BI TP N TP 1 ( 20/9/2011) Cu 1 : Cho 11,1g mui CaX2 tc dng vi dd AgNO3 d thu c 28,7g kt ta a.

tnh khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca X b. nguyn t X c 2 ng v bit ng v 2 km ng v 1 l 2 ntron, phn trm ca ng v 2 gp 3 ln ng v 1. Tnh s khi ca mi ng v.

Cu 2: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp p l 11. Hy cho bit X thuc v nguyn t ho hc no sau y? Nguyn t X l : A. nguyn t f. nguyn t s. B. nguyn t d. C. nguyn t p. D.

Cu 3: Trong hp cht ca RH3 th c R chim 82,35% v khi lng . Hy : a. Tm nguyn t R . ( Cho :

14 7

N,

31 15

P,

32 16

S , 19 9F )

b. Vit cu hnh electron ca R, xc nh R thuc nguyn t s, p, hay d. Cu 4: Trong hp cht oxit RO 2 cha 72,73% oxi v khi lng. Nguyn t R l : A.
12 6 14 7

B.

23 11

Na

C.

32 16

D.

Cu 5: Mt nguyn t X c tng s electron cc phn lp s l 6 v tng s electron lp ngoi cng l 6, cho bit X thuc v nguyn t ho hc no sau y? A. Oxi (Z = 8). D. Clo (Z = 17). B. Lu hunh (Z = 16). C. Flo (Z = 9).

Cu 6: Mt nguyn t X c 2 ng v vi t l s nguyn t l 27/23. Ht nhn nguyn t X c 35P.Trong nguyn t ca ng v th nht c 44N, s N ca ng v th 2 hn th nht l 2. Tnh AX ? Cu 7: Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong hai nguyn t kim loi A v B l 142, trong tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht khng mang in l 42. S ht mang in ca nguyn t B nhiu hn ca nguyn t A l 12. A v B ln lt l A. Ca v Fe. B. Mg v Ca. C. Fe v Cu. D. Mg v Cu. Cu 8: Cho X c 3 ng v
24

chim 78,99%, nguyn t khi trung bnh

25

ca X = 24,3202. Tnh % ca 2 ng v A. s B. p

X , 26 X .
C. d D. f

Cu 9: Nguyn t c Z= 37 thuc loi nguyn t no: Cu 10: Cho oxit X2O3 c X chim 70% v khi lng. Tm cng thc ca oxit v xc nh X l loi nguyn t no. Cu 11: Tng cc ht trong oxit R2O3 bng 224, trong tng cc ht mang in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 64. Tm cng thc oxit, vit cu hnh electron v xc nh X thuc loi nguyn t no? ( Cho:
31 15

P,

52 24

Cr ,

16 8

56 Fe ) O , 26

Cu 12: Cho phn t A2B c tng cc ht bng 92, s ht mang in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 28. S ht mang in ca nguyn t A hn ht
1

mang in ca B l 6 ht, s khi ca B t hn ca A l 7 n v. Tm v tr ca A, B trong BTH v xc nh A, B l kim loi hay phi kim. Bi 13: Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t hoc ion trong cc trng hp sau a. Nguyn t X c 3 lp electron v c 6e lp ngoi cng. b. Nguyn t Yc tng cng 7e phn lp p c. Electron cui cng ca nguyn t A c phn b vo phn lp 4p5. d. Ion A2+ c cu hnh electron ging cu hnh ca Ar (Z=18). e. 9F- v 12Mg2+

2 35 56 40 32 2 H+ , 17 Cl , 26 Fe 2 + , 20 Ca 2 + , 16 S . Bai 14 : Cho k hieu cac ion sau : 1 a) Hay xac nh so p , e , n co trong cac ion tren ? b) Hay viet cau hnh e cua cac nguyen t trung hoa cua cac ion tren ? Bai 15 : Tong so hat p, n, e cua nguyen t mot nguyen to R la 28 . a) Tnh A , Z cua nguyen t ? Viet k hieu nguyen t nguyen to R ? b) Viet cau hnh e cua nguyen t R va cho biet R la kim loai , phi kim hay kh hiem ? c) e at en cau hnh cua kh hiem gan nhat th nguyen t R nhng hay nhan bao nhiu electron ? B16: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Bo l 10,812. Mi khi c 94 nguyn t 10B th c bao nhiu nguyn t 11B : A. 405 B. 403 C. 406 D. 404

Bi 17: Tng s hat cac loai trong mt ion R2+ la 34, s hat khng mang in it hn s hat mang

in la 10 hat. Tm s electron v vit cu hinh e cua nguyn t R.

