02. D 0,02 v 0,05. . . . Dung dch A: 0,1mol M2+ ; 0,2 mol Al3+; 0,3 mol SO42- v cn li l Cl-. Khi c cn ddA thu c 47,7 gam a + b = c + d. NaCl, CuSO4, Fe(OH)3, HBr

23: A.

D Al. . 2+ 2+ Cu 24:Mt cc nc c cha a mol Ca , b mol Mg , c mol Cl , d mol HCO 3 . H thc lin h gia a, b, c, d l : A. 2a+2b=c-d. 2+ B. a+b=c+d. C. 2a+2b=c+d. D. a+b=2c+2d.

rn. Vy M s l: Mg.

B .

Fe.

C .

Cu.

+ Cu 25:C hai dung dch, mi dung dch cha hai cation v 2 anion khng trng nhau trong cc ion sau: K : 0,3 mol; Mg CO3 2 + + 2: 0,2 mol; NH4 : 0,5 mol; H : 0,4 mol; Cl : 0,2 mol; SO4 : 0,15 mol; NO3 : 0,5 mol;

: 0,3 mol. Mt trong hai dung dch tr n cha cc ion l :

+ 2+ 2A. K ; Mg ; SO4 ; Cl . + 2 C. NH 4 ; H+ ; NO3 ; SO 4 2 + + B. K ; NH4 ; CO3 ; Cl . 2 D. Mg2+ ; H+ ; SO 4 ; Cl .

Cu 26: c mt dung dch c cha cc ion: Mg

2+

(0,02 mol), Fe

2+

2(0,03 mol), Cl (0,04 mol), SO4

(0,03 mol), ta c th pha vo nc my mui ? A. 2 mui. B. 3 mui. C. 4 mui. D. 2 hoc 3 hoc 4 mui. Cu 27: Mt dung dch c cha 2 loi cation Fe2+ (0,1 mol) v Al3+ (0,2 mol) cng 2 loi anion l Cl- (x mol) v SO
2 4 (y

mol). Bit rng khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thu c 46,9 gam cht kt ta. Gi tr ca x v y ln lt

l: A. 0,2 mol v 0,3 mol. B. 0,4 mol v 0,2 mol. C. 0,3 mol 0,25 mol. D. 0,47 mol v 0,2 mol. + 2+ Cu 28: Dung dch A cha 0,23 gam ion Na ; 0,12 gam ion Mg ; 0,355 gam ion Cl v m gam ion 2 SO4 . S gam mui khan s thu c khi c cn dung dch A l : A. 1,185 gam. B. 1,19 gam. C. 1,2 gam. D. 1,158 gam. Cu 29: Chia hn hp 2 kim loi A, B c ha tr khng i thnh 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tan ht trong dung dch HCl, to ra 1,792 lt H 2 (ktc). Phn 2 nung trong khng kh n khi l ng khng i thu c 2,84 gam cht rn. Khi l ng hn hp 2 kim loi trong hn hp u l : A. 2,4 gam. B. 3,12 gam. C. 2,2 gam. D. 1,8 gam. Cu Trong dung dch CH3COOH 0,043M, ngi ta xc nh c nng H+ bng 0,86.10-3M. Tnh in li ca 30: phn t CH3COOH trong nc coi s phn li ca H2O l khng ng k ? B C D A. 2% 0,02%. 98%. Khng xc nh c. . . . Cu 31: Dung dch HNO2 0,1M c Ka = 4.10-4. Nng mol/lt ca ion H+ l: A. 5,3.10-3M. B. 6.10-3 M. C. 6,1.10-3 M. D. 6,8.10-3 M. Cu 32: CH3COOH c hng s phn li Ka = 1,8. 10-5. Dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M c in li bng: A. 1,33 . B. 1, 32. C. 1,31. D. 1,30. Cu 33: Mt dung dch CH3COOH 0,1 M c in li l 1,32%. Hng s phn li Ka ca axit l bao nhiu? A. 1,766.10-5 B. 1,744.10-5 C. 1,799.10-5 D. 1,788.10-5 1. Dung dch HNO2 0,1M c Ka = 4.10-4. Nng mol/lt ca ion H+ l: A. 5,3.10-3M. B. 6.10-3 M. C. 6,3.10-3 M. D. 6,8.10-3 M. n tp: S in li axit baz - pH Bi 1. Cho cc cht sau: H2O, SO2 , Br2, H2CO3, C2H6, Ca(HCO3)2, Ba(OH)2, NaClO, Mg(OH)2, C6H6, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, C6H12O6, CaO. Nhng cht no l cht in li.