Cu 18 (Khi B-2011): Trong t nhin clo c hai ng v bn:
35 17 37 17 37 17

Cl chim 24,23% tng s nguyn t,

cn li l Cl . Thnh phn % theo khi lng ca Cl trong HClO4 l: A. 8,92% B. 8,43% C. 8,56% D. 8,79% Cu 19 (Khi A-2011): Khi lng ring ca canxi kim loi l 1,55 g/cm 3. Gi thit rng, trong tinh th canxi cc nguyn t l nhng hnh cu chim 74% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng. Bn knh nguyn t canxi tnh theo l thuyt l A. 0,155nm. B. 0,185 nm. C. 0,196 nm. D. 0,168 nm. Cu 20 (Khi B-2010): Mt ion M3+ c tng s ht proton, ntron, electron l 79, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 19. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t M l A. [Ar]3d54s1. B. [Ar]3d64s2. C. [Ar]3d64s1. D. [Ar]3d34s2. Cu 21 (HSG BG 2009): Mt hp cht c to thnh t cc ion M+ v X 2 2 .Trong phn t M2X2 c tng s ht p,n,e l 164.Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 52.S khi ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 23.Tng s ht trong ion M+ nhiu hn trong ion X 2 2 l 7 ht. Xc nh nguyn t M, X v cng thc M2X2 . Cu 22 (HSG casio 2008): Mi phn t XY3 c tng cc ht proton, ntron, electron bng 196; trong , s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 60, s ht mang in ca X t hn s ht mang in ca Y l 76. a) Hy xc nh k hiu ho hc ca X,Y v XY3 . b) Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t X,Y.
Bi 23: Hp cht c cng thc MX2, trong M chim 46,67% v khi lng. trong ht nhn M c s

notron nhiu hn s proton l 4 ht. Trong ht nhn X s p bng s n. Tng s p trong MX2 l 58. a) Tm s khi ca M v X. b) Xc nh cng thc phn t MX2.
Bi 24: Tng s hat cac loai trong mt ion R- la 115, s hat khng mang in it hn s hat mang in la 27

hat. Tm s electron v vit cu hinh e cua nguyn t R. 2

Bi 25: Nguyn t X c tng s ht l 40. Bit s ht notron nhiu hn s ht proton l 1 ht.

a) Xc nh s proton, s khi v s notron ca X. b) Vit cu hnh e ca X.

Bi 26: Tng s hat cac loai trong mt ion A2- la 50, trong s hat khng mang in = 8/17 ln s hat

mang in. Tm s electron v vit cu hinh e cua nguyn t A. Bi 27 :Trong t nhin, ng c 2 ng v 63Cu v 65Cu, trong ng v chim khong 27% v khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca A. 73% B. 32,15% C. 63% D. 64,29%
63

65

Cu

Cutrong Cu2O l :

BI TP N TP 2 ( 8/10/2011) Cu 28: Hai nguyn t X v Y ng k tip nhau trong mt chu k c tng s ht mang in trong hai ht nhn l 25. V tr ca X v Y trong bng tun hon l A. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IA v IIA. B. Chu k 2 v cc nhm IA v IIA. C. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IIIA v IVA. D. Chu k 3 v cc nhm IIA v IIIA. Cu 29: Trong t nhin bc c hai ng v bn l 107Ag v 109Ag. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Ag l 107,87. a, Hm lng 107Ag c trong AgNO3 l: ( cho: N=14, O=16). A. 35,56%. B. 43,12%. C. 35,59%. D. 64,44%. 107 b, Tnh s nguyn t ca ng v Ag c trong 23,174 gam Ag2O. 35 Cl v 37 Cu 30: Trong t nhin, nguyn t clo c hai ng v b n l 17 17 Cl , trong 35 Cl chim 75,77% v s nguyn t. Phn trm khi lng ca 37 ng v 17 17 Cl trong CaCl2 l A. 26,16%. B. 24,23%. C. 16,16%. D. 47,80%. Cu 31: Nguyn t X c 2 electron ho tr v nguyn t Y c 5 electron ho tr. Cng thc ca hp cht to bi X v Y c th l: A. X2Y3. B. X3Y2. C. X2Y5. D. X5Y2. Cu 32: Nguyn t X l phi kim c ho tr cao nht vi oxi l a; ho tr trong hp cht kh vi hiro l b. Quan h gia a v b l: A. a = b. B. a + b = 8. C. a b. D. a b = 8. 26 55 26 33.(KA-2010) Nhn inh nao sau y ung khi noi v 3 nguyn t : 13 X, 26 Y, 12 Z ? A. X, Y thuc cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc B. X va Z co cung s khi C. X va Y co cung s ntron D. X, Z la 2 ng vi cua cung mt nguyn t hoa hoc 34.(KA-08) Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t: 3Li, 8O, 9F, 11Na c xp theo th t tng dn t tri sang phi l A. Li, Na, O, F. B. F, O, Li, Na. C. F, Li, O, Na. D. F, Na, O, Li. 35.(KB-09) Cho cc nguyn t: K (Z = 19), N (Z = 7), Si (Z = 14), Mg (Z = 12). Dy gm cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu gim dn bn knh nguyn t t tri sang phi l: A. N, Si, Mg, K. B. Mg, K, Si, N. C. K, Mg, N, Si. D. K, Mg, Si, N 36.(KB-08) Dy cc nguyn t sp xp theo chiu tng dn tnh phi kim t tri sang phi l: A. P, N, F, O. B. N, P, F, O. C. P, N, O, F. D. N, P, O, F. 37.(KA-2010) Cac nguyn t t Li n F, theo chiu tng cua in tich hat nhn thi A. Ban kinh nguyn t va m in u tng B. Ban kinh nguyn t tng, m in giam C. Ban kinh nguyn t giam, m in tng D. Ban kinh nguyn t va m in u giam 38.(KB-07) Trong mt nhm A, tr nhm VIIIA, theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t th: A. tnh kim loi tng dn, bn knh nguyn t gim dn. B. tnh kim loi tng dn, m in tng dn. C. m in gim dn, tnh phi kim tng dn. D. tnh phi kim gim dn, bn knh nguyn t tng dn.

39.(C-2010) Cac kim loai X, Y, Z co cu hinh electron nguyn t ln lt la: 1s 22s22p63s1; 1s22s22p63s2; 1s22s22p63s23p1. Day gm cac kim loai xp theo chiu tng dn tinh kh t trai sang phai la: A. X, Y, Z B. Z, X, Y C. Z, Y, X D. Y, Z, X 40.(KA-07) Dy gm cc ion X+, Y v nguyn t Z u c cu hnh electron 1s22s22p6 l: A. Na+, Cl , Ar. B. Li+, F , Ne. C. Na+, F , Ne. D. K+, Cl , Ar. 2+ 2 6 41.(KA-07) Anion X v cation Y u c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s 3p . V tr ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc l: A. X c s th t 17, chu k 4, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. B. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. C. X c s th t 17, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 4, nhm IIA. D. X c s th t 18, chu k 3, nhm VIIA; Y c s th t 20, chu k 3, nhm IIA. 42.(KA-09). Cu hnh electron ca ion X2+ l 1s22s22p63s23p63d6. Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc, nguyn t X thuc: A. chu k 4, nhm VIIIB. B. chu k 4, nhm VIIIA. C. chu k 3, nhm VIB. D. chu k 4, nhm IIA. 43.(C-08): Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s ht electron trong cc phn lp p l 7. S ht mang in ca mt nguyn t Y nhiu hn s ht mang in ca mt nguyn t X l 8 ht. Cc nguyn t X v Y ln lt l (bit s hiu nguyn t: Na=11;Al=13;P=15;Cl=7; Fe = 26) A. Fe v Cl. B. Na v Cl. C. Al v Cl. D. Al v P. 44.(C-09) : Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c electron mc nng lng cao nht l 3p. Nguyn t ca nguyn t Y cng c electron mc nng lng 3p v c mt electron lp ngoi cng. Nguyn t X v Y c s electron hn km nhau l 2. Nguyn t X, Y ln lt l A. kh him v kim loi B. kim loi v kim loi C. kim loi v kh him D. phi kim v kim loi 45.(KB-08): Cng thc phn t ca hp cht kh to bi nguyn t R v hiro l RH3. Trong oxit m R c ho tr cao nht th oxi chim 74,07% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l : A. S. B. As. C. N. D. P. 46.(KA-09)- Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 2np4. Trong hp cht kh ca nguyn t X vi hiro, X chim 94,12% khi lng. Phn trm khi lng ca nguyn t X trong oxit cao nht l : A. 27,27%. B. 40,00%. C. 60,00%. D. 50,00%. 47. X v Y l hai nguyn t thuc cng mt nhm v 2 chu k lin tip trong bng h thng tun hon. Tng s cc ht mang in trong nguyn t X v Y l 52. S th t ca nguyn t X v Y l : A. 8 v 15 B. 9 v 17 C. 7 v 14 D. 7 v 15 48: (KB_2006): Tng s ht mang in trong ion AB 32 bng 82. S ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t A nhiu hn s ht mang in trong ht nhn ca nguyn t B l 8. Xc nh s hiu nguyn t ca hai nguyn t A v B. Vit cu hnh electron ca hai nguyn t A v B. Xc nh v tr (, chu k, nhm) ca hai nguyn t A v B trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. 49. Hai nguyn t A, B ng k nhau trong cng chu k, c tng s ht proton trong 2 nguyn t bng 33. Xc nh v tr ca chng trong BTH v vit cng thc oxit cao nht ca chng. 50. Mt oxit c cng thc X 2O5 c tng s ht ( proton, ntron, electron ) trong phn t l 212, trong s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 68. Xc nh cng thc ca oxit v tm v tr ca X trong BTH. ( Cho:
28 14
31 15