Bi 2. Cho cc cht : HCl, NaOH, HClO4, HNO3, Ba(OH)2, H2SO4, HI, H2CO3, H2S, CH3COOH, HClO, HF, H2SO3, HNO2, H3PO4, KOH, Cu(OH)2, NaHCO3, HgCl2, Mg(OH)2. a) Cht no l cht in li mnh? Vit phng trnh in li. b) Cht no l cht in li yu? Vit phng trnh in li. Bi 3. Mt dung dch cha a mol Na+, b mol Ca2+, c mol HCO 3 v d mol Cl- . Lp biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d v cng thc tng khi lng mui trong dung dch. Bi 4. Mt dung dch c cha 2 loi cation Fe2+ (0,1 mol) v Al3+(0,2 mol) cng 2 loi anion l Cl-(x mol) v SO
2 4 (y

mol). Tnh x, y . Bit rng khi c cn dung dch v lm khan thu c 46,9 gam cht rn.
2

+ 2+ Bi 5. Cho cc cht v ion sau: Na+, CH3COOH, NH + 4 , CO 3 , HCO 3 , HSO 4 , K , Cl , Cu , CH3COO , SO 2 4 ,

F-, H2O, H 2 PO 4 , NH3, CH3COONH4, ClO-. Theo nh ngha axit baz ca Bron-stt cc cht, ion no l

axit, baz, lng tnh hay trung tnh? Bi 6. Vit biu thc hng s phn li axit Ka hoc hng s phn li baz Kb cho cc trng hp sau : 2NH + 4 , ClO , HClO , CH3COO , S , H2CO3. Bi 7. Cho cc phn ng sau: a) Ba(OH)2 + HNO3. b) CuSO4 + KOH. c) HCl + AgNO3. d) Al(OH)3 + HCl. e) HNO3 + CaCO3. f) Al(OH)3 + NaOH. a) Hon thnh cc phn ng dng pt phn t, pt ion v pt ion thu gn. b) Xc nh phn ng axit baz theo Bron stet. Bi 8. Tnh th tch dung dch H2SO4 0,5M cn dng trung ho ht 200 ml dung dch X cha Ba(OH) 2 0,5M v NaOH 1M. (Coi Ba(OH)2 in li hon ton c hai nc). Bi 9. Cho 400 ml dung dch A gm HCl 0,05M v H2SO4 0,025M tc dng vi 0,6 lt dd KOH 0,05M thu c dung dch B. Xc nh pH ca dd B. (S: pH = 2). Bi 10. Cho 40 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,375M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi NaOH 0,16M v KOH 0,04M thu c dd X. a) Tnh pH ca dung dch X. (Coi H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc). (S: pH = 12) b) Nu c cn dd X th thu c bao nhiu gam cht rn khan. Bi 11. Trn 100 ml dd X gm NaOH 0,04M v KOH 0,06M vi 200 ml dd Y cha H2SO4 0,05M v HCl 0,1M thu c dd Z. a) Xc nh pH ca dd Z. b) Phi pha long dd Z bao nhiu ln thu c dd c pH = 3. c) Phi pha long dd Z bng bao nhiu lt nc thu c dd c pH = 2. d) trung ha ht dd Z cn dng ht bao nhiu ml dd X cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH) 2 0,2M. Bi 12. Cho 400 ml dd A cha H2SO4 0,05M v HNO3 0,1M tc dng vi 600 ml dd B gm NaOH 0,1M v KOH 0,05M thu c dd Z. a) Xc nh pH ca dd Z. b) Phi pha long dd Z bng bao nhiu lt nc thu c dd c pH = 4. c) C cn dung dch Z n khi lng khng i thu c m gam rn. Tnh m? d) trung ha ht dd Z trn th cn dng ht bao nhiu ml dd H 2SO4 2M. Bi 13. Trn 250 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,08 mol/l v H2SO4 0,01 mol/l vi 250 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c nng x mol/l thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Hy tnh m v x. Coi Ba(OH) 2 in li hon ton c hai nc. Bi 14. Trn 300 ml dung dch c cha NaOH 0,1mol/l v Ba(OH)2 0,025 mol/l vi 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 nng x mol/l, thu c m gam kt ta v 500 ml dung dch c pH = 2. Hy tnh m v x. Coi Ba(OH) 2 v H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc. Bi 15. X l dung dch H2SO4 0,02M, Y l dung dch NaOH 0,035M. Hi phi trn 2 dung dch ny theo t l no v th tch c dd Z c pH = 2. (S: VX : VY = 3 : 2)