P,

Si ,

16 8

O,

14 7

N)

51: Oxit cao nht ca mt nguyn t l RO3. Trong hp cht ca n vi hiro c 5,88% H v khi lng. Nguyn t khi ca nguyn t R l: A. 32. B. 16. C.14. D. 39. 52: Cho 2 nguyn t A, B thuc nhm IIA v 2 chu k lin tip, tng s proton ca 2 nguyn t = 32. Xc nh v tr ca chng trong BTH. 4

53: Cho phn t A2B c tng cc ht bng 92, s ht mang in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 28. S ht mang in ca nguyn t A hn ht mang in ca B l 6 ht, s khi ca B t hn ca A l 7 n v. Tm v tr ca A, B trong BTH v xc nh A, B l kim loi hay phi kim. 54 : Tng cc ht trong nguyn t nguyn t X bng 36, bit X thuc nhm IIA. Tm s khi ca X v xc nh v tr ca X trong bng tun hon. 55: Ion M3+ c cu to lp v electron ngoi cng l 2s22p6. Cu hnh electron ca M l: A. 1s22s22p63s23p1. B. 1s22s22p63s2. C. 1s22s22p63s23p2. 2 2 6 2 3 D. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p . 56.(KA-11)- : Cu hnh electron ca ion Cu2+ v Cr3+ ln lt l : A. [Ar]3d9 v [Ar]3d3 . B. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d14s2. 9 1 2 C. [Ar]3d v [Ar]3d 4s . D. [Ar]3d74s2 v [Ar]3d3. 57.(C-11) Trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc, nguyn t X nhm IIA, nguyn t Y nhm VA. Cng thc ca hp cht to thnh 2 nguyn t trn c dng l: A. X3Y2 B. X2Y3 C. X5Y2 D. X2Y5 58: Cho khi lng ring ca Au l 19,32 g/cm 3, trong tinh th cc nguyn t Au l nhng hnh cu chim 75% th tch tinh th, phn cn li l khe rng gia cc qu cu. Tnh bn knh gn ng ca nguyn t Au. (cho: MAu =196,97 ) A. 1,44.10-8cm. B. 1,595. 10-8cm. C. 1,345.10-8cm . D. 1,009.10-8cm 59: Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca Cl l 35,5. Trong t nhin c 2 loi ng v 35Cl v 37Cl. S nguyn t 37 Cl trong 35,5 gam clo l: A. 1,505.1023. B. 1,505.1022 C. 4,505.1023 D. 4,505.1024. 60: Hai nguyn t X, Y thuc cng mt nhm A; 2 chu k lin tip nhau c tng s s hiu nguyn t l 26. Hy chn v tr nhm ng ca X, Y. A. nhm IVA B. nhm VA C. nhm VIA D. nhm VIIA .

n tp ln3 Tm cng thc hp cht v c. ( 1/11/2011)

**, L thuyt:

Nu hp cht c dng AxByCz th ta c:

xM A yM B zM C M H.C = = = %A %B %C 100 , T y => x, y, z. mA mB mC % A % B %C : : : : M M M M M M C ; vi t l x:y:z nguyn ti gin A B C A B Hoc l: x :y :z = = nht.

=========================================================================== =========

xM A yM B zM C M HC = = = mA mB mC mH.C

Cu 1: ha tan 4 gam FexOy cn 52,14 ml dd HCl 10%(D=1,05g/ml). Xc nh cng thc phn t FexOy. (TL_99) A. Fe2O3 B. FeO C. Fe3O4 D. Fe2O3 v FeO Cu 2: Cho oxit c cng thc NOx , c %N = 30,43% v khi lng. Tm cng thc oxit. Cu 3: Tm cng thc ca st oxit, bit %Fe = 72,41% v khi lng. Cu 4: Nung 2,45g mt mui th thu c 672ml kh O2 ktc, phn cht rn cn li cha 52,35% K v 47,65% Cl. Tm cng thc ca mui. ( KClO3) Cu 5: Thnh phn khi lng trong hp cht v c gm: 33,33%Na ; 20,29%N ; 46,37% O. Tm cng thc phn t cht v c . ( NaNO2) 5

Cu 6: Thnh phn khi lng trong hp cht v c gm: 35,96% S ; 1,12% H ; 62,92% O. Tm cng thc phn t cht v c . t cht v c . /s : H2S B8: Cho 7,8 gam mt kim loi kim vo nc d thy thot ra 2,24 lt H 2 (ktc). Xc nh kim loi kim? B9: Cho 2,8 gam mt kim loi tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl long, d, thu c 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Xc nh kim loi? B10: Ho tan 10,4 gam hn hp 2 kim loi A, B thuc nhm IIA v 2 chu k lin tip vo dung dch axit HCl long, d thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). Xc nh 2 kim loi ? B11: Ho tan 2,44 gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonnat ca 2 kim loi kim thuc 2 chu k lin tip vo dung dch HCl d thu 0,448 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Xc nh 2 kim loi kim? B12- Cho 4,55g hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi kim hai chu k lin tip tc dng ht vi dd HCl 1M va thu c 1,12 lt CO2(kc). a) Hai kim loi l A- Li,Na B- Na,K C- K,Rb D- Rb,Cs b) Th tch dd HCl dng A- 0,05 lt B- 0,1 lt C- 0,2 lt D- 0,15 lt B13- Cho 20g hn hp 2 mui cacbonat ca 2 kim loi ho tri II v III vo dd HCl 0,5M thu c dd A v 1,344ml kh(kc).C cn dd A thu c m gam mui khan. a) Th tch dd HCl dng : A- 0,12 lt B- 0,24 lt C- 0,2 lt D- 0,3 lt b) Gi tr ca m l: A- 10,33g B- 20,66g C- 25,32g D- 30g Cu 14: Cho 16,2g kim loi M (ho tr khng i) tc dng vi 0,15 mol O 2, Cht rn sau phn ng tan trong dung dch HCl d to 13,44 lt kh (ktc). M l: A. Na. B. Al. C. Ca. D. Mg. Cu 15: Ho tan 1,8g mui sunfat ca mt kim loi nhm IIA trong nc ri pha long cho 50ml dung dch. phn ng ht vi dung dch ny cn 20ml dung dch BaCl 2 0,75M. Cng thc ca mui sunfat l: A. BeSO4. B. MgSO4. C. CaSO4. A. canxi. B. km. D. BaSO4. C. magie. D. bari. Cu 16: Ho tan 2,0g mt kim loi ho tr II trong dung dch HCl, sau c cn dung dch thu c 5,55g mui khan. Tn kim loi l: Cu 17: Cho 22g hn hp mui cacbonat ca kim loi IA v IIA tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 0,3 mol kh (ktc). C cn dung dch th s gam mui khan l: A. 1,87g. B.2,53g. C. 18,7g. D. 25,3g. Cau 18: Hoa tan hoan toan 4 gam hon hp gom 1 kim loai hoa tr II va 1 kim loai hoa tr III can dung het 170 ml HCl 2M. a) Co can dung dch thu c bao nhieu gam muoi kho. a) mmuo i = 16, 07 gam b) Tnh VH2 thoat ra ktc. VH 2 = 3,808 lt ; c) Neu biet kim loai hoa tr III la Al va so mol bang 5 lan so mol kim loai hoa tr II th kim loai hoa tr II la nguyen to nao? S: Zn Cau 19: Oxit cao nhat cua mot nguyen to co cong thc R 2Ox phan t khoi cua oxit la 102 vC, biet thanh phan khoi lng cua oxi la 47,06%. Xac nh R. S: R la nhom (Al) 6 /s : H2S2O7 Cu 7: t chy hon ton 2,04g cht A, thu c 1,08g H2O v 1,344 lit SO2 ktc. Tm cng thc phn