Bi 16. Cho V1 lt dd HCl c pH = 5 vo V2 lt dd KOH c pH =9, xc nh t l V1 : V2 thu c dd c pH = 8. (S: V1 : V2 = 9 : 11) Phn ng trao i ion Mui Bi 1: Vit phng trnh phn ng dng phn t v ion thu gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu xy ra): 1, Al2(SO4)3 + NaOH 2, CaSO3 + HCl 3, Ca(HCO3)2 + NaOH 4, Zn(OH)2 + KOH 5, KCl + Al2(SO4)3 6, Ba(OH)2 + K2SO4 7 , Na2CO3 + FeCl3 a) CaCl2 + ? c) NaHCO3 + ? e) Na2SO4 + ?
*

8, AgNO3 + NaCl 9, CaCO3 + K2SO4 10, Ca(HCO3)2 + HCl 11, FeS + HCl 12, Pb(NO3)2 + Na2S 13, Al(OH)3 + NaOH 14*, Al2(SO4)3 + K2CO3 b) Fe2(SO4)3 + ? d) NaHCO3 + ? f) NaCl + ?

Bi 2: Vit ptp dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng theo s sau:

CaCO3 + ? CaCO3 + ? NaCl + ?

K2SO4 + ? H2O + CO2 + ? NaNO3 + ?

Bi 3: Cho cc cht sau: NH4Cl, CH3COONa, FeCl3, K2SO4, K2CO3, NaNO3, K2S, Al2(SO4)3, Na3PO4. Xc nh mi trng ca dung dch mi mui trn v gii thch. Bi 4: Thc hin cc th nghim sau: a) Nh t t dd H2SO4 vo dd Ba(HCO3)2. c) Nh t t dd NaOH cho ti d vo dd Al2(SO4)3. Nu hin tng xy ra v gii thch bng phng trnh phn ng. Bi 10: Trn 100 ml dd X cha CuSO4 0,1M v MgCl2 0,3M tc dng vi 400 ml dd Y gm Ba(OH)2 0,05M v KOH 0,2M. Kt ta thu c sau phn ng c khi lng l: A. 2,72 gam. B. 5,05 gam. C. 0,98 gam. D. 1,74 gam. (S: x = 16 gam) Bi 11: Cho 200 ml dd A (cha FeSO4 1M v ZnSO4 2M) tc dng vi dd KOH d, lc ly kt ta em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c x (gam) cht rn. Tnh x. c kt ta. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c. Bi 13: Cho 400 ml dd NaOH a (mol/lt) vo 300 ml dd AlCl3 1M thu c 15,6 gam kt ta keo. Tnh a? Bi 60. Thm t t 400 ml dung dch H2SO4 49% vo nc v iu chnh lng nc thu c ng 2 lt dung dch A . Coi H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc. a) Tnh nng mol ca ion H+ trong dung dch A . b) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 1,8M cn thm vo 0,5 lt dung dch A thu c * dung dch c pH = 1 ; * dung dch c pH = 13. Bi 63. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M ; HNO3 0,2M ; HCl 0,3M vi th tch bng nhau thu c dung dch A . Ly 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch B gm NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH) 2 0,1M . Tnh th tch dung dch B cn dng sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c dung dch c pH = 1. Coi Ba(OH) 2 v H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc. Bi 64. A l dung dch H2SO4, B l dung dch NaOH . Tin hnh cc th nghim sau : - Trn 0,2 lt A v 0,3 lt B thu c 0,5 lt dung dch C . trung ho 20 ml dung dch C cn 40 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Bi 12: Cho 2,7 gam Al phn ng vi 450 ml dd HCl 1M to dd A. Cho A tc dng vi 500 ml dd NaOH 1M thu b) Nh t t dd KOH vo dd Ca(HCO3)2. d) Nh t t dd Al2(SO4)3 vo dd NaOH.