Cau 20: Hoa tan hoan toan 12,1 gam hon hp bot gom CuO va mot oxit cua kim loai hoa tr II khac can 100 ml dung dch HCl 3M. Biet t le mol cua 2 oxit la 1 : 2. a) Xac nh cong thc cua oxit con lai. b) Tnh % theo khoi lng cua moi oxit trong hon hp ban au. S: a) ZnO ; b) %CuO = 33,06% va %ZnO = 66,94% Cau 21: Cho Cho 3,06g oxit MxOy cua kim loai M co hoa tr khong oi (hoa tr t I en III) tan trong HNO 3 d thu c 5,22g muoi. Hay xac nh cong thc phan t cua oxit MxOy. bang nhau. a) e hoa tan het phan 1 phai dung 150ml dung dch HCl 3M. b) Cho mot luong kh CO d i qua phan 2 nung nong, phan ng xong thu c 8,4 (g) sat. Tm cong thc oxit sat tren. Cau 23: Hon hp A gom oxit cua mot kim loai hoa tr II va muoi cacbonat cua kim loai o c hoa tan het bang axit H 2SO4 loang va u tao ra kh B va con dung dch D. em co can D thu c mot lng muoi khan bang 168% lng A. Biet lng kh B bang 44% lng A. Hoi kim loai hoa tr II noi tren la nguyen to nao ? % lng moi chat trong A bang bao nhieu. ap so: A la Mg ; %MgO = 16% va %MgCO3 = 84% Cau 24: Lp cng thc ca tinh th mui Mangan (II) clorua ngm nc. Bit rng lng mui MnCl 2 chim 63,63% khi lng tinh th. Bi 25. /s: MnCl2.4H2O Mt dung dch c ho tan 3,25g st clorua, S: BaO Cau 22: Co mot oxit sat cha cong thc. Chia lng oxit nay lam 2 phan

tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d, to ra 8,61g kt ta mu trng. Cng thc phn t ca mui st clorua l: A. FeCl2 B. FeCl3 C. FeCl D. A v B u ng Cu 26: Cho a gam mt oxit st tc dng vi cacbon oxit nhit cao, ngi ta thu c 0,84 gam st v 0,88 gam kh CO2. Xc nh cng thc oxit st. A. FeO B. Fe2O3 C. Fe3O4 D. Khng xc nh c ON TAP 4_ BAI TOAN NONG O DUNG DCH ( 15/11/2011). Lu y: Cach tnh khoi lng dung dch sau phan ng. Neu san pham khong co chat bay hi hay ket tua. mdd sau pha n ng = kho i l ng ca c cha t thamgia Neu san pham tao thanh co chat bay hi hay ket tua. => mddsau pha n ng = kho khi i l ng ca c cha t thamgia m

=> mddsau pha n ng = kho i l ngca c cha t thamgia mke t tu a Neu san pham va co ket tua va bay hi. mdd sau pha mke n ng = kho khi i l ngca c cha t thamgia m t tu a

B1: Cho 5,6 gam Fe t chy hon ton trong bnh cha kh clo. Ton b mui thu c cho nc vo hp th hon ton thu c dung dch mui A. Cho NaOH d vo thy 7

c kt ta B, lc ton b kt ta B em nung n khi lng khng i th thu a gam cht rn D. Hy tnh a =? B2: Ho tan 2,7 gam Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl 20 % ( d=1,1 gam). Hy tnh: a) Th tch kh H2 thot ra ktc ? b) Th tch dung dch HCl cn dng? c) Nng %, nng mol ca dung dch mui thu c sau phn ng? B3: Cho 6,1 gam hn hp Mg, Al, Cu vo dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thu c 5,6 lt H2 (ktc) v c 1 gam cht rn khng tan. Tnh thnh phn % ca cc kim loi trong hn hp u? Cau 4: Co 2 dung dch HCl nong o 0,5M va 3M. Tnh the tch dung dch can phai lay e pha c 100ml dung dch HCl nong o 2,5M. Cau 5: Khi hoa tan m (g) muoi FeSO 4.7H2O vao 168,1 (g) nc, thu c dung dch FeSO4 co nong o 2,6%. Tnh m? Cau 6: Lay 12,42 (g) Na2CO3.10H2O c hoa tan trong 50,1ml nc cat (D = 1g/ml). Tnh nong o phan tram cua dung dch thu c. Cau 7: Lay 8,4 (g) MgCO3 hoa tan vao 146 (g) dung dch HCl th va u. a) Viet phng trnh phan ng. b) Tnh nong o phan tram cua dung dch HCl au? c) Tnh nong o phan tram cac chat trong dung dch sau phan ng? Cau 8: Hoa tan 10 (g) CaCO3 vao 114,1 (g) dung dch HCl 8%. a) Viet phng trnh phan ng. b) Tnh nong o phan tram cac chat thu c sau phan ng? Cau 9: Hoa tan hoa toan 16,25g mot kim loai hoa tr (II) bang dung dch HCl 18,25% (D = 1,2g/ml), thu c dung dch muoi va 5,6l kh hiro (ktc). a) Xac nh kim loai? b) Xac nh khoi lng ddHCl 18,25% a dung ? Tnh CM cua dung dch HCl tren? c) Tm nong o phan tram cua dung dch muoi sau phan ng? Cau 10: Cho a (g) Fe tac dung va u 150ml dung dch HCl (D = 1,2 g/ml) thu c dung dch va 6,72 lt kh (ktc). Cho toan bo lng dung dch tren tac dung vi dung dch AgNO3 d, thu c b (g) ket tua. 1. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng. 2. Tm gia tr a, b? 3. Tnh nong o phan tram va nong o mol/l dung dch HCl? Cau 11: Mot hon hp gom Na2SO4 va K2SO4 tron theo t le 1 : 2 ve so mol. Hoa tan hon hp vao 102 (g) nc, thu c dung dch A. Cho 1664 (g) dung dch BaCl2 10% vao dung dch A, xuat hien ket tua. Loc bo ket tua, them H2SO4 d vao nc loc thay tao ra 46,6 (g) ket tua. Xac nh nong o phan tram cua Na 2SO4 va K2SO4 trong dung dch A ban au? Cau 12: Cho 46,1 (g) hon hp Mg, Fe, Zn phan ng vi dung dch HCl th thu c 17,92 lt H2 (ktc). Tnh thanh phan phan tram ve khoi lng cac kim loai trong hon hp. Biet rang the tch kh H 2 do sat tao ra gap oi the tch H2 do Mg tao ra. Cau 13: Cho 39,09 (g) hon hp X gom 3 muoi: K 2CO3, KCl, KHCO3 tac dung vi Vml dung dch HCl d 10,52% (D = 1,05g/ml), thu c dung dch Y va 6,72 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Chia Y thanh 2 phan bang nhau: - Phan 1: e trung hoa dung dch can 250ml dung dch NaOH 0,4M. - Phan 2: Cho tac dung vi AgNO3 d thu c 51,66 (g) ket tua. a) Tnh khoi lng cac chat trong hon hp ban au? b) Tm Vml? 8