- Trn 0,3 lt A vi 0,2 lt B thu c 0,5 lt dung dch D. trung ho 20 ml dung dch D cn 80 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Tnh nng mol ca H2SO4 v NaOH trong dung dch A, B . Coi H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc. Bi 65.a) Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 0,01M cn trung ho 200 ml dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 3 . Coi H2SO4 phn li hon ton 2 nc. b) Pha long 10 ml dung dch HCl vi nc thnh 250 ml, dung dch thu c c pH = 3 . Hy tnh nng mol ca dung dch HCl trc khi pha long v pH ca dung dch . Bi 66.a) Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c khi ho tan 0,4 gam NaOH vo 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,05M. Coi Ba(OH)2 in li hon ton c hai nc. b) Tnh th tch dung dch HCl 0,1M cn trung ho 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 c pH = 13. Coi Ba(OH)2 in li hon ton c hai nc. c) Pha long 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 vi 1,5 lt nc c dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh nng dung dch Ba(OH)2 trc khi pha long . Coi Ba(OH)2 in li hon ton c hai nc. Bi 67.a) Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c khi cho mt lt dung dch H2SO4 0,005M tc dng vi 4 lt dung dch NaOH 0,005M. b) Trn 300 ml dung dch HCl 0,05M vi 200 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 a mol/l c 500 ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a . Coi Ba(OH)2 in li hon ton c hai nc. Bi 68.a) Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 (dd A) . Cn pha long hay c cn dung dch A bao nhiu ln c dung dch NaOH c pH = 11 . b) Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 10 (dd B) . Cn pha long hay c cn dung dch B bao nhiu ln c dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 . c) Cho dung dch HCl c pH = 2 (dd C) . Cn pha long hay c cn dung dch C bao nhiu ln c dung dch HCl c pH = 4 . d) Cho dung dch HCl c pH = 4 (dd D) . Cn pha long hay c cn dung dch D bao nhiu ln c dung dch HCl c pH = 3 . Bi 69. A l dung dch H2SO4 0,5M , B l dung dch NaOH 0,5M . Cn trn VA vi VB theo t l no c : * dung dch c pH = 2 ; * dung dch c pH = 13 . ( Coi cc cht phn li hon ton) Bi 70. Trn V1 lt dung dch HCl 0,6M v V2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,4M thu c 0,6 lt dung dch A. Tnh V1 , V2. Bit rng 0,6 lt dung dch A c th ho tan ht 1,02 gam Al 2O3 . Bi 71. Nh t t dung dch NaOH 2M vo 100 ml dung dch Y cha cc ion Zn 2+, Fe3+, SO 2 4 cho n khi kt ta ht cc ion Zn2+, Fe3+ th thy th tch dung dch NaOH dng l 350 ml. Tip tc thm 200 ml dung dch NaOH 2M vo h trn th mt cht kt ta va tan ht. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc ion c trong dung dch Y . Bi 72. Ly 100 ml dung dch A cha HCl 2M v HNO3 1,5M cho tc dng vi 400 ml dung dch B cha NaOH 0,5M v KOH nng a mol/l thu c 500 ml dung dch C trung tnh. Tnh a v nng mol/l ca cc ion trong dung dch. Bi 73. Cho 100 ml dung dch A cha Na2SO4 0,1M v Na2CO3 0,1M tc dng va vi 100 ml dung dch B cha Ba(NO3)2 0,05M v Pb(NO3)2 aM to kt ta . Tnh nng mol/l ca Pb(NO3)2 v khi lng chung ca cc kt ta . Bi 74. C 1lt dung dch hn hp Na2CO3 0,1M v (NH4)2CO3 0,25M. Cho 43 gam hn hp BaCl2 v CaCl2 vo dung dch . Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c 39,7 gam kt ta A v dung dch B. Tnh %m cc cht trong A. N TP CHNG S IN LI A. PHN T LUN: Cu 1: in vo ch trng trong cc cu sau: a) Qu trnh phn li cc cht trong nc hoc .. ra .. gi l . b) Cc hp cht: , ., u l Khi tan trong nc, chng phn li ra v .. c) . l cht khi tan trong nc, ch mt s . phn li ra ion, s cn li.. d) . l t s gia . v Cht in li mnh c ., gm: ., v hu ht .