Cau 14: X la hon hp hai kim loai Mg va Zn. Y la dung dch H2SO4 cha ro nong o. Th nghiem 1: Cho 24,3 gam X vao 2 lt Y, sinh ra 8,96 lt kh H2. Th nghiem 2: Cho 24,3 gam X vao 3 lt Y, sinh ra 11,2 lt kh H2. (Cac the tch kh eu o ktc) a) Chng to rang trong th nghiem 1 th X cha tan het, trong th nghiem 2 th X tan het. b) Tnh nong o mol cua dung dch Y va khoi lng moi kim loai trong X. (CM=0,2M; 4,8g- 19,5g) Cau 15: Tnh nong o ban au cua dung dch H 2SO4 va dung dch NaOH biet rang: - Neu o 3 lt dung dch NaOH vao 2 lt dung dch H 2SO4 th sau khi phan ng dung dch co tnh kiem vi nong o 0,1 M. - Neu o 2 lt dung dch NaOH vao 3 lt dung dch H 2SO4 th sau phan ng dung dch co tnh axit vi nong o 0,2M. Cau 16: Nng CM ca dung dch HCl 18% ( D= 1,09 g/ml) l bao nhiu: A. 4,5 M. B. 4,25 M. C. 5,375 M. D. 5,475 M. Cau 17: Hoa tan hoan toan 14,2 gam hon hp C gom MgCO 3 va muoi cacbonat cua kim loai R vao axit HCl 7,3% va u, thu c dung dch D va 3,36 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Nong o MgCl2 trong dung dch D bang 6,028%. a) Xac nh kim loai R va thanh phan phan % theo khoi lng cua moi chat trong C. b) Cho dung dch NaOH d vao dung dch D, loc lay ket tua roi nung ngoai khong kh en khi phan ng hoan toan. Tnh so gam chat ran con lai sau khi nung. Cau 18: Cho 20g hn hp gm Al, Fe, Ag tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch H 2SO ( D= 1,24 g/ml). Ta thu c 5,6 lt kh H2 ktc v 11,7 gam cht rn khng tan. Hy : a, Vit cc ptp xy ra v tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca tng kim loi trong 20g hn hp. b, Tnh nng CM ca dung dch H2SO4 ban u v tnh nng C% ca cc c sau phn ng. Cau 19: Trn 200 g dung dch Ba(NO3)2 5,2 % vi 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 20% (d = 1 g/ml). a) Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c? b) Tnh nng % ca cc cht sau phn ng? Cau 20:(HSG BG -2009). Cho 50 gam dung dch mui MX 35,6% (M l kim loi kim, X l halogen) tc dng vi 10 gam dung dch AgNO3 thu c mt kt ta. Lc b kt ta thu c dung dch nc lc. Bit nng MX trong dung dch nc lc bng 5/6 ln nng MX trong dung dch ban u. Xc nh cng thc mui MX. ( /s: LiCl) Cau 21: Cho 20,6 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi : (Al, Fe, Cu), tc dng va vi dung dch HCl 1M ( d= 1,09 g/ml), ta thu c 11,2 lt kh H2 iu kin tiu chun v 4 gam cht rn khng tan. 1. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra. 2. Tnh thnh phn % ca tng kim loi c trong 20,6 gam hn hp. 3. Tnh th tch ca dd HCl dng v nng % cc cht sau phn ng. Cau 22: Ha tan hon ton 13,4g hn hp Mg, Al, Fe vo dung dch H2SO4 long d thu c 11,2 lt kh ktc. Tnh khi lng mui to thnh. (/s: 61,4g) B23: Trn 200ml dd HCl 2M vi 300ml dd HCl 4 M. Tnh nng mol/l ca dd thu c. (/S: 3,2M.) B24: Tnh nng % ca dd HCl 5,375M ( D = 1,09 g/ml). (/S: C%= 18%) B25: Tnh CM ca dd H2SO4 20% ( D=1,14g/ml). ( /S: CM= 2,33M ) B26: Tnh nng mol ca HCl c trong 200ml dd HCl 3,65% (D=1.02 g/ml). ( /S: CM = 1,02M) B27: Tnh th tch dd H2SO4 30% (D=1,222 g/ml) cn trung ho 50ml dd NaOH 1,2M. (/S: V=8,02 ml). 9

B28: Cho 50g dd NaCl tc dng va 50g vi dd AgNO 3 thu c 14,35g kt ta. Tnh nng phn % ca dd thu c. ( /s : C% NaNO3 = 9,924 %). B29: trn m1 gam dd HCl 40% vi m2 gam dd HCl 15% thu c dd HCl 20% . Tnh t l m1/m2 =?

B1: Cho m gam bt Fe vo dung dch HCl long d, thu 3,36 lt H2 (ktc). Tnh m?
10

B2: Cho m gam Fe t chy hon ton trong bnh cha kh clo. Ton b mui thu c cho nc vo hp th hon ton thu c dung dch mui A. Cho NaOH d vo thy c kt ta B, lc ton b kt ta B em nung n khi lng khng i th thu a gam cht rn D. a) Nu m= 5,6 gam; hy tnh a =? b) Nu a= 8,0 gam; hy tnh m =? B3: Ho tan 2,7 gam Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl 20 % ( d=1,1 gam). Hy tnh: a) Th tch kh H2 thot ra ktc v 270C; 2 atm? b) Th tch dung dch HCl cn dng? c) Nng %, nng mol ca dung dch mui thu c sau phn ng? B6: Cho 6,1 gam hn hp Mg, Al, Cu vo dung dch H 2SO4 long, d thu c 5,6 lt H2 (ktc) v c 1 gam cht rn khng tan. Tnh thnh phn % ca cc kim loi trong hn hp u? B9: Trn 200 g dung dch Ba(NO 3)2 5,2 % vi 100 ml dung dch H 2SO4 20% (d = 1,13 g/ml). a) Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c? b) Tnh nng % ca cc cht sau phn ng? B10: Viet phng trnh phan ng hoan thanh s o sau: 1, Ca CaO Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 Ca(HCO3)2 CaCl2 CaCO3 2) Fe FeCl3 Fe2(SO4)3 Fe(NO3)3 Fe(OH)3 FeCl2 FeSO4 Fe(NO3)2 Fe(OH)2 Fe2O3

3, Cl2 HCl MgCl2 Mg(OH)2 MgO MgCl2 AgCl

11