e) Theo thuyt ., .... l cht ....phn li ra cation .. f) Theo thuyt ., .... l cht c kh nng nhn .... g) . l mui m anion . cn nguyn t H c kh nng . h) l cht c mu bin i .. V d: . v .. i) Mi trng . l mi trng c . < . hoc pH > .... j) Phn ng .. l phn ng xy ra trong gia cc cht in li k) Phn ng . l phn ng . gia cc ion ca vi cc ion ca . l) Phn ng .. xy ra khi . ca cc . trong dung dch .. Cu 2: Cho cc cht sau: BaCl2, NaOH, CO2, FeCO3, H2SO4, Cu(OH)2. a) Vit phng trnh in li ca cc cht c = 1. b) Vit phng trnh dng phn t v ion rt gn xy ra gia tng cp cht in li vi nhau. Cu 3: Cho cc mui: KCl, Zn(NO3)3, Na2S, CH3COONa, KHSO3, (NH4)2SO4, Fe(NO2)2. Khi ha tan cc mui trn vo nc s to ra mi trng g? Gii thch. Cu 4: Hy nhn bit cc dung dch (c cng nng mol/l) sau bng 1 thuc th duy nht: a) NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, Ba(OH)2, Na2CO3. b) NaCl, HCl, KNO3, AgNO3, K2S c) H2SO4, K2SO4, KOH, HBr, NH4NO3 d) Na2SO4, NaCl, HCl, BaCl2, (NH4)2SO4 Cu 5: Vit cc phng trnh ion rt gn xy ra (nu c) gia cc cp cht sau trong dung dch: a) H2SO4 + Pb(OH)2 b) Ca(HCO3)2 + HNO3 c) NaHCO3 + Ca(OH)2 d) Al(OH)3 + KOH e) Na2ZnO2 + CO2 f) CuS + H3PO4 Cu 6. Tnh pH ca cc dung dch thu c trong cc trng hp sau: a) Sc 0,438g HCl v 1,458g HBr vo nc thu c 300 ml dung dch (pH=1) b) Ha tan 0,224 lt NH3 vo 200g H2O (NH3 c = 2%) (pH=11) c) Ha tan 1,65g hn hp Na v Ca vo 7,5 lt nc thu c 0,84 lt kh (ktc). (pH=12) d) Trn 100ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,35M vi 200ml dd HCl 0,2M. (pH=13) Cu 7. Thm t t 200g dd Ba(OH)2 8,55% vo nc v iu chnh lng nc thu c ng 1 lit dd A. a. Tnh nng mol ca ion OH- trong dd. (0,2M) b. Tnh th tch dd HCl 1,9M cn thm vo 0,5 lit dd A thu c ) dd c pH = 1 (1/12 lt) ) dd c pH = 13 (0,025 lt)
Cu 8. Dung dch A cha 4 ion: Fe2+, Fe3+, Cl- v SO 2 4 . C cn 200 ml dung dch A thu c 38,16g cht rn khan. Cho dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo 250 ml dung dch A th thu c 53,7g kt ta. Nu thay dung dch Ba(OH) 2 bng dung dch NaOH th ch thu c 30,4g kt ta. Tnh nng cc ion trong dung dch A. (0,4M; 0,8M; 2,4M; 0,4M